ABPL90378_DF-LAB WHALE WALKER ENOCH FUNG 965320
//0.0_SUBJECT_INTRODUCTION AN UNDERSTANDING OF DIGITAL FABRICATION (DF) IS BECOMING INCREASINGLY VITAL TO THE PRACTICE OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE. IT HAS BEEN SUGGESTED FOR A LONG WHILE THAT DF HAS THE ABILITY TO BRING ABOUT INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY TO THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY. AS DF METHODOLOGIES AND PROCESSES HAVE BEEN PART OF BUILDING FOR SOME TIME NOW THIS HAS CLEARLY NOT BEEN THE CASE. THE CURRENT LEVEL OF UNDERSTANDING IN THE FIELD OF ARCHITECTURE NEEDS TO BE INCREASED AND ARCHITECTS NEED TO SHIFT FROM CONSUMERS TO PROSUMERS OF THIS TECHNOLOGY. DIGITAL FABRICATION AIMS TO EXPOSE STUDENTS TO THE UNDERTHE-HOOD PROCESSES THAT DRIVE DF TECHNOLOGY. THIS WILL BE THROUGH A COMBINATION OF SEMINAR, HANDS-ON PROGRAMMING AND FABRICATION ACTIVITIES.
//0.1_DESIGN_BRIEF_INTRODUCTION LONG-SPAN STRUCTURES MUST UTILISE AT LEAST ONE PROCESS OF TIMBER BENDING, DIGITAL FABRICATION EQUIPMENT AND AN OVERALL DIGITAL DESIGN WORKFLOW. LONG-SPAN STRUCTURES SHOULD BE DESIGNED TO SPAN A DISTANCE OF 30 METRES SUPPORTED FROM TWO-THREE POINTS. DESIGNS SHOULD UTILISE CONCRETE FOOTINGS AND OTHER MATERIALS WHERE NECESSARY, BUT SHOULD BE MAJORITIVELY BE COMPRISED OF TIMBER ELEMENTS. DESIGNS SHOULD BE STRUCTURALLY STABLE AND AESTHETICALLY STRIKING. DESIGNS SHOULD BE GENERATED UTILISING COMPUTATIONAL WORKFLOWS FOR ALL ELEMENTS OF THE PROJECT. EACH MEMBER OF EACH TEAM MUST CONTRIBUTE TO THIS WORKFLOW AND HAVE THEIR OWN DEDICATED SECTION. STUDENTS ARE TO UNDERTAKE RESEARCH INTO RELEVANT BRIDGE AND TIMBER DESIGN PRINCIPLES TO INFORM THE DIRECTION OF THEIR PROPOSALS ALONG WITH INCORPORATING METHODS AND WORKFLOWS GLEANED FROM IN-CLASS WORKSHOPS.
//1.0.0_PRECEDENT_STUDY PAVILION/EMTECH_(AA) + ETH
//1.0.0_PRECEDENT_STUDY
THE PAVILION BY EMTECH (AA) + ETH WAS INTERESTING IN TERMS OF THE SUBJECT OF SHEET BENDING. THE CUTS WITHIN THE PLY SHEET MATERIAL ALLOWS IT TO BE BENT AND MANIPULATED IN OPPOSING DIRECTIONS, THIS ALLOW THE SHEET MATERIAL TO SPAN A LONG DISTANCE WITH THE RIGHT TENSILE FORCES APPLIED.
//PAVILION
//1.0.0_PRECEDENT_STUDY
FURTHERMORE, THE METHODOLOGY AND PARAMETRIC ASPECT OF THE PROJECT IS RATHER INSPIRING, BY SIMULATING THE STRESS, THE DESIGNERS WERE ABLE TO ALLOCATE OPPOSING FORCES BEFORE THE STRUCTURE IS BUILT. IT MINIMIZES FAILURE BY USING DIGITAL FABRICATION AND TEST, TO BOTH REDUCE COST AND ENHANCE EFFICIENCY.
//STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
//1.0.0_PRECEDENT_STUDY
THE CRITICISM OF THE PROJECT IN MY OPINION IS THE APPLICATION AND FLEXIBILITY IN THE DESIGN ITSELF, ALSO IN THE CREATION OF THE SHEET MATERIAL. CUSTOM MADE OR BUILT PIECES COME IN A PREMIUM AND RESULTS IN A STAGNATION IN PRODUCTION, DESPITE OF THE CRITICISMS, INNOVATIVE IDEAS CAN STILL BE EXTRACTED FROM THE PROCESS OF CREATING THE PROJECT.
//TENSILE CABLES
//1.0.1_PRECEDENT_STUDY BENDING_BRIDGES / CENTRO_DE_ESTUDIOS_ SUPERIORES_DE_DISEÑO_DE_MONTERREY, CEDIM
//1.0.1_PRECEDENT_STUDY
THE BENDING BRIDGES IS A PROJECT THAT EXPLORES DOUBLE LAYERED SHELLS IN ARCHITECTURE, IN RELEVANCY TO THE ADVANCEMENT IN LIGHTWEIGHT APPLICATIONS AND STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE FOR LARGE SPAN CONSTRUCTION. THE FORM IS ACHIEVED THROUGH A DOUBLE CURVATURE DESIGN USING LOCAL ACTIVE BENDING TECHNIQUES.
//BENDING BRIDGES
//1.0.1_PRECEDENT_STUDY
THE INTERESTING PART OF THE PROJECT WAS HOW THEY SOLVED THE DOUBLE CURVATURE SURFACE, BY IMPLEMENTING SPACERS/FORM WORK WITHIN THE FINAL PIECE, MINIMIZING SPRINGBACK WHILE MAINTAINING INTERNAL STRESS FORCES USED AS STIFFENING FACTOR.
//DETAIL
//1.0.1_PRECEDENT_STUDY
THE BRIDGE IS A COMPUTATIONAL AIDED DESIGN PIECE SIMILAR TO THE PAVILION BUT WITH A DIFFERENT APPROACH. ALTHOUGH BOTH ARE UTILIZING SHEET MATERIALS, THE BENDING METHOD AND PROCESS IS DRASTICALLY DIFFERENT. THIS INFORMS THAT TO CREATE A LONG SPAN TIMBER STRUCTURE WITH CURVED ELEMENTS CAN BE ACHIEVED IN MANY DIFFERENT APPROACHES, ALLOWING FOR DIFFERENT DESIGN LANGUAGES TO BE USED IN THE FOLLOWING PHASES OF THE DESIGN.
//1.1.0_PRECEDENT_STUDY_METHOD HOW_TO_MAKE_WOODEN_BOAT_AND_SET_OF_OARS, MERCHANT&MAKERS
//1.1.0_PRECEDENT_STUDY_METHOD
WHILE RESEARCHING FOR FIELDS THAT ACTIVELY USE TIMBER BENDING AS THEIR MAIN TECHNIQUE, WE CAME ACROSS BOAT BUILDING. BOATS ARE BASICALLY SPANNING TIMBER STRUCTURE BUT INVERTED, WHERE A LOT OF THE TECHNIQUES CAN BE TRANSFERRED TO RESPOND TO THE DESIGN BRIEF.
//BOAT MAKING
//1.1.0_PRECEDENT_STUDY_METHOD
WHAT IS TO BE EXTRACTED FROM BOAT BUILDING IS THE STRUCTURAL TIMBER ELEMENTS, IT DEFINES THE SHAPE OF THE BOAT BY BEING BENT AND SECURED TO THE BACKBONE/SPINE AT THE BOTTOM. IF IT WERE TO BE THE BRIDGE, IDEALLY IT WOULD NEED MORE POINTS OF CONTACTS TO CREATE A WALKWAY SURFACE.
//STRUCTURAL CONSTRUCTION
//1.1.0_PRECEDENT_STUDY_METHOD
THE ENCLOSURE OF THE BOAT MAKE USE OF BENT TIMBER ELEMENTS AS WELL, DEPENDING ON THE SCALE/DIMENSIONS OF THE TIMBER PIECE, STEAM MAY OR MAY NOT BE INVOLVED. THIS ALSO INFORMS THAT THE BENDING OF TIMBER DOES NOT HAVE TO BE A ONE-GO PROCESS. HOWEVER, THE YIELD AND EFFICIENCY HAVE TO BE TAKEN ACCOUNTED FOR.
//ENCLOSURE CONSTRUCTION
//1.1.1_PRECEDENT_STUDY_METHOD TIMBER_BENDING_METHODS
HTTPS://SCULPTFORM.COM/THE-BEST-CURVED-TIMBER-OPTION-FOR-YOUR-APPLICATION/
//1.1.1_PRECEDENT_STUDY_METHOD
STACKED LAMINATION IS THE PROCESS OF BENDING THIN PIECES OF TIMBER, APPLYING GLUE AND STACKING THEM WHILE CLAMPED IN PLACE. IT IS A METHOD THAT REQUIRES A LOT OF FORCE AND NOT SUSTAINABLE SINCE A LOT OF THE MATERIAL IS WASTED IN THE PROCESS OF CREATING STRIPS.
//STACKED LAMINATION HTTP://WWW.VENTSPLEEN.COM/HOW-TO-BEND-WOOD/
//1.1.1_PRECEDENT_STUDY_METHOD
KERFING IS THE PROCESS OF REMOVING MATERIAL AND ONLY LEAVING A THIN LAYER THAT ALLOWS BENDING TO OCCUR. IT SHARES SOME FLAWS AS THE ABOVE MENTIONED STACKED LAMINATION, WHERE IN ORDER FOR BENDING TO OCCUR, MUCH MATERIAL IS REMOVED AND WASTED.
//KERFING HTTPS://CORDESMACHINE.COM/KERF-IT/
//1.1.1_PRECEDENT_STUDY_METHOD
STEAM BENDING IS THE PROCESS OF USING A STEAM BOX TO HEAT UP TIMBER PIECES TO INTRODUCE ELASTICITY INTO THE MEMBER, USUALLY PRODUCES A SEAMLESS RESULT AND RESERVES THE STRENGTH WITHIN THE MATERIAL. HOWEVER, THE TIME REQUIRED TO PRODUCE STEAM BENT ELEMENTS IS A HUGE INVESTMENT AND DEPENDING ON THE SPECIES, THE YIELDS DIFFER. THE TIME FRAME ALLOWED FOR MANIPULATING THE PIECE IS OFTEN SHORT AND MUCH FORCE IS ALSO REQUIRED TO PRODUCE A SUCCESSFUL RESULT.
//STEAM BENDING HTTPS://WWW.INSTAGRAM.COM/P/CQDEXFHLYEW/
//2.0_BEND DESIGN_EXPLORATION
ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.1_BEND_INTRODUCTION THE DESIGN BRIEF IS TO CREATE A LONG SPAN TIMBER STRUCTURE BY UTILISING THE INFORMATION DURING THE RESEARCH PHASE. DURING THIS INITIAL DESIGN PHASE, IT IS EXPECTED THAT THE FORM AND THE SPECULATIVE FABRICATION PROCESS WILL BE ESTABLISHED.
//2.0.2_BEND_PRELIMINARY_DESIGN
EXTRACTING FROM THE BOAT MAKING, ONE OF THE FIRST APPROACHES WAS TO MIMIC THE FORM WITH A CONSTANT RADIUS, ATTACHED TO A SERIES OF GIRDERS. THIS RESULTS IN A STRONG BRIDGE STRUCTURE THAT SPECULATIVELY CAN SUPPORT HEAVY LOADS AND SPAN LONG DISTANCES.
//1ST APPROACH CHRISTINE JORGE
//2.0.2_BEND_PRELIMINARY_DESIGN
AN EXPLORATION OF CLADDING HAS DERIVED FROM THE RESEARCH WHERE WITH THE USE OF TIMBER BENDING, UNIQUE STRIPS CAN BE GENERATED AND IMPLEMENTED AS A BARRIER TO PROVIDE PROTECTION. THE RESULT FROM THE COMPUTATIONAL SCRIPTING IS RANDOM AT THIS STAGE WHERE THE BENDING RADIUS IS NOT FORMALISED.
//2ND APPROACH DUKE WANG
//2.0.2_BEND_PRELIMINARY_DESIGN
BY DIVING INTO THE CORE OF DIGITAL FABRICATION, THE GOAL OF CREATING A CONSTANT RADIUS TO GENERATE DIFFERENT ‘PARTS’ IS TO BE EXPLORED, IN ORDER TO PRODUCE A REPEATABLE FABRICATION WORKFLOW. THE RESULT WAS A CLUSTER OF UNNECESSARY PARTS THAT CREATED A VOLUME THAT SERVES NO APPARENT PURPOSE. HOWEVER, THE LOGIC BEHIND IS TO BE EXTRACTED AND MANIFESTED FURTHER.
//3RD APPROACH ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.3_BEND_DESIGN_METHOD METHOD
PHYSICAL
THEORETICAL
COMPUTATIONAL
EXPLORATION OF STEAM BENDING TIMBER, AIMED TO BE USED FOR BOTH AESTHETICALLY AND STRUCTURALLY, AND CONNECTION DETAILS TO CREATE FINITE EXTENSIONS.
CONSTANT RADIUS TO PROVIDE SEGMENT VARIANTS (PART LIBRARY)
STRUCTURAL OPTIMISATION AND DEFORMATION ANALYSIS TO INFORM THE STRUCTURAL DESIGN WITH THE GIVEN SEGMENT VARIANTS (PARTS), PURPOSEFULLY OVER ENGINEERING FROM THE STRUCTURAL OPTIMISATION TO CATER FOR REAL LIFE LOAD DIFFERENCES.
MATERIAL TESTING + PROTOTYPES
DESIGN CONCEPT + PROCESS EXECUTION
ENOCH FUNG
DIGITAL WORKFLOW + COMPUTATION
THE METHOD PROPOSED IS AN EXPLORATION OF HOW TRADITIONAL SYSTEMS CAN UTILISE TIMBER BENDING AS A CONSISTENT TECHNIQUE FOR THE COMPONENTS OF A BRIDGE. THROUGH RESEARCH AND MAKING THE PROCESSES ARE IDENTIFIED TO AID THE DESIGN. THE PROCESS IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE BASED ON THE FEEDBACKS PROVIDED.
//2.0.4_BEND_MATERIAL_TEST
DUE TO THE SHORT TIME ASSIGNED FOR THE SUBJECT A LOT OF THE MATERIAL TESTING WERE DONE IN PARALLEL WITH THE COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN. F-CLAMPS WERE USED IN RESPONSE TO THE SPEEDY NATURE OF TIMBER BENDING, SPRINGBACK OF THE TIMBER STRIP WAS PRESENT AND VARIES DEPENDING ON THE MATERIAL THICKNESS.
TIMBER ON JIG WITH F-CLAMPS
EVIDENCES OF MATERIAL SPRINGBACK
//2.0.4_BEND_MATERIAL_TEST
IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE A SMALLER RADIUS, A JIG WAS MADE AT THE WORKSHOP WITH SCRAP BLOCKS AND A PLANK. TIMBER BLOCKS WERE SCREWED FROM THE BOTTOM TO BE SECURED IN PLACE FOR CLAMPS TO BE CLAMPED ON.
TIMBER TEST MATERIAL 2 ON DIFFERENT JIG DESIGN
DOCUMENTING BEND PROFILE
//2.0.4_BEND_MATERIAL_TEST
VARIOUS SPECIES AND THICKNESSES OF TIMBER WERE TESTED, IT WAS MENTIONED THAT HARD WOOD WAS BEST USED FOR BENDING. THE THICKNESS AND HEIGHT OF THE TIMBER AFFECTS THE WARPAGE OR DEFORMATION CAUSED BY HEAT FROM THE STEAMBOX.
TIMBER TEST MATERIAL 3 ON JIG WITH F-CLAMPS
EVIDENCE OF WARPING FROM STEAMBOX
//2.0.5_BEND_SITE_ANALYSIS NORTH ACCESS FROM FLINDERS STREET STATION UNDERPASS
LOOKOUT POINT
WALKWAY
LOOKOUT POINT UNDERBRIDGE RESTAURANT
SOUTH ACCESS TO SOUTHBANK CHRISTINE JORGE
OVERALL BRIDGE SPAN 42.12M
LOOKOUT POINT
IN ORDER TO PROGRESS FURTHER WITH THE DESIGN, A SITE WAS DETERMINED TO PROVIDE DIFFERENT CONSTRAINTS THAT COULD BE USED TO INFORM THE DESIGN. THE EVAN WALKER BRIDGE IN SOUTHBANK HAS BEEN SELECTED DUE TO THE NATURE OF IT BEING A PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE AND THE SPAN BEING JUST OVER 40M. EXTRACTING THE DATUM FROM THE SITE ANALYSIS, THE BRIDGE WIDTH IS DETERMINED TO BE 7M.
//2.0.6_BEND_COMPUTATIONAL_DESIGN
GEN 1 OF THE COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN IS TO HARVEST THE ABILITY TO GENERATE A BRIDGE STRUCTURE BY ONLY REFERENCING 2 PRIMARY ARCS, WHERE THE SECONDARY STRUCTURE GENERATES AUTOMATICALLY VIA THE SCRIPT.
2 CURVES DEFINED THE PRIMARY STRUCTURE
SECONDARY STRUCTURE IS INTRODUCED BY EXTRACTING POINTS
//GEN 1 ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.6_BEND_COMPUTATIONAL_DESIGN
EXTENSION OF MID BRACING ELEMENT
GEN 2 OF THE COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN EXTENDS THE BRACING ELEMENT TO MEET THE OUTER RIBS, WHICH IDEALLY WOULD CONSIST OF THE SAME CONSTANT RADIUS OF THE OTHER PARTS.
BRACING REVISIT + HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT
OUTER RIBS INSTALLATION
//GEN 2 ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.6_BEND_COMPUTATIONAL_DESIGN
THE ADDITIONAL SUPPORT OF THE WALKWAY IS INTRODUCED TO CREATE 3 POINTS OF CONTACT FOR THE ABOVE SPECULATED MESH, THE SURFACE AT THIS STAGE IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE.
//GENERATION 2 ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.6_BEND_COMPUTATIONAL_DESIGN
GEN 3 OF THE COMPUTATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CHANGED THE DEFINITION FROM REFERENCING TWO 3D CURVES TO TWO 2D PLANAR CURVES. THIS ALLOWS FOR BY CONDUCTING A QUICK ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT SITE CONDITIONS AND BY DEFINING THE WIDTH, GENERATE A BRIDGE DETERMINED BY THE REFERENCED CURVES.
ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.6_BEND_COMPUTATIONAL_DESIGN
THE ARCHES ARE DETERMINED BY MOVING THE INTERSECTION POINT BETWEEN THE SKETCHED CURVE AND THE SAME CURVE UPWARDS.
//GENERATION 3 ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.6_BEND_COMPUTATIONAL_DESIGN
A RIBS + BRACING STRUCTURE IS THEN GENERATED SIMILAR TO GEN 2. GIVEN THE DIFFERENCE IN LENGTH OF THE 2 SKETCHED CURVES, THE RIBS TWIST AND ADJUST ACCORDINGLY.
//GENERATION 3 ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.6_BEND_COMPUTATIONAL_DESIGN
THE OUTER RIBS ARE THEN GENERATED TO PROVIDE LANDINGS FOR THE WALKWAY BEAMS.
//GENERATION 3 ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.6_BEND_COMPUTATIONAL_DESIGN
WALKWAY BEAMS ARE THEN GENERATED BY INTERPOLATING THE HIGHEST POINTS OF ALL THE RIBS.
//GENERATION 3 ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.6_BEND_COMPUTATIONAL_DESIGN
A WALKWAY SURFACE IS THEN RESTED ON TOP, ALLOWING FOR HUMAN CIRCULATION TO OCCUR.
//GENERATION 3 ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.6_BEND_COMPUTATIONAL_DESIGN
THE RAILINGS OF THE STRUCTURE IS ALSO GENERATED VIA THE COMPUTATIONAL SCRIPT, PROVIDING LOCATION FOR THE NECESSARY SAFETY ELEMENTS TO BE INSTALLED.
//GENERATION 3 ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.6_BEND_COMPUTATIONAL_DESIGN
HUMAN INPUT IS THEN IMPLEMENTED TO ADJUST RAILING HEIGHTS TO PROVIDE THE OUTLOOKS, ETC.
//GENERATION 3 ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.6_BEND_COMPUTATIONAL_DESIGN
SINCE THE PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF THE BRIDGE IS GENERATED ENTIRELY WITH PARAMETRIC INPUTS, IT IS A PROOF OF CONCEPT OF HOW ITERATIVE DESIGN CAN BE PRODUCED EFFICIENTLY DIGITALLY, IN COMPARISON TO MANUAL TWEAKING OF THE DESIGN. IT ALLOWS FOR MORE TIME TO BE PUT INTO THE PRODUCTION AND CONFIGURATIONS INSTEAD OF PLOTTING INDIVIDUAL CURVES AT TIMES.
ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.6_BEND_COMPUTATIONAL_DESIGN //10 SEGMENTS
THE COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN ALLOWED FOR QUICK ITERATIVE DESIGN, FOR EXAMPLE, THE 10 SEGMENTS RENDER AND THE 20 SEGMENTS RENDER IS ONLY THE CHANGE OF 1 PARAMETER INPUT.
//20 SEGMENTS
ENOCH FUNG
//REFERENCE CURVE CHANGE
AS FOR THE REFERENCE CURVE CHANGE, THIS COMPLETELY TRANSFORMS THE RESULT TO ADAPT TO DIFFERENT CONSTRAINTS THAT EXIST WITH SITE CONDITIONS.
//2.0.7_BEND_SUBSTRUCTURE
THE DESIGN OF THE BRIDGE AIMS TO BE A DEVELOPED RESPONSE THAT FOLLOWS A LANGUAGE OF PATTERNS FORMED THROUGH A CONSTANT RADIUS. THE DESIGN EMPHASISES THE STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF THE BRIDGE ALONG WITH THE TECHNIQUES OF TIMBER BENDING. THE DESIGN FOLLOWS THE FORM OF A BOAT INVERTED TO BECOME THE SUBSTRUCTURE.
//ITERATIVE DESIGN ENOCH FUNG
//2.0.7_BEND_SUBSTRUCTURE_STRUCTURAL_ANALYSIS
PROTOTYPE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
KARAMBA3D WAS USED AS A STRUCTURAL ANALYZING TOOL TO LOCATE STRESS POINTS ON THE STRUCTURE AND OPTIONS TO BE MADE IN ORDER FOR THE BRIDGE TO NOT COLLAPSE. SINCE THE BRIDGE WAS MADE PARAMETRICALLY, THE ANALYSIS CAN BE DONE WITH IN REGARDS TO THE CHANGES IN THE DESIGN.
DUKE WANG
//2.0.7_BEND_SUBSTRUCTURE_STRUCTURAL_ANALYSIS
DESIGN DETERMINATION
THE STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE OF THE BRIDGE IS AFFECTED BY 4 MAIN FACTORS:
Segment Quantity
Walkway Height
Arch Height
Cross Section Dimension
From the generated model we left four variables undetermined, the segment quantity, arch height, walkway height and cross section dimension, then run a series of compariDUKE WANG son tests from Karamba for the best result.
1. 2. 3. 4.
SEGMENT QUANTITY WALKWAY HEIGHT ARCH HEIGHT CROSS SECTION DIMENSION
//2.0.7_BEND_SUBSTRUCTURE_STRUCTURAL_ANALYSIS
SEGMENT QUANTITY TEST
SINCE THE SEGMENT QUANTITY DETERMINES HOW MUCH MATERIAL WILL BE NEEDED TO CREATE THE STRUCTURE, IT IS THE STARTING POINT OF THE OPTIMISATION THAT NEEDED TO BE LOCKED IN. WITH THE CURRENT DESIGN, 6 SEGMENTS HAVE SHOWN TO BE THE OPTIMUM SEGMENT COUNT WITHOUT DEPRECIATION RETURN. 6 A group of comparison test are making sure the test result isn’t caused by particular constant in the test, which constant values are dead load and cross section, variable is segment quantity corresponding to displacement distance. Eventually the test result we are looking for is the least amount of displacement distance (y-axis)
DUKE WANG
6
6 As the charts above showing, segment quantity from 1 to 15 is generally following a curvy trending, in this case number 4 oddly break the trending therefore we choose to exclude it, then the least displacement distance on all three diagrams shows to be 6 segments For arch height and walkway height, a similar test were done to get value of 3.6 m for arch height, 8m for walkway height.
//2.0.7_BEND_SUBSTRUCTURE_STRUCTURAL_ANALYSIS
CROSS SECTION TEST
APART FROM THE SEGMENT QUANTITY, THE CROSS SECTION OF STRUCTURAL MEMBERS DIRECTLY CONTRIBUTES TO THE STRENGTH OF THE BRIDGE. FROM THE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, IT WAS DETERMINED THAT 350MM WAS SUFFICIENT FOR THE STRUCTURE TO BE SELF SUPPORTING. 35
The last parametric input need to determined is cross section, base on all of previous results here is one chart talking about the relationship between square cross section size and displacement distance. And the result we want to get from this is what size of cross section is the most strength efficient size
DUKE WANG
By a series of numbers the first we can see is displacement number is decreasing when cross section increases, this is expected but the relationship isn’t entirely linear, that means smaller cross section size is more cost-effective. So we chose the domain between 20 to 40, with reasonable displacement distance, and further consider the size of actual timber we have, eventually determined 35mm as our cross section size.
//2.0.7_BEND_SUBSTRUCTURE_STRUCTURAL_ANALYSIS
STRUCTURAL TEST 1TEST 1 STRUCTURAL Dead loads
CONSTANT: Cross Section / Load / Material VARIABLE: Structure TEST REFERENCE: Displacement CONSTANT: Cross Section/Load/Material VARIABLE: Structure
TEST REFERENCE: Displacement
STANDARD BRIDGE: (displacement: 18.23cm/cross section 10x20 cm/ load: 11KNm3)
Stress Diagram: Timber show fair structural property (white dominant color) and proof this basic structure is doable.
Diaplacement Diagram: A large area of displacement makes sense as the curved timber components are designed to have elastic effect.
BY CHANGING THE STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF THE SCHEMATIC DESIGN THE DISPLACEMENT LOCATIONS OF THE BRIDGE ARE AFFECTED, ALTHOUGH THE RESULTS WERE PREDICTABLE, IT WAS INFORMATION THAT RESPONSES TO THE FUTURE ALTERATIONS OF THE DESIGN.
CANTILEVER BRIDGE (displacement: 7972cm/cross section 10x20 cm/ load: 11KNm3)
Displacement Diagram: In this cantilevered design timber inside are more compact and worked better than standard model, but an enormous displacement number is occured to cantilever structure.
LIFT-UP BRIDGE (displacement: 1239cm/cross section 10x20 cm/ load: 11KNm3)
Stress Diagram: To achieve similar design function as Evan Walker Bridge we need a ≈6 m lifted structure for boats, one test result shows stress pattern is well following the basic model.
DUKE WANG
Diaplacement Diagram: The 1.2 m displacement is occured to middle portion of bridge, which is unaccaptable and can improved by strengthening choice of cross section.
//2.0.8_BEND_MAKING
PROTOTYPE: JIG INITIAL JIG DESIGN
WHILE WORKING WITH LIMITED TIME, A JIG WAS MADE FOR TESTING THE TIGHTEST BENDING RADIUS OF THE STRIPPED AMERICAN OAK. THE TEST UNFORTUNATELY WAS A FAILURE BUT IT ALSO INFORMED HOW THE DESIGN SHOULD BE CHANGED TO BE REALIZED, IN TERMS OF A PHYSICAL MODEL.
//JIG DESIGN JIG DESIGN CNC Prototype Jig to test the most steep angle.
CRACKING DUE TO MATERIAL CRITICAL POINT Jig design and fabricated with CNC
SCALE 1:5
//2.0.9_BEND_JOINERY_DETAILING
BOTTOM ANCHOR
JOINT DETAIL CONNECTION 1
350MM X 350MM STRUCTURE TIMBER WITH CNC CASTED JOINT
THE BOTTOM ANCHOR ELEMENT AT THIS STAGE IS CONSIDERED A WEAK CONNECTION. THE JOINERY DETAILS COULD HAVE SOME MORE WORK DONE AT THIS POINT AND I PERSONALLY CONSIDER THIS AS UNRESOLVED. M36 X 350MM BOLT 10MM STEEL FOOTING BOLTED INTO CONCRETE M50 X 150MM BOLT EXISTING CONCRETE ON SITE
FRED HUANG
//2.0.9_BEND_JOINERY_DETAILING
SCALE 1:5
MAIN CONNECTION JOINT DETAIL CONNECTION 2
TIMBER JOINT COMPONENT 350MM BOLT STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH CNC CASTED JOINT
M36 X 350MM BOLT
STRUCTURAL TIMBER WITH CNC CASTED JOINT 350MM BOLT SHAPE TIMBER DIAL
FRED HUANG
SIMILAR TO THE BOTTOM ANCHOR, THE MAIN CONNECTION ALTHOUGH FLEXIBLE, IMMEDIATE COLLISION ERRORS CAN BE SPOTTED. HOWEVER, IT IS KEPT UNTIL LATER FEEDBACKS.
SCALE 1:5
//2.0.9_BEND_JOINERY_DETAILING
TOP ANCHOR
JOINT DETAIL CONNECTION 3 TIMBER PEDESTRIAN DECK
350MM X 350MM STRUCTURE TIMBER M36 X 350MM BOLT
10MM STEEL FOOTING BOLTED INTO CONCRETE M50 X 150MM BOLT
EXISTING CONCRETE ON SITE
FRED HUANG
THE TOP ANCHOR ELEMENT IS A VERSION OF THE MAIN CONNECTION, SHARING A LOT OF PROPERTIES SPECULATING THAT THEY CAN BE BATCH MADE.
//2.0.8_ASCEND_REFLECTION
AFTER THE MID SEMESTER PRESENTATION A FEW THINGS WERE ADDRESSED TO BE CHANGED. 1. THE USE OF CONSTANT NEEDS TO BE MORE PROMINENT AND DRIVES THE DESIGN 2. LOOK INTO SOLUTIONS TO TACKLE SAFETY CONCERNS 3. CONSIDER MATERIALITY, IF TIMBER CAN BE USED AS THE ‘DECKING’ OF THE WALKWAY 4. JOINT DETAILS SHOULD BE MORE REFINED AND REVISITED
ENOCH FUNG
//2.2.0_BEND_APPENDIX PROGRESS IMAGES
//3.0_ASCEND DESIGN_PROGRESSION
//3.0.1_ASCEND_INTRODUCTION THE CONTINUATION OF THE DESIGN RESPONSE IN REGARDS OF THE BRIEF, DESIGN CHANGES WERE MADE IN ACCORDANCE TO THE FEEDBACK RECEIVED DURING MID SEMESTER PRESENTATION. DURING THIS REFINING PHASE, THE IDEALS OF THE PROPOSAL ARE EXPLORED, INFORMING THE DESIGN AND REAL LIFE PERFORMANCE.
//3.0.2_ASCEND_DESIGN_AMENDMENTS
SINCE THE START OF THE SEMESTER THE PROJECT WAS GRAVITATED TOWARDS BOAT MAKING, AS THEY USE STEAM BENDING AS THEIR PRIMARY METHOD TO PROVIDE STRUCTURAL PROPERTY TO A HOLLOW BODY, WHICH WHEN FLIPPED, COULD BE VERY BENEFICIAL TO A LONG SPAN STRUCTURE.
//TIMBER KAYAK BOAT CHRISTINE JORGE
//3.0.2_ASCEND_DESIGN_AMENDMENTS
LOOKING AT THE ANATOMY OF THE WHALE’S SKELETON, THE RIB CAGE RESEMBLES THE BACKBONE OF BOAT MAKING. THE NAME OF WHALE WALKER IS THEN USED FOR THE DESIGN AND THE DRIVING MOTIF OF THE LONG SPAN TIMBER STRUCTURE.
//HUMPBACK WHALE SKELETON CHRISTINE JORGE
//3.0.2_ASCEND_DESIGN_AMENDMENTS
1 VARIED RADIUS
SINCE MID-SEMESTER PRESENTATION, THE MOST SIGNIFICANT DESIGN CHANGE WAS IN THE DEFINITION OF THE COMPUTATIONAL WORKFLOW. THE DESIGN NOW USES 2 CONSTANT RADII AS ITS BASIS TO GENERATE THE DESIGN INSTEAD OF THE FREE FORM IT USED TO HAVE.
2 CONSTANT RADIUS
ENOCH FUNG
//3.0.2_ASCEND_DESIGN_AMENDMENTS
DWELLING ON THE CONCEPT OF THE CONSTANT RADIUS, 2 RADII HAVE BEEN DEFINED, 30M FOR THE PRIMARY STRUCTURES AND 6M FOR THE SECONDARY. FROM THIS INFORMATION THE JIGS WERE CHANGED TO BE TESTED IF THE BENDING CAN BE DONE. BY DEFINING THE CONSTANT RADII, THE DESIGN IS STILL CHANGING IN PARALLEL TO THE MAKING, HOWEVER IT DOES NOT SLOW DOWN THE PRODUCTION OUTPUT AT THIS STAGE.
//JIG DESIGN 2.0 APPLYING F-CLAMPS
LET DRY
TEST PRODUCT
//3.0.3_ASCEND_MAKING
SINCE THE JIG FOR THE CONSTANT RADIUS IS CUT ON THE CNC MACHINE, A DRYING RACK CAN BE MADE ACCORDING TO: DIAMETER + MATERIAL THICKNESS = DRYING RACK OPENING
MEASURING
DRYING RACK COMPLETE
DRYING RACK IN USE
//DRYING RACK
//3.0.3_ASCEND_MAKING
WITH THE JIG AND DRYING RACK COMPLETED, SOME BENDING TEST WERE DONE WITH VARYING MATERIAL THICKNESSES. INITIALLY 20MM SQUARE CROSS SECTION AMERICAN OAK WERE TESTED, HOWEVER, TEAR OUTS WERE STILL PRESENT AND THE YIELD WAS STILL A BIT RISKY TO BE DONE. WE THEN STRIPPED DOWN TO 10MM SQUARE CROSS SECTION INSTEAD TO ENSURE THE BENDING YIELD.
MATERIAL THICKNESS TESTING
STEAM BOX UTILISED
DRYING RACK OCCUPIED
//PROGRESS
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
S ARCH GENERATION NOTES: THE CURVES ARE SHATTERED INTO SEGMENTS TO GENERATE VARIATIONS, DEPENDENT ON THE DESIRED RESULTS.
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
R30 APPLICATION NOTES: 30M RADIUS ARCS WERE USED IN OUR PROPOSAL FOR PRIMARY STRUCTURE ELEMENTS.
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
PRIM. ARCHES DEFINED FROM END PTS NOTES: THE PRIMARY ARCHES ARE DESIGNED TO BE THE STRONGEST ELEMENT TO SUPPORT THE ENTIRE STRUCTURE.
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
R30 APPLICATION NOTES: 30M RADIUS ARCHES ARE GENERATED IN THE Z DIRECTION (AGAINST GRAVITY) USING THE ENDPOINTS.
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
SECONDARY ARCHES DEFINED BY SEGMENT QUANTITY NOTES: THE SEGMENT QUANTITY IS DEFINED BY THE STRUCTURAL OPTIMISATION AND CAN BE INCREASED OR DECREASED DEPENDING ON THE DESIRED AESTHETIC OUTCOME/FABRICATION COST.
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
OUTER RIBS GENERATION NOTES: USING THE SAME SEGMENT QUANTITY FIGURE FROM THE SECONDARY ARCHES THE OUTER RIBS ARE GENERATED TOWARDS THE OUTSIDE TO SUPPORT THE LOADS FROM ABOVE.
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
R6 APPLICATION NOTES: 6M RADIUS IS USED ON SECONDARY ELEMENTS TO EXAGGERATE THE CURVATURE WHILE BEING ABLE TO PROVIDE STRUCTURAL SUPPORT, AND THEY FORM THE RIBCAGE OF THE WHALE.
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
MID BRACING NOTES: BRACING ELEMENTS ARE USED TO MAINTAIN THE FORM OF THE PRIMARY ARCHES, SHARING THE SAME NODES AS THE SECONDARY ARCHES AND THE OUTER RIBS.
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
ADDITIONAL MID BRACING NOTES: ADDITIONAL BRACING ELEMENTS ARE INTRODUCED USING THE MID POINTS OF THE OUTER RIBS, IT AIMS TO MAINTAIN THE FORM OF THE OUTER RIBS WHEN COMPRESSION FORCE IS APPLIED FROM ABOVE.
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
SURFACE DEFINED BY S CRV PROJECTION NOTES: USING THE PROJECTION OF THE INITIAL S CURVE, THE WALKWAY SURFACE IS DEFINED FOR PEDESTRIAN USE.
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
SURFACE SUPPORT BEAMS GENERATION NOTES: LOAD BEARING BEAMS ARE GENERATED ALSO USING THE PROJECTION OF THE INITIAL S CURVE, AN ADDITIONAL MID BEAM IS INTRODUCED, CONNECTED TO THE SECONDARY ARCHES TO PROVIDE AN EVEN WALKING SURFACE.
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
OUTER RIB BRACING GENERATION NOTES: TO EVENLY DISTRIBUTE THE LOAD, AN EXTRA LOAD PATH IS INTRODUCED WITH THE OUTER RIB BRACING, IT USES SEGMENTS OF THE 30M RADIUS MEMBERS BETWEEN THE MID POINTS OF THE OUTER RIB BRACING.
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS COMPLETE
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
RAILING GENERATION NOTES: THE RAILING ELEMENTS USE THE SAME 6M RADIUS AS THE SECONDARY MEMBERS BUT WITH A SEPARATE SEGMENT QUANTITY DEFINITION, IT IS FORMED LIKE A WHALE’S RIB CAGE, MIRRORING THE UNDERSIDE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE.
//3.0.4_ASCEND_COMPUTATIONAL_WORKFLOW
RAILING BRACING GENERATION NOTES: NON STRUCTURAL BRACING ELEMENTS ARE ADDED AT THE THIRDS OF THE RAILING ELEMENTS TO SECURE THE FORM.
FIN.
//3.0.5_ASCEND ASSEMBLY MANUAL
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21 CODE: TL1
10x
2x
1x
1x
U2 - Plate fixings
1x
U1 - Footings bottom plate
For 1:10 bridge construction
Heavy duty gloves
For steam bending & lamination
Pinnacle M4 x 25mm Zinc Plated Hex Head
Power Drill
9x
Pinnacle M4 x 30mm Zinc Plated Hex Head
F-Clamps
Design and Quality FRONT of Group
Urn
DFLAB DFLAB
Category: Timber steam bending
Rough Sawn Timber
WHALE WALKER
TOOLS
Steambox V2
2
2
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21 CODE: TT1
TOOLS & TASK
F-Clamps
9x
Heavy duty gloves
Category: Bridge Construction
Urn
4
Category: Bridge Construction
Steambox V2
TOOLS & TASK
Rough Sawn Timber
3
CODE: TT2
1x
1x
1x
10x
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
3
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
4
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
CODE & ASSIGN PROCESS 6.5
CODE: OM
OVERVIEW MAP
5
6
Category: Bridge Construction
Primary Arch (PA) CODE: TIMBER PIECES COMPONENTS
(NOTE: DRAWING TO BE CHANGED TO EXPLODED ISO?)
8
Railing Bracing See page 00
7
PA-L3
(RB)
1 2 3 4
PA-R1 PA-R2 PA-R3 PA-R4
1117mm
5 6 7 8
PA-L1 PA-L2 PA-L3 PA-L4
1208mm
TOTAL (PA) SEGMENTS: 8
PA-L4
Railing
(R) See page 00
PA-L2 U-3 U-2
SCHEDULE OF BRIDGE PARTS
Outer Rib Bracing
(ORB) See page 00
Walkway support beam
(WSB) See page 00
Outer Rib
(OR) See page 00
Secondary Arch
2
(SA) See page 00
Mid-Bracing See page 00
1
(MB)
Primary Arch
See page 00
3
4
5
6
Part
Code
1
Primary Arch
PA
2
Mid-Bracing
MB
3
Secondary Arch
SA
4
Outer Rib
OR
5
Walkway support Beam
WSB
6
Outer Rib Bracing
ORB
7
Railing
R
8
Railing Bracing
RB
PA-R3
PA-R4
U-1 PA-R2
PA-L1
PA-R1
(PA-L)
5
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
6
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
CODE & ASSIGN
CODE & ASSIGN PROCESS 6.5
PROCESS 6.5
Outer-rib Bracing (ORB)
7
ORB-L6 ORB-L5 ORB-L4 ORB-L3
9 10 11 12 13 14
ORB-R1 ORB-R2 ORB-R3 ORB-R4 ORB-R5 ORB-R6
654 mm 690 713 713 722 830
15 16 17 18 19 20
ORB-L1 ORB-L2 ORB-L3 ORB-L4 ORB-L5 ORB-L6
875mm 760 755 755 740 685
Walkway support beam (WSB)
8 WSB-3.4 WSB-2.4
WSB-3.3
WSB-3.1
ORB-R6
L-R19
WSB-2.1 WSB-2.2 WSB-2.3 WSB-2.4
1066mm
WSB-1.4
L-R18
WSB-2.1
WSB-1.3
ORB-R3
L-R17 L-R16
ORB-R2
WSB-1.2
L-R15
29 30 31 32
WSB-3.1 WSB-3.2 WSB-3.3 WSB-3.4
1101mm
TOTAL (WSB) SEGMENTS: 12
WSB-1.1
ORB-R1
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
25 26 27 28
L-R21
WSB-2.2
ORB-R4
1031mm
L-R20
WSB-3.2
ORB-L2
ORB-L1
WSB-1.1 WSB-1.2 WSB-1.3 WSB-1.4
WSB-2.3
TOTAL (ORB) SEGMENTS: 12
ORB-R5
21 22 23 24
CONSTRUCTION
7
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
8
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
CODE & ASSIGN
CODE & ASSIGN PROCESS 6.5
PROCESS 6.5
Additional Bracing (AB)
9
33 34 35 36 37 38 39
AB-1 AB-2 AB-3 AB-4 AB-5 AB-6 AB-7
Mid-Bracing (MB)
10
1635mm 975 810 767 804 951 1582
40 41 42 43 44 45 46
MB-6
AB-7
MB-5
AB-5
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
L-A9 L-A7 L-A8
MB-3
MB-7 L-A10
L-A11 L-A12
L-A13 L-A14
L-A5 L-A6 MB-2
L-A3 L-A4
L-R2
AB-1
STEAM
L-R7
L-R3
AB-2
CUT
L-R5 L-R4
AB-3
DRESS
MB-4
L-R6
AB-4
846mm 838 825 809 792 779 773
TOTAL (MB) SEGMENTS: 7
TOTAL (AB) SEGMENTS: 7
AB-6
MB-1 MB-2 MB-3 MB-4 MB-5 MB-6 MB-7
BEND L-R1 PROCESS 4
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7 CONSTRUCTION
9
DRESS
CUT
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
MB-1
STEAM PROCESS 3
L-A1 L-A2BEND PROCESS 4
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7 CONSTRUCTION
10
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
CODE & ASSIGN
CODE & ASSIGN
PROCESS 6.5
PROCESS 6.5
Outer Rib (OR)
11
47 48 49 50 51 52 53
OR-L7 OR-L6 OR-L5
OR-R1 OR-R2 OR-R3 OR-R4 OR-R5 OR-R6 OR-R7
L-21
12
1588mm 827 483 383 517 827 1486
Railing (R) R-21
61 R-R1-21 85 R-L1-21
641mm
TOTAL (R) SEGMENTS: 24
TOTAL (OR) SEGMENTS: 14
OR-L4
L-R14
L-1
L-R13 OR-L3
L-R12
R-1
OR-L2 L-R11
OR-L1
OR-R5 L-R10 L-R9
OR-R6 OR-R7
OR-R4
OR-R3
54 55 56 57 58 59 60
L-R8 OR-R2
OR-L1 OR-L2 OR-L3 OR-L4 OR-L5 OR-L6 OR-L7
1486mm 704 390 248 417 754 1588
TOTAL (OR) SEGMENTS: 14
OR-R1
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
11
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
12
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
CODE & ASSIGN PROCESS 6.5
CODE: TL5
Railing Bracing (RB)
13 RB-R8 RB-R7
RB-R6
RB-R5
RB-R4
86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93
RB-R1 RB-R2 RB-R3 RB-R4 RB-R5 RB-R6 RB-R7 RB-R8
550mm
94 RB-L1 95 RB-L2 96 RB-L3 97 RB-L4 98 RB-L5 99 RB-L6 100 RB-L7 101 RB-L8
550mm
FRIENDLY TIPS 14 TOOLS: Category: Bridge Assembly
RB-R3
RB-R2
RB-R1
DARCY
TOTAL (RB) SEGMENTS: 16
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
13
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
14
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21 CODE: AS
CODE: F1
15
STEP 1
2 16 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
STRINGLINE DIMENSIONS
Category: Bridge Assembly footings & reference points
1
2
3
Batter board (Add diagonal bracing if needed)
String lines
Dimension lines
Boundary markers
Temporary support NOTE: Site set out plan subject to change depending on the specified location of the bridge construction in campus. True as of: 20-Jul-2021
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
15
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
16
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
CODE: AS
17
CODE: AS
STEP 2
18
Category: Step-by-step assembly
STEP 3
Category: Step-by-step assembly
F2
F2
F2
F2
F2
F2
Detail Assembly 1 Footing plate connection (4x plates) Primary Arch & Mid-bracing
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
17
Detail Assembly 2 Primary arch plate connection (6x plates)
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
18
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
CODE: AS
CODE: AS
4 19 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
5 20 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
Detail Assembly 3 Mid-bracing connection (10x)
F3
Detail Assembly - L-plate connection for Frame (4x 7 Frames)
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
19
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
20
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
CODE: AS
21
CODE: AS
STEP 6
7 22 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
Category: Step-by-step assembly
Detail Assembly - L-plate connection: Frame to Primary Arch
Detail Assembly - L-plate connection Footings to Frames 1&7
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
21
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
22
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
CODE: AS
CODE: AS
8 23 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
9 24 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
Detail Assembly - Cross halving joint: Walkway to frames
Detail Assembly - L plate connection Outer rib bracing
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
23
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
24
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
CODE: AS
CODE: AS
11 26 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
10 25 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
Detail Assembly - plate connection Walkway segments
Detail Assembly - Repeat steps
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
Detail Assembly - Repeat steps
25
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
26
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
CODE: AS
CODE: AS
12 27 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
13 28 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
Detail Assembly - Timber decking
Detail Assembly - Repeat steps
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
27
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
28
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
CODE: AS
CODE: AS
14 29 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
15 30 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
Detail Assembly 5 - Cross lap joint for nonstructural vertical railing components with horizontal bracing
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
Detail Assembly - Repeat cross lap joints assembly
29
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
30
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
CODE: AS
31
CODE: AS
STEP 16
16 32 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
Category: Step-by-step assembly
Detail Assembly - Repeat cross lap joints assembly
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
31
Detail Assembly - Repeat cross lap joints assembly
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
32
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21
DF_Lab: Designing Making / User manual v21 CODE: AS
17 33 STEP Category: Step-by-step assembly
34
Detail Assembly - Repeat cross lap joints assembly
DRESS
CUT
STEAM
BEND
DRY
GLUE
ASSEMBLE
PROCESS 1
PROCESS 2
PROCESS 3
PROCESS 4
PROCESS 5
PROCESS 6
PROCESS 7
PREPARATION & FABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
33
34
//4.0 REFLECTION DURING THE WINTER SEMESTER, I HAVE FILLED MANY ROLES WITHIN THE GROUP, PROBLEM SOLVING, DESIGNING AND RENDERING. THE SUBJECT BROADENED MY VIEW ON PARAMETRIC/ DIGITAL DESIGN AND SEE THE POTENTIAL WITHIN ITERATIVE APPROACH, PROVIDING CONSTRAINTS SUCH AS MATERIAL AND FABRICATION METHOD GROUNDS PROJECTS AND MAKE THEM REALISTIC. A COMMON CRITIQUE FROM DESIGN STUDIOS WAS THE LACK OF REALISM IN THE DESIGN AND IT USUALLY ORIGINATES FROM THE DISCONNECTION TO THE MATERIAL/FABRICATION METHOD STUDENTS WERE NOT USED TO BE EXPOSED TO. WHILE THE MAKING PHASES LASTED, MANY ISSUES SUCH AS TIMBER CRACKING AND DEGREE OF CURVATURE AFFECTED THE DESIGN OUTCOMES AND CREATED A LOT OF LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES WITH THE MATERIAL. A STREAMLINED WORKFLOW WAS ACHIEVED AND SPECULATED NEAR THE END OF THE SEMESTER BUT DUE TO OUTSIDE CIRCUMSTANCES THE PHYSICAL MODEL CANNOT BE MADE. HOWEVER, WHILE APPROACHING THE END OF SEMESTER WITH UNCERTAINTY, OUR TEAM CREATED A SPECULATED MANUAL TO HOPEFULLY COMPLETE THE BUILD IN THE FUTURE WITH MORE TIME AND HELP TO FURTHER REFINE THE END PRODUCT. I PERSONALLY REALLY ENJOYED THE SUBJECT AND LEARNT A LOT MORE THAN I EXPECTED, IT WAS A LAUNCHPAD TO MY JOURNEY WITH ALGORITHMIC DESIGN, MATERIAL STUDIES WILL ALSO CONTINUE BE A MAJOR CONSIDERATION IN MY ONGOING STUDIES.
//5.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY 1.
PAVILION / EMTECH (AA) + ETH HTTPS://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/221650/PAVILION-EMTECH-AA-ETH
2. BENDING BRIDGES / CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES DE DISEÑO DE MONTERREY, CEDIM HTTPS://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/920941/BENDING-BRIDGES-CENTRO-DE-ESTUDIOS-SUPERIORES-DE- DISENO-DE-MONTERREY-CEDIM?AD_SOURCE=SEARCH&AD_MEDIUM=SEARCH_RESULT_ALL
3. HOW TO MAKE WOODEN BOAT AND SET OF OARS, MERCHANT&MAKERS HTTP://WWW.MERCHANTANDMAKERS.COM/HOW-TO-MAKE-A-WOODEN-BOAT-WITH-THE-BOAT-BUILDING- ACADEMY/ 4.
OTTO WAGNER BRIDGES - PART 1/2/3, KARAMBA3D HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=WYN2LIKMMSQ