Carte engleza editat complet1 by F Erika

ALEXANDRu_BUGARIU

CRISTIANA 0$AN

LIMBA ENGLEZA TESTE PENTRU ADMITERE ~ICEU, BACA~UREAT$I VERIFicARI ~URENTE

CLUJ-NAPOCA EURODIDACT, 2003

CONTENT

Cu mul{umiri tuturor colegilor din catedra de limba engleza pentru sprijinul acordat, Autorii

Chapter I 1. The use of the tenses of the verb 2. Exercises 3. Key to the exercises Chapter II l. Multiple choices exercises 2. Key to multiple choices exercises Chapter ill l. Word building exercises 2. Key to word building exercises Chapter IV 1. Cloze exercises 2. Key to cloze exercises ChapterV 1. Rephrase exercises 2. Key to rephrase exercises Chapter VI l. The right verbal form exercises 2. Key to the right verbal fonn exercises Chapter VII 1. The right alternative exercises 2. Key to the right alternative exercises Chapter VIII I . Communication topics 2. Language bank 3. Examples of Topics for the Oral Exam, 9th Grade Annexes Bibliography

CHAPTER I 1. THE USE OF THE TENSES OF THE VERB 1. The Simple Present

Mike lives in London but he works in Belfast. I live in Bristol but I work in Bath. We travel by car. The fonn is the same as the short infinitive. For the third persons singular add an - s or - es : teach - es cross - es change - s[iz] wash - es watch - es fix - es work-s help-s buy- s. The present simple is used: - general truths: The sun rises in the East. The Danube.flows into the Black Sea. - for repeated actions: They go to school by bus. During the evenings I watch TV. - for explanations, demonstrations and stage directions: If you want to reach the Buckingham Palace, turn to the left, cross the park and go straight on ... I take a pan put oil in it and place it on the fire. The door opens, he enters slowly, suddenly the phone rings. - to refer to future events (in programmes, timetables etc.): The flight is on Sunday at 10. School starts in September. - instead of future in subordinate clause of time and condition: Mary will be angry if you don't call her. Call her when you arrive. - instead of present perfect with verbs like: hear, know, f orget, win, tell. 路 I hear she is ill. I forget his name. You win! They tell me Tom is back. 2. Present Continuous (Progressive)

It is fonned with TO BE + main verb am S (Subject)+ is +verb+ ing are It is used: - for actions in progress at the very moment of speaking: 7

Look! It is snowing. Father is cleaning the road. The children are watching him. - for temporary actions or exceptions: We usually go out on Sundays but this Sunday we are staying home. - to express arrangements in the near future (an immediate plan): What are you doing tonight? 路 I am visiting Tom and then we are going to a pub.

3. Present Perfect Simple S + have I has+ 3rc1 fom1 of the verb I past participle I have visited Great Britain. Mary has learned English. It is used: - to express the present result of a past action: I have seen this rnovie (I know what it is about). Tom has washed his car (It is clean). He hasn't washed his hands (They are dirty). - actions completed in the near past (with adverbs of time): Tom has just left the room. The film has already started. -with adverbs of frequency (ever, never, yet): Have you ever been in London? I have never seen this statue. Has the film started yet? It hasn't started yet. -with unfinished periods of time (today, in the afternoon, this week, this term etc.): I have met Tom this week I have had a lot of work this term. - with for (a period of time up to the present) and since (the point when the activity starts): I have known Mary for ten years. She has married since she graduated the college. I have been a teacher of English since 1973.

4. Present Perfect Continuous (Progressive) S + have I has been + the indefinite participle of the main verb I verb + ing I have been waiting for you for a long time. It is used: - to express an activity begun in the past and still in progress:

I have been cleaning my room since yesterday. - to express an activity begun in the past which has only just fini '.:hed: Sorry I'm late! Have you been waiting long?

5. Simple Past S +short infinitive of the verb+ ED+ adverb S +2nd form of the irregular verb+ adverb I worked in London five years ago. I met Tom yesterday. It is used: - for simple actions completed at a definite time in the past: I saw this movie last week When did you wash your car? I washed it yesterday. - for a series of actions in a sequence: He put on his coat, said goodbye and slammed the door. - for habitual, repeated actions in the past: Tom always wore black shoes. Ten fir-trees lined the road which led to the bridge. - for future actions in conditional or temporal clauses when the verb in the main clause is in the past: He wanted me to see him as soon as I arrived. They said they would go for a walk if the weather was fine.

6. Past Continuous (Progressive) S + was I were + main verb + ing We were playing tennis yesterday afternoon from five to seven. It is used: - to express an action in progress at some time in the past; he past moment can be expressed by a clause or by a time adverbial: When I arrived Mary was sleeping. Father was reading the newspaper at ten. - as a past equivalent of a present continuous: He said he was studying in London. - for plans and arrangements as viewed from the past: We left home at eight: we were meeting Torn at nine and were going to a restaurant at nine thirty.

7. Past Perfect Simple S +had+ 3rc1 form of the verb I past participle of the main verb The teacher said that he had marked our papers. It is used: - to refer to an action completed before another action in the past: Tom had read the novel before he went to the movie. - for an action which began before another action in the past and continued up to that time: He had lived in this :louse since he was born. - in reported speech: He told us he had visited London. 9

8. Past Perfect Continuous (Progressive) S + had been + verb + ing He had been travelling before he worked in that factory. It is used: - to describe an action in progress in the past, begun and completed before another action in the past: Mary had been washing the dishes before her mother arrived. - to refer to an action in the past begun before the time of speaking in the past and still going on that time or possible after: When I saw them the boys had been washing my car for half an hour. By that time I had been writing the novel for a year. 9. Future Simple S + shall I will + verb I shall learn the tenses. It is used: - to denote future actions Tom will be eighteen next year. If you give her these flowers she will forgive you. 10. Future Continuous (Progressive) S + shall I will be +verb + ing At this time next year I shall be travelling all over the world. It is used: - to refer to actions in progress some time in the future: What will you be doing at five PM tomorrow? I shall be writing at that time. This time next week they will be celebrating their marriage.

It is used: . - for an action which vvill be completed at a given future momerit: By the end of the year they will have built up that house. - for an action begun before a given foture moment and still going on at the future time: In two years time we shall have lived in London for twenty years. 2. EXERCISES

I. Put the verbs in brackets into Present Tense Simple or Continuous: 1. How often you (go) to the cinema? 2. You (see) John tomorrow? ·" 3. She (not hear) what I (say). 4. She (understand) the Present Tense Continuous in English? 5. We (spend) the next weekend with our friends; we (go) on a trip to the seaside. 6. She (put) the dictionaries on the shelves. 7. This Sunday I (not wake up) at 7 o'clock in the morning. 8. I (drive) to the station every day. 9. At the moment, my sister (make) a cake. 10. They (talk) to their friends now. 11. I (like) to visit this church 12. Susan (go) to school every day. 13. ,,The weather is perfect; we (have) a great wonderful time. 14. The poor Harrisons (have) very bad weather for their holidays. 15. We (have) our holidays in June this year, for a change. 16. Why he (have) to give up this trip? 17. We (not have) our house painted every year. 18. Mrs. Smith (have) her third baby in June. 19. My family (not have) always a continental breakfast. 20. The translation (have) to be finished by this evening.

II. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense: Present Perfect o Simple Past:

11. Future in the Past S + should I would + verb A future in the past is used to denote a future action as viewed from a past moment. I knew I should solve the exercise! It is used in reported speech: ,,I shall meet you tomorrow". He said he would meet him the next day. 12. Future Perfect Simple S +shall I will have+ 3rc1 form of the verb I past participle By the end of the month I shall have.finished the novel. 10

1. I (work) as a civil servant from 1985 till 1989. For five years I (work). Since 1989 I (work) in a hospital. It is now 1995. This means I (work) in a hospital for 6 years. 2. I (smoke) forty cigarettes a day till the doctor (warn) me about the dangers. 3. ,,How long you (be) in your present job?" ,,I (be) there for six months." ,,And what you (do) before that?" ,,Before that I (work) for Jones and Company." 4. ,,You (be) to the theatre lately?" ,,Yes, I (go) to 'Othello' last·week." . ~- --·.··· ,,You(like}id' ,,Yes, but I (not see) well. I (be) right at the back." 11

5. ,,You (be) to Scotland?" ,,Yes, I (be) there last summer." 6. ,,I just (buy) a copy of 'David Copperfield'. You (read) it?" ,,As it happens it is the only one of Dickens's books that I (not read) I (not even see) the film." 7. Peter (try) to come in quietly but his mother (hear) him and (call) out: ,,Where you (be)? Your supper (be) in the oven for an hour." 8. Tom (meet) Paul at lunch time and (say): ,,I (not see) you at the bus stop this morning. You (miss) the bus?" ,J (not miss) it", (reply) Paul, ,,I (not miss) a bus for years. But this morning George (give) me a lift." 9. Ann (think) the garage (be) empty and (tum) off thoughts. ,,Hey", (shout) Paul from under the car. ,,I'm sorry, Paul'', (say) Ann, ,,I (not know) you (be) there." 10. When I (be) on my way to the bus stop it (start) to rain I (run) back home for my umbrella, but this (make) me late for the office. My boss (look) up as I (enter) the office. ,,You (be) late twice this week", he (growl). 11. When we (move) into our new flat we (ask) for a telephone. The Telephone Company (tell) us to wait, but we (wait) a year now and our phone still (not come). 12. Peter (buy) a new car last month, but he (not sell) his old car yet, so at the moment he has two cars.

8. I (go) to ask you to help me, but you (sleep) so peacefully when I (look) into your room that 1 (decide) to do it alone. 9. He (not keep) his appointment with you last Tuesday morning because at the time of the appointment, he (be seen) by the Personal Manager about a new job. 10. When the dog (bite) Mary again, mother (prepare) dinner and we (listen) to the radio. Mary (shout) blue murder and (have) hysterics again. 11. We (have) to go round the back door because grandfather (have) his front door painted. 12. I (see) that the Browns (have) a lot of alternations made to their house, but I (not know) if the parents (go) to pay for them. 13. I (walk) down the street some minutes ago when I (see) a curiously dressed man. He (wear) a sports-coat with black trousers, and one of his shoes (be) black and the other (be) brown. 14. When they (get married) he (find) a job as a caretaker on a large estate. 15. He (work) as a country doctor when they (get) married. 16. While you (listen) to the wireless, I (talk) to Mrs. Bell. 17. She (wear) green and it (suit) her very well. Her face (be) mildly pretty but, because she (cry) and mascara (run) down her cheeks, she (not seem) as attractive as I had expected. 18. When the news (come) we (have) supper. 19. When the latecomers (arrive) they all (have) a drink. 20. Columbus (discover) America almost five hundred years ago.

ID. Supply Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Continuous forms:

V. Supply the Simple Past or the Past Perfect Simple forms:

1. We (garden) and we are quite exhausted. 2. Look at the beautiful flowers that John just (plant).

1. She said she (finish) her work. 2. He suddenly (realise) that he (leave) his wallet in the train. 3. When he (tell) them his extraordinary story, they (be) sceptical at first, but gradually (become) more interested. 4. He (forget) to buy bread, although his wife (remind) him to do so before he (leave) the house. 5. The suspect declared that he (be) asleep in bed at the time when the bank (be robbed). 6. After he (explain) the situation, there (be) a long silence. 7. When they (look) everywhere for the missing screw, Joe (find) it in the tum-ups of his trousers. 8. When I (enter) the room, I (notice) that somebody was there. 9. I told James that he (have) no chance of catching that train. 10. I (not wave) back at him until he (wave) at me several times.

3. You (run)? You seem quite out of breath. 4. What you (do) with the map? It (disappear) from the usual place. 5. What the children (do)? Their room is in a frightful mess. 6. Somebody (use) my fountain pen again. 7. I (not have) to work at my translation yet. 8. Someone (smoke) my last cigarette.

IV. Put the verbs in brackets into Past Tense Simple or Continuous:

1. When I (arrive) at the cinema Mary (wait) for me. She (wear) a blue dress and (look) very pretty. 2. What you (do) when the rain (start)? 3. He (open) the door, (look) out but (not see) anyone there. While he (try) to fall asleep he (hear) the same strange noise. â&#x20AC;˘1 4. While we (walk) about the streets our4'1nend (work). 5. We (have breakfast) when Tom (com~ home. 6. The train (arrive) just as Peter (get) into the station. 7. He (recognise) the voice that (shout) the loudest as that of his landlady.

1. She (be) up for three hours when the rest ofi:he household awoke. 2. They all (look forward) to the excursion and were disappointed to hear it (be cancelled).

VI. Supply Past Perfect Simple or Continuous forms:

3. Everyone (pack) until the last minute and no time (be left) to take the dog round to their neighbours'. 4. Their hands were quite numb because they (make) a snowman. 5. Mark looked at his watch. It was twenty minutes to three and he (wait) since two o'clock 6. I (work) for about two hours when John came with a letter. 7. He (wait) for that letter for weeks when at last arrived. 8. We (cook) all day for the party and by 8 o'clock we still weren't ready. 9. He (hope) to find John and was very disappointed when he didn't.

VII. Fill in ~he blanks with ,,shall" I ,,will" 路o r ,,going to" form to express future: 1. What _ we do if we miss the train? 2. We _ _ havetogo. Youandl _ _ hayet~go. 3. Wetwo __ beabletomanageitquitewell. ' 4. We _ _ do our utmost to get the work finished in time. 5. You_ be wondering why I have asked you to come. 6. If you open that trapdoor you _ _see some steps leading to another door. 7. He _ _ meddle in things that don't concern him. 8. He says he __ n'tgo, but he _ _. 9. He _ _ sit like that for hours with a book in his hand. I 0. If you sit in the draught you _ _ catch a cold. l~:_!.jaye asked the children to try to be more quiet but it seems that they _ _ not - - , you go and ask them yourself . , 12. If you _ _ wear that ridiculous hat, of course people __ laugh at you. 13. I ~drnir~ him very much. Every day, winter and summer, he _ _ have an early mommgswim. 14. _ _ my secretary retype this for you? It _ _ be a little difficult to understand with all these corrections, _ _ n 'tit? 15. Did you remember to book seats? Oh no, I forgot. I _ _ telephone for them now. 16. Where are you off to with that ladder? I _ _ have a look at the roof; it's leaking and I think a tile has slipped. 17. He has just been taken to hospital with a broken leg, I'm sorry to hear that. I _ _ send him some grapes. . 18. We bought our new garage in sections and we _ _ assemble it ourselves. That sounds rather interesting. I __ come and help you if you like. 19. I've hired a typewriter and I _ learn to type. 20. Why do you want all the furniture out of the room? Because I shampoo the carpet. It's impossible to do it unless you take everything off it first.

vm. Use Present Tense Continuous or shaWwill with the verbs in brackets: 1. We have invited a lot of friends to join us next holidays as we (rent) a summer cottage in the country. We (take) our dog with us, so you (not have to) feed him this time. 14

2. ,,Don't forget that your brother's children (spend) the weekend here. I don't know how we (manage) with four naughty boys under our feet in this small house." ,,Don 't worry! I have an idea. We (turn) the attic into a playroom. Then they (be able) to play without tripping anyone up." 3. Alm has just phoned to say that she (catch) the seven-thirty plane and (be) in Cambridge by nine o'clock 4. ,,The Meads (give) a party for their daughter's twenty-first birthday. You (go)?" ,,I'd rather not. They're awfully boring," ,,Perhaps you (enjoy) yourself more than you expect." 5. ,,Sarah (sit) for an exam next week" . ,,Do you think she (pass)?" ,,I don't know. If she doesn't, she (take) it again at the end of next term." 6. "I (give) you a lift to work tomqrrow if yo碌 like." ,,Have you borrowed a car?" ,,No, I've just bought one. I (collect) it this afternoon." 7. ,,Where you (meet) your husband?" ,,We (meet) at the Opera House. He (take) me to see 'The Magic Flute'." 8. ,,We (leave) first thing tomorrow." ,,Don't worry about our meals. Everything's been arranged. We (have) breakfast on the train, we (lunch) with my parents, and the Meads (give) us dinner." 9. ,,When Jack (arrive)?" ,,Some time this evening." ,,And how he (get) here?" ,,He (come) by car ifthe roads are not snowed up." 10. ,,Look! I've broken the teapot. What your mother (say)?" ,,She (not mind); she never liked that one."

IX. Put the verbs in brackets in the shall I will + infinitive future or the Future Continuous: 1. You (turn) off the radio, please? It's making a terrible noise. 2. He doesn't like being met so I (not meet) him in the park, for sure. 3. Peter (not come) to my party because he will be away on a trip. 4. I (not have) that student in my class. She is far too noisy. 5. ,,You've left the light on." ,,Oh, so I have. I (go) (\lld turn it off." 6. ,,I've just been appointed assistl;Ult at the local library." ,,Then you (work) under Mrs. Brown. She is head librarian there. 7. ,,I'm afraid I've just broken your goldfish bowl." ,,Never mind, I (put) the goldfish in the bath." 8. She says that she (not lend) me the book, because I never give books back 9. ,,This time next week I (have) my first skiing lesson." ,,And this time next month you (lie) in bed with a broken ankle." 10. ,,But you can't go to a fancy dress in a dress Jacket." ,,Why not?" 15

,,Because everyone (wear) fancy dress." ,,OK! I(wrap) the hearthrug round me and (go) as a caveman."

X. Put the following sentences into the passive mentioning the agent where necessary: 1. Someone had lent him the camera just for the day. 2. They gave up the search after three hours. 3. They showed their foreign guest all the sights of the city. 4. Anyone with the smallest intelligence could understand these instructions. 5. They promised Jack a bicycle for his birthday. 6. We shall offer a high salary to a really suitable applicant. 7. He gave me some good advice. 8. They awarded him the Nobel Peace Price in 1998. 9. They will give him a very fine present when he retires. 10. They sent us the wrong parcel. 11. We insisted on punctuality in this faculty. 12. No one brought up that question at the meeting. 13. Fog held up the trains. 14. It was obvious that the parent had brought up the child well. 15. Her story didn't take them in. 16. They threw him out. 17. Don't speak until someone speaks to you. 18. I am sorry they read out the list of names. 19. People often take him for his brother. 20. They are putting up many buildings in our country.

XI. Put the following statements into Reported Speech: 1. ,,I shall ask them what they have b@en doing'', said Tom. 2. ,,I haven't found my bag yet'', said Sarah. 3. ,,I don't want to wash my face, mother", said the little boy. 4. ,,I can't think where my umbrella is", said Peggy. 5. ,,111e highest mountain in Britain is Snowdon", Mr. Holmes told the pupils. 6. Mary said, ,,the goldfish has jumped out of the bowl and I can't find it anywhere". 7. ,,Why is the shop shut?" everyone wanted to know. 8. ,,Who has left the banana skin on the front doorstep?" said my mother. 9. ,,~hall I ever understand women?"-iie asked himself. ~...., 10. ,,Does anyone want tickets for the cinema?" said Jane. 11. ,,Could we see the manager, please?" said the two men. 路 12. ,,Do you mind my smoking?" my fellow traveller asked. 13. ,,May we watch the television tomorrow?" the children asked. 14. ,,Are you sorry for what you did?" the mother asked the little boy. 15. ,,Can you swim a long way?" Kim asked Joe. 16. ,,Kindly leave your umbrella here, madam", said the porter. 16

17. ,,Shut the door after you, Jimmy'', said Mrs. Sharp. 18. ,,Hurry, Jane, or we shall miss the concert", said Jack. 19. ,,Do something, don't just stand about", she said to me. 20. ,,You must finish the work tomo1mw without fail, James", said the teacher. 21. ,,Please, please, do as I say," I said. 22. ,,Miss Jones, this is Miss Alien, Miss Alien, Miss Jones", he said. 23. ,,Have a cigarette", he said. ,,No, thariks", I replied. 24. ,,Could you come to dinner tomorrow night", said Mrs. Brown. ,,Thanks very much I'd love to", I answered. 25. ,,Happy Christmas", said Tom. ,,Thank you, the same to you", she said.

XII. Put the verbs in brackets into the right form: 1. Ifl (be) a doctor I will cure sick people. 2. You will work as a guide if you (study) foreign languages. 3. Diana won't be absent unless she (be) ill. 4. If the weather is fine Dan (ride) his bike. 5. He will get to her house if he (cross) the street. 6. They won't go to her party unless he (invite) them. 7. If you (be) a true friend, you would tell me the plain truth. 8. Ifl (be) you, I would sympathise with her. 9. Be sure someone (kidnap) your baby if you leave hin1 in front of the supermarket. 10. Ifthe dressmaker (make) this 4,:~s sooner the girl would put it on at the party. 11. IfI had a gun in my handbag I (De afraid) ofburgiars. 12. I will pass this exam ifl (study) hard. 13. Last weekend Mary was ill. If she (not be) ill she (spend) the wee!e-nd in the mountains. t.10 14. Paul got a poor mark in his test. He (not get) such a poor mark in {study) harder. 15. The teacher was angry with you. If you (take) my advice, she (not be angry). 16. We didn't meet Mary at the station. We (meet) her, if we (know) she was coming. 17. The fog was very thick. If it (not be) so thick we (reach) the top the mountain yesterday. 18. They didn't tell us where they were going. They (save) us a lot of trouble if they (tell) us. 19. Ifl (meet) Diana yesterday, I (tell) her about the performance. 20. I think it will rain tomorrow. What you (do) if it (rain)?

xm. Finish off the sentences: 1. If you don't understand ... 2. You wouldn't be so tired if ... 3. If they were here ... 4. What would you do if ... ? 17

5. If you had telephoned earlier ... 6. I won't go unless ... XIV. Complete the phrases below with one of the modals in brackets (can, can't, may, might, couldn't, must, have to, should, ought to, needn't, dared): 1. You (do) ... the shopping now; tomorrow will do. 2. Since she isn't here, I'm sure she (forget) ... about the meeting, 3. I was so surprised that I (say) .. : a word. 4. She (commit) ... the murder; she has an alibi. 5. The weather forecast says it (rain) ... this afternoon. 6. Before letting anybody else know about it, you (tell) ... your parents First. 7. He overcame his fear, and for once he (oppose) ... his father. 8. He said that he (fall) ... asleep at the wheel, but he really did not remember the cause of the accident. 9. When you (deliver) ... the goods? 10. Why didn't you come? You (come) ... at once. 11. Hadthe fireman not come, the building ... (to be destroyed). 12. The TV announcer said that the programmes ... (be changed) because of the P.M. 's press conference. 13. Who knows? The doorkeeper ... (to fall asleep). 14. Are you sure you saw Jane? You ... (to take) her for her twin sister. 15. He leaves the window open so that the cat ... (go out).

XV. Choose the correct answer: 1. He ... have done such a thing: it doesn't look like him! a)can't b)mustn't c)maynot 2. Look at the camera he's got! He ... be a professional reporter. a) can b) ought c) must 3. They... use their calculators, it's strictly forbidden. a)couldn't b)mustn't c)don'thaveto 4. You ... hurry, we can wait. a) bad better b) mustn't c) needn' t 5. I haven't seen him lately: he ... be on holiday. a)may b)should c)can't 6. How ... he do such an awful thing? That was a nasty trick indeed! a) should b)can c)could 7. I'm not in a hurry, so I ... take a taxi. a)mustn't b)needn't c)haveto 8.Youdon't look very well. a)may b)can't c)hadbetter 9. My little nrother loves presents. I .. . forget his birthday. a) might b) would ratber c) mustn't 10. I can't tell you where he lives, I ... list his address. a) may have b) must have c) should have 18

CHAPTER II 1. MULTIPLE CHOICES EXERCISES Choose the correct answer: 1. I _ _ her telephone number yet. a. found b. didn't find ? c. haven't found d. will find 2. I always _ _ at six in those days. d. gotJ.JP-a. get up - b. wakeup c. am getting 3. Mother _ _ little Bill of breaking the window. c. blamed d. told off , a. punished b. acx;used 4. He usually _ _ the bus to work a. gets on b. takes c. is taking d. goes 5. Because you are still in pain I think you _ _ see a doctor. a. should b. would c. had to d. should have 6. It seems that _ _ appreciates this film. a. the spectators b. all the viewersc. all of them d. everyone 7. The scenery is fantastic, we should _ _ some photos. c. make d. produce a. take b. do 8. A few months~ my family and I _ _ into a new house. c. m9ved d. were moving a. will move b. have moved 9. Sarah ca:nn.ut find her glasses _ _. · soil{ewhere b. nowhere c. anywhere ·.. d. everywhere 10. We were looking outside, waiting _ _ stop. a. for the rain to b. the rain's c. for the rain d. the rain 11. My friends_ _ television when I phoned them. a. watched b~ were watching c. was watching d. will be watching 12. Now that the flowers are blooming, the garden_·__ good. a. tastes b. is smelling c. are tasting d. smells 13. My sister won the _ _ for best photographer. c. price d. prices a. prize b. praise 14. I'll wai(untif'\:he teacher __-_me to go home. a. wiiCtell b. will be telling c. teils d. tell 15. If he hadn't helped his sister, she _ _ to fmish this difficult task. a. would not be able b. will not be able c. would not have been able d. is able 16. On _ _ Mondays Jane has pottery classes. c. the d. a a. b. every to reach that shelf. 17. Anne isn't a. as tall b. tall enough c. enough tall d. as tall 18. I Martin since I was ten. c. lmow d. have known a. has known b. have been knowing 19. She bought her car _ _ two years age. d. already a. almost b. before c. quite 20. By the time the train arrived, John _ _ to buy a ticket.

a. will have to b. had managed c. must d. will manage 21. She_ _ a word you are saying. a. don't believe b. doesn't believe c. doesn't believe d. isn't believing 22. _ _ a pity you didn't win the contest. a. There's b. There are c. It's d. That's 23. Do I need _ _ you that we have met before? a. for reminding b. to remember c. to remind d. to forgive 24. I will tell him your message as soon as I _ _ him. c. shall see d. will have seen a. see b. will see 25. I understood he _ _ to catch the next train. a. wants b. will want c. want d. wanted 26. It was _ _ nice painting that I bought it immediately. a. so b. such a c. so a d. such 27. I think the young man _ _ is speaking to them is Ronald Taylor. a. what b. which c. whom d. who 28. We have to go to the market _ _ tomatoes and cucumbers. a. for get b. in order buy c. to buy d. to getting 29. During her speech nobody could hear what she _ _. a. was speaking b. was saying c. were saying d. was talking 30. The police paid no attention to Barbara because she _ _ them so many times before. a. had phoned b. has phoned c. phoned phones 31. Do you like mynew _ _ trousers? b. pair c. pair of d. some a. two 32. Helen _ _very tired last night, consequently she went to bed early. a. has felt b. had felt c. felt d. were feeling 33. Right now he _ _ some presents for his children. a. buys b. is buying c. will be buying d. buy 34. Russell really _ _ in God. c. beliefs d. believes a. considers b. is believing 35. This is the man _ _ dog killed my cat. a. whose b. who's c. whom d. which 36. These tourists need a guide because they have never been _ _ before. c. strangers d. abroad a. foreigners b. outside 37. If she had not driven all day long, she _ _ so tired now. a. would not feel b. will not be c. will not feel d. should not have felt 38. Martin _ _ for Sarah since ten o'clock, but she is not here yet. a. is waitmg b. has been waiting c. has waited d. will wait 39. Sue cannot find her camera. Martin, -can she _ _ yours? b. lend c. borrow d. steal a. give 40. ,,What are you doing?" ,,I_ _ the soup." b. taste c. tastes d. will taste a. am tasting 41. They continued their climb to the top _ _ the heavy snowfall. ·. a. instead b. although c. even if d. in spite of · 25

;.·

42. They will arrive here soon _ _ ? b. they will c. isn't it d. won't they a. will they 43. Before Ben _ _ his name, I had m:~ver heard of that painter. a. bas mentioned b. mentioned ·c. had mentioned., d. mentions 44. If you want to pass this exam, you must wor~---. a. hardly b. heavy c. harder d. fuore hard 45. Who would like some more tea? There is _ _ left in the teapot. c. little d. a little a. few b. many 46. He _ _· to Geneva last night. c. fJew . d. flewed . a. flyed b. flied 47. If you're going out for a jog, take a bottle ofwater _ _ you get thirsty. b. even c. because d. in case a. for 48. Ifwe _ _ on this trip, he would join us. a. went b. will go c. go d. had gone 49. I do not recognise my _ _on this document. c. mark d. write a. letter b. signature 50. At th.is time tomorrow John _ _ on a warm beach. a. is lying b. will be lying c. will lie d. will be lieing 51. When I bought this blouse, I thought the colours _ _ forever. a. will last b. shall last c. would last d. have lasted 52. They need a large _ _ of money to buy this boat. a. pjece b. item c. number d. amount 53. I will help him ifhe _ _ me to. a. asks b. will ask c. ask d. shall ask 54. Monica has to go to work but she needs somebody to~ her daughter. c. look for d. look at a. take care . b. 109k after when I arrived at his house. 55. He d. will have left a. had already left b. has already left c. had yet left 56. The bridegroom is wearing a lovely new _ _. a. cloth b. clothing c. dress d. suit 57. After the trial the judge put her_ _ . c. at prison d. to prison a. intcithe prison b. in prison 58. As soon as they met they strongly disliked_ _. b. each to other c. each other d. each another a. one to another 59. She was so hungry that if you __·_ her a sandwich, she would have fainted. a. wouldn't bring b. wouldn't have brought c. didn't bring d. hadn't brought 60. You should know that if you don't _ _ smoking, you '11 be seriously ill. a. give up b. give in c. give away d. give off 61. The cat broke the _ _ , and that's the truth. d. cup of tea. a. cup for tea b. cup tea c. tea cup 62. I don't want to call a taxi but _ _ be a bus stop nearby. a. there may b. it may c. there has d. there can 63. These islanders often have_ _ weather in autumn.

a. a bad b. evil c. the bad d. bad 64. She pretends to be _ _than her sister. a. more smart b. much smarter c. the smartest d. more smarter · 65. Sue_ _ us now and she is waving to us. a. may see b. is seeing c. sees d. does not see 66. When she reached the door, the bell _ _. a. has been ringing b. was still ringing c. is still ringing d. had still been ringing 67. Justine thought she had won in the lottery, but of course she _ _. b. had c. hadn't d. couldn't a. didn't 68. You cannot see my house from here because there is a huge building _ _ of it. a. above b. behind c. near d. in front 69. I can run _ _ than you. a. faster b. more fastly c. quicker d. more fast 70. You _ _ agree with me if you don't like my way of thinking. a. haven't b. might c. must d. don't have to 71. Karen bought a large bro:wn_ _. b. slice c. loaf d. breadcrumb a. bread 72. He is very tired because he works eleven hours _ _ day. a. the b. for c. a d. by 73. The baby _ _ for twenty minutes now, can't you do anything? a. is crying b. has been crying e. has been crying d. had been crying 74. She was _ _ in the countryside,.by her grandparents. b. brought out c. brought up d. grown up a. grown 75. Gambling so much money is out of the _ _. a. question b. risk c. chance d. inquiry 76. I didn't know Martin was a friend of_ _ a. yours b. your c. your' s d. yours 77. Anrie was thirsty _ _ she had a cup of ice tea. b. for c. because d. so a. since 78. I'Li meet you _ _ the airport at 7 o'clock. d. on a. to b. off c. at 79. ,,What are you doing?" ,,I _ _ this material to see if it is cotton or not. ,, am feeling d. feels a. are feeling b. feel 80. She was home, _ _ she? b. wasn't c. didn't d. isn't a. hadn't · 81. Patricia doesn't like this kind offilrns, and I don't, _ _. b. either c. like d. neither a. too 82. She couldn't _ _ crying when she heard the bad news. a. help b. mind c. stand d. stop 83. I need more _ _ in order to understand the situation clearly. a. informations b. fact c. infonnation d. ti.mes 84. I _ _ in France four ti.mes. a. have been b. was c. were d. will be

85. If you had explained the situation better, she _ _. a. had understood b. would have understood c. would understand d. have understood 86. Richard prefers drinking tea _ _ drinking coffee. a. to b. from c. than d. of 87. I meet her every day _ _ my way home. a. in b. by c. at d. on 88. I lmow I can't trust you, _ _ your friends say. a. however b. whoever c. whatever d. whichever 89. Everybody was talking loudly, _ _ made him angry. a. that b. what c. which d. who 90. This time next week I _ _ lunch on the plane. a. will be eating b. will eat c. am eating d. eat 91. Joey _ _ three letters last Saturday. a. was writing b. was writting c. wrote d. written 92. I haven't found her phone number _ _. a. already b. still c. yet d. just 93. Non-smokers don't like to have smoke _ _ in their faces. a. blown b. blew c. blowed d. blowned 94. I'm sorry. I _ _ you before corning but I forgot your number. a. should have called b. should call c. must have called d. need have called 95. I was watching a film while my sister _ _ a book a. read b. was reading c. have read d. have been reading 96. It was so dark that the little boy couldn't see _ _ in the room. a. somebody b. everybody c. nobody d. anybody 97. Every building in this town has _ _ fascinating stmy. a. his b. the c. its d. their 98. Don't you _ _ that I gave you the money back? a. remind b. remember c. forget d. recollect 99. You are wrong, you are confusing me with _ _. a. anyone b. someone else c. other person d. some other 100. She'_ _ gloves to hide her bands. bearing b. carrying c. wearing d. taking off 101. Although Sarah came last, we agreed she had _ _ her best. a. done b. made c. had d. got 102. She _ _ the dog's back tenderly. a. struck b. stroked c. stuck d. stung 103. He is the only _ _to the throne. a. her b. hair c. heir d. bare 104. What's your favourite dog _ _? a. race b. breed, c. stock d. clan 105. He is mainly interested _ _ modem literature. a. of b. on c. in d. for 106. They decided to put _ _ Leaving till Monday.

a. on b. off c. in d. up 107. _ _ me to post the letter, will you? a. remember b. make c. mention d. remind 108. I am looking forward _ _ you soon. a. to see b. to seeing c. see d. seeing 109. She refused to help you _ _ she? a. wasn't b. did c. didn't d. isn't 110. I have never seen something like this _ _ . ~ a. again b. before c. then d. always 111. She always finds fault _ _whatever I say or do. a. at b. by c. for . d. with 112. I watched the plane take _ _ 'a. off b. up c. on d. away 113. They were heading _ _ the hotel when I met them. a. to b. for . c. at d. on 114. She has worked quite _ _ lately. c. hard d. tough a. hardly b. intense 115. The first _ _ went to the Russian team. a. price b. prise c. prize d. praise 116. The reason _ _ we are here is simple. a. for b. which c. as d. why 117. Tilis question is _ _ difficult for me. a. far b. much c. too d. enough 118. She ran fast_ _ not to be caught. a. so b. as if c. for d. so as U9,)We returned _ _ because our car broke down. a. by foot b. on foot c. on.feet d. walking 120. He was hired by a car _ _. a. society b. fabric c. industry d. factory 12J) Her room is _ _ the third floor. a. on b. at c. by d. in fn ..Whattime does the train _ _ London? a. go for b. leave to c. leave for d. leave at 123. She is late a. as usually b. as usual c. like usual d. like usually 124. He used to _ _ his living by delivering newspapers. a. get b. win c. gain d. earn 125. I hope you wouldn't mind paying for the room _ _would you? a. in advance b. in front c. forwards d. primarily 126. You can wait here _ _. you keep quiet. a. as far as b. meanwhile c. as long as d. during 127. I try to avoid _ _ p.:.ople money. c. borrowing d. depting a. owing b. owning 128. Several MPs _ _ to thePrirme Minister's plan. 29

a. opposed b. minded c. contradicted d. objected 129. She _ _ to us for help when she was ill. a. asked b. requested c. telephoned d. turned 130. I think I'm doing the right thing _ _? a. don't b. am not I c. not I d. aren't I 131. Your work has been very good _ _ this year. a. as far as b. by far c. so far d. so long 路 132. Her parents won't let her go on the trip unless she _ _ better grades. a. will get b. gets c. would get d. wouldn't 133. The prices _ _ recently. a. raised b. have raised c. rose d. have risen 134. Will you lend me the book as soon as you _ _ it? d. have read a. will read b. will have read c. are reading 135. Our team has lost again _ _ is a shame. c. who d. whose a. which b. what 136. We _ _ in the shade for a while and then started walking again. a. laid b. lied c. lay d. lain 137. The illness _ _ to spread around 1922. a. deceased b. diseased c. ceased d. seized 138. Do you think he is _ _ of doing such a thing? a. able b. capable c. suitable d. competent 139. We are about to leave so you _ _better hurry up. a. would b. should c. had d. have . 140. I this book for an hour now. ~reading b. read c. was reading d. have been reading

CHAPTER ill 1. WORD BUILDING EXERCISES

Use the words in capitals at the end of each of the following sentences in order to form a new word that fits suitably in the blank space. 1. Your behaviour is rather___, don't you think? CHILD

2. My sister is too __路 _ to get her driving licence. YOUTH 3. I went _ _ and I spent too much money. SHOP 4. 111e students' _ _ is very busy. TIME 7\ 5. Thank you for youidvice, it's been really _ _. HELP 6. They live in a nice _ _ of London. NEIGHBOUR :,<,. 7. John and Janet have an unllappy _ , t hey fight all the time. MARRY 8. I don't like his idea so I'll have to _ _. AGREE )\ 9. Mary has a lovely voice and everybody thinks she sings _ _. BEAUfY / 10. The _ _ ofthe village cqrne out of their houses to see the miracle. INHABIT' 11. Being the mayor, he is the most _ _ man in this town. POWER ,路 12. The plane landed safely at the local _ ' _ . AIR 13. Alexander promised to come at the _ _of the play. REHEARSE X 14. I have to talk to you_ _. IMMEDIATE 15. The parents find this sport too _ _ for their children. RISK 路 16. The article about this _ _ accident impressed the readers. TRAGEDY X 17. The soldiers were impressed by the _ _ of the enemies. CRUEL 18. Your mother was so __, you should have called her. WORRY 19. I keep telling myself that this awful dream was nothing but _ _ . NIGHT 20. A police officer confirmed that _ _ in this city is a real concern. VIOLENT 21. The _ _ of the citizens voted for a new mayor. MAJOR 22. Robert needs to forget this _ _ experience. HORROR 23. The confusion was created by a terrible _ _. UNDERSTAND 24. Stephen is involved in so many _ _ that he has no time for his family. ACTIVE 25. Helen could not give a reaso~ab!e _ _ for her violent behaviour. EXPLAlN 26. Climbing this mountain might be very _ _ for somebody inexperienced. DANGER 27. Artists need _ _ in order to produce something innovative. CREATE 28. These _ _ are too old and they will be demolished. BUILD 29. This _ _ performance of the dancers enchanted the audience. MAGIC 30. Susan can't thank you enough for your _ _. KIND 31. I noticed him immediately because he had a strange _ _. APPEAR 32. Mother measured the of the curtains. LONG 33. She always wears nice clothes and she likes them to be _ _. FASHION 1 34. Nicholas is famous now because he wrote a very _ _ book. SUCCESS 35. I don't understand why you're being so _ _ now, generally you are such a nice person. POLITE

36. Barbara doesn't like cooking, she relies on _ _ products. FREEZE 37. Jn court, nobody believed in Sylvie's_ _. INNOCENT 38. Lucy has a talent for telling _ _ stories. AMUSE 39. Pay attention! That might be a _ _ snake. POISON 40. The doctor had an optimistic _ _ on her face. EXPRESS 41. She is a typist and I don't think that is an interesting _ _. OCCUPY 42. You need specialised _ _ if you want to climb this mountain. EQUIP 43. I don't think_ _ is a quality in a man. PROUD 44. You have to admit that Christopher talks all the time and that makes him a rather _ _ person. ANNOY 45. Entering the cave, the scientists made an extraordinary _ _. DISCOVER 46. Jennifer has nice memories from her _ _. CI-ffi.D 47. The police evaluated the _ _ goods at$4000. STEAL 48. I don't think that there are children who have no _ _. IMAGINE 49. The officer announced they succeeded in arresting the dangerous _ _. CRIME 50. The American pilot was taken ___ by the enemies. PRISON 51. Jn this shop you can find a great _ _ of products. VARY 52. We bought new pieces of_ _ for the living-room. FURNISH 53. _ _ is his new hobby. PHOTOGRAPH 54. I am considering becoming an _ _ but I haven't made up my mind yet. ENGINE 55. My grandfather is a _ _ person for somebody his age. HEALTH 56. I don't like to judge people on first _ _. IMPRESS 57. I cannot help feeling great _ _ for her success. ADMIRE 58. Sue didn't understand anything of the difficult____, but in the end she liked the book very much. INTRODUCE 59. More and more people believe that there should be more severe _ _ in prisons for serious crimes. PUNISH 60. This _ _ tries to save endangered species. ORGANISE 61. Could you tell me what _ _ I need for this job? QUALIFY 62. If you are lucky, you will have an _ _ judge. PARTIAL 63. He prefers to live in _ _. OBSCURE 64. She was happy to tell me she has found a _ _ job. PERMANENCE 65. They have always liked__ PUBLIC 66. Have I told you about my _ _ journey? EVENT 67. He gave a rather _ _ speech. PROVOKE 68. Her mother in law is a very_ _ person. TALK 69. They announced their _ _ yesterday. ENGAGE 70. I had never seen her so _ _ before. ENTHUSIASM 71. He can manage. He needs no _ _. ASSIST 72. The _ _ of people enjoy listening to music. MAJOR 73. She trusts nobody. She is _ _ of everybody. SUSPECT 74. What he did was totally _ _. CONCEIVE 75. The doctor _ _ him that his illness was curable. SURE 76. Your skirt is too long; I think you should_ _ it. SHORT 32

77. She has great_ _ in her future husband. CONFIDE 78. Be careful. That climb is quite _ _. RISK 79. He acted _ _ and had to pay for his mistake. RESPONSIBLE 80. You know you can always count on my _ _. FRJEND 81. They all admired her _ _ dress. FASHION 82. He handed in his _ _ to avoid a scandal. RESIGN 83. I put the papers in the _ _ of my desk DRAW 84. The storm made mf\ _ _ on the sea very difficult. NAVlGATE 85. Their king was cruel and _ _. MERCY 86. The _ _. of his manners is outrageous. VULGAR 87.I'm sorry, butyourbehaviouris _ _. PARDON 88. This bank has quite _ _ offers for loans. FAYOUR 89. They will bury his _ _ tomorrow. REMAIN 90. Eating fruit after the main meals helps your _ _. DIGEST 91. The surgeon operated on him with great_ _. PRECISE 92. She had no _ _ translating the letter. DIFFICULT 93. Why do you need my mother's _ _? SIGN 94. Smoking in the presence of young children is _ _. TOLERATE 95. It was _ _ to see him dancing in his underwear. COMIC 96. To my _ _ you lied to me again. DISSAPOINT 97. We admired the _ _ beauty of the scenery. BREATH 98. I could tell her _ _ were good. INTEND 99. You forgot to put an _ _ mark here. EXCLAIM 100. The famous _ _ was sold at an auction yesterday. PAINT 101. He will buy a new car _ _ ofthe cost. REGARD 102. He is a brave _ _ leader. FEAR 103. Her recovery was only _ _. PART 104. The change was quite _ _. SIGNIFY 105. There was a movement against any form of_ _. EXPLOIT 106. She put her most valuable _ _ in a safe. POSSESS 107. He is completely devoid of_ _ to other people. TOLERATE 108. The _ _ you have just made may not be true. ASSUME 109. The young woman and her child made a _ _ sight. PITY 110. Her _ _ did not surprise anybody. REACT

CHAPTER IV 1. CLOZE EXERCISES Fill each of the following gaps with only one suitable word: I. I have known him _ fifteen years but I have never seen him so tired. I !mow be worked a lot_ week and he did _ sleep too much. Although he is 30, he looks ten years older. Last night I called him to see _ he was feeling but he had not arrived at home _ . I tried to contact him at his office and I was not surprised to find him there. When I phoned him, he_-_ typing bis report. He assured me _ he would go home soon. ,,I will call you at home _ half an hour and I hope to find you there. If I did not know you, I _ say you are trying to avoid your wife", I said. He did not say a thing and he hung_.

II. Kelly was climbing the stairs _ 路 her fourth floor-flat, loaded down with shopping. She was on the third floor_ one of her bags burst. _ she watched tins of cat food roll do~ the staircase, she heard a voice: ,,Got it! I'll bring it up!" Instantly, she felt uneasy. She couldn't say exactly_: bis tone was warm, his behaviour nice. He offered _ help her but she refused politely. Then he looked_ her and said calmly: ,,I realise_ you don't know me but I am your brother." She couldn't say____, she was speechless. Finally she uttered: 路~ do you mean?" ,,Let's go get a cup of coffee and I'll tell you _ whole story".

m. Yesterday I was reading my e-mails when I found the following message from _J__ friend of mine: ,,I've always__ __ superstitious and I was honified ~find a chain e-mail in my post at work this morning. -.!:.L fear of breaking the chain and bringing bad luck, I've sent you a copy - I cannot deal ----5. any more misfortune at the moment. Sorry to bother you." --12. my opinion, the stupidity of chain letters is equalled only -;-;. their cruelty. I think they are actually blackmail letters, threatening all _j__ of disasters if the naive recipient doesn't pass them on down the line of friends. But I don't believe in J things and I will destroy this _'._:::_just like the l 0 or 12 other chain letters I receive every month. IV. Anyone#_ claims they never lie is definitely lying. We all lie sometimes, 路L - different reasons. Occasionally we hav~ tell a little lie just to get with people. It just happens. More often 2_ you think.L fact, a recent study found we exaggerate the truth in as many as onef::_ four conversations. So, if everyone's lying, that must mean wei_ constantly being lied to. Scary. But everO_ expert liar gives certain signs he is~ telling the truth.

v. You must see _ we consider the movie of_ month, Harry Potter and The Sorcerer's Stone. Daniel Radcliffe is Harry, the young boy _ possesses 34

magical powers in the first adaptation of JK Rowling's fantasy ~hildren's nov~l. After learning he is, in__, the orphaned son _ a witch and a wizard. Harry JOms _ boarding school, Hogwart's School Of Witchcraft And Wizardry where he_ new friends and seeks the truth about_ parents. There_ other young actors who star in this magical adventure, guaranteed to_ enjoyed by all ages. Not to be missed! VI. Have you _ thought of winning the national lottery? I am sure that everybody has dreamt at _ once about a carefree life. But what is t~e real life_ the lucky winners? Let's be realistic - it can't be all luxury_ happmess. Aft~r the excitement of the tropical holidays and presents _ friends and farmly, the winners have to careful. Tuey have to consider how to invest their money in order to keep safe. Most of_ change their lifestyle and stop working. They love _ buy expensive clothes, jewellery and cars for themselves and for the_ they love.

VII. . Whatever your problems, there_ no point stressing. The_ way to _get back on track is to sit back and relax with a nice cup _ green tea. In _ Onent there is whole tradition of tea drinking _ goes hand-in-hand _ the Eastern way to relax. Eastern philosophy can be applied _ your daily problems. What bett~r way to reduce your worries _ managing your stress? All 1t takes ts for you to sit aside a bit of time, do some plannirlg and enjoy a refreshing cup of green tea as you do it. You could _ _surprised by the results.

vm.

I think you haven't met my friend Lucy. Well, then I must warn you that she is a strange. First of _,she likes bizarre pets. For__, two years_ she bought a boa b碌t she had to sell it three months_ because she didn't have_ space for ; huge snake. In ~anuary she got herself a baby crocodile. The mistake was that she not considered the fact that it would not stay a baby forever. Now she owns a horrible iguana but she doe,sh't have _ idea how to feed the animal so I advised her to get rid of_. IX. It was 11 pm and he went out of the house. Little did he realize it would be a

night he was_ going to forget. There was a gentle breeze and the sea_ calm. He started walking _ the shore, stopping every now and then to _ up a shell or a pebble and throw it as far into the sea he _. He looked up atthe sky and watched the hide behind a cloud. Suddenly, he heard a sharp scream. He thought it was a sea-gull but then he heard it_. This time_ was closer. He tried to see through the _of the night but it was in_.

路 Tue _ between generations is a very popular topic for debate nowadays: does it exist? What causes it? Can it be ,,filled"? The vast _ of people agree that there are differences of opinion _ youngsters and their parents. They _ a:gue about the _ they dress, their tastes _music, their friends, etc. However, _ 1s no 36

simple solution_this problem and those_in it should approach it with care. worries us the most is that many prefer to ignore these discrepancies. XI. I'm a terrible cook I've tried hard but it's no_. I've got lots of_ books, I choose a _ I want to cook, I prepare all the ingredients and _ the instructions. But, no matter what I do, the_ is the same: an awful meal nobody could_. So I _have a quick sandwich or decide to go and eat___, which, as you know, is rather _.No, don't get me wrong. It's not only the money, it's_ that I'm very particular when it comes to restaurants.

XII. To many people smoking is not _ a pleasure, it is an_. They need it, depend_ it, can't stop it. They often chain-smoke, _ means they light another cigarette immediately after they have put_ the one before. It has_ scientifically a proved _ cigarette smoke seriously affects those who inhale it and can fatal_, cancer. Measures have been taken to _ people against smoking and yet they continue to do it. XIII.

Freda and John Elms were neighbours of ours until about ten years ago. Tuey were a happily married,,_ with three children: Bill, Cathy and Tom. Bill must have _ about twenty-five at the time, Cathy twenty-one and tom sixteen. Bill left _ when he got married, but only lived a few streets away. Tom was the problem, though. He started doing badly at school_ he was about twelve, then he started going round with a group of boys that his parents didn't_ at all. They didn't say_ to him, though. They thought he ought to learn things for_. But it didn't work He almost_ talking to his parents. Then_ day they found a note from him on the kitchen table saying that he had __ home. XIV.

Before our first outing, the leader of the camp gave us a brief talk. 'If anything alarming_' he said, 'don't on any account, run away. There is a man with a gun to defend_ and you just need to do exactly_ I say.' We kept_ advice in mind in our expeditions. One_ there was a wonderful howling and screaming of hyenas, followed _ a great roaring of lions. _ the morning we saw a group of vultures _ than a mile away, and our leader thought that we_ investigate in case they were gathering over a dead_.

xv. Many students visit Britain every summer either as tourists, or to learn the language, or to do a combination of the two. If you're thinking _ visiting Britain, th~re are a __ of things you should _ ready for. First, _weather can be very changeable - even in summer - so you_ know what it's going to be like. It might be rainy or sunny, hot or cold, so you_ be prepared for everything and_ both summer clothes and warmer ones. 37

Don't forget that you_ eat in pubs and there the food is often good, varied and cheap, although if you're under 18 they won't_ you drink alcohol with your meal. One last thing: if you do come,_ a great holiday. XVI. We arrived at the hotel last Monday and_ since then it's been raining. You _ imagine how the children feel; they haven' t _ able to go swimming at __ and for the last three days we've been walking round and round in the rain and_ very wet. Yesterday we _to get tickets for a musical show and the children had a good_. We were hoping to visit the zoo but it doesn't open_ the first of June. If I had known _ the place was like this at this time of year I _ have taken your advice and gone to Spain instead.

xvn. After driving _ two more hours along a country, we suddenly saw the village _ the distance and soon we _ in the narrow streets. The only problem __ that we couldn't find anywhere to _ . At the hotel they said _ were no rooms vacant, but when they_ the children waiting in the car, they offered us _ small room which was _ occupied by staff. The two children_ to sleep in camp beds but they enjoyed the adventure.

_ and I thought I would be_ to the noise and the polluted air r had read newspapers and magazines that London _ become a lot cleat;er and that the famous ~ndon fog was just a thing of the_. Even nowadays it is i1n'possible to put out _washing m our area, because the air is _ dirty that the clothes_ to be washed agarn.

XXIL The position of women in Britain has changed considerably this century particularly within the last twenty years, and the _ _ change bas been toward; greater equalt~ _ men. Up_ the early part ofthis century a woman's _role was that of wife and mother. Even in families _ women went on to work they_ had to run home and look_ the children. Gradually it became accepted that women wanted to have their careers and the same pay as men for the_ ioh.

:xvm. Most fires start from _

doing something obviously careless: forgetting to

turn_ a cooker, or dozing off with a lighted _ _ . But there _ _ be other hazards

for your house you ha~ thought of. We asked a Fire Prevention Officer_ look round several homes for fire hazards - not only for things _ might cause 路or spread fire, _ also things which might stop you ~ escaping quickly. Plus we give _ _ information and advice _ making your home less of a hazard.

XIX. It all started Pete went to the bar and ordered two beers. The barman that he wouldn't serve him and, when Pete_ him the reason he told him that_ didn't like him and his friends, and they_ to leave. Pete denied that they had been _anybody and accused the barman of_ liking young people with punk haircuts. The policeman suggested _ Pete apologized to the barman, _ he did. Pete promised not_ make so much noise in the future.

xx. Sue smoked 12 to 15 cigarettes a day for five years since she _ _ 23. Afte thinking everything, she _ decided to see whether acupuncture _ be the solutioi She went _ a qualified practitioner and it cost 25 pounds _ session. ,,When went in, the doctor __ asked me why I was there. I _ him I really wanted h give_ 路 smoking, and that I'd tried lots oftimes_but he didn't say_".

XXI. For the past fifteen years I have been __ in the country and I only moved the center of London a few weeks _ . Of course, I have often visited the city 38

CHAPTERV 1. REPHRASE EXERCISI!:S

Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown so that the meaning stays the same:

.r.They came to live there two years ago. They ............... for two years. 2. Apn left before our arrival. When we ..........,..•. already left) ~ · 3. ,,I won't1be there because I'm having a party'', said Bob. Bob t.o~ llS .............. 4. Tom didn't foaveearly, and so he missed the train. If Tom ............... 5. The teacher questioned the boys. The boys ............... 6. The poli::;:e in Bucharest have arrested two criminals. Two criminals ............... 7. She was wrong to study so late. She shouldn't ............... 8. The last time Dini came here was in 1999. Dan hasn't ............... 9. ,,Did you do your homework last week?", asked Bill. Bill asked her ............... 10. Where can I change some money? Can you tell me ............... ?

B. I. I'll tell your rnotherl..ifyou don't leave me alone! Unless ............... 2. Despite the cold weather, we all went fishing. Although it ............... 3. I'm still reading this book. I! ............... yet\ 4. Do you need any_help with your luggage? Shall ............... ? 5. "I've lost the key and I don't know what to do'', said Jack. Jack told me .••..•.... 6. We didn't buy more bread, so we didn't have enough for lunch. Ifwe ............. 7. He will finish his house at the end of the year. His house ............... 8. Someone broke into the flat yesterday. The flat ........•.•.•.. 9. Did you manage to stop him? Were ............... ? 10. How long have they been married? When ............... ? b

c. 1. I don't know the answer, so I can't help you. Ifl .......•...•... 2. Don't run fast, or you 'II feel tired. if............... 3. Where is the bus station? Cotild you ............... 4. It's possible that Bill saw me. Bill may ............... 5. ,,I' 11 see you in the morning, Helen." Peter told Helen ............... 6. ,,I'm taking the 5.30 train tomorrow evening." Janet said ............... 7. ,,Why did you apply for this job?" asked the manager. The manager asked me

8. Someone stole twenty bottles of whisk from this shop last week. Twenty bottles 9. Passengers leave all so1ts of things in busses. All sorts ............... 10. Has someone posted my parcel? Has ...............

D. 1. Thanks, but I had something to eat earlier. Thanks, but I've ............... 2. "Does this car belong to you?", asked Paul. Paul ............ 40

3. Where is the library? Could you ............... ? 4. Without Ann's help; I wouldn't have been able to write the book. H ............... 5. Mother tried to persuade Peter. She didn't succeed however. Although ............... 6. Paul left the room a moment ago. Paul ............... the room. 7. I don't plan to sell my house afterall. I ............... 8. She started playing chess three months ago. She ............... three months. 9. "When I finish cooking, I'm going to clean the house", said Mary. Mary said ..... 10. They forgot to take~ map, so they got lost in the city. H they .............. .

E. I. They have elected a new president. A new president. .............. 2. One of the girls left this purse in the classroom yesterday. This purse .............. . 3. Perhaps John has lost his way. John might ............. .. 4. When you phoned me it was my dinner time. When ............... 5. "Do you like visiting famous museums?", asked Helen. Helen asked ............. .. 6. How much does this dress cost? I'd like to know ............... 7. You eat too many ca~es, that's why you are fat. Hyou ............. .. 8. It was snowing, but I went for a walk anyway. In spite of ............. .. 9. It's ages since I last ate caviar. I ............... for ages. 10. In the middle of my meal, the phone rang. While I ...............

1. ,,I like skating but I don't go very often", said Jim. Jim told us ............... 2.1 didn't go to bed early, so I didn't wake up at 7.00. HI ............... 3. We are rebuilding the farm. The farm ............... 4. People all over the world speak English. English ............... 5. It was possible for her to hurt herself She could .............. . 6. I started painting four months ago. I've .............. . 7. ,,When will you get back?", asked Joe. Joe asked Mary ............... 8. How do I get to the station? Can you explain .............. . 9. You press this button to stop the machine. H .............. .. 10. I like fish, but I don't like catching them myself. Although ............. ..

G. <·; 1. Father went home before we arrived. When we ...............

· 2. ,,Who did you go to the cinema with?" asked Paul. Paul asked ............... 3. Does this bus go to London? Could you ............... 4. Bring me 14.e book, and I'll give you a bar of chocolate. If you.......... . 5. I felt ill, bu insisted on going to school. Despite ............... 6. This is the first time I've drunk champagne. ! ............... before. . 7. I'm sorry, but Alice isn't here. I'm sorry, but Alice has ............. .. 8. The football match will take place tomorrow afternoon", said Tirri. Tom said 9. He cancelled his trip because he had run ou .of money. If............... 10. You need to go to Egypt to see the Sphinx. H...............

1. John didn't leave early, so he didn't get there on time. If ..........."".. 2. You need to study to pass thi:>exam. Unless ............... 3. ,,I don't speak Spanish'', said Sarah. Sarah said ............... 4. ,,lfI see him, I'll invite him to the party", said Mary. Mary said ............... 5. The arrival time ofBen's flight is 8.00. Ben's flight ............... 6. ,,What time did you get home last night?'', my friend asked. My friend asked

7. Where do you come from? Would you mind ...............? 8. I'm not going to play, although I know that I should. While .............. . 9. I don't remember his name. I have .............. . 10. We last saw Bob in September. We ............... since September.

I. 1. Calling her might make her feel better. If............... 2. Tom didn't wear a coat and caught a cold. If ............... 3. ,,Australia is a big country", he said. He said .............. . 4. ,,I'm not going on holiday next. week", he said. He said ............... 5. Are you free tomorrow evening? Are ............... anything ............... ? 6. They will announce the results tomorrow. The results ............... 7. A burglar stole my television. My television ............... 8. It would have been a good idea to tell me. You should .............. . 9. Oh no! My money is missing. Oh no! I have ............... 10. What do you think of New York? Do you think you could ...:..........: ?

J. l~·

The bad weath~r.~as spoil~d my holiday p~ans. My holiday plans ............ · , • I love people givmg me presents. I Jove bemg ............... 3. What time does the next train leave? Do you thi!lk you could ............... ? 4. Peter didn't make a shopping list, and he forgot to buy eggs. If Peter............. 5. They didn't turn right at the station, and they lost their way. If they ............. 6. I'm sure the girl didn't do it. The girl can't .............. . 7. During breakfast, somebody kno_cked at the door. While I .............. . 8. ,,I'll take you to the party on Sunday", said Tom. Tom promised .......:::.••:. · ' 9. ,,You can't park here'', said Ann. Ann told him .............. . 10. Bob has a different opinion now. Bob ............... his mind

H. 42

CH!\PTERVI 1. THE RIGHT VERBAL FORM EXERCISES

Put each verb in brackets into a suitable tense:

A. 1. I always (get up) at six in those days. 2. I (find out) her telephone number yet. 3. I know, I (buy) him a book for Christmas. 4. He usually (take) the bus to work. 5. A few months ago my family and I (move) into a new house. 6. I (know) what she (mean). 7. Now that the flowers (bloom), the garden (smell) good. 8. My friends (watch) television when I phoned them.

B. 1. I (read) a brochure when he saw me.

2. With the dress you (wear) you (resemble) your mother. 3. I'll wait until the teacher (tell) me to go home. 4. Ifhe hadn't helped his sister, she (be able) to finish this difficult task 5. I (know) Martin since I was ten. 6. The Nile (flow) through Egypt. 7. While Mary (try) to get onto the platform, a man grabbed her bag. 8. By the time the train anived, John (manage) to buy a ticket. 9. She (not believe) a word you are saying,

c. 1. I understood he (want) to catch the next train. 2. I think the young man who (speak.) to them is Ronald Taylor. 3. The police paid no attention to Barbara because she (phone) them so many times before. 4. Helen (feel) very tired last night, consequently she (go) to bed early. 5. Right now he (buy) some presents for his children because he (love) them very much. _11 6. While repairing the roof, Tom (fall) off the ladder and (break) his le~ Look out! There's a car corning! It (hit) you.

D. 1. They (spend) a wonderful holiday in London last year. 2. If she hadn't driven all day long, she (not feel) so11 tired now. 3 .The orchestra (play) a contemporary piece. It (sound) good tonight. 4. Martin (wait) for Sarah since ten o'clock, but she is not here yet. 5. Before Ben (mention) his name, I (never, hear) of that painter. 6. ,,What are you doing?" ,,I (taste) the soup" ,,What (it, taste) like?" ,,It (taste) delicious." 46

E. 1. He (fly) to Geneva last night. , 2. Ifwe '(go) on this trip, he would join us. 3. Yesterday when I (arrive) in Paris the sun (shine). 4. What (you, do), sitting there and (look) so depressed? , 5. When I (buy) this blouse I thought the colors (last) for ever. 6. I (never, see) such a good movie as this one, , 7. At this time tomorrow John (lie) on a warm beach.

F. 1. Justine (think) she (win) in the lottery, but of course she hadn't. 2. I will help him ifhe (ask) me to. 3. When~he reached the door, the bell (still, ring). 路 4. He (already, leave) when I arrived at his house. 5. Sue (see) us now and she (wave) to us. 6. Mother (tell) Bill to go t~ the <l5~R-sp since nine o.' clock, but he (not go) _yet. 7. She wa/s so hungry that 1fyou {Bnng) her a sandwich, she would have famted.

know you I (14. say) you are hying to avoid your wife", I said. He didn't say a thing and he ( 15. hang) up.

J. Here I am (I. reply) to your letter, which (2. arrive) three days ago, before (3. leave) for Paris. I (4. tell) yesterday that our university (5. send) me there next week for a conference. If I (6. know) about it earlier, I would have told you. Anyway, I'll ring you up as soon as I (7. get) there. By the way, I met Hilary Johnson who told me she (8. work) for the previous two months on the brochure you are interested in. I think she worked really hard because she (9. seem) tired that day. She promised she (10. finish) it in a couple of days so I'll send it to you as soon as possible.

G. 1. The baby (cry) for twenty minutes now. Actually he (cry) a lot recently. 2. Joey (write) three letters last Saturday. 3. The Browns (live) in New York when I met them. 4. I (be) in France four times. 5. If you had explained the situation better, she (understand). 6. This time next week I (e~t) lunch on the plane. 7. ,,What are you doing?" 路 ,;I (feel) this material to see if it is cotton or not." 路 ,,(It, feel) like cotton?" ,,No, it (feel) like a synthetic material."

H. 1. Non-smokers don't like to have smoke (blow) in their faces. 2. I (not find) her phone number yet. 3. The car (smell) unpleasantly because I Gust, have) the tank filled. 4. Ifhe (speak) more clearly at the conference last night, everybody (take) notes. 5. I was watching a film while my sister (read) a book. 6. She is sure she (be) famous in a couple of years. 7. We (not receive) any letter from him yet but we (already, get) a phone call.

I. I (1. know) him for ten years but I (2. never, see) him so tired. I know he (3. work) a lot last week and he (4. not. sleep) too much. Although he is 30, he (5. look) ten years older. Last night I (6. call) him to see how he (7. feel) but he (8. not arrive) at home yet. I tried to contact him at his office and I was not surprised (9. find) him there. When I (10. phone) him he (11. type) his report. He assured me that he (12. go) home soon. ,,I (13. call) you at home in half an hour and I hope to find you.were. Ifl didn't 48

CHAPTER VII 1. THE RIGHT ALTERNATIVE EXERCISES Choose the correct word or phrase underlined in each sentence: A.

a) Karen is living at I in London Street. b) Mary sits by I next to Sally in the physics class. c) I want to send this letter at I to Brazil. d) When I opened the box, there was nothing in I inside. e) Exactly by I opposite the cinema, there's a fast-food restaurant. t) We had a holiday in a small village by I near Monte Carlo. g) Paula lay down at I on the floor to do her exercises. h) We had a lovely meal in I on the plane.

B. a) I can't drink this tea! It's boiling I warm! b) Look at that skyscraper! It's gigantic I large. c) Jill couldn't drive any further that day as she was so tired I tiring. d) I love summer evenings when at last it feels cool / freezing. e) The first part of the film was really excited I exciting. t) That was the best play I've ever seen. It was fantastic I good. g) You look worried I worrying. Is anything the matter? h) We won't go camping until the weather is more boiling I warmer. i) If you feel bored I boring, why don't we go to the cinema? j) I didn't think you were interested I interesting in ancient history.

a) I think my school is just as good I better than yours.

b) There are enough apples for each I every one.

c) Paula has been working very hard I hardly. d) Could you give me an I some information, please? e) This is the best I better ice-cream in the world! t) I have been working in this company for I since three months. g) There are no I none eggs left in the fridge. h) The news is I are on in a few minutes. D.

a) Helen chose I enjoyed to learn French. b) I really can't afford I stand to travel by plane. c) Do you mind I want coming back in half an hour? d) Tina meant I suggested to buy some potatoes, but she forgot. e) Kate denied / refused opening the office safe. t) Bill admitted I agreed making a serious mistake. g) My parents decided I disliked to send me to a different school. h) I really fancy I like a trip to the country. 50

a) Mrs Davis taught us except for I instead of Mr. Taylor. b) We can either I or wait here, or phone for a taxi. c) Helen plays the guitar and also I too writes songs. d) There is a very cold winter in countries for example I such as Finland. e) Everyone in the team played badly also I except Sam. t) All the shops were closed, since I yet it was a public holiday. g) Jack studies and I both geography and history. h) The Peakworth tent is strong and waterproof, since I yet light to carry. i) Jane felt wet and miserable both I too. j) The shelf was so high that and I even our teacher couldn't reach it.

F. a) I live here I I have lived here since the end oflast year. b) Someone has just stolen I has just been stealing my bicycle. c) I'm afraid the last train left I has left an hour ago. d) Yesterday I lost I I have lost my wallet. e) Thank you for your offer, but I've decided I I decided not to accept. t) Take your umbrella with you. It's started / It started raining. g) We're enjoying our trip. We have visited I visited two countries so far. h) I'm standing here I I've been standing here for hours and I feel tired. i) This has been I was a busy day and it isn't over yet! j) I feel really tired. We went I have been to a party last night. G.

a) It was such I so a delicious drink, that I had to have another glass. b) Jack ate so much I so many cakes that he could hardly walk! c) Kate's offer sounded so I too good to be true! d) There are so few I so little good programmes on TV that I rarely watch it. e) I felt so I too weak that I couldn't stand up. t) We had so much I so many free time that we got bored. g) I waited for Mary for ages, and as a result I in the end I gave up. h) There was so much I so many rain last night that the roads were flooded. i) David was too tall / tall enough I enough tall / very tall to reach the shelf. j) I had so few I so little knowledge of the subject that I got zero in the test.

H. a) An old man who I which was carrying a suitcase, knocked at the door. b) The girl who I whom lives here knows my sister.. ,? c) The box that I whom Jean picked up had a hole in it. d) The winner whom I whose bike was an unusual design, won a medal. e) The girl who I whom spoke to me turned out to be in my class. t) The museum which I whose was in a beautiful building, was closed. g) A policewoman that I which we asked told us how to get there. h) The boy whose I whom house I was staying at was an old friend. 51

i) The last person which I whose pen I borrowed didn't g~t it back! j) The train which I who leaves at 8.00 stops at every station.

a) a portb) a door c) a gated) a doorway 15. I think Mauritius is my favourite .................... ...... on earth. a) place b) part c) spaced) room

a.) If you phoned I had phoned me yesterday, I had given I would have given you tht'

news. b) If you took / would have taken more exercise, you might feel I had felt better.

c) If Tim drove I had driven more carefully, be wouldn't have crashed I didn't crashed. d) If you had come I came to see the film, you would have enjoyed I had enjoyed it. e) IfI'd known I I would know it was your birthday, I would send I would have send you a card. f) If people helped I have helped one another more often, the world might be I was a better place. g) If our team had scored I scored more goals, it had won I could have won. h) If you would have worn I wore a coat, you wouldn't get I didn't get wet.

J. Supply the best word or words. I. The line you cross to go from one country to another is called the .................... a) frontier b) boundary 2. It's wide and large and it's often lined with trees. It's ................... . a) an avenue b) an alley c) street 3. Climb to the top of a hill so that you can admire the ..................... a) country b) land c) countryside 4. You have to drive very carefully if a road is full of ..................... a) angles b) bends c) comers 5. If you want to put up a tent, you'll have to look for a nice flat piece of .................... . a) ground b) soil c) earth 6. There are quite a few islands off the West ..................... of Scotland. a) shore b) cost c) coast d) beache) seaside 7. It can be very cold at night in the ..................... a) dessert b) desert 8. How many people are there in the ................... . a) cosmos b) earth c) world 9. An open place in a city, town or village where people like to sit. It's called .................. . a) a square b) a circus c) a place 10.You'dexpect to be able to buy fresh fruit and vegetables in.................... . a) a market b) a bazaar 11.Where you were born is your.................... of origin. a) countryside b) country c) nation 12. If we ask 'How long will you be in this country?' we are referring to ...................... . a) the country we are in b) some other country 13. Look up and you will see ......................... a) the sky b) heaven c) the heaven 14.It's often made of iron and can lead into a garden. It's ................... . 52

CHAPTER VIII 1. COMMUNICATION TOPICS 1. Travelling Useful vocabulary: t!ip, voyage, cruise, resen1ation, transit, connection, ticket, fare, timetable, announcement, route, itinerary, terminal, travel documents, visa: to trave(by)us, by plane, by car, by tube, by ship, by boat etc. Typesof travel: active I sporting, business, educational, cultural tourism, heritage tourism, safari, backpacking. Verbs: to travel, to fly, to sail, to hitchhike, to crash, to sink, to embark, to get on, to get off, to get in, to get out of, to take off, to land, to be on time, to be late, to catch, to miss, to book, to cancel, to fasten the seatbelt, to lean out of the window, to slow down, to speed. Possible topics to discuss: 1. Describe the place you'd like to visit. 路 2. I hear you have just returned from a trip to London. Tell me about it. 3. You are at the railway station. You meet an English native speaker who asks you the way to the Arts Museum. Give him directions.

2. Hobbies Hobby: an activity which one enjoys doing in one 's free time; it is a change of routine, attractive, interesting, enjoyable, expensive, healthy, relaxing, boring, fanny, dangerous. Useful vocabulary: books, films, music, sports, computers, animals, television, theatre, hunting, driving cars, playing an instrument, going to cinema, walking I hiki.ng_Lcamping, fishing, photography, sewing, knitting, dancing etc. Extreme hobbies: underwater swimming, diving, ballooning, hang-gliding, caving, white water rafting, racing. Collecting: posters, stickers, carrier bags, badges, coins, key-holders, postcards, shells, pebbles, stamps, napkins, matchboxes, pop star photos etc. Verbs: to be fond of, to be attracted to, to be keen on, to enjoy, to like very much, to love, to adore, not to be interested in, to dislike; informal - to be crazy I nuts I wild about, to be hooked on, to be dying to. Possible topics to discuss: 1. What is a hobby in your opinion? Is there any difference between a job and a hobby? Support your argwnents. 2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having a hobby? Describe one of your hobbies in detail (time, reason, satisfaction etc). 3. Describe a public figure (physical appearance, job, interests, free time activities, clothing style). 4. What is so wonderful about having a hobby that you would advise others to take one up? 54

~.Music To play an instrument: piano, trumpet, flute, fiddle, violin, guitar, viola. clarinet, tube, drum. Useful vocabulary: melody, band, singer, conductm~ musician, p e1fonne1 fan, composer, interpreter, vocals, hit, solo, chorus, album, lyrics, singll improvisation etc. Kinds of music: classical, light, folk, electronic, symphonic, pop, rock 'n 'roll, country, heavy metal, hip-hop, orchestral, rock, soul, jazz, rap, techno, choral, disco, blues, reggae, funky, opera, depeche, black music, gospel singing etc. Dances: menuet, lambada, waltz, conga, rock, tango, samba, break, rumba, rap etc. Describing music: romantic,forcefal, melancholic, lively, slow.fast, militant etc. Possible topics to discuss: 1. You have been to a concert. Imagine you are a TV reporter. Relate about it. 2. It's your birthday. You are having a noisy party at home. Your neighbours come and complain. Apologize to them and try to explain the situation. 3. Speak about your favourite singers or bands. What is your favourite music? Give examples and refer to singers, the clothes they wear, the music style etc. 4. What kind of music do you like listening to? Give reasons. 5. What would you do if you were a pop/rock star and you wanted to get rid of a group of crazy fans? 4.Food Useful vocabulary: breakfast, lunch, tea, supper, dinner, snack, pubs, bars, snack-bars, restaurants, cafes, open air restaurants, fast-food, bistro, menu, wine list, cheeseboard, service charge, bill, to book a table, cook, waiter, waitress, dish, meal, course, main course etc. Food: starchy (bread, cereals, pasta), diary products, fruit and vegetables, meat, fish, poultry, sweets etc. Drinks: alcoholic - spirits, brandy, whisky, beer, wine, cider; soft drinks mineral water, fizzy drinks, juice, lemonade etc. Adjectives: sour, sweet, bitter, salty, peppery, spicy, smoky, watery, dry, fresh, raw, ripe, tender etc. Verbs: to cook, to bake, to roast, to fly, to boil, to heat, to grill, to steam, to melt, to stir, to mix, to beat, to whip, to pour, to chop, to cut, to slice, to mince, to grate, to grind, to peel etc. Possible topics to discuss: 1. You are a vegetarian. You do not eat fish or meat but see nothing wrong in eating dairy products. Sustain your point of view. 2. Speak about what you eat and drink at mealtimes in a typical day. Then interview a partner about his/her eating habits. 55

3. Have you ever been on a diet? If yes, share your experience; if not, speak about your favourite dish. How do you cook it? 4. What would you say if you were invited to a party where the food is horrible in your opinion? 5. Some people consider food a necessity, some others consider it a pleasure. Motivate your choice. 6. "Fast food is an industry". Do you agree or not? Give reasons for your choice. 7. You are expecting guests for dinner. Describe the menu. 5.Cinema Cinema: the art of the 2rJ" Century; the moving image - true art in our time

because it's a universal art; it comprises literature, acting, stage, design, music, dance, nature, use oflight and colours. Useful vocabulary: actor, actress, star, stunt artist, producer, cameraman, director, film, movie, cartoon, thriller, comedy, honor film, western, musical, soap opera, script, cast, setting, sound technician, box office, seat, row etc. Verbs: to prepare the script, to build sets, to make costumes, to cast, to rehearse, to play a part, to peifom1, to star, to shoot a picture, to add the soundtrack, to subtitle, to dub etc. Expressing comments: positive - absolutely extraordinary, fascinating, amazing, beautiful, stunning, superb, original, interesting, amuzing, entertaining, exciting, successful; negative - completely unimaginative, boring, humourless, hopeless, alljUl, amateurish, predictable. Possible topics to discuss: 1. Describe your favourite actor/actress. Speak about his/her career as a cinema or TV star. 2. "The Moving Images" - either big screen or television. What makes a good movie in your opinion? Sustain your opinion with examples. 3. How does television influence our life? Sustain your opinion by pointing the advantages and disadvantages of watching TV. 4. It is said that spoken words tend to replace written words. Do you agree? Argue. 6.Fashion Useful vocabulary: blouse, shirt, T-shirt, skirt, leather skirt, suit, training shoes, coat, rain coat, dress, gown, tie, jacket, boots, pullover, jeans, anorak, sweat shirt, shorts, tights, uniform, pyjamas, beret, cap, hat, strawhat, top hat, shoes, sandals, slippers, stiletto heels, track suit, jogging suit, swim-suit, belt, braces, scmf, handbag, jewellery, necklace etc. Fabrics: cotton, flannel, denim, nylon, silk, velvet, leather, woolen etc. Patterns: checked, striped, flowery, patterned, plain etc.

Adjectives: cheap, expensive, ready made, tailor made, casual weat~ extravagant, simple, decent, smart, smashing, personal · look, stylish, cmrifortable, fashionable, oldjashioned, haute-couture, high fashion, up-to-the-minute etc. Verbs: to be trendy, to follow fashion, to set a fashion, to recycle clothes, to try on, to fit, to fade, to crease, to shrine, to tuck into etc. Possible topics to discuss: 1. What are you wearing at the moment? Is this different from what, you wear at other times? 2. When you choose clothes to wear, what is important to you? 3. Dp you dress according to your personality, mood, attitude towards the others? 7.Books Useful vocabulary: printing press, to print, publishing house, to publish, publisher, bookshop, bookseller, library, librarian, bookcase, book-shelfetc. Parts of a book cover (front cover, back cover), binding,jacket, blurb, preface, foreword, prologue, contents, volume, chapter, paragraph, illustration, epilogue. Kinds of books: poetry, tragedy, fiction - tales, fairy tales, short stories, sketches, novels (adventure, romance, psychological, science-fiction, detective, ghost); non-fiction - history, geography, philosophy, travel books, biography; anthologies, reference books - dictionary, encyclopedia, atlases, lexicon, thesaurus, catalogue; text hook, guide book, manual, cookery hook, directory etc. Possible topics to discuss: l. Speak about one ofthe books that impressed and influenced you a lot. 2. Describe your favourite character. 3. Do you prefer reading a book or watching a movie based on a book? Present the advantages and disadvantages of both of them.

8. Sports Useful vocabulary: basketball, baseball, tennis, football, handball, gymnastics, swimming, chess, cn'cket, wrestling, jogging, water polo, socce1~ horse riding, underwater swimming, diving, hang-gliding, white water rafting etc. Possible topics to discuss: 1. Speak about your favourite sport. When and why did you start it? 2. Do you have a favourite sportsman? Speak about his I her way of life and achievements. 3. Sports should be part of a healthy life. What is your opinion on this statement? 2. LANGUAGE BANK A. Asking for information •Excuse me, could you tell me ... •I'd like to know the way to ... • I wonder if you could help me ... • I'm not quite sure where ... 57

• This may sound a stupid question, but .. . • 1 haven't the: faintest idea what I where .. . • I've got a bit of a problem here ... B. Making suggestions

•Let's take ... •Shall we ... ? •Why don't we ... ? • What about ... + ing ? •What do you say if we ... ?

• I'm really very sorry,, but ... • I'm terribly sorry, I diQri 't realize ... •Canl...? •Shall I ... ? •How kind of you to .. . • Please forgive me if .. .

F. Paying compliments

:::. Agreeing I Disagreeing •Great idea! !think that's a good idea! •Yes ... ,but .... • Yes, but what will happen if ... • That's all very well, but ... •I'm afraid you don't realize that ... •Well, it sounds very interesting, but ... •Well, it might be a very bright idea, but ... •Yes, but the trouble is ... •I wouldn'tgo that far. Aren'tyou going a bit too far? It's easier said than done.

D. Likes I Dislikes • I like modern plays, going to the theatre ... • I love adventure fihns ... • I'd love to see this fihn .. . •I'm very fond of cartoons .. . •I'm very keen on old films .. . •He's crazy about pop music .. . • They think a great deal of American fihns ... •Would you care to go to a conceit with us? • I dislike classical music, hearing people talk about music. • I hate horror fihns, going to a concert. •I can't stand pop music. •I don't care for love stories (not so strong as: I don't like love stories) • I don't care to see fihns in which there are murders. • I don't think much of Italian films. E. Politeness costs nothing •Do you mind if ... •Would you mind if ... •MayI... • Would you mind+ gerund ... (my opening the window) •Would you be so kind as to .. . •Please excuse me for +gerund ... (bothering you) • I'm terribly, awfully sorry, but .. . 58

•You look great! • You look smart! •You look smashing! • I like your outfit ... •Gorgeous! • You really do look beautiful! • That colour suits you ... •You look absolutely gorgeous, my dear! G. Giving advice •Why don't you ... ? •You can/ could .. . • You should I ought to I might... R Persuading • You'll really enjoy it... •Don't you think ... •Perhaps you ought to ... • You really must I should ... • You're not going to let me down, are you? • Oh, come on! Just this once! •Not even for me I my sake? • I really think it would be a pity if you didn't. •But surely it's in your own interest to ... 3. EXAMPLES OF TOPICS FOR 1HE ORAL EXAM, 91H GRADE

1. How would you convince a foreigner to visit Romania? 2. Speak about the last school day you spent in secondary school. 3. You certainly have a favourite singer or group. Speak about him I her I them. 4. Descnlie your native town or villages' S. What are your favourite radio or television programs? Speak about one you particularly like to watch or listen to. 6. Do you remember a funny incident in your school life? Speak about it. 7. Which is the latest book you have read? Speak about it. 8. Television is part of your daily life. Does it play a positive ornegative role? 9. What is the latest film you have seen? Speak about it. 10. Descnlie the place where you like to spend your holiday. 59

I ANEXAI A. PROPOSED TEST NO. 1 FOR TIIE 9rn GRADE

r. Read the text and then choose the best answer to these questions or mfinished statements: He was a lad of eighteen when he dropped in London, with no money and no :xmnections except the address of a cousin who was supposed to work at a confectioner's. When he went to the pastry shop, however, he found that the cousin had gone to America. Anton Rosicky tramped the streets for several days, sleeping in doorways and on the Embankment, until he was in utter despair. He knew no English, and the sound of the strange language all about him confused him. By chance he met a poor German tailor who had learned his trade in Vienna, and could speak a little Czech. This tailor, Lifschnitz, didn't much need an apprentice, but he was sony for the boy and took him for no wages but his keep and what he could pick up ... Anton had, however, a place to sleep. The tailor's family lived upstairs in three rooms: a kitchen, a bedroom, where Lifschnitz and his wife and five children slept, and a living-room. Two comers of this living-room were curtained off for lodgers; in one Rosicky slept on an old horsehair sofa, with a feather quilt to wrap himself in. The other comer was rented to a wretched, dirty boy, who was studying the violin. He actually practised there ... Rosicky used to think he would never get out of there, never get a clean shirt to his back again. What would he do, he wondered, when his clothes actually dropped to pieces and the worn cloth wouldn't hold patches any longer. 1. Anton's cousin: a. lived in London

b. was a tailor

c. worked m a pastry d. went to America shop

2. Anton Rosicky' s native language was: a. English b. German C. Czech

d. Italian

3. Anton tramped the streets for several days because: a. his cousin rejected, him c. he was in utter despair b. he knew no one in the city d. his family had dropped him 4. The German tailor: a. learned to make clothes in London b. didn't need help in his job

c. lived in Vienna d. had much money

5. Anton Rosiicky: a. worked for the Gennan tailor b. got a salary from the German tailor

c. lived in his own flat d. had five children

6. The German tailor he met: a. rented him a room b. found lodgings for him in the city

c. accommodated him in his flat d. gave him a bed in the basement 60

7. Anton slept: a. in the streets b . in a rented room

c. in Lifschnitz' s bedroom d. in Lifschnitz' s living-room

8. In the tailor's house, Anton Rosicky: a. felt happy because he liked children b. had a room to himself c. shared the comers of the living-room with a student d. practised the violin in the room 9. The other lodger: a. could play an instrument b. had clean clothes

c. didn't disturb Anton d. did gym exercises

10. Anton Rosicky: a. worded about his future and thought the situation was hopeless b. didn't mind being dirty c. thought it was a wonder his clothes didn't fall to pieces d. wanted to go back to his country Il. Put each verb in brackets into a suitable tense: I come from a very large family, and recently my parents (1) (decide) that they (2) (spend) long enough living in an overcrowded house in Birmingham. ,,We (3) (move) to the country", my father (4) (announce) one evening. ,,I (5) (sell) this house, and we (6) (live) on a farm." So last week we (7) (load) all our possessions into two hired vans, and for the last few days we (8) (try) to organize ourselves in our new home. Yesterday, for example, my three brothers, and I (9) (start) painting the downstairs rooms. Unfortunately while I (10) (mix) the paint, one of my sisters (11) (open) the door. Nobody (12) (tell) her that we (13) (be) in the room, you see. So instead of painting the walls, we (14) (spend) all morning cleaning the paint off the floor. But worse things (15) (happen) then. This morning when I (16) (wake up), water (17) (drip) through the ceiling next to my bed. We (18) (spend) today so far repairing the roof It's not all bad news, though. The school in the village nearby (19) (close down) two years ago, and my parents (20) (not find) another school for us yet. ID. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same: 1. Mary: ,,Do you ever write poetry, Tom?" Mary asked Tom .•. 2. If you hadn't told me about Sue's hair, I wouldn't have noticed. Unless ... 3. Someone broke Harry's nose in a fight. Harry's nose •.. 4. He can't swim. He is not •.. 5. Someone has stolen my motorbike. My motorbike ... 6. Janet: ,,l'm taking the 5.30 train tomorrow evening." Janet said ... 7. Make me some coffee, and I'll give you one of my biscuits. If ...

8. Edward: ,,Did you read the article about the jellyfish, Julia?" Edward wanted to know ... 9. My sister isn't helping me because she is not here. If she ... 10. Jane won the poetry competition. The poetry competition ... 11. ,,Don't wake us before 8 am". They asked me ... 12. No one has signed this letter. This letter.... 13. It's possible for anyone to break: into this house. Anyone ... 14. They left for the South Pole early in the morning. They set ... 15. Fish and meat are the same price in some countries. Fish costs just ...

10. We should have tmned left. We've mis8ed the turning I We followed the instructions.

IV. Choose the correct answer: 1. This young teacher has been in our school ......... one year. a. since b. past c. ago d. for 2. We saw ........ in the mirror. a. ourself b. ourselves c. ourselfs d. ourselvs 3. Your chances of winning are ........ than his. a. best b. better c. good d. gooder 4. I realised they were ........ lies to me! a. saying b. telling c. making d. doing 5. Does your sister believe ...... ghosts? a. of b. with c. in d. to 6. I ...... like to see that film again. a. will b. would c. need d. could. 7. I ....... to bed now. Good night! a. go b. goes c. are going d. am going 8. We ....... cross the street till the light is green. a. must not b. must c. may d. might 9. I have just been invited to a ...... party. a. childs' b. children c. childrens' d. children's 10. Margaret Mitchel, who was an American novelist, wrote a famous n~l ......... . called ,,Gone with the Wind". a. who is b. which is c. is d. which it is V. Choose the right alternative: 1. What sort of work do you do I are you doing? 2. The winning horse was ridden I riding by Pat Murphy. 3. I think you had better I would better take a pullover with you. 1. We can't be lost. It isn't allowed I I don't believe it. ;_My friend Jack, who I whose parents live in Glasgow, invited me to his place. , Did you see I Have you seen my bag anywhere? I can't find it. By the time we got there, the rain had stopped I had been stopped. , If we find I found a taxi, we would get there before the play starts. Are you going to church I to the church on Sunday? 62

C) the wind was cutting his face D) he was conscious of his hare-lip 5) The hare-lip was bad for Raven's profession because A) it made him look ugly B) it made him easy to recognise C) it had been badly sewn D) it had made him ruthless

B. PROPOSED TEST NO. 2 FOR THE 9â&#x201E;˘ GRADE

I. Read the text and then choose the best answer. Only one variant is correct: Murder didn't mean much to Raven. It was just a new job. You had to be careful. You had to use your brains. It was not a question of hatred. He had only seen Âˇ the Minister once: he had been pointed out to Raven as he walked down the new housing estate between the little lit Christmas trees, an old, rather grubby man without any friends, who was said to Jove humanity. The cold wind cut his face in the wide Continental street. It was a good excuse for turning the collar of his coat well up above his mouth. A hare-lip was a serious handicap in his profession; it had been badly sewn in infancy, so now the upper lip was twisted and scarred. When you carried about you so easy an identification you couldn't help becoming ruthless in your methods. It had always, from the first, been necessary for Raven to eliminate the evidence. hare-lip - deformity (from birth) in which the upper lip is divided. In each case, only one of the four statements labelled A, B, C and Dis correct in the context of the passage. Choose which one it is. 1) Raven killed people because A) he was. paid to do it B) he liked taking risks C) he thought it was his duty D) he hated them i) Raven knew who the Minister was because he had been A) introduced to him 1 B) shown a picture of him C) told what he looked like D) present when the Minister made a public appearance 3) The Minister A) was popular B) was dishonest C) was lonely D) looked as noble as his ideals 4) Raven was glad of an excuse to turn up the collar of his coat because A) it was so cold B) the street was so wide 64

II. Put the verbs in brackets in the right tense: I was on time for my dentist's appointment, but the dentist was still busy with another patient, so I (1) ......... (sit) in the waiting room and (2) ........ (read) some of the old magazines lying there. While I (3) .. ....... (wonder) whether to leave and come another day, I (4) ........... (notice) a magazine article about teeth. It (5) ........... (begin): 'How long is it since you last (6) .......... (go) to the dentist? (7) .......... (you I go) regularly every six months? Or (8.) ......... (you I put off) your visit for the last six years?' Next to . the article was a cartoon of a man in a dentist's chair. The dentist (9) .......... (say): 'I'm afraid this (10) ...... (hurt).' I (11) .......... (suddenly realise) that my tooth (12) ........... (stop) aching. But just as I (13) .......... (open) the door to leave, the dentist's door (14) ........... (open). 'Next, please,' he (15) ............. (call), as the previous patient (16) .......... (push) past me. 'Actually I'm not here to see you, I (17) ........... (wait) for my friend,' I (18) ......... (shout), leaving as rapidly as I could. (19) .. ........(you ever do) this kind of thing? Surely I can't be the only person who (20) ......... (hate) the dentist. III. Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown so that the meaning stays the same: 1. I don't know the answer, so I can't help you. Ifl ....... 2. Don't run fast, or you'll feel tired. If ................ 3. Where is the bus station? Could you .................... 4. It's possible that Bill saw me. Bill may ......................... 5. ,,I'll see you in the morning, Helen." Peter told Helen ............................ 6. I'm taking the 5.30 train tomorrow evening." Janet said ................. 7. ,,Why did you apply for this job?" asked the manager. The manager asked me

8. Someone stole twenty bottles of whiskey from this shop last week Twenty bottles 9. Passengers leave all sorts of things in buses. All sorts ............... 10. Has someone posted my parcel? Has ............... IV. Choose the most suitable word for each space: Most people enjoy going ( 1) ... for their holidays, and having the opportunity to (2) ... in an interesting city or seaside (3) .... If you speak (4) ... languages, you can make new friends, and (5) ... home some interesting (6) ... as presents. But before you can do 65

that, you have to (7) ... your destination, and that is often a problem! If you fly, then you may find that your flight has been (8) .... (9) ... by train can also be difficult, since trains are often (IO) ... in the summer, and you might have to reserve a (11) ... in advance. Whichever way you (12) ... ,you can have problems with your (13) ... ,and it is often difficultto find good (14).... Apart from this, you might not be able to afford the (15) ... !

1) 2) 3)

4) 5)

6) 7) 8)

9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15)

a) out a) remain a) resort a) strange a) fetch a) memories a) reach a) waited a) Journeys a) filling a) post a) voyage a) baggages a) staying a) fare

b) forward b) pass b) post b) stranger b)take b) souvenirs b) arrive b) reversed b) Travels b) occupied b)chair b)travel b) luggage b) homes b) fair

c) abroad c) spend c) too c) foreigner c) go c) memoirs c) go c) delayed c) Voyages c) overdone c)seat c)trip c) goods c) lodges c) far

d) foreign d) stay d) one d) foreign d) get d) recollections d) travel d) booked d) Passes d) crowded d)position d)tour d) sacks d) accommodation d) fur

V. Choose the correct word or phrase underlined in each sentence: 1. Don't ask Tim. He doesn't know I not knows the answer. 2. When I was a child I used to ride I I was riding a tricycle. 3. Jack ate so much I so many cakes that he could hardly walk. 4. Although /In spite of the delay, the train arrived on time. 5. Could you I Would you mind close the door, please? 6. The winner, whom I whose bike was an unusual design, won a medal. 7. Are their I there any eggs in the fridge? 8. Its I It's a pity we missed the opening of the film. 9. We have to finish this project by/ until the end of the week. 10. The news is/ are on at 9.00