Professional portfolio full smallest by Chisom Okwulehie

CHISOM EZEKWO architecture portfolio

CHISOM EZEKWO GRADUATE PORTFOLIO l CICEZEKWO.COM COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY l MSAAD C/O ‘14

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE C/0 ‘13 BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN PUBLIC POLICY, PLANNING, AND MANAGEMENT C/O ’12

My agenda is to be culturally relevant.

CONTENTS

...of experiences 1

_ REALITY Understanding Cities

Kitwe Abuja

20 31

_ DISCOVERY Architecture as an Identity

Rio de Janeiro Johannesburg Brooklyn

111 159

REALITY

Understanding Cities The way we continually reconstruct and renew our built environment is a particular interest of mine. I have been a visitor to 16 countries and a resident of five. I have resided in the most sprawling of metropolises (Los Angeles), a self-sustaining, financially vibrant small town (Umuchu), a global city with an assemblage of cultures (Kuala Lumpur), a remote village (Siem Reap), and a city widely regarded as one of the most livable cities on earth (San Francisco). This has given me opportunities to integrate into other cultures, discover how they construct buildings, and understand how they view and study the professional practice of architecture. These experiences have engendered in me numerous debates of livability and forced me to question the development of the built environment.

2014 MAR Brazil Peru 2013 OCT South Africa 2013 AUG USA 2012 SEP-OCT Zambia 2011 MAY-SEP China Tibet Vietnam Cambodia Singapore Thailand Indonesia Malaysia 2010 NOV-DEC Nigeria 2008 JUN-AUG United Kingdom 2007 JUN-JUL Germany Canada

Adaptive Identity

..an orphanage for Kitwe, Zambia The Adaptive Identity Orphange is designed to house 200 children. Its purpose is to provide a social and nurturing environment. The orphange’s modular classrooms include operable doors to combine with other classrooms. These doors operate on 2m unitized blocks for expandability, ease of construction of local materials, and global replicability. The mission is to help those who are unfortunate. Often times, children who are parentless or born into poverty have no other means of getting an education, a warm meal, or a bed to sleep on. The Adaptive Identity Orphanage will provide the quality of life through programmatic spaces that fosters positive social interaction, effective learning, safety, and personal growth. Moreover, this project strives to make this typology extremely replicable, yet sustainable and affordable.

Date: Fall ‘12 [undergraduate] Critic: Eui-Sung Yi + Morphosis Architects Studio: “Zambia Orphanage” Softwares: Adobe Creative Suite, AutoCAD, Climate Consultant, Grasshopper, Revit, Rhino, Sketchup, Vray

+ MODULE

= GRID

MODULE GRID A SYSTEM OF 4X6 METER MODULES ARE ADAPTED TO A GRID

PROGRAM PROGRAM

(FLEXIBLE MEDIUM) DEPENDING ON THE NATURE OF THEare A system ofAND 4x6 meter modules PROGRAM, CONFORM TO THE GRID IN DIFFERENT WAYS.

PROGRAM SEPARATES THE LAYOUT OF THE MODULES TWOmodules TheTHEprogram separates the layout ofINTO the CONFIGURATIONS. THE “PUBLIC” VS. THE HOUSING. THE intoDIFFERENT two different configurations. The “public” vs. PUBLIC COMPONENT TAKES ON AN AGGREGATED, URBAN LAYOUT, theWHILE housing. The component THE HOUSING TAKESpublic ON A RURAL, SCATTERED LAYOUT.takes on an aggregated, urban layout, while the housing takes on a rural, scattered layout.

adapted to a grid (flexible medium) and depending on the nature of the program, conform to the grid in different ways.

IDENTITY IDENTIT Y

THE TWOtwo COMPONENTS ARE GIVEN THEIR OWNgiven UNIQUE ARCHITECTURThe components are their own AL CHARACTER BY UNIFYING ELEMENTS. THE PUBLIC SPACES ARE unique architectural character by unifying UNIFIED UNDER AN ICONIC, UNDULATING MEGAROOF WHILE THE elements. public spaces are unified HOUSING UNITS AREThe UNIFIED BY AN UNDULATING TOPOGRAPHY. under an iconic, undulating mega roof while the housing units are unified by an undulating topography.

BAMBOO THECOURTYARD COURTYARD BAMBOO

THE MEGA ROOF THE MAIN CRUX OF THE PROJECT USES THE ROOF AS A STRUCTURE TO CREATE AN IDENTITY FOR THE ORPHANS. BY HAVING THE ORPHANS AND LOCALS THEMSELVES BUILD THE STRUCTURE, THEY ARE ABLE TO GAIN KNOWLEGE ON CONSTRUCTION METHODS USING LOCAL MATERIALS, ISSUES OF SUSTAINABILITY, AND STRUCTURE.

THE BAMBOO COURTYARDS PROVIDE A SENSE OF INTIMACY FOR THE INTERIOR COURTYARD, AS A FENCE BETWEEN THE HOUSES AND THE CENTRAL COURTYARD. THE NATURALLY POROUS GRASS ALLOWS FOR NATURAL CROSS VENTILATION AND SOIL CONTROL AS WELL. MORE OVER, THEY DEFINE THE INTERSTITIAL SPACES THAT ARE UNIQUE TO EACH COURTYARD.

MEGA ROOF

HOUSING MODULE

POROSITY THE LIGHT WEAVE AND OPENINGS ALLOW WATER AND AIR TO PASS THROUGH THE STRUCTURE. AS A RESULT, THE HOT AIR NATURALLY VENTILATES THROUGH THOSE OPENINGS AND WATER TO NATURALLY COLLECT IN THE COLUMNS.

HOUSING MODULE TIN METAL ROOF

MORESO, THE APERATURES OF EACH OF THE HOLES ALLOWS FOR LIGHT TO COME IN AN ILLUMINATE THE SPACES BENEATH. THE RELATIVELY THICK WEAVE OF THATCHING USED TO WATERPROOF THE STRUCTURE IS COUNTERED BY RAISING THE ROOF UP TO 15 FEET TO ALLOW AMBIENT LIGHT TO COME IN THROUGH THE APERATURES AND FROM THE SIDE.

POROSITY

WOOD MEMBERS bamboo trellis bamboo louvers bamboo blinds 1

RAINWATER HARVESTING DAYLIGHTING CIRCULATION (PRIMARY) CIRCULATION (SECONDARY)

RAMMED EARTH

2 3

MODULARITY

VILLAGE THE VILLAGE

MODULARITY

THE STONE WALLS THAT DEFINE THE PROGRAM ARE THE ONLY STATIC ELEMENTS IN THE CLASSROOMS. THE LARGE SHIFTING DOORS COME FROM A NOTION OF MODULARITY, ALLOWING FOR FLEXIBLE CLASSROOMS, AND INFINITE EXPERIENCES AND SPACES, CATERING TO A DIFFERENT DEMOGRAPHIC OF ORPHANS FOR EVERY YEAR.

5 6

VILLAGES 1-3 ARE MIXED AGE FEMALE HOUSING AND VILLAGES 4-6 ARE MIXED AGE MALE HOUSING UNITS WITH A RATIO OF 1:15. THERE ARE ONE OF THESE UNITS DEDICATED TO HOUSING THE VILLAGE MOMS, TWO ARE DEDICATED TO TEENAGERS, AND ONE DOUBLE UNIT IS DEDICATED TO THE YOUNGER KIDS.

WATERCOLLECTION

HOUSING ON on HIGHEST PART OF HILL Housing highest part of hill

WATER COLLECTION

MAJOR WATER COLLECTION SYSTEMS ALLOW FOR NATURAL IRRIGATION OF THE SITE, BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY, ALLOWS FOR CLEAN WATER TO BE USED FOR FLUSHING AND WASHING. EXCESS WATER IS DIVERTED TO THE GARDEN FOR IRRIGATION.

Porous central courtyards POROUS CENTRAL COURTYARDS SLOPED TO BAMBOO GARDENS Sloped bamboo gardens

THE LANDSCAPE

LANDSCAPE

BY DEDICATING THE HOUSING AS A LANDSCAPED SPACE, THE CHILDREN ENJOY A SENSE OF PRIVACY NOT ONLY BY BEING ELEVATED 2 METERS ABOVE THE GROUND PLANE, AND DIFFERENTIATING IT FROM THE PUBLIC BUT ALSO BECAUSE THE TOPOGRAPHIC NATURE ALLOWS FOR THE EXPERIENCE OF CLIMING, HIDING, AND PLAYING AS A CHILD. MORE FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF THE TOPOGRAPHY IS THAT IT ALLOWS FOR DRAINAGE OFF OF THE HOUSING AREAS, PLACES WHERE IT IS MOST NECESSARILY DRY, AND ALSO PROVIDES MORE VIEWS AND DEMARCATION OF SPACES WITHIN THE LARGER SITE.

CHURCH (EXISTING)

SITE

THE SITE

ATHLETIC FIELD

THE SITE IS A PARCEL OF LAND THAT BELONGS TO THE TO LIVE A GOOD LIFE CHURCH AND CURRENTLY FUNCTIONS AS BOTH PLACE OF WORSHIP AND AN ORPHANAGE. THE MAIN CONSTRAINTS OF THE SITE WERE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL, RAINFALL, WATERCOLLECTION, AND FOOD NOURISHMENT, ALL UNDER THE GUISE OF HOW TO DEVELOP THE SPACES TO BRING A CHILD FROM THE GAMUT OF A BABY ALL THE WAY TO AN ADULT.

SCHOOL GARDEN ATHLETIC FIELD CLINIC

HOUSING CHURCH BAMBOO FENCE (SEE DETAILS)

ACCESS

ACCESS & CIRCULATION ACCESS & CIRCULATION ACCESS TO THE SITE FROM THE OUTSIDE IS ONLY THROUGH THE FRONT (RED DOT). THIS IS TO ENSURE THAT CHILDREN ARE SAFE FROM CRIME. A CONTINOUS CHAINLINK FENCE INTERTWINED WITH BAMBOO ACTS AS A CONTINUOUS PERIMITER.

HOUSING

TAF U

CIRCULATION COMMUTING SCHOOL KIDS CHURCH GO-ERS ORPHANS AUTOMOBILE

DRI

F THATCHING TENSILE WRAPPING CORD WRAPPING ANCHOR BOLT (SEE DETAIL A) CONCRETE FOOTING

THATCHING CROSS MEMBERS CORD WRAPPING ANCHOR BOLT (SEE DETAIL A) RAMMED EARTH TO CONCRETE J

7-1/2"x7-1/2" CONCRETE BLOCK DECOMPOSED GRANITE ON COMPRESSED EARTH COMPRESSED GRAVEL FOUNDATION EXISTING EARTH

REFERENCE COLUMN

A. Reference column

ATRIAL COLUMN DETAIL

B. Atrial column detail

EXTERIOR COLUMN

C. Exterior column

MORTAR FILLED BAMBOO BASE EPOXY SEALED CORD WRAPPING STEEL BOLTS STEEL PLATE ANCHOR BOLT

JOINT

CONCRETE FOOTING

WATER COLLECTING COLUMN

D. Water collecting column

BAMBOO TO CONCRETE DETAIL

E. Bamboo to concrete detail

BAMBOO TO BAMBOO DETAIL

F. Bamboo to bamboo detail

BAMBOO CROSS MEMBER

G. Bamboo cross member

1. CONCRETE FOOTING + UNDERGROUND WATER TANK

1. Concrete footing + underground water tank

LASH BAMBOO WITH ROPE

2. Lash bamboo with rope

TILT UP AND BEND BAMBOO

3. Tilt up and bend bamboo

ANCHOR BOTH ENDS OF BAMBOO TO FOOTING

OVERLAY CROSS-BRACING BAMBOO LAYER

4. Anchor both 5. Overlay ends of bamboo cross-bracing to footing bamboo layer

REPEAT STEP 1-5 IN THE Y-DIRECTION

6. Repeat step 1-5 in the Y-direction

BUNDLE BAMBOO + TENSILE RING REINFORCEMENT

7. Bundle bamboo + tensile ring reinforcement

CONNECT X & Y COMPONENTS

8. Connect X & Y components

ATTACH SECONDARY STRAW LAYER

9. Attach secondary straw layer

T.O. ROOF

2.539

2.5

GRADE

SECTION A

40 M

12 M

CLASS 6 18.72 SQM

CLASS 5 18.72 SQM

2M 12 M

CLASS 7 18.72 SQM

S4 CLASS 18.72 SQM

CLASS 3 Q 18.72 SQM

C CLASS 2 18.72 SQM CLASS 8 18.72 SQM

12 M

COURTYARD O

46 M

CLASS 10 29 SQM

CLASS 9 S 18.72 SQM

46 M CLASS 1 C 1 18.72 SQM

C CLASS 13 29 SQM

S 12 CLASS 7 SQM 18.72

C CLASS 20 2 SQM 29

C CLASS 11 S 18.72 SQM

S 19 CLASS 18.72 SQM

CLASS 18 Q 18.72 SQM

C CLASS 14 29 SQM

S 15 CLASS 7 SQM 18.72

CLASS 16 1 CLASS 18.72 SQM

E SPACE GREEN N WOMEN RR

MEN RR

UNDER PROPORTION UNDER PROPORTION

OPTIMALPROPORTION PROPORTION OPTIMAL

OVERPROPORTION PROPORTION OVER

TWO 2x3MODULES MODULES TWO 2x3

MOVABLE WALLS MOVABLE WALLS

ONELARGE LARGE 6x3 6x3 CLASS ONE CLASS

The size and proportion of the module are determined by spatial and acoustic factors. The final size and proportion of 5 meters not only creates an ideal size to house all the architectural elements and create spatially intimate unit, but also considers the optimal acoustic range within a highly dense setting.

THE 4x6 4 X 6 METER MODULES 2X3 GRID UNITS WIDE AND units LONG. THESE MODULES BE COMBINED TO CREATE A LARGERcan CLASSROOM FOR VARIOUS PROGRAMMATIC THE INNER WALLS OF The meter modules 2x3 grid wide andCANlong. These modules be combined to createNEEDS. a large classroom for THE MODULES ARE ACOUSTICALLY MODIFIED, BAMBOO WHICH CAN OPENED UP TO SPATIALLY EXPAND THE STUDENTS CAN OPERATE THE MOVABLE DOORSwhich THEMSELVES. various programmatic needs. TheWALLS inner walls of the modules areCLASSROOMS. acoustically modified, bamboo walls can opened up to spatially expand classrooms. The students can operate the movable doors themselves.

Capstone Stacked dry stone

CAPSTONE

STACKED DRY STONE

Pinning cemented filling Face

PINNING CEMENTED FILLING

FACE

Base molding Plates Slab underneath WOODEN Wooden flooring FLOORING

FOOTING Footing

BASE MOLDING PLATES

SLAB UNDERNEATH

WOODEN FLOOR Wooden for slab SLAB ON GRADE on grade

Flexible wooden rod FLEXIBLE WOODEN ROD Flexible wooden shutters FLEXIBLE WOODEN SHUTTERS Plates PLATES BOLT Bolt BASE Base

KITCHEN + GARDEN SECTION 2

12 T.O. Highest Bamboo Roof T.O. Lowest Bamboo Roof T.O. Stone Wall

Grade Below Grade

T.O. Highest Bamboo Roof T.O. Lowest Bamboo Roof T.O. Stone Wall

Grade Below Grade

46 41

49 50

52 51

56 55

65 66

69 72

79 81

86 88

87 90

92 91

A B

D F

C E G

H I J L

O Q S U W

K M N P R T V X Y Z AA BB

CC DD EE FF

GG II

JJ KK LL MM NN OO PP QQ RR SS TT UU VV WW XX YY ZZ

Continuous tar coating on CONTINOUS TAR COATING ON TIN ROOF,rubber RUBBER SEALED top of TOP tinOFroof, ALONG SCREW HOLES sealed along screw holes

WRAPPED BAMBOO BEAM WITH Wrapped bamboo beam ANCHOR BOLTS SECURING ROOF TO BEAM with anchor bolts securing roof to beam

ROOFING MATERIAL Thatch THATCH roofing material (TO BE SPECIFIED) LIP AND gutter GUTTER Lip and

BAMBOO MEZZANINE AT 220M Bamboo mezzanine at 2200m

Cement bonded bamboo CEMENT BONDED BAMBOO BEAMS WITH ENDS EXPOSED FOR MOSTURE beams with ends exposed for moisture Smooth faced rammed SMOOTH FACED RAMMED EARTH (HIGH CEMENT MIX earth (high cement mix)

StraitedSTRAITED rammed facade RAMMEDearth EARTH FACADE WITH EARTH PACKED AT 50MM with earth packed at 50mm

INTEGRATED TABLE Integrated sillSILLtable

Water resistant/high cement WATER RESISTANT/HIGH CEMENT LAYER layer up to 750mm UP TO 750MMmin. MIN

Rammed earth at RAMMED EARTH AT 100MM ABOVE FLOOR PLANE 100mm above floor plane Concrete footing, continuous CONCRETEalong FOOTING, CONTINOUS ALONG PERIMETER UP TO 100MM perimeter up to 100mm

Sloped gravel bed 1m away SLOPED GRAVEL BED 1M AWAY FROM BUILDING FACE from building face

POROUS SAND SOIL FOR BAMBOO

T.O. BAMBOO 1.7 T.O. ROOF 0.3

2.3

0.7 GRADE

T.O. BAMBOO 1.7 T.O. ROOF 0.3

2.3

0.7 GRADE

T.O. BAMBOO 1.7 T.O. ROOF 0.3

2.3

0.7 GRADE

Cultural Interweave

..a conference center + office building for Abuja, Nigeria What is the true meaning of global and local architecture? In order to address this question, I considered Nigeria’s history and culture of interwoven pottery to design the conference center and office building’s sunscreen. Back then, pottery making was the lowest in hierarchy of native handicrafts. However, pottery making always fostered a social environment where meetings occurred. Many of these goods were interwoven with natural materials and used to import goods or for religious ceremonies. Pottery was a women’s trade because of its raw materials, tools, and equipment were cheap. However, there is still beauty within these pots, especially when seen in their natural environment and the context of actual use. In this scheme, I wanted to ensure that art isn’t an isolated experience. The office building and conference center will be an installation of meaningful art within the urban fabric, where individuals can experience a fusion of spatial relationships through interweaving. In order to do so, an “interweave” through architecture occurs when architecture enforces the mixing. Date: Fall ‘11 [undergraduate] Critic: Steven Ehrlich + Takashi Yanai Studio: “Cities and Culture” Softwares: Adobe Creative Suite, AutoCAD, Climate Consultant, Grasshopper, Rhino, Vray

accessible from ro + friday market

50’ 15’

15’

30’

20’ SCALE

PARKING +

INSPIRATION Structure and its program reflect the Nigerian way of life and its culture. The sunscreen and its comfort expresses and accentuates the importance of art and closeness to nature.

restrooms

restro multi-purpose

lobby

gallery

kitchen

lobby meeting room offices admin. offices

library lecture hall

indoor + outdoor

[for highly populated areas]

exhibition

administration

[axis to nearby exhibiton areas to the north]

[axis to nearby businesses to the south]

learning

[access to adjace

[proximity to the mosque for sound control]

PROGRAMMATIC

1. / 2.

GALLERY + GARDEN + MAIN ENTRY

sstruture truture aalone lone

structure alone

LOBBY

sstruture truture oorientations rientations

ssunscreen unscreen dde epeend nde ent nt

NORTHWESTsunscreen dependent structure orientations

PULL PULL

pull

1. / 3.

OFFICES

ssunscreen sunscreen unscreen iindepe in nd depe epen ndent nden dent

TURN TURN

turn

OFFICES

WEST

sunscreen independent

STRETCH STRETCH

stretch

1. / 2.

GALLERY + GARDEN + MAIN ENTRY gallery+garden+main entry

1. / 2.

lobby

LOBBY

northwest

NORTHWEST

1. / 3.

OFFICES offices

WEST west

1. / 3.

1. / 2.

OFFICES offices

1. / 2. / 3.

1. / 2.

MULTI-PURPOSE multi-purpose

southeast SOUTHEAST

1. / 2.

LECTUREhall HALL lecture

1. / 3.

LIBRARY library

east EAST

1/2”R20 drywall R20 batt 1/2” DRYWALL BATT INSULATION insulation super six vapor drywall R20 batt SUPER SIX1/2” VAPOUR BARRIER 1/2” barrier code-board insulation super six vapor CODEBOARD TYVEC1/2” EXTERIOR FINISH

PARGING Parging Parging Parging

1/2" Drywall tyvec exterior finish barrier 1/2” code-board Glazed tyvec exterior finish vinyl NEW GLAZED, NewDOUBLE double glazed, VINYLcasement CASEMENT WINDOW units. New doublewindow glazed, vinyl window UNITS. UNLESS OTHERWISE Unless otherwise noted. casement window units. NOTED. 5/8" T&G Unless otherwise noted. Plywood on 5/8” T&G PLYWOOD 5/8” T&G plywood on ON 2”X10”5/8” JOISTS 2”x10” joists @ 16”o.c. T&G plywood on 2"x10" joists @ 16”O.C.2”x10” joists @ 16”o.c.

Provide a bead of silicone

Silicone caulking gypsum board between

PROVIDE A BEAD OF SILICONE caulking between the vapor bead of silicone CAULKINGProvide BETWEENa THE VAPOUR barrier and window tovapor create between the BARRIER caulking AND WINDOW TO CREATE a good air seal priortotocreate barrier and window A GOOD AIR SEAL PRIOR TO GYPSUM BOARD agypsum board good air seal prior to

10” fast-form

10" FASTFORM 10” fast-form foundation wall FOUNDATION WALL

10"foundation fast wallform Foundation wall @ exterior FOUNDATION WALL @ EXTERIORwall @wall Foundation exterior 1’=1’-0” foundation 1”=1’-0” 1’=1’-0”

West + East

Southeast

Northwest

+ East Southeast Southeast Northwest Northwest WEST West ++EAST SOUTHEAST NORTHWEST West East

03 03

Flashing and membrane Flashing and membrane Parapet Flashing and membrane Parapet Parapet

Steel angle Continuous 2”x2”x1/4” steel angle 2”x2”x1/4” 24"Continuous steel angleto bear on 24”OWSJ OWSJ 24” steelOWSJ beamto bear on W shape column steel beam W shape column W shape column architectural 8" 8”8”concrete architectural architectural block concrete block concrete block

CULTURAL INTERWEAVE l ABUJA, NIGERIA CULTURAL INTERWEAVE l ABUJA, NIGERIA [supervised by Steven Ehrlich Architects] [supervised by Steven Ehrlich Architects] 7KH RIÀFH EXLOGLQJ DQG FRQIHUHQFH FHQWHU ZLOO EH DQ 7KH RIÀFH EXLOGLQJ DQG FRQIHUHQFH FHQWHU ZLOO EH DQ installation of meaningful art within the urban fabric, installation of meaningful art within the urban fabric, ZKHUH LQGLYLGXDOV FDQ H[SHULHQFH D IXVLRQ RI VSDWLDO ZKHUH LQGLYLGXDOV FDQ H[SHULHQFH D IXVLRQ RI VSDWLDO relationships through interweaving. relationships through interweaving.

Roof

24" 24” OWSJOWSJ 24” OWSJ shape W shape W column and W shape column and steel beam steel beam column and steel beam

4 ply built-up roofing felt and gravel / 1/2" fiber board rigid insulation, vapor barrier, steel deck Typical Roof Construction: 4 ply built-up roofing framing Typical Roofand Construction: Roof drain Felt gravelroofing 4 plyand built-up 1/2” fibergravel board Felt and Rigid insulation 1/2” fiber board(R10) Rigid insulation Vapor barrier (R10) Vapordeck barrier Steel and framing Steel deck and framing

Steel angle Steel angle to the Steel angle the OWSJ to newtoHSS OWSJ to newto HSS tie OWSJ column column to new HSS column

Roof drain

Slope to drain Slope to drain

Roof drain Slope to drain

INTERWEAVE l ABUJA, NIGERIA 03 CULTURAL [supervised by Steven Ehrlich Architects] 7KH RIÀFH EXLOGLQJ DQG FRQIHUHQFH FHQWHU ZLOO EH DQ installation of meaningful art within the urban fabric, ZKHUH LQGLYLGXDOV FDQ H[SHULHQFH D IXVLRQ RI VSDWLDO relationships through interweaving.

[ Materials: 1/8” plywood + 1/8” acrylic ] [physical model] physical model

DISCOVERY

Architecture as an Identity There is a current trend to criticize what modern architecture should look like. We acknowledge the fact that, during the global building boom of the last decade, western architects were continuously hired to design in countries with very different cultures and architectural traditions. As economies surged in places as diverse as China, United Arab Emirates and India, top American and European firms took the lead in creating large-scale public buildings. Today the skylines and urban fabrics of Shanghai, Dubai and Bombay bear the imprint of these international architectural “brands”. This brings into question on how should architects-in-training prepare themselves to address design challenges anywhere in the world? Should they evolve an architectural vocabulary that “work” in any context? Or should they design in response to specificities of site, culture, climate, and local materials? Should a building in Beijing look like a building in Boston? The design problem presented challenges for me to explore a design solution that is simultaneous local and global, contemporary and mindful of the past. I ask what is culturally and socially appropriate so that the buildings I create will resonate with meaning.

Jewel

... something that has value RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL The Jewel --- a person or thing that is treasured, esteemed, or indispensable. An ornamental structural piece, that conveys an “international style”. Back then ornament was forbidden, here ornament is encouraged. However, the ornament is not to define the program, but a way to show expression. In essence, an urban identity.

Date: Spring ‘14 [graduate] Critic: Galia Solomonoff Studio: “RIO, IDENTI-CITY - Producing Identity driven Architecture” Softwares: Adobe Creative Suite, AutoCAD, Climate Consultant, Ecotect, Flamingo, Grasshopper, Microsoft Excel, Rhino, Vray 34 34

RIO DE JANEIRO

Why gentrification? To me, the favelas have a value..

What is appropriate social

housing?

VS.

Mass Housing in Ixtapaluca, Mexico There has been a prevailing way to build in South America, in which people do not want to move into. It is essential to break the traditional form of homogeneous, suburban-like social housing into one that represents the specific context and residentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; identity.

Morro da ProvidĂŞncia Favela in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil These slums intrigue me in the way that they have come together with no real sense of plan. However, when analyzing them you begin to understand what works and what does not in terms of structure.

The favelas should be seen as a vertical neighborhood as a way to signify permanence and to influence the surrounding neighborhoods... Basically to rethink the ideal design for an apartment building by using the qualities of the favela and funding from the government. This subsidized housing is to last as a monument, but to remain flexible.

High-rise typology

isolated block

double blocks

grouped blocks

elongated block

perforated block

stacked unit block

reasoning..

Morro da Providência, the first favela in Brazil, is located in between the neighborhoods of Santo Cristo and Gamboa in the waterfront city of Brazil’s Rio de Janeiro. A failed promise made by the government to provide housing for their soldiers of the Straws of War in 1897, in which these soldiers resorted to this hill and created their own housing. More than a century later, this phenomenon of self-organizing a place to live, due to the government’s negligence, has spread like a plague across Brazil. There has been a social stigmatism behind the meaning of a favela... a slum. In the current events of gentrification, due to the World Cup and Olympics, I am aiming to minimize displacement of those who live in these favelas, while attempting to better the conditions

in the area. I believe that favelas shouldn’t be viewed as cancers to cities and society, but rather treasured. As for my intervention, I did not want to design the typical highrise building, but instead use what is already there in the favelas -stacked unit blocks. I don’t intend to the favela again, but to draw on its values principles and strategies in the design process. It’s just essential to understand the complexities and eventually draw on the characteristics that give the favelas their qualities and uniqueness. In respect to their social and cultural heritage, the funding is derived from Brazil’s CEPACs (75% for social heritage, 25% for infrastructure). These CEPACs are certificates of additional construction potential bonds which would be sold to the public.

CURRENT CONDITION: Morro da ProvidĂŞncia Favela The dwelling organization in a favela in many ways resembled self-organization patterns. Favelas tend to cluster around primary access and use available roofs for new units.

HOMES TO BE DEMOLISHED Infrastructure Safety Roads

_ Displacement for the 2014 World Cup and 2016 Olympics _ 60% of the current residents work at the Moinho Fluminense _ 67% of 4,094 residents are facing eviction for the new cable car system aimed for tourism _ 813,

900sf have been notified _ 415, 650sf are officially mapped

NEIGHBORHOODS

Infrastructure Safety Roads

_ The funding from the CEPAC will allow new housing for the displaced residents to remain in their neighborhood. _ 25% for infrastructure _

75%

for social heritage

SITE RE-ORGANIZATION

identify [ marked homes ]

isolate [ neighborhood blocks ]

replace [ housing typology ]

JEWELS SITE PLAN In the name of the future, Rio is destroying its past. Therefore, my attempt is to blend in with the original landscape by reclaiming the value behind Morro da ProvidĂŞncia Favela.

SYSTEM + STACKING: Existing vs. Proposed [ Housing Typology ] City blocks consist of different housing schemes, which tend to be built upon one another to accommodate a growth of a family even though a foundation is nonexistent. Although these homes lack appropriate structure, they are constantly changing, reshuffling based on their own rules and cultural codes.

It is essential to acknowledge this housing typology in order to facilitate the type of community that the inhabitants are used to. However, they lacked additional square footage and private outdoor spaces, which I incorporated onto the existing housing typology.

SYSTEM + STACKING: Typology Evolution Social spaces [ e.g. AfroReggae, art workshops, Qulombo Pedra Do Sol ]

Hybridizing these typologies will create a dynamic and efficient urban condition, while the use of materiality represents the diverse identities of the inhabitants.

individual house

attached houses

individual house with courtyard

folded row houses

individual house on stilts

attached houses on stilts

attached houses around a courtyard

row houses

row houses with courtyard

stacked houses

stepped individual houses

stepped row houses

stacked individual / attached houses on stilts

stacked row houses on stilts

stepped individual houses on stilts

SYSTEM + STACKING: Understanding the Topography In order to access these neighborhoods, it is a must to understand the topography due to the number of cases of landslides.

SYSTEM + STACKING: Understanding the Topography

The topography allows opportunities for both horizontal and vertical interventions because it consists of three conditions:

[n]

[w]

1. low 2. medium 3. high

low condition

[n]

[w]

medium condition

[n]

[w]

high condition

SYSTEM + STACKING: Understanding the Topography These “floating boxes” of different conditions have different interactions with the landscape.

Topography

low

medium

high

low

medium

high

Circulation

Views

low

medium

high

Materials / Structure

[ heavy ] low

[ medium ] medium

[ light ] high

SYSTEM + STACKING: Section

c. a./b.

low [a.]

medium [b.]

high [c.]

SYSTEM + STACKING: Section

[a.]

[b.] 71

System + Stacking: Section

FLEXIBILITY + MONUMENTAL: Typology

FLEXIBILITY + MONUMENTAL: Section Series The modular units are arranged around the central core of the building. The constellation of the pixels allows flexibility in function that can be transformed by the growth of a family.

FLEXIBILITY + MONUMENTAL: Construction Exposed rebars in an anticipation for someone to move in the towers.

piles foundation

raft foundation

1’ / 0.3m concrete columns

8” / 0.2m steel columns + bracing

main core

light-weight concrete pre-fab slab system

light-weight concrete pre-fab walls w/ roof cable connection

FLEXIBILITY + MONUMENTAL: Density

5 years 13 units 12,220sf / 1,135.3sm

10 years 36 units 33,840sf / 3,143.8sm

15 years 55 units 51,700sf / 4,803.1sm

20 years 77 units 72,380sf / 6,724.3sm

25 years 92 units 86,480sf / 8,034.3sm

30 years 110 units 103,400sf / 9,606.2sm

FLEXIBILITY + MONUMENTAL: Environmental Design wind

long rectangle

square

L - shaped

rectangle

strengthen the corners

low = masonry

medium = beams

high = cables

FLEXIBILITY + MONUMENTAL: Environmental Design wind

row planning creates wind

zig-zag planning avoids wind 92

8’ x 8’ / 2.4m x 2.4m grid system [plan + section]

FLEXIBILITY + MONUMENTAL: Modularity Possibilities These spaces will allow flexible solutions for family growth in regards to the efficient housing typologies that rely on its own rules and cultural codes. For instance, the patio will always be adjacent to the kitchen and living room to foster social urbanism and spatial proximity.

8’ x 8’ / 2.4m x 2.4m grid system [ plan + section ]

32’ x 48’ / 9.8m x 14.6m

24’ x 40’ / 7.3m x 12.2m [ core floor plan ]

32’ x 40’ / 9.8m x 12.2m

[ Material: 1/8â&#x20AC;? acrylic ] 95

PERFORMANCE: Materiality The Cobogó, n. Special concrete block still widely used within Brazil. These decorative and patterned bricks are structural and provides shading, ventilation, lighting and a modular system.

12” x 4” x 12” / 0.3m x 0.1m x 0.3m

PERFORMANCE: Sustainability

structure

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stairwell

elevators pathways stairs

circulation

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PERFORMANCE: Sustainability

pre-fab slabs

terraces

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Cobog贸 wind tower

ventilation [ concrete bricks ]

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PERFORMANCE: Sustainability

glass skylight

ventilation [ glass ]

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natural light

105

These favelas will no longer be seen as an unworthy form of development, but rather a treasured spatial neighborhood.

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108

Architecture can only be enacted through the expression of others ...

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Eco-Bin ... everybody’s trash bin

JOHANNESBURG, SOUTH AFRICA Civilians, especially among the poor, face many barriers when it comes to finding means to survive within the streets of Johannesburg.

Date: Fall ‘13 [graduate] Critic: Mabel Wilson Studio: “Tracking Topologies of Global Trade” Softwares: Adobe Creative Suite, AutoCAD, GIS, Grasshopper, Revit, Rhino, Sony Vegas Pro, Vray 112

JOHANNESBURG, GAUTENG

Are these individuals considered waste?

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Instead of considering these informal traders and recyclers as waste, a conveniently located recycling facility is a step towards a widespread and profitable recycling participation, which will not only address the needs of these individuals, but also improve the environment -- spatially and physically.

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Bree Street Johannesburg, South Africa

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1. Apartheid, Africans were

[used + discarded]

reasoning..

Johannesburgâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s city government plans to introduce gentrification into the inner city because they consider the urban poor as social waste that contributes to material waste, which caused the physical deterioration and social and economic decline within the city. Bree Streetâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s informal traders and recyclers work in poor conditions, however, the amount of waste affects the informal traders spatially and the informal recyclers physically. The idea of a recycling facility is to create a vertical formal space for these individuals to perform their usual horizontal network of activities, across the city, without changing their patterns or the way they work. Although these informal traders and recyclers are constantly marginalized and neglected, this

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3. Urban blight

[recycled the city]

type of recycling initiative will introduce strategies that acknowledge the importance, diversity and survival strategies of these individuals. It will also teach them how essential and beneficial it is to discard and recycle trash on a daily basis, which will improve their working conditions along Bree Street. The informal traders, now agents for the city in place of trash companies, such as Pikitup, will return material waste to the nearby facility and redeem it for a refund of the deposit. They will have the option of being paid per item or weight for each material type as a matter of business efficiency. Even though all trash is accepted, the informal recyclers will oversee and sort out the amount of trash deposited within the facility. They will first separate all the material

4. Urban development

[reclaimation the city]

waste into specific categories and then begin the process of recycling based on type. These informal recyclers will not only have improved working conditions, in terms of the amount of waste carried and transported, they will also be paid for the service they provide for the public. Once the recycled goods are sorted within the facility, they will be sold back to the public as raw materials, plastic bottles and containers by the informal recyclers. As for the non-recyclable goods, they will be supervised and analyzed by the researchers with the assistance of the informal recyclers. The data collected will analyze the movement of solid waste and its capability for renewable energy and compost. Meanwhile, the remaining non-recyclable goods will be taken by various trash companies to be sent to the nearby

landfill. Therefore, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll force these trash companies, such as Pikitup, to work closely with the informal economy at a daily basis. According to the recent study done by Pikitup, â&#x20AC;&#x153;1.3 million tonnes of waste is disposed in Johannesburg every year, and the current landfills will be full by 2020. The Council and Pikitup urgently need to find ways to minimize waste going to landfill.â&#x20AC;? Once this model is followed at a city-wide level, the amount of recycled trash made per year will reduce the amount of solid waste dumped along the streets and landfills. Therefore, this inclusive recycling facility will benefit and support all informal traders and recyclers as they continue to redefine the city by creating lives and livelihoods within the streets.

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CURRENT SITUATION Goods Trash

cage stall

parking

trolley

walking standing

shopping cart

70% of informal traders contribute to illegal dumping

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table

social waste material waste [ informal trader ] [ illegal dumping ]

A typical day of an informal trader ...

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MATERIAL WASTE [ Illegal Dumping ]

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SOCIAL WASTE [ Informal Traders ]

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URBAN CLUSTERING Congestion occurs within CBD due to taxis filled with potential customers for the informal traders.

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Arguably, Bree Street is an economically viable street. So why

gentrification?

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The Eco-Bin, the vertical recycling

facility, will not only serve as a node for these traders and recyclers, but also the taxis.

MATERIAL + SOCIAL WASTE

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Since recycling is a viable income for the unemployed, the Eco-bin will be a place where they can perform their daily activities. 135

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There is a constant cycle of goods being sold and discarded. The Eco-bin will capitalize on that. 137

COMPARISON OF A 10 TPD AND 100 TPD FACILITY

5 ton capacity tipping area

1 ton/hour processing capacity

5 to 10 day capacity material storage area (50-100 tons)

5 Semi-trailers to market every 10 days

1 to 2 day production capacity material storage area (100-200 tons)

10 market every 2 days

Process Workflow

20 ton capacity tipping area

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10 ton/hour processing capacity

TYPICAL FLOOR SPACE VS. TONS PROCESSED PER DAY

FACILITY FLOOR SPACE (SQ. FT.)

80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 20000 10000 0

100

150

200

250

300

TONS PROCESSED PER DAY

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PROGRAM

[extracted slides from animation]

9 9 8 8 76

5 2

1. collect 2. transfer 3. store 4. bale 5. unload 6. separate 7. categorize 8. analyze 9. manufacture 10. compress

pressure nodes to create diagrid 7

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structure 8

waste deposition 9

recycled waste distribution 14

storage

baled compressed

sorted

waste assortment 17

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PROGRAM Within Context

[extracted slides from animation]

waste deposition 22

waste assortment 23

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recycled waste distribution

recycled waste distribution pt. 2 25

private

mixure

public

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mesh lift diagrid glass

144

infrastructure

ramps surrounding core

lifts

movement of waste

movement of people

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0. lobby:

Informal traders will return the waste to either the lobby or the drop-off area.

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1. sorting:

Although all trash is accepted, the informal recyclers will oversee and sort out the amount of trash deposited within the facility in the basement and ground floor.

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7. manufacturing:

The recycled goods will be plastic since it is the highest contributor to CBDâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s waste stream. The recycled plastic will be sold as plastic bottles and containers to the pubic.

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ELEVATIONS + SECTIONS

Von Wielligh St. [a]

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Bree St. [a]

Bree St. [b]

Bree St. [c]

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STRUCTURE

core

154

columns / ramps

diagrid

glazing

aluminum mesh

155

Recycling to reclaim livelihoods. 156

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Scent Therapy ... mind, body, + soul DUMBO, BROOKLYN “There is a very specific kind of anxiety associated with the subjugation of air, an anxiety especially evident in response to instances when air is commodified, privatized or militarized. At the core of this lies air’s enduring role as a cipher for personal freedom...” - Mark Dorrian

Date: Summer ‘13 [graduate] Critic: Phu Hoang Studio: “Conditioned Urbanism” Softwares: Adobe Creative Suite, AutoCAD, Climate Consultant, Grasshopper, Rhino, Vray 160

DUMBO, BROOKLYN

162

How can you

improve your quality of life?

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Traffic congestion and long commutes are also serious anxiety producers... The Big Apple has the most extreme population density, which ranks New York as #2 stressful city in the US.â&#x20AC;? - Forbes

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By exercising... New Yorkers take their gym time very seriously. â&#x20AC;&#x153;New Yorkers spent an average of $134.50/ mo on gym and fitness center memberships.â&#x20AC;? - The Huffington Post

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A gym is focused on improving quality of life through strength training and commitment. By rethinking the entire gym experience, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s essential to think about these facilities as flexible and communal spaces while integrating â&#x20AC;&#x153;air designâ&#x20AC;? into architectural practice.

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Conceptual exploration

humidity

168

scent

programmatic section

reasoning..

Combining through research as well as design, this studio integrates “air design” into architectural practice. The conditioning of air has led to a parallel and invisible architectural program that focuses on the inbetween spaces of buildings (both exterior and interior) and has an extensive impact on the built environment. The studio’s goal was to address the changes that architecture will inevitably experience if we actively design the conditioning of air. Since air design is a key aspect of an urban fitness center, this program is chosen as the starting point for all the proposals.

Understanding scent therapy’s capability to alter people’s mood and cognitive function, we instrumentalize it to design a new fitness experience focused on the well-being of both body and mind. Boundaries between inside/ outside and different programs dematerialize to generate various conditioning perimeters that regulate scent and humidity exchange. The scent track -an inside-out program- negotiates between these different perimeters and serves as the major structural spine of the building. The walls of the Scent Therapy Center act as filters negating or augmenting scents generated inside and outside the building.

Relative humidity acts as a filter, modifying the perceived scent intensity of the city.

169

DUMBO ANALYSIS

Scent Open source Semi-enclosed source

Diesel/exhaust Garage Food Baked goods/coffee Trash Urine Perfume Clean Laundry New books Wood

“Dynamic” scent “Static” scent

DUMBO river scent DUMBO industrial/construction scent

Perceived scent identity and sources description.

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DUMBO ANALYSIS

Relative humidity Relative humidity intensity No measurement taken (building) High 62% Low 44%

Relative humidity and topography.

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DUMBO ANALYSIS

Scent Open source Semi-enclosed source

Diesel/exhaust Garage Food Baked goods/coffee Trash Urine Perfume Clean Laundry New books Wood

The intersection between Front and Main streets were analyzed on how scent and humidity relate to each other.

“Dynamic” scent “Static” scent

DUMBO river scent DUMBO industrial/construction scent

Relative humidity Relative humidity intensity No measurement taken (building) High 62% Low 44%

Relative humidity acts as a FILTER modifying the perceived scent intensity.

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FRONT + MAIN INTERSECTION 30 - 45% Baked goods/coffee Urine Relative Humidity High humidity Low humidity Overlapping two different scents. Humidity will always erase.

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FRONT + MAIN INTERSECTION [CLOSE-UP] 30 - 45% - Low Humidity / High Scent Within the scent, looking out

FRONT + MAIN INTERSECTION [CLOSE-UP] Adjacencies between scents

Larger Scale Analysis Adjacencies without humidity

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Adjacencies without humidity

Mixture of the different scents

Larger Scale Analysis Mixture without humidity

Mixture without humidity

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PROGRAMMING

1. Analyzing the characteristic scents of the typical fitness center functions to create groups of activities that share scent types Feet Metallic Food Rubber Sweat Oils Nature Chlorine Perfume Clean Laundry New books Wood

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2. Incoporating relative humidity as a filter by attributing each group an ideal relative humidity. High humidity Medium humidity Low humidity

Fitness

183 109

PROGRAMMING

3. Overlapping both diagrams to compare the scent intensity with the humidity intensity. Scent Feet Metallic Food Rubber Sweat Oils Nature Chlorine Perfume Clean Laundry New books Wood

Relative Humidity High humidity Medium humidity Low humidity

Reception Cafeteria Offices

Salon/Barber Spay/Physiotherapy

Retail Nutritionist

Locker room

Squash Track Fitness Studio Boxing Yoga Pilates

Cardio Strength Spinning Rock climbing

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Basketball/Volleyball Steam room

Sundeck Pool

Tennis Track Sauna

4. Reshuffle the program into three groups + a wildcard program (sleep clinic). Scent Feet Metallic Food Rubber Sweat Oils Nature Chlorine Perfume Clean

Relative Humidity High humidity Medium humidity Low humidity

Group 1: ACCELERATION Program - Scent >>> Humidity

Reception 40-45% Cafeteria 40-45% Offices 40-45% Clean+Food+Perfume

Humidity scale 35% low

45% med.

60% high

Yoga 30-40% Oils+Feet+Sweat+Rubber

Laundry New books Wood

Pilates 30-40% Oils+Feet+Sweat+Rubber +Metallic

Scent scale 2 low

3 4 med.

Reception 40-45% Food+Books+Clean

Sauna 15% Chlorine+Sweat+Wood

5 high

Sleep Clinic (wildcard)

Group 2: SUSPENSION Program - Scent <<< Humidity

Spa 40-60% Oils+Laundry Squash 40-50% Track 40-50% Fitness Studio 40-50% Boxing 40-50% Rubber+Sweat

Nutritionist 40%-60% Food+Books

Group 3: MIXTURE Program - Scent = Humidity

Salon/Barber 45-50% Perfume+Clean+Laundry Locker room 60% Perfume+Clean+Sweat

Steam 100% Bball/Vball 40-50% Sweat+Wood Tennis 54%-71% Track 54%-71% Nature+Sweat

Sundeck 54-71% Food+Wood+Sweat Pool 54-71% Chlorine+Perfume +Feet+Sweat

Cardio 40-50% Strength 40-60% Spinning 30-40% Rock Climbing 5060% Rubber+Sweat+Metallic

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ORGANIZATION DIAGRAMS HORIZONTAL configuration of the program - Scent allows to place the different programs

AXO

horizontally by repulsion or contradiction of existing scents surrounding the plot. Creation of different perimeters of scent track.

Acceleration program Mixture program Suspension program

Relative humidity 60%

retai - lock

50% 40% 30%

danc

VERTICAL configuration of the program - Relative humidity behaves vertically. The higher the level, the higher the relative humidity. The program is distributed vertically according to the desired or recommended relative humidity.

Axon

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AXONOMETRIC diagram - process

program

ram

program

retail - offices - reception - cafeteria - locker - pilates - yoga - sleep

dance - garden

spa - salon/barber - shop - nutritionist - steam - sauna sleep

rock climbing - bball/vball - f.studio cardio - strength - boxing - squash sleep - spinning - sleep

pool - sundeck

Aerial Diagram

Axonometric - Exterior Diagram

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humidity within context

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scent track generated by contextâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s humidity

floor plates generated by scent track

inner void / core generated by floor plates

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View looking inside the inner void / core, which is surrounded by the scent track 191

The SCENT TRACK, an inside-out program, negotiates between these different perimeters and serves as the major structural spine of the building.

Th bu st

Aerial View

S The walls of the Scent Therapy Center act as filters negating or augmenting scents generated inside and outside the building

Exploded Axon

192

Street View

The scent track not only serves as an organizational device, but also as the major STRUCTURAL SPINE of the building. It is confirmed by Vierendeel trusses loaded on top of each other. Both an inside skin and three structural walls help support the trusses at specific points.

core + scent track + structural walls

core + scent track

core

core + scent track + structural walls + conditioning perimeters

Structural Model

nts

[ Materials: 1/4â&#x20AC;? acrylic + 1/2â&#x20AC;? foam core ] 193

CONDITIONING PERIMETERS

Pipe sizes: 4 1/2”

1 1/2”

3” 1 1/2” 3”

5”

Pipe types:

5”

4 1/2”

5”

1ft

5”

3”

1. Humidity/scent smart pipes 2. Architectural pipes Humidity/scent smart pipe

Architectural pipe

HUMIDITY/SCENT SMART PIPES DEHUMIDIFIER PIPE - SCENT DIFFUSER PIPE

HUMIDIFIER PIPE - SCENT NEBUILIZER PIPE

circulating fan moist air scented mist evaporator dry scented air scented pad

water & essential oils ionic silver demineralization cartridge

nebulizer chamber

water

3” ultrasonic titanium membrane

circulating fan

Types of scent introduced by smart pipes Energy booster Physical fatigue reduction Relieves cramping & muscle spasms Circulatory stimulant Immune system Antiseptic Treats respiratory problems Mental fatigue reduction Stess reliever - Calming effect Anti-depressant Memory retention - Concentration

Orange

194

Lemon

Lavender Eucalptus Jasmine Rosemary Peppermint

MATERIALS

ARCHITECTURAL PIPES - Catalog. Different configurations to quantify spaces

Translucent glass

Glass

CUTTING

Extruded anodized aluminum

“Window”

Railing

Gaps

LAYERING

Small holes

Same height

Different heights

Space in between

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ARCHITECTURAL PIPES Application example: The scent track expands and mixes with cardio, therefore the gap system is applied to allow people to move from one space to another. The yoga and pilates space is separated from the cardio space by different layers of translucent pipes, which create a blurred veil.

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SECTION 1 - HUMIDITY RELATIVE HUMIDITY Outside 60% or more 55-60% 50-55% 45-50% 40-45% CONDITIONING PERIMETERS Scent track Other SECTION 1 0

+76.3ft +68.1ft

+54.5ft

+40.8ft

+27.2ft

+13.6ft

+0ft

-20.6ft -27.2ft

The track as an inside out program that organizes the spaces. Different conditioning perimeters and their intensity.

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SECTION 2 - SCENT TYPES OF SCENT Outside Food, baked goods, new books, clean, trash, garage, urine, exhaust, construction INSIDE Grapefruit Lemon Lavender Eucalyptus Jasmine Rosemary Peppermint Source: Scent smart pipe SECTION 2 0

+76.3ft +68.1ft

+54.5ft

+40.8ft

+27.2ft +20.2ft +13.6ft +0ft -6.7ft -13.4ft -20.6ft -27.2ft

The walls of the Scent Therapy Center act as filters negating or augmenting scents generated inside and outside the building.

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SECTION 3 - HUMIDITY + SCENT OUTSIDE HUMIDITY 60% or more 55-60% 50-55% 45-50% 40-45% CONDITIONING PERIMETERS Scent track Other INSIDE SCENT Grapefruit Lemon Lavender Eucalyptus Jasmine Rosemary Peppermint SECTION 3 0

+76.3ft +68.1ft

+54.5ft

+40.8ft

+27.2ft +20.2ft +13.6ft +0ft -6.7ft -13.4ft -20.6ft -27.2ft

These active pipes along the scent track are meant to alter people’s mood and cognitive function. While understanding scent therapy’s capability to alter one’s well-being, its essential to instrumentalize it to design a new fitness experience on the well-being of both body and mind. 206

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Scent therapy tends to alter peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mood, cognitive function and health, combined with humidity regulation, which offers a new fitness experience focused on the well being of both the body and mind.

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â&#x20AC;&#x153;What we do for ourselves dies with us. What we do for others and the world remains and is immortal.â&#x20AC;? - Albert Pine

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