EMT FISDAP Operations Exam Review Part 800 - ✔NYS EMS protocol. Everything you must keep in the ambulance is included. Medical director - ✔The physician who authorizes or delegates to the EMT the authority to provide medical care in the field. Reciprocity - ✔Ability to transfer state to state as an EMT Scene Safety - ✔steps taken to ensure the safety and well-being of the EMT, his partners, patients, and bystanders Proper body substance isolation - ✔PPE (gowns, gloves, protective masks) What do you do if the scene is not safe? - ✔Contact police Sharps Container - ✔A puncture-proof container designed specifically to safely dispose of needles, scalpels, and other sharp disposable medical instruments Handwashing - ✔Step 1: Wet Hands. Wet your hands and apply enough liquid soap to create a good lather. ... Step 2: Rub Palms Together. ... Step 3: Rub the Back of Hands. ... Step 4: Interlink Your Fingers. ... Step 5: Cup Your Fingers. ... Step 6: Clean the Thumbs. ... Step 7: Rub Palms with Your Fingers. Wellbeing of the EMT - ✔Recognizing stressors, taking up a healthy diet and exercise, coping with death and dying CISM - ✔Critical Incident Stress Management - A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium. Evidence at a crime scene - ✔blood, DNA, fingerprints, shoeprint, hair Signs of Obvious Death - ✔Rigor Mortis, Dependent Lividity, Putrefication, Evidence of non-survivable injury Restraining a Patient - ✔-do not restrain in prone position
-restrain of patient becomes dangerous to self or you -use humane restraints and do so in the supine position Unsafe scene procedures - ✔ Expressed Consent (actual consent) - ✔Type of consent given when patient verbally or otherwise acknowledge that he or she wants you to provide care or transport. Implied consent - ✔Type of consent in which a patient who is unable to give consent is given treatment under the legal assumption that he or she would want treatment. Informed consent includes - ✔Risks, benefits, complications, alternatives DNR - ✔do not resuscitate order MOLST - ✔medical orders for life sustaining treatment- a medical order form that tells others the patient's medical orders for life-sustaining treatment Informed refusal - ✔Occurs when the patient refuses treatment after he/she has been fully educated regarding the consequences of not receiving the treatment. RMA - ✔The refusal of medical assistance, or RMA, ensures the continuum of care that ambulance squads have a responsibility towards. In a typical emergency call, the ambulance service will assess and transport the patient to an appropriate facility. Standing orders - ✔a policy or protocol issued by a Medical Director that authorizes EMTs and others to perform particular skills in certain situations Medical control - ✔Physician instructions that are given directly by radio or cell phone (online/direct) or indirectly by protocol/guidelines (off-line/indirect), as authorized by the medical director of the service program. Libel - ✔A written defamation of a person's character, reputation, business, or property rights. HIPPA - ✔Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act ensures the privacy of all patients START triage - ✔A patient sorting process that stands for Simple Triage And Rapid Treatment and uses a limited assessment of the patient's ability to walk, respiratory status, hemodynamic status, and neurologic status. scene size-up - ✔A step within the patient assessment process that involves a quick assessment of the scene and the surroundings to provide information about scene
safety and the mechanism of injury or nature of illness before you enter and begin patient care. General impression - ✔impression of the patient's condition that is formed on first approaching the patient, based on the patient's environment, chief complaint, and appearance. Additional Resources - ✔Assess if ALS is needed Assess if Law Enforcement is needed Assess if Fire Department is needed Assess if Hazmat Team is needed Assess if other resources are needed. Primary Assessment - ✔A step within the patient assessment process that identifies and initiates treatment of immediate and potential life threats. Unsafe scene - ✔fire, hazards, cardiac arrest, small space(can't protect scene) BSI (Body Substance Isolation) - ✔AKA standard precautions. Strict form of infection control that is based on the assumption that all blood and other body fluids are infectious NREMT - ✔National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians Definitive Care - ✔Care that will improve, rather than simply stabilize, a patient's condition (surgery or other care provided in a hospital) Ex Care provided at a designated trauma center including sophisticated trauma care Techniques for decontamination - ✔Emulsification - using a surfactantChemical Reaction - neutralizesDisinfection - biologicalDilutionAbsorption and adsorption sameRemovalDisposal Good Samaritan Law - ✔a statute that relieves medical professionals from liability for ordinary negligence when they stop and render aid to victims in emergency situations Preserve a crime scene - ✔Do not disturb the scene more than you need to for quality patient care. Do not cut through holes in clothing that were caused by GSW or stabbing. Avoid walking thru blood. Try to keep SA victim from showering, urinating, defecating.If someone is obviously dead, do not disturb the body. Slander - ✔spoken defamation NIMS - ✔Promotes efficient coordination of emergency incidents at regional, state and national levels.Standardizes terminology, resources, personnel training and certification. ICS is a part of NIMS.
Procedures for EMS - ✔ Therapeutic communication techniques - ✔specific responses that encourage the expression of feelings and ideas and convey acceptance and respect Online orders - ✔orders from the on-duty MD given directly to an EMT-B Addendum - ✔(n.) a thing that is added; an appendix or addition to a book or written document (doing EMT documentation) Safe perimeter - ✔.Cold zone- safe area where command post, ems etc perimeter where patients are treated Signs and symptoms of chemical weapons - ✔-Diarrhea-Urination-Mioisis (constricted pupils)-Bradycardia- Emesis (vomiting)- Lacrimation (excessive tearing) Vesicants - ✔Cause blisters to form, inhalation damages upper airway, intense pain and grayish colored skin. Primarily exposed thru contact with some vapor hazard. Mustard, lewisite, phosgene oxime. Criteria of Refusal of Treatment - ✔Conscious, alert adults with decision-making capacity have the right to refuse and can withdraw from treatment any time. Assess their ability to make this decision. Suicidal patients should not be regarded as having normal mental capacity.DOCUMENT ALL REFUSALS Control zones- HAZMAT - ✔Hot zone- immediately surrounding the release. Most contaminated.Warm zone- where decontamination occurs.Cold zone- safe area where command post, ems etc Cyanide Agents - ✔Hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride. Kill within minutes. Exposed thru vapor. Pulmonary agents - ✔chemicals that primarily cause injury to the lungs; commonly referred to as choking agents. Chlorine, phosgene. Nerve Agents - ✔Immediate onset, highly lethal. Kills within minutes. Sarin, tabun, soman Incident commander - ✔Resposible for all logistical and operational aspects of a masscasualty incident (MCI) such as designating section officers and working in collaboration with other agencies (police, fire, EMS)
Traige Category: Red - ✔First Priority, immediate. Airway/breating compromise, uncontrolled bleeding, shock, severe burns, open chest or abdominal wounds. Respiratory rate greater than 30, cap refill greater than 2 seconds or no radial pulse Triage Category: Yellow - ✔Second priority, delayed. Burns without airway compromise, major or multiple bone/joint injuries. back injuries with or without SC injury. Cap refill less than 2 seconds, resp rate less than 30 obeys commands Triage Category: Green - ✔minor fractures and soft tissue injury. Walking wounded. Triage Category: Black - ✔expectant.obvious death. nonreversible major injury. cardiac arrest. Helicopter Transport - ✔Call for medivac Establish a safe zone Overturned vehicle entrapment - ✔ ICS - ✔Organizes and utilizes resources that respond to major EMS, Police, or fire events. Extrication notes - ✔Scene safety and patient care Gaining access (easiest way is the door) Long spine board First manual maneuver- Cervical stabilization First mechanical maneuver- Cervical collar When you are able to reach a patient by rolling down a window or opening a door, it is known as what type of access? - ✔Simple Access Which choice describes the level of detail that you should provide a patient with prior to the extrication process? - ✔Extensive details, even if the patient has no questions You arrive on the scene where a school bus has been hit by a train. The bus was in its early stages of picking up students and you have 5 patients. Your closest unit is 30 minutes away. Triage a 16-year-old female patient with respirations 38, pulse 132, and altered mental status with cool clammy skin using START triage criteria. - ✔Priority 1, red tag power lift - ✔a lift from the squatting position with weight to be lifted close to the body, feet wide apart and flat on the ground, body weight on the balls of the feet, and the body raised before the hips
power grip - ✔gripping with as much hand surface as possible in contact with the object being lifted all fingers bent at same angle, and hands at least 10 inches apart What is an emergency move? - ✔occurs when getting the patient out is the priority, and assessing them for spinal injury comes second What 3 situations require an emergency move? - ✔the scene is dangerous, the patient needs to be repositioned to receive care, you must reach other patients How should you move the patient in an emergency move? - ✔in the direction of the long axis of the body Decontamination - ✔Emulsification - using a surfactant Chemical Reaction - neutralizes Disinfection - biological DilutionAbsorption and adsorption same Removal/Disposal