AORN Periop 101 Final Exam

AORN Periop 101 Final Exam -closure of the abdominal wall or sternum -retention sutures -secondary repairs -respiratory tract -orthopedics -neurosurgery - ✔uses for steel sutures? (6) -passing the needle holder to the surgeon may compomise the sterile field if the surgeon is injured -the needle may drop if the needle holder is not passed properly - ✔List two complications that are possible while passing a needle holder to a surgeon during surgery 1. air or other gases 2. electricity 3. batteries 4. ultrasonic systems - ✔name four power sources for powered surgical instruments 1. always hand the powered instrument to the surgeon with the safety turned on.

2. always use the instrument with the blade or drill guard in place 3. always have irrigation ready to use with the drill or saw because they generate enough heat to injure or burn surrounding tissue. - ✔name the three basic safety standards for the use of powered instruments 1. tissue 2.suture - ✔two basic types of scissors 3-6 months - ✔how long do synthetic absorbable sutures last in the body? a. Never use the ESU in the presence of alcohol-based antimicrobial prep agents until the agents are dry and vapors have dissipated. b. Never allow fluids to be poured on the generator. - ✔When using the ESU, the RN should remember to (SATA): a. Never use the ESU in the presence of alcohol-based antimicrobial prep agents until the agents are dry and vapors have dissipated. b. Never allow fluids to be poured on the generator. c. Encase the foot switch in an insulated safety holster.

Allis clamps - ✔Type of clamp used to retract tissue and grasp fascia, cysts, and knee cartilage. army-navy retractors - ✔this type of retractor is used for shallow incisions and usually used in pairs. atraumatic forceps aka debakey forceps - ✔type of forceps used to grasp fine tissue with minimal trauma. used in vascular or cardiovascular surgery.

Babcock clamps - ✔This type of clamp is well suited for gripping or enclosing delicate structures such as bowel, appendix, urethra, or fallopian tubes. This clamp is especially suited for grasping bowel bc their smooth edges and bowed shape will not penetrate, crush, or traumatize delicate tissue. balfour retractors - ✔type of self-retaining retractor that is used to hold the abdominal wall open during abdominal surgery. consists of two parts - a spreader and a blade. bipolar - ✔__________ current leaves the generator, is applied to tissue using a twopoled instrument, and returns to the generator. brown needle holders - ✔this type of needle holder is used for small gauge needles to apply sutures in superficial tissue (e.g., for plastic surgery) capillarity - ✔the ability to soak up fluid along a strand chisels - ✔used to sculpt bone and have one beveled edge chromic gut (type C) - ✔choose suture to match: infected tissues and slow-healing tissue and ligation of larger vessels, biliary, urinary tracts, and muscle/fascia closure clamps - ✔What type of instrument is used to hold, join, or compress parts together? coated multifilament nylon - ✔what type of suture is this brand? surgilon Coated multifilament nylon (Surgilon) - ✔type of nylon suture that consists of a braided strand treated with silicone, which enhances passage through tissue coated polyester fiber - ✔what type of suture is this brand?

ticron, ethibond, teflon, polydek, and tevdek coated polyester fiber sutures Ticron Ethibond Teflon, Polydek, Tevdek - ✔type of suture. the surface is lubricated to provide a smooth passage through tissues. used mainly for cardiovascular anastomosis and prosthesis placement. retains its strength indefinitely.

Examples: silicone (brand name?) polybutilate (brand name?) polytetrafluoroethylene (brand name?) collagen and surgical gut - ✔two types of natural absorbable sutures? collier needle holders - ✔this type of needle holder holds medium-gauge needles craniotomes - ✔special type of power tool that is used to enter the skull for craniotomy surgery crile clamps - ✔this type of clamp is used to control bleeding in subcutaneous tissue.

They come in various lengths. crile, kelly, mosquito - ✔Name three types of hemostats. curettes - ✔used to remove soft tissue or bone by scraping with the sharp edge of the cup, loop, ring, or scoop located at the end of the instrument. These instruments are available in a variety of sizes, angels, and lengths. dermal silk - ✔type of silk suture that prevents the in-growth of tissue cells and facilitates removal. used for skin sutures dermatomes - ✔powered surgical instrument that cuts layers of skin for skin grafts; a blade a pre-determined thickness of skin adjusted by a calibration of the handpiece Dexon used for peritoneal, fascia, and subcutaneous tissue replaces surgical gut in many applications - ✔Polyglycolic Acid

examples? types of tissues/surgeries used in? applications? drills - ✔used in orthopedic and podiatry surgeries to cut through bone, drill holes for screws, and clean out bone marrow. elasticity - ✔The ability to regain original form and length after being stretched FALSE - the ESU may not be used in the presence of defatting agents - ✔T/F -- The ESU can be used in the presence of defatting agents. heavy - ✔curved mayo scissors are used for dissection of _________ tissues. intraluminal circular stapler - ✔used for intraluminal anastomosis of a tubular hollow organ, usually the GI tract jansen retractors - ✔type of self-retaining retractor that may be used for biopsy or removal or a small tissue mass. blunt with two blades held apart by a ratchet kelly or peon clamps - ✔this type of clamp is used to control bleeders in muscle tissue, to hold Kitner sponges, and to pass drains. They are 5-10 inches long. knot tensile strength - ✔force, measured in pounds, which the suture strand can withstand before it breaks when knotted Kocher clamps or Ochsner clamps - ✔This type of clamp has transverse serrations as well as large teeth at the tips to grasp tightly on heavy, tough, slippery tissue, such as fascia, bone, and cartilage, and uterine broad ligaments. (two names) ligating and dividing stapler - ✔used to ligate and divide omental vessels or soft tubular structures ligature - ✔a strand of suture material that is used to tie of blood vessels, prevent hemorrhage/bleeding, and isolate tissue while excising is known as ________? linear stapler - ✔type of stapler used throughout the alimentary tract and in thoracic procedures linen - ✔this nonabsorbable natural suture is made up of fibers spun from flax that are twisted to form a strand. the tensile strength is inferior to other nonabsorbables. it is used in GI surgery.

malleable ribbon retractors - ✔type of retractor that is flat and may be shaped or bent by the surgeon at the field. Used to protect soft tissue during dissection and to aid in blunt retraction of bowel and malleable retraction of soft tissue around bone.

Maxon soft tissue except cardiovascular, neural, and opthalmic tissues general soft tissue use - ✔Polyglyconate examples? types of tissues/surgeries used in? applications? mayo-hegar needle holders - ✔this type of needle holder is used to hold heavy-gauge needles to apply heavy sutures in deep abdominal areas memory - ✔tendency of suture to recoil to its original shape during packaging.

Metzenbaum - ✔__________ scissors are used for dissection of delicate tissues.

Monocryl used for wound closure, bowel surgery (mucosa), and cosmetic closure used in general surgery and plastics - ✔Poliglecaprone examples? types of tissues/surgeries used in? applications? monofilament nylon - ✔what type of suture is this brand? ethilon and dermalon Monofilament nylon (Ethilon) - ✔type of nylon suture that is a smooth single-strand of noncapillary material that is used for: microsurgery, opthalmic procedures, and plastic/cosmetic skin closure

mosquito clamps - ✔this type of clamp is used to control superficial bleeders and handle delicate tissue in plastic surgery, hand surgery, etc. They are 5-5.5 inches in length.

O'Connor/O'Sullivan retractors - ✔type of self-retaining retractor that is used to hold the abdominal wall open during surgery. consists of a spreader and various sized blades.

Occluding clamps ex.- Kochers, Ochsners, Hemostats - ✔This category of clamps are used to clamp tissue that has a lumen. They usually have vertical serrations or special jaws with finely meshed multiple rows of longitudinally arranged teeth. They are designed to prevent leakage and to minimize trauma when clamping bowel, vessels, or ducts that are to be reanastomosed. Name three types of clamps in this category. osteotomes - ✔bone cutting instruments used for shaping or marking bone PDS and PDS II sutures slow healing tissues and extended wound support abdominal/thoracic closure, subcutaneous tissues, and colorectal suregery ✔Polydioxanone examples? types of tissues/surgeries used in? applications?` phaco - ✔a type of ultrasonic tool that breaks up and aspirates the lens in cataract surgery plain catgut (type A) - ✔choose suture to match: ligation of small vessels and to suture subcutaneous fat and tissue under tension while healing polybuster - ✔what type of suture is this brand? novafil polydioxanone sutures (eg PDS) - ✔choose suture to match: abdominal and thoracic closure, subcutaneous tissue, and colorectal surgery polyethylene - ✔what type of suture is this brand?

dermalene polyglactin 910 sutures (eg Vicryl) - ✔choose suture to match: ophthalmic procedures and when absorption is desired polyglycolic acid sutures (eg Dexon) - ✔choose suture to match: peritoneal, fascial, and subcutaneous closure polyglyconate sutures (eg Maxon) - ✔choose suture to match: soft tissue except cardiovascular, neural, and opthalmic tissues polypropylene - ✔what type of suture is this brand? prolene and surgilene quickly immerse the suture in sterile water or NS - ✔what should you do if a natural absorbable suture starts to dry during a procedure? retractors - ✔This type of instrument is commonly used to pull aside tissue, in order to provide the best exposure possible, while inflicting a minimum of trauma to the surrounding tissue. richardson retractors - ✔type of retractor used for abdominal surgeries. they are used to retract broad tissue, such as subcutaneous tissue rongeurs - ✔biting instrments used for cutting tissue or bone. This instrument is most commonly used on bone or heavy ligaments. They may be double or single-action. saw - ✔any notched blade used for cutting bone senn retractors - ✔type of retractor to maintain exposure in small areas, such as in carpal tunnel surgery. skin clips - ✔this is used to secure stockinet or towels to the skin skin closure strips - ✔used to approximate the edges of superficial lacerations or as a primary closure. skin stapler - ✔type of stapler used to approximate skin edges

smooth forceps - ✔type of forceps used to grasp tissue during neurosurgery and some ENT procedures sternal - ✔designed specifically to cut through the sternum for cardiac or thoracic surgery. straight - ✔__________ scissors are used for cutting sutures. surgical cotton - ✔this nonabsorbable natural suture gains strength when wet. it is used for ligating and suturing, but has no advantage over silk surgical silk - ✔type of silk suture made from the fiber spun by silkworms. gives good support during early ambulation and promotes rapid healing. used in the serosa of the GI tract and to close fascia when no infection is present suture - ✔a term used for material that is used to ligate blood vessels or to approximate tissue, and to hold tissue in place while healing occurs. tissue forceps - ✔type of forceps used to grip dense structures like tough skin, fascia, or cartilage. trephines - ✔used to cut bones from the skull. this instrument has a circular, sharpened edge. uncoated multifilament nylon (Neurolon) - ✔type of nylon suture that is tightly braided to prevent capillary action, handles much like silk, is strong, causes less reaction, and may be used on all tissues for which multifilament nonabsorbable sutures are acceptable uncoated polyester fiber - ✔what type of suture is this brand? mersilene and dacron Vicryl used for opthalmic procedures and when absoprtion is desired - ✔Polyglactin 910 examples? types of tissues/surgeries used in? applications? virgin silk - ✔type silk suture used for ophthalmic surgery. comes in black/white sizes 80 and 9-0

volkmann retractors - ✔type of retractors that have two to six sharp or dull prongs. generally used in pairs to retract superficial tissue. (may cause glove tear or injury) Weitlaner Retractor - ✔type of self-retaining retractor that is used to maintain wound exposure during repair of an inguinal hernia. consists of two blades held apart by a ratchet. may have sharp or blunt jaws.