Farmlands Seed Buyers Guide 2014

Seed Buyers’ Guide

Sixth Edition Farmlands Co-operative Society Limited FAR00586

Welcome to the 2014 Farmlands Seed Buyers’ Guide.

Farmlands Grain and Seed prides itself on its independent approach in the retail market and with having relationships with all of New Zealand’s leading wholesale seed companies.

This allows us to offer our shareholders access to all available seeds. Our four seed mixing sites have experienced staff and are suitably stocked to be able to supply your seasonal seed requirements promptly.

Farmlands Grain & Seed thanks the following sponsors for their support in the production of the Sixth Edition Farmlands Seed Buyers Guide;

We are able to offer farmers a comprehensive forage crop and pasture renewal, seed supply and management service, including chemical and fertiliser expertise. Specialist agronomic advice is available to assist with the establishment and growing of supplementary feed crops like maize, brassicas, fodder beet and silage crops. We also have information on the nutritional details of these crops along with management techniques for the different harvest options or livestock types utilising them.

Farmlands Grain and Seed trading department complements our retail seed service, through offering “commons” seed multiplication contracts and other grain and seed production and trading options to arable farmers.

The Seed Buyers’ Guide has been compiled for shareholders and staff to provide an independent, impartial and unbiased source of relevant information, detailing the commercially available forage and pasture seeds, their attributes and endophyte availability. Seed treatment options and some topics of current interest are also included.

A world of seed innovation, right here.

New seed technology innovations are continuing to provide farmers with additional tools to help maximise their returns.

Intensification on-farm is seeing increased use of maize, fodder beet, forage cereals and brassicas to provide the most cost effective, top quality, highest yielding amount of feed.

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

The management of pastoral and forage crops to ensure a successful result is becoming increasingly important. An ongoing focus of Farmlands Grain and Seed is to facilitate the transfer of current information to our TFOs and shareholders.

The use of Farmlands and seed wholesaler company demonstration sites and trials additionally gives farmers and TFOs the opportunity to see how different seed varieties perform in their local areas.

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There is a wealth of seed and forage crop management knowledge available from the Technical Field Officers and Grain and Seed staff. We look forward to assisting you in your seed buying decision making.

Thank you for your ongoing support.

Mark Elliotte Farmlands Grain and Seed General Manager

Farmlands Grain & Seed

Front Cover Photo: Farmlands Technical Field Officer, Roger Chambers and Amberley shareholder Chris Ensor.

Roger has been servicing the greater North Canterbury region for 30 years, specialising in Grain and Seed, Ag-chemical and on-farm consultancy.

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CONTENTS 3

CLOVER 45

FARMLANDS DIRECTORY

White Clover............................................. 46

HOW TO USE YOUR FARMLANDS SEED BUYERS’ GUIDE

4

Red Clover............................................... 50 6

DISCUSSION 8 What is an endophyte?.............................. 8

Annual Clover........................................... 52 HERBS 55 Herbs....................................................... 56

Give it the full treatment........................... 10

LUCERNE 59

Alternatives to ryegrass pasture............... 12

Lucerne....................................................60

Tonic Plantain Forage Systems................ 14

BRASSICA 63

Fodder beet management....................... 16 Cleancrop™ brassica system.................. 18 Drought tolerant AberLasting clover ........ 20 Forage value index................................... 21 Weed identification................................... 22

Kale..........................................................64 Rape........................................................66 Swedes....................................................68 Turnips..................................................... 70 Leafy Turnips............................................ 72

Pasture and brassica pest identification..................................... 24

FODDER BEET

RYEGRASS 25

Fodder Beet............................................. 74

Perennial Ryegrass.................................. 26

FORAGE CEREALS

Long Rotation Ryegrass........................... 32

Forage Cereals......................................... 78

Short Rotation Ryegrass..........................33

MAIZE 81

Italian Ryegrass........................................34 Annual Ryegrass......................................36 Ryegrass Continuum................................38

73

77

Maize....................................................... 82 INDEX OF CULTIVARS

84

TABLES 86

Cocksfoot................................................40

Seed sowing rate.....................................86

Sundry..................................................... 42

Ryegrass comparisons............................ 87

Tall Fescue...............................................44

Seed treatment........................................88

This document is intended to provide accurate and adequate information relating to seed and associated products. It is to be used as a guide only and on the basis that Farmlands and its suppliers are fully excluded from liability for damages arising out of any reliance in part, or in full, upon any of the information. This is not an endorsement of any of the named products, nor a criticism of any unnamed or alternative products.

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SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

39

OTHER GRASSES

CONTE NTS

Contents

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FAR MLAN D S DIR E CTORY S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

4

Farmlands Directory

Farmlands Grain & Seed Mixing Plants:

Contact Farmlands Grain & Seed:

ROLLESTON 9 Link Drive Phone: 03 347 3673 Fax: 03 347 3679

OAMARU 33 Thames Street Phone: 03 433 1030 Fax: 03 433 1036

DUNEDIN 61 Timaru St Phone: 03 455 7114 Fax: 03 474 1875

INVERCARGILL 97 Leet St Phone: 03 218 6487 Fax: 03 218 4045

CHRISTCHURCH 156 Waterloo Road, Hornby Phone: 03 344 4045

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TIMARU 32 North Street Phone: 03 687 9459

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WAIPAPA (09) 407 6953

KAITAIA (09) 408 4031

KAMO (09) 435 5037

DARGAVILLE (09) 439 7693

WHANGAREI (09) 438 8824

HELENSVILLE (09) 420 8307

WELLSFORD (09) 423 7957

MORRINSVILLE (07) 889 8079

HAUTAPU (07) 827 4206 PAEROA (07) 862 6693

PUKEKOHE (09) 238 8853 HUNTLY (07) 828 7102

MATAMATA (07) 881 9120

HAMILTON (07) 847 8057

TE PUNA (07) 552 5072

TE AWAMUTU (07) 872 0230

TAURANGA (07) 578 4049

PUTARURU (07) 883 7964

TE PUKE (07) 573 7216 ROTORUA (07) 348 9076

TOKOROA (07) 886 7557

WHAKATANE (07) 306 0187

TE KUITI (07) 878 3591 TAUMARUNUI (07) 896 0052

OPOTIKI (07) 315 3008

INGLEWOOD (06) 756 8501

TAUPO (07) 378 2503

STRATFORD (06) 765 0020 NEW PLYMOUTH (06) 755 1427

GISBORNE (06) 868 8804

HAWERA (06) 278 9031

TAIHAPE (06) 388 0532

WAIROA (06) 838 7209

OPUNAKE (06) 761 8773

NAPIER (06) 833 5690

WANGANUI (06) 349 1240

WHAKATU (06) 876 8029

MARTON (06) 327 7149 FEILDING (06) 323 0500

HASTINGS (06) 873 8180 WAIPUKURAU (06) 858 8336

PALMERSTON NORTH (06) 357 4786

MOTUEKA 03 528 1100

DANNEVIRKE (06) 374 8593

LEVIN (06) 367 2103 OTAKI (06) 364 9079

PAHIATUA (06) 376 7922 MASTERTON (06) 377 1017

NELSON 03 543 9450 WESTPORT 03 788 8340 GREYMOUTH 03 768 5743 HOKITIKA 03 756 9069 WHATAROA 03 756 1040 FAIRLIE 03 685 8586

GREYTOWN (06) 304 8045 BLENHEIM 03 579 3150 KAIKOURA 03 319 5448 CULVERDEN 03 315 8692 AMBERLEY 03 314 8340 RANGIORA 03 313 2299

KUROW 03 436 0917

DARFIELD 03 318 7610

ALEXANDRA 03 440 2030

YALDHURST Feedbarn

CROMWELL 03 445 0174

CHRISTCHURCH 03 344 4045

TAPANUI 03 203 0130

ROLLESTON Grain & Seed 03 347 3673

GORE 03 203 9510

ROLLESTON Feed Mill

MOSSBURN 03 248 4040

LEESTON 03 324 8022

WINTON 03 236 6166

ASHBURTON 03 307 9140

OTAUTAU 03 225 8398

TEMUKA 03 688 6655

INVERCARGILL 03 211 1955 INVERCARGILL Grain & Seed 03 218 4045

OAMARU Grain & Seed 03 433 1030 OAMARU 03 433 1030 RANFURLY 03 444 1060 DUNEDIN Grain & Seed 03 477 9040

0800 200 600 www.farmlands.co.nz

DUNEDIN 03 477 9040

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

TIMARU 03 687 9459 TIMARU Grain & Seed 03 687 9459 WAIMATE 03 689 8862 WINTON Feed Mill

FAR M LANDS D I R EC TORY

Farmlands Stores:

BALCLUTHA 03 418 3322

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H O W TO U S E Y O U R FAR MLAN D S S EED B UYE R S GUIDE

How to use your Farmlands Seed Buyers’ Guide All cultivar information is presented in a standardised format to provide consistency of content and to help accurate comparisons. Here is a typical example for a ryegrass: Name of cultivar

Diploid versus Tetraploid

Endophyte classification (see opposite)

GREENGRASS • • • •

Diploid/Tetraploid | WE/AR1 | +17 days

Medium leaved and densely tillered tetraploid with semi-erect growth habit.

Ideally suited to rotational sheep grazing.

Late heading date and with low aftermath heading.

Exhibits rapid establishment and high late-autumn production.

Ryegrass heading days

General description / Suitability of use / Maturity / Key attributes

RYEGRASS HEADING DATES As ryegrass becomes reproductive, there is an associated boost in growth and once headed they often become stemmy, with a reduction in feed quality. Therefore the heading date of a cultivar provides a useful general guide to seasonal behaviour.

PERIOD (relative to Nui)

Early heading date

-8 days and earlier than Nui

Mid-season heading date

-7 to +7 days around Nui

Late heading date

+8 to +21 days after Nui

Very late

+22 days and later than Nui

The above classifications are used by the New Zealand Plant Breeding and Research Association.

• Later cultivars retain their leafiness - and hence quality - longer before going stemmy.

PLOIDY

Ryegrass heading date is defined as the date when 50% of a specific variety’s plants have emerged seed heads in a typical year. The actual dates given are only a guide as they can vary (by 2-3 weeks or more) from year to year. The number of days between heading dates also varies from year to year – being more condensed or spread out. However, the order of different varieties flowering remains relatively constant throughout New Zealand. Typically, heading dates within about 3-4 days of each other would not be significantly different. Each heading date classification in the table below is approximately 14 days strictly defined. All heading date measurements are made relative to Nui.

DIPLOID:

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

• Early cultivars usually have superior early spring (September) production

CLASSIFICATION

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This is the natural state of ryegrass where each plant cell has two sets of chromosomes.

TETRAPLOID: Varieties that have four sets of chromosomes in the plant cell. The cells of tetraploids also tend to be larger than diploids - as a result the seeds are larger and a higher sowing rate is required. Increased palatability and high quality dry matter is a common feature of tetraploid ryegrasses due to their larger size - there is comparatively less cell wall (cellulose) and more carbohydrate per cell.

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HOW TO USE Y OU R FAR MLAN D S S EED B U Y ER S G U I D E

HIGH SUGAR GRASS High sugar ryegrasses are bred to produce more sugar, or water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), than is found in standard ryegrass cultivars. The extra sugar in the grass improves its voluntary intake and digestibility, leading to more efficient grass conversion into animal production and less nitrogen being wasted in the digestive process.

ENDOPHYTE The agreed naming for endophyte is as follows: Without endophyte (WE): Sometimes/ previously referred to as Nil, low or LE SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

Standard endophyte: Sometimes/previously referred to as wild type, high or HE. Novel endophyte: For example AR1, AR37, Endo5, NEA2 and Max P. For a better understanding of endophytes, please refer to pages 8-9.

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DISCUSSIO N S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

8

What is an endophyte?

Endophyte is a naturally occurring fungus whose complete life cycle occurs within grasses such as perennial ryegrass and tall fescue.

Most New Zealand perennial ryegrass pastures are infected with endophyte. The endophyte fungus grows between the cells of the host plant, drawing nutrients from it but in return conferring resistance to insect pests, drought tolerance and protection from overgrazing – a relationship know as symbiosis. Endophytes produce chemical compounds known as alkaloids, some of which confer pasture pest resistance, and others that can also cause animal health problems. Peramine is a compound that deters, in particular, feeding and egg laying of Argentine stem weevil, a serious pest affecting ryegrass persistence but has no known effects on animal health.

Lolitrem deters Argentine stem weevil larval feeding but causes ryegrass staggers.

Ergovaline gives resistance to black beetle but in higher concentrations can reduce animal performance, as well as causing heat stress in warm humid conditions.

of the plant and the safety and performance of animals grazing plants containing the novel endophyte strain. Novel endophytes can be incorporated into elite cultivar germplasm, either by an inoculation process or by breeding and selecting with maternal plants that contain the novel endophyte strain.

The Endophyte Life Cycle

NEA2, developed by Agriseeds, contains peramine, moderate levels of ergovaline and very little lolitrem. NEA2 infected ryegrasses provide excellent animal health and performance with a level of control of Argentine stem weevil, black beetle, pasture mealy bug and root aphid.

NOVEL ENDOPHYTES Novel endophytes are selected endophyte strains that have a known and understood chemical compound profile. It is known what impact these compounds have on insect pests, the agronomic performance and persistence Farmlands Grain & Seed

“Standard” (sometimes known as the old “high endophyte”) endophytes, naturally present in most New Zealand pastures, contain high levels of the compounds lolitrem, peramine and ergovaline. The selected strain AR1* contains peramine, which gives control of Argentine stem weevil but little control to black beetle.

AR1* does not contain lolitrem or ergovaline and as such provides excellent animal health and performance. Endo5 contains peramine and lower levels of ergovaline but no lolitrem.

The ergovaline improves agronomic robustness, especially in areas where black beetle is a problem.

The most recent novel endophyte AR37* does not produce lolitrem, peramine, or ergovaline but produces chemicals called epoxy-janthitrems.

Epoxy-janthitrems confer a wide range of control of insect pests (Argentine stem weevil, black beetle, root aphid, pasture mealy bug and porina). Testing to date has shown ryegrass infected with AR37* to be more persistent and productive than ryegrass infected with standard endophyte, with livestock performance levels similar to AR1*pastures and pastures without endophyte. While AR37* does not produce lolitrem or ergovaline, ryegrass staggers can occur but at a frequency much lower than occurs on pastures containing standard endophyte. * Trademarks and/or variety denominations of Grasslanz Technology Limited.

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These ratings are indicative and may vary slightly between cultivars. If Argentine stem weevil are present at sowing, an appropriate seed treatment is recommended to improve insect resistance during establishment.

DISCUSSION

CHOOSING A RYEGRASS ENDOPHYTE

Diploid ryegrasses AR1

NEA2

AR37

Standard endophyte

Without endophyte

Argentine Stem Weevil





 1



-

Pasture Mealy Bug



()





-

INSECT

Black Beetle









-

Root Aphid

-2







-

Porina

-

Not tested





-

AR1

NEA2

AR37

Endo5

Without endophyte

()



()1



-

()

()

()

()

-

Black Beetle









-

Root Aphid

-

()



()

-

Porina3

-

Not tested

()

()

-

3

Tetraploid ryegrasses4 INSECT Argentine Stem Weevil Pasture Mealy Bug

2

Key to tables -

No control



Low level control: Endophyte may provide a measurable effect, but is unlikely to give any practical control.



Moderate control: Endophyte may provide some practical protection with a low to moderate reduction in insect population.



Good control: Endophyte markedly reduces insect damage under low to moderate insect pressure.

Damage may still occur when insect pressure is high.



Very good control: Endophyte consistently reduces insect populations and keeps pasture damage to low levels, even under high insect pressure.

( )

Provisional result: Further results needed to support the rating. Testing is ongoing.

Notes on tables

2. AR1 plants are more susceptible to root aphid than plants without endophyte.

3. C ontrol of porina in pastures only applies to the ryegrass component. Other species that are palatable to porina (such as white clover) will still be damaged.

4. T here is much less information on the effect of endophyte in tetraploid ryegrasses on insects than for diploids. Tetraploids are generally more susceptible to Argentine stem weevil and the insect resistance provided by endophyte may not be as strong, although this may vary between cultivars. These ratings are based on available data but require further confirmation.

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SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

1. AR37 endophyte controls Argentine stem weevil larvae but not adults. While larvae cause most damage to pastures, adults can damage emerging grass seedlings. In Argintine stem weevil prone areas it is recommended to use treated seed for all cultivars with novel endophyte.

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DISCUSSIO N

Give it the full treatment Article Supplied by Agriseeds

Seed treatment is an insurance policy – and like any form of insurance it’s not until you really need it that you realise how important it is.

Unfortunately, as some farmers find every year, it’s too late to do anything about it once things go wrong. You can’t insure against something that has already happened and you can’t protect your seed with treatment once insect pests have eaten it as it emerged.

Sowing bare seed in paddocks with a history of insect pressure continues to be one of the most common causes of pasture and crop failure at establishment.

So before you make any decisions on seed treatment, take a good look at this photo.

Decide what side of the photo you’d rather see duplicated in your paddock after you sow your next new paddock of grass or crop. The left side - with all the grass? Or the right side - with the bare patches, weeds and a few struggling grass seedlings?

As a method of protecting vulnerable young plants, seed treatment is easy, proven and cost-effective. These coatings have been specifically developed to enhance plant establishment. They incorporate a mix of systemic insecticides, fungicides and nutrients to protect and support the emerging seedling from day one.

In situations where very high levels of pests are likely, such as grass-to-grass renewal, it’s a good idea to use an integrated control programme.

This involves use of an insecticide spray presowing (to reduce insect population) then treated seed to protect emerging seedlings. Slug baiting should also be considered.

There are plenty of different options available for seed treatment. Your Farmlands representative can help decide what one is right for your requirements.

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

The left side of the photo shows where treated grass seed has been sown. The right side shows the result of sowing bare grass seed.

If you have any doubt as to the risk posed to your new grass or crop by pests or disease, ask for treated seed when you place your order.

Treated grass seed (left) vs untreated seed – the right hand side of the photo is mainly weeds.

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In seed treatment trials on Agriseeds ‘Agricote’ formulations, emerging seedlings are closely monitored under heavy pressure from insect species such as springtail, Argentine stem weevil (ASW), black beetle, aphids and Nysius.

DISCUSSION

THE SCIENCE BEHIND SEED TREATMENT

Seeds that have been treated are planted in germination pots in a randomised block pattern, interspersed with bare seeds. As seedlings emerge, pests are placed into the pots using mesh to keep the insects on the plants. Insect damage to seedlings is assessed to determine the effectiveness of the seed treatment.

Ryegrass seedlings just prior to having ASW adults added.

Ryegrass seedlings covered with mesh to contain ASW adults.

Ryegrass Seedling Survival Under ASW Feeding at Emergence* Seed treatment

Seedling survival

Agricote Treated seed

77%

Bare seed

22%

*Trial run by AgResearch Ruakura. Treatments were on Tabu ryegrass. Treatment is Agricote Grass.

Brassica Seed Treatment Trial Results* Aphid control

Nysius damaged seedlings

Agricote Treated seed

96% a

100% a

12% a

Bare seed

0% b

0% b

49% b

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

Springtail control

Seed treatment

*Trial run by AgResearch Ruakura. Treatments were on Dynamo turnip. Treatment is Agricote Brassica. LSD (5%) lettering given, treatments with the same letter are not significantly different.

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11

DISCUSSIO N

Alternatives to ryegrass pasture Article Supplied by Agricom

Alternatives to perennial ryegrass can often provide benefits like greater drought tolerance, better persistence, insect tolerance and animal production. While perennial ryegrass produces and persists well in many regions, these other species, outlined below, are ideal alternatives.

TALL FESCUE

LUCERNE

The first species to consider is tall fescue, because it is the grass that is most like perennial ryegrass for animal production and management requirements. Tall fescue has been commonly used in the classic dryland regions of Central Otago and Canterbury, but it is now being used in many other regions including Southland. The main reason for this is that tall fescue is tolerant of grass grub but ryegrass is not. Some districts (e.g. northern Southland and Canterbury) have enough rainfall or irrigation to sustain ryegrass pastures but the soils and climate are conducive to grass grub and therefore tall fescue shows good advantages in persistence and production.

Lucerne has increased in popularity in recent years, following a decline in areas during the 1980s as a result of nematode and aphid outbreaks. Lucerne suits soils that dry out regularly in summer but are free from water logging in winter. The deep taproot and nitrogen fixation means it often produces more and persists longer than perennial ryegrass. It also produces quality feed for grazing and hay or silage production.

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

Tall fescue is often perceived to be unpalatable and difficult to manage. This may be true of varieties imported from the United States and Europe but that changed when AgResearch bred cultivars in New Zealand for high palatability and improved winter growth, leading to Grasslands Roa and then Grasslands Advance tall fescues (recently superseded by Easton tall fescue). These cultivars have proven to be simple to manage, achieve high animal performance and to have seasonal growth that meets the needs of most farms.

Tall fescue can be slower to establish than ryegrass, so requires good paddock preparation to reduce weed competition during establishment. It should be planted when soils are going to be warm and moist for at least three months after sowing, making latespring sowing ideal where there is irrigation or summer rainfall. It requires good soil fertility to achieve potential production and persistence.

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Farmlands Grain & Seed

The slower winter growth and reduced grazing in early spring means the maximum area of lucerne must be estimated for each farm, depending on stock requirements. The ground needs to be well prepared before planting lucerne to avoid weed burdens during establishment. Soils need a good pH (e.g. 6.5) and freedom from aluminium throughout the rooting depth (over 1m). Grazing management and weed control for lucerne is different to grass pastures and it is crucial to get this right to achieve good persistence and production.

High performing cocksfoot variety, Savvy (see pg 41).

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DISCUSSION

Plantain with seed head.

COCKSFOOT

SUBTERRANEAN CLOVER

Cocksfoot is most commonly used as an addition to ryegrass mixtures in dryland climates. Like tall fescue it has better drought and insect tolerance and persistence than ryegrass. It also has a better ability to compete in lower fertility soils, making it ideal for extensive hill country farms. Good stock performance can be achieved with nitrogen fertiliser, irrigation and close grazing.

Subterranean clover has been an under-used legume in summer-dry regions, however it is much more drought tolerant and persistent than white clover. Seed must be planted in autumn at high rates and specific pasture management is required in the first year to allow reseeding.

PHALARIS

The short-lived perennial herbs chicory and plantain are also popular with many farmers.

Chicory has exceptional feed value, is very productive over spring, summer and autumn and is very tolerant of droughts. Pure stands of Tonic plantain have been proven to have an exciting role for boosting lamb growth from birth to weaning, especially on farms with high-fertility flocks and summer-dry climates.

Both herbs can be added to perennial pasture mixes to boost quality for the first few years of the pasture.

Phalaris is a useful grass for its drought and grass grub resistance and it is also productive and of good quality. It is always planted with a companion as pure stands can be toxic.

PRAIRIE AND BROME

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SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

Prairie grass and grazing bromes are also productive species for dryland climates.

While being drought-tolerant, plants tend to be short-lived (2-3 years) but stand life can be extended by allowing some natural re-seeding.

These species require soils that are freedraining and of high fertility.

CHICORY AND PLANTAIN

13

DISCUSSIO N

Tonic Plantain Forage Systems Article Supplied by Agricom

Tonic Plantain Forage Systems uses Tonic plantain sown as a monoculture to drive a specific aspect of animal production. An example of this is the use of Tonic in a sheep breeding flock during lactation.

This system continues to benefit both lamb weaning weight and ewe liveweight change during lactation.

Tonic plantain is a broad leaved, coarse rooted grazing herb that can adapt to a wide range of soil types, rainfall zones and climatic conditions. Tonic is unique as it is an upright plantain cultivar with seasonal dry matter (DM) production strengths in summer and autumn.

Plantain is easily established, copes with a wide range of soil types, climates and grazing management practices and therefore has become a valuable forage option.

A Tonic forage system is the use of pure stands of Tonic, sown in large enough areas to provide sufficient feed for specific classes of stock and utilising the specific grazing management required with this broad leaf, cool season active herb.

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

An attractive feature of these systems is the chemical options for weed control available when Tonic is used either by itself or with lucerne, which are not available when other species, like clover or chicory, are present.

However, none of these options have registration at present and will need to be discussed with both chemical representitives and your local Farmlands representative, because any use will be at the user’s risk.

The establishment of Tonic has been successfully achieved in the autumn, although this is often a much slower time of year to establish a stand. The greatest success to date has been in spring sowings, with some being sown as late as early November and surviving very hot conditions through the establishment phase. Increased ground cover through establishment has been one of the keys to success. Where possible, the use of narrow-

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Farmlands Grain & Seed

rowed pasture drills, or even broadcasting, aids in achieving this.

Once established, Tonic stands have the ability to re-seed freely, providing an opportunity to regenerate the plant population over time. At present, a 3-5 year life span seems very realistic for this cultivar, however there are a number of examples where it may be possible to extend beyond this time frame, especially where seedling survival can be successfully achieved.

The experience gained in brassica summer crop mixes has led to the confidence to evaluate Tonic plantain as a stand-alone pasture species. Initially, this work focused on summer liveweight gain of weaned lambs.

In these studies Tonic plantain produced liveweight gains greater than perennial ryegrass (Moorhead et al. 2002) and in other work just below that of summer legumes, summer brassica and chicory (Judon, pers. comm.).

A number of grazing studies have identified that Tonic plantain has the ability to elevate concentrations of trace elements in livestock grazing after relatively short periods of time (weeks). In lambs (Moorhead et al. 2002) and young deer (Hoskins et al. 2004) liver concentrations of copper, selenium and Vitamin B12 were elevated significantly compared to those grazing ryegrass.

Judson et al. 2009 evaluated Tonic plantain as a lactation feed for twin bearing ewes lambing in August. This research was a break-through, as the focus was no longer on novel forage species and just its summer liveweight gain

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8

300

6

250 200 150

Tonic Ryegrass

100 50 0

Ewe liveweight change (kg)

Lamb liveweight gain (g/day)

DISCUSSION

350

4

Tonic

2 0 -2

Ryegrass

-4

Figure 1. Liveweight gain (g/day) of lambs (from birth to weaning) grazing ryegrass pastures and Tonic stands from six studies*

Figure 2. Liveweight change (kg) during lactation in ewes grazing ryegrass pastures or Tonic stands from 3 studies**

potential (a time frame that many high quality forages are evaluated on). The importance of Tonic’s success in this series of experiments was its ability to support twin-bearing ewes in late winter and still produce heavy lambs.

Tonic had an advantage in lamb growth rates of 73g/day compared to those grazing perennial ryegrass over a number of individual trials (Figure 1).

to increase the weight of the ewes prior to weaning can improve their value significantly.

A further observation in this trial work was that faecal egg counts from ewes, which generally rise dramatically in the period after birth, were much lower in ewes grazing Tonic. This is likely to have beneficial effects on the contamination rate of pastures.

Some of the major benefits discovered in this series of experiments were: 1. The speed of recovery after hot dry conditions 2. The high level of dry matter production in late autumn, winter and early spring 3. Ewe and lamb weaning liveweights meeting people’s expectations 4. The reduction of dags in ewes 5. A high level of stock health Tonic plantain has shown huge potential to improve both the weaning weight of lambs but also the weight of ewes at the end of lactation.

In addition, it promotes healthy sheep with lower faecal egg counts during lactation, less dags and improves trace element status. Tonic plantain is a real option for farmers running large flocks of last-lambing ewes, lambing ewe hoggets or winter lamb finishing who until now have been relying on perennial ryegrass.

*Judson 2008, Judson et al. 2009 (Yr 1), judson et al. 2009 (Yr2), Judson 2010 (unpublished), Judson 2011 (unpublished), Kenyon et al. 2010. ** judson et al. 2009 (Yr1), judson et al. 2009 (Yr 2), Judson 2010 (unpublished).

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

Another feature of the Tonic plantain lactation system is the improvement of ewe liveweight during lactation (Figure 2). Under ryegrass pasture feeding systems, ewes typically lose weight as their energy intake is below that required for lactation. Over a series of three experiments, weight loss averaged around 3kg.

On average, ewes on the Tonic plantain system increased liveweight during lactation by 9.6kg due to their ability to eat more. In farm systems where the sale of cull or last-lambing ewes is a valuable income stream, using Tonic plantain

SUMMARY

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DISCUSSIO N

Fodder beet management Article supplied by Seed Force

Fodder beet has established itself as a leading feed option in terms of potential yield and feed quality.

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

There are specific steps required to help ensure successful preparation, growing, grazing and maximum animal production. It requires thorough planning for best results.

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FODDER BEET GRAZING GUIDE CHECKLIST:

Select free draining paddocks that are able to be prepared to a good standard.

Select and grow the correct variety for your class of stock or for harvesting.

Avoid paddocks where previous crops have had residual chemicals applied.

Ensure you have the correct supplements for your class of stock on-farm or purchased prior to feeding i.e. silage/baleage/straw.

Soil test early using a 150mm soil probe.

Test pH of paddocks being considered for fodder beet well before sowing. A pH above 6 is required, ideally 6.2.

Spray out and prepare seed bed as early as possible, using a double spray programme if necessary.

A fallow period should be used to help conserve soil moisture.

Fertiliser use should be based on recent soil tests, with a focus on K levels. Fertiliser should not be applied with seed.

A fine, firm seed bed is essential (heel indent should just be seen).

Apply insecticides prior to, or at drilling if required. Monitor and treat for insect pests post establishment.

Sow into adequate soil moisture from when soil temperature is at least 10°C (pay attention to evening soil temperatures as well as day time and check last frost date).

Best results are achieved using a precision drill. Sow seeds at 1.5 – 2.0cm depth. Make sure coulters are set to an even depth.

For in-situ grazing: use a precision drill and sow to the environment/conditions and adjust your sowing rate accordingly.

For mechanical harvesting: your sowing rate will be increased, this will be dependant on the required row spacing and machine type consult your contractor before planting.

Drill speed should be low, to avoid poor seed placement, 4-5 kph maximum.

Apply post-plant/pre-emergence herbicide after sowing, if conditions are dry this may have to be applied and incorporated prior to sowing.

DISCUSSION

FODDER BEET GROWING GUIDE CHECKLIST:

Conduct a correct yield assessment of your crop with dry matters taken to ensure you know how much crop yield you have before feeding (get DM% independently verified).

Remember - know what you grow.

Work out feed budget taking into account transition time, utilisation, stock class, daily ration, crop yield, supplements fed, number of animals etc.

Allow stock to adjust to crop by slowly transitioning from previous diet. Build up to maximum daily allocation over time – this will take at least 14 days regardless of stock type.

This is one of the most important factors when beginning to feed fodder beet and should not be rushed.

Set up break fences to suit daily allocation of crop and continue feeding behind wire for life of crop, also put break out fences in place. Set up wide breaks with a ‘shallow’ face to suit daily allocation.

Know the weight/condition of animals before feeding and decide if you need them to put on or maintain weight.

Feed supplements first before moving onto crop break. Never put animals on crop ‘empty’.

Ensure adequate fibre is always on offer throughout duration of feeding. Ensure it is ‘effective‘ fibre.

Ensure the animals’ crude protein requirements are being met (especially if feeding mechanically harvested bulbs with no tops).

Fodder beet will retain its quality much longer than the typically used winter brassicas, flowering is often not until late spring.

For more detailed information on fodder beet contact your local Farmlands representative.

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

Plan your herbicide programme based on expected weeds and to avoid delay in correct timing of application.

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Apply post emergence fertiliser after weed control to help promote plant growth.

Ensure required nutrients are not limiting throughout growing season, a foliar tissue test may be required.

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DISCUSSIO N

Cleancrop™ brassica system Article supplied by PGG Wrightson Seeds

WHAT IS IT? The Cleancrop™ brassica system is a traditionally-bred, herbicide-tolerant cropping system that combines: 1. HT Brassica™ cultivars that are bred to be tolerant to the sulfonylurea herbicide, Telar®.

2. DuPont® Telar® herbicide, a broad spectrum herbicide, that provides excellent control of broadleaf weeds in brassica crops with Cleancrop™ brassica system technology.

3. A best practice and stewardship plan, to maximise the on-farm performance and responsible management of Cleancrop™ brassica system technology.

WHERE TO USE

Calandrinia.................... Scotch Thistle Californian Thistle*......... Shepherd’s Purse Chickweed.................... Spurrey Dandelions.................... Stinking Mayweed Docks............................ Twin Cress Fathen........................... Vetch Hawksbeard.................. White Clover Nodding Thistle............. Willow Weed Rayless Chamomile....... Wild Turnip Redroot......................... Yellow Gromwell Scarlet Pimpernel ......... Scentless Chamomile *Delay application until majority of Californian thistles have emerged and are at rosette stage.

The Cleancrop™ brassica system of HT Brassica™ seed plus Telar® herbicide shouldn’t be used in the crop rotation in the year prior to planting fodder beet or potatoes due to their crop sensitivity to Telar®.

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

The Cleancrop™ brassica system can be used where a simple weed control programme is required to control a wide range of economically important and historically difficult to control weeds.

Telar® herbicide controls the following weeds:

The Cleancrop™ brassica system rape crop sprayed with Telar® herbicide (left) and Goliath® rape sprayed with Dicamba® herbicide (right).

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DISCUSSION

New pasture sown after the rape crops. Goliath® and Dicamba® (left) and the Cleancrop™ brassica system (right).

BENEFITS FOR THE FARMER The key benefits of the Cleancrop™ brassica system are: Simplified weed control The Cleancrop™ brassica system is an integrated weed management programme that offers excellent control of key problem weeds in brassica, including wild turnip, Californian thistle, fathen, redroot, shepherd’s purse and spurrey.

2.

HT Brassica™ cultivars with excellent agronomic performance HT Brassica™ cultivars containing the Cleancrop™ brassica system technology have been bred from the very successful Plant and Food Research/PGG Wrightson Seeds joint breeding programme, Forage Innovations Ltd. In addition to their tolerance to Telar® herbicide, each cultivar, depending on species, has improved forage yield, palatability and disease and insect tolerance.

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Best practice and stewardship plan The Cleancrop™ brassica system must be implemented on-farm in accordance with the best practice and stewardship plan. Developed by PGG Wrightson Seeds and DuPont®, this programme is designed to optimise the on-farm performance of the Cleancrop™ brassica system.

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

1.

3.

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DISCUSSIO N

Drought tolerant Aber®Lasting clover Article supplied by Germinal Seeds

A caucasian clover and white clover hybrid with roots growing deeper than typically seen in clover is the latest advance in more drought tolerant pasture.

AberLasting is the first white clover/caucasian clover hybrid to combine the rhizomes (underground roots) of caucasian clover with the nutritive and nitrogen fixing qualities of white clover.

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

The result is a deeper rooted clover that makes the most of the caucasian clover’s strengths, which are its long life, tolerance of acid soils, resistance to pests and diseases and ability to tolerate heavy and continuous grazing once established.

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Above: A seed crop of AberLasting performed well into its third year, despite the presence of clover root weevil in the Canterbury region.

farmers the nitrogen fixing and agronomic payback of a reliable clover, coupled with inherent drought tolerance.

A small leaf clover, AberLasting is suitable for use in all grazing systems and particularly permanent pasture where water may be limited. The breeding of drought tolerant white clover/caucasian clover hybrids with medium and large leaves for increased yield is the next step to benefit a wider variety of pastoral farm systems.

Caucasian clover on its own can be slow to establish and has poor seed production, while white clover can be limited by its stolons (rooting stems) at ground level being less effective in dry soil.

The plant breeders behind AberLasting aimed to develop clover hybrids that would exploit the rooting vigour of caucasian clover, while retaining the high nutritive value and year round growth of white clover.

In AberLasting, the best of both parent plants have been successfully combined to offer Farmlands Grain & Seed

The influence of caucasian clover is evident in this close-up of AberLasting’s dense root growth.

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Article supplied by DairyNZ

DairyNZ, in collaboration with the New Zealand Plant Breeding Research Association (NZPBRA), have developed an evaluation tool, ‘Forage Value Index’ for use by New Zealand dairy farmers when making short term and perennial ryegrass cultivar selection decisions.

MAIN FEATURES OF THE FORAGE VALUE INDEX (FVI) • An objective, independent, economic based, ryegrass evaluation system • Combination of a cultivars performance value multiplied by its regional economic value • Based on National Forage Variety Trial (NFVT) data supplied by NZPBRA

DISCUSSION

Forage value index

DISPLAY OF INFORMATION The yearly evaluations of short-term and perennial ryegrasses are grouped based on their FVI and PV Star Rating. The elite cultivars receive five stars and the poorest performing cultivars receive one star.

Farmers can choose cultivars that meet specific pasture supply needs for their region in just five easy steps:

• FVI’s estimated for Upper North Island, Lower North Island, Upper South Island and Lower South Island.

PERFORMANCE VALUE (PV) Performance Values (PV) are routinely estimated for seasonal dry matter production during establishment, winter, early spring, late spring, summer and autumn. For seasonal dry matter production, a PV is the total increase or decrease in dry matter production over a period relative to the genetic base. Example; a late spring performance value in Upper North Island might be +200 kg DM/ha over the months of September and October.

ECONOMIC VALUE (EV)

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The DairyNZ FVI will steadily strengthen over time as more research is carried out ensuring that: • More cultivars are included in the FVI Ratings • More data on traits such as nutritive value and persistence is generated and included in FVI. For more information: www.dairynz.co.nz and keyword: fvi

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SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

Economic Values (EV’s) have been estimated for seasonal dry matter production during establishment, winter, early spring, late spring, summer and autumn for each FVI region. An economic value is the effect on profit ($/ha) of a 1-unit change of a trait. For instance if we increase dry matter production in summer by 1 kg per hectare, what is the effect on animal performance, feed conserved, supplement saved and ultimately farm profitability.

FUTURE OF THE FORAGE VALUE INDEX

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DISCUSSIO N S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

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Weed identification Weeds should be controlled early to ensure successful establishment of crops and particularly new permanent pastures. A well-timed herbicide during early establishment can make a huge difference to productivity and persistency of the pasture. Your local Technical Field Officer is there to assist you with the identification of weeds and timing of sprays and recommends you identify weed burdens early and not wait until they are clearly visible in the crop or pasture.

Annual Poa

Black Nightshade

Buttercup

Calandrinia

Californian Thistle

Chickweed

Cleavers

Cornbind

Dandelion

Dock

Fathen

Field Pansy

Fumitory

Groundsel

Hedge Mustard

Hemp Nettle

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DISCUSSION

Nettle

Nodding Thistle

Rayless Chamomile

Red Dead Nettle

Redroot

Scentless Chamomile

Scotch Thistle

Scrambling Speedwell

Shepherd’s Purse

Sorrel

Sow Thistle

Spurrey

Staggerweed

Storksbill

Twin Cress

Wild Turnip

Willow Weed

Wire Weed

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Photos supplied by Bayer CropScience and Seed Force

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

Henbit

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DISCUSSIO N S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

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Pasture and brassica pest identification

Adult White Butterfly

Argentine Stem Weevil Adult

Argentine Stem Weevil Larvae

Black Beetle Adult

Black Beetle Lavae

Black Field Cricket

Cabbage Aphid

Clover Flea

Clover Root Weevil Adult

Cutworm

Diamond Back Moth Larvae

Leaf Miner

New Zealand Grass Grub

Nysius (Wheat Bug)

Pasture Mealy Bug

Porina Catterpillar

Root Aphid

Slugs

Springtail

Tasmanian Grass Grub

Photos supplied by Bayer CropScience and AgResearch

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RYE GR ASS

Ryegrass Perennial Ryegrass Long Rotation Ryegrass Short Rotation Ryegrass Italian Ryegrass Annual Ryegrass

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

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RYE GR ASS

Perennial Ryegrass Perennial ryegrass has long been the grass of choice for permanent pastures throughout New Zealand. It establishes rapidly, yields well, tolerates a range of management practices and has high nutritive value. It is also compatible with clovers and herbs, offering an excellent all-round pasture for all grazing systems.

ABERDART HSG (High Sugar Grass)

Diploid | WE | +15 DAYS

• Excellent persistence and drought recovery. Fine leaved, densely tillered and deep rooting with excellent clover compatibility • Offers high-quality feed for all farm systems, withstands hard grazing and set stocking • Late-flowering variety with reduced aftermath heading • High energy/protein ratio, improving the efficiency of nitrogen utilisation • Excellent spring, summer and autumn production

ABERGAIN HSG (High Sugar Grass)

Tetraploid | WE | +24

• Late heading High Sugar Grass, with a unique combination of high annual dry matter yields under both grazing and conservation management • Very high palatability and digestibility providing high quality feed • Can significantly improve the utilisation of protein from grass for increased meat and milk production • Excellent early spring and late autumn growth

ABERGREEN HSG (High Sugar Grass)

Diploid | AR1, WE | +17

• High yielding, late heading High Sugar Grass • Excelling not only in dry matter production but overall feed quality • Has high digestibility under both grazing and silage managements, combined with very high silage and grazing yields • Provides a better energy/protein balance in the grass

ABERMAGIC HSG (High Sugar Grass) • • • •

Persistent, fine-leaved and densely-tillered with a deep vigorous root system Offers high feed quality for all farm systems, withstands continuous hard grazing and set stocking Late-flowering variety with reduced aftermath flowering Higher energy/protein ratio diploid perennial offering rapid establishment and excellent winter and early spring production

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

ALTO

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Diploid | AR1, WE | +19

Diploid | AR1, AR37, WE | +14

• Suitable for any farm system requiring a very persistent, high-performance, excellent all-round permanent pasture • Very densely-tillered, fine-leaved, with semi-erect growth habit • Late-flowering variety giving improved summer quality without sacrificing early spring yield • Delivers high overall yield with strong winter and summer growth

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RYE GR ASS

ANSA • • • •

Diploid | AR1 | +14

High growth rates in winter and early spring Good overall production Bred in New Zealand High tiller density

ARROW

Diploid | AR1, WE | +7

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• Excellent winter and early spring growth make it ideal for farms requiring improved early season pasture supply • Particularly suited to early calving or early lambing systems • Medium erect growing, highly-tillered perennial with good clover compatibility • Medium-late heading cultivar that breaks the relationship between later flowering cultivars and poor early season growth

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RYE GR ASS

BASE • • • •

Tetraploid | AR37, AR1 | +22

Very high tiller density Ideally suited to dairy or finishing systems under rotational grazing in high fertility environments Very late heading date Very high dry matter production particularly in autumn and winter. Selected from high yielding, densely-tillered plants that survived two years of severe drought and hard grazing

BEALEY

Tetraploid | NEA2, WE | +25

• Brings together exceptional palatability with high yields, for farm systems requiring maximum animal performance • Medium tiller density, with a more open growth habit and excellent clover compatibility • Very late heading, delivering exceptional late spring quality • Like all tetraploids, avoid pugging with cattle in wet conditions and prolonged set stocking through dry periods

BRONTE • • • •

Diploid | AR1 | +20

Strong growth rates in winter and autumn Good overall production Bred in New Zealand Very high tiller density

EXPO • • • •

Diploid | AR1, WE | +21

Fine leaved, densely tillered Suited to sheep, beef, dairy and deer in fertile conditions under set stocking or rotational grazing Late heading date Very high yielding with excellent feed quality and persistence

EXCESS • • • • •

Diploid | AR37, AR1 | +7

Perfect fit for all intensive dairy, sheep or beef systems Strongly persistent (AR37) Excellent dry matter production Mid-season heading date Boosts summer, autumn and winter feed yields

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

EXTREME®

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Diploid | AR1, WE | 0

• Medium broad-leaved and densely tillered • Strong cool season activity suitable for all farming systems. Can produce and persist better under rotational grazing • Mid-season heading date • Very high dry matter production with cool season growth and very low aftermath heading Grasslands®

• • • •

HALO

Tetraploid | AR1, AR37 | +25

Medium leaf size with high-tiller density for ryegrass type and a semi-erect growth habit Suitable for dairy and lamb fattening Very late heading Strong year-round growth with excellent summer growth and persistency, with good rust tolerance

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• • • •

Fine leaved, densely tillered Best suited to hard grazing and set stocking in medium to low fertility environments Mid-season heading date Superior persistence under harder conditions

Ceres

• • • •

Diploid | AR37, WE | 0

KINGSTON

Diploid | WE | -3

Medium leaf size and high-tiller density with semi-erect growth habit Versatile general-purpose ryegrass for sheep, beef, dairy and deer systems Mid-season heading date Ideally suited to the South Island with excellent grazing tolerance and early-spring growth, with medium rust tolerance

MATRIX Enhanced® Ryegrass • • • •

Diploid | WE, SE | +23

Persistent, very high-yielding, palatable inter-species cross diploid with high pasture quality Suitable for irrigated and dryland, dairy, sheep and beef Late heading with low aftermath heading Very strong late winter, early spring growth

NUI • • • •

Diploid | WE, SE | 0

Older cultivar that has been superseded Medium leaf size and tiller density with semi-erect growth habit Ideally suited to low-medium fertility situations, set stocking sheep and beef Mid-season heading date - the standard that all other ryegrasses are compared to

Ceres

• • • •

RYE GR ASS

KAMO

ONE50

Diploid | AR1, WE, AR37 | +20

Medium leaf size and tiller density with semi-erect growth habit Suited to dairy, sheep, beef and deer systems Late heading with low-aftermath heading Outstanding summer, autumn and winter production with excellent rust tolerance

PACIFIC

Diploid | WE, SE | +1

• Fine leaved and densely tillered • Performs well under a range of grazing systems – tolerates heavy stocking and medium to low fertility situations • Mid-season heading date • Strong autumn and winter production and good disease resistance

• • • •

PROSPECT

Diploid | AR37, AR1 | +12

Densely-tillered ryegrass with semi-erect growth habit Suitable for most farm types Mid-late season heading with low aftermath heading A high-yielding grass, especially winter and early-spring, with good persistence features and rust tolerance

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SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

Grasslands®

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RYE GR ASS

RELY • • • • •

Diploid | AR37, AR1* | 0

Robust, reliable diploid perennial ryegrass Dense tillers and fine leaves, good rust tolerance Strongly persistent (AR37) Dry matter yields that match the best in the business Good option in challenging environments

*Rely AR1 available post harvest 2015

REQUEST

Diploid | AR1, AR37 | 0

• Mid heading diploid perennial • Very low aftermath seeding, returning to leaf production by summer • Very good spring, autumn and winter production for a mid heading perennial ryegrass

ROHAN

Diploid | NEA2, WE | +18

• Specifically bred for sheep and beef systems • Unique spreading characteristic, which helps fill bare areas that would otherwise be occupied by weeds - this also helps it recover from adverse climatic conditions • Easy care pasture option with excellent persistence

RUANUI • • • •

Older cultivar that has been superseded Fine leaf size and densely-tillered with semi-erect growth habit Ideally suited to low to medium fertility situations, set stocking sheep and beef Mid-season heading date

Grasslands®

• • • •

Diploid | WE | 0

SAMSON

Medium leaf size and tiller density with semi-erect growth habit Suitable for sheep, beef, dairy and deer systems Mid-season heading date Proven persistence to a wide range of New Zealand environments, with excellent rust tolerance and annual production

STELLAR Dip Q

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

• • • •

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Diploid | AR1, WE | +8

Fine leaved with very high-tiller density and exceptionally low aftermath heading Suited to all stock types Late heading Bred for persistence, offering the latest in breeding technology, combining diploid strength with tetraploid quality

TANKER • • • •

Diploid | AR1, AR37, WE | +3

Tetraploid | WE | +16

Good overall production Strong growth rates in winter and summer Bred in New Zealand Very high tiller density

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RYE GR ASS

TROJAN

Diploid | NEA2 | +16

• A balance of features previously unseen in a perennial ryegrass: exceptional DM yield, excellent persistence, NEA2 endophyte and high feed quality • Suitable for any system – rotational grazing and set stocking • Medium to fine-leaved and densely tillered diploid with semi-erect growth habit • Late heading variety with a low level of aftermath heading, giving it better feed quality in late spring and summer

ULTRA Enhanced® Ryegrass

New and extremely high-yielding, palatable inter-species cross diploid with high pasture quality Suitable for all livestock types and grazing systems Late heading with low aftermath heading Very strong late winter, early spring growth, with high year-round yields

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• • • •

Diploid | AR1, WE | +20

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RYE GR ASS

Long Rotation Ryegrass Long rotation ryegrass falls between perennial and short-rotation ryegrass in both growth and persistence. Varieties vary widely depending on their breeding. Some are more similar to short rotation ryegrass and some closer to perennial ryegrass. Long rotation grasses are also available with different endophyte options.

BANQUET® II

Tetraploid | Endo5, WE | +18 DAYS

• Fine leaved and densely tillered • Rotational grazing will give optimum performance. Moderate periods of set stocking are possible under non-stress conditions • Late season heading date • Selected for improved digestibility and increased water-soluble carbohydrate levels

JETA • • • •

Tetraploid | AR1 | +10

Very robust and adaptable, 80% perennial, 20% Italian Suitable for grazing, silage and finishing Late-season heading date Very reliable early and late production offering good winter, spring and summer growth

KAI • • • •

New, very high-yielding tetraploid with high ME and digestibility Suitable for all livestock types and grazing systems Late heading with low aftermath heading Very strong cool season growth, with high year-round yields

Grasslands®

• • • •

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

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OHAU

Tetraploid | AR1, AR37, WE | +8

Medium leaf size and tiller density with erect growth habit Suitable for dairy and high-end beef and lamb finishing systems Mid-late season heading date Excellent early spring growth and quality with good rust tolerance

Grasslands®

• • • •

Tetraploid | WE | +20

SUPREME PLUS

Diploid | AR1, WE | +15

Fine to medium-leaf size with high-tiller density and a semi-erect growth habit Ideal for Southland sheep and beef systems Late season heading date Strong winter and early spring production with medium rust tolerance

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Short rotation ryegrasses, also called hybrid ryegrasses, are generally a cross between an annual or Italian ryegrass and a perennial ryegrass. They are typically sown to provide a three to five year pasture and a number of cultivars contain endophyte, which improves persistence in summer-dry areas.

DELISH® • • • •

Tetraploid | AR1, WE | +9 DAYS

Fine leaved and densely tillered Recommended for use on farms wanting to achieve maximum animal productivity Late heading date Highly palatable with improved disease resistance and persistence

MANAWA • • • •

Diploid | WE | +15

Older cultivar that has been superseded Medium-leaved and medium-tillered with semi-erect growth habit Suited to medium to low fertility and harsher environments Late heading date

MAVERICK GII • • • •

RYE GR ASS

Short Rotation Ryegrass

Diploid | WE | +17

Fine leaved and densely tillered Recommended for situations where maximum animal productivity is required Late heading date with low aftermath heading Increased dry matter production in spring and summer

SHOGUN

Tetraploid | NEA-type | +26

• Has exceptional total DM yield for a hybrid, combining excellent cool-season growth with exceptional yield and summer quality • Erect, broad-leaved, tetraploid-hybrid ryegrass, ideal as a three year pasture option • Very late flowering with excellent summer feed quality • Shogun’s endophyte is a naturally occurring NEA-type strain that provides protection against a variety of insect pests, similar to NEA2 in Bealey

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

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RYE GR ASS

Italian Ryegrass Italian ryegrasses are most commonly sown to provide multiple grazings of highquality feed through winter and spring. In summer mild areas (e.g. Southland) or under irrigation, they can persist for two to three years. However in summer-dry areas they generally only persist for nine months to two years. They are often used in undersowing situations to boost winter and spring pasture productivity.

ABERNICHE HSG (High Sugar Grass) • • • • •

Festulolium | +12 DAYS

Tetraploid festulolium, 90% Italian ryegrass and 10% meadow fescue X Provides significantly higher digestibility over Italian ryegrass Bred through natural hybridisation to increase stress resistance, including winter hardiness and drought resistance Significantly improved water use efficiency, proven in simulated drought trials Can be combined in short term mixes with Italian or hybrid ryegrass

ACCELERATE • • • •

Erect diploid with high-tiller density, late maturing and high yielding Versatile option for a wide range of uses Late heading date Excellent all-year-round production and quality, capable of handling tough conditions

Grasslands®

• • • •

Diploid | +15

ASSET

Diploid | +14

Fine-leaved and densely-tillered with high production Late season heading date A persistent type with high production, low stem content in summer and excellent rust tolerance Available with AR37 endophyte

CORDURA • • • •

Diploid | +12

Dense, upright broad-leaved Ideal for short rotation pastures or part of a permanent pasture mix Late heading date Rapid establishment and good persistence into second and subsequent years

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

FEAST© II

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• • • •

Tetraploid | +17

Fine leaved, tetraploid Can be used to significantly increase the winter and spring production of pasture Late heading date with low aftermath heading Superior disease resistance, enhanced persistence and excellent summer quality

ICON • • • •

Diploid | +7

Very aggressive, densely-tillered, diploid cultivar with superior forage quality Suitable for grazing, conservation and stitching in for paddock maintenance Mid heading date Very high water soluble carbohydrates and maintains very good quality later into the season

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• • • •

Diploid | +11

Dense and finely tillered Suited to all stock types, especially dairy, with its high quality and utilisation Late heading date The quality of a tetraploid with the robustness of a diploid

JEANNE

RYE GR ASS

INDULGENCE Dip Q

Tetraploid | +12

• Good growth • High feed value • Low aftermath heading

LUSH (available post-harvest 2015) • • • • •

Tetraploid | AR37 | +17

High yielding tetraploid Italian with AR37 Strong winter/spring growth Fantastic summer yields and quality (low aftermath heading) Exceptional disease resistance Excellent second year yields and persistence

MOATA • • • • •

Older cultivar that has been superseded Broad leaved with relatively low tiller numbers and very erect growth habit Suited to rotational grazing, sheep, beef and dairy Late heading date Establishes quickly and is suitable for a short-term pasture (one to two years)

PERUN • • • •

Diploid | +17

Very high-yielding, densely-tillered, robust diploid Suitable for all livestock types and grazing systems Late heading with low aftermath heading Fast establishing with very strong cool season growth and high year-round yields

TABU

Diploid | +13

High-performance, two to four year pasture Very fast establishing diploid with good persistence for an Italian ryegrass Late heading, with seed heads more palatable than perennial ryegrass Suitable for all systems either as a short-term pasture or for undersowing to provide a boost to run out pastures

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• • • •

Festulolium | +12

Very aggressive, densely-tillered inter-species cross tetraploid, with superior forage quality Suitable for grazing, conservation and stitching in for paddock maintenance Late heading date Very tough and robust, this is a very adaptable species that will stand up to very cold winters, hot summers and under good conditions will offer you impressive yields of the highest quality pasture

SONIK • • • •

Tetraploid | +16

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RYE GR ASS

Annual Ryegrass Annual ryegrasses are fast establishing and used for high-quality, short-term winter feed. They provide multiple grazing through the winter and spring. They are generally only used as a six to eight month winter crop prior to sowing a summer crop.

ARCHIE • • • •

Tetraploid | +13 DAYS

Ideal eight to twelve month crop with excellent winter performance Fast-establishing westerwolds ryegrass, with large leaves and upright habit Late heading date Offers a high-quality, winter feed option between cereal silage or summer brassica crops

HOGAN (available post harvest 2015)

Tetraploid | +16

• Very quick establishment • Excellent winter and spring dry matter yields • Ideal as a winter crop providing fast, high quality feed over a six to eight month period

JIVET • • • •

Very aggressive, excellent-yielding variety with superior winter and spring production Suitable for conservation or grazing Late heading date Excellent quality and winter growth

Ceres

• • • •

Tetraploid | +18

PROGROW

Diploid | +13

Medium leaf size annual with high-tiller density and a semi-erect growth habit Suitable for sheep, beef, dairy and deer systems Late season heading date Very quick autumn establishment and winter growth that tolerates high stock pressure

SULTAN

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

• • • •

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Diploid | +15

Fast-establishing diploid Westerwold annual Suited to a range of uses with its palatability and very high yields Late heading date Strong autumn/winter/spring activity and a new level of production from annual ryegrass

TAMA • • • • •

Tetraploid | +13

Older cultivar that has been superseded Broad leaved with relatively low tiller numbers and very erect growth habit Suitable for autumn sowing to provide large amounts of quality feed in spring Late heading date Establishes quickly and has good cool-season growth

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RYE GR ASS

WINTER STAR© II

Tetraploid | +9

• Autumn sow for quality autumn, winter and spring feed - suitable for grazing or conserved feed • Late heading date • Fast establishing and very high yielding. Ideal for sowing into existing pasture

ZOOM Very fast establishing, high-yielding tetraploid, capable of multi-grazings Ideal as a high-yield winter feed or break crop and silage Late heading date with low aftermath heading High winter and spring yields and ideal silage crop

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• • • •

Tetraploid | +16

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37

RYE GR ASS

Ryegrass Continuum PERENNIAL RYEGRASS Bealey (Tetraploid)..............................+25 days Halo (Tetraploid)..................................+25 days

Jeta (Tetraploid)..................................+10 days Ohau (Tetraploid)..................................+8 days

SHORT ROTATION RYEGRASS

AberGain HSG (Tetraploid)..................+24 days Matrix Enhanced................................+23 days Base (Tetraploid).................................+22 days Expo...................................................+21 days Ultra Enhanced...................................+20 days One50..................................................+20 days Bronte ...............................................+20 days

Manawa.............................................+15 days Delish (Tetraploid).................................+9 days

ITALIAN RYEGRASS Feast II (Tetraploid)..............................+17 days

Rohan................................................+18 days

Sonik..................................................+17 days

AberGreen HSG.................................+17 days

Lush (Tetraploid).................................+17 days

Trojan.................................................+16 days

Moata (Tetraploid)...............................+16 days

Tanker (Tetraploid)...............................+16 days

Accelerate..........................................+15 days

AberDart HSG....................................+15 days

Asset..................................................+14 days

Alto.....................................................+14 days

Tabu...................................................+13 days

Ansa...................................................+14 days

Aberniche...........................................+12 days

Prospect.............................................+12 days

Cordura..............................................+12 days

Stellar Dip Q.........................................+8 days

Jeanne (Tetraploid)..............................+12 days

Arrow...................................................+7 days

Perun.................................................+12 days

Excess.................................................+7 days

Indulgence Dip Q................................+11 days

Samson................................................+3 days

Icon......................................................+7 days

Extreme................................................. 0 days

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

Maverick GII.......................................+17 days

AberMagic HSG.................................+19 days

Pacific..................................................+1 days

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Shogun (Tetraploid).............................+26 days

ANNUAL RYEGRASS

Kamo.................................................... 0 days

Jivet (Tetraploid)..................................+18 days

Nui......................................................... 0 days

Zoom (Tetraploid)................................+16 days

Rely....................................................... 0 days

Hogan (Tetraploid)..............................+16 days

Request................................................. 0 days

Sultan.................................................+15 days

Ruanui.................................................... 0 days

Archie (Tetraploid)...............................+13 days

Kingston................................................-3 days

Progrow.............................................+13 days

LONG ROTATION RYEGRASS

Tama (Tetraploid)................................+13 days Winter Star II (Tetraploid).......................+9 days

Kai (Tetraploid)....................................+20 days Banquet II (Tetraploid).........................+18 days Supreme............................................+15 days Farmlands Grain & Seed

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O THE R GR AS S ES

Other Grasses Cocksfoot Sundry Tall Fescue

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OTH E R GR ASSE S

Cocksfoot Cocksfoot is a very persistent perennial grass. It will tolerate moisture stress through summer, moderate soil fertility, insect attack and continual set stocking. It is a valuable grass in summer-dry regions with moderate soil fertility.

Cocksfoot is slow to establish and tolerant to grass grub. Newer, fine-leaved varieties are much more compatible with ryegrass and less dominating of pasture mixes than traditional types.

ATHOS • • • •

A very good mid-maturity variety Finer leaf that is preferred by stock and handles intense grazing Suitable companion species or as a single species in a pasture mix Very persistent and palatable

GREENLY • New technology cocksfoot with upright growth habit and quick establishment • Extremely soft and upright leaves leading to high palatability and utilisation with non-clumping characteristics • Suited to all stock types due to its soft palatable leaves • When persistence is paramount, this modern cocksfoot performs in tough environments

KARA • Medium tiller density with an upright growth habit • Medium to large-leaf size - depending on moisture, fertility and grazing pressure • Use as a sole grass or a non-aggressive component in pasture mixes for dryland environments where persistency is a priority • Very strong winter growth - ideal grass where summer-dry periods limit ryegrass pasture growth and persistency

SAFIN

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

• New type of ‘superfine’ cocksfoot, finer leaved than Ella • High total dry matter yield with significantly better spring growth - critical for dryland farm systems for lambing and calving • Finer and denser than most cocksfoots, with more tillers

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SAVVY • • • •

Rapid establishment for a cocksfoot High autumn and winter production High quality and leafy in summer Excellent disease tolerance

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O THE R GR AS S ES

TEKAPO • E arly flowering variety that is less dominating than other fine-leaved cultivars, allowing a high clover content in the sward • Fine leaved and densely tillered • Suitable for set stocking and hard rotational grazing in sheep and beef systems. Best suited to low to medium fertility soils • Improved animal performance and excellent drought tolerance

VISION • Finer and softer leaved, more densely-tillered cocksfoot • Ideal for drier environments or summer-proofing ryegrass pastures • Less aggressive and less clumpy than traditional cocksfoots SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

WANA • Older, very persistent cocksfoot • Prostrate, hardy and thoroughly proven • Suitable for more marginal dryland conditions and sheep grazing

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OTH E R GR ASSE S

Sundry Brome grasses encompass several species suited to free-draining soils of moderate to high fertility, particularly in lower rainfall areas. They do not persist as well on poorly-drained soils. They are very palatable, including their seed heads. Brome grass includes the more winter active, less persistent prairie grass, along with the more persistent pasture brome and grazing brome.

Phalaris is a deep-rooted, persistent, perennial, rhizomatous grass with good drought tolerance. It has good winter and early spring production, however, summer production is dependent on the environment, as plants are capable of going dormant through the summer. Sown only as a minor component of pasture mixes at 1-3kg/ha and for animal health reasons, avoid pure swards.

Phalaris is tolerant to grass grub.

Timothy is a late-flowering perennial grass with high-nutritive value. It performs best on high-fertility, heavy soils, in colder, summer-wet areas, e.g. Southland.

It will persist poorly in dry areas and under continual intense grazing pressure.

Timothy is mainly sown as a minor component in a pasture mix at 1-2kg/ha.

ATOM Prairie Grass • Large leaf size and low tiller density with an upright growth habit • Used for short/medium term, high-quality pastures for rotational grazing on free-draining soils with moderate to good fertility • More densely tillered than other prairie grasses, increasing persistence under grazing • Highly-palatable forage even in seed head stage, provides strong cool-season yields and summer production when moisture allows

BARENO Pasture Brome • • • •

Persistent, drought tolerant option suited to situations where ryegrass doesn’t persist well Drought-tolerant, deep-rooting cultivar that persists best on free-draining soils Moderately densely tillered with good palatability and legume compatibility Best suited to sheep, beef and deer systems – can be rotationally grazed or set stocked

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BARRIER COMBO Pasture mix

42

• A ready to use perennial pasture mix containing a meadow fescue X perennial ryegrass with the GrubOUT® U2 endophyte, plus white clover • Improved persistence against grass grub, black beetle, porina, field crickets, Argentine stem weevil • Safe for sheep, cattle and deer (won’t cause grass staggers) • High livestock performance • Highly palatable

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O THE R GR AS S ES

MARU Phalaris • • • •

Large leaf size, medium tiller density, with a semi-erect to prostrate growth habit Ideal in permanent, dryland pasture mixes where persistence is a strong requirement Very drought tolerant with deep rhizomatous roots that are resistant to grass grub Strong autumn, winter and spring growth - a useful grass in summer dry areas

MATUA Prairie Grass • • • • •

Large leaves with an erect growing habit Winter active, moderate drought tolerance but can be short-lived under hard grazing Requires free draining soils - life span severely affected by water-logging Palatable to stock at all growth stages (including seed heads) Suitable for rotational grazing by all classes of stock

GALA Grazing Brome • • • •

Small to medium-leaf size, densely tillered with a prostrate to semi-erect growth habit For high-quality permanent pastures in summer-dry areas with free-draining soils Persistent and highly-palatable with strong, cool-season yields Very tolerant of set stocking and periodic hard grazing, even during summer-dry periods

SUMMERGRAZE Timothy Very high-performance variety, well adapted for local conditions Good spring, summer and autumn production Suitable for grazing and hay Excellent quality and persistence with good early spring performance

YORKSHIRE FOG GRASS • Often used in forestry to revegetate logged areas, for erosion control and roadside revegetation • Adapts readily to wet, low fertility situations • Must be managed to prevent dead matter build up in pasture base

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• • • •

43

OTH E R GR ASSE S

Tall Fescue Tall fescue is a deep-rooted, perennial grass more tolerant of hot summers, poorly-drained soils and saline conditions than perennial ryegrass.

Careful establishment during periods of adequate soil moisture and warm soil temperatures is recommended, due to its slow seedling establishment. Once established, it is tolerant to grass grub and clover friendly.

Correct spring grazing management is also important with this species.

Tall Fescue varieties are available with our without endophyte. Protek and MaxP are novel endophytes that are safe on animals and increase persistence, production, and tolerance to insects (including black beetle). Tall fescue plants with endophyte have a greater ability to survive and recover quickly from droughts due to the reduction in plant stress caused by insect feeding. The MaxP endophyte provides protection again Argentine stem weevil, black beetle adult, root aphid and pasture mealy bug.

EASTON

Max P

• Very high summer and autumn production • Higher water-use efficiency than ryegrass • Tolerant to insects, drought and saline conditions

FINESSE Q

WE

• High yielding and high quality with semi-late heading • Densely tillered with soft palatable leaves • Unique oceanic type, offering the advantage of producing feed across the seasons compared to more summer or winter active types • Its high palatability and production across the seasons ensures quality and performance in a range of environments

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QUANTUM II

44

• • • •

Robust, very early heading, New Zealand-bred tall fescue Moderately soft leaved Summer active Improved disease resistance and excellent annual dry matter production

TOWER • • • • •

Max P, WE

Protek, WE

Palatable with a late heading date High tiller density and grazing tolerance Good production Easy to manage Grass grub tolerant and persistent

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CLOV E R

Clover White Clover Red Clover Annual Clover

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CLOV E R

White Clover White clover is a perennial clover that tolerates a wide range of management systems and has a very high feed value. Its ability to fix nitrogen makes it a good companion species with grasses in a pasture mix. A relationship exists between the size of the clover leaf and the stolon density of the plant.

As leaf size increases, the stolon density decreases. A larger leaf size generally means a higher potential yield. However, higher stolon density is desirable in some situations as it gives better plant tolerance to pugging, pests, drought and set stocking.

ABERLASTING Caucasian White Clover X

Leaf Size Small

• The first variety from the IBERS White Clover Breeding Programme to incorporate traits from White Clover and Caucasian Clover, a closely related and highly drought-tolerant species • All the characteristics of a small leaf white clover including stolons but also has rhizomes from the Caucasian Clover • It is suitable for use in permanent pasture where water may be limited and in all grazing systems • Developed to be more drought-tolerant and persistent

ABERACE Small • Bred specifically for continuous sheep grazing in all conditions • Has an exceptionally dense network of stolons, allowing it to persist well under the most rigorous of sheep grazing systems • Very small leaved white clover with improved ground cover and yield • Adapted to harsh upland conditions • Can also be used in blends with other varieties of differing leaf sizes and will provide a very dense base to any clover blend

ABERDANCE

Medium

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

• This medium leaf white clover offers flexibility of being suitable for hard grazing and cutting • Is sufficiently winter hardy and has good cool season activity, therefore very suitable to many parts of New Zealand • It gives high yields and shows good survival in systems ranging from continuous sheep grazing through to rotational sheep and dairy/cattle grazing • Can be used where the ability to be flexible is key, and in medium or long-term pasture

46

ABERNORMOUS • • • •

Large

A new high yielding large leaf white clover with high stolon density for greater persistency Suitable for rotational dairy/cattle grazing and high production silage pastures Retains high digestibility throughout the season Bred for stress tolerance, grazing tolerance, pest and disease resistance

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CLOV E R

APEX • • • •

Medium

A medium-leaved white clover with high yield Higher stolen density than Huia, with improved drought and pest tolerance Apex is suitable for all sheep, beef and deer systems In AgResearch sheep grazing trials, Apex out-yielded Huia by 23% with better growth in all seasons

BOUNTY • • • •

High-yielding, medium-leaf white clover High stolon density to allow excellent persistence Suitable for all stock types, performs best under rotational grazing, though can be set stocked Bred for greater autumn activity

DEMAND • • • •

Medium

Thoroughly proven, high-yielding, medium-leafed, persistent variety Very high stolon density Suitable for use in all pasture mixes and for all livestock types Proven strong persistence and N fixation ability

Medium

Older cultivar that has been superseded Medium leaved and medium yielding clover Medium stolon density Suitable for all farming types, very easily managed The standard white clover that all others are compared to

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HUIA • • • • •

Medium

47

CLOV E R

KLONDIKE Large • High growth rates • Large leaf and erect growth for compatibility with high yielding ryegrass • Good stolon density

KOPU II • • • •

Large

Very high yielding Very high stolon density that aids rapid growth and recovery Suited to rotational grazing with all stock types, with excellent growth all year round High feed quality with improved soluble carbohydrate levels and enhanced clover root weevil tolerance

KOTARE • • • •

Large

Very high-yielding, large-leaved cultivar Offering a combination of a large leaf size and higher stolon density Best suited to dairying or rotational beef grazing High total yield and high stolon density for a large leaved clover

LEGACY • • • •

New Zealand bred, new generation large leaf white clover Ideal for dairy and intensive cattle systems High tolerance to clover root weevil Higher yielding than Kopu II

Grasslands®

• • • •

Large

MAINSTAY

A large-leaf cultivar with improved production and persistence High stolon density Suited to high-performance pastures, particularly under cattle grazing High yield and competitiveness with fast-growing grasses

NOMAD • • • •

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

48

Small-Medium

A small to medium-leaved white clover Very high stolon density Designed to be the base clover under sheep grazing in drier regions A very high-producing variety in dry conditions, showing strong stolon recovery after periods of moisture stress and grazing

PRESTIGE • • • •

Large

Small-Medium

A small to medium-leaved white clover Very high stolon density Bred for persistence and performance under sheep grazing, especially in summer moist regions A proven variety with exceptional ability to spread and provide ground cover

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• • • •

Medium-Large

Medium to large leaf size with good frost tolerance and winter growth Excellent stolon density, ensuring good persistence Performs well under rotational grazing or set stocking of any stock type Bred for tolerance to clover root weevil

RIESLING • • • •

Medium

Medium leaf size High stolon density Suitable for all classes of stock Very reliable white clover that makes a great companion with a wide range of varieties and mixtures

TAHORA II • • • •

CLOV E R

QUEST

Small

Small-leaf white clover with more growing points to improve growth recovery Dense stolon structure gives excellent persistence Suitable for all stock types, ideal for set stocking regimes – can be grazed hard Easy care – can tolerate lower fertility, oversows well

TRIBUTE

Medium-Large

• A medium to large-leaved white clover with tolerance to clover root weevil • Medium to high stolon density • The ideal base clover in all pasture mixes, due to its combination of leaf size and persistence under grazing • Very high seasonal and total dry matter production

WEKA

Medium-Large

• Medium to large-leaved, very high-yielding white clover • Very high stolon density giving improved grazing, treading and pest tolerance, resulting in better persistence • Suited to all farm systems, Weka can be combined with Apex for sheep, beef and deer farms or Kotare in dairy operations • The combination of yield and persistence helps provide excellent production and animal performance

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CLOV E R

Red Clover Red clover is a short-lived, tap-root legume with a high feed value. It has good summer growth and drought tolerance, providing high-quality feed over the summer months when moisture is limiting growth for many other species. Red clover has little activity through winter and overgrazing during these months should be avoided to minimise plant deaths. Generally red clover will persist for about two to four years.

HAMUA BROAD RED • • • • •

Older cultivar that has been superseded Erect growth habit, with medium to large leaves High oestrogen levels Suitable for use in situations requiring early hay/silage crops Short-term clover with a lower yield potential than the other new cultivars

PAWERA • • • • •

Older cultivar that has been superseded Erect growth habit, with large leaves High oestrogen levels Suitable for hay/silage and finishing pastures, providing a bulk of feed with high levels of tannin Winter dormant and good drought tolerance

ROSSI • • • •

Excellent quality feed with large leaf size Medium oestrogen levels to aid longevity Include in pasture mixes or in specialist finishing crops to boost quality Bred for persistence, chosen for good disease tolerance (sclerotinia and mildew)

RAJAH • • • •

Diploid, medium to late flowering Has a medium leaf size for a red clover Low oestrogen levels Very tolerant to grazing and conservation with good persistence

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SENSATION

50

• • • •

Upright growth nature with medium/large leaf size Low-medium oestrogen level Suitable for beef, dairy and deer systems High-yielding, early-flowering type with excellent early spring growth

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CLOV E R

TUROA MONTGOMERY • • • •

Older cultivar that has been superseded Erect growth habit with medium leaves Medium to high oestrogen For situations where grazing/supplementary feed is required from red clover swards

TUSCAN • • • •

Semi-prostrate diploid with medium leaf size, selected for improved persistence under grazing Early flowering with medium oestrogen levels Best suited to systems operating a longer grazing rotation through summer High summer yield and superior persistence under grazing

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CLOV E R

Annual Clover Annual clovers, such as subterranean clover, are important pasture components in summer-dry environments where perennial clovers struggle to survive. Most annual legumes are from the Mediterranean region, adapted to summer-dry and winter-moist climates. Seed is planted in autumn at high rates and in the first year, annual clovers must be allowed to reseed through reducing or stopping grazing through flowering in spring until successful seed set has occurred. Their hard seed lies dormant through the summer before regenerating with autumn rains.

COOLAMAN Sub Clover • • • •

Mid-season flowering Best adapted to moderately acid, well-drained soils High seedling regeneration, providing dense swards for high herbage production in early to mid-spring High seed production and hard seed levels providing a large seed bank for following years

LEURA Sub Clover • Prostrate growth habit producing a low, dense sward • Late season flowering • Relatively soft seeded, though sets sufficient seed to ensure reliable regeneration of plant populations.

Contains very low levels of oestrogen – does not cause fertility problems • Most suited to areas with dry summer conditions, excellent overall production

NARRIKUP Sub Clover • • • •

Red Legged Earth Mite (RLEM) tolerance Mid flowering, making it well suited to New Zealand conditions High yielding, new breeding For dryland permanent pasture

ROSABROOK Sub Clover Red Legged Earth Mite (RLEM) tolerance Late flowering, making it well suited to New Zealand conditions High yielding, new breeding For dryland permanent pasture

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

• • • •

BOLTA Balansa Clover

52

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• An annual legume that can regenerate if allowed to seed • Normally planted in autumn with oats or annual ryegrass for spring grazing, hay or silage • Also under-sown in spring with brassica crops (e.g. rape) to boost production and diversity of diet after the second grazing • Can be spring-sown with Italian ryegrass for lamb finishing crops • Tolerates heavy soils

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CLOV E R

Sub clover (L) has a comparatively larger seed size than White clover (R), resulting in a higher sowing rate requirement.

LIGHTNING Persian Clover • • • •

Annual regenerating clover with soft seed Suited to more than 600mm annual rainfall and clay soils Produces best in higher pH soils (5.5 to 7.0) Strong spring growth

STRAWBERRY Clover • • • •

Very persistent legume that spreads by stolons and re-seeding Suited for more than 600mm annual rainfall and clay soils Tolerant of a wider range of soil types and climates A more persistent alternative to white clover in marginal environments

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CLOV E R S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

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HE R B S

Herbs Chicory Plantain

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HE R B S

Herbs Chicory is a broad-leaved, tap-rooted, drought-tolerant herb. Normally sown as part of a pasture mix at 1-2kg/ha but increasingly sown in pure swards (68kg/ha). Chicory gives high stock performance and has high-quality summer growth. Usually persists for two to five years.

Plantain is a deep-rooted, mineral-rich, drought-tolerant herb. Recommended in a mixture with grasses, legumes and other herbs at 1-2kg/ha. It usually persists for three to five years in a mixed pasture sward. Recently, pure swards of plantain (8-10kg/ha) have shown to have a role on farms with high-fertility sheep flocks and summer-dry climates.

501 Chicory • • • •

High quality multigraze crop option Establishes rapidly Has excellent dry matter yield with good insect tolerance Can be sown as a summer crop alone, or in a mix with red clover

CHICO Chicory Erect growing, high-yielding chicory, highly suitable as a summer crop Summer active, with improved winter growth and strong drought tolerance Very high-quality, nutritious summer feed Very high livestock performance compared to pasture and other summer feeds

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

• • • •

56

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HE R B S

CHOICE Chicory • High-quality, mineral-rich forage with large leaves and an erect growth habit • Excellent spring, summer and autumn producer with increased cool-season growth and excellent drought tolerance • A truly perennial chicory cultivar • Ideal for brassica/herb blends where cool-season growth is important

PUNA II Chicory • • • •

A New Zealand-bred, broad-leaved, perennial forage herb of high nutritional quality Produces high yields from spring to late autumn Thick, deep taproot allows excellent drought tolerance and mineral extraction Very high summer productivity and outstanding animal performance

PUNTER Chicory High-yielding, perennial forage chicory selection Outstanding summer productivity and quality with drought tolerance due to deep-rooting ability Deep-rooted species enhancing mineral uptake Improved establishment vigour

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• • • •

57

HE R B S

BOSTON Plantain • • • •

Erect type with broad leaves and dark green in colour Summer active with deep roots to ensure drought tolerance, winter dormancy improving persistency Remains vegetative longer into the summer months due to late flowering Rapid to establish with small seed size allowing low sowing rate

Ceres

A mineral-rich, perennial, grazing herb with a large leaf and an erect growth habit Excellent all-year-round growth and good drought tolerance Very easy and fast to establish Superior winter growth Can be sown as part of a pasture or brassica mix, or as a sole stand to improve animal production

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

• • • • •

TONIC Plantain

58

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LUCE R NE

Lucerne

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LUCE R NE

Lucerne Lucerne is an erect-growing, taprooted, perennial plant grown as a specialist crop in pure stands for grazing or supplementary feed. It prefers well-drained pH-neutral soils. It is most successfully established from spring sowing at 10-15kg/ha. A winter activity scale (1-10; in which 10 is the most active) is used to measure the amount of growth during winter, the majority of cultivars available in New Zealand are semi-dormant or dormant through winter.

Winter Activity Rating

FORCE 4 • • • •

4

A leading variety with multiple stems, an upright growth habit and high leaf/stem ratio Proven agronomic performance Robust variety under cutting and grazing with high yields of quality forage Excellent disease and pest ratings

FORCE 5 • • • •

5

A versatile and persistent lucerne developed for grazing under set stocking conditions Good disease and pest resistance Provides large amounts of high quality feed through mid to late spring, summer and autumn A high leaf to stem ratio with a low/dense crown

FORCE 7

7

• Developed for grazing under set stocking conditions • Ideal option for farms already with existing winter dormant lucerne stands • Suitable for grazing and/or cutting systems with large amounts of high quality feed through spring, summer and autumn • Good pest and disease resistance

KAITUNA

5

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

• Fine-stemmed, New Zealand-developed lucerne • Semi-winter dormant – highly productive in spring and summer, with later autumn and early spring growth • Versatile - suitable for grazing, mixed regimes or hay/silage • Selected for improved resistance to a range of New Zealand pests and diseases

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LUCE R NE

Pioneer® brand 54V09

4

• Winter dormant with excellent winter hardiness • Ideal for grazing as well as lucerne silage and high-quality hay • Highly resistant to Phytophthora Root Rot, Verticillium Wilt, Bacterial Wilt and Stem Nematode Pioneer® brand 55Q27

5

• Winter dormant with excellent winter hardiness • Exceptional forage yield potential and quality • Highly resistant to Phytophthora Root Rot, Verticillium Wilt, Bacterial Wilt, Fusarium Wilt and Stem Nematode • Suitable for grazing, silage or hay Pioneer® brand 55V50

5

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SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

• Winter dormant with excellent winter hardiness • Highly resistant to Phytophthora Root Rot, Verticillium Wilt and Bacterial Wilt.

• Fast recovery after cutting makes 55V50 an excellent option for hay and silage producers as well as livestock farmers who plan to graze their stands

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LUCE R NE

STAMINA 5

5

• Semi-winter dormant with little winter growth but excellent yield through the warmer months • Ideally suited for grazing, tolerates prolonged set-stocking and close grazing • Has good overall resistance to most lucerne diseases

TORLESSE

4

• Leafy, with multiple fine stems and a low crown, ideal for grazing/supplementary feed • Produces large volumes of feed over spring, summer and autumn. Winter dormant • Intense selection pressure has provided resistance to most diseases and insects, including blue green aphid and stem nematode

WAIRAU Older cultivar that has been superseded Multi-stemmed (high stem to leaf ratio), with a higher crown than newer cultivars Winter dormant Most suited to hay/baleage with limited grazing Susceptible to most common lucerne diseases

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

• • • • •

2

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B R ASSICA

Brassica Kale Rape Swedes Turnips Leafy Turnips

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

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B R ASSICA

Kale Kale is typically sown in spring for a single graze winter crop. It will perform best on moist, fertile soils where it will out yield swedes – although it also has good tolerance to dry conditions. It is generally unaffected by insect attack and mostly tolerant to club root and dry rot making it a suitable second crop option. Kale is suitable for all stock types, however the giant types are best grown for cattle grazing only.

In some circumstances, a late summer graze is possible, although this must be light if regrowth is required.

CALEDONIAN • I deally suited to cattle. Combines very high dry matter yields with high-quality stems • Tall kale but has soft, marrow-type stems of similar quality to shorter leafy types • Maturity date of 150 to 220 days, with good tolerance to aphids and club root and is very winter hardy • High stem quality helps improve cow live weight gain over traditional tall kales

COLEOR • • • •

Reliable, high-yielding winter feed suitable for sheep, cattle and deer Medium stem height, with very high leaf-to-stem ratio and finer stems Good disease tolerance and strong winter hardiness High in dry matter content, ME and digestibility, with good utilisation potential

FUEL • • • •

Use in situations where quality and yield are paramount, ideally suited to cattle and deer Intermediate type with excellent leaf-to-stem ratios, maturity 180-200 days Fantastic tolerance to brassica diseases Recognised with its deep dark green colour and high yields of quality feed

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

GRUNER

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• Best suited to cattle • High yielding with the highest leaf percentage of all giant type kales, maturing 150-220 days after sowing • Good aphid and clubroot tolerance • Excellent frost tolerance and good leaf-holding capability

INKA • • • •

Use where yield is paramount, ideally suited to cattle A tall variety with medium leaf-to-stem ratio, maturity 180-200 days Very good disease tolerance A very high-yielding giant kale with good lodging tolerance in tough environments

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B R ASSICA

KESTREL • • • •

Medium height kale with excellent leaf/stem ratio (greater than 50% leaf) Suitable for all stock types, superior animal production ideal for late summer lamb finishing Excellent crop utilisation due to highly-digestible stem, bred for low levels of SMCO Good regrowth if lightly grazed during the summer. Second crop option

REGAL® • • • •

High yielding intermediate-height kale Suitable for all stock types with a high leaf-to-stem ratio (greater than 45% leaf) Very good winter hardiness and excellent pest and disease tolerance Excellent crop utilisation due to selection of low stem fibre

PROTEOR • • • • •

A proven high yielding kale of intermediate stem height High stem to leaf ratio (+50% leaf) Good winter hardiness Good aphid and disease tolerance Low nitrate and SMCO content

SOVEREIGN • • • •

VOLTAGE • • • •

Suitable for all classes of stock, especially sheep and young stock Medium height kale, maturity 180-200 days Excellent disease tolerance Leafy variety with good levels of protein with high crop utilisation achievable

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A medium/tall, late-flowering kale with good yield potential, high leaf-to-stem ratio Ideally suited to cattle, sheep and deer grazing High proportion of leaf for a medium/tall kale, providing quality late into winter A proven and popular kale, a frequent winner of winter feed competitions, with high yields and large leaf area

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B R ASSICA

Rape Rape is a versatile brassica option for summer, autumn or winter feed and can be used as a multi-graze or single-graze crop. It can be grown on lower fertility soils than most other brassicas and can be sown alone or in mixtures from early spring through to late summer. It has a higher leaf-to-stem ratio than kale and is faster maturing (70 to 110 days). However, ensure crops are fully mature before grazing and introduce them slowly into the diet to prevent animal health issues.

GOLIATH® • • • •

Rape/kale interspecies cross for excellent summer, autumn and early winter feed High-yielding, multi-graze giant rape. Maturity of 90-110 days Good aphid tolerance Superior regrowth potential with good winter keeping properties

GREENLAND • • • •

Versatile summer, autumn, winter feed option for all stock types Traditional 70-90 day maturity, medium plant height, leafy type Good disease tolerance Very late flowering with high yields, excellent leaf-to-stem ratios and multi-graze flexibility

INTERVAL • Hardy, high-yielding tall rape, for a summer or autumn/winter forage crop for sheep, cattle and deer grazing • Leafy upright growth habit, with medium to late maturity (90-110 days) • Good disease, frost and drought tolerance • A medium to tall rape, Interval is particularly suitable for a very high-yielding autumn/winter crop

PILLAR

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

• • • • • •

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A New Zealand-bred giant type multi-graze forage rape Very fast establishing Improved yields Very good re-growth potential Good disease resistance Can be sown in spring or autumn

SPITFIRE • A multi-purpose rape that can be spring sown for summer feed or summer-sown for winter feed • Suitable for all stock classes, Spitfire is a medium to tall rape with a 90-100 day maturity from a spring sowing • Very strong aphid tolerance • High yield potential with high plant quality

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B R ASSICA

TITAN™ • • • •

Rape/kale interspecies-cross suitable for summer, autumn and winter feed High-yielding, multi-graze, intermediate height rape. Early maturing (70-90 days) Very good aphid and virus tolerance High animal-preference score cultivar with excellent regrowth potential

WINFRED • A versatile and reliable re-growth rape • Can be sown in spring for a multiple graze crop potentially lasting through to winter, or sown in late summer for a single-graze winter feed crop • Early maturing with feed available 70-85 days after sowing • A hardy forage, tolerant of dry conditions in summer and frosts in winter

HT RAPE™

Sold as part of Cleancrop™ Brassica System only

• A specialised crop for areas with high weed burden • Agronomically similar to Goliath, maturing 90-110 days after sowing with very good regrowth potential • Suitable for summer/autumn/early winter feed • Herbicide-tolerant product that provides excellent weed control

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

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B R ASSICA

Swedes Swedes have low tolerance to drought and will perform best in cool climates and fertile, moist soils. They are the preferred winter feed option over turnips in summer-moist districts. They can be either ridged or conventionally drilled from November to early December. They are a high-quality, slow-growing brassica with a better keeping quality than turnips and should not be sown as a second year crop due to the risk of disease.

APARIMA GOLD • • • •

Yellow-fleshed bulb, suitable for all stock types Main swede crop late maturity (170-250 days after sowing) with yield potential of 18t DM/ha Clubroot and dry rot tolerant Excellent keeping qualities with high leaf percentage

DOMAIN • • • •

Early maturity, yellow-fleshed first crop swede Excellent dry rot tolerance A palatable swede suitable for all classes of stock Very good table swede

DOMINION • A high-yielding, yellow-fleshed first crop swede • A highly-palatable swede suitable for winter grazing by cattle, sheep and deer • Reliable yields over a wide range of environments and management practices

HT SWEDETM • • • •

Sold as part of CleancropTM Brassica System Only

Very high dry matter yield with medium maturity Dark purple skin with white flesh Similar dry rot and clubroot tolerance to Aparima Gold Good leaf disease tolerance and leaf holding ability

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

INVITATION

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• • • •

Yellow-fleshed cultivar that delivers great all-round performance suitable for all stock classes Late maturing crop (170-250 days) Demonstrates good disease and pest tolerance with good keeping ability Very high leaf and bulb yields result in a productive, high-quality winter crop

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B R ASSICA

MAJOR PLUS • A main crop, soft-bulbed swede, suitable for all stock classes • Yellow fleshed, light purple skinned bulb with yield potential of 16t DM/ha • 150-230 day maturity

TRIUMPH • • • •

Very high-yielding, yellow fleshed, first crop swede Leafy swede with good leaf retention in winter High dry rot tolerance Suitable for all stock classes SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

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B R ASSICA

Turnips Turnips have a good tolerance to lighter and lower-fertility soils and may be sown alone or in mixtures with rape or grasses (particularly Italian ryegrasses).

Early maturing, summer turnips are generally sown in October and provide fast, high-quality summer feed (60-100 days after sowing). They are typically used on dairy farms to maintain milk production through summer, when pasture growth and quality is poor. Later maturing varieties are typically sown through January to February in drier regions for use as a single-graze winter crop.

They are an alternative to swedes in dry climates as they are faster maturing and can therefore be sown later after the hot, dry summer has passed. They have a lower leaf/ bulb ratio than earlier maturing types. Turnips are generally susceptible to aphids, club root, dry rot and viruses.

BARKANT® • High-quality forage predominantly used for summer feed, suitable for cattle grazing • High leaf-to-bulb ratio resulting in high protein levels. Early maturing (60-90 days after sowing) • Tankard bulb shape to enhance utilisation and reduce risk of choking

DYNAMO • • • •

A high-quality, summer forage crop for dairy cattle Very leafy, upright growth habit with large, soft-fleshed bulbs and is early maturing (60-90 days) Good disease and pest tolerance Provides a high-yielding, high-ME crop, suitable for maintaining milk production throughout the summer months

ENVY • • • •

Dairy/beef option Quick maturity (60-90 days) diploid, green-skinned, white-fleshed upright tankard turnip Good disease tolerance with soft palatable leaves High-energy crop with excellent leaf/ bulb ratio

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

G2

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• • • •

Round, traditional globe turnip for winter use and all stock types A later maturing (110+ days) diploid, green-skinned, white-fleshed turnip Excellent disease tolerance rating Latest globe type, new breeding offering enhanced yields and disease tolerance

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B R ASSICA

GREEN GLOBE • Multi-purpose product can be sown for grazing in summer, autumn and winter • Later maturing (90-120 days after sowing) • Winter-hardy, frost-tolerant variety

HT BULB TURNIP™

Sold as part of Cleancrop™ Brassica System only

• A specialised crop for areas with high weed burden • Agronomically similar to Green Globe – maturing 90-120 days after sowing. Suitable for summer, autumn and winter feed • A herbicide-tolerant (HT) product that provides excellent weed control

MARCO (Tetraploid) • • • •

Ideal summer crop with flexible sowing date, including late sowings Earliest maturing turnip on the market (55-65 days) Good resistance to bolting High-yielding, with large bulbs and excellent bulb storage quality

NEW YORK • • • •

A medium-to-late maturity (110-120 days) turnip Spring sowing for late summer/early autumn feed, or late summer sowing for winter feed Bred for high yields, large full leaves and greater leaf-to-bulb ratio than York Globe Intense selection pressure was applied to improve the turnip mosaic virus tolerance of New York, resulting in better holding ability

RIVAL • • • •

An early maturing (60-90 days) summer turnip Particularly suited to dairy grazing - a high proportion of its tankard bulb is above the ground Improved tolerance to virus pressure: increasing holding ability and grazing window Consistently demonstrates high yields and a high proportion of leaf-to-bulb

WHITE STAR Stubble Turnip • • • •

Suited for summer/autumn/winter feed for flexible use A mid-maturing (90-110 days) stubble turnip with erect, productive tops Good disease tolerance Flexible sowing/grazing times to fit farmers’ feed requirements with good frost tolerance

YORK GLOBE

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SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

• An early maturing (80-100 days) summer turnip • Good option for a first year crop • Produces medium sized, round, pink skinned bulbs with soft white flesh

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B R ASSICA

Leafy Turnips Leafy turnips (also referred to as “forage brassicas”) are a quick-establishing, summer/autumn finishing feed option. They produce little bulb, however their swollen tap root provides multiple growing points, allowing for regrowth and multiple grazings. They are an alternative to rape, with superior regrowth.

However, they are less tolerant to lower soil fertility and dry conditions due to their shallow roots.

PACER • • • •

Versatile option with quick recovery for multiple grazings of quality feed Fast-growing, commence grazing at 42-56 days Very good tolerance to brassica diseases New breeding interspecific hybrid with enhanced non-bolting characteristics and high yields of quality feed

PASJA • • • •

High yields from successive grazings Fast-establishing, high-quality feed ready for grazing within 42-70 days of sowing Excellent plant persistence after multiple grazings with a minimal ripening requirement Provides a flexible grazing option for all stock classes over summer and autumn

HT LEAFY TURNIP™

Sold as part of Cleancrop™ Brassica System only

• A specialised crop for areas with high weed burden • Agronomically similar to Pasja – ready for grazing 42-70 days after sowing • Herbicide-tolerant product that provides excellent weed control

HUNTER

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

• Ideally suited for summer/autumn grazing by sheep, beef and deer in environments where pasture quality or quantity limits animal performance and summer moisture is available • Very rapid to establish - the first grazing often possible 40 days after sowing • Produces high-forage yields with very rapid re-growth, giving the potential for three to four grazings from summer to early autumn

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FODDE R B E E T

Fodder Beet

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

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FODDE R B E E T

Fodder Beet Fodder beet has gained in popularity as a high-yielding, high-feed value, winter feed crop option.

Not being a forage brassica, clubroot and dry rot pathogens are not an issue and potential for large yields enable a smaller land area to be cropped, placing less strain on crop rotations. The full potential of fodder beet will only be achieved through good crop husbandry, with close attention to seedbed preparation, weed control and timing of herbicide applications. As fodder beet is a specialist crop, ensure you have planned for the crop well in advance.

There are two different groups of fodder beet available on the market.

1. Multi-germ varieties are produced and harvested as a clustered seed. The clustered seed then has to go through a mechanical process to produce a single seed. These types are often referred to as ‘Technical Mono-germ’ varieties.

2. Mono-germ varieties are produced as a single seed and seed size can often be more uniform. The genetic mono-germ varieties are available in each of the three dry matter categories. These types are often referred to as ‘Genetic Mono-germ’ or ‘True Mono-germ’ varieties.

Fodder Beet can be split into three dry matter categories being high, medium and low. Low dry matter types (less than 13%) are also known as ‘Mangels’.

The higher the dry matter varieties will represent a more uniform bulb size which is suitable for machine harvesting and storing. Medium types are suitable for grazing and in addition farmers have the option to mechanically lift and store if required. Low dry matter types are suitable for grazing and have a softer bulb which makes them suitable for younger stock.

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

BANGOR

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• • • •

A high yielding, grazing fodder beet 16-18% bulb dry matter High quality mono-germ seed Improved leaf disease tolerance

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FODDE R B E E T

BRIGADIER • • • •

Highly-palatable and digestible for ruminants, low dry matter ensures a softer bite for grazing stock Highest percentage of bulb above ground of beets currently on the market. Multi-germ variety Healthy and clean tops Exceptional yields of large orange bulbs and vigorous healthy tops

BLAZE • • • •

Suits a variety of end uses, whether grazing in-situ or harvesting with its uniformity of bulbs High percentage of bulb above ground. Mono-germ variety Clean tops with good disease tolerance Medium dry matter variety allowing very high yields with red bulbs and palatable tops

ENERMAX • • • • •

Bred for lifting, storing and feeding to animals High yields and clean bulbs 19-21% dry matter bulb Uniform height High quality mono-germ seed SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

FELDHERR • • • •

Grazing beet with lower dry matter content 13-16% dry matter bulb Good leaf disease tolerance High quality mono-germ seed

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FODDE R B E E T

KYROS • • • •

Suits a variety of end uses Intermediate type suitable for grazing and harvesting Excellent disease tolerance Very high-quality and strong-yielding mono-germ variety with good keeping ability. High dry matter type

LIFTA • • • •

Medium – high dry matter type High yielding, versatile beet Unsurpassed leaf quality Genetic mono-germ hybrid

MONRO • • • •

True mono-germ cultivar that is suitable for all stock types Majority of yield is above ground Excellent bulb disease tolerance and good leaf disease tolerance Low bulb dry matter type making it ideal for stock classes that prefer softer bulbs

RIVAGE • • • •

True mono-germ cultivar that is suitable for all stock types Majority of yield is above ground Excellent bulb and good leaf disease tolerance High bulb dry matter type with excellent yields.

SUGA Sugar Beet • • • •

The latest in sugar beet technology From one of the world’s leading breeding programmes Very high dry matter type Genetic mono-germ hybrid

TINTINEL • • • •

High yielding grazing beet, can also be lifted 16-18% dry matter bulb Good leaf disease tolerance High quality mono-germ seed

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

TROYA • • • •

High yielding grazing beet 15-18% dry mater bulb Good leaf disease tolerance High quality mono-germ seed

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Barley

FOR AGE CE R EALS

Forage Cereals Oats Triticale

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

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FOR AGE CE R E ALS

Forage Cereals Forage cereals are used to provide large volumes of moderate to good quality feed for either grazing or harvesting silage. They have an advantage over other winter feed options as they can be sown later in the autumn due to their greater ability to grow in cold conditions. They can be sown for grazing or for harvesting as silage. Whole-crop cereal silage is a flexible, high yielding, cool environment, low risk option for producing a well-balanced high energy and effective fibre supplement.

Oats and triticale are commonly sown in autumn to provide winter and/or spring grazing. They can also be sown with the intention of harvesting green-chop silage in spring or whole-crop cereal silage in summer. New varieties of triticale are capable of recovering from multiple winter grazings and producing whole-crop cereal silage.

Barley is sown in early to mid-spring for harvesting as whole crop cereal silage in late December/January. Barley is faster maturing than wheat or triticale and is well suited to regions with shorter spring growing seasons, allowing for timely establishment of new pasture or winter feed options.

BOLT Triticale • • • •

Autumn or spring sown option – ideally suited for green chop or whole crop cereal silage Latest genetics with very good resistance to rust Unique double-haploid breeding, resulting in exceptional uniform maturity Very long seed heads, good lodging tolerance and high ME grain

CRACKERJACK Triticale • • • •

Specially bred for whole crop silage, planted in winter or early spring High-yielding with high grain content for feed value Ideal option following kale or swedes to produce valuable supplementary feed Excellent disease tolerance

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

DOUBLETAKE Multigraze Triticale • Versatile: autumn/winter sown, with prostrate early growth habit and broad leaves. Ideal for winter grazing and/or cereal silage • Has good resistance to frost and disease, providing winter production on par with Italian ryegrass • Produces a good package of total silage yield, carbohydrate and metabolisable energy

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FOR AGE CE R EALS

PROPHET Forage Triticale • • • •

An autumn/winter sown cereal that can be multi-grazed and also produce whole-crop silage Improved tolerance to winter grazing and spring leaf disease High yields for winter grazing and whole-crop silage Improved disease tolerance

CORONET Forage Oats • • • •

Ideal for planting in autumn for strip grazing in winter or late winter for early spring grazing or silage Late-maturing oat with excellent disease and frost tolerance A high-quality oat with high leaf-to-stem ratio Excellent holding of quality in winter, ideal for sheep and cattle

HOKONUI Oats

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SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

• A high-yielding, late-maturing variety with an upright growth habit, broad leaves and good disease resistance • Normally autumn sown to provide a single bulk graze in winter • Holds quality late into winter • Has a high leaf-to-stem ratio • Very suitable for young stock grazing

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FOR AGE CE R E ALS

MILTON Oats • A high-yielding oat with an upright growth habit and broad leaves • Suitable for autumn sowing and single grazing in winter, or sowing in late autumn or spring for green-chop silage • Selected for improved yield, proving to be a top performer in trials nationwide • Selection also based on disease resistance and a high leaf-to-stem ratio to enhance silage quality

MONTY Barley • Very high yields • High grain content • High quality silage

OMAKA Barley A versatile autumn or late winter sown barley A high yielding variety for quality forage or silage Very good resistance to most barley plant diseases Can be blended with ryegrass to provide further grazing in early spring

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

• • • •

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M AIZ E

Maize

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

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M AIZ E

Maize Maize is a specialist high-yielding crop, spring sown and cut for silage in autumn. Maize is a subtropical or “C4� plant that is frost-tender and its yield is driven by accumulated heat units - meaning the warmer the area, the higher the potential yield. Maize requires good crop husbandry, so ensure you have planned for the crop well in advance. It has three times the water use efficiency of pasture on a summer seasonal basis and an extensive rooting system, helping it capture nitrogen and water.

Comparative Relative Maturity (CRM) silage ratings provide a comparison between hybrids, indicating the relative rates they reach harvestable whole plant dry matter. They do not represent actual calendar days from planting to harvest.

Farmlands Grain and Seed supplies maize seed from Pioneer, Corsons, Pacific Seeds, Nutritech and VP Max seed wholesalers.

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

Please refer to the Farmlands Maize Field Guide publication for your complete guide to growing and harvesting maize silage and hybrid information.

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M AIZ E SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

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INDE X

Index Of Cultivars SEED GROUPS Annual Clover.................... 52 Annual Ryegrass............... 36 Cocksfoot.......................... 40 Fodder Beet...................... 73 Forage Cereals.................. 77 Herbs................................ 55 Italian Ryegrass................. 34 Kale................................... 64 Leafy Turnips..................... 72 Long Rotation Ryegrass.... 32 Lucerne............................. 59 Maize................................ 81 Perennial Ryegrass............ 26 Rape................................. 66 Red Clover........................ 50 Short Rotation Ryegrass.... 33 Sundry............................... 42 Swedes............................. 68 Tall Fescue......................... 44 Turnips.............................. 70 White Clover...................... 46 SEED VARIETIES RYEGRASS 25

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

PERENNIAL RYEGRASS...................... 26

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AberDart............................ 26 AberGain........................... 26 AberGreen......................... 26 AberMagic......................... 26 Alto.................................... 26 Ansa.................................. 27 Arrow................................ 27 Base.................................. 28 Bealey............................... 28 Bronte............................... 28 Expo.................................. 28 Excess.............................. 28 Extreme............................. 28 Halo.................................. 28 Kamo................................ 29 Kingston............................ 29 Matrix................................ 29

Farmlands Grain & Seed

Nui.................................... 29 One50................................. 29 Pacific............................... 29 Prospect............................ 29 Rely................................... 30 Request............................. 30 Rohan............................... 30 Ruanui............................... 30 Samson............................. 30 Stellar Dip Q...................... 30 Tanker............................... 30 Trojan................................ 31 Ultra.................................. 31 LONG ROTATION RYEGRASS...................... 32 Banquet II.......................... 32 Jeta................................... 32 Kai..................................... 32 Ohau................................. 32 Supreme........................... 32 SHORT ROTATION RYEGRASS...................... 33 Delish................................ 33 Manawa............................ 33 Maverick GII...................... 33 Shogun............................. 33 ITALIAN RYEGRASS....... 34 AberNiche......................... 34 Accelerate......................... 34 Asset ................................ 34 Cordura ............................ 34 Feast II.............................. 34 Icon................................... 34 Indulgence Dip Q............... 35 Jeanne.............................. 35 Lush.................................. 35 Moata................................ 35 Perun................................ 35 Sonik................................. 35 Tabu.................................. 35 ANNUAL RYEGRASS...... 36 Archie ............................... 36 Hogan............................... 36 Jivet.................................. 36 Progrow............................ 36

Sultan................................ 36 Tama................................. 36 Winter Star II...................... 37 Zoom................................ 37 OTHER GRASSES

39

COCKSFOOT................... 40 Athos................................. 40 Greenly.............................. 40 Kara.................................. 40 Safin.................................. 40 Savvy................................ 40 Tekapo.............................. 41 Vision................................ 41 Wana................................. 41 SUNDRY.......................... 42 Atom................................. 42 Bareno.............................. 42 Barrier Combo................... 42 Maru.................................. 43 Matua................................ 43 Gala.................................. 43 Summergraze.................... 43 Yorkshire Fog Grass.......... 43 TALL FESCUE................. 44 Easton............................... 44 Finesse Q.......................... 44 Quantum II......................... 44 Tower................................ 44 CLOVER 45 WHITE CLOVER.............. 46 AberLasting....................... 46 AberAce............................ 46 AberDance........................ 46 AberNormous.................... 46 Apex.................................. 47 Bounty............................... 47 Demand............................ 47 Huia................................... 47 Klondike............................ 48 Kopu II............................... 48 Kotare............................... 48 Legacy.............................. 48 Mainstay ........................... 48

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INDE X

Nomad.............................. 48 Prestige............................. 48 Quest................................ 49 Riesling.............................. 49 Tahora II............................. 49 Tribute............................... 49 Weka................................. 49 RED CLOVER.................. 50 Hamua Broad Red............. 50 Pawera.............................. 50 Rossi................................. 50 Rajah................................. 50 Sensation.......................... 50 Turoa Montgomery............ 51 Tuscan............................... 51 ANNUAL CLOVER........... 52 Coolaman (Sub Clover)...... 52 Leura (Sub Clover)............. 52 Narrikup (Sub Clover)......... 52 Rosabrook (Sub Clover)..... 52 Bolta.................................. 52 Lightning........................... 53 Strawberry Clover.............. 53 HERBS 55 501................................... 56 Chico................................. 56 Choice............................... 57 Puna II............................... 57 Punter............................... 57 Boston.............................. 58 Tonic................................. 58 LUCERNE 59

BRASSICA 63

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FODDER BEET

Bangor.............................. 74 Brigadier............................ 75 Blaze................................. 75 Enermax............................ 75 Feldherr............................. 75 Kyros................................. 76 Lifta................................... 76 Monro................................ 76 Rivage............................... 76 Suga................................. 76 Tintinel............................... 76 Troya................................. 76

RAPE................................ 66 Goliath............................... 66 Greenland.......................... 66 Interval............................... 66 Pillar.................................. 66 Spitfire............................... 66 Titan.................................. 67 Winfred.............................. 67 HT Rape............................ 67 SWEDES.......................... 68 Aparima Gold.................... 68 Domain.............................. 68 Dominion........................... 68 HT Swede......................... 68 Invitation............................ 68 Major Plus......................... 69 Triumph............................. 69 TURNIPS.......................... 70 Barkant............................. 70 Dynamo............................. 70 Envy.................................. 70 G2..................................... 70 Green Globe...................... 71 HT Bulb Turnip.................. 71 Marco................................ 71 New York........................... 71 Rival.................................. 71 White Star......................... 71 York Globe........................ 71

FORAGE CEREALS

73

77

Bolt (Triticale)..................... 78 Crackerjack (Triticale)......... 78 Doubletake (Triticale).......... 78 Prophet (Triticale)............... 79 Coronet (Oats)................... 79 Hokonui (Oats)................... 79 Milton (Oats)...................... 80 Monty (Barley).................... 80 Omaka (Barley).................. 80 MAIZE 81 Please refer to the Farmlands Maize Field Guide publication for your complete guide to growing and harvesting maize silage and hybrid information.

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

Force 4.............................. 60 Force 5.............................. 60 Force 7.............................. 60 Kaituna.............................. 60 Pioneer Brand 54V09........ 61 Pioneer Brand 55Q27........ 61 Pioneer Brand 54V50........ 61 Stamina 5.......................... 62 Torlesse............................. 62 Wairau............................... 62

KALE................................ 64 Caledonian........................ 64 Coleor............................... 64 Fuel................................... 64 Gruner............................... 64 Inka................................... 64 Kestrel............................... 65 Regal................................. 65 Proteor.............................. 65 Sovereign.......................... 65 Voltage.............................. 65

LEAFY TURNIPS............. 72 Pacer................................. 72 Pasja................................. 72 HT Leafy Turnip................. 72 Hunter............................... 72 Farmlands Grain & Seed

85

S EED S OWING R ATE S

SEED SOWING RATES

SPECIES

As main species in a mix (kg/ha)

As a component of a mix (kg/ha)

Seed Weight (approx seeds/g)

18-24 25-30 22-25 6-10 n/r 25-30

10-12 14-18 n/r 2-3 2 n/r

500-600 200-300 400 1000 500 100

n/r 10 12 10-15 n/r

2-4 3-5 3-5 n/r 6-10

1500-1800 500-550 300-350 400-500 150

6-8 8-10

1-2 1-2

600 500

4-5 4 0.5-1.5 1-3 4

n/r 0.5-3 n/r 0.5-1 0.5-3

150-250 250-400 275-400 350-550 300-450

GRASSES Ryegrass - Diploid Ryegrass - Tetraploid Tall Fescue Cocksfoot Phalaris Brome Grass

LEGUMES White Clover Red Clover - Diploid Red Clover -Tetraploid Lucerne Sub Clover

HERBS Chicory Plantain

BRASSICAS Kale Rape Swedes Turnips Leafy Turnips

CEREALS 110-160 100-120 140-180 100-130

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

Spring Silage Barley Forage Oats Forage Triticale Forage Ryecorn

n/r = not normally recommended Sowing rates may vary depending on sowing method used

86

Farmlands Grain & Seed

Farmlands Co-operative Society Limited Š 2014. All rights reserved.

Rely Request Samson

Cordura

Feast II (T)

Icon

Indulgence Dip Q

Jeanne (T)

Lush (T)

Perun

Jivet (T)

Progrow

Sultan

Winter Star II (T)

Zoom (T)

Farmlands Grain & Seed

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

NUI is the standard against which all other are compared. Nui = 0 days. (T) = Tetraploid This table is intended only as a guide to the categories of ryegrass based on their heading date and perenniality.

Ultra

Trojan

Tanker (T)

Stellar Dip Q

Tabu

Prospect

One50

Expo

Bronte

Ansa

Kingston Pacific

Alto

AberMagic HSG

AberGreen HSG

Kamo

Extreme

Excess

Rohan

Supreme PLUS

Ohau (T)

Kai (T)

Jeta (T)

AberDart HSG

Sonik

Shogun (T)

Maverick GII

Arrow

Asset

Banquet II (T)

Hogan (T)

Delish (T)

AberNiche

Archie (T)

Late (+8 to +21 days)

Late (+8 to +21 days)

Mid (-7 to +7 days)

Perennial

Long Rotation

Italian

Annual

Short Rotation

RYEGRASS COMPARISONS

Matrix

Halo (T)

Bealey (T)

Base (T)

AberGain HSG (T)

Very Late (+22 days and later)

RYE GR ASS COMPAR I S O N S

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87

Farmlands Grain & Seed

Y

Y

Y

Y

Poncho®

Agricote

SF Force Field

SF Force Field Plus Y

-

Y

Y

Y

-

Y

-

-

-

-

-

Superstrike

Prillcote

Agricote

SF Force Field

-

-

-

Black beetle

-

-

-

-

Grass grub

Insect protection

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

-

Y

Grass grub

Insect Protection

Black beetle

ASW

Seed treatment

-

-

Prillcote

Gaucho®

Y

ASW

Superstrike

Seed treatment

S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

Grass

Clover

88

Farmlands Co-operative Society Limited © 2014. All rights reserved.

Y

Y

Y

-

-

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

-

-

Y

Y

Pythium

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Rhizobia

Fungal pathogens Fusarium

Y

Y

-

Y

Nematodes

-

Y

-

-

Fusarium

-

Y

-

-

Pythium

Y

-

Y

Y

Rhizobia

Fungal pathogens

-

Lime Molybdenum Lime Molybdenum

-

-

Lime Molybdenum

Lime

Bird repellent

Y

Y

-

-

-

Y

Y

Bird repellent

Nutrients

Additives

-

-

-

-

-

Lime

-

Nutrients

Additives

CLOVER SEED TREATMENT OPTIONS

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Nematodes

GRASS SEED TREATMENT OPTIONS

75%

25%

75%

75%

Weight build up

Other

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

100%

NIL

Weight build up

Other

Same as untreated

Same as untreated

Same as untreated

Same as untreated

Sowing rate

Same as untreated

Same as untreated

Same as untreated

Same as untreated

Same as untreated

Increase by up to 100%

Same as untreated

Sowing rate

S EED TR E ATM E NT

Lucerne

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Superstrike

Ultrastrike

Agricote

Gaucho速

SF Force Field Plus

-

-

Y

Y

Y

Y

-

ASW

Y

Y Y

Y

Y

Y

Y (10 weeks)

Nysius -

Y

-

-

Nematodes

-

-

Fusarium

Y

Y

Pythium

Y

Y

Rhizobia

Fungal pathogens

Y

-

Y

Y

Y

Fusarium

Y

-

Y

Y

Y

Pythium

Y

-

Y

Y

Y

Rhizoctonia solani

Fungal pathogens

-

-

Molybdenum

Molybdenum

Molybdenum

Nutrients

Additives

Y

-

-

Y

Y

NIL

NIL

NIL

NIL

10%

Weight build up

Other

25%

25%

Weight build up

Other

Bird repellent

-

-

Lime Molybdenum Lime

Bird repellent

Nutrients

Additives

BRASSICA SEED TREATMENT OPTIONS

-

Aphids

Insect protection

-

-

Grass grub

Insect protection

Black beetle

Springtails

-

SF Force Field

Seed treatment

-

ASW

Superstrike

Seed treatment

LUCERNE SEED TREATMENT OPTIONS

ULTRASTRIKE, SUPERSTRIKE and PRILLCOTE are registered trademarks of PGG Wrightson Ltd and contain pesticides which are registered pursuant to the ACVM Act 1997.

Gaucho速 and Poncho速 are registered trademarks of Bayer Group.

Gaucho and Poncho are registered to the ACVM Act 1997 No P4200 and P5967; and are approved pursuant to the HSNO Act 1996, Nos HSR000495 and HSR000694, respectively.

Agricote is a registered trademark of New Zealand Agriseeds Ltd and is registered pursuant to the ACVM Act 1997.

SF Force Field is a registered trademark of Seed Force Limited.

Brassica

SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

Farmlands Grain & Seed

Same as untreated

Same as untreated

Same as untreated

Same as untreated

Same as untreated

Sowing rate

Same as untreated

Same as untreated

Sowing rate

SE E D TR E ATMEN T

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NOTE S S E E D B U Y E RS GU IDE

90

Farmlands Grain & Seed

Farmlands Co-operative Society Limited Š 2014. All rights reserved.

NOTE S SEED B U Y E RS GU I DE

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Farmlands Grain & Seed

91

For any seed enquiries or assistance contact 0800 200 600