Fastener-World Magazine No.181_Global Version by Fastener-World

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Index of A

344

310EXPRESS COMPANY (A DIV. OF SAIMA CORP.) (Japan) Security, Tamper Proof, Anti-theft Screws...

174

A-PLUS SCREWS INC. Chipboard Screws, Customized Special Screws / Bolts...

241

A & M PRODUCTS CO., LTD. Automotive Fasteners...

奕瑞

350

ABC FASTENERS CO., LTD. Drop-in Anchors, Expansion Anchors, Wire Anchors...

245

Mar., 2020

CASHI COMPONENTS CORP. 俐業 Electric Screws, SEMs Screws, Standoff Parts, Machined Parts... 全雄

247

CHAN LIANG ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Bi-Metal Screws, Collated Screws, Stainless Cap Screws...

銓良

聯欣

184

CHANG BING ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Hook Bolts, Holders / Hooks / Rings, Dowel Screws...

彰濱

ABS METAL INDUSTRY CORP. Elevator Bolts, Flanged Head Bolts, Floorboard Screws...

得鈺

185

CHANG YI BOLT CO., LTD. 6 Cuts/ 8 Cuts Self Drilling Screws, A2 Cap Screws...

長益

AEH FASTEN INDUSTRIES CO., LTD. Clevis Pins, Dowel Pins, Hollow Rivets...

鉞昌

143

CHANGING SUN METAL CO., LTD. Blind Nuts / Rivet Nuts, Blind Rivet Studs, Rivets...

AIMREACH ENTERPRISES CO., LTD. 盛融 Stainless Steel, Flanged Head Bolts, Hexagon Head Bolts...

252

CHENG HENG INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Stainless Steel Cable Ties, Hose Clamps, Band Buckles...

成亨

ALEX SCREW INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 禾億 Button Head Cap Screws, Button Head Socket Cap Screws...

163

CHI HUNG RIVETS WORKS CO., LTD. Blind Rivets, Hollow Rivets, Solid Rivets, Split Rivets...

吉宏

136

ALISHAN INTERNATIONAL GROUP CO., LTD. 奧立康 Fastener Tools, Bolts, Screws, Nuts, Stamping Parts...

275

CHIA SING SCREW INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 佳興 Sems Screws, Customized Screws, Rivets, Lathe Turning Parts...

219

ALLMATE FASTENER CO., LTD. Socket Cap Screws, Socket Set Screws, Pins...

220

ALLOY & STAINLESS FASTENERS, INC. (U.S.A.) Bolts, Nuts, Studs, Sockets, Washers, Bent Bolts…

195

ALZIN COATING SYSTEMS CO., LTD. Surface Treatment And Related Equipment...

晟崴 new

添福德

AMBROVIT S.p.A. (Italy) Chipboard Screws, Combined Screws, Machine Screws...

長晉盛

CHIAN YUNG CORP. SEMS Screws

將運

300

CHIEN TSAI MACHINERY ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 鍵財 Thread Rolling Machines

199

CHIH FU MECHANICS CO., LTD. Special Screws, Open Die Products...

103

CHIN LIH HSING PRECISION ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 金利興 Automotive Nuts, Brass Inserts, Bushes, Bushings...

智富

151

AMPLE LONG INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Hollow Rivets, Drive Rivets, Semi-tubular Rivets...

寬長

203

CHINA PNEUMATIC CORPORATION Blind Rivet Assembly Machines, Torque Wrenches...

308

AN CHIAO MOLDS CO., LTD. Dies, Punch Dies, Carbide Quill, Punches, Pins...

安喬

292

CHING CHAN OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. 精湛 Eddy Current Sorting Machines, Fastener Makers...

364

ANCHOR FASTENERS INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Drop-in Anchors, Expansion Anchors, Wire Anchors...

安拓

213

CHIN-TIEH SCREW CO. 進鐵 Stainless Steel Screws, Carbon Steel Screws, Long Screws...

APEX FASTENER INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. Nuts, Wing Nuts & Bolts, Turning Parts, Stamping Parts

嵿峰

ARUN CO., LTD. Bi-metal Screws, Chipboard Screws, Drywall Screws...

鉅耕

128

AUTOLINK INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. Automotive Screws, Machine Bolts, Flange Nuts...

207

AVIOUS ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Chipboard Screws, Drywall Screws, Flange Screws...

宗鉦

150

CHU WU INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Combined Screws, Customized Special Screws/Bolts...

雷堤

浤爵

313

CHUM YUAN CO., LTD. High Speed Bolt Pointer

琛元

艾伯斯

319

CHUN KAI MACHINERY CO., LTD. 駿凱 Straightening Machines, Straightness Measuring Instruments...

112

CHUN YU WORKS & CO., LTD. Wheel Bolts, Chipboard Screws, Drywall Screws...

春雨

296

CHUN ZU MACHINERY INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Cold Headers, Header Toolings, Heading Machines...

春日

181

COPA FLANGE FASTENERS CORP. Hex Nuts, Hex Flange Nuts, Combi Nuts, Weld Nuts...

國鵬

CPC FASTENERS INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. Stainless Steel, Bi-metal Self-drilling Screws...

冠誠

DA YANG ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Special Automotive Nuts, Special Weld Nuts...

大楊

210

DA-WANG SCREW INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Customized Parts

達旺

315

DAH-LIAN MACHINE CO., LTD. 大連 Fastener Maker, Thread Rolling Machines, Heading Machines...

132

DAR YU ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Chipboard Screws, Drywall Screws, Screw Nails...

BCR INC. Automotive Screws, Piston Pins, Weld Bolts (Studs)...

必鋮

169

BESTWELL INTERNATIONAL CORP. Eye Bolts, Flanged Head Bolts, Hanger Bolts...

凱壹

298

BIING FENG ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 秉鋒 Blind Nut Formers, Multi-station Cold Forming Machines...

BI-MIRTH CORP. 吉瞬 Carbon Steel Screws, Chipboard Screws, Concrete Screws...

212

157

BOLTUN CORPORATION Automotive Screws, Bushes, Conical Washer Nuts...

恒耀工業

BÜLTE GMBH (Germany) Plastic Bolts, Plastic/Rubber Materials, Precision Plastic Parts... CANATEX INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Nuts, Turning Parts, Bolts, Plastic Injection Parts...

中國氣動

CHONG CHENG FASTENER CORP. Cap Nuts, Coupling Nuts, Conical Washer Nuts...

164

114

螺絲世界雙月刊

CHAN HSIUNG FACTORY CO., LTD. Wheel Bolts, Twelve Point Head Screws, Weld Screws...

Advertisers

181

No.

保力德

達宇

181

No. 螺絲世界雙月刊

Index of

Mar., 2020

229

DE HUI SCREW INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Drywall Screws, Decking Screws, Self-drilling Screws...

德慧

134

DELTEKS INDUSTRIES INC. 見承 Wheel Bolts, Bushes, Thread Forming Screws, All Kinds of Screws...

Cover DIING SEN FASTENERS INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. page

Advertisers

209

GELA & COMPANY Expansion Anchors, Eye Bolts, Hanger Bolts...

蕙寶

307

GIAN-YEH INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Rivet Dies, Self-drilling Screw Dies, Screw Tip Dies...

健業

鼎

271

GINFA WORLD CO., LTD. 濟音發 Chipboard Screws, Countersunk Screws, Drywall Screws...

Chipboard Screws, Corrosion Resistant Screws...

DIN LING CORP. Chipboard Screws, Drywall Screws, Furniture Screws...

登琳

119

GOFAST CO., LTD. Open Die Parts, Stamping Parts, Assembly Parts...

喬邁

118

DRA-GOON FASTENERS INC. Chipboard Screws, Phillips Head Screws, TEK Screws...

丞曜

243

GUANG ZHE ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Collated Washer Paper Tape, Collated Screw Tape...

光柘

208

DYNAWARE INDUSTRIAL INC. Standard & Non-standard Fasteners...

盈洋 133

HAO CHENG PLASTIC CO., LTD. Plastic Box Maker for Fasteners

皓正

265

HAO MOU NUTS MFG. CO., LTD. Nuts and Spacer...

豪茂

DUNFA INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. 敦發 Bushes, Spacers, Automotive Parts, Tubes, Turning Parts...

E CHAIN INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Chipboard Screws, Drywall Screws, Machine Screws...

毅程

279

HAUR FUNG ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 豪舫 External Tooth Washers, Long Carriage Bolts, Roofing Bolts...

109

EASON TECH INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Spring Pins, Cage Nuts, Clip Nuts, Retaining Rings...

鈺森

172

HEADER PLAN CO. INC. Chipboard Screws, Collated Screws, Deck Screws...

146

EASYLINK INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Automotive Nuts, Thread Forming Screws...

易連

253

HO GUO ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Sems Screw Washer, Spring Lock Washer

合固

309

E-UNION FASTENER CO., LTD. 奕盟 Conveyors, Thread Rolling Machines, Heading Machines...

139

HOME SOON ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Screwdriver Bits, Custom Bits, Bit Holders...

宏舜

310 187

FAITHFUL ENG. PRODS. CO., LTD. Anchors, Box Nails, Door/Window Accessories...

誠毅

HONG FU METAL INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 鴻富 Heading Machine, Thread Rolling Machine, Nut Former...

303

FALCON FASTENER CO., LTD. Automotive & Motorcycle Special Screws / Bolts...

鉮達

HONG TAY YUE ENTERPRISE CO.,LTD. Wire Straighteners, Hydraulic Clamping Machines...

191

FANG SHENG SCREW CO., LTD. Shoulder Bolts, Button Head Socket Cap Screws..

芳生

HOSHENG PRECISION HARDWARE CO., LTD. 和昇 Auto Parts, CNC Machined Parts, Bolts...

142

HSIN CHANG HARDWARE INDUSTRIAL CORP. 欣彰 Anchor Bolts, Anchors, Plastic Fasteners...

鴻大裕

110

FAREAST METAL INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. 億萬年 Dowel Pins, Flanged Head Bolts, Flange Screws...

107

FASTENER JAMHER TAIWAN INC. Automotive Nuts, Blind Nuts / Rivet Nuts, Bushings...

占賀

HSIN HUNG MACHINERY CORP. Cap Nuts, Flange Nuts, Hexagon Nuts, Dome Nuts...

FASTNET CORP. Dowel Pins, Flange Nuts, Weld Nuts, 4 Pronged T Nuts...

俊鉞

HSIN JUI HARDWARE ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 欣瑞 Bushes, Construction Bolts, Special Cold / Hot Forming Parts...

122

FILROX INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Blind Nuts / Rivet Nuts, Tee or T Nuts, Blind Rivets...

惠錄

106

FONG PREAN INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 豐鵬 Automotive Screws, Bi-metal Screws, Brass & Bronze Screws...

166

FONG WUNS CO., LTD. Flange Nuts, Stainless Steel Nuts, Special Parts...

鋒汶

FORTUNE BRIGHT INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Cap Nuts, Dome Nuts, Nylon Cap Insert Lock Nuts...

鋒沐

231

FOUNTAIN FASTENER CO., LTD. Flange Weld Nuts, Round Weld Nuts, Special Nuts...

原詮

305

FRATOM FASTECH CO., LTD. 福敦 Hot Forming Tools, Punches & Sleeves, Dies, Machinery Accssories...

180

HSIN YU SCREW ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Acme Screws, Hexagon Head Cap Screws...

新雨

HU PAO INDUSTRIES CO., LTD. Automotive Nuts, Flange Nuts, Hexagon Nuts...

如保

257

HUANG JING INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Custom Washers, Chipboard Screws, Drywall Screws...

皇晉

HWA HSING SCREW INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Chipboard Screws, Collated Screws, Drywall Screws...

華興

HWALLY PRODUCTS CO., LTD. Drop-in Anchors, Chipboard Screws, Anchors...

樺麟

237

福輝

238

FU KAI FASTENER ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 福凱 Precision Electronic Screws, Special Screws, Weld Screws...

161

217

FULIHDER ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Secure Thread Locking Products

116

FUSHANG CO., LTD. 甫商 Carbon Steel Screws, Chipboard Screws, Concrete Screws...

FU HUI SCREW INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Automotive & Motorcycle Special Screws / Bolts...

富麗德

欣翃

INFINIX PRECISION CORP. Customized Punches and Dies INMETCH INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Flanged Head Bolts, Locking Bolts, Stud Bolts...

英飛凌恆鉅

INNTECH INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. 建豪 All Kinds of Nuts, All Kinds of Screws, Automotive Special Screws... JC GRAND CORPORATION All Kinds of Screws, Chipboard Screws...

俊良

Index of J

58 232

JENG YUH CO., LTD. Plastic Injection Products, Plastic Mold R&D…

政毓

362

JERN YAO ENTERPRISES CO., LTD. Multi-station Cold Forming, Parts Forming Machines...

正曜

JET FAST COMPANY LIMITED Blind Nuts / Rivet Nuts, Aircraft & Aerospace Washers...

捷禾

121

95 255 30

LOYAL & BIRCH CO., LTD. new Construction Fasteners and Building Fasteners

龍業百起

MAC PRECISION HARDWARE CO. Turning Parts, Precision Metal Parts, Cold Forged Nuts...

鑫瑞

MAO CHUAN INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Professional Stamping Manufacturer

貿詮

MASTER UNITED CORP. Chipboard Screws, Drywall Screws, Furniture Screws...

永傑

170

JIEN KUEN ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 健坤 Hexagon Nuts, Nylon Cap Insert Lock Nuts, Square Nuts...

348

111

JIN SHIN CHYUAN INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Automotive & Motorcycle Special Screws / Bolts...

MAUDLE INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 茂異 Button Head Socket Cap Screws, Flange Washer Head Screws...

194

162

JIN SHING STAINLESS IND. CO., LTD. 竣鑫 Self-tapping Screws, Machine Screws, Chipboard Screws...

MAXTOOL INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Plastic Screws, Drop-in Anchors, Expansion Anchors...

155

148

JING FONG INDUSTRY CO., LTD. 璟鋒 Hex Nylon Insert Lock Nuts, Wing Nuts with Nylon Insert...

MECHANICAL HARDWARES CO., 信順 Stamping Hardware, Bolts, Nuts, CNC Screw Machine Parts...

233

JIN-YINGS ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Special Custom Fasteners, Auto/Motorcycle Fasteners…

晉營

MEJOR FASTENER SUPPLY INC. Precision Electronic Screws, OEM/ODM...

承品

186

JOINER FASTENER ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Bi-metal Screws, Chipboard Screws, Drywall Screws...

喬亞

MIN HWEI ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Button Head Socket Cap Screws, Chipboard Screws...

明徽

62 59

JOKER INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Hollow Wall Anchors, Concrete Screws, Jack Nuts...

久可

261

KAO WAN BOLT INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Hex Head Cap Screws, Carriage Bolts, Hex Lag Bolts...

高旺

260

KENT SCREWS CO., LTD. Automotive Nuts, Flat Head & Socket Head Cap Screws...

肯特

302

KING ANN INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Machinery for Bolts, Nuts, Hand Tools, Special Parts...

金諳

285

KING CENTURY GROUP CO., LTD. Drop-in Anchors, Self-drilling Anchors, Sleeve Anchors...

慶宇

327

KING YUAN DAR METAL ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 金元達 Continuous Type Heat Treating Furnace

318

KUANG TAI METAL INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Stainless Steel Cold Heading Wire

廣泰

320

KUO CHEN MOLD CO., LTD. Self-Drilling Dies

國鎮

KWANTEX RESEARCH INC. Chipboard Screws, Drywall Screws, Furniture Screws...

寬仕

JAU YEOU INDUSTRY CO., LTD. 朝友 Chipboard Screws, Drywall Screws, High Low Thread Screws...

Advertisers

金欣全

金大鼎

系格

294

MING TANG MACHINERY CO., LTD. (WEN YANG) 玟暘 Screw Head Making Machines...

154

MIT INDUSTRIAL ACCESSORIES CORP. 侑威 Stamping Hardware, Bolts, Nuts, CNC Screw Machine Parts...

141

MOUNTFASCO INC. 崎鈺 All Kinds of Screws, Alloy Steel Screws, Automotive Screws...

144

NCG TOOLS INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Tools for Fastening Anchors, Blind Nuts / Rivet Nuts...

昶彰

120

ND ELECTRONICS (KUNSHAN) CO., LTD. Inert / Reactive Thread Locking, Masking & Lubricating...

穩得

ND INDUSTRIES, INC. 穩得 ND Pre-Applied Processes, Advanced Sealing Technologies...

PENGTEH INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. SEMs Screws, Special Screws, Binder Screws, PT Screws...

彭特

323

POINTMASTER MACHINERY CO., LTD. Self-drilling Screw Forming Machines...

昶詠

158

POL SHIN ENT. CO., LTD. 寶薰 Drywall Screws, Concrete Screws, Tapping Screws, Long Screws...

108

PPG INDUSTRIES INTERNATIONAL INC. TAIWAN BRANCH 必丕志 Chromium-free Coating, ED Coating...

273

PRO POWER CO., LTD. Screws, Bolts...

135

PRO-VISA (LIN) INT'L CORP. 佾鼎 Self-drilling Screws, Stainless Steel Screws, Furniture Screws...

123

PS FASTENERS PTE LTD. (Singapore) Washers, Socket Set Screws, U Bolts, Alloy Steel Screws...

汎昇

115

Q-NUTS INDUSTRIAL CORP. Flange Nuts, Weld Nuts, Special Nuts, Spacers...

友俊

124

L & W FASTENERS COMPANY Construction Fasteners, Flat Washers, Heavy Nuts...

227

LIAN CHUAN SHING INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. 連全興 Weld Nuts, Special Parts, Special Washers, Flat Washers...

357

LIAN SHYANG INDUSTRIES CO., LTD. Nut Formers, Nut Tapping Machines

304

LIAN TENG MACHINERY INDUSTRY CO., LTD. 聯騰 Cold Headers, Self-drilling Screw Forming Machines...

211

LINK-PRO TECH CO., LTD. Customized Screws/Nuts, Pressing & Deep Drawing...

366

LINKWELL INDUSTRY CO., LTD. 順承 All Kinds of Screws, Automotive & Motorcycle Special Screws...

105

LOCKSURE INC. Custom Washers, Flat Washers, Automotive Screws...

QST INTERNATIONAL CORP. 恒耀國際 Hexagon Head Bolts, Square Head Bolts, Weld Bolts (Studs)...

322

LONG THREAD FASTENERS CORP. Bi-metal Self-drilling Screws, Chipboard Screws...

QUAN LIAN ENTERPRISE CO.,LTD. Weld Screw Machinery

連翔

超傑

今湛長隆順

鉑川

全鏈

181

No. 螺絲世界雙月刊

43 251 8 26

Mar., 2020

Index of

RAY FU ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Chipboard Screws, Deck Screws, Drywall Screws...

瑞滬

SUN CHEN FASTENERS INC. 展鴻鑫 Cup Washers, Flanged Head Bolts, T-head or T-slot Bolts...

REDWOOD INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Cutting Tools, Drive Pins & Washer Assembly Machines...

鴻牧

325

SUN FAME MANUFACTURING CO., LTD. 商匯 Shank Slotting Machines, Screw Point Cutting Machine...

REXLEN CORP. Clinch Nuts, Clinch Studs, CNC Parts, Stamped Parts...

連宜

126

SUPER CHENG INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 世暘 Nuts & Auto Parts, Flange Bolts, Sockets & Threaded Rods...

RODEX FASTENERS CORP. Chipboard Screws, Hexagon Head Cap Screws...

華祺

147

SUPER DPD CO., LTD. 三御 All Kinds of Screws, Bi-metal Screws, Carbon Steel Screws...

272

SUPER NUT INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 傑螺 Blind / Rivet Nuts, Security Fasteners, Barrel Nuts, Machine Parts...

263

TAIHO TOOL MFG. CO., LTD. new 大寶 Cutting Tools, Rolling Dies, Machine Tools, Machine Parts, Gauges...

171

S&T FASTENING INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 順通 Carbon Steel Screws, Bi-metal Screws, Stainless Steel Screws...

301

SACMA GROUP (Italy) Net-Shape Parts Former

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SAN SHING FASTECH CORP. Automotive Nuts, Automotive Parts, Carbide Dies...

三星

167

TAIWAN LEE RUBBER CO., LTD. Bonded Washers, E.P.D.M. Vulcanized, Pipe Flashing...

165

SCREWTECH INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Machined Parts, Thumb Screws, Micro Screws...

銳禾

214

TAIWAN NYLON WASHER CO.,LTD 東佑典 Rubber Washers, Silicone Washers, Plasterboard Nails...

359

SEN CHANG INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 昇錩 Customized Special Screws / Bolts, Socket Head Cap Screws...

215

TAIWAN PRECISION FASTENER CO., LTD. Drywall Screws, Wood Construction Screws, Roofing Screws...

226

SHANG PENG CO., LTD. new 上朋 Sharp Point Screws, Sandwich Panel Screws, Tri-lobular Screws...

100

TAIWAN SELF-LOCKING FASTENERS IND. CO., LTD. 台灣耐落 Nylok®, Precote®, Nycote®, Nyplas®, Loctite®...

352

SHANGHAI FAST-FIX RIVET CORP. Blind Rivets, High Shear Rivets, Closed End Rivets...

飛可斯

179

TANG AN ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Customized Automotive Parts and Special Fasteners

鏜安

183

SHANGHAI RIVET MANUFACTURE CO., LTD. Stainless Steel Rivet Nuts, Carbon Steel Rivet Nuts...

銳拓

235

TENZ INTERNATIONAL LIMITED Wood Screws

登馳

311

SHEEN TZAR CO., LTD. Self-Drilling Screw Machines & Dies

新讚

THREAD INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Chipboard Screws, Flange Nuts, Heavy Nuts...

英德

224

SHEH FUNG SCREWS CO., LTD. Chipboard Screws, Countersunk Screws, Wood Screws...

世豐

306

222

SHEH KAI PRECISION CO., LTD. Bi-metal Concrete Screw Anchors, Bi-metal Screws...

世鎧

TONG HEER FASTENERS (THAILAND) CO., LTD. Hex Bolts, Stud Bolts, Socket Cap Screws, Hex Nuts...

159

SHEN CHOU FASTENERS INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 神洲 Button Head Cap Screws, Chipboard Screws...

TONG HEER FASTENERS CO., SDN. BHD Stainless Steel Metric Screws, Stainless Steel Screws...

250

SHI ZHAN SCREW CO., LTD. Self-Drilling Screws, Tapping Screws, Bi-Metal Screws...

SHIH HSANG YWA INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Flange Nuts, Flange Nylon Nuts With Washers...

台力

TICHO INDUSTRIES CO., LTD. 帝潮 Bi-metal Self-drilling Screws, Timber Screws, Collated Screws...

世展

189

TONG HO SHING INTERNATIONAL CO.,LTD. 桐和興 Hex Washer Head Screws, Indent Hex Head Screws...

新倡發

TONG HWEI ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. A2 Cap Screws, Button Head Socket Cap Screws...

東徽

193

SHI-HO SCREW INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Specialist in Micro Screws

旭和

TONG MING ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Stainless Steel Fasteners, Wire Rods...

東明

168

SHIN CHUN ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 昕群 Automotive Screws, Chipboard Screws, Customized Screws...

TSAE FARN SCREWS HARDWARE CO., LTD. 2 Cap Screws, Aircraft Nails, All Kinds of Screws...

采凡

160

SHIN JAAN WORKS CO., LTD. 新展 Flanged Head Bolts, Long Carriage Bolts, Round Head Bolts...

TSENG WIN Ceiling Anchors, Cut Anchors, Drop-in Anchors...

成盈

137

SHUN DEN IRON WORKS CO., LTD. Fastener Tools, Bolts, Screws, Nuts, Stamped Parts...

順典

138

TSUN CHEN INDUSTRIAL CORP. Conical Washer Nuts, Flange Nylon Nuts With Washers...

總丞

197

SHUENN CHANG FA ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 舜倡發 Long Screws, Concrete Screws, Machine Screws...

TSUNAMI LTD. 宣大 Carbide Dies, Cutting Dies, First Punch Dies, Header Toolings...

240

SIN HONG HARDWARE PTE. LTD. (Singapore) 新豐 Hexagon Nuts, Hexagon Head Bolts, Blind Rivets...

104

TYCOONS GROUP ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 聚亨 Chipboard Screws, Collated Screws, Deck Screws, Drywall Screws...

SPEC PRODUCTS CORP. Lincensee Fasteners, Turned/Machined Parts...

友鋮

299

TZE PING PRECISION MACHINERY CO., LTD. 智品 Open Die Machines, Cold Headers, Cold Forming Machines...

SPECIAL RIVETS CORP. Blind Nuts / Rivet Nuts, Blind Rivets, Air Riveters...

恆昭

STARBEST ENTERPRISE CO.,LTD. Automotive Screws, Parts & Precision Electronic Screws...

展洋

UNISTRONG INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 六曜 Retaining Nuts, Sleeve Nuts, Weld Nuts, Automotive Screws...

UNIVERSAL PRECISION SCREWS (India) Dowel Pin and Shoulder Bolts…

140

Index of V

205

VAJRA POWER INDUSTRIES, INC. 金和鋼 Insert Bits, Power Bits, Bits Set, Bits Holders & Adapters, Nut Setter...

VERTEX PRECISION INDUSTRIAL CORP. 緯紘 6 Cuts/ 8 Cuts Self Drilling Screws, Barrel Nuts, Cap Screws...

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300

CHIEN TSAI MACHINERY ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 鍵財

292

CHING CHAN OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. 精湛

313

CHUM YUAN CO., LTD.

琛元

319

CHUN KAI MACHINERY CO., LTD.

駿凱

296

CHUN ZU MACHINERY INDUSTRY CO., LTD.

春日

華盛

315

DAH-LIAN MACHINE CO., LTD.

大連

309

E-UNION FASTENER CO., LTD.

威力寶

217

FULIHDER ENTERPRISE CO., LTD.

310

HONG FU METAL INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.

303

HONG TAY YUE ENTERPRISE CO.,LTD.

362

JERN YAO ENTERPRISES CO., LTD.

正曜

302

KING ANN INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.

金諳

327

KING YUAN DAR METAL ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 金元達

318

KUANG TAI METAL INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.

廣泰

357

LIAN SHYANG INDUSTRIES CO., LTD.

連翔

304

LIAN TENG MACHINERY INDUSTRY CO., LTD.

聯騰

WISEMETAL ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 恆信 Self-Drilling Screws, Wing Collated Screws, Sheet Metal Screws...

294

MING TANG MACHINERY CO., LTD. (WEN YANG )玟暘

323

POINTMASTER MACHINERY CO., LTD.

昶詠

WPJ HARDWARE COMPANY Solid Sleeves

322

QUAN LIAN ENTERPRISE CO., LTD.

全鏈

311

SHEEN TZAR CO., LTD.

新讚

325

SUN FAME MANUFACTURING CO., LTD.

商匯

306

TICHO INDUSTRIES CO., LTD.

帝潮

299

TZE PING PRECISION MACHINERY CO., LTD.

智品

VERTIGO FORMING SOLUTIONS CO., LTD. 佛帝克 Punches, Dies, Trimming Dies, Toolings, Nut Taps, Flat Rolling Dies...

WATTSON FASTENER GROUP INC. Clevis Bolts, 6 Cuts/ 8 Cuts Self Drilling Screws...

WE POWER INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Chipboard Screws, Concrete Screws, Drywall Screws...

259

WEI IN ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Cone Nuts, Spacers, Special Nuts, Collars, Bushings...

瑋瑩

WEI ZAI INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Anchors, Automotive Nuts, Cap Nuts, Flange Nuts...

葦在

239 230 24

356 36

WILLIAM SPECIALTY INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Chipboard Screws, Concrete Screws, Drywall Screws... WINLINK FASTENERS CO., LTD. T Head Bolts, Flange Screws, Daisy Bolts...

威廉特岡山東穎

武沛金

鴻富鴻大裕

友信

356

YESWIN MACHINERY CO., LTD.

友信

317

YI SHENG MACHINERY CO., LTD.

鎰晟

YI CHUN ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 誼峻 Cap Screws, Socket Set Screws, Cage Nuts, Automotive Parts...

301

SACMA GROUP (Italy)

317

YI SHENG MACHINERY CO., LTD. Self-drilling Screw Froming Machines

鎰晟

YING MING INDUSTRY CO., LTD. Automotive & Motorcycle Special Screws / Bolts...

穎明

YING YI CO., LTD. Sems Parts, Special Nuts, Pressed Parts...

穎翊

YOUR CHOICE FASTENERS & TOOLS CO., LTD. 太子 A2 Cap Screws, Bits & Bit Sets, Chipboard Screws...

360

YOW CHERN CO., LTD. 侑城 Flanged Head Bolts, Chipboard Screws, Floorboard Screws...

YUH CHYANG HARDWARE INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 鈺強 Automotive & Motorcycle Special Screws / Bolts...

358

YUH HER PRECISION CO., LTD. Drill-Point Dies

125

YUNG KING INDUSTRIES CO., LTD. 榮金 Dowel Pins, Roll Pins, Self-locking Pins, Cotter Pins, Split Pins...

201

奕盟富麗德

YESWIN MACHINERY CO., LTD. Bolt Formers, Multi-station Cold Forming Machines...

益弘

156

秉鋒

緯聯

YI HUNG WASHER CO., LTD. Rubber Washers, Plastic Screws, Custom Washers...

131

添福德

WYSER INTERNATIONAL CORP. Cage Nuts, Cap Nuts, Clinch Nuts, Acme Screws...

152

BIING FENG ENTERPRISE CO., LTD.

153

ALZIN COATING SYSTEMS CO., LTD.

298

WAN IUAN ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. 萬淵 Punches/Dies of Various Nuts, Screws, Sleeves and Socket Boxes

354

Machines & Equipment 機械暨周邊設備區 195

321

130

Advertisers

ZYH YIN ENT. CO., LTD. Euro Screws, Dowel Pins, Allen Keys, Confirmat Screws...

Punches 308

AN CHIAO MOLDS CO., LTD.

安喬

305

FRATOM FASTECH CO., LTD.

福敦

307

GIAN-YEH INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.

237

INFINIX PRECISION CORP.

320

KUO CHEN MOLD CO., LTD.

國鎮

263

TAIHO TOOL MFG. CO., LTD.

大寶

TSUNAMI LTD.

健業英飛凌

宣大

184

VERTIGO FORMING SOLUTIONS CO., LTD.

321

WAN IUAN ENTERPRISE CO., LTD.

萬淵

358

YUH HER PRECISION CO., LTD.

育和

佛帝克

Exhibitions

育和

至盈

工 / 模具區

329

FASTENER EXHIBITION & CONFERENCE (BIRMINGHAM)

335

FASTENER FAIR U.S.A.

337

FASTENER FAIR MEXICO

339

FASTENER FAIR THAILAND, BANGKOK

341

FASTENER POLAND

343

VIETNAM MANUFACTURING EXPO

349

METALEX VIETNAM

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Cover Story The Master with Critical

CNC Machining Technology - Yuh Chyang by Naiwen Chang, Fastener World Well-known for its robust manufacturing capabilities, the precision CNC machined parts manufacturer in Taiwan, Yuh Chyang Hardware Industrial Co., Ltd., has been designated by major European Tier 1 and Tier 2 suppliers to car manufacturers as an exclusive supplier for parts used in their engine, transmission, and braking systems. The products of Yuh Chyang featuring high precision and aesthetic appearance have not only successfully won the appreciation of many European/American customers, but also have earned the company a leading position in the automotive CNC market. Moreover, Yuh Chyang, which keeps enhancing its manufacturing capabilities, has also introduced some Japanese lathes in recent years, in order to optimize the precision and improve the quality of its products.

The All-new Plant with a More Tightened Security Level After moving into the 3,636 net sq. m new plant, Yuh Chyang then invested a great amount of capital in introducing high-precision lathes from Japan, not only significantly enhancing the precision of its products, but also upgrading the details and durability of finished products to a higher level. Yuh Chyang does not care about how much capital it has invested, but how much effort it has made to improve its manufacturing technology and quality. In addition, it has also greatly increased the security level of the new plant, had the well-arranged ventilation systems installed, increased natural light in the plant, offered a better workplace to employees, and introduced automated facilities to lower its labor cost.

Strong Manufacturing Capabilities Without Fear of Competition and Challenges Despite declines in some of its products sales, the sales of Yuh Chyang’s new products in 2019 have somewhat offset the situation. “It’s very hard to find a substitute for our products in the market, and our experience in manufacturing and technology both act as the force to drive us to extend our reach to different businesses,” said President Tsay-Sheng Tzeng. “As we have the core manufacturing technology, courage, and strengths, we could finally survive the gloomy day in 2019.”

Winning Customers’ Trust with Honesty and Quality Yuh Chyang, which maintains long-term collaboration with many international leading brands, continues to supply products with consistent quality and achieves years of excellent records of “no customers’ complaints. “With years of experience in manufacturing special CNC machined parts, we can soon realize where the customer’s product is applied; and therefore, we will focus on specific details of the product while manufacturing,” said President Tzeng. Having 100% of its products exported to Europe and America, Yuh Chyang has been in collaboration with customers in these regions for years. Such a close collaboration significantly reinforces the trust of these customers in Yuh Chyang, and Yuh Chyang could also realize these customers’ demands in return. For instance, Yuh Chyang has recently received a big order from a European leading company, which it has been in collaboration with for a long period of time, agreeing to switch all of the orders of its subsidiaries to Yuh Chyang. This is the best proof to Yuh Chyang’s capabilities. Looking forward, Yuh Chyang expects to take advantage of its precision manufacturing technology to extend its reach to products relevant to medical treatment. On the other hand, in terms of the impact the future electric vehicle market may bring, President Tzeng said unworriedly, “Every type of vehicle still requires a great number of machined parts. So, the key point remains to be: Customers will be happy to place orders to you if you could manufacture products to a quality level meeting their expectations.”

Lots of domestic or overseas manufacturers would reject orders for products with high risk. However, this is at all times not a case for President Tzeng, who fears not giving something a go or making a large investment. “We used to manufacture products made from unique materials with the requirement for advanced manufacturing technology and we also used special manufacturing modes to increase the quality and yield of products. That is why all of the companies in collaboration with Yuh Chyang have been quite satisfied with our products and keep expressing their will to maintain longterm collaboration with us,” said President Tzeng.

Contact: Tsay Sheng Tzeng E-mail : yc.cnc@msa.hinet.net Fastener World no.181/2020

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Company Focus

Technology is the Key for Chin Lih Hsing to Cope

with Challenges

Continuous Self-improvement to Compete in European and American CNC Markets by Naiwen Chang, Fastener World In close collaboration with international auto parts market, excellent machining technologies and experiences, and large scale of company, Chin Lih Hsing Precision Enterprise Co., Lt d. (C L H ) supplies va r ious mach i ne d a n d C NC pa r t s for globa l a ut omot ive, photoelectric, household applia nces a nd industrial applications. CLH sells up to 90% of its automotive fasteners to European and American markets, and satisfies customers’ various demands for customized products. Thus far, CLH has been installed with 200 automated mills, 30 CNC lathes, 12 slotting machines and many secondary processing machines. CLH’s monthly production reaches 80 million pieces, which keep the company to supply stable products, quality and prices.

The R&D Team Directly Led by President Under the leadership of President Chien Lee, the technical team is highly specialized in the R&D of products and scheduling the manufacturing procedures. Their powerful

manufacturing strength enables them to develop new products and design cost-effective and quality parts for their customers. Excellent technologies, first-rate quality and complete range of services are the reasons that CLH can keep its sustainable growth amongst all precision machined parts manufacturers. Since its inception in 1988 (more than 30 years ago), CLH has been mainly specialized in manufacturing insert nuts, steel plate rivets and brass nuts for plastics. All are made from brass, steel, stainless steel and aluminum, with the outer diameter of up to 40 mm and the length up to 280 mm.

Multiple Quality Control Procedures; A Reliable Brand Trusted in Advanced Markets CLH was certified to ISO 9001 in 1997 and was also sequentially certified to QS9000, ISO/TS16949 and IATF16949. The continuous improvements in the quality of products have made CLH become an automotive machined parts manufacturer leaving other competitors far behind. Focusing on serving the advanced markets in Europe and America, CLH adopted strict quality control over the entire manufacturing procedures including material feeding, manufacturing, cleansing, electroplating and sorting (in which 9 sets of automated optical sorting machines were installed). The major diameter, minor diameter, total length, head height, roundness, and shank diameter of finished products will be all inspected. In addition, CLH has introduced projectors, tensile strength testers and hardness machines into its plant to control quality.

Excellent Technology & Best Services Considering the growing electric vehicle market, increasing concerns about environmental protection, and stricter regulations on materials management, President Lee said that the whole company must get well prepared in response to such changes. As a result, the company sticks to its management philosophy of “Participation of All Members and Consistent Quality” and continues to provide customers with the optimal solutions, improve and upgrade its supportive measures, and answer any customer’s questions as soon as possible. Products of CLH are admired in the global supply chain with perfect appearances, sophisticated design and amazing durability. According to President Lee, if the company would like to maintain its outstanding growth and achieve sustainable operation on this stringent competition and challenging market, the only way is to continue to improve its professional skills and competitive edges, and accelerate the R&D of new products, which the entire CLH team is now ready to achieve.

Contact: Ms. Mandy Wang

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E-Mail: clh@clh.com.tw

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Association

by Gang Hao Chang, Vice Editor-in-Chief of Fastener World

“Participation of Young Generation, Interaction with Global Associations, Exhibiting at Int’l Trade Shows, and Arranging More Training Courses will be the Focal Points in My 2-Year Tenure,” Chairman Josh Chen says. 176

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Effective January 1st, 2020, President Josh Chen of Yung King Industries Co., Ltd. officially took the position as Chairman of Taiwan Fastener Trading Association (TFTA) for the next two years. Prior to taking this position, Chen has been quite active in many association affairs. He was not only one of the members right after TFTA became a juridical corporation, but also once served as president of TFTA N. Chapter, secretary-general and vice chairman. He has a wealth of experiences in the operation of TFTA.

In the interview Chairman Chen specifically referred to his blueprints for TFTA in the next two years and he also said that it is just the beginning of heavy responsibilities, so he will try his best to voice for the interests of members and further facilitate the healthy development of TFTA, especially when the whole world is fighting against the coronavirus outbreak. Chen also hopes that all relevant parties throughout the world in collaboration with Taiwanese suppliers could realize that the epidemic in Taiwan is currently under very good control and the production and delivery are still normal.

Chairman Chen plans to focus on three major perspectives in his tenure:

To Encourage Active Participation of Young Generation and Arrange More Social Activities

According to Chen, 2020 is the 31st anniversary of TFTA and the number of TFTA members has also shown a significant increase to more than 300. In this fast-changing era, the industry must be active in making quick responses to new trends (such as introducing new ideas and trying new approaches) and support more participation and contribution of young generation, which will help bring in new changes to the conventional industry. Based upon this idea, TFTA Service Committee will be renamed “Activity Committee.” With a clearer role position, this committee will arrange more activities interesting to young generation, in order to boost interaction amongst different generations and vitalize the operation of TFTA. Rail travel around the Taiwan island, visiting Toyota’s plant in Nagoya, and even playing paintball games will be scheduled into TFTA’s 2020 event calendar. Chen particularly noted, “The industry must never stop its improvement. Through experience sharing and learning amongst generations, I’m convinced that the positive and effective advancement within Taiwanese fastener industry could be soon observed.”

To Strengthen Interaction with Global Associations and Exposure at Int’l Trade Shows

For the past few years, TFTA has not only kept positive interaction with relevant fastener organizations in Taiwan, but also has established exchange platforms with other overseas fastener associations (NFDA & IFI in the U.S., EFDA & EIFI in the EU, SEIFSA in South Africa, SINPA in Brazil, and Hong Kong Screw and Fastener Council, for example). According to Chen, through int’l interaction, not only info exchange within industries could be further advanced, but also the opportunities for TFTA members to interact with overseas industries could be indirectly generated. As a result, when challenges are ahead, they can be well-prepared to face them. TFTA used to participate as invited guests in several annual events of these leading associations. After Chen took the position of Chairman, he will also invite representatives from these associations to participate in TFTA’s events. For instance, TFTA plans to invite representatives from NFDA, EFDA, IFI and many other large importers to participate in the welcome gala one day before Taiwan International Fastener Show (Oct. 14-16, 2020), where the global fastener industries will gather under one roof in anticipation of establishing closer friendship with each other in an ambiance of “We Are All Family.” Chen also noted that TFTA will continue to exhibit at International Fastener Expo in Las Vegas this year and Fastener Fair Stuttgart next year. Through member catalogues dissemination at these exhibitions, TFTA hopes to increase the brand awareness of its members in the global market, help them develop new business opportunities and solicit more customers, and most importantly, let the int’l society get to know the strengths of Taiwanese fastener industry, which is also one of the mission statements of TFTA.

To Provide Courses on More Topics at More Advanced Level; “Fastener Talent Certification” May be Introduced into the Industry in the Future

Over the few years TFTA held many training courses for members and almost every course was attended by nearly a hundred fastener professionals, which proved to be successful in improving the quality of fastener talents. Hence, Chen will continue to provide courses on more informative and educational topics, which not only include courses on production & quality control, but also include those lectured by keynote speakers and experts from MIRDC, academics, industry skill training centers and worldly well-known brands (e.g., marketing or finance management). He also mentioned the possibility of TFTA’s meeting room rentals for members to hold small training sessions or conferences, which can enhance the space utilization of TFTA headquarters. Considering the difficulty in training and hiring talents felt by many companies, Chen also hopes that with the influence of TFTA and by working with the authorities the “Fastener Talent Certification” can be introduced into the industry in the future. He added, “Similar certifications have been introduced into many industries. With the certification, companies can evaluate the skills of its job applicants in advance. Meanwhile, job applicants will be also forced to improve their skills before they submit resumes. However, Chen also added that it is still difficult to realize it at this moment, but can be a goal for the fastener industry in the future. Although there is currently no exact date for it, we hope that it can be finally made into reality, as it will definitely result in a sustainable development for the entire industry.

Helping Members Get Connected to the Global Market and Promote Strengths of Taiwanese Fastener Industry At the end of the interview, Chen noted, “The survival of the fastener industry depends on if one can work with each other. Through mutual collaboration the whole world can definitely see the strengths of Taiwanese fastener industry. Of course, more participation and interaction of our members are important. By doing so, Taiwanese fastener industry can be effectively and fast upgraded and show the whole world the power of products made-in-Taiwan.＂ Fastener World no.181/2020

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Association

Meet the New TFA Chairman by Dean Tseng, Fastener World

At the end of last year, Taiwan Fastener Association (TFA) had a newly elected Chairman, Mr. ChiaoTai Chen. At the start of this year, the Taiwanese construction market and multiple large events took the brunt of the outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated in Wuhan City of China. The Taiwanese domestic market has had a few ups and downs which added up to the mixed feelings of and concerns of domestic fastener business owners. Therefore, Fastener World editors paid a visit to Chairman Chen for an interview in which he shared his thoughts on the domestic market and the Association as well as his words to the members.

Shaping the 30th Year of TFA Together Last year, the Association organized an inspection team to Mongolia, in addition to holding a gala in spring, a directors and supervisors meeting and a two-day social activity. Chen said from his heart that the precious thing about the Association is that the members are well-consolidated, harmonious and don’t compete for unjust cause to maintain stability and facilitate consolidation for the Association. As for the arrangements for 2020 which are raising the interests of the members, Chen said the Association has reached its significant 30th anniversary, but he also pointed out the global impact of epidemic virus has made the Taiwanese people work together and take precautions against the virus. The Association is closely watching the development of the epidemic and looking to arrange the annual activities and the historically-significant 30th annual assembly.

Welcoming 8 New Members to the Association Focusing on the domestic fastener market, to date the number of TFA members has grown to around 150 countrywide. 80% out of them are distributors and 20% are collaborative factories. The Association is in steady incremental development. On top of that, the addition of 8 new members adds strength to the association's growth in 2020. “I'd like to thank the 8 new members for their support to the Association, and all other members for their support, help and feedback. The current annual domestic revenues for the Taiwanese market reach billions of NTDs. We have to be more consolidated, uphold the founding spirit of the Association, help increase the members and continue to drive the growth of Taiwanese fastener market,” said Chen.

2nd-generation Alliance, New Vigor for TFA Going Onwards TFA has grown for over 50 years, and the domestic fastener business owners are facing the critical phase of business succession. Chen said the Association has established 2nd-generation successors alliances in northern, central and southern Taiwan as a stage for the successors to exchange thoughts and demonstrate their strengths. The alliances in central and southern Taiwan were established first, and the northern alliance with 20 members was established on February 27, 2020. On issues regarding business succession, Chen suggested the current business owners should lay out the groundwork on factory environment and finance for the successors, encourage and respect the successors’ creativity, and give them the stage to demonstrate their strengths while maintaining thorough communication with them.

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American News

Compiled by Fastener World Inc.

China Trade Truce Freezes U.S. Fastener Tariffs Until 2020 The U.S. and China formally signed the first phase of a trade agreement intended to ease trade tensions between the world’s two largest economies. In exchange for a halt to tariff hikes, China agreed to purchase an additional $200 billion in U.S. goods over the next two years, CNBC reports. The additional purchases reportedly will come on top of the 2017 U.S. export numbers. Fasteners are not on the list of goods China promised to purchase, leaving the fastener industry to deal with 25% tariffs on bolts, screws and other fasteners (HTS subheadings 7318.11.00 to 7318.29.00) manufactured in China, as well as 15% tariffs on all Chinese iron and steel nuts (HTS subheading 7318.16.00) until at least the end of the year. President Donald Trump said he opposed any tariff cuts until a more comprehensive “phase two” agreement is reached with China, a deal he indicated would not occur until after the U.S. election in November 2020. He has said he plans to travel to Beijing for further negotiations at an unspecified later date. The trade deal is perceived as “fragile,” with some analysts still seeing more tariffs as a possibility, according to CNBC. “The phase one trade deal strikes an uneasy truce between the U.S. and China, but even with the reprieve, analysts see more tensions between the U.S. and its trading partners,” writes Patti Domm of CNBC. Trump’s strategy to use import tariffs to protect and boost U.S. manufacturers led to job losses and higher prices, according to a Federal Reserve study published in December. “We find that the 2018 tariffs are associated with relative reductions in manufacturing employment and relative increases in producer prices,” concluded Fed economists Aaron Flaaen and Justin Pierce. American businesses and consumers are bearing the financial brunt of President Trump’s trade war. “U.S. tariffs continue to be almost entirely borne by U.S. firms and consumers,” stated Mary Amiti, an economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. U.S. Federal Reserve research (and other economists) shows that U.S. tariffs on Chinese industrial components and materials — which largely won’t be lifted by the new deal that was signed in January — are “proving especially damaging to American manufacturing competitiveness and jobs” Reuters reports. In mid 2019, Brighton-Best International president Jun Xu said that his company took a “hybrid” approach to address tariffs. “We’ve had to increase our prices to compensate for the added cost of tariffs, and we’ve been looking to diversify our countries of origin,” Xu stated. Ohio-based Stelfast president Don Haggerty said that his company also raised prices. On September 1, the U.S. imposed 15% levies on another $300 billion worth of Chinese imports, including all iron and steel nuts (HTS subheading 7318.16.00) imported from China. Trump’s original 10% duty on fasteners from China was applied September 24, 2018. The duty was increased to 25% in May. The Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) announced a tariff exclusion request process for Section 301 tariffs in July.

The Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) list includes: 7318.11.00 7318.12.00 7318.13.00 7318.14.10 7318.14.50 7318.15.20 7318.15.40 7318.15.50 7318.15.60 7318.15.80 7318.19.00 7318.21.00 7318.22.00 7318.23.00 7318.24.00 7318.29.00

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Iron or steel, coach screws Iron or steel, wood screws (o/than coach screws) Iron or steel, screw hooks and screw rings Iron or steel, self-tapping screws, w/shanks or threads less than 6 mm in diameter Iron or steel, self-tapping screws, w/shanks or threads 6 mm or more in diameter Iron or steel, bolts and bolts & their nuts or washers, imported in the same shipment Iron or steel, machine screws (o/than cap screws), 9.5 mm or more in length and 3.2 mm in diameter Iron or steel, threaded studs Iron or steel, screws and bolts, nesoi, having shanks or threads less than 6 mm in diameter Iron or steel, screws and bolts, nesoi, having shanks or threads 6 mm or more in diameter Iron or steel, threaded articles similar to screws, bolts, nuts, coach screws & screw hooks, nesoi Iron or steel, spring washers and other lock washers Iron or steel, washers (o/than spring washers and other lock washers) Iron or steel, rivets Iron or steel, cotters and cotter pins Iron or steel, nonthreaded articles similar to rivets, cotters, cotter pins, washers and spring washers

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American News

FINdex Gains Outpace Related Industrial Stocks in '19

The FIN Fastener Stock Index gained 33.7% in 2019, besting a 24.4% increase by an index of related industrial stocks.

included Chicago Rivet (down 18%), Dorman Products (down 15.9%), Fastenal (down 29.3%), and Tree Island Steel (down 21.6%).

EACO (Bisco Industries) achieved the highest percentage gain, improving 84% during the year. Full-year revenues grew 14.5% to $221.2 million, largely due to a higher volume of product sales. Gross margin rose 11.3% to $61.2 million.

After slowing to 5.4% rate of increase in the third quarter, the FINdex increased 11.7% in the fourth quarter of 2019, outperforming a 0.98% gain by an index of related industrial stocks during the quarter.

Arconic achieved an 82.5% increase in 2019. During Q3, Arconic realigned its operations into two segments: the Engineered Products and Forgings (EP&F) segment and Global Rolled Products (GRP) segment. The EP&F businesses will remain in the existing company, which will be renamed Howmet Aerospace Inc. at separation, and the GRP businesses will comprise Spin Co. and will be named Arconic Corporation at separation.

Lawson Proudcts achieved the highest percentage gain in Q4, increasing 34.5% during the period. Founded in 1952, Lawson Products distributes MRO products and services. Lawson has distribution centers in all 50 states, Puerto Rico, Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean and is headquartered in Chicago. Lawson’s Bolt Supply House serves customers in Western Canada and the Kent Automotive brand supplies the collision and mechanical repair products to the automotive aftermarket.

Other companies achieving a stock increase of 20% or more during the year included Carpenter Tech (40%), Grainger (20%), ITW (41.8%), Lawson Products (64.9%), Simpson Mfg. (48.2%), Stanley Black & Decker (38.4%), and Wesco Aircraft (39.5%). FINdex companies losing 10% or more in value during 2019

Other FINdex companies achieving gains of 10% or more during Q4 included Arconic (18.3%), EACO (20.6%), Fastenal (13.1%), Grainger (13.9%), ITW (14.8%), Nucor (10.5%), Park Ohio (12.7%), Simpson Mfg. (15.6%), Stanley Black & Decker (14.8%), and Tree Island Steel (11.3%).

Washer Importer Loses AD Duty Appeal A federal circuit court affirmed that imports of spring lock washers from China by United Steel and Fasteners Inc. (USF) were properly subjected to U.S. antidumping duties because evidence supported their classification as “helical” washers, Bloomberg Law reports. However, the appeals court held that the Commerce Department overstepped its authority in making the duties on the company’s washers retroactive by 20 years. The U.S. has imposed antidumping duties on certain Chinese helical spring lock washers since 1993. In 2013, USF requested a scope ruling from Commerce, arguing that its imports didn’t fall within the scope of helical washers for the railway market. The court determined that Commerce can only retroactively apply an antidumping duty on USF’s lock washers on or before the start date of a scope investigation, according to Law360. Founded more than 30 years ago, Itasca, IL-based USF distributes bolts, screws, nuts and pins for industrial and railway markets.

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American News Bulten To Acquire PSM International Swedish fastener manufacturer Bulten agreed to acquire all shares in PSM International Holdings Limited for US$24.5 million (SEK 230 million), strengthening Bulten’s position in the international fasteners market and providing a “strong platform for continued growth globally.” Founded in 1931, PSM manufactures and supplies fasteners to international markets, primarily automotive. The company has approximately 350 employees and production facilities in China, Taiwan and the UK, as well as distribution centers in 22 countries. Asia-Pacific accounts for approximately 50% of PSM's sales, while the U.S. accounts for approximately 30% of PSM’s US$42 million (approximately SEK 395 million) in annual sales. The acquisition is expected to be completed during the first quarter of 2020. Bulten recently opened its new automotive fastener factory in Tianjin, China, which is about 90 miles southeast of Beijing. Founded in 1873, Sweden-based Bulten supplies fasteners to the international automotive industry, with 1,400 employees in eight countries.

$100 Million in Annual Sales for Field Fastener Field Fastener reports it has achieved its goal of reaching US$100 million in annual sales. This accomplishment is a major validation of the commitment to serve its customers and use its culture as a competitive advantage over the past 29 years. “When the company went to Vegas to celebrate our 20 year anniversary, I boldly predicted we would continue to grow at about 19% per year, and as a result, would be a US$100 million company in eight to ten years,” said Field Chairman. The value proposition was clear from the beginning—be the best in the industry at reducing costs from a technical approach to fastening and provide world-class VMI programs that always ensure part availability while continuously improving processes. Field would like to thank all of its customers, suppliers and the Field family, who have all played a huge role in achieving this milestone. news provided by John Wolz, Editor of FIN (globalfastenernews.com) Mike McNulty, FTI VP & Editor (www.fastenertech.com)

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European News

compiled by Fastener World

EU Launches Anti-dumping Investigation into Pins and Staples from China The European Commission has initiated an anti-dumping investigation concerning imports of pins and staples, originating in the People’s Republic of China. The Commission published Notice of Initiation 2019/c 425/08 in the EU Official Journal on 18th December 2019. The notice defines the product subject to investigation as: Staples, whether or not in strips or in coils, hog rings, whether or not in strips, brad nails in strips, and pins in strips; of steel wire, whether or not coated, of aluminium alloy wire, or of stainless steel wire; designed for joining or holding together materials or objects (‘the product under investigation’). Nails in coils are excluded from the product under investigation. The products fall within a number of CN codes identified by the notice as: ex 7317 00 20, ex 7317 00 60, ex 7317 00 80, ex 7326 20 00, ex 7616 10 00, 8305 20 00, and ex 8308 10 00. ‘ex’ signifies that not all products within the cited code are subject to investigation, so the description is critical for importers and manufacturers to determine the extent to which they are affected. The deadlines for registration of interest and submission of evidence, which are short, particularly given the timing of the notice just before the winter holiday, are defined in the Notice of Initiation, which can be downloaded in all EU languages from the EU Official Journal here: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.C_.2019.425.01.0021.01.ENG&toc=OJ:C:2019:425:TOC The Notice confirms the schedule of investigation as: The investigation will be concluded, pursuant to Article 6(9) of the basic Regulation within normally 13, but not more than 14 months of the date of the publication of this Notice. In accordance with Article 7(1) of the basic Regulation, provisional measures may be imposed normally not later than 7 months, but in any event not later than 8 months from the publication of this Notice. In accordance with Article 19a of the basic Regulation, the Commission will provide information on the planned imposition of provisional duties 3 weeks before the imposition of provisional measures.

Market Conditions Affect Trifast Half Year In the face of “the challenging macroeconomic environment” Trifast plc reported revenues eroded by -2.7%, on a constant exchange rate basis, to GB£102.2 million (€120.4 million). Underlying operating profit margins held up at 10.6% (CER). At actual exchange rate half year revenues were down -1.8%. Underlying operating profit margins held in double digits at 10.6% (CER) – compared with 11.3% in the first half previous year. Profit before tax was -1% down at GB£7.9 million. Trifast says ongoing market share wins restricted Group automotive revenue reduction to -2.5%, against a global production downturn of -7.3%. The Group spent GB£2.5 million during the half year on Project Atlas, its multi-year investment in systems, policies and procedures, reported as on track and on budget. With a strong balance sheet and around GB£40 million banking facility headroom, Trifast sees itself well-positioned to take advantage of increased M&A opportunities resulting from market conditions. Non-executive chairman, Malcolm Diamond MBE, commented: “Despite the short-term end market weaknesses and macroeconomic uncertainty, we are confident in the strong long-term fundamentals of our business model. The board remains committed to its ongoing investment driven growth strategy and is optimistic for the long-term future." "After ten years of continuous growth and strong cash generation, we have a very solid balance sheet. This coupled with our new banking facilities provides us with significant flexibility and security, to continue to invest and to make sure that when the macroeconomic environment begins to settle, we have the best foundation and are in the best possible position to add further stimulus to our growth ambitions."

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European News Malcolm Diamond to Retire In a separate announcement Trifast said Malcolm Diamond had notified the board of his intention to retire as non-executive chairman and step down as a director with effect from 31st March 2020, the Group’s year end. Trifast announced that current non-executive director, Jonathan Shearman will take over as non-executive chairman with effect from 1st April 2020. Malcolm Diamond said: "Having overseen the smooth CEO and CFO succession plan at Trifast as well as the adoption of the transformational 'Project Atlas', now halfway through its four year implementation, I feel comfortable in retiring as chair at the end of March 2020 knowing that the TR Board and the business is in such *Source: European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association ACEA. good shape."

NORMA YTD Sales Up But Organic Growth Down NORMA Group has reported sales for the period January to September 2019 increased 2.6% to €838.6 million. However, organic sales declined -1.6% in the period. The Kimplas and Statek acquisitions contributed 1.6% and positive currency effects a further 2.6% to sales growth. The adjusted EBITA margin was 14.2% for the period (Q1 – Q3 2018: 16%). NORMA attributed the decline in margin to significantly lower production volumes in the automotive industry, increased personnel costs and costs introducing a new ERP in Latin America. EMEA region sales for the nine months fell 0.9% to €372.3 million (Q1–Q3: €375.7 million). Orgnaic sales declined 1.6%, with “ongoing restrained business in the automotive sector” the main issue. American sales rose 5.4% to €352.2 million in the first nine months of 2019 (Q1 – Q3 2018: €334.3 million). Growth was mainly due to strong water business and positive currency effects, which contributed 6.1% to sales growth. Organic sales declined 0.8% mainly due to the weak business in the Engineered Joining Technology division. Asia-Pacific sales increased 6.6% to €114.2 million (Q1 – Q3 2018: €107.2 million). An organic sales decline of -4.1% was offset by positive currency effects of +1% and acquisition related sales contributions of +9.6%. “The tense situation on the global automobile market still poses a challenge for us,” said Dr Michael Schneider, member of the management board of NORMA Group. “The positive development of our water management division, however, underscores the fact that NORMA Group is in a stable and sustainable position thanks to its broad range of products and services and its strategic focus on the future markets of water management and electromobility.” In mid-October NORMA revised its full year organic sales forecast to decline between -2% and -4% (previously -1 to +1%), mainly due to the sharp slump in American EJT business due in part to strikes at car and truck makers. EMEA and Asia-Pacific regions also lagged slightly behind expectations. NORMA expects to achieve an adjusted EBITA margin of more than 13%. On 5th November NORMA announced its “Get on track” programme, comprising measures to enhance the Group’s flexibility and profitability. Actions include optimisation of locations worldwide and the streamlining and close management of the product portfolio. The programme is expected to deliver sustained cost savings starting in 2020, achieving annual savings of €40 million – €45 million in 2023. Total programme cost through 2023 is projected at €45 million – €50 million.

SFS Expands Its Fastening System Business for Façades SFS is acquiring Moderne Befestigungselemente GmbH (mbe) – a leading supplier of painted fasteners for high-performance façade systems. mbe generated about €10 million in sales with just under 70 employees in 2018. This acquisition expands SFS’ offering of fastening systems and its market reach in central Europe. The completion of the acquisition is subject to regulatory approvals. mbe was established in Menden, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, in 1979 and it supplies mainly the German specialty retailers with painted fasteners for ventilated façade systems. In addition to its strong, long-standing customer relationships with specialty retailers, mbe has vast expertise in painting technology and differentiates itself on its very quick response and delivery times. Customers can individualise the colour of the fasteners they order and small quantities can be fulfilled within 24 to 48 hours. Acquiring mbe gives SFS direct access to specialty retailers for premium façade solutions. Customers and distribution partners of mbe will benefit from availability of the broad product range of SFS. mbe will remain based in Menden and it will become part of the Construction division within the Fastening Systems segment. Its previous management will stay with the company throughout the transition period and thereby ensure the necessary continuity. The completion of the acquisition is subject to regulatory approvals. Provided by Fastener + Fixing Magazine www.fastenerandfixing.com

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Russian

Compiled by Fastener World

News

Participants of Russian Fastener Market were Told About Taiwan International Fastener Show 2020 On January 30th, the Taiwan Trade Center in St. Petersburg held a business seminar, which was dedicated to Taiwan International Fastener Show 2020. The seminar provided information on the fastener manufacturing cluster and the leading Taiwanese fastener companies. Taiwan Foreign Trade Development Council (TAITR A) announced the opening of grants to attend Taiwan Int’l Fastener Show. Taiwan's Foreign Trade Development Council also announced the opening of grants to participate in procurement sessions. At the seminar, several visitors of past exhibitions shared their impressions and results of their business trips.

Equipment from Taiwan Operates at Many Russian Hardware Plants Recently, Russia has launched more production of selftapping screws. Small companies created these plants in different cities. At the same time, large manufacturers of fasteners are expanding their production. This was stated by the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant, MMKMetiz. Severstal-Metiz decided to start manufacturing self-tapping screws. Most of these plants have equipment manufactured in Taiwan. Successful experience in the supply of Taiwanese hardware for the manufacture of fasteners will be discussed at the upcoming regular conference “Fasteners. Quality and Responsibility” by a representative of Rost Group & Technology Co., Ltd. This conference is scheduled to be held on April 15-16 in St. Petersburg.

BSW Sold US$ 368 Million Worth of Innovative Products in 2019 BSW sold about 740,000 tons of innovative products (valued at over $ 368 million) to consumers at the end of 2019. Share of such products in the total shipment of the plant was 27.3 percent. Last year, BSW produced 265 types of innovative products, 12 of which were mastered for the first time. For example, it started production of new types of steel reinforcement grades, hot-rolled pipes for the oil and gas industry and alloy rod. In addition, in 2019, its factory manufactured and shipped 29 innovative types of products ranging from rolled products of auto components to metal cord for leading tire companies. Their implementation and development in production is planned after passing all the necessary tests. 148 researches, development and experimental works were also performed at BSW. Specialists of the factory have written scientific articles for the periodicals of Belarus, Russia, and Italy. In 2019, the total cost of research and development of BSW, which has the status of a scientific organization since 2017, amounted to about US$ 7.6 million. Alexander Ostashov, editor of “Fasteners, Adhesives, Tools and...” Magazine Mariya Valiakhmetova, editor of “Metiz” Magazine

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Brazilian

News

Compiled by Fastener World Inc.

“Triumph” Motorcycles Suffer Recall for Applying Locking Chemical The Triumph Motorcycles Brazil is one of the company's 12 subsidiaries worldwide and is headquartered in São Paulo (SP) with a factory in Manaus. On Feb./05/2020, the company announced the call for the owners of 201 motorcycles sold in the country, model Speed Twin (model year 2019, with chassis number between 97ND54HF9KM932929 and 97ND54HF3LM976037), to carry out the application of locking chemical on the spherical joint region of the shift pedal. According to the press release, "the connection lever of the travel pedal may come loose in the region of the ball joint, resulting in excessive movement at the end of the gear shift lever, which can restrict the movement of the travel pedal. On motorcycles affected, the front and rear spherical joints may come loose, making it difficult to change gears and, if not corrected, leave the driver without the possibility of selecting gears, which may increase the risk to the driver and third parties. Such a corrective action aims to ensure the safety of Triumph customers and the time spent in performing the service is approximately 30 minutes".

Brazilian Vehicle Production in 2019 and Its Estimated Fastener Consumption

by Sergio Milatias, Editor Revista do Parafuso (The Fastener Brazil Magazine) milatias@revistadoparafuso.com.br www.revistadoparafuso.com

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Innovation Alley

Special Feature

compiled by Fastener World

Strength Tester for Welding Nuts In recent yea rs Japa n has expa nded the use of high-tension steel with more stringent requirements on welding. Given t hat testers a re generally used in development a nd QC units and are highly-priced, factory owners hope for a way to brief ly measure the bonding intensity of weld nuts. Ohashi Engineering's "ABK270 0" tester ca n brief ly measure the weld intensity of nuts and the company will target sales at automotive component plants. The tester is 53cm x 60cm x 88.5cm in size and weighs 78 kilograms. In the measurement process, the steel is fixed and a bolt is fastened into a weld nut on the steel. Hydraulic pressure is applied from underneath to push in the bolt, and through the load cell on top, the tester measures the nut's strength up to the point where the nut detaches from the steel. The maximum load capacity is 40kN.

3D Tech Helps Keep Thieves at Bay As car security systems become increasingly more sophisticated, thieves are targeting car parts instead, including alloy wheels. One method to deter wheel thieves is to use locking nuts, one on each wheel, which require a special adapter, or key, to loosen. But even these are not invulnerable. "Our engineers have now developed unique locking wheel nuts using 3D printing technology. Together with EOS, a leading supplier for high-end solutions in additive manufacturing, we have created locking nuts with contours based on the driver’s voice." Like an iris scan or a fingerprint, a person’s voice can be used as a unique biometric identification. Engineers record the driver’s voice for a minimum of one second, saying something like “I drive a Ford Mustang”, and use software to convert that singular soundwave into a physical, printable pattern. This pattern is then turned into a circle and used as the design for the locking nut’s indentation and key. With the geometry in place, the nut and key are designed as one piece, then 3D-printed using acid and corrosion resistant stainless steel. When finished, the nut and key are separated, with a small amount of grinding required to make them ready for use. The design also includes second level security features that prevent the nut from being cloned or copied. The unevenly spaced ribs inside the nut and indentations that widen the deeper they go prevent a thief from making a wax imprint of the pattern, as the wax breaks when it is pulled from the nut. If not using the driver’s voice to create the contours, the nuts could feature designs specific to a vehicle, such as with the Mustang logo, or use the driver’s initials. The design could also take inspiration from a driver’s interest, for example, by using the outline of a famous racetrack.

High-performance BR12PP-8 Smart Rivet Tool The high-performance BR12PP-8 Smart Rivet Tool from STANLEY® Assembly Technologies, the global leader in precision fastening, allows manufacturers to reduce scrap, optimize the assembly area, and provide real-time process data to the existing plant manufacturing execution system by recording the stem break load and rivet pull distance. “The product launch of the BR12PP-8, STANLEY Assembly Technologies is the latest development in partnership with the STANLEY® Engineered Fastening to offer the best in smart, cordless, programmable rivet setting technology,” said Deanna Postlethwaite, director of global product management at STANLEY Assembly Technologies. The BR12PP-8 Smart Rivet Tool offers benefits including: • Digitally adjustable force and distance acceptance values • Use 1 tool for many rivets and applications for reduced cost of ownership and increased error detection • Detects errors in the process, preventing customer returns and recalls • Optional integrated force switch • Programmable multi-function button provides a simple, flexible way to complete many different tasks with a single button • Durable brushless DC servo motor engineered for the high production environment

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Country: Taiwan Company: GARMIN 台灣國際航電股份有限公司 Looking for: Fiber Washers For Underwater Sealing (Temp. Range: -40℃~85℃), Used For M5 Screws Posted on: Feb/11/2020

Country: S. Korea Company: Flownix Looking for: Stainless Steel Square Washer Sems Bolt (bolt: M3 length 4~6mm; washer: 7~9mm rectangular or square) Posted on: Feb/26/2020

6 mm

Country: USA Company: Treetop Technical Products Looking for: Screw M3 X 6mm Flat Phil Undercut BLK-Zinc, Quote Qty 5000, 10K, 25K, 50K, 100K pcs Posted on: Feb/11/2020 5.35 mm

1.1 mm

90°

Country: Kazakhstan Company: ТОО "Павлодарметизцентр" Looking for: Bolts, Nuts, Washers, Nails, Spring Washers Posted on: Feb/26/2020 Country: UK Company: Urban Logistics Prop Co 1 (Ac) Limited Looking for: Dry Wall Screws Below Specifications: PHIL Drive Bugle Head Fine Thread, Case Hardened Fine Thread, Black Phosphate 48 Hrs, Salt Spray Test, Material C-1022 Posted on: Feb/25/2020 Country: Egypt Company: Al-Amal For Import And Export Looking for: Self-Drilling Screw, Diameter 5-6 mm, By Long 5 Cm, Torx Head Flat

Posted on: Feb/25/2020 Country: Iran Company: Asghari Bolt And Nut Looking for: Self Drilling Screw Posted on: Feb/21/2020 Country: Panama Company: ICRH, S.A. Looking for: A Hard Plastic Fasteners Storage Cabinet With Drawers Posted on: Feb/20/2020 Country: India Company: B.R. INDUSTRIES Looking for: Allen Bolt-5X16(3 Ton), Allen Bolt-4X12(1 Ton), Allen Bolt-4X10(500 Kg), Allen Bolt-5X20(2 Ton), Allen Bolt6X30(1 Ton), Allen Bolt-5X12(500 Kg) Posted on: Feb/20/2020

Buyers Inquiries Bulletin Board compiled by Fastener World ※This bulletin board only lists the latest 20 postings for "Buyers Inquiries." For more details about buyers' inquiries and sellers info, please register your account and log onto our website at https://www. fastener-world.com/buyandsell.php

Country: Singapore Company: Rebound Singapore Pte. Ltd. Looking for: POP-6674-0 Nippon POP Rivets Qty/Month: 20,000 pcs Posted on: Feb/17/2020 Country: USA Company: Tri Surge Solutions Looking for: WFLSW10 - Flat Washer 3/8 OD 316SS; PPMSSW8C1.5 - 8-32 x 1-1/2 Phil Pan MS; PFMSSW8C1.5 - 8-32 x 1-1/2 PH Flat MS; ESN09NM82 - 8-32 Nylon Insert Nut 316SS; PPTEKSX8X.75 - 8 x 3/4 Phil Pan Tek 316SS Posted on: Feb/13/2020 Country: Russia Company: Traiv-Komplekt Looking for: Metric And Inch HighStrength Fasteners Posted on: Feb/12/2020 Country: Hong Kong (China) Company: 杰歐國際有限公司 Looking for: Metal Parts, Screws Posted on: Feb/11/2020

Country: Czech Republic Company: Academy of Arts, Architecture and Design in Prague Looking for: Hinge (Left And Right) From Stainless Steel AISI 316L, 200 Screws M1,8 (For Hinge), 1,600 Self-Tapping Screws (Material: AISI 316L; Tolerance: 0.05mm; Surface: No Treating) Posted on: Feb/17/2020

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3 mm

M3 x 0.5 mm Thread

PART NUMBER

SS-039-0165-00-TK

SCREW M3 X 6MM FLAT PHIL UNDERCUT BLK-ZINC Trivalent Black

Country: Vietnam Company: Nhat Minh Mechanical Electrical Construction Company Limited Looking for: Bolt, ECU, Affordable Hatches Posted on: Feb/10/2020 Country: India Company: Daman International Looking for: High Tensile Strength Bolt Posted on: Feb/06/2020 Country: Romania Company: SC MAGIC MYG MG Looking for: Chipboard Screws To Fix Hinge In Hard Wood & Cardboard; Consumption: 1-2 Full Containers Monthly. Posted on: Feb/05/2020 Country: Saudi Arabia Company: MAFCO Looking for: Allen Bolt M18x80 GR. 12.9 (Qty: 1000 pc), W/Nut & Spring Washer; 12-Point Black Spline Bolt, 12.6mmx43mm (Qty: 200 pcs); 12-Point Black Spline Bolt, 12.6mm x 30mm (Qty: 200 pcs) Posted on: Jan/22/2020 Country: Russia Company: Traiv Komplekt Looking for: High-Strength Fasteners, Fasteners Made Of Polyamide, Brass Fasteners, And Stainless Steel Fasteners Posted on: Mar/11/2020 Country: Canada Company: QBD Cooling Systems Inc. Looking for: Various Screws With Certain Specifications Posted on: Mar/03/2020

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Industry Update Carbon and Alloy Steel Threaded Rod from Taiwan Injures U.S. Industry, Says USITC T he United States I nter national Trade Commission (USITC) determined that a U.S. industry is materially injured by reason of imports of carbon and alloy steel threaded rod from Taiwan that the U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) has determined are sold in the United States at less than fair value. Cha i r ma n David S. Joha nson a nd Commissioners Rhonda K. Schmidtlein, Jason E. Kearns, Randolph J. Stayin, and Amy A. Karpel voted in the affirmative. As a result of the USITC’s affirmative determination, Commerce will issue an antidumping duty order on imports of this product from Taiwan.

USITC Makes Determination in FiveYear (Sunset) Review Concerning Steel Threaded Rod from China The U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC) determined that revoking the existing antidumping duty order on imports of steel threaded rod from China would be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of material injury within a reasonably foreseeable time. As a result of the Commission’s affirmative determination, the existing antidumping duty order on imports of this product from China will remain in place. Chairman David S. Johanson and Commissioners Rhonda K. Schmidtlein, Jason E. Kearns, Randoph J. Stayin, and Amy A. Karpel voted in the affirmative. This action comes under the five-year (sunset) review process required by the Uruguay Round Agreements Act. The Commission’s public report Steel Threaded Rod from China (Inv. No. 731-TA-1145 (Second Review), USITC Publication 5019, February 2020) will contain the views of the Commission and information developed during the review. The report will be available by March 12, 2020; when available, it may be accessed on the USITC website at: https:// www.usitc.gov/commission_publications_library.

South Africa Announces Final Determination on AD Investigation Against Certain Imported Threaded Fasteners of Iron and Steel On February/10/2020, South Africa announced its final determination on the antidumping investigation against certain imported threaded fasteners of iron and steel and will impose three phases of ad valorem protective measures upon products involved in this case, which include: 54.04% at phase I (March/27/2020March/26/2021), 52.04% at phase II (March/27/2021-March/26/2022), and 50.04% at phase III (March/27/2022-March/26/2023). Products involved are 7318.15.41, 7318.15.42 and 7318.16.30. The investigation period is between July/01/2014-June/30/2018. This investigation was launched after South African Iron and Steel Institute submitted its application on March 01, 2019.

US DCMA Reveals F-35 Stealth Combat Aircraft Could Have the Wrong Bolts in Critical Areas Loaded with the latest technology, F-35 is considered the most unrivaled combat airplane in the world for its aerospace electronic technology and stealth design. Lockheed Martin Corporation, the maker behind F-35, estimates this airplane will be in service for 50 years and become the best sold stealth combat airplane in the world. No one would have thought something would go wrong with this high-tech airplane. Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) exposed in an email to Air Force Magazine that all F-35s could have the wrong bolts in critical areas. DCMA says F-35s could have mistakenly used titanium alloy fasteners on positions that call for Inconel fasteners. The former cost USD 20 per piece and the latter is only USD 5 per piece. This leads to a significant impact on the three models of F-35. F-35A has a total of 48,919 fasteners installed, and 1.7% of them are Inconel fasteners (848 pieces). F-35B has 50,603 fasteners, and 1.7% of them are Inconel fasteners (877 pieces). With wings that are 30% larger than the other models, F-35C is heavier and has to take a higher load impact. It has 51,353 fasteners, and 3.5% of them are Inconel fasteners (1,813 pieces). The fasteners on F-35s, called "Eddie-Bolt 2 Fastening System", are manufactured by Arconic. The mistaken bolts look almost the same in size and appearance as Inconel bolts. The only distinction is the different head marks making it difficult to tell which is which. Titanium alloy bolts have a shear strength of 95KSI, and Inconel bolts have 108KSI or 125KSI. Although the airplanes' design keeps enough strength capacity, it overlooks a characteristic of Inconel: corrosion resistance. The 400 units of F-35 delivered recently could have a shortened service life due to wrong use of materials, because the compatibility of titanium alloy in use with the airplane's body materials is different from the use of Inconel. Using the wrong one could very well cause corrosion to appear between the materials.

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Fastener World News 25.769 Million Cars Sold in China, Down 8.2% China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM) published the car sales statistics for 2019. The country produced 25.721 million cars, down 7.5%, and sold 25.769 million cars, down 8.2% from the previous year, hitting an 18-month new low for the world's largest car market. Wit h a n enor mous domestic demand, the Chinese automotive market quickly rose as the world's largest automotive market, but as the market waned, so did the car sales which returned to a normal level and then in 2018 were met with the first negative growth in the past 28 years. In 2019 there were the transformation and upgrade of the Chinese automotive industry, the U.S./China trade war, the transition to new environmental regulations and a large cut on subsidies for new energy cars that seriously impacted the overall market performance.

Fastener World Exhibited of Fasteners World Middle East On January 13-16, 2020, Fasteners World Middle East was given at Expo Centre Sharjah and was enthusiastically attended by exhibitors specialized in a variety of fasteners, pipes & tubes, tools, metal processing machines, etc. and many distributors and buyers from the Middle East. This year exhibitors from 35 countries/regions and visitors from 69 countries/regions participated at the Exhibition. During the four days of exhibition, professional buyers from the Middle East and N. Africa (such as Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Jordan, Egypt, etc.), who were mostly from gas & oil, construction, machinery, electronics industries, gathered together at the venue. Many of them came to look for suppliers info of high-strength large-size screws and construction screws. As most of the local demands for fasteners are satisfied by imports, traders are, as a result, quite active in the region. On the other hand, local buyers seem to prefer collaborating with companies having local operations. The crosscountry shipment costs are also one of the major concerns a few buyers will take into account when they are seeking for collaboration. One local fastener manufacturer told Fastener World at the Exhibition that due to lots of benefits that was brought by infrastructure projects in many countries across the region or that may be brought by Expo 2020 Dubai, the regional market has continuously demonstrated fast growing demands and inquiries for fasteners in recent years. Fastener Worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Global Purchase Network is also a very useful online business to business platform to local buyers. Many buyers are also pleased to look for specific products through this platform and recognize it as a time and labor saving cross-country collaboration platform.

Top 10 Fasteners (Incl. Nails) Export Destinations of Taiwan in 2019 Country USA 1 Germany 2 3 Netherlands Japan 4 UK 5 Canada 6 Italy 7 Poland 8 Mexico 9 Sweden 10

Weight 675,606,983 132,939,387 80,987,763 74,532,873 56,048,577 51,634,694 32,571,065 31,682,273 31,520,058 29,114,718

Weight (KG) Share 43.67% 8.59% 5.23% 4.82% 3.62% 3.34% 2.11% 2.05% 2.04% 1.88%

Value (USD) YoY Ratio Value Share -3.23% 1,873,736,037 41.56% -14.59% 395,909,093 8.78% -12.97% 2230,740,698 5.12% 3.75% 253,318,338 5.62% -6.14% 176,008,541 3.90% -15.32% 148,053,452 3.28% -21.88% 84,244,716 1.87% -7.33% 68,094,646 1.51% -0.06% 99,767,583 2.21% -3.14% 95,469,400 2.12%

YoY Ratio -1.97% -13.28% -12.80% 3.57% -3.55% -10.22% -21.64% -4.68% 2.65% -4.27%

Source: TIFI

Top 10 Exported Fasteners (Incl. Nails) Categories of Taiwan in 2019 Category 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

7318159000 7318160000 7318140000 7318120000 7317009010 7318190000

Other Screws & Bolts Nuts Self-tapping Screws Wood Screws Steel Nails Other Threaded Articles

7318220000 Other Washers 7318290000 Other Non-threaded Articles 7318230000 Rivets 7318240000 Pins & Cotter Pins

Weight (KG) Weight Share 828,109,317 53.52% 274,831,232 17.76% 203,605,796 13.16% 99,254,548 6.42% 57,564,471 3.72% 19,527,816 1.26% 17,881,808 1.16% 17,660,818 1.14% 7,586,302 0.49% 6,617,966 0.43% Source: TIFI

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Value (USD) YoY Ratio Value Share -8.17% 2,284,978,330 50.68% -12.33% 895,520,332 19.86% -5.06% 536,633,005 11.90% 13.57% 253,840,686 5.63% -22.93% 90,122,838 2.00% -2.66% 86,056,416 1.91% -8.46% 87,617,322 1.94% -6.69% 79,910,623 1.77% -5.36% 33,130,107 0.73% -9.69% 33,637,802 0.75%

YoY Ratio -7.71% -9.95% -5.71% 12.64% -16.40% -7.99% -6.66% -7.43% -8.31% -6.64%

Fastener World News Taiwan’s Fastener Export to Japan Hikes 24.17% In November 2019, Taiwan’s fastener export to Japan reached more than 7,000 tons, making Japan the 2nd largest fastener export destination to Taiwan. This result was up 24.17% from October 2019 and up 23.07% from the same period of 2018. In terms of average price, it was USD 3.37 per KG, down 0.34% from the same period of 2018. In the past, Japan used to be the 4th or the 5th largest fastener export destination to Taiwan. The significant increase this time was mainly affected by the drop in Taiwan’s fastener export to Germany and the Netherlands.

Taiwan’s Wood Screw Export to USA Grows 80% In the first 10 months of 2019, Taiwan exported 22,532 tons of wood screws to the U.S., which is a significant increase of 82% compared to the same period of 2018. Its average export price was USD 2.81 per KG, down 6.5% from the same period of 2018. Many market analysts attributed such a result to the significant decline in China’s wood screw export to the U.S. According to relevant statistics, in the first 10 months of 2019, China only exported 10,742 tons of wood screws to the U.S., down 46.8% from the same period of 2018 and the average export price was down 8.9% from the same period of 2018, reaching USD 1.36 per KG.

Japanese Fastener Welding Machine Maker Koyo Gigen Expands Plant

Companies Development Japanese MIZUKI Achieves IoT Implementation on Fastener Manufacturing Machines MIZUKI (Ayaseshi City, Kanagawa Prefecture) has successfully implemented IoT on 84 headers and thread rolling machines at the headquarters. Mr. Onodera, Director of the management department, recalled the process of the implementation saying "our machines look the same on the outside, but each of them has a different internal structure. Setting up the machines gave us enough hard time." Installing sensors to each long-operating machine and connecting them to telecommunication devices was a lot of hard work, but eventually the company can digitalize daily operation reports and the production management system to monitor machine status at any time. MIZUKI will analyze the data collected from the machines and come up with the best operation schedule to improve production efficiency.

Koyo Gigen expanded its plant in September 2019 by one fold to 1,500 square meters. The president said the demand for welding machines increased drastically over the past 5 years, so the company invested 700 million yens in moving and expanding its plant. Reaching a monthly capacity of 40 sets, the new plant manufactures large welding machines and automatic welding machines. In terms of the domestic demand, the company said, "The demand for automatic machines, which feed and weld bolts and nuts is growing in Japan. Our welding machines are highly acclaimed for a feature that they produce great and uncharred appearance after welding." "Overseas revenue is down to 15%. The European demand is recovering but slowly, and the American demand is not growing as much as expected. Demand exists in China but is mostly for previous machine models. In the future we are looking to sell our automatic models abroad."

The company mainly produces automotive and electronic screws at a daily capacity of 2 million pieces. Each machine has a different electric route, so any mistake in electrical wiring during the IoT implementation would cause the machines to malfunction. To avoid short circuit, the Director had to carefully think about the positions to drill holes and the vibration of the machines. There was a lot of workload and he could only complete one machine per day. He completed 7 machines in 2018 and added up the number sequentially last year.

It was a rough time for him to cope with production management, digitalize account books and enable access to machine operation data. He even created a program for data access, saying with a smile that he had learned the know-how and could help other companies with IoT implementation. After the implementation, the data upon measuring screw specifications directly goes to the daily operation report. The data is combined by the production management system and the company will know the status of which machine produces which product. Through visualized machine operation status, the company will know which machine has frequent brief stops and come up with a countermeasure in advance. MIZUKI will implement IoT on its machines in overseas bases in the future. It is looking for ways to find out low operating machines and optimize the production line, and wants to adopt artificial intelligence to utilize data. The company is aware that it would be knocked out of the market if it doesn't make a change, so it will continue to increase productivity in the future at every cost.

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Fastener World News WÜRTH Group Continues to Grow According to the preliminary annual financial statement, the Würth Group reported a sales volume of EUR 14.27 billion in 2019 (2018: EUR 13.62 billion). This corresponds to a growth of 4.8 percent. Adjusted for foreign currency effects, growth comes to 4.2 percent.

Portable Torque Testing Device by Wiha Receives German Design Award 2020 No more su r prises af ter calibration – a decisive advantage for professionals who regula rly work wit h Wiha torque screwdrivers and use the Wiha Torque QuickCheck, the German Design Award Winner 2020. The German Design Award is one of the world's most respected design competitions and imposes exacting standards when it comes to selecting its award winners. This year's winner from Wiha outperformed the competition due to its design quality and was selected as the winner in its Excellent P roduct Design - Workshop and Tools category during a jury session lasting two days. T h e p r a c t i c a l , p o r t a b l e To r q u e QuickCheck allows users to perform a quick, easy check on a daily basis to ensure that Wiha torque screwdrivers function precisely. This guarantees safe and controlled work and helps businesses to save time and money by avoiding warranty claims and eliminating the need for reworking. Operation is extremely simple: users inser t their Wiha torque screwdriver into the Torque QuickCheck together with the enclosed adapter blades and check the torque tool at 2.8 Nm. The LED light then clearly indicates the result using traffic light colours. Thanks to its compact, handy shape, the Torque QuickCheck is the ideal companion when out on jobs. It prevents any inaccuracies in screw fastenings before the next calibration, which must be performed after 5,000 operations or after one year at the latest. The Wiha Torque QuickCheck sees itself as a rapid testing device, guide and auxiliary component to ensure greater safety in torque fastenings. It should be noted that Wiha's quick test device cannot replace the need for documented calibration. However, it does mean that the user will no longer doubt that the torque tool is still operating within tolerances on a daily basis.

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Sales developed in an unusually heterogeneous way in 2019. The different development of both the individual regions and individual business units of the Group reflects this. In Germany, sales growth was rather modest, at a rate of 2.1 percent. This is above all due to the struggling automotive industry. The development of business units such as the Würth Elektronik Group or manufacturing and tool trading companies, all serving the customers in this industry, was affected as a result. These units reported declining sales in 2019. Contrary to that, Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG, parent company of the Würth Group and German sales organization of the Würth Line, was able to report growth of 5.8 percent. The Group achieved sales growth of 6.8 % outside of Germany. Satisfactory growth rates were achieved in Southern Europe (15.3 percent; 4.9 percent if adjusted for acquisitions), South America (8.0 percent) and Eastern Europe (6.6 percent). The Electrical Wholesale companies even grew at double-digit rates, in part thanks to the acquisition of Grupo Electro Stocks S.L.U., a leading Spanish electrical wholesaler, in 2019. E-business sales experienced above-average growth and amounted to EUR 2.6 billion in 2019, thus increasing their share in overall Group sales to 18.3 percent.

Earns Spot in Inaugural Class of Fastener Innovation Awards from Worldwide Fastener Sources On the strength of PennEngineering®’s dedication to innovating through ongoing research and design, global fastening technology expert Worldwide Fastener Sources has recognized industry leader PennEngineering® with a Fastener Innovation Award for its excellence in new product development. Worldwide Fastener Sources President Mark McGuire said criteria for the recognition included continuous improvement with innovative solutions for fastening applications. A driving force in the evaluation process was that fasteners be innovative in assemblies today and that they will become tomorrow’s standard. “There are thousands of types of fasteners,” McGuire says. “We want to recognize companies that are innovating fastening throughout numerous applications and industries globally.” Worldwide Fastener Sources bestowed the award for the first time in 2019. Nine companies, including PennEngineering®, received the recognition and earned a spot in the first class of honorees. “We are honored by this recognition from Worldwide Fastener Sources,” says Brian Bentrim, VP, New Product Development and Product Engineering at PennEngineering®. “This award indicates that the industry recognizes the need for ongoing investment in research and development. Through our dedication to innovating fastener technology, PennEngineering is able develop fastening technologies that don’t just meet specific needs but are also strong, light and easy to install.”

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Fastener World News PSM 2019 Year-End Global Conference PSM International held their Year-End Global Conference on January 14-17th, 2020, in Wuxi China. The conference was attended by global PSM leaders from Europe, the USA, Taiwan, and China. While 2019 saw the impact of Brexit, the US-China trade war, and the slowdown of the China automotive market, PSM responded with global scale restructuring initiatives and operational improvements. With the concerted efforts of all PSM employees and partners, PSM gained new strategic programs from the EV, battery, and consumer electronics sectors, and achieved growth in sales and profit in 2019.

Arconic Reports Full Year 2019 Results Full Year 2019 Highlights - Revenue of $14.2 billion, up 1% year over year; organic revenue up 7% year over year - Net income of $470 million, or $1.03 per share, versus net income of $642 million, or $1.30 per share, in the full year 2018 - Net income excluding special items of $971 million, or $2.11 per share, versus $676 million, or $1.36 per share, in the full year 2018 - For the full year, cash provided from operations of $406 million, cash used for financing activities of $1.6 billion, and cash provided from investing activities of $583 million - Adjusted Free Cash Flow for the full year was $815 million, or $870 million excluding separation costs

Tower Fasteners Supports Local State University with Product Donation

Tower Fasteners is pleased to announce their sponsorship of Stony Brook Motorsports, an organization first established in 1987 for Stony Brook University students to take part in realworld engineering design projects sanctioned by SAE International (Society of Automotive Engineers). Still continuing today, each year Stony Brook Motorsports students from a variety of academic backgrounds, standings, and experience work together to design, build and test an off-road vehicle which they will then race in the Baja SAE competition against hundreds of college students from around the world. This exciting project sees to it that team members develop skills in design, manufacturing, electronics and even business, as the students must also manage the administrative and financial aspects of a project of this scale. Tower Fasteners considers it a privilege to support Stony Brook Motorsports by donating our first-rate fastener products for students to use in the building of their vehicles. We wish them much success, and applaud their ambitions to follow their engineering pursuits while working to balance their academic coursework responsibilities.

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Fastener World News TriMas Aerospace Awarded New Fastener Contracts by Airbus TriMas announced that TriMas Aerospace has been awarded multi-year contracts with Airbus of Toulouse, France. TriMas Aerospace’s Monogram Aerospace Fasteners and Allfast Fastening Systems operations were both awarded new supply contracts by Airbus, expanding the company’s engineered fastener sales activity in Europe. TriMas Aerospace designs, engineers and manufactures engineered fasteners, solid rivets, temporary fasteners and standard fasteners for the global commercial and military aerospace industry under the Monogram Aerospace Fasteners, Allfast Fastening Systems and Mac Fasteners brands. “TriMas Aerospace’s engineering, commercial and manufacturing teams have worked diligently with Airbus during the past few years to qualify additional TriMas Aerospace products,” said John Schaefer, President of TriMas Aerospace. “We look forward to launching production and further collaborating on fastener solutions for Airbus. Airbus is an important fastener solutions customer to TriMas Aerospace and we are proud to have secured these additional awards to support our growth.”

Association News

Taiwan CSD Signs MOU with Toyota for Toyota Production System Implementation Corporate Synergy Development Center (Taiwan CSD) signed a memorandum of understanding with Toyota Engineering Corporation (TEC) to collaborate and promote the all-in-one Toyota Production System (TPS), the most impeccable production method in the world integrating flexibility, lean manufacturing, digitalization and creativity. Many critical industries such as hand tools, machine tools, aerospace, bikes, automotive electronics, and fasteners are the targets for Taiwan CSD counselling and could be the targets for TPS implementation in the future. The companies listed as the targets for TPS counselling are Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation, Victor Taichung Machinery Works, Tier 2 bike suppliers and domestic machine companies. TEC is formed by a group of excellent consultants with over 35 years of work experience at Toyota. They have been counselling the American aerospace industry, the Japanese manufacturing industry, and the Chinese electronics and automotive industries since its inception. A large portion of electronics and automobiles are assembled in China. With the continuing U.S./China trade war and the outbreak of COVID-19, some Taiwanese businesspeople in China will have to move production back to Taiwan. Taiwan has a strong component supply chain and it will be listed as a critical target for TPS implementation.

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Fastener World News Acquisitions Shimtech Industries Acquires Fastener Technology Corp. Shimtech Industries is pleased to a n nou nc e t he a cq u isit ion of Fastener Technology Corp. (FTC), a North Hollywood based supplier of high-strength specialty fasteners for commercial and military aerospace applications. FTC was founded by Bulent Gulistan in 1979 and has built a strong reputation as an innovative and reliable supplier serving more than 400 customers. Some customer relationships span multiple decades, including those with Lockheed Martin, Click Bond, Northrop Grumman, Boeing, Raytheon, and Wesco. The existing management team, led by President Dennis Suedkamp, will continue to operate and grow the business, now aided by Shimtech’s additional group resources. Shimtech is owned by Inflexion Private Equity and Auctus Industries. With headquarters in Santa Clarita (CA), its aerospace divisions include four manufacturing facilities in the US, three in Europe and one in Mexico. Their C-Class Components Division specializes in the manufacture of high-volume metallic and composite detailed components which are complementary with FTC’s fastener products. This Division includes such well-respected companies as Lamsco, Attewell, and Bolsan which, together with FTC, will continue providing high-quality, on-time components to the commercial and military aerospace markets.

Elgin Fastener Group (EFG) Acquires Rockford Fastener Elgin Fastener Group (EFG) is pleased to announce it has acquired Rockford Fastener, a manufacturer of specialty fasteners known for offering excellent turnaround times, quality and customer responsiveness. "The combination of Rockford and EFG creates an exciting opportunity for our company, for our customers, and for our shareholders," said Brian Nadel, EFG CEO. “The synergies from this move support our core markets and deepen our reach into key distribution channels.” Rockford Fastener is well-known for delivering quality products across several product categories over their 40-year history. Product diameters range from #4 to ½” and lengths up to 5”. Markets served include agriculture, transportation, commercial construction, and general industrial end-markets. Unique to Rockford is their ability to rapidly quote fasteners and even begin production within a 24hour window for rush jobs. Rockford Fastener joins a group of well-known product brands under EFG including Holbrook Manufacturing, Leland Powell, Northern Wire, Quality Bolt, Chandler Products, Telefast, Ohio Rod Products and Best Metal.

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EQT Greater China II sells PSM International

Fastener World News

The EQT Greater China II fund (“EQT Greater China” or “EQT”) announced that it has signed an agreement to sell its entire stake in PSM International (“PSM” or “the Company”), a multinational leading fastener manufacturer, to Bulten AB (“Bulten”), a full-service provider of fasteners solutions to the international automotive industry. Established in 1931, PSM International is a leading provider of fastening solutions to a diverse customer base in the automotive, notebook, mobile phone and general manufacturing industries. The business has a strong presence in the Asia-Pacific, Europe and US markets. With manufacturing facilities in China, Taiwan and the UK, PSM's products include a complete range of inserts for plastics, as well as multiple fastening solutions for sheet metal. PSM works with customers throughout the product life cycle, from design conception through product launch and general production. EQT invested into PSM in 2007 and during EQT’s holding period, the corporate governance and management have been strengthened with the addition of key management hires and experienced board members. PSM has leveraged EQT’s network and expertise in the industrial sector to support the Company in further developing its manufacturing capabilities, sales channels and supplier networks. Martin Mok, Partner at EQT Partners and Investment Advisor to EQT Greater China, commented: “During EQT Greater China’s ownership, PSM has continued to strengthen its cold-forming capabilities, upgrade production facilities, improve efficiency and expand sales and supplier networks. We are grateful for the insightful contribution of the board members and the management team's relentless pursuit of excellence and business development. We are convinced that PSM will continue its growth path with Bulten as their new partner.” The transaction was signed on 20 December 2019.

PennEngineering® Announces Acquisition of Eurotec Ltd. PennEngineering® a n n o u n c e d t h a t it has acquired Eurotec L t d., a sp e cia lt y t e c h n i c a l r e s el l e r of metal fabrication equipment, fastener installation systems and clinch and sheet metal fasteners. Eurotec is based in Tokyo, Japan. T he acquisition will provide t he Japanese market with permanent access to Pen n Engi neeri ng's PEM® a nd PROF I L® fasteners and installation equipment. "PennEngineering's acquisition of Eurotec reflects our steadfast commitment to strategic expansion in Japan. Eurotec is an innovative company with highly technical fastener expertise, and true system installation capabilities," shared Leonard Kiely, CEO of PennEngineering. "We look forward to partnering with Eurotec and investing in additional resources dedicated to introduce our unique technologies to consumer and automotive electronics, as well as the automotive OEM market," added Kiely. Eu rotec will mai ntai n operations i n Japan and join the existing brands under the PennEngineering corporate umbrella.

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MiddleGround Capital Acquires EDSCO Fasteners MiddleGround Capital (“MiddleGround”), a private equity firm that makes control investments in North American middle market B2B industrial and specialty distribution companies, is pleased to announce that it has completed its acquisition of EDSCO Fasteners (“EDSCO”), a leading manufacturer of mission-critical anchoring systems for power transmission poles and other large steel structures. This is the fifth acquisition in MiddleGround’s inaugural fund and the fourth platform investment MiddleGround has made in the past nine months.

EDSCO’s anchoring systems are predominantly embedded in concrete foundations and custom engineered to allow structures to be securely placed on top of them. Each anchoring system is specifically designed for its location and usage, factoring in soil, weather conditions, temperature, and angle. Predominantly serving utility transmission and distribution (T&D) structure manufacturers, EDSCO’s product offering includes anchor cages, 18J rebar bolts, smooth bar bolts, bolt hardware, plates, and other fabricated products. MiddleGround co-founder Lauren Mulholland commented, “EDSCO has done an excellent job of establishing itself as a market leader by offering best-in-class product and service to its customers and positioning itself for expansion into adjacent end markets. We’re thrilled to be partnering with EDSCO’s management team to continue this legacy and support the company’s next phase of growth.” Unique to EDSCO is its national geographic presence, industry-leading quality protocols, and flexible production capabilities. EDSCO is well-positioned to benefit from continued robust spending on infrastructure projects across T&D, telecommunications, transportation, and wind power. EDSCO President and CEO Richard Butler said, “EDSCO has a long history as a trustworthy supplier to it s customers, reput ation for excellence, and track record of growth. Our team really valued MiddleGround’s highly operational approach and culture of continuous improvement. Their values and experiences align well with our own, and we are excited to have MiddleGround as a partner in helping us to achieve our goals.”

FDH Acquires BTC Electronic Components FDH, a portfolio company of Audax Private Equit y (“Auda x”), a n nou nced t hat it has acquired BTC Electronic Components (“BTC”), a Wake Forest, NC based specialty distributor of high-performance connectors and accessories focused on aerospace, military and industrial end markets. BTC provides a complimentary product offering to FDH’s and further expands the business into the electronic connectors space. Scott Tucker, CEO of FDH, said “Paul and the BTC team have built an outstanding business, on a foundation started and nurtured over 32 years by Bob Barnett, and we are excited for them to join the FDH family. Their strong OEM business provides a strong position in the electrical connectors space.” BTC is FDH’s sixth acquisition, and fourth completed since Audax invested in the company in 2017.

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Editorial

Side Effects of

the Coronavirus Disease Continue to Distress the Whole World by Fastener World

ith the continuous spread and escalating concern over the novel coronavirus disease around the world, the global market currently holds a conservative forecast toward future economic development. Everyone involved is also closely watching whether such a situation will lead to another catastrophe, as quite a few manufacturers (from high-tech or conventional industries) are all facing issues like the lack of materials for manufacturing, extended break of factories, or even worse, a complete plant shutdown. Wuhan is the 4th largest car manufacturing heartlands of China. Due to the impact of the epidemic, several car manufacturers still cannot resume operation, which has led to a big problem to the downstream car assembly industries. Although some factories in other certain areas have resumed operation, they still cannot resume all of its production, as a few of their workers are still unable to go back to factories. A few companies in Taiwan also noted that their order intake was already down 20%30% because of the continuous plant closure of car manufacturers in China. Some companies said that such a situation actually reveals the importance of Industry 4.0 and that the industry should avoid too much reliance upon “labors” and should reinforce the introduction of AI and automation in the long run. In addition, many overseas clients have also canceled or rescheduled their visit to Asia; however, this can be solved with the aid of video conferences and will not influence the scheduled delivery of machines or products. Also, many Taiwanese fastener companies do not source materials or components from China, so their production hasn’t been directly affected yet so far. The sales of some other machine suppliers relying heavily upon the Chinese market has been slightly affected and they have been planning to diversify sales to other markets in order to keep sustainable growth. In addition to the organizers of certain trade shows in Southeast Asia and China having determined to postponed their shows, the other organizers of many trade shows in Europe have also announced their shows will postponed. As for Taiwan International Fastener Show, its organizer has also made a positive response to its exhibitors’ requests and postponed the show to October 14-16 this year, which has not only gained the applause of exhibitors, but also increased the will of overseas visitors to visit the show. Many multinational companies have been significantly influenced by both the U.S.-China trade war and the recent epidemic; as a result, a few of the companies headquartered in Europe and America have started to think about if it is time they adjusted the imbalanced reliance on production in China, and it is also expected to see more Taiwanese companies moving westward to China years ago move back again to Taiwan or to Southeast Asia. Some companies also noted that whether overseas companies will switch their orders or not depends on the recovery of market demands. They further added that the orders for special parts and high-quality parts may show a higher possibility of being switched to Taiwan; however, other orders for large-batches of general small screws are very likely to be switched to countries like Vietnam, as “price” still poses as one of the most important factors for overseas buyers.

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Financial reports of a part of the market leading companies in Taiwan show that orders are better than the records in past few months and are quite stable. These companies also said that other factors like, whether the cost for manufacturing fasteners in Taiwan is still competitive or not, exchange rates, materials, and government’s policies, should be also taken into serious consideration. Many companies responded with positive views to the possibility of order switching. A rubber washer company also said, it did see a significant phenomenon of order switching to it. The coronavirus disease continues to cause impact on the global industry, so industries started to pay more attention to the excessive reliance of their sales upon or sourcing from China, and talk about the possibility of “dualsourcing.” One worldly-known mobile phone manufacturer has implied that its suppliers may be required to have at least two plants and have plants in at least two countries in the near future. Will other manufacturers follow suit? As for Taiwanese fastener suppliers, how can they turn the crisis this time into their own opportunities will be also a very important issue to them, which also shows the importance of market diversification.

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Industry Focus competitive edge of Taiwanese fasteners in Europe has been challenged again and again by its Chinese counterparts, who began to win the trust of European buyers with their fasteners at more competitive prices. With the effect of COVID-19 epidemic, the author forecasts that some overseas orders will be switched to Taiwan, so Taiwanese fastener suppliers should be active in getting those customers previously switching their orders to other countries back, especially those who have recognized the quality of Taiwanese suppliers. It is expected that Taiwan fastener industry will experience the effect of order switching no later than the 1st or 2nd quarter of 2020. Table 1. Taiwan's Top Overseas Sales Destinations in 2018-2019 Region/Country

2018

2019

YoY (%)

China Asia (excl. China, Hong Kong, Japan) USA Hong Kong Europe Japan Central & Southern America Others Total

143,922 712,790 1,775,012 26,580 1,604,044 230,497 61,035 84,499 4,638,379

114,126 633,831 1,751,781 23,931 1,427,522 241,269 45,476 78,238 4,316,174

-20.70% -11.08% -1.31% -9.97% -11.00% 4.67% -25.49% -7.41% -6.95%

Unit: 1,000 USD

Percentage in Taiwan's Total Overseas Sales in 2018 2019 3.10% 2.64% 15.37% 14.69% 38.27% 40.59% 0.57% 0.55% 34.58% 33.07% 4.97% 5.59% 1.32% 1.05% 1.82% 1.81% 100% 100%

Analysis of Sources of Materials China is currently the largest steel producer and iron ore consumer in the world; therefore, its demand affects the profit gains of global iron ore plants. Previously the iron ore price plummeted due to excess supply. In the last two years, the government of China has been controlling excessive capacity. To improve air quality, it asks steel plants to reduce production. Additionally, stricter environmental protection laws have made factories in China opt for high quality iron ore to increase capacity utilization, and therefore, the iron ore prices have went up. It is evident how much China can affect the iron ore market. Is COVID-19 going to impact the supply of wire rods in Taiwan which are the material for fasteners? Taiwan CSC is the largest wire rod supplier to Taiwan fastener industry. The author referenced its description on material purchase in the consolidated financial report for the 3rd quarters of 2018 and 2019. It signed long and short-term material purchase contracts running from 1 to 5 years with primary material suppliers from Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Japan, Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia as well as domestic suppliers in Taiwan. The contracts promised to purchase 11.76 million tons of coal, 25.01 million tons of iron, and 3.73 million tons of lime, with the prices negotiable between both parties. As of Sep./30/2019, the value of unfulfilled contracts totals around US$ 4.5 billion (including 8.98 million tons of coal, 39.2 million tons of iron, and 1.98 million tons of lime). In this report, the top 3 sources of iron ore import for Taiwan CSC are Australia, Brazil, and

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Industry Focus

Canada. For the time being, there should be no problem with iron ore supply. Judging from this, in the short term COVID-19 will not cause a shortage in wire rods used by Taiwan fastener industry.

Occupational Safety and Hygiene Management in Companies and Factories COVID-19 poses the largest impact on the health of personnel working in factories. Occupational safety and hygiene management are proven to be critical in the prevention of viral infection. As soon as I learnt the news on the shutdown of Wuhan City in China, I followed the requirements of ISO45001 and told the business owners that sought my consultation to hold group meetings and begin preventative measures before resuming operation in the lunar new year. Below is my advice: 1. Make it compulsory to wear a mask at work. Companies ought to have enough stock of masks for employees. Punishments and audits must follow along the compulsory mask measures. 2. Body temperature should be taken from each person entering the company. Those exceeding are not allowed into the company and must take an immediate sick leave at home. 3. Before commencing work in the office, employees must report his/her travel history during the holidays and health condition. Those with a potential of flu infection are suggested to keep themselves in check and take a compulsory leave. 4. Companies should exercise extra precautions to manage and monitor employees traveling to China or visiting there for business. 5. If there is an exorbitant number of employees on sick leaves, companies should arrange contingency measures, such as regulations for employees working from home and regulations on filling vacancies. Currently the standards governing the occupational safety and hygiene management are OHSAS 18001:2007 and ISO45001:2018. OHSAS 18001:2007 will expire in 2021, and by then, ISO45001:2018 will be the only international standard for occupational safety and hygiene management. If there is an opportunity, I will explain it in another article.

Change in the Global Fastener Market After COVID-19 Outbreak COVID-19 outbreak will impact Chinaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s position in the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s manufacturing and international corporations may withdraw faster from China. The global supply chain will further implement the strategy of decentralization, through which Taiwanese fastener industry may be able to effectively stop or slow down the export drop observed in 2019. The end day of COVID-19 remains a debate amongst experts and leaves everyone else unsettled without knowing which side to go for. Based on the past experience with SARS, COVID-19 is expected to be controlled in June 2020. By then, factories in China will be back on 100% production and work harder to deliver products that were delayed in the first two quarters. The author predicts a fast recovery of China's manufacturing capacity in the 3rd quarter. This will be a critical timing to determine the future of Taiwan's fastener market development. Taiwan fastener industry can keep its stability if it can take advantage of high quality and service to retain clients who return as a result of the outbreak. Therefore, Taiwanese fastener companies must set the highest standard on quality, lead time and service to cope with the returning orders and earn the trust of clients. Taiwan fastener industry has to grasp opportunities and make continuous improvement for future competition in the ever-changing environment.

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by Naiwen Chang, Fastener World

Founded by President Chin-Te Chen in 1988, De Hui Screw Industry Co., Ltd. started as a fastener OEM before it set up its own packaging plant and switched its business focus to overseas sales in 1991. Next, due to its fast growing business and the insufficient space of its old plant, it then set up a new 11,800 net sq. m plant located at Shanshang Industrial Park, with the current monthly output of around 1,200 tons, which are mainly exported to USA, Japan and Europe.

Fully Integrated Supply Chain, Higher Efficiency and Better Quality For offering better quality, De Hui passed the ISO auditing in Feb. 2009 and was also successfully certified to ISO 9001:2015 (CNS12681) in Jan. 2018. “We’ve got experience in professional screw manufacturing and overseas sales and are fully integrated with our partnered heat & surface treatment plants to enhance manufacturing efficiency. We believe that with only good quality, packages, competitive prices and lead times can we earn customers’ trust,’ said President Chen. He added, “Continuous quality improvement has been always the corporate policy of De Hui.”

A Diverse Range of Products That Could Satisfy All Demands

-Executing strict quality control and reasonable pricing policies-

De Hui Screw Industry-

Quick Delivery, Competitive Prices and Good Service

Company Focus

Self-drilling screws, drywall screws and construction screws are all flagship products of De Hui. Their specifications cover #6~#14 (M3.5~M6.2) in size and 1/2”-10” (9.5mm-250mm) in length. Its maximum capacity per month could reach 1,500 tons, which is quite a lot for satisfying various customers’ demands. USA, Europe and Japan are major markets of De Hui. According to different market demands, De Hui is able to manufacture different types of fasteners for different regions. A majority of items sold overseas are respectively deck screws & drywall screws in USA, selfdrilling screws & roofing screws in Europe, and collated screws in Japan.

Chin-Te Chen, President of De Hui Screw Industry

Having dedicated itself to standard screw manufacturing for years, De Hui has established long term relationship with several customers, who appreciate the stability of its quality. The cautious management of product delivery is also another reason that De Hui could finally win the trust of customers, as punctual delivery can not only relieve customers’ anxiety, but also streamline the in-plant process management. De Hui understands that the “price” is always the key point for winning the game, so it has continuously offered reasonable prices that are satisfying to customers since its establishment and taken very good care of its aftersales service. All of these efforts made De Hui win the trust of its customers and led to a result that is favorable to each other.

Already Having a Self-Owned Packaging Plant, De Hui is to Set Up a Vertically Integrated Production Line In order to keep control of lead times & product quality and offer a more diverse range of packaging options, De Hui set up its packaging plant, passed the ISO 9001 quality management system and introduced the ERP system, which ensure the compliance of quality and avoid man-made errors. In addition to the packaging plant, De Hui also plans to apply for the ISO 14001 certification, set up its own heat treatment plant, purchase more manufacturing equipment, and provide the vertically integrated service to ensure good quality and reduce the risk of subcontracting to other companies. Although the competition in the global fastener market is getting fierce and lots of orders have been switched to Vietnam and India, De Hui still has confidence in surviving the competition. Chen added, “Quick delivery, nice prices and fast aftersales service have been always the business guidelines of De Hui.” As a result, the company will continue to follow the guidelines and offer customers the best products.

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Contact: Mr. Chun Ying Hsieh Email: dehui@dehuiscrew.com

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Company Focus Infinix Precision Corp. provides a diverse range of customized punches and dies as its main service. According to Infinix, customization is not a big challenge but a routine work to all of its employees. As it has capabilities to offer customers punches and dies for manufacturing screws and nuts at a time, customers can purchase all products they need from Infinix without contacting other suppliers, which not only saves time, but also makes it easier for them to control lead time.

Advanced Manufacturing Equipment to Ensure Higher Precision Since its early development stage, Infinix has begun to introduce automated machines from abroad and focus on the development of high-quality customizing service. As a result, since its inception, its products have been successfully adopted by several aerospace fastener manufacturers in Europe and America. Infinix adopted equipment from Japan, featuring automation, high precision and better processing efficiency. With automation and programmable systems, Infinix processes its punches and dies to a consistent high-quality level without worrying about inconsistent quality due to the difference of processors. The higher strength of a machine, the higher precision of products. “Just like we can produce products with a tolerance below 0.01 mm, we can even produce punches with a tolerance below 0.005 mm as we have our self-developed machines,” said Infinix.

Higher Precision and Longer Durability

Customized Punches & Dies by Infinix

by Naiwen Chang, Fastener World

Segmented Dies Made from Carbide Feature Longer Durability Having 4-/5-axis CNC processing machines, EDM, and wire cutting machines, Infinix mainly produces carbide dies for screws and nuts . “Amongst these products, our segmented dies show one of our advantages (i.e., offering longer service life). Other than that, we also produce steel and carbide punches. With our self-developed grinding machine, we can process the heat treated hardened materials directly and have the production completed in one manufacturing procedure, which can significantly lower the cost and make prices more competitive,” said Infinix.

To Improve Work Efficiency and Reinforce Market Expansion in Taiwan “So far we’ve not only introduced ERP into our production lines, but also introduced the system to our management, which is an idea of vertical integration,” said Infinix. Moreover, as the system, which combines ERP with MES, was developed by Infinix, Infinix can get realtime info exchange via Big Data and effectively enhance the work efficiency of employees and manufacturing efficiency of its plant. Although Infinix reported a slight drop in its order intake from Europe and America, due to the influence brought by U.S.-China trade war in 2019, it was still active in soliciting different customers in the Asian market, thus enabling it to keep fair revenue in 2019 and stay away from turmoil in the global market. In 2020, in addition to keeping continuous growth in overseas sales, Infinix also hopes to strengthen its sales in Taiwan (a reputed fastener manufacturing heartland in the world) and make an effort to achieve a remarkable result.

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Contact: Ms. Nini Ni (sales representative) Email: tooling@infinix.com.tw

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Company Focus

Contact: Mr. Fu-Cheng Su E-mail: sunfuecheng@hotmail.com

New Eco-friendly Option for Collated Screws

GUANG ZHE Releases Patented

Assembly Integrating Paper Tapes and Washers Washers by Naiwen Chang, Fastener World

an g

Zh e

en President Fu-Ch

Guang Zhe Enterprise Co., Ltd. has recently released a new paper tape, which is recyclable, safe-to-use, eco-friendly and of a pleasing appearance. This tape can be painted and heated at the temperature of up to 200 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes. The tape, on the other hand, endures and functions well at as low as minus 20 degrees Celsius. More importantly, it is water-proof. The tape can be also painted together with screws and washers, and can be assembled with hex washers and the entire tool peripherals. Guang Zhe has had these products patented in Taiwan and is also applying for other patents in Europe and America.

Paper Tape Made From a Special Material, Which Can Replace Original Plastic Ones “We’ve got 6 patents for the entire assembly, including 2 for paper tapes, 2 for washers, and 2 for the tool peripherals. We also plan to apply for 2 more patents for our mechanical assembly tool, which is still in the process of development,” said President Fu-Cheng Su. “The current wood screw demand in Europe and America is huge, so we are currently developing an assembly of paper tapes and tool peripherals for wood screws. The final test is expected to be completed by late Feb. 2020 and this product is very likely to catch eyes of users considering replacing their plastic tapes with more eco-friendly options. We hope that our effort could lead to a better change in the environment we live.”

Saving Costs and Time Effectively In terms of the application in the global hardware and fastener market, screws and rubber washers are usually assembled one by one. As a result, they fall off when they are picked up or installed, causing waste or safety concerns, work delay, or difficulties in installation. Thus far, Guang Zhe has successfully rolled out the patented assembly integrating hex washers, paper tapes, and tool peripherals, which saves use of materials, time, labor, relevant costs and is safe to use, eco-friendly and of a pleasing appearance. According to the statistics of Guang Zhe’s R&D team, the new patent can save at least 1/2 of the original required labor force, 3/5 of the work time, and 1/8 of materials used. Moreover, the paper tape can be painted together with products and can be recycled and reprocessed without causing environmental pollution. Its installation is safe and convenient, and can be easily used in different weather.

Drawing Inspiration from Daily Life for Continuous Product Development Inspired by Acer Founder Stan Shih, President Su established Guang Zhe in 2011, which is specialized in the packaging & OEM of hardware/fasteners and the assembly service of screws/washers. Adhering to the principles of “innovation, top service and high quality,” the company continues to strive for sustainable operation and growth with the idea of creating innovative products of superior quality. In an interaction with a foreign customer Guang Zhe noticed that environmental protection and aesthetics were particularly focused in the EU, USA and Japanese market, so the company continued to develop products which are of pleasing appearances, eco-friendly and of high performance. “I’ve spent much time and money on trying new materials and design for developing new products. After times of trials, I unwittingly discovered the paper tape, which is now one of our patents. Later, with several times of tests for paper properties, we finally have this product developed,” Su said, “ We continue to draw inspiration from our daily life to create several patented products. In the future, we’ll also continue to develop more eco-friendly products in line with market trends.”

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Company Focus

ABS Metal -

Pioneering in Satisfying Buyers’ Needs by Naiwen Chang, Fastener World

Trading special parts as its main business range, ABS Metal Industry Corp. has always had its own success strategy for fastener trade. Although the entire market development in 2019 appeared a downward trend, ABS Metal continues to keep normal sales due to the fact that special parts are not easy to be replaced. “We try to keep ourselves updated at all times and ensure that the intelligence we get is the latest in the industry. This is our advantage as a trader, as we spend much time on processing info we get and try to make ourselves always updated with latest industrial trends,” said President Arthur Chiang. He added, “The current market is quite different, which means demands, lead times, and functions requirements all change really fast. However, one can still find the most satisfying solutions (e.g. advanced or modern products) from ABS Metal.

Close Connection to the Industry and Know What It Needs ABS Metal keeps itself updated with the latest market trends and info via cross-industry interaction and maintaining close relationship with end-users and manufacturers. “Many overseas plants have become fully automated, so how to make fasteners and components be moderately used in automated assembly equipment has been first and foremost the priority issue,” said President Chiang. He further added, “Zero defect has been a basic requirement among buyers for products. As a result, how to maintain smooth communication and collaboration with manufacturers to meet customers’ demands will be the mission for a trader.”

The Professional Sales Team Playing a Key Role According to ABS Metal, the role of a trader is to make fastener sales simple but h ig h ly sp e cia li ze d. Generally speaking,

the sales division of a company is mainly designated to take the responsibility for order acceptance. However, if to view it at an international level, the sales division should also play a role in gathering intelligence, facilitating integration and handling subsequent customer care, which is to maintain good relationship with the global leading brands on one hand, and keep Taiwanese manufacturers updated with the global production trend on another hand. As a result, ABS Metal will continue to play a key role in connecting manufacturers with customers.

Covering the Most Superior Manufacturers in Taiwan Getting familiar with the usual practice of fastener manufacturers and affiliated suppliers in Taiwan, ABS Metal offers customers a complete range of service (including forming, heat treatment, electroplating, etc.), satisfying customers’ demands for products at a time. In addition, ABS Metal has also established collaboration with other IATF-certified factories in order to trace the manufacturing procedures of products and ensure high quality of products. 9 0 % of t h e c om p a n ie s A BS Me t a l h a s b e e n i n collaboration with are local Taiwanese manufacturers. “The quality and technology of Taiwan both remain highly competitive, “said President Chiang. Although Chinese manufacturers are gradually improving their technology, Taiwan still takes the lead when it comes to staff training and quality. President Chiang added, “Taiwanese manufacturers have to keep this advantage and reinforce quality control to meet the market demand for zero defect.” ABS Metal never stops strengthening its employees’ professional knowledge of fastener markets. In 2020 it will continue to offer more training programs to its employees and provide every customer with the satisfying solutions from ABS.

Contact: Ms. Belinda Chang

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E-mail: abs.metal@msa.hinet.net

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Fasteners of Concrete Anchor – General Requirement by Wei-Ming Wang

1 Introduction Concrete is a material used extensively in structural applications across the world, creating a need to anchor other materials. Anchorage to concrete can be accomplished through a piece of steel, such as a threaded rod, bolt, or proprietary anchor, partially embedded in the base concrete and used to connect additional members. Fasteners of concrete anchor are used to connect structural and non-structural elements to the concrete. Fasteners of concrete anchor are solutions for fastening materials to concrete to solve concrete fastening problems. The connection is made by an assembling of different components such as: anchor bolts (also named fasteners), screw anchor, steel plates, and stiffeners (See Figure 1). Concrete anchor bolts or screw anchors are for permanent and temporary applications usually – including screw anchors which can be used in solid brick and hollow-core slabs. Anchor bolts or screw anchors are fasteners that can attach one object to another in situations where screws, nails, adhesives or other simple fasteners are either impractical or ineffective. In other words, an anchor bolt or screw anchor is a used type of fastener that’s designed to connect one or more objects to a masonry or concrete surface. With masonry or concrete being brittle, you can use anchor bolts or screws for applications to ensure the connected object or objects remain in place. Two common surfaces where anchor bolts or screw anchors are useful are : (1) on extremely hard surfaces such as rock, masonry or concrete (2) on hollow surfaces such as solid brick and hollow-core slabs walls and ceilings...especially where there is no convenient wood stud or beam behind the surface.

Figure 1 , A connection between structural and non-structural elements to the concrete (Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchor_bolt)

by steel column attached to reinforced concrete foundation. A common case of non-structural element attached to a structural one is represented by the connection between a facade system and a reinforced concrete wall. There are many styles of anchor bolts or screw anchors, each one having different strengths and weaknesses literally. An anchor bolt or screw anchor that is strong when installed in a drywall may not be as strong in concrete. Perhaps the biggest problem with anchors is almost all of them "feel" strong when first installed. Over time, though, an anchor that is mismatched to the wall material will eventually loosen up, causing damage to the wall, your hanging and whatever was underneath it! Concrete anchor bolts or screw anchors transfer different types of load: tension forces and shear forces. How much load can an anchor bolt or screw anchor hold? It depends on (1) the type of object being loaded, (2) the type of surface the anchor bolt or screw anchor is installed on, (3) the condition of the surface... and, of course, (4) the type of anchor bolt or screw anchor.

A connection between structural elements can be represented

2 Types of Concrete Anchor Fasteners Fasteners in concrete can generally be divided according to the mechanism of transferring the force into the base material. These are friction, keying or bonding (See Figure 2). The application of loading force on the anchoring system is limited by a maximum force which is determined by a failure mechanism, like e.g. concrete cone break out or steel failure. For the approval process, especially for safety relevant anchors special application conditions become of increasing interest. All anchors can be divided into two basic types. Anchorage of this type can be categorized as either cast in place or post installed. Advantages of cast in place anchors are their predictable and more reliable behavior and failure modes, but require a high level of accuracy in their placement to ensure proper alignment as they cannot be moved after the concrete hardens. Post installed anchors typically use proprietary methods to attach to hardened concrete. This allows for freedom in placement to ensure proper alignment, but can be subject to much more variability in performance and capacity of the anchor.

Figure 2 , Loading force working principles of anchoring systems (Source : page 22, July 2014, Anchor technology and design, Hilti)

2.1 Cast-in-place The simplest – and strongest – form of anchor bolt is cast-in-place, with its embedded end consisting of a standard hexagonal head bolt and washer, 90-bend, or some sort of forged or welded flange. For all the type of the cast-in-place anchors, the load-transfer mechanism is the mechanical interlock, i.e. the embedded part of the anchors in concrete transfers and the applied load (axial or shear) via bearing pressure at the contact zone. At failure conditions, the level of bearing pressure can be higher than 10 times the concrete compressive strength, if a pure tension force is transferred. The uses include anchoring machines to poured concrete floors and buildings to their concrete foundations. Various typically disposable aids, mainly of plastic, are produced to secure and align cast-in-place anchors prior to concrete placement. Moreover, their position must

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Technology also be coordinated with the reinforcement layout. The simplest anchor channels were used in precast concrete connections. The channel can be a hot-rolled or a cold-formed steel shape in which a T-shape screw is placed in order to transfer the load to the base material (See Figure 3). It may be Headed Stud. It consists of a steel plate with headed studs welded on. If the anchor channel is threaded sleeves, it consists of a tube with an internal thread which is anchored back into the concrete. The last is used in concretesteel composite structures as shear connectors. Figure 3 The bolt is used in precast concrete in order to transfer the load to the base material.

2.2 Post-installed Once the concrete has been poured and set, you’ll have to use post-installed anchors. (Once again, the name says it all.) This type of anchor is installed in a hole that is drilled in hardened and cured concrete. Post-installed anchors can be installed in any position of hardened concrete after a drilling operation. A distinction is made according to their principle of operation.

2.2.1 Expansion Anchors Post-installed anchors are proprietary products manufactured by several companies. The force-transfer mechanism of mechanical expansion anchors (MEA) is based on friction mechanical interlock guaranteed by expansion forces. The work of friction shows in Figure 4. When MEAs are inserted in pre-drilled holes, the anchors expand and bear against the concrete surface. They are inexpensive and easy to install, but they have relatively small tensile strength and are not recommended for use in tension zone where concrete is likely to crack. There are many types of MEAs, with wedge anchors being the most common. Other types include sleeve anchors, strike anchors, and undercut anchors. It should be torque controlled or displacement controlled if mechanical expanded anchor is applied for objects to be anchored in masonry or concrete. The torque controlled anchor is inserted into the hole and secured by applying a specified torque to the bolt head or nut with a torque wrench. The displacement controlled expansion anchors usually consist of an expansion sleeve and a conical expansion plug, whereby the sleeve is internally threaded to accept a threaded element. As shown in the Figure 5, tightening the bolt results in kinds of a mechanical expansion design feature being driven up against a sleeve, which expands it and causes it to compress against the material it is being fastened to. The advantages & disadvantages of mechanical expansion anchors is listed in Table 1. MECHANICALLY EXPANDED

sleeve shell feature

MANUALLY EXPANDED

Set with a wrench. Uses the mechanical advantage of screw threads to obtain high expansion pressure

Figure 4 , The force-transfer mechanism of mechanical expansion anchors. Bolt design feature

Set with a hammering action. Uses material displacement and fixed expansion to obtain holding power.

Figure 5 , Kinds of design features of mechanical expansion anchors

Figure 5 , Kinds of Design Features of Mechanical Expansion Anchors MECHANICALLY EXPANDED (torque controlled anchor) Advantages Disadvantages • Can be loaded immediately. • Shell types require hole spotting. • Can be retightened. • Studs and sleeves slip under load. • Setting action can be felt. • Types made entirely of steel should not be used in high • Installation torque can be measured. vibration. • Stud and sleeve types are bolt size/hole size. • Bolt size/hole size are not removable. • Shell types accept threaded rod. • Limited fastening lengths with bolt size/hole size. • Sleeve types work in hollow block when proper length is used. • Some are removable and reusable. • Available in wide range of applications MANUALLY EXPANDED (displacement controlled expansion anchors) Advantages Disadvantages • Designed for shallow holes. • Cannot be retightened. • Shell types accept threaded rod. • Difficult to tell if properly set. • Fast setting action. • Torque cannot be checked. • Should not be used in crumbling or old concrete.

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Technology 2.2.2 Undercut Anchors An undercut anchor is characterised by a strong mechanical interlock provided by the undercut in the concrete base material. A special drilling operation allows to create a contact surface between the anchor head and the hole's wall where bearing stresses are exchanged (See Figure 6). The force-transfer mechanism is based on mechanical interlock. The mechanical interlock is formed by segments, which are made to open into the undercut shape either by turning the nut to draw the tapered cone into the segments or by driving the sleeves over the tapered cone. The undercut may be formed by a special drilling system or by the anchor itself. Undercut may be drilled before anchor installation or Undercut may be made during the setting of the anchor (self-undercut anchors).

Figure 6 , A special drilling operation allows to create bearing stresses undercut shape

Undercut anchors are designed specifically for use in concrete although some may be used in dense stone. Common to all undercut anchors is the principle of establishing a positive mechanical interlock within the concrete. This is achieved by opening segments of the anchor shell over a tapered part of the shank and into an undercut shape formed in the concrete either by a separate drilling technique or by the anchor itself during installation. This interlock ensures that, unlike some types of expansion anchors, the mode of failure is always by a concrete cone generated from the base of the anchor. This means the anchor is as strong as the concrete will allow and that the anchor will work even when set in a crack which opens after the anchor is installed. Undercut anchorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; abilities to work in cracked or non-cracked concrete, together with good dynamic resistance and the variety of attachment configurations and finishes, make them one of the most versatile types of anchors.

2.2.3 Bonded Anchors Bonded anchorage systems generally comprise of a steel anchor rod, either threaded or dowel (rebar), and a bonding material. Bonding materials are loosely defined as either adhesive or grouted depending on hole diameter. Bonded anchors are also referred as adhesive anchors or chemical anchors. The anchoring material is an adhesive (also called mortar) usually consisting of epoxy, polyester, or vinylester resins. The performance of this anchor's types in terms of 'load-bearing capacity', especially under tension loads. Bonded anchors, both adhesive and grouted, are generally installed the same way. A hole is drilled in base concrete using a rotary impact hammer or a diamond bit core drill. The hole is then cleaned with a brush, compressed air, and/or water jet. The bonding material then fills the hole and the anchor rod is inserted to the bottom of the hole. This process varies greatly by manufacturer. Adhesive anchors are generally installed with a caulking type gun or by a glass capsule that mixes the components in the hole, while cementitious anchors are mixed like concrete in the field or come ready to use from the manufacturer. The bonding material is then allowed to cure based a manufacturesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; recommendations, generally between 24 hours and 28 days, and load can then be applied. (See Figure 7)

Figure 7 , Installation of bonded anchorage systems

1. Load is applied to the length of the embedment. 2. Stress is imparted directly into the substrate. 3. Setting depths are limited 4. Threaded rod material has a higher stability. 5. Not ideal for imperfect shaped holes 6. Prone to water ingress leading to corrosion. 7. Not suitable for softer base materials 8. Limited to stock sizes, length & diameter 9. High grades of steel can be specified. 10. Excessive torque destroys the fixing.

1. Load is concentrated at limited points 2. A molecular bond occurs, imparting no stress. 3. Unlimited setting depths can be specified. 4. Metal anchors can contain unseen weak points 5. Chemical injection can fill imperfect drilled holes. 6. Protects the fixing from corrosion. 7. Suitable for all substrates. 8. Large array of sizes available. 9. Limited to stock steel grades 10. Increased torque loads can be applied.

Figure 8 , The comparison of mechanical expansion anchor and bonded anchor. (Source: https://www.allfasteners.com.au/news-articles/what-is-a-chemical-anchor)

The force-transfer mechanism is based on bond stresses provided by binding organic materials. Both ribbed bars and threaded rods can be used and a change of the local bond mechanism can be appreciated experimentally. In ribbed bars the resistance is prevalently due to shear behavior of concrete between the ribs whereas for threaded rods friction prevails. The load-bearing capacity of bonded anchor is strictly related to the cleaning condition of the hole. Experimental results showed that the reduction of the capacity is up to 60%. The same applies also for moisture condition of concrete, for wet concrete the reduction is of 20% using polyester resin. Other issues are represented by high temperature behavior and creep Fastener World no.181/2020

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Technology response. Generally, grouted anchors can include either polymer or cementitious materials while bonded rely on polymer materials. Due to the larger diameter hole, grouted anchor systems can be installed with either headed or non-headed rod. The headed anchor rod changes the possible failure modes and can reach capacity at a lower embedment depth. Chemical anchors —also known as chemical studs—can also be placed towards the edge of concrete substrates and through masonry block. The non-expanding nature of a chemically-held rod drastically reduces the chance of the surrounding concrete cracking. This is very good for securing railings on to shallower slabs, or concrete stairs, and similar applications. Finally, chemical anchoring gives you the opportunity to make slight adjustments to the stud’s alignment while the chemical is curing, whereas a mechanical anchor needs a hole to be drilled millimetre-perfect every time, and if it isn’t, it cannot be used. The comparison of mechanical expansion anchor and bonded anchor is shown in Figure 8.

2.2.4 Screw Anchors Screw Anchors are sometimes referred to as spiral anchors. Screw anchors impart little expansion stress on base concrete material with fast installation and high strength. Concrete screws installed into a pre-drilled cylindrical drill hole. The special thread of the anchor cuts an internal thread into the concrete member while setting (See Figure 9). Concrete screws offer good design resistance and can be aesthetically pleasing. These are also easily removable which can be an advantage for temporary fixings. Most guidelines of screw anchor products currently state the anchors may be used only once; this is because the threads can be worn out with reuse. Some products are now being provided with wear indicator ‘go/no-go’ gauges to identify the suitability of the screw for reuse. Figure 9 , Installation procedure of screw anchors with special thread (Source: SHEH KAI PRECISION CO., LTD. - https://www.shehkai.com)

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Technology Screw anchors care should be taken not to exceed the stated installation depth as trying to set them too deep will generate excessive installation torsion and can damage the screw. The force-transfer mechanism of the screw anchor is based on concentrated pressure exchange between the screw and concrete through the pitches. Because of the wear of cutting threaded teeth during drive installation, it is necessary to improve cutting teeth for better installation and reduced wear. The effective engagement of screw anchor shall be reduced if the wear of cutting threaded teeth during drive installation. Lowering wear and enhancing concrete thread shall be the solution to give more effective engagement. Corrosion shall be an issue for anchors to be applied for corrosion atmosphere. Stainless material shall have been introduced to the design of screw anchors and taken intended use into consideration. High quality customized screw anchor products shall have been developed successfully for high corrosion resistance performance with easily installation. It should be a bimetal material with alloy steel thread cutting tool performance and low wear hardened functional tip while is installing and stainless excellent anticorrosion characteristics itself after being installed (See Figure 10). Concrete screw anchors are gaining greater acceptance in building practice because they are reliable fastening elements with high capacities that can be easily installed. Because postinstalled screw anchors are proprietary systems with unique mechanical and dimensional characteristics, it is necessary to evaluate their structural properties in accordance with a recognized standard. This is not unlike the qualification process currently used for post-installed expansion anchors, undercut anchors, and bonded anchors. Qualification criteria for anchors involve a test program with reference tests to determine baseline anchor performance in ideal conditions; reliability tests to determine performance of anchors in adverse conditions and over long-term use; Service condition tests to determine anchor performance in typical service loading conditions such as shear loading or anchors installed in corners; and identification tests to determine properties of the anchor for compliance with manufacturer’s specifications. The qualification tests required for screw anchors were originally established in Europe and are found in ETAG 001 and later for the U.S. in ICC-ES AC193, ”Acceptance Criteria for Mechanical Anchors in Concrete Elements.” AC193 references ACI 355.2, “Qualification of Post-Installed Mechanical Anchors in Concrete,” to describe the required test program but adds additional tests for concrete screw anchors to address some of the unique considerations for concrete screws such as hydrogen embrittlement testing and verification methods for the installation of screw anchors. Drilling a hole is a common activity and is one that needs to be done correctly and safely for applying anchor concrete or masonry. A hole needs to be drilled in a concrete, brick or block wall to create a pathway for pipe or wiring. A hole needs to be drilled in order to install a concrete fastener or anchor. (This situation will not focus on anchor article itself.) It is important to use a proper drill tool or rotary drill in concrete applications. The use of wrong drilling tools or parameters to base material such as drill bit, speed setting, depth setting, may be critical for hole size and depth, especially for the concrete cracking unexpectedly. The load-bearing capacity of anchor area shall be reduced by unexpected concrete cracking. Drilling the right hole before drive anchor installation is the

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Technology

Figure 10 Customized high corrosion resistance performance screw anchor (Source: SHEH KAI PRECISION CO., LTD. - https://www.shehkai.com)

key to give thread engagement to concrete for screw anchors. The tolerance of drilling hole size and depth should have been more seriously concerned than other anchors types of fasteners such as expansion anchors, bonded anchors. The drill bit size required, drill tools, and drilling working instruction shall be noticed clearly in technical specifications pages of the screw anchor manufacturers or designers properly.

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Company Focus

Celebrating 50th Anniversary MAO CHUAN Offices to be Set up in the U.S. and Europe to Provide More Complete Service by Nai-Wen Chang, Fastener World From simple parts to high precision parts and critical automotive parts, Mao Chuan adopts top standard process and inspection methods to manufacture products. In addition to ISO14001, ISO9001, and IATF16949, it was honored with “Golden Torch Award” and “National Brand Yushan Award”. Moreover, it is the only Taiwanese company accredited to VDA6.1 certification by TÜV SÜD in Germany. That shows its R&D capability and how determined it is to provide high quality products.

and large stamped parts, offering a variety of products including springs, clips, washers, nut caps, deep-drawn parts, customized parts, welded nuts, and electronic contact plates. It can also develop and manufacture dies, and its manufacturing technology dominates the whole Taiwan. For 2020 it plans to set up offices and warehouses in Europe to provide local clients with just-in-time service.

Continuous Quality Improvement Drives Mao Chuan to Become an Automotive Parts Supplier

Continuous Market Growth is a Recognition for Mao Chuan

Mao Chuan mainly manufactures automotive parts. It raises the proportion of automated equipment and spends a great deal purchasing optical sorting machines with the aim to keep its quality level at 0ppm to eliminate any defective products. This provides an opportunity for more American and European automakers to collaborate with Mao Chuan.

On the current international market, General Manager Frank Lai said, “We have been established for 50 years. Despite the ups and downs in the market, we continue to grow every year. We’re seeing 20%-30% of annual growth in our market share in the U.S. and Europe.” Mao Chuan currently has three plants and is planning its fourth plant.

Multiple National Awards Acquired & Extension to Hand Tools R&D Mao Chuan’s R&D team successfully developed a quick jaw adjustable wrench and automotive parts. Both of them were honored with “National Brand Yushan Award”. The wrench developed by Mao Chuan improves the problems with all conventional wrenches available on the market, providing users with one-hand operation, labor and time reduction. This wrench has already been patented in Taiwan, Germany, China and some other places.

Continuous Ground-breaking Equipment Upgrade & All Products Monitored to Guarantee Top Quality Besides automotive parts, Mao Chuan manufactures precision parts for a European client who has the largest share in the world’s smoke detector market. The company is capable of producing precision stamped parts

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Technology & Equipment Enhancement Through the Next 50 Years For talent training, Mao Chuan works with Feng Chia University, Da-Yeh University and Jinan University to let students apply what they learn through university courses. “Our future goal is to strive to train Taiwanese technical talents and reduce talent gap, ” said Frank. In addition to quality, Mao Chuan cares much about the environmental standards for manufacturing process and improvement of employees’ work environment. Mao Chuan’s principle is always to “Go further in Taiwan and look into the international market”. All the production lines are located in Taiwan to make the MIT (Made-in-Taiwan) brand more vibrant in the world.

Contact: Frank Lai

Email: maochuan@maochuan.com.tw

Industry Focus

Value for Money in Fasteners – mass markets vs specials. Who gains – who pays? by Peter Standring

Profit is the only reason for being i n busi ness. T his rat her obvious statement is true for the vast majority of businesses although, around the darker edges there exist financial entities like zombie companies which apparently do not make profit?

Clearly, the difference in manufacturing costs of repair/replacement and/or single sourced items relative to the price paid by the domestic customer is potentially very large. However, in the commercial world this variation depends on where the product is sold and who makes the purchase. It is the difference between the manufacturing cost of fasteners and the purchase price which this article considers.

Being philanthropic is great but before cash can be given away, it must first be earned.

The manufacture of all fasteners has cost structure based on the following items: material, labour, equipment, tooling, transport, currency, tax. These are ‘Direct’ costs which must be paid whether one or a million parts are made. Clearly a million parts would cost less per part than one. Additional costs would be incurred ‘Indirectly’ by including: premises, services, administration etc., which could be itemised or lumped together as ‘overhead’ charges. Groups of manufacturing centres can mitigate ‘Indirect’ costs by sharing locations and back office activities which is often a goal of company acquisition and mergers. The ‘Direct’ costs are fundamental because they hold the key to manufacturing profitability. In a global environment where: material, equipment and transportation costs can be very similar, the major differences between manufacturing centre costs often revolve around labour, currency and tax.

Recently, I needed a large washer to provide a watertight seal between a curved ceramic surface and a threaded pipe/nut. The item was not a standard size and so I searched for a rubber or polymer item I could use. In days gone by, such an item would have been available for purchase from most family owned hardware shops in any small town. Today, such locations have gone the way of the dinosaurs. In what is rapidly becoming a ‘disposable’ society, small items, generally used to hold things together, are only available to the domestic customer for purchase on-line or from a few racks in a retail park superstore. In my own search for a washer, I did find a single thin (~1.0mm) polymer washer (of the wrong size) packaged in a transparent plastic bag, labelled etc., and priced at ~$1.5. The particular rack it was hanging on had perhaps 200 other such bagged items each containing a few screws, nuts, etc., all equally exorbitantly priced relative to the cost of manufacture. Interestingly, I was informed by a member of the superstore staff who was helping in my search, that virtually all the assembled goods in store from furniture to tools, lighting, etc., did not have available replacement parts with which they could be repaired.

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Fastener Manufacture

In the three decades since 1990 and the collapse of the Soviet Union, international OEM’s have opened up plants in Central and Eastern Europe, followed by China and latterly other developing Far Eastern countries. Their goal; always seeking to achieve greater profit margins by utilising low labour costs, taxation and currency exchange. Even within the USA, where currency is not an issue, major new centres of regional automotive manufacture have been established by both US based and transplant companies well south of what has been termed the ‘rust belt’ of the northern states to exploit labour costs and obtain tax benefits. The OEM rush into low labour cost areas has been facilitated by the satellite location of global supply chain companies which directly feed the OEMs with the parts they require. This activity boomed until the Financial Crisis of 1998/9 hit many Far Eastern countries and was repeated globally in 2008. The currency fluctuations caused by those perturbances led to serious disturbances in the smooth running needed for the now well established complex global supply chain based system. Exactly the same problem with currency volatility is experienced by manufacturers and trading houses faced with the on-off imposition of tariffs in overseas markets. Where tight margins are in play, the addition of a small percentage increase in an intensely competitively priced product can, at an instant, completely eliminate profit.

Fastener Markets In essence, the fastener industry produces ‘standard’ products or ‘specials.’ The classification of a product’s usage may be based on, clamps to hold flat, round, wiggly shaped things which may be permanent, temporary or moveable. Some, like nuts, bolts, washers, screws, rivets etc., conform to a standard size and shape. Others, like a pipe clip or anchor device will be functionally similar but probably be better known through a Trade Name. All such ‘standard’ parts as the term states are standard and are available as the basic fastener for all market applications.

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Industry Focus ‘Special’ fasteners which provide the same basic function as the ‘standard’ fasteners are manufactured to serve a particular application. Such parts are distinguished by having attributes guaranteeing: closer tolerance, better properties, intrinsic features, surface coatings, etc.. than an equivalent standard part. Such fasteners would naturally be expected to be used where safety, performance and guaranteed success would be a given. Typically in transport, chemical plant, capital equipment, risk free, low maintenance engineering applications etc.. Also, in electrical/electronic equipment, security situations where tamper proof devices are considered a design requirement.

Who wins – who loses? Figure 1 provides a comparative overview of the general differences which exist between the manufacture and distribution of all commercial fastener types. The field is too broad to present more than a general outline but Figure 1 gives a flavour of the major issues involved.

Figure 1. Comparative overview of specials/standard commercial fastener manufacture and distribution

All Fastener Types Commercial Specials

Standard

Attributes

- design features - material (specified) - defect free (a requirement) - strength (non conditional) - surface treatment (specific) - batch sizes (across the range) - audited (often essential)

Purchasers OEM’ s/Distributors Tier One Tier Two (where required) Tier Three (where required)

- standard design - low cost - price sourced material - not defect free - variable strength - surface treatment (as purchased) - batch sizes (generally large) - audited (rarely)

Purchasers General Engineering Trading Houses/Distributors SME’ s

Retail General Public

The concept of a ‘special fastener’ which met all documented specifications would naturally create the assumption of value and cost. However, from the manufacturer’s point of view, this may not necessarily be the case. Certainly, the manufacture of ‘special’ goods having the attributes as listed in Figure 1 would naturally incur greater cost than the manufacture of similar ‘standard’ fasteners. But, to make a ‘special’ fastener requires a specific customer, who can also seek the same product from all other specialist manufacturers. In the ruthless environment of managing cost, specialist fastener manufacturers could easily lose their shirt if they didn’t ensure their selling price remained competitive. It is no accident that the supply chains which serve the high

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fashion brand designer labels where there is NEVER a hint of discounted prices, contains very few highly profitable suppliers. So, with limited outlets for their specialist products and in a highly competitive market, ‘quality’ based fastener manufacturers cannot expect an easy ride. By the same token, fastener manufacturers who have set their sights on supplying high volume ‘standard’ fasteners, are definitely locked into a cost race to the bottom. Not only do they have a large pool of very active competitors to face off, they also operate in a totally open market which has few, if any supplier/customer loyalties. Moreover, in the global market, where standard parts at standard quality are produced on standard equipment, the cost of labour, currency exchange and import tariffs can add or subtract from the bottom line with the stroke of a Presidential pen! The well known phrase, “being between a rock and a hard place”, implies that being in the middle is perhaps not the place to be? “Squeezing the middleman”, is also a popula r statement, possibly because middlemen add no value but increase the purchase price? For many years, published figures from automotive industry annual accounts have shown the OEM’s have made lower profits than their suppliers but both have been well behind the margins made by the vehicle distributors. In today’s on-line world, most of the so called ‘Tech’ giants, represent facilitators which offer manufacturers opportunities to find a customer. T he fastener ma rket is no di fferent based on supply and demand. Direct sales between manufacturer and customer without a distributor can be ideal in a stable market relationship providing value for both parties. Also, for the smaller producer of fasteners, one-off orders of desperately needed supplies can be highly lucrative although with little prospect of the order being repeated. Like all on-line sites which offer next day deliveries, fastener distributors can supply from existing stock. Their work in progress is the cash outlay they have made for the stock they hold. Their suppliers are the manufacturers who have the facilities which, unless they are producing goods, are costing them money.

Industry Focus As seen in Figure 1, downstream of the distributors are the retailers which consist of superstore, group outlets or independents.

Conclusions To answer the question posed in the title of this article, - mass markets vs specials. Who gains – who pays? as Einstein showed, it is all a matter of Relativity. To be successful as a manufacturer of ‘special’ fasteners requires significant investment in every facet of manufacture and a skills base which cannot be achieved overnight. Customers of ‘special’ fasteners will only deal with manufacturers which satisfy internationally based Quality Standards, operate fully audited process control and can supply on demand. In such a market where single source supply is not an accepted part of a customer’s procurement strategy, this inevitably will encourage competition. For the manufacturer of ‘standard’ fasteners, the choice is simple, make to ord er wher e you ca n or ma ke to stock to keep the facilities operational. In both cases, the profitability for the ma nu fact u rer must be base d on t he reduced costs of manufacture since the market for all ‘standard’ parts is controlled by what the Trading House/Distributor will pay for them. Direct sales between manufacturer a n d cu st om e r a r e cle a rly d e si r a ble particularly if it is long term and offers a stable partnership. Very large scale manufacturers of ‘standard’ fasteners have the option of extending their activities in the market by offering a distribution ser vice for t hei r products. However successful either model is, they can all be caught in a tariff war if they are exporting globally. Hence the encouragement by OEM’s for suppliers to establish satellite operations around their global assembly plants. The tariff problem also hits all Trading House/Distributors which buy locally and ship overseas. So, who gains and who pays? It is no surprise that the on-line platform Amazon is a trillion US dollar company closely followed by Alibaba. Both are basically middlemen Distributors which point directly to where the profit lies. And who pays? Well as always it is the end user of the product be it part of an assembly or, as in my case, with the polythene washer, a single item. On ref lection, I suppose nothing changes although I imagine that 2000 years ago the Distributors who used the Old Silk Road, had to work much harder for the profits they made than perhaps ‘Tech’ companies do today? Fastener World no.181/2020

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Industry Focus Overview of Turkish Fastener Trade

Turkish Fastener Trade and Independent Ratios in 2015-2019

Turkey was a dependent country on fasteners in 2015, but it changed the status to “independent” in 2019. The turning point was in 2018: it increased its export by 29% in comparison with 2017 and it also decreased its import by 27% in the same period. Although its export decreased by 4% in 2019, its import dropped by 16% in 2019 in comparison with 2018.

Unit: 1,000 USD 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Turkish Import 663,758 703,832 753,141 552,978 462,345 Turkish Export 287,406 308,656 365,430 470,141 451,207 Independency Ratio 231% 228% 206% 118% 102%

Two reasons caused these huge changes: 1. Turkey started to invest in the fastener industry. 2. Turkish lira depreciated, so exporting fasteners became economical and importing fasteners became expensive.

In the exported fastener sector, Germany was the main market for Turkish fasteners and France had been ranked in the 2nd place since 2015. Algeria imported 20.250 million USD worth of fasteners from Turkey and surpassed France in 2018, but France returned to the 2nd biggest importer place for Turkish fasteners in 2019.

Analysis of Turkey’s Fastener Trade in

2019

Turkish Fasteners Exported to Germany and France in 2015-2019 (Unit: 1,000 USD) Importers World Germany Buying Share France Buying Share

2015 287,406 102,807 35.8% 12,512 4.4%

2016 308,656 117,081 37.9% 11,474 3.7%

2017 365,430 145,389 39.8% 13,469 3.7%

2018 470,141 181,919 38.7% 16,641 3.5%

2019 451,207 156,732 34.7% 16,302 3.6%

In the imported fastener sector, although Germany was the main supplier in Turkish fastener import, it still faced close competition from many other countries. Note that listed countries sold more than 3 million USD worth of fasteners to Turkey.

by Behrooz Lotfian

China entered the “3 million USD” sellers list.

JAN

FEB A lt houg h t he Tu rk ish ma rket got 1% sma ller i n

The following table shows the situation of fastener suppliers of Turkey in the 1st month of 2019.

JAN 2019 World Germany Japan USA Italy

Unit: 1,000 USD 36,545 6,823 5,341 4,485 3,720

comparison with the previous month, Germany, as the only improver in the month, increased its market share by 0.4% and increased its exported fastener value by 0.9%. The competition happened among the 2nd place to the 5th place. The biggest loser was USA in the month.

Share 100.0% 18.7% 14.6% 12.3% 10.2%

MAR

Turkish market could compensate its fall in the last month and grew 8.3%. Germany continued the growth. Italy was the biggest winner in this month and the U.S. could compensate its dropping number. Japan continued its number decreasing and the big loser was China. MAR 2019 World Germany Italy Japan USA China

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Value Unit: 1,000 USD Share Change 39,171 100.0% 7,600 19.4% 4,479 11.4% 4,290 11.0% 4,183 10.7% 3,357 8.6%

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8.3% 10.4% 25.1% -1.8% 23.6% -3.2%

Unit: 1,000 Market Share Share Value Change USD Change 36,163 100.0% -1.0% 6,887 19.0% 0.9% 0.4% 4,370 12.1% -18.2% -2.5% 3,580 9.9% -3.8% -0.3% 3,468 9.6% New on the list New on the list 3,385 9.4% -24.5% -2.9%

FEB 2019

Market Share Change 0.4% 1.5% -1.1% 1.3% -1.0%

World Germany Japan Italy China USA

APR

Turkish market improved for the 2 nd month and improved by 5.0%. Germany continued the growth for the 3rd month. Japan as the biggest winner in this month stopped its loss and improved its number. Italy and China’s numbers were negative in this month, but Italy was the biggest loser.

APR 2019 World Germany Japan USA Italy China

Unit: 1,000 USD 41,142 8,276 5,449 4,353 4,054 3,048

Share 100.0% 20.1% 13.2% 10.6% 9.9% 7.4%

Value Change 5.0% 8.9% 27.0% 4.1% -9.5% -9.2%

Market Share Change 0.7% 2.3% -0.1% -1.6% -1.2%

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Industry Focus entered the “3 million USD” sellers 2019 list;France each of the 6 countries exported more

MAY

JUN

Turkish market dropped by 20.8% in June in comparison with May. Based on this fall, exported fastener values of all countries decreased. Market shares of Germany and the U.S. decreased, but Japan and China increased. Italy did not change.

JUL

France returned to the list. In this month, the value of Turkish market increased. Based on this change, the numbers of all countries improved. The biggest winner was China, with a more than 40% improvement in value.

AUG

Based on a 22.3% shrinkage in Turkish market in this month, Italy and France were both rejected from the “3 Million USD” sellers list. The values of all countries appeared negative growth. Japan was the big loser in this month.

SEP

OCT

264

than 3 million USD fasteners to Turkey. This month was a turning point for Germany, as not only did it lost its market share, but also its exported value decreased. Japan was the biggest loser of this month and China was the biggest winner in this month.

MAY 2019

Unit: 1,000 USD

World Germany USA Italy Japan China France

41,493 7,856 4,989 4,092 3,876 3,775 3,025

JUN 2019

Unit: 1,000 USD

World Germany USA Japan Italy China

32,850 5,955 3,850 3,678 3,250 3,147

JUL 2019

Unit: 1,000 USD

World Germany USA Japan China Italy France

40,427 7,665 4,612 4,432 4,411 3,889 3,010

AUG 2019

Unit: 1,000 USD

World Germany USA China Japan

31,420 5,898 4,282 3,417 3,348

Value f luctuations of Turkish market were significant in the previous months. The positive growth caused improvement in suppliers’ exported fastener values. Italy returned to the list again.

SEP 2019

The market size of Turkey became bigger for the 2nd month in a row. In this month Japan lost the value, and Italy lost its market share. France returned to the list again.

OCT 2019

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World Germany USA Japan Italy China

World Germany USA Japan Italy China France

Unit: 1,000 USD 38,923 6,910 4,929 4,091 3,724 3,215 Unit: 1,000 USD 40,406 7,352 5,265 4,055 3,749 3,682 3,346

Share 100.0% 18.9% 12.0% 9.9% 9.3% 9.1% 7.3%

Share 100.0% 18.1% 11.7% 11.2% 9.9% 9.6%

Share 100.0% 19.0% 11.4% 11.0% 10.9% 9.6% 7.4%

Share 100.0% 18.8% 13.6% 10.9% 10.7%

Share 100.0% 17.8% 12.7% 10.5% 9.6% 8.3%

Value Change 0.9% -5.1% 14.6% 0.9% -28.9% 23.9% New on the list

Value Change -20.8% -24.2% -22.8% -5.1% -20.6% -16.6%

Value Change 23.07% 28.72% 19.79% 20.50% 40.17% 19.66% New on the list

Value Change -22.3% -23.1% -7.2% -22.5% -24.5%

Value Change 23.9% 17.2% 15.1% 22.2% New on the list -5.9%

Value Change

100.0% 3.81% 18.2% 6.40% 13.0% 6.82% 10.0% -0.88% 9.3% 0.67% 9.1% 14.53% 8.3% New on the list

Market Share Change -1.2% 1.4% 0.0% -3.9% 1.7% New on the list

Market Share Change -0.8% -0.3% 1.9% 0.0% 0.5%

Market Share Change 0.8% -0.3% -0.23% 1.3% -0.3% New on the list

Market Share Change -0.2% 2.2% 0.0% -0.2%

Market Share Change -1.6% 1.5% -0.1% New on the list -2.6%

Market Share Change 0.4% 0.4% 0.5% -0.4% 0.9% New on the list

Industry Focus 2019

NOV

DEC

For the 3 rd consecutive month, the market size of Turkey increased. The U.S. decreased its gap with Germany. The U.S. was the biggest winner in this month with a 15.9% growth in value. Italy was the big loser.

NOV 2019

Unit: 1,000 USD

World Germany USA Japan Italy China

41,496 7,251 6,100 4,288 3,651 3,601

For the 4th consecutive month the market size of Turkey became bigger. This month was a turning point for the U.S., as its number turned negative after 3 months of growth.

DEC 2019

Unit: 1,000 USD

World Germany USA Japan Italy China

42,310 7,448 5,515 4,962 3,919 3,709

Value Change

100.0% 17.5% 14.7% 10.3% 8.8% 8.7%

Share 100.0% 17.6% 13.0% 11.7% 9.3% 8.8%

Market Share Change

2.7% -1.4% 15.9% 5.7% -2.6% -2.2%

Value Change

-0.7% 1.7% 0.3% -0.5% -0.4%

Market Share Change

2.0% 2.7% -9.6% 15.7% 7.3% 3.0%

0.1% -1.7% 2.9% 1.1% 0.1%

Summary The following table shows the main 3 suppliers of fasteners in Turkish market. Exporters (Unit: 1,000 USD) World Germany USA Japan

2019 462,345 85,922 55,949 52,179

18.6% 12.1% 11.3%

For 12 months in the list of above 3 million USD fasteners sold in Turkish market: Germany was the leader of Turkish market. The U.S. was in the 2nd place for 8 months in a row after April, 2 times in the 3rd place, 1 time in the 4th place and 1 time in the 5th place. Japan was in the 2nd place for 3 times, 7 times in the 3rd place, 2 times in the 4th place. Italy was in the 2nd place for 1 time, 2 times in the 3rd place, 8 times in the 4th place and 1 time rejected from the list. China ranked 1 time in the 3rd, 1 time in the 4th place and 9 times in the 5th place and 1 time was not present. France was 2 times in the 6th place.

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Special Feature

2004 JAN. - JUN.

Chronicle

of Taiwan Fastener Industry Jan. - Feb.

Leading Brands • Hifast presented a new screw sor ting machine.

Associations • TFTA gave the spring gala and speeches.

Associations • TFTA gave a forest hiking. Former TFTA Chairman William Liao and MIRDC lecturers

Mar. - Apr.

Associations • S.T. Holiday Golf Club of Taiwan Fastener Association gave a routine golf outing.

TFTA members sang karaoke during the forest hiking event

May - Jun.

New Plants & Celebrations • Chun Zu Machinery celebrated the 30 th anniversary. • Shanghai Chun Zu celebrated the 5 th anniversary.

Shanghai Chun Zu celebrates the 5th anniversary

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Special Feature

Chronicle of Taiwan Fastener Industry Jan. - Feb.

• Master United Corp. celebrated the 25th anniversary.

Master United held spring gala in its 25th anniversary

• On Feb. 13th TFTA gave the spring gala and speeches.

TFTA spring gala

• Gwolian Machinery released a new wire descaling machine. • Chin Hsing Precision Industry received the ISO 9001 certification. • Hifast presented a new screw sorting machine.

Hifast presented a new sorting machine

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Special Feature

Chronicle Mar. - Apr.

• On Mar. 7th S.T. Holiday Golf Club of Taiwan Fastener Association gave a routine golf outing.

May - Jun.

• Chan Liang Enterprise received the ISO 9001 certification. • B.N.W Tuesday Golf Team gave the President Cup outing and President handover.

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Special Feature

of Taiwan Fastener Industry May - Jun.

• On May 29th TFTA gave a forest hiking. TFTA members went hiking at Sun-Link-Sea

TFTA members went on a trip to Jiji Train Station

• On Jun. 1st Chun Zu Machinery celebrated the 30th anniversary. • On Jun. 3rd Shanghai Chun Zu celebrated the 5th anniversary.

The management of Shanghai Chun Zu

Shanghai Chun Zu celebrated the 5th anniversary

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Technology by Jozef Dominik

Stainless Steel Fasteners at Reduced Temperatures Briefly about stainless steels Stainless steel’s resistance to corrosion is achieved by dissolving sufficient chromium in the iron to produce a chromium oxide protective film on the surface. To achieve the effect of stainless steel, it needs to contain at least 12% chromium (Fig. 1). The addition of other elements such as Ni, Mo, Si, etc., will not only increase the corrosion resistance, but also other parameters such as: •

Mechanical properties (N)

•

Machinability (S, Se, P, Pb, Cu)

•

Resistance to corrosion cracking (content reduction of P, As an Sb)

While conventional structural steel corrodes under certain conditions, stainless steel resists corrosion under the same conditions very well (Fig. 2). This is also the main reason for its application in construction practice.

Mass loss in g/cm2

However, as we will see below, it is not just the corrosion resistance that is important for stainless steels. Uncritical adoration of stainless steels as a universal anticorrosive measure does not pay. Regarding how this could have catastrophic consequences, read my article “Latent Corrosion of Screw Connections”. Stainless steels are particularly vulnerable in chlorine-containing environments (Fig. 3). The result is a fatal cross-sectional reduction.

Influence of Cr on corrosion resistance of steel

Cl-

water drop

Mass share of Cr in % Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Mechanical and Thermal Properties Stainless steels for fasteners are standardized in EN ISO 35069: Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless steel fasteners — Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs (Table 1). Table.1 Mechanical properties of stainless steels at ambient temperature Property

Austenitic steels

Ferritic steels

Duplex aust./ferrit.

Martensitic steels

Rp0,2 [MPa]

200 - 280

200 - 320

400 - 530

450 - 600

Rm [Mpa]

500 - 800

380 - 650

630 - 930

650 - 1000

A5 [%]

30 - 45

18 - 25

20 - 30

10 - 15

Rp0,2 - Tensile strength, Yield (Mpa), Rm - Tensile strength, ultimate (Mpa), A5 - Elongation at Break in (%)

Remarkable are the properties of the most widespread type of stainless steel - austenitic steel type. Table 2 confirms this. Table. 2 Comparative Properties of the Stainless Steel Alloys (In: Atlas Steels)

270

Alloy group

Magnetic Response

Corrosion Resistance

Hardenable

Ductility

Austenitic

High

Very High

Ferritic

Yes

Medium

High

Low

Martensitic

Yes

Medium

Yes

Low

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High Temperature Low Temperature Resistance Resistance Very High

Technology Except that these steels have high toughness that well withstands increased and reduced temperatures. Practice example. Figure 4 shows the outdoor stairs on a railway carriage. A seemingly simple construction case can cause a big problem. It should be noted that railway wagons move in different climatic zones. From -40°C on the Trans-Siberian Highway to +40°C in the Indian Pacific in Australia for example. Not every steel is able to withstand such huge temperature fluctuations. Screw joints suffer the most. Mechanically coldhardened austenitic stainless steels meet these conditions well. The difference between the rolled, it means mechanically cold-hardened (Fig 5a) and turned (Fig. 5b) threads of the A2 steel bolt is notable. In addition, stainless steels, particularly of the austenitic type have a high corrosion resistance. For comparison, see Fig. 6. As shown in the following Table No. 3 the coefficient of thermal expansion of the austenitic stainless steels is higher than most other grades of steel. It is an important parameter in contact of carbon steels and austenitic stainless steels. The designer must take this into account. The combination of two metals with different thermal expansion is not a good solution. Table. 3 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (x 10-6/℃) Carbon Steels

Austenitic Steels

Ferritic Steels

Martensitic Steels

Summary

Fig. 4 Steel, Zn

Stainless Martensitic

Stainless A2

Fig. 5a – rolled thread

Fig. 5b – turned thread drilling performance

corrosion resistance

price

Fig. 6

Stainless steel screws are a good design choice in certain cases. However, its properties and the conditions under which it will work in practice must be understood and fully respected. The article points out not only the corrosion properties of stainless steels, but also their mechanical and physical properties. Of particular importance is their ability to withstand low temperatures. This unique feature is characterized mainly by austenitic stainless steels.

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Company Focus

by Gang Hao Chang, Vice Editor-in-Chief of Fastener World

The Strategy of Pro Power to Survive Fierce Competition

“Always Get Ready for Future Challenges & Impose No Restrictions on Itself”

“

Since its establishment, the specialized supplier of a variety of standard fasteners, Pro Power Co., Ltd., which is also considered “the dark horse” in the industry, has continuously demonstrated its amazing growth potential and marvelous overseas sales increase to the industry. Compared to its competitors, Pro Power is always capable of manufacturing fasteners of the same specifications, with “ a more complete range of service, more efficient delivery, and more competitive prices.” Not only the quality of its products has left its Taiwanese competitors far behind, but also its prices can still compete with those of similarities manufactured in China or Vietnam, which recently has become the subject of a talk in Taiwan fastener industry.

”

“Making Every Effort to be Stronger Than Competitors” is the Only Way for a Business to Survive Lots of fastener companies only think of their way out when problems knock on doors, which is a definite no-no for Pro Power. “There are only two ways for a business to survive: one is to be stronger than your competitors, and the other is that your competitors are weaker than you. However, a business cannot win by good luck at all times, so Pro Power always gets itself well-prepared for any upcoming challenges in order to differentiate itself from competitors at crucial moments,” said General Manager Jaly Chen.” He added, “Take relocation of many small screws plants to other countries as example, in the early time small screw manufacturing was an industry with high profit margin and not too much competition. Nowadays, a swarm of competitors came into the industry, making the profit margin for each company not as high as usual and many companies shrink back. However, this is not a case for Pro Power at all, as before such a drastic change it has begun to introduce advanced equipment from abroad for mass production and fulfil cost management in order to gain small profit but rapid turnover, turning those issues which were challenges to others into its own opportunities.

Capacity, Equipment, and Technology are All in Place to Accept Customers’ Orders Pro Power currently has two operations equipped with nearly a hundred sets of state-of-the-art fastener forming machines from Italy, Korea, and Taiwan, which can be used to manufacture fasteners for all applications (main specifications: sizes below 10mm and lengths below 150mm). Its monthly capacity can be up to 3,000 tons and is expected to increase to 4,500 tons when more new machines are installed by the year end of 2020. “With the technology and equipment we currently have, we can definitely produce any fasteners required by customers. We also have enough capacity that can be utilized to process more customers’ regular or urgent orders, helping them reduce their inventory cost. For a few urgent orders placed by our long-term customers, we can even promise them with the delivery within 1-2 weeks. In addition to keeping our stable and sustainable sales growth, we may also consider expanding our product portfolio to cover those required to be IATF16949 or AS9100 certified in the future,” said President Chris Chen. According to President Chen, Pro Power is going to finish the preceding procedures of its 3 new plants by the end of this year and is also expected to be put into operation and launch production in the very near future.

The Internationally Certified Plants to be Operating with SAP ERP Pro Power has been not only certified to ISO 9001:2015 and CE (the requirement for entering the European market), but also has recently received the certification of ETA, which requires applicants to pass stringent auditing. Pro Power has also submitted its application for the ICC-ES certification, which is scheduled to go into the auditing step this year. It will not exclude the possibility of applying for the IATF16949, either. All of these fully demonstrate its quality requirement on every product detail while seeking mass production. Moreover, in order to offer better customer experience, it is also currently working on introducing the SAP ERP to streamline its order processing. “Although investing in this system can no doubt increase the workload for our team at the initial stage, it will definitely result in significant benefits to the company when it is officially online,” said President Chen.

Taking the Lead with Eco-friendly Plants Different from conventional fastener threading plants, the plants of Pro Power do not get covered in soot. “We are very concerned about environmental protection as European or American companies are. When many of our Taiwanese counterparts are still using the low-cost and high soot-generating oil to manufacture screws, we have begun to use Italian synthetic threading oil, which effectively reduces soot generation by 50-60%. Meanwhile, we also hired the specialized soot-emission equipment supplier to design the soot-collecting device for our threading machines, which is not only for keeping good health of our employees, but also for being compliant with stricter EP regulations in the future,” said G.M. Jaly Chen. President Chen also noted, “We keep going toward the right direction and our team have been well-prepared right now to meet customers’ expectations.”

www.propowerfastener.com chris@propowerfastener.com

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Fastener World no.181/2020

jaly@propowerfastener.com

Fastener Trade & Fluctuations of

USA / Canada / Japan / Taiwan (2017-2019)

Industry Focus

USA

(in USD), in descending order according to figures of 2019 Source: U.S. ITA of Department of Commerce

Export

HS 7318 Iron and steel screws, bolts, nuts, washers, etc. Ranking

Partner

2017

2018

2019

---

World

4,329,140,671

4,358,314,143

4,396,938,196

Mexico

1,410,029,620

1,499,775,317

1,528,570,326

Canada

1,057,661,655

1,125,162,979

1,142,383,822

China

214,719,440

204,323,506

183,175,516

164,210,517

168,539,188

160,267,016

Germany

121,686,036

116,185,064

123,712,184

Brazil

294,799,579

92,608,574

109,464,772

Singapore

87,091,529

96,602,595

104,546,228

Japan

76,463,304

91,396,389

98,481,641

France

107,733,881

103,670,956

89,890,788

S. Korea

83,007,065

89,653,958

88,427,189

Import

HS 7318 Iron and steel screws, bolts, nuts, washers, etc. Ranking

Partner

2017

2018

2019

---

World

4,886,194,152

5,724,811,918

5,554,032,571

Taiwan

1,590,979,048

1,831,206,913

1,905,518,026

China

1,139,725,329

1,519,079,208

1,125,413,103

Japan

623,493,951

620,626,011

625,219,314

Germany

286,932,927

331,190,918

368,399,325

Canada

271,932,825

308,405,160

310,680,872

S. Korea

180,480,540

188,854,722

188,386,854

Italy

133,831,387

154,879,276

145,719,701

India

91,669,940

115,358,817

144,962,361

Mexico

108,299,187

120,192,505

130,891,966

62,998,911

80,699,129

87,235,665

Fastener World no.181/2020

277

Industry Focus

Canada

(in USD), in descending order according to figures of 2019 Source: Canada.ca

Export

HS 7318 Screws, bolts, nuts, screw hooks, rivets, washers, cotter pins and like articles of iron or steel Ranking

Partner

2017

2018

2019

---

World

439,839,978

482,874,901

505,093,390

USA

346,833,796

391,223,560

408,379,315

Mexico

12,639,723

17,773,123

22,137,173

10,427,083

8,367,474

9,876,238

China

8,236,411

8,055,115

6,041,766

Germany

7,022,149

6,994,069

5,914,700

France

4,622,182

4,773,422

5,802,519

Singapore

3,553,705

3,637,470

3,551,490

Poland

3,073,113

2,258,899

3,389,324

Brazil

2,164,878

1,972,476

3,317,441

South Africa

854,724

554,520

2,642,477

Import

HS 7318 Screws, bolts, nuts, screw hooks, rivets, washers, cotter pins and like articles of iron or steel

278

Ranking

Partner

2017

2018

2019

---

World

1,507,587,916

1,643,449,509

1,658,574,299

USA

776,451,548

806,637,915

839,205,003

Taiwan

208,314,511

248,265,336

235,398,691

China

168,384,572

216,092,146

212,805,851

Japan

75,270,486

66,634,869

73,739,061

Germany

40,034,988

40,885,116

41,490,303

Italy

25,427,400

31,115,913

32,381,769

S. Korea

36,288,473

32,343,265

28,070,529

22,393,457

25,535,080

24,706,685

Vietnam

21,365,537

28,804,118

24,642,746

France

24,482,180

22,002,726

17,886,315

Fastener World no.181/2020

279

Industry Focus

Japan

in descending order according to volumes of 2019 Source: Ministry of Finance, Japan

Export

Japan P.C. Code 61509 Nails, bolts, nuts, etc. Ranking

Country

---

Metric Tons

1,000 Yens

2017

2018

2019

2017

2018

2019

World

364,810

376,145

338,618

325,327,817

333,255,619

305,158,260

USA

82,919

83,915

80,805

75,124,819

74,276,199

73,502,745

China

85,108

89,764

78,915

76,314,122

78,634,130

71,464,113

Thailand

48,124

52,768

45,554

41,266,703

44,383,274

39,876,989

Indonesia

27,635

30,455

25,738

23,212,161

25,334,111

21,023,412

Mexico

16,668

15,536

14,336

14,316,105

13,144,879

12,523,841

India

11,207

13,273

9,943

9,700,141

11,765,238

9,327,437

12,774

11,632

9,100

8,451,414

8,008,615

6,528,126

Brazil

9,421

9,851

8,588

7,809,776

7,427,164

6,173,937

Malaysia

5,292

5,760

5,672

4,759,080

5,130,880

5,183,760

Philippines

3,584

3,495

3,526

5,450,619

5,173,337

5,067,891

Import

Japan P.C. Code 61703 Nails, bolts, nuts, etc.

280

Ranking

Country

---

Metric Tons

1,000 Yens

2017

2018

2019

2017

2018

2019

World

332,000

333,108

348,655

111,912,604

120,589,782

120,105,818

China

222,714

216,254

221,262

45,678,630

48,469,169

46,585,545

Taiwan

70,192

72,278

74,664

26,853,677

28,407,337

28,758,950

USA

1,462

1,333

1,328

15,721,549

17,586,698

18,213,277

S. Korea

14,664

14,775

25,336

5,401,577

5,789,484

7,860,062

Thailand

4,577

5,889

5,457

2,825,853

3,627,621

3,459,058

Vietnam

8,498

11,731

11,163

2,807,778

3,387,791

3,442,964

Germany

1,328

1,332

1,349

2,873,832

3,024,923

2,781,108

Malaysia

4,121

4,604

3,657

1,707,076

1,973,062

1,671,085

274

241

217

1,743,180

1,505,610

1,084,277

Switzerland

195

200

214

864,029

967,886

943,519

Fastener World no.181/2020

Industry Focus

Taiwan

in descending order according to figures of 2019 Source: Bureau of Foreign Trade (Taiwan)

Export

HS 7318 Screws, bolts, nuts, coach screws, screw hooks, rivets, cotters, cotter-pins, washers (including spring washers) and similar articles, of iron or steel USD

Ranking

Country

---

World

USA

Germany

395,674,280

453,134,133

Japan

207,154,326

Netherlands

Ranking

Country

4,090,303,303 4,638,685,129 4,316,397,776

---

World

1,520,588,676 1,775,046,209 1,751,807,138

USA

568,630,930

629,276,927

621,962,533

392,114,386

Germany

151,298,091

155,300,468

132,505,809

230,517,250

241,273,791

Netherlands

90,231,918

92,492,281

80,348,283

236,602,427

261,652,295

227,785,981

Japan

67,152,286

69,039,707

72,771,839

178,429,280

178,355,595

171,259,001

63,138,061

59,378,375

55,620,928

Canada

127,056,777

163,070,593

145,030,822

Canada

48,538,962

60,651,391

51,295,923

China

144,928,449

143,940,786

114,178,220

Italy

38,696,622

41,551,408

32,429,910

Mexico

81,487,905

94,925,177

97,384,603

Poland

32,156,457

34,104,044

31,645,985

Sweden

93,939,087

98,766,182

94,555,904

Mexico

28,173,152

31,139,623

31,167,935

Italy

95,526,516

105,402,379

82,025,112

Sweden

32,215,615

29,841,067

28,912,202

2017

2018

2019

2017

2018

2019

1,498,070,256 1,595,705,450 1,479,292,283

Import

HS 7318 Screws, bolts, nuts, coach screws, screw hooks, rivets, cotters, cotter-pins, washers (including spring washers) and similar articles, of iron or steel Ranking

Country

---

USD

Ranking

Country

2017

2018

2019

World

131,242,345

152,356,212

160,617,164

---

Japan

57,105,686

65,320,339

66,116,099

USA

21,314,537

22,444,713

Germany

9,579,070

China

KG 2017

2018

2019

World

16,137,840

16,228,660

18,369,973

Japan

5,719,187

5,534,740

6,247,729

27,434,438

China

3,312,827

3,034,870

3,667,825

10,207,160

11,891,332

Vietnam

2,301,723

2,492,054

3,170,962

8,261,780

9,393,007

10,276,109

Philippines

514,488

1,176,520

1,167,517

Vietnam

2,999,963

4,013,572

4,580,616

Germany

401,579

377,593

399,696

S. Korea

5,429,017

4,692,658

4,113,358

USA

308,017

302,901

352,331

Philippines

1,774,203

3,745,094

3,505,319

S. Korea

344,744

300,417

332,905

Netherlands

1,369,631

3,004,484

3,392,113

Thailand

413,815

354,386

321,697

Sweden

1,650,043

3,047,454

2,860,252

Turkey

61,393

182,373

312,557

Turkey

388,447

1,891,990

2,595,774

Netherlands

90,452

154,768

238,787

Fastener World no.181/2020

281

Industry Focus

2019 Fastening Tools Trade Statistics-

The EU

by Sharareh Shahidi Hamedani

Graph 1. The Trends of EU (27) Fastening Tools Business from Q1 2018 to Q3 2019

EU Fastening Tools Business

(Unit: 1,000 USD)

Introduction

3,100,000

EU (27 countries) exported about 8.73 billion USD worth of fastening tools to the world in 2018; however, the number decreased in 2019.

2,900,000 2,700,000

The following graph shows that in 2018 the trend of exported fastening tools was negative in the 2nd and 3rd quarters. In the 4th quarter it increased slowly. This pattern repeated in the imported fastening tools in 2018. It also repeated in the exported and imported fastening tools in 2019, so it is predictable that the numbers in the 4th quarter of 2019 may increase a little bit.

2,500,000 2,300,000 2,100,000 1,900,000 2018-Q1

2018-Q2

2018-Q3

2018-Q4

EU (27) Export

2019-Q1

2019-Q2

EU (27) Import

Table 1. Fastening Tools Trade Statistics of the EU (27) from Q1 2018 to Q3 2019 2018

The EU

2019-Q3

(Value unit: 1,000 USD) 2019

Total

Export

2,268,098

2,209,391

2,102,964

2,150,243

8,730,696

2,158,064

2,102,600

1,949,542

6,210,206

Import

2,874,380

2,708,777

2,479,957

2,532,143

10,595,257

2,610,654

2,545,478

2,226,645

7,382,777

Germany was the main importer in this region. Its average import share in the EU region was 27.2%. Its imported fastening tools was averagely valued at 591.7 million USD in each quarter of 2018, and the value of its import was 564.4 million USD in each quarter of 2019, which decreased by 4%. Table 2. German Fastening Tools Imports and Exports from Q1 2018 to Q3 2019 Germany

Imports

2019

Total

Value

604,708

596,703

580,296

581,283

2,362,990

584,691

578,120

530,337

2,362,990

Ton

19,200

19,120

20,532

19,826

78,678

21,524

21,251

19,506

78,678

USD/Kg Value Exports

(Value unit: 1,000 USD)

2018

Ton USD/Kg

1,185,145

1,134,531

1,105,828

1,132,955

4,558,459

1,121,878

1,061,346

941,069

4,558,459

21,367

19,923

22,121

23,327

86,738

22,050

19,491

17,551

59,092

Germany was also the main exporter in this region. Its average export share in the EU region was 42.3%. Its exported fastening tools was averagely valued at 1.14 billion USD in each quarter of 2018. However, it decreased by 9% in each quarter of 2019 and the value was 1.04 billion USD quarterly. In the statistics, the quantity of tools was calculated by metric ton; however, it doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t give us detailed information about the prices of tools. Based on their main material â&#x20AC;&#x201C; steel, the numbers can answer our question about how much is the steel of the value-added tools in each Kilogram. Germany imported the steel tools at about 30USD/kg and exported them at about 53USD/kg.

282

Fastener World no.181/2020

Industry Focus Netherlands was the 2nd biggest importer of fastening tools and the 3rd biggest exporter of fastening tools in the EU region. Table 3. Netherlands Fastening Tools Imports and Exports from Q1 2018 to Q3 2019 Netherlands

Value Imports

Ton Value Ton

2019

Total

178,085

181,156

173,612

189,715

722,568

173,761

177,197

171,255

522,213

4,149

4,290

4,782

5,777

18,998

4,126

4,820

4,698

13,644

264,394

225,255

193,954

196,272

879,875

208,878

202,315

190,697

601,890

3,558

2,949

3,812

3,155

13,474

3,324

3,381

3,734

10,439

USD/Kg Exports

(Value unit: 1,000 USD)

2018

USD/Kg

•

Its import value was 722.6 million USD in 2018, and in the first 3 quarters of 2019 it was about 522.2 million USD.

•

Its exported value was 879.9 million USD in 2018, and in the first 3 quarter of 2019 it was about 601.9 million USD.

•

Its import share was 8.8%; on the other hand, its export share was 8.6% of the EU region.

•

Its price of the imported steel tools was 38 USD/Kg. However, its price of the exported steel tools was about 63 USD/Kg.

•

Its import decreased by 2% and its export dropped by 13% averagely from 2018 through 2019.

France was the 3rd biggest importer of fastening tools and the 4th biggest exporter of fastening tools in the EU region. Table 4. French Fastening Tools Imports and Exports from Q1 2018 to Q3 2019 France

Value Imports

Ton Value Ton

2019

Total

188,758

177,794

167,179

171,938

705,669

185,042

171,883

165,444

522,369

8,997

8,363

8,125

6,432

31,917

8,494

6,693

7,324

22,511

160,230

130,447

122,931

138,756

552,364

132,167

135,132

107,504

374,803

2,787

2,630

2,349

2,971

10,737

3,070

2,814

2,342

8,226

USD/Kg Exports

(Value unit: 1,000 USD)

2018

USD/Kg

•

Its import value was 705.7 million USD in 2018, and in the first 3 quarters of 2019 it was about 522.4 million USD.

•

Its exported value was 552.4 million USD in 2018, and in the first 3 quarters of 2019 it was about 374.8 million USD.

•

Its import share was 8.5%; on the other hand, its export share was 4.8% of the EU region.

•

The price of its imported steel tools was 23 USD/Kg, however, the price of its exported steel tools was about 49 USD/Kg.

•

Its import decreased by 2% and its export dropped by 10.4% averagely from 2018 through 2019.

Italy was the 4th biggest importer of fastening tools and the 2nd biggest exporter of fastening tools in the EU region. Table 5. Italian Fastening Tools Imports and Exports from Q1 2018 to Q3 2019 Italy

Total

149,534

135,460

149,284

595,948

148,055

150,290

141,545

439,890

3,117

3,185

3,631

4,038

13,971

3,574

3,774

5,253

12,601

Value

311,738

283,431

248,816

261,207

1,105,192

259,564

267,963

236,325

763,852

Ton

12,496

10,170

9,245

9,698

41,609

9,758

10,547

9,525

29,830

Ton USD/Kg

Exports

2019

161,670

Value Imports

(Value unit: 1,000 USD)

2018

USD/Kg

•

Its import value was 596.0 million USD in 2018, and in the first 3 quarters of 2019 it was about 439.9 million USD.

•

Its exported value was 1.1 billion USD in 2018, and in the first 3 quarters of 2019 it was about 763.9 million USD.

•

Its import share was 8.5%; on the other hand, its export share was 10.6% of the EU region.

•

The price of its imported steel tools was 40 USD/Kg, however, the price of its exported steel tools was about 49 USD/Kg.

•

Its import decreased by 1.5% and its export dropped by 10.5% averagely from 2018 through 2019.

Last Words Based on Value, •

Italy has a totally independent market.

•

Germany and the Netherlands have an independent market.

•

France is a dependent market.

Based on Quantity, • Italy has a totally independent market. • Germany is an independent market. • The Netherlands has a dependent market. • France has a totally dependent market. Fastener World no.181/2020

283

Association British & Irish Association of Fastener Distributors (BIAFD) Date: 04/30/2020 Event: Spring Meeting Location : Forest of Arden Marriott Hotel and Country Club

2020 Event Calendar of Fastener Associations compiled by Fastener World

Metropolitan Fastener Distributors Association (MFDA)

Mid-West Fastener Association (MWFA)

Date: 03/19/2020

Date: 04/16/2020

Event: Dinner Meeting

Date: 06/25/2020

Event : Anniversary Event

Event: Scholarship Awards

North Coast Fastener Association (NCFA)

Date: 09/19/2020

Date: 05/07/2020

Event: Cocktail Party

Date: 09/20/2020 Event: Golf Outing

Date: 09/21/2020

Event : Distributor Social

Date: 09/10/2020 Event : Screw Open Golf Outing

Event: Table Top Show

National Fastener Distributors Association (NFDA)

Date: 12/03/2020

Date: 06/23-25/2020

Event: Holiday Party

Event : Annual Meeting and ESPS® (Executive Sales Planning Sessions®)

Industrial Fasteners Institute (IFI) Date: 07/20/2020 Event : Eagles Dinner & John D. Fischer Golf Outing

Canada Hardware & Housewares Manufacturers Association (CHHMA) Date: 10/21-24/2020 Event : Fall Conference

活動預告全球扣件公協會 284

英國暨愛爾蘭扣件經銷商協會 (BIAFD) 日期：2020/04/30 活動名稱 : 協會春季大會

美國中西部扣件協會 (MWFA) 日期：2020/04/16 活動名稱 : 協會週年活動

地點 : 雅頓森林萬豪酒店暨鄉村俱樂部

美國北海岸扣件協會 (NCFA)

美國大都會扣件經銷商協會 (MFDA)

日期：2020/05/07 活動名稱 : 經銷商交流會日期：2020/09/10 活動名稱 : 螺絲盃高球公開賽

日期：2020/03/19 活動名稱 : 晚宴日期：2020/06/25 活動名稱 : 協會獎學金頒獎日期：2020/09/19 活動名稱 : 雞尾酒舞會日期：2020/09/20 活動名稱 : 高球賽日期：2020/09/21 活動名稱 : 小型桌上展會日期：2020/12/03 活動名稱 : 假日舞會

Fastener World no.181/2020

美國扣件經銷商協會 (NFDA) 日期：2020/06/23-25 活動名稱 : 協會年度大會暨ESPS®執行銷售規劃研討會

美國工業扣件協會 (IFI) 日期：2020/07/20 活動名稱 : 晚宴暨高球聯誼賽

美國東南扣件協會 (SEFA) 日期：2020/10/21-24 活動名稱 : 協會秋季大會

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Technology by Guy Avellon

Why Automobile Wheels Fail The key to any wheel failure is to cause a loss of clamp load between the wheel and the wheel hub. It was previously stated that clamp load may be lost from a variety of reasons; through repeated reuse of the nut, from using an unregulated impact gun to tighten the wheels, from not retightening the wheel nuts within 100 miles (161 km) after installation, road hazards, heavy loads, thick rust on surfaces that inhibit a solid joint, ABS and Traction Control, embedment into the wheel boss, from not using proper mounting techniques, wheel alignment problems, from over-tightening, the presence of lubricants or using non-strength matching aftermarket parts. It was also previously mentioned that almost all wheel failures occur to a vehicle with over 100,000 miles (161,000 km). This statistically represents the number of times that a wheel would have been removed and remounted. This would include tire rotations (5,000 – 8,000 mi, 8,000 – 12,800 km), brake inspections and brake replacements (20,00035,000 mi, 32,000-56,000 km), tire replacement (50,000 mi, 80,000 km), brake rotor turning, winter to summer tire exchange, rebalancing, replacing shock absorbers or struts, etc. There have been many articles regarding the loss of clamp load when a nut is retightened, caused from the thread deformation and increased friction of the internal threads. Everyone agrees with laboratory tests finding that approximately 50% of tightening energy is consumed from the friction between the mating surfaces as the nut is tightened against the work surface. And, approximately an additional

Part 2

40% friction is generated between the threads as the threads engage during tightening. Therefore, 90% of the tightening energy is consumed by friction and only 10% is used to tighten the joint. When these tests were conducted, a standard nut with a flat washer face surface was used. A wheel nut, or wheel stud bolt, has a conical mating surface. The conical surface mates with the conical depression found in most wheels called a wheel boss. The depression helps pilot the wheel and the wheel nut or wheel stud into position. However, these conical surfaces produce an increased surface area that would increase the friction between the rotating surfaces from 50% to an additional 2-6%. This spread will depend upon surface finishes, surface condition and corrosion. Therefore, instead of the normal 10% of tightening energy used to create clamp load, the initial usable energy drops to 8-4%. Conservatively, this means the surface friction of a new wheel nut increases to 52%, decreasing the tightening energy from 10% to 8%. When the wheel nut is removed and reinstalled, friction between the threads from reuse increases from 40 to 42%, therefore, only 6% of the torque input is used to create the clamping load during a remount. Fortunately, from design and the fact that there are four to five wheel nuts holding the wheel onto the wheel hub, clamp load loss is gradual but can be compounded from the effects of many variables.

Impact Guns One of the greatest causes of wheel failures is the use of impact guns. Metal fatigue can be initiated from stress raisers created by the impacting of a common ½” drive air impact wrench (gun). Unregulated air guns create an initial impact between 325 – 425 lb-ft of torque at speeds up to 8,000 RPM. Heavy truck wheels average 500 lb-ft. When the nut hits the wheel boss, there is an initial moment of joint compression, then relaxation, then compression again with each impact as the impact gun continues to impact the wheel nut onto the wheel. The average passenger vehicle and light truck requires between 80 – 110 lb-ft of torque for proper assembly. The impacting creates an elastic rebound with the threads of the wheel stud, which creates thread stresses. Automotive manufacturers use assembly machines, Photo 1 . Classic metal fatigue conchoidal such as by Atlas-Copco, with multiple sockets that apply an even torque to all markings and ‘chatter’ stresses of the wheel nuts at the same time, thereby eliminating the elastic interaction between wheel studs. Unfortunately, this cannot be duplicated in a shop. Photo 1

All service garages use air tools operated from an air compressor. If a mechanic is asked what the torque output is of his impact gun, the usual reply is “90 pounds”. However, this is air pressure in psi (pounds-per-square-inch), not torque which is pound-feet. Most fully charged air compressors begin at 120 psi. As an air tool is activated and the air chamber pressure decreases, the compressor’s motor begins to regenerate pressure when the compressor’s pressure drops to 90 psi. The single shop air compressor is used for car lifts, multiple air guns, tire inflation, tire mounting equipment and other air powered tools. The output air pressure fluctuates between 120 – 90 psi when other tools are used at the same time. For the most part, the fluctuation has an insignificant effect on equipment, except for the output torque when mounting a wheel. No wheel nut will have the same amount of torque applied in this situation.

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Technology To be sure the wheel is tight, many mechanics will continue to impact the wheel nuts into the wheel boss. Sometimes, as illustrated by the wheel nuts in Photos 2 and 3. The conical seat of the wheel boss area will also be damaged. These wheel studs may fail long before the wheel becomes detached, yet the empty wheel hole and missing lug nut will likely go unnoticed by the driver until it is too late.

Photo 2

Photo 3

As an example, Marker #1 in Photo 4 displays a perfectly round mounting hole that is undamaged. This indicates a wheel stud that failed before the wheel lost clamp load. Its loss of clamp load contributed to the overall loss of the wheel. The mounting hole at the 4 oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;clock position has taken a fatigued wheel stud to final fracture when the wheel began to lose clamp load and shift. Markers #2 and #3 illustrate wheel movement in both acceleration and hard braking.

Photo 5 Rounding of the hexagonal corners

Severe impacting destroys the conical seating surface and the first few threads

Photo 4

Photo 6 Wheel stud bolts suffering installation abuse

Marker #1 : Perfectly round mounting hole. Marker #2 & 3 : Wheel movement in acceleration and hard braking.

Because of the many variables involved with any joint connection, a common unregulated impact wrench should never be used for assembling any type of joint, especially wheels. For decades, ever since the addition of disc brakes, auto manufacturers have advised against using an impact wrench to assemble wheels. For one, the sudden and increased clamp pressure will warp many rotors. A warped rotor may be felt as a pulsation through the brake pedal when applying the brakes after service. It is recommended to use torque sticks or a torque wrench. Secondly, it makes it difficult to near impossible to remove the wheel nuts on the roadside with the supplied wrench handle. Yet, the wrench handle is sufficiently long enough for the average person to exert enough downwards force with their body to safely tighten the wheel nuts. Adjustable output impact guns are very expensive. Better tire shops will use a low torque, around 50 lb-ft, to set the wheel in place. Then they will apply the proper torque to each wheel nut in a criss-cross pattern to each wheel. The best practice is to retighten each wheel nut again. Every joint relaxes. The interval between tightening and retightening is sufficient time to allow the joint to relax, then regain any lost clamp load when retightened. All new car manuals will state that after a tire is removed and remounted, drive the vehicle for 25 to 100 miles. Then retighten the wheel nuts again. This procedure makes certain any compressible debris or alignment has settled to a normal state, producing a solid joint connection. Remember; no matter how careful you are, when a nut is removed and retightened, the threads distort again creating more friction between the threads when under pressure (tightening). This cumulative increase in thread friction interferes with the tightening process because torque is a function of friction. Increased friction will reduce the work energy available to tighten the threads of the wheel stud causing a decrease in clamp load every time the nut is reused. This is why, under normal conditions, every time any internally threaded nut is removed and retightened, it will never produce the same clamp load as the moment before it was loosened, even if the same torque was applied. < More in Part 3 >

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Industry Focus

So you want to be an automotive supplierby Laurence Claus

o you want to supply fasteners to the automotive industry? This is a great market segment to be in, but like most paths that one decides to take, there are certain philosophies or ways of doing things that one must be prepared for. Perhaps one of the most distinguishing attributes of the automotive industry is the way that they approach quality. When I started in the fastener industry over thirty years ago the company I worked for had a roving band of inspectors whose sole task everyday was to go from machine cent er to ma ch i ne cent er, r a ndom ly grabbing parts out of tubs and inspecting them. If they got lucky, they discovered a problem before it made it further along in the process or, worst case, to the customer. This was a common practice in those days a nd basica lly was t he practical implementation of a “detection strategy”. In such a strategy one assumes that there may be problems but that through vigilance and inspection the problems can be detected and removed. Although this isn’t necessarily a bad philosophy when volumes are low, it becomes a very weak strategy when volumes are high, such as is typical in the automotive fastener segment. In contrast, automotive parts makers were one of the first to use prevention strategies instead of detection ones. A company that employs such a quality strategy will seek to discover a pending problem before it occurs and becomes a problem for both the manufacturer and their customer.

Quality Philosophy What is quality? Although a seemingly innocent and simple question, it generates a potentially complex and multi-layered answer. In essence, however, we might a n swe r t h a t whe n sp e a k i ng a b out a manufactured product it is “a measure of excellence or state of being free from defects, def iciencies a nd sig n i f ica nt variations.” 1 ISO 8402-1986 adds to this 1

From www.businessdictionary.com

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Automotive Quality Requirements? idea the notion that a product or service provides an answer to a need and, therefore, defines quality as “the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bears its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs”. Traditionally companies approach meeting this concept of quality by comparing their products against a set of customer or engineer specified requirements. In this way quality is defined by whether the part is “in specification” or not. In other words, a part is high quality provided that all of its characteristics are within specification. It does not matter where in the specification they are manufactured or whether they actually work well, only that they fall within the established boundaries. This is known as a “Goal Post” philosophy. When extending such a philosophy, the user assumes that the part is equally good in whatever condition it has been made. Some people, however, have problems with this type of philosophy. As an example, when I teach on this subject I often throw out the question to my students, would you buy a new car if you knew that every part on the car had been manufactured to the low specification limit? Not surprisingly I rarely have any takers. I inquire why no one would want to buy such a car for its “in specification.” The class will explain something to the effect that instinctively, and probably rightfully so, a car assembled under such conditions might be prone to more future problems. Therefore, even the staunchest proponent of a Goal Post philosophy may harbor some reservations. For many years this was the prevailing quality philosophy in automotive circles and the automotive OEMs devised complicated programs and certificate programs for suppliers that could provide high levels of quality. So how does one implement a system to execute such a philosophy? If you adopt this as your philosophy you expect that your processes will occasionally create parts out of specification, so that you must continually employ detection methods to determine when this has happened. Simply put, you implement a lot of inspection. In the middle 1960s, quality guru, Genichi Taguchi, pointed out that specifications were given by engineers and not customers. He ended up proposing his theory referred to as the “Taguchi Loss Function.” Dr. Taguchi recognized that although something might be “in specification” it may still fail to please the customer. His loss function essentially stated that as you begin to deviate from the ideal (or target), the value of the product or service begins to diminish. As an illustration, let’s take a cup of soup as an example. Let’s say that we have a serving temperature specification between 90°F and 150F. At 120°F it is the perfect serving temperature, we really enjoy that bowl of soup. At 95°F it is still in specification, but not quite warm enough to be completely enjoyable and at 145°F too hot to take in without blowing on it a while. Likewise, we understand that at 75°F it is way too cold and at 165°F it badly burns the roof of our mouths. This example clearly illustrates the concept that we can have something “in specification” and yet it is not of equal value to the ideal or target condition.

Industry Focus So if this becomes your philosophy, how do you implement activities to execute it? In the simplest of answers, you would endeavor to find the ideal case (provides the highest customer value) and build a stable process that you can control to uniformly provide that case every time. In other words you would build a sustainable, controllable process and we can extend that thought to say “good process nets good parts”. This is exactly what the modern Quality Management Systems (QMS) like ISO9001 or the automotive version IATF 16949 intend to do. In essence these systems are about figuring out your process and then continually improving upon it so that it remains under control and is always getting better.

Automotive Quality Systems The automotive OEMs have adopted this second philosophy and set requirements for their suppliers to adopt activities to support it. In essence there are three main activities that set automotive suppliers apart from suppliers in other industries. They are…

1. IATF 16949 (or Similar) It all began in 1997 with QS9000. This was the first automotive only QMS, derived as a supplement to ISO9000. Over the years it evolved (along with ISO9000) from QS9000 to ISO/TS 16949 and most recently to IATF 16949. Although adding a nd cha nging requirements, it has retained its fundamental principles which place a series of requirements on those recipients who possess it to understand, monitor, and, most importantly, control their processes. Like its predecessors, IATF 16949 establishes a basic foundation from the 200+ requirements of ISO9001 and then adds another almost 300 automotive specific requirements. For companies not accustomed to a control based quality system, obtaining IATF 16949 can be a daunting task.

2. Advanced Process Quality Planning (APQP) A second hallmark of automotive quality is the requirement to participate in APQP activities. The idea here is that once you begin developing a new part you will undertake a series of actions spanning the time you first received the part as an RFQ to the point you put it into production. These action steps are intended to help plan, develop, and implement successful processes to make the subject part you have been awarded.

APQP is multifaceted and includes a variety of planning steps. A few of the more commonly employed steps are: • Feasibility Review • Process Control Plan (PCP) • Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) • Capability Studies • Measuring System Analyses (MSA) • Preproduction Part Approval Process (PPAP) • Run-at-Rate Study These activities a re intended to work together to holistically determine success of the part before it is taken into full scale production. If the APQP is done well, it will often expose difficulties and problems well in advance of when they would become major or even catastrophic problems.

3. Pre-Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) PPAPs are an invention of the automotive OEMs and until recent years were used only within the automotive market sector. However, in recent years many other entities outside of the automotive sector are employing PPAP (or equivalent) activities. I can recall thirty years ago when the PPAP concept was new and a PPAP submission was only several pages thick. Today, many requirements have been added and the average PPAP is maybe 100 pages or more, even for the simplest of fasteners. PPAP is actually a part of APQP, but since it embodies many of the APQP activities and started out exclusive to automotive, it is worth singling out for additional comment. PPAPs follow the award of a part and are intended to verify the supplier can make the part as quoted. As such, PPAP involves actually making a small run of parts to verify that part and process parameters can be met. Although some of the same activities conducted during APQP are conducted during PPAP (MSA, PCP, and FMEA), the PPAP is all about demonstrating the ability to develop a process that will provide an adequate number of high quality parts.

Summary I n sum ma r y, for compa nies wishi ng to enter t he automotive market, these philosophies may seem foreign and the tasks to get manufacturing processes under control overwhelming. New entrants must expect a steep upward climb. To achieve this they may have to invest in a good deal of training and put their best people on it. However, if done right, the automotive quality systems are, bar none, the best in the world. This makes companies that can implement and execute on these philosophies some of the best in the world and well worth every company, whether automotive supplier or elsewhere to strive for.

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Company Focus

NEW MACHINE ROLLOUT by Dean Tseng, Fastener World

Machinery & Tooling Consulting Solution Provider Beyond the Limits of Trading CHUM YUAN CO., LTD.

Chum Yuan (CYC) is one of the most unique among the numerous traders and distributors in the Fastener Industry. CYC offers an all-inclusive product line of machinery and tooling, from Bolt/Nut Formers to secondary operation machine tools, or wire processing machinery to sorting/packing machines. It also offers complete tooling lines and spare parts in complements to all machines they supply. CYC is an export oriented company which focuses on Standard and Automotive Fastener Industry in countries like Brazil, India, USA, Europe, Turkey, and Thailand. General Manager Ray Hsieh studied Information Technology and used to work at IBM in Canada. He took the management responsibility of CYC in 2004 and in the last 16 years, he has turned the company from a conventional trader to an all-in-one specialized consultant!

Conventional Trader vs. Consulting Solution Provider Ray began reforming the corporate structure as soon as he took his position. To him, the business model of conventional trading and distribution is no longer congenial to the market demand of this generation. “We can’t just pick up an overseas order and then let our service stop at the point of completing the delivery. Today's consumers demand delicate, customized and all-inclusive service. That’s why we provide pre/after-sale service arranging logistics, machine parts supply and warranty for customers thoroughly. We have sales and technical quality staff in our customer service division standing by for 48-hour reply, and coordinating our partnering suppliers to send people to customers’ site for machine repair if necessary.” Rather than a trader and distributor, it’s better to say CYC is a specialized consultant integrating up/mid/downstream industries. Ray took advantage of his IT specialty and developed a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system to facilitate transparent order information by clearly laying out machine serial numbers and production/shipment/warranty status. The system has a “trade alarm” function that can intelligently calculate timings and pop up alerts to notify salespeople of confirming production status with suppliers to guarantee punctual delivery. He says he wants a sense of “transaction transparency and security” embodied in his brand image. “Customers would naturally think of us because we provide transparent product information and quality packaged services.”

Introducing “High Speed Bolt Pointer HC-P14” This year, CYC is very happy to introduce High Speed Bolt Pointer HC-P14 to the market. Often the industry either processes bolt point using lathes or has the points forming chamfers inside a die. However, the lathe method is very inefficient, and the drawback with the die method is with limited chamfer angles for point forming and reduced die life. Now, with HCP14, which is developed by Hai-Chiuan Machinery (HC) and exclusively distributed by CYC, it can eliminate the drawback by increasing capacity, efficiency and flexibility. The features include: (1) Processing screws in 3-15mm diameters and 12-150mm lengths; (2) Coping with

various special bolt shapes; (3) Quick tool change; (4) Stable control powered by servomotors; (5) Much lower price compared to European models. Ray says: “A little over a decade ago overseas customers had been looking for this type of machine in Taiwan because it was manufactured only by European countries at a high price. HC Pointers are price-competitive to overseas customers. Distributing them is the best example of CYC creating its corporate values because we want to fill up the manufacturing gap by distributing this machine and introduce it to the market.

Ray: “Conventional Industry Has Largest Potential for Innovation Opportunity” Taiwanese companies in the fastener field are mostly family owned, nowadays we are in an era where the 2nd /3rd generations start to take over. In Ray’s opinion, he thinks the critical factors for the next generations to succeed in taking over the business is with technology, quality and rebranding of conventional i n d u st r y i m a ge. “ By d ef i n it ion , a conventional industry is the foundation for other industries and it is irreplaceable. Technicians are highly respected in overseas countries because they feel proud of their high technical capabilities. The next generation of Taiwanese companies needs that kind of self-value. They have to apply the advanced technology into Taiwanese conventional factories that is parallel with the Europe, Japan, and the U.S. In order to attract new talents into the industry, the next generation needs to overturn the negative impression on conventional industry by applying New Media, Innovation, and modern working environment in order to build a high-tech image in the Fastener Industry. As a n exa mple for conventiona l industry innovation, CYC combines with IT, software, supply chain management and suppliers across Taiwan to offer global customers genui ne one-stop solutions.

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Website: www.chumyuan.com email: info@chumyuan.com.tw

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NEW MACHINE ROLLOUT

Company Focus

by Dean Tseng, Fastener World

Leading & Top-rated American

Rolling Machine Brand

Thread

REED MACHINERY, INC. Reed Machinery is a century-old and proven innovator and expert in thread rolling machines. Its history dates way back to 1916 when its predecessor Reed Rolled Thread Die Co. was formed making thread rolling dies and machines. In 2004, Reed Machinery was formed and in 2006 it acquired Waterbury, adding Waterbury’s cold headers, parts formers and additional thread rolling machines to the product line. Today, Reed Machinery has evolved into an extensive product line of 2-die, 3-die, flat die and planetary thread rolling machines, assorted attachments and dies, as well as rebuilding & refurbishing services. It has multiple domestic branches in the U.S. and international sales representatives in Mexico, Australia, Brazil and Israel.

The “Reed” Strengths “Reed Machinery is unique because we make all types of thread rolling machines,” said Steve Copeland, Vice President of Sales & Marketing. “We quote the correct type of machine for each application. Our machines are strong and dependable.” He added that Reed Machinery’s strength is application knowledge. “We know what will work and what won’t work. We quote the correct machine and tooling to do a job. If it won’t work we will tell the customer.” Another high feature to point out about Reed Machinery is its IntelligentOne™ RFID Tag technology. “IntelligentOne is a trademarked technology that uses RFID to write data to the actual thread rolling die. It tracks die life and records the actual number of rolled parts on the tag in the die to help manage tool usage. It can be added to dies prior to shipping,” said Steve.

High Quality & Tailored to Your Needs The company self-certifies its machine quality based on many decades of history and experience building very specific types of machines. All equipment is built to meet US safety and electrical codes. For customers with special demand, Reed Machinery offers customized service to provide tailored machines. “We often quote special systems for our customers. Usually it will be based on a standard model machine with a special work support fixture or automation.”

New Product to be Highlighted in Wire 2020 Reed Machinery will be promoting the entire product line of thread rolling machines at the Wire show. Highlighted will be the CNC Thread rollers: the A22C, A22HDC and A34C. These are state-of-the-art machines with servo drives, pushbutton die match and job memory for easy set-ups. Also highlighted will be modern automation systems including Universal Collaborative Robots, IAI Scara Robots and a variety of custom automation options. A mong t hose highlights, t he one to poi nt out in particular is A34C, the newest product of Reed Machinery which is a large 3-die thread rolling machine with CNC controls and servo drive motors. It replaces the old model A33 and A34 machines from the 1960’s and 1970’s, and is intended to serve the large diameter aerospace fastener industry. As a top-rated American brand, Reed Machinery continues to reinvent machine technology and shine out on the world stage. Reed Machinery's contact: Steve Copeland, VP Sales & Marketing Email: scopeland@reed-machinery.com

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NEW MACHINE ROLLOUT

Company Focus

by Dean Tseng, Fastener World

Special Purpose Machines for

Aerospace Fasteners

EARLSDON TECHNOLOGY LTD.

Registered in England and continuing to grow bigger and stronger, Earlsdon Technology is a reputable world leader in special purpose machines for aerospace fastener manufacturers. In the last 2 years alone, it has increased sales by 25% to US$ 5 million per year. Today, Earlsdon Technology exports to the Americas, Europe, China (via distributor Aerospace Fastener Technologies in Shanghai), India, Southeast Asia, and South Africa, providing personal aftersales service worldwide.

“Robotic Automation” Now a New Feature in Earlsdon Technology Capabilities Earlsdon Technology builds machines that are fast, reliable and built for 24/7 operation, including fillet rolling machines, drilling and broaching machines, reaming and tapping machines, and head turning and drilling machines. On the latest milestone, “We have sold 25% more and added ‘Robotic Automation’ to our capabilities and completed several projects using robots to load our machines. The robots are useful for handling large fasteners and for automation of small-batch production,” said Director Simon West in a special interview with Fastener World Magazine.

Rolling out New Machines “We continue to increase the level of technology of our Fillet Rolling machines and Drilling and Broaching machines,” said Simon, “especially to increase our use of digital servo controls and make our machines compatible with ‘Industry 4.0’ demanded by many customers.” The new machines on top of the current available product line are: (1) FR-V4 Fillet Rolling machine: Completely new loading system for rapid changeover. (2) ADB-S1 Drilling, Pointing and Broaching machine: 1 second cycle time; Full digital servo control. (3) RT-SX1 Reaming and Tapping machine: Full digital servo control.

Quality, Customizability, Experience Simon continued, “We are world leaders in our field and we make the best machines. We maintain that position by involving our very experienced staff in all aspects of design, build and quality control, and by very thorough machine tests. All our machines are CE-marked and built to the highest European and US standards.” Nearly every machine that leaves his factory has been customized to suit a customer requirement. The company also designs and builds completely new machines for long-standing key customers. Many of them have 20+ E-Tech machines and have worked with the company for more than 20 years. “We make the best machines, with the best design and build quality. We certainly aren’t the cheapest, but we offer very good value for money. We have a team with experience of more than 1,000 projects for global customers.”

Meet Earlsdon Technology in Las Vegas “We usually have machines at the International Fastener Expo in Las Vegas. Frankly, we are too busy to attend many shows. Our customers are pushing us to increase capacity and build more machines for them. That is our focus.” The company has recently recruited a number of new engineers and other staff members and are focused on new product development and very responsive customer service. Specifically to Taiwanese readers, Simon said he has visited Taiwan several times and was very impressed by the beautiful country and the highly-skilled people. “So far we have one Taiwanese customer, but of course we would like many more!” Simon is also anticipated to meet new customers worldwide as the future of Earlsdon Technology unfolds. Earlsdon Technology's contact: Simon West, Director Email: simon@e-tech.co.uk

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Special Feature

Q1.

Ask Our Expert of the Month: The Fastener Professor, Dr. Toshimichi Fukuoka

Thread Specifications and Shapes

Threads come in triangular and trapezoidal shapes. Why is that?

Figure 1 shows the typical shapes of threads. The threads used for fastening basically come in triangular shapes. On the other hand, the ones used for motion transfer mechanisms such as feed screws or jacks are trapezoidal threads and square threads. Comparing the inclination angle of the thread surface to the normal section, the angle of triangular screw thread is 30 degrees, and that of a trapezoidal thread surface is 15 degrees. Furthermore, the inclination angle of square threads is

basically zero degrees, but they actually have a few degrees of inclination. Therefore, trapezoidal threads have similar mechanical properties to those of square threads. If the coefficient of friction on the thread surface is the same, the friction angle of triangular threads is larger than that of trapezoidal threads. Then, from the mechanical reason, triangular threads are less likely to loosen. Additionally, the ratio of the work done by threads to the total work given by a torque wrench is called â&#x20AC;&#x153;thread efficiencyâ&#x20AC;?. If the coefficient of friction is the same, the thread efficiency becomes higher in trapezoidal threads. Accordingly, the thread shape of a jack used for lifting heavy objects is basically trapezoid.

Fig. 1. Typical thread shapes

Q2. What are the features

of double-thread screws and multiple-thread screws?

The Screw thread with a single triangle being wound along a helix on the outer surface of a cylinder or the inner surface of a hollow cylinder is termed single-thread screw. The one with multiple triangles adjoining in the axial direction being wound along a helix is a multiple-thread screw (Fig. 2). In widely-used single thread screws, the thread pitch is equal to lead, which is the distance traveled in a single rotation. On the other hand, the lead of a multiple thread screw is the product of the thread pitch times the number of threads, and then the distance traveled in a single rotation becomes larger. Utilizing the feature, multiple-thread screws are sometimes used for the feed screws of emergency shutdown valves in pipelines and caps used in

Fig. 2. Single and double threads

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daily necessaries. Some motion mechanisms are devised utilizing the increase of the difference between fastening torque and loosening torque. Additionally, if the nominal diameter is the same, the lead angle (the spiral angle of threads) is almost proportional to the number of threads, which is effective for multiple-thread screws with several triangles.

Q3. I heard fine threads are

less likely to loosen than coarse threads, but why are coarse threads used extensively?

Q5. How do I calculate

Fig. 4.

Special Feature

the bearing surface area of a nut or bolt head?

It is somewhat cumbersome to strictly calculate the area of bearing surface because the bearing surface of the nut and the bolt head are hexagonal. The area calculated by assuming the nut to be a ring-shaped cylinder is sufficiently acceptable from the mechanical point of view, in which the mean value of the width across flat s and the width across corners e of the hexagon is regarded as the outer diameter and the bolt hole is the inner diameter. However, the hole size of the bolt can be divided into several categories such as grade 1, grade 2 and 3. Be careful that grade 1 and grade 3 have fairly different dimensions.

T he reason t hat f i ne t h reads a re less likely to loosen is because they have smaller lead angles than those of coarse threads. There is no doubt about the fact that screw threads with smaller lead angle are less likely to loosen. However, there are various other factors that affect the occurrence of loosening. Additionally, although the shapes of fine threads and coarse threads are all similar, the fundamental triangle height of fine threads is smaller as shown in Figure 3. Considering the fact that a fair amount of the axial bolt force acts on the threads near the bearing surface of the nut, the thread strength of fine threads for shear loads may be weaker. Therefore, fine and coarse threads are respectively used in accordance with the clamping situation, considering the points mentioned above.

Fig. 3. Fundamental Triangle Height

Q4. How much is a triangular thread weaker compared to a round bar with the same nominal diameter?

Though it depends on the type of loads acting on the threads, the concept of stress area, for example, proposed in JIS B1082 would be helpful. Using nominal diameter d and pitch P, the stress area can be calculated through the expression in Figure 4. Diameter d s of the stress area is the intermediate value of pitch diameter d2 and minor diameter d1.

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Industry Focus

Analysis of

U.S. Fastening Tools Trade with the World in 2019

by Behrooz Lotfian

USA-China ★ 27% of U.S. fastening tools were imported from China. ★ 3.5% of U.S. fastening tools were exported to China. To compare the numbers between 2018 and 2019, we see that U.S. export decreased by about 29.1% and its import decreased by 15.2%. The economic war between China and US affected U.S. fastening tools business directly. Based on U.S. independency ratio statistics, this country is a super dependent country. Its export value was about 7.7% of its import value in 2018. However, it was improved, as the independency ratio was about 8.9% in 2019. Unit: Thousand USD

2018

2019

U.S. import from China

218,767

218,301

298,033

267,198

182,625

182,670

210,250

U.S. export to China

17,696

20,926

18,506

17,995

16,769

18,336

15,722

8.1%

9.6%

6.2%

6.7%

9.2%

10.0%

7.5%

Exp./Imp (Independency ratio)

USA-Japan ★ 17% of U.S. fastening tools were imported from Japan. ★ 2.1% of U.S. fastening tools were exported to Japan. To compare the numbers between 2018 and 2019, we see that U.S. export decreased by about 4.1% and its import decreased by 6.0%. Based on the U.S. independency ratio statistics, this country is a super dependent country. Its export value was about 8.0% of its import value in 2018. However, it declined later, as the independency ratio was about 7.3% in 2019. Unit: Thousand USD

2018

2019

U.S. import from Japan

140,718

137,119

169,466

110,554

121,278

155,727

148,940

U.S. export to Japan

11,500

11,332

9,904

10,897

9,774

10,650

10,218

8.2%

8.3%

5.8%

9.9%

8.1%

6.8%

6.9%

Exp./Imp (Independency ratio)

USA-Germany ★ 14.7% of U.S. fastening tools were imported from Germany. ★ 3.2% of U.S. fastening tools were exported to Germany. To compare the numbers between 2018 and 2019, we see that U.S. export decreased by about 8.9% and its import increased by 7.5%. Based on the U.S. independency ratio statistics, this country is a super dependent country. Its export value was about 12.9% of its import value in 2018. However, it was improved, as the independency ratio was about 14.4% in 2019. Unit: Thousand USD

324

2018

2019

U.S. import from Germany

117,894

128,076

137,767

122,206

126,118

111,177

109,668

U.S. export to Germany

17,457

14,204

15,080

17,896

17,850

16,946

15,239

Exp./Imp (Independency ratio)

14.8%

11.1%

10.9%

14.6%

14.2%

15.2%

13.9%

Fastener World no.181/2020

Industry Focus USA-Canada ★ 8.0% of U.S. fastening tools were imported from Canada. ★ 25.6% of U.S. fastening tools were exported to Canada. To compare the numbers between 2018 and 2019, we see that U.S. export decreased by about 19.9% and its import decreased by 5.5%. Based on the U.S. independency ratio statistics, this country is an independent country. Its export value was about 191% of its import value in 2018. Furthermore, it was improved, as the independency ratio was about 217% in 2019. 2018

Unit: Thousand USD

2019 Q3

U.S. import from Canada

72,200

81,430

70,187

63,468

68,057

49,939

59,520

U.S. export to Canada

138,178

124,330

140,013

138,872

125,795

130,781

122,220

Exp./Imp (Independency ratio)

191.4%

152.7%

199.5%

218.8%

184.8%

261.9%

205.3%

USA-S. Korea ★ 8.4% of U.S. fastening tools were imported from S. Korea. ★ 0.7% of U.S. fastening tools were exported to S. Korea. To compare the numbers between 2018 and 2019, we see that U.S. export decreased by about 28.4% and its import increased by 1.4%. Based on the U.S. independency ratio statistics, this country is a super dependent country. Its export value was about 5.0% of its import value in 2018. However, it increased later, as the independency ratio was about 6.6% in 2019. 2018

Unit: Thousand USD

2019 Q3

U.S. import from S. Korea

95,899

80,397

66,474

70,194

79,602

55,753

41,566

U.S. export to S. Korea

3,456

3,555

3,513

4,745

3,392

3,404

3,873

Exp/Imp (Independency ratio)

3.6%

4.4%

5.3%

6.8%

4.3%

6.1%

9.3%

USA-Mexico ★ 3.0% of U.S. fastening tools were imported from Mexico. ★ 22.6% of U.S. fastening tools were exported to Mexico. To compare the numbers between 2018 and 2019, we see that U.S. export increased by about 7.6% and its import decreased by 6.2%. Based on the U.S. independency ratio statistics, this country is a super independent country. Its export value was about 438.9% of its import value in 2018. However, it declined later, as the independency ratio was about 396.5% in 2019. 2018

Unit: Thousand USD

2019 Q3

U.S. import from Mexico

25,380

27,600

27,800

27,664

24,963

33,939

28,224

U.S. export to Mexico

130,217

122,731

110,417

110,692

113,918

107,356

117,671

Exp/Imp (Independency ratio)

513.1%

444.7%

397.2%

400.1%

456.3%

316.3%

416.9%

Last Word USA-World Fastening Statistics To compare the numbers between 2018 and 2019, we see that U.S. export decreased by about 12.3% and its import decreased by 3.2%. Based on the U.S. independency ratio statistics (which is lower than 100%), this country is a dependent country. Its export value was about 59.6% of its import value in 2018. However, it was improved later, as the independency ratio was about 65.7% in 2019. The main exporters of fastening tools to USA are from Asia and the main market for U.S. fastening tools is the North American continent. The following table shows the overview of U.S. fastening business. Unit: Thousand USD

2019

U.S. import from the world

848,780

847,313

950,246

845,688

774,284

764,309

775,741

U.S. export to the world

545,389

521,274

505,834

501,893

501,506

511,536

507,383

64.3%

61.5%

53.2%

59.3%

64.8%

66.9%

65.4%

Exp./Imp (Independency ratio)

326

2018 Q1

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Industry Focus

The Analysis of

Fastener Machinery Market in USA by Shervin Shahidi Hamedani The global industrial fasteners market is anticipated to hit USD 137.79 billion by 2026 driven by the recovering global economy and strengthening manufacturing sector. The increasing industrial demand in the manufacturing, construction, packaging and agriculture is anticipated to move the fastener industry forward much faster in the future. Particularly, the increase in government expenditure in the residential, industrial and commercial construction sectors contributes significantly to the industrial fastener market. Consequently, the more fastener products used in diverse industries, the more fastener machinery required to be equipped by fastener manufacturers. With regard to the topic of this article, focusing more on the US market, we should say that fast population shift from rural areas to urban areas and increasing disposable income in this country, and North America in general, drive large investment in construction like skyscrapers that, in turn considerably spark industrial fastener market growth. North America will account for substantial share valuing at 24.95 Billion in 2026 growing at a CAGR of 4.0% in the fastener market. In the U.S., automotive application is another key driver of fastener market in both machinery and end products. Generally, U.S. fastener industry creates a multi-billion-dollar segment of the economy supported by a large number of wide-ranging companies manufacturing and trading fastener products, tools and machinery. Machinery manufacturing is one of the largest and most competitive sectors of U.S. manufacturing economy. In 2018, for instance, total exports of capital equipment in this industry reached USD 141 billion. Leading markets for U.S. machinery exports include Canada, Mexico, China, Germany, and Australia. The United Kingdom, Brazil, Japan, Singapore, and Belgium add to the top ten export markets. On average, the European Union was U.S. machinery manufacturersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; third-largest market in recent years, after Canada and Mexico. Among the extensive types of machinery manufactured in the United States, construction machinery, engine equipment, industrial process controls, agricultural equipment, fastener machinery and turbines and turbine generator sets led U.S. exports in last few years. The fastener machinery industry in the U.S. is anticipated to continue its growth in the future. As mentioned, the growth of the construction industry is one of the key growth factors for this market. Construction activities require steel parts as those components are important in providing the required strength to the overall structure. With the substantial growth in the number of construction activities, the market size of fastener machinery will grow enormously. The construction sector in the U.S. is estimated to witness outstanding growth in the residential construction segment.

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The expansion in the use of high-strength fasteners in wind towers is one of the latest trends that will gain power in the fastener machinery market in the coming years. Wind energy plays a significant role in energy supplies across the world and is gaining continuous developments in the U.S. The rising awareness about the benefits of wind energy that will fuel the need for wind towers, will also increase the fastener machinery demand in the long run. The fastener machinery market is comparatively fragmented, with a strong dominance of the large international players. This market is also moderately capital intensive and therefore it presents a challenge to the local fastener machinery manufacturers in the U.S. The smaller players find it relatively hard to compete with the international manufacturers especially in terms of factors such as quality, features, functionalities, and services. Major competitors in the global fastener machinery markets include China, Taiwan, Germany and Italy. The fastener machinery players in the U.S. experience high demand from the automotive, construction, aerospace, and shipbuilding sectors and have future growth opportunities in the field of aerospace and nuclear power as well. The screw machinery as one of the key categories of the fastener machinery market, has two main segments in U.S. market which are single spindle screw machines and multi spindle screw machines. The single spindle screw machine segment accounted for the largest screw machine market share. A single spindle screw machine has one spindle in its configuration, which enables the cutting tools to cut one workpiece at a time and have a variety of cam-operated mechanisms for automated production. In 2019, U.S. fastener machinery manufacturers (HS Code: 8463) exported USD 98 million worth of products to the global market, mainly to Mexico, Canada and Germany. The chart below exhibits the total exports value of US fastener machinery to the top ten major destinations within last 5 years.

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Unit: 1,000 USD

Industry Focus 40,000

Total Export Value of U.S. Fastener Machinery to the Top Ten Major Destinations in 2015-2019

35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Mexico

Canada

Germany

26,684 37,000 24,076 25,260 22,133

16,147 12,886 18,896 23,270 17,352

3,490 5,814 15,653 6,361 7,975

Honduras 303 2,090 3,011 4,520 5,209

India 636 2,913 1,579 1,354 4,105

China 13,772 9,675 12,294 9,607 3,208

Australia 1,209 1,620 1,944 3,412 2,954

Japan 1,490 2,468 1,355 2,897 2,799

United Kingdom 3,352 1,774 1,964 3,904 2,489

France 749 704 535 1,182 2,348

The economic impact of machinery manufacturing extends throughout U.S. economy. Machinery industries provide vital and highly sophisticated technology for many other manufacturing and service industries. Industrial process controls and other automation technologies enable end-users to maximize the productivity of their equipment. Sales of many types of machinery go together with a variety of high-value services as well, including specialized architecture, engineering, and logistics.

Unit: 1,000 USD Unit: 1,000 USD

Tens of thousands of companies are in U.S. manufacture machinery, while thousands of them are in the fastener market. However, the demand for fastener machinery in U.S. market is much higher than the supply provided by the local manufacturers. That makes the value and quantity of imports much higher than the value and volume of exports in this market. A majority of local manufacturers are small and medium enterprises (SMEs), but there are also many large, public companies and iconic American brands that trade on a global scale. In general, machinery is manufactured in almost every state, but production is concentrated particularly in the industrial Midwest, California, and Texas. In 2019, the total imports value for fastener machinery (HS Code: 8463) was USD 212 million, mainly from Germany, Switzerland, Japan and Italy. The chart below exhibits the total value of imports in last five years from ten major fastener machinery exporters into the U.S. market. 90,000

Total Value of Imports in 2015-2019 from Ten Major Fastener Machinery Exporters into U.S. Market

80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Germany 52,690 60,473 49,397 76,979 69,179

Switzerland 33,179 20,233 43,078 26,898 31,431

Japan 22,585 28,964 26,758 25,146 21,922

Italy 20,559 19,656 13,928 22,325 17,486

Canada 13,731 10,504 19,342 11,759 10,187

China 14,021 8,786 9,079 10,361 10,157

Taiwan 7,299 6,521 10,603 9,658 7,768

Netherlands 30 312 262 165 5,876

Spain 4,096 4,119 4,619 3,846 5,289

France 3,409 3,352 5,651 6,061 5,168

The total number of Americans employed in the machinery manufacturing sector is more than 1.1 million, including those working in the fastener machinery market. These jobs are mainly in highly-skilled, well-compensated trades and professions. Leading employment categories include team assemblers, machinists, welders, tool-and-die makers, and mechanical and other engineers. Machinery manufacturing also supports the jobs of hundreds of thousands of Americans in a variety of other manufacturing and service industries. That makes this industry to be known as a one of the key contributors to U.S. GDP.

Sources: • • • •

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Industrial Fasteners Market; Reports and Data: Market Research and Business Consulting, 2019 Global Screw Machine Market 2017-2021: Technavio The Machinery and Equipment Industry in the United States: International Trade Administration's Industry & Analysis Unit (I&A) ITC Trade Map, Trade statistics for international business development

Fastener World no.181/2020

Exhibition For more info about exhibitions in 2020-2021, please contact our sales dept. at +886-2954000 or email to sales@fastener-world.com.tw

Fastener World’s Global Exhibition Calendar in 2020 Fastener Fair New Delhi

09/04-05

compiled by Fastener World

Fastener Fair India returns to New Delhi. India’s capital city hosts the nation’s premier, international event for Fastener and Fixing Technology, in 2020. Building on the success of five editions in Mumbai and two in New Delhi, Fastener Fair India returns to the Pragati Maidan Exhibition Centre from 4-5 September 2020. The exhibition provides excellent networking opportunities to all industry professionals, including distributors, suppliers and engineers. India is one of the fastest growing economies on the planet and home to many major fastener markets including automotive, telecoms, energy, rail, domestic appliances and construction. This economic growth is set to drive domestic and international investments in the Indian fastener market.

Venue: Pragati Maidan Exhibition Centre Fastener World at A42 Taiwan sales agent: Fastener World

Delhi is the largest commercial centre in northern India and many multinational companies have already established themselves within the region. The region also acts as a hub for the automobile industry. Many major automobile companies have established manufacturing centres in the region, such as Hero MotoCorp, India Yamaha Motor Private Limited and Maruti Suzuki, one of the oldest passenger car makers in India. Founded at the heart of New Delhi, the Pragati Maidan Exhibition Centre is a world-class venue, which hosts a variety of prestigious national and international exhibitions. The seventh edition of Fastener Fair India was held in Mumbai from 25-26 April 2019, at the Bombay Exhibition Centre. The two-day event hosted 199 exhibitors. The majority of exhibitors were India-based companies. However, many exhibitors were non-domestic, namely from China, Taiwan, Germany, South Korea, USA and Singapore. A highly qualified audience of 5,192 was on hand to view a comprehensive range of industrial fasteners and fixings, assembly and installation systems, storage and logistics services, fastener manufacturing technology and construction fixings. The specialised exhibition for the fastener and fixing industry attracted visitors from many key industry sectors, including mechanical engineering, automotive industry and hardware retailing. Distributors, wholesalers and retailers were also in attendance. These visitors echoed the current economic trend in India: Forecasts indicate that, as a growing economy, India has huge potential for international businesses from around the world. The overwhelming number of visitors at the exhibition entrances ensured exhibitors were delighted with the business they did from start to finish. As in previous years, Fastener Fair India 2019 was co-located with BLECH India 2019. India’s premier exhibition for Sheet Metal Working attracted 159 exhibitors from 15 countries, with 5,017 trade visitors.

Sales for Fastener Fair India 2020 have been strong, alongside the prospect of the largest ever Fastener Fair event in New Delhi. Exhibition Manager, Martin Clarke, comments ‘companies from both India and the wider world have recognised Fastener Fair India as a must-attend event for the industry. India’s buoyant economy mirrors the exhibition’s progress, with the show growing year on year.’ With less than six months to go until the exhibition opens its doors, there is no better time to plan your visit to Fastener Fair India 2020. Contact the Fastener Fair India Team now to discuss opportunities for your company. Further details can be found on the Fastener Fair India 2020 website (https://www.fastenerfair.com/india/delhi/english/). Fastener Fair India also takes place in Mumbai and returns to the Bombay Exhibition Centre for the sixth time in April 2021. Further information about Fastener Fair India 2021 is available on request, from the organiser. Fastener World no.181/2020

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Taiwan Exhibitors A42 A20

FASTENER WORLD INC. SPEC PRODUCTS CORP.

foreign@fastener-world.com.tw

www.fastener-world.com

886-6-2954000

zephyr.chang@spec.com.tw www.spec.com.tw 886-6-2881655 "SPECLOC (Wedge Locking Washers) / Nordic Bolts / Nordic Nuts Special bolts and nuts made according to blue prints. Turning parts and Stamping parts. "

A28

HOME SOON ENTERPRISE CO., LTD.

home.soon@msa.hinet.net www.homesoon.com.tw 886-4-23353817 DRIVER BITS, BIT HOLDERS, NUT SETTERS, SOCKETS, L-KEYS. 36 years of know-how, is a professional Taiwan manufacturer and also a reliable supplier for hand tools. Products include driver bits, bit holders, nut setters, sockets, allen keys and various of hand tools satisfying customers. Your best OEM partner.

A32

CHENG CHANG CARBIDE CO., LTD.

chengchang@cccarbide.com.tw www.cccarbide.com.tw 886-2-22710333 Screw Die & Nut Die, Self Drilling Die, Super Hard Pre-Forms, Rode, Blanks, Customized Products.

A36

HUNG LI (HURMG YIEH) ELECTROPLATING MACHINERY INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.

sales@hurmg-yieh.com.tw www.hung-li.com.tw 886-6-2530166 Hung Li (Hurmg Yieh) Machinery is a professional electroplating equipment manufacturer from Taiwan operating for over 30 years.

A38

We provide rolling barrel, hanging rack type electroplating & phosphating equipment for various industries such as fasteners, automotives, electronics, sanitary hardware and so on. Please visit www.hung-li.com.tw for detail.

CHIEN TSAI MACHINERY ENTERPRISE CO., LTD.

jiancai@jiancai.com.tw www.jiancai.com.tw 886-7-6225858 Chien Tsai Machinery machines can thread the diameter from 1 mm to 38 mm, and the length can reach 500mm. We have 47-year experience in manufactures. We are well-experienced and skillful in making machines and our machines have high quality and competitive price.

A40

LU-YI DIE WORKS CO., LTD.

n7350717@ms77.hinet.net www.lu-yi.com 886-4-7350717 Lu-Yi is specialized in manufacturing all sizes of drill point dies made of tungsten steel and high speed steel and the types include Pinch Point, Center Point, Bullet Shape Point, Nail Shape Point and Wing Point. Lu-Yi can also offer

A44

Also we have obtained CE mark certification. From planning the suitable machines to after-sales service, customers are always first. In the future, Chien Tsai Machinery will use a globe perspective vision to develop and improve models of machines to meet the market demands. Our goal is to become the best machine supplier in fastener business.

die customization service for any screw dimension requested by any client. Lu-Yi, the best solution for all kinds point shape for self-drilling screw. We always stick to the spirit of “satisfying each client’s demand” . For being top-level drill point dies manufacturer, in 2018 Lu-Yi gained the ISO9001 Quality System Certificate also are the first specialized at drill point die manufacturer with certification. All our pursuit is to every client’s satisfaction.

KING YUAN DAR METAL ENTERPRISE CO., LTD.

pdaiboo@kydmetal.com www.fastener-world.com.tw/en/supplier/kyd 886-4-7588101 Three-dimensional vibration grinding machine-4P, heat treatment furnace

A50

RAY FU ENTERPRISE CO., LTD.

export@ray-fu.com www.ray-fu.com 886-7-5560180 RAY FU, founded in 2000, is a professional exporter for all kinds of fasteners in Taiwan. Ray Fu is recognized for integrated production capability at its steel wire factory, which is equipped with a wire rod warehouse,

A52

spheroidizing annealing furnace, pickling surface equipment, wire drawing machines, and screw makers. Ray Fu specializes in construction products and automotive industry. Aiming at providing superior quality, Ray Fu is ISO 9001, ISO 14001, IATF 16949, TAF, DIN EN14592, DIN EN 14566 and ETA certified to meet any customer demands.

YESWIN MACHINERY CO., LTD.

yeswin@twyeswin.com www.twyeswin.com 886-6-2729939 Yeswin Machinery is a professional cold forging machine manufacturer in Taiwan. We make 3-, 4-, 5- station bolt formers including standard, long-stroke and super long-

A54

stroke types for a wide range of bolt length up to 400mm. We also make 5-, 6-, and 7-station bolt/nut parts formers for a variety kinds of special bolts. Those fasteners have been widely used in aerospace, construction, transportation, furniture…and so on. Yeswin will keep focusing on the design upgradation to optimize bolt formers and to fulfill the need of making higher technique products.

HOMN REEN ENTERPRISE CO., LTD.

homnreen@mail.homnreen.com.tw www.homnreen.com 886-7-6960597 Self Drilling Screws, Trilobular Thread Screw, Furniture Screw, Bi-Metal Screw, Collated Screw, Construction Screw

A56

S.G. CARBIDE DIE CO. , LTD.

jessie@sgcarbide.com.tw www.sgcarbide.com.tw 886-4-7360805 "The important factor for excellent quality forging products from mold design technology and manufacturing technology. Making finished products have a well surface burnished and

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dimensional accuracy is our strength. SG carbide die capabilities serve four major sections: hand tools section, auto tooling section, aerospace section, and defense tooling industry. We are especially a licensed supplier in this field."

Exhibition

SUBCON Thailand

05/13-16

Venue: BITEC

Your Global Sourcing Destination! Thailand offers an excellent support industry, strong infrastructure and a strategic location at the crossroads of Southeast Asia, China, and India. Thailand is known as a regional industrial part manufacturing hub with investors and buyers seeking business partnerships and sourcing parts in the Kingdom. Today, SUBCON Thailand is ASEAN’s leading international industrial part-sourcing and business-matching event and the show presents a regional business platform for industrial partmakers and international buyers from Tier 1 and Tier 2 around the world. After more than 13 years, SUBCON Thailand has become the center for major parts purchasing along with sourcing excellence. It now offers sourcing opportunities with over 400 industrial partmanufacturers from Thailand, ASEAN, Japanese manufacturers and more. The event will feature industries such as automotive, electronics, machinery, and future industries like aviation, medical equipment, robotics, automation and digital. The 2020 show will also be packed with activities such as industrial showcases, seminars, workshops and business matching programs. SUBCON Thailand 2020 is projected to be attended by over 25,000 buyers and trade visitors from 14 countries.

FEATURED HIGHLIGHTS FOR 2020 … • Over 400 quality industrial part manufacturers from 15 countries • Top Pavilions from Taiwan, Korea, Japan and the Thai Subcontracting Promotion Association • Buyer’s Village - the largest in ASEAN where many of the world’s leading part buyers are located. • A showcase of technologies and innovations on rail systems, national defense industry and aviation support the industry. • Business matching and business linkage with leading industrial part- buyers from 15 countries. • Over 50 seminars that enhance knowledge for future industries, such as the next generation automotive industry, medical device industry and aviation support industry. The show’s Business-Matching Program is exclusively for exhibitors of SUBCON Thailand and registered industrial part-buyers. It is the only official business-matching event organized by the BOI Unit for Industrial Linkage Development (BUILD). The Program will provide industrial part-buyers with the opportunity to meet over 400 top quality industrial part-makers. The business includes industries such as; Automotive, Construction, Mold and Die, Mechanical, Electrical Appliance and the booming Electronics industry. Industrial components such as metals, fasteners, plastics, and rubber parts are available for possible part-sourcing. The program is particularly ideal for Tier 1 and 2. The Business Matchmaking Program already has a proven record of success. Over the years, matching activities at SUBCON THAILAND have generated more than 60.5 billion Baht in transactions and over 28,000 business partnerships have been created via the program.

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Exhibition

Fastener Fair USA

05/19-20

The show is unique in the industry, offering an unrivaled opportunity for the entire supply chain – manufacturers, master distributors, equipment makers, processors, packagers and end users – to meet, collaborate and network. The 2020 Fastener Fair USA will tap into its location in Charlotte as a gathering point for fastener business strategists and technology experts. North Carolina is a hotbed of aerospace, automotive and furniture manufacturing, providing one of the country’s greatest concentration of fastener buyers and end users.

Venue: the Charlotte Convention Center Taiwan sales agent: United Expo

All Day Conference & Plant Tour This year’s event kicks off May 18, with a full-day, pre-show conference program. Fastener Fair USA’s strategic partners at the Fastener Training Institute (FTI) and the Mid-West Fasteners Association (MDFA) were instrumental in developing the program. Starting with an opening keynote on Industry 4.0 by factory automation expert Georg Frey, president of Lignum Consulting, the conference then splits into three-track: •

Fasteners 101 presented by the Fastener Training Institute

•

Tom Reilly Training: Value Added Selling presented by the Mid-West Fasteners Association

•

Fasteners in the Smart Factory presented by Fastener Fair USA

Keynote Kicks Off 2-Day Exhibition Fastener Fair USA’s Expo runs May 19 and 20, opening at 10:00AM daily, and showcasing all major product lines and industry categories in the fastener and fixing sectors. To set the tone for the event, a 9:00AM general session titled, “Impact of Industry 4.0 on Fastener Firms,” will be presented by Yannick Shilly of Altix Consulting. Fastener Fair USA is designed to offer something for the entire fastener industry supply chain. This year’s show theme, “For all the industry, in the heart of manufacturing,” reflects Fastener Fair USA’s expanding mission to serve all industry segments that involve fasteners while bringing them together in one of the United States’ fastest growing manufacturing regions. Two days of free, on-the-expo-floor Industry Education Stage presentations will underscore this direction, with more than a dozen presenters examining everything from Blind Rivet Bolts, Import & Export Strategies, Smart Tools & Fasteners, to 3D Metal Printing.

Town Halls on Tariffs, Workforce Each day, the Industry Education Stage will conclude with an open forum style presentation and Q&A on two of the most pressing issues for the fastener industry: Tariffs - Where We Stand by legal expert Richard Wortman, Esq.; and Workforce Strategies, with a panel presentation by industry leaders from the Fastener Fair USA Advisory Board. Also taking place at the Industry Education Stage will be an ongoing resource for fastener business managers: on May 19 the Industrial Fasteners Institute and the Fastener Training Institute will present ASK THE EXPERTS. Specialists in a variety of aspects of the fastener and fixing business will field questions from the audience, beginning at the stage, then continuing from an adjacent ASK THE EXPERTS Booth #1237 for the duration of the show.

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Exhibition

Fastener Fair Mexico

06/24-25

Fastener Fair Mexico 2020, the only exhibition for the fastener and fixing industry in Latin America, will take place from 24 – 25 June 2020 at the venue Centro Citibanamex in Mexico City, with +3,500 sqm of exhibition space. Reed Exhibitions, world leading event organizer with more than 500 shows in 30 countries, across 43 industries, organize it. Around 100 companies from different countries secured their stand at the 6th International Exhibition for the Fastener and Fixing Industry as Germany, Belgium, Spain, United States. Asian exhibitors mainly come from China, India, Taiwan and Turkey.

Venue: Centro Citibanamex Fastener World at 523 Taiwan sales agent: Fastener World

The automotive and manufacturing industries represent a primary part of the GDP of different regions of the country, highlighting the central, “bajio” and north regions, where most of the investments are generated by these industries.

Products offer based on the demand that Mexico market requests: • Industrial fasteners and fixings

• Fastener manufacturing technology

• Construction fixings

• Storage, distribution, factory equipment

• Assembly and installation systems

• Information, communication and services

Committed to improving the B2B business platform in the 6th edition, we have three new areas launches to get better the experience in the event as to do business or find the products, services or the specific exhibitors.

1. Club Elite Progam It is a select group of top buyers with high decision and purchase power. Guests of Elite Club receive exclusive treatment, a personalized agenda, recommendations and special activities. • Decide who you meet: Be sure to spend your valuable time right with the right business partners to ensure your future business success. • Contact your prospects: We bring the customers that interest you. • Maximize your ROI: Efficiently attracting potential and new customers.

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2. Matchmaking Program We managed to advise buyers and exhibitors before and during the event to maximize their time during the exhibition. • Expand your exposure: We offer recommendations to visitors weeks before the event of exhibitors according to their interest. • Creating connections: We advise buyers in the show looking for products based on categories offered by each exhibitor. • Same opportunities: Take the opportunity to be found by potential customers.

3. Conferences Zone Knowledge program and the space has been improved to offer the best quality that attendees deserve. • Renewed Space: More friendly and comfortable space to improve the experience of the attendees. • New speakers: National and international keynotes covering topics as economy, foreign trade and fastener industry.

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Exhibition

Fastener Fair Thailand

06/24-27 Venue: BITEC Taiwan sales agent: Fastener World

Fastener Fair Thailand 2020 covers the complete spectrum of fastener and fixing technology; industrial fasteners and fixings, construction fixings, assembly and installation systems and fastener manufacturing technology. Visitors to the show are distributors, suppliers, engineers and other industry experts from a variety of sectors. Also incorporating with “Manufacturing Expo,” this exhibition grandeur will offer all-faceted dimensions of innovative machinery, state-of-the-art technologies and comprehensive services for all manufacturing sectors, making this event the real mid-year business platform where world’s famous brands and a wide variety of quality buyers from the ASEAN market will meet and make good deals here. Fasten your current market opportunities to cutting-edge technology upgrades for your next business success at the ‘Fasteners and Fixings’ show in Thailand.

As a pa r t of Ma nufact u ring Expo 20 20 -ASE A N’s L e a d i ng Ma ch i n e r y a n d Tech nology Event for Ma nufactu ring a nd Supporting Industries, joining us as exhibitor will enable you to reach out to over 100,000 industrialists who could become your future trade partners! Fixings and fasteners continue to receive a huge demand, and Thailand is recognized as the region’s largest exporter with an estimated demand to grow by 37% over the year 2015-2025.

Fastener Thailand exhibit profile are focused on Industrial Fasteners and Fixings, Construction Fixings, Assembly and Installation Systems, Fastener Manufacturing Technology, Storage, Distribution, Factory Equipment for Automotive, Aerospace, Electronic and Electrical Goods, Construction, General Engineering, HVAC, Air Conditioning, Energy and Power Generation, Metal Products, Furniture Manufacturing, Sanitary Ware and Plumbing, Installation Development, etc. This is the high time to step up your level of success. Don’t miss it!

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Exhibition

Fastener Poland

11/24-25

Venue: International Exhibition and Convention Centre EXPO Krakow Taiwan sales agent: Fastener World The International Trade Fair for Fasteners and Fixing Technology FASTENER POLAND® will be held for the fourth time on 24th-25th November at the EXPO Krakow. The exhibitors and visitors will have opportunity to present their offer, target potential business partners, initiate cross-border contacts and longlasting co-operations. Trade show will be accompanied by interesting seminars, workshops and conferences, including the Fasteners Forum, Career and Agent Area. The trade fair attracts more and more interest every year. Last year edition, 43% of all visitors came from abroad to look for new suppliers in Kraków. This huge potential is increasingly recognized by domestic exhibitors, who have good reason to feel glad today. Only in 2018, domestic exports of fastening elements increased by 19% to a level of PLN 1.8 billion (around 455.4 million USD), the fastest growth rate in 8 years.

Over two days, 210 exhibitors showcased their portfolios. Importantly, as many as 71% had come from abroad, from countries such as Austria, China, Czech Republic, France, Spain, the Netherlands, Japan, Slovenia, Sweden, Taiwan, Turkey, the USA, Great Britain and Italy. "Competition in the market is quite fierce and companies well know that they can't afford to stop looking for customers. The FASTENER POLAND® Trade Fair attracted 4,000 industry guests. That's 4,000 potential contractors", sums up Beata Łoś, Project Manager. The fourth edition the organizers announce is even bigger. Everyone interested can register online by November 20th and be rewarded with the receipt of a free admission ticket - more information at www.fastenerpoland.pl

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Exhibition

Vietnam Manufacturing Expo

08/12-14 Venue: I.C.E. Hanoi

Eager to be the market leader for running the factory of the future? Vietnam Manufacturing Expo 2020 will open your door to the largest machinery and supporting industry “face-to-face” event in Vietnam where your business will be taken care by various exclusive activities under Marketing Campaigns, Business Matchmaking Service, and Networking forums. Make a move to improve your business at VME 2020 during 12-14 August 2020 at I.C.E (Cung Van Hoa) 91 Tran Hung Dao, Hanoi, Vietnam. With the Rise of 5G in Manufacturing and Supporting Industry together with the 5G technology, the theme of Smart Manufacturing is widely welcomed by not only the professionals in the industrial field but also the business leaders that want to utilize all resources. When the Internet of Things (IoT) supports for the effective connection of equipment’s, the production line will become more easy-to-control from a remote area that helps maximize the human touch engagement at works. To discover all the updated solutions from Machinery Tools, Automation Technologies, Industrial Robots. Let’s come to see at VME 2020 and enjoy the show with new concept about the AoT (Automation of Things). FACTORY LOGISTIX 2020 – The International Exhibition on Factory Logistics and Warehousing Technology in Vietnam, first time organized by Reed Tradex, is expected to bring up supporting technologies and tools for upgrading factory to reach global standards, and meet the demand of a smart factory, including Assembly Automation, Pump & Valve, Material Handling, Electric and Lighting, Environmental Management, Factory Security & IT and Construction & Maintenance Solutions,... The warehouse meet-up event will be a one in a millions destination to offer Vietnam manufacturers 4.0 weapons for grabbing all business potential. Co-located with Vietnam Manufacturing Expo 2020 – the Vietnam’s Leading Exhibition on Machinery and Technology for Manufacturing and Supporting Industries, FACTORY LOGISTIX 2020 will provide industrialists and business owners the new faces of modern manufacturing and a glance of how factory of the future looks like.

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Exhibition

Taiwan International Fastener Show

10/14-16

Venue: Kaohsiung Exhibition Center Fastener World at: N1307a The scale of the world's third largest and Asia's second largest Taiwan International Fastener Show 2020 has reached a new high. Currently, more than 420 manufacturers will use nearly 1,200 booths. In addition to extending the exhibition area to the conference rooms and corridors on the third floor, an outdoor exhibition area has been planned for the first time. Various fasteners, screws, nuts, production equipment, fastener tools, molds, testing equipment and wire-related products and services will be exhibited. Interested vendors are welcome to visit and register in advance. The last exhibition attracted 2,193 international buyers from 73 countries, which is 10% higher than the previous exhibition. The number of domestic and foreign visitors exceeded 30,000. In 2020, fastener companies from Germany, Belgium, Spain, Singapore and Hong Kong have registered for the exhibition. The degree of internationalization will increase. I n addition to t he excha nges du r i ng t he exhibition, the Global Fastener Summit is also an important platform for exchange between attendees. This year will focus on the development and innovation of fastener products, explore the application of fasteners in the automotive, aerospace, and medical industries, and invite global industry leaders to come to Taiwan to promote the industry. Furthermore, during the exhibition, oneon-one procurement meetings and overseas talent matchmaking meetings will be held to strengthen cooperation opportunities and become more competitive globally.

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Industry Focus

The Analysis of Canada’s Fastener Trade in 2019 by Sharareh Shahidi Hamedani

Introduction Canada is the world's second largest country in terms of territor y and has the 10th largest economy in the world. In 2019, Canada reached a population of about 36.7 million. It has the 17th largest GDP (1.8 trillion USD) in the world. Its GDP per capita is 48,265 USD, mainly contributed by the service sector (70.2%), the industry sector (28.2%), and the agriculture sector (1.6%). Canada's economic freedom score is 77.7, making its economy the 8th freest in the 2019 Index. Based on the GDP segmentation, Canada generated the amount of 488 billion USD from the industry section.

Canada’s Fastener Statistics Canada imported 1.643 billion USD worth of fasteners in 2018 and the figure increased about 0.9% in 2019 to about 1.66 billion USD. Its exported fastener value was 583 million USD in 2018 and this value was augmented by 4.5% in 2019.

Canada’s Fastener Import The following Graph 1 and Table 1 indicate “the quarterly fluctuations of Canada’s imported fastener values.” The base period is Q1 2018.

Table 1. Quarterly Fluctuations of Canada’s Imported Fastener Values in 2018-2019 2018

2019

Import from the World

Unit: 1,000 USD

397,475

440,408

407,495

398,101

415,286

437,256

418,441

387,115

Fluctuation

10.8%

-7.5%

-2.3%

4.3%

5.3%

-4.3%

-7.5%

Acc. fluctuation

10.8%

3.3%

1.0%

5.3%

10.6%

6.3%

-1.2%

Graph 1. Quarterly Fluctuations of Canada’s Imported Fastener Values in 2018-2019

The right-hand graph depicts that the positively rising trend of the imported fasteners market in Canada, can be interpreted in a way that although in year 2019, Canada's market evolved 0.9% bigger than its previous year (2018) but the trend unveils that this expansion can be unstable and volatile in year 2020, in other word, to the best of the author's knowledge Canada may possess a smaller market.

USA- the Main Fastener Import Origin to Canada • Graph 2 demonstrates the market share of U.S. fasteners in Canada’s market. Its percentage in the 1st quarter of 2018 was the highest (reaching 51.6%) and its percentage in the 4th quarter of 2018 is the lowest (reaching 48.1%).

Table 2. Quarterly Fluctuations of Canada’s Imported Fastener Values from USA in 2018-2019 Exporter

USA

2018

2019

Unit: 1000 USD

204,963

213,225

197,254

191,623

210,200

217,702

212,666

198,388

% in Canada's total import

51.6%

48.4%

48.1%

50.6%

49.8%

50.8%

51.2%

Fluctuation

-6.1%

0.0%

-0.6%

5.2%

-1.6%

2.1%

0.8%

Acc. fluctuation

-6.1%

-6.7%

-1.5%

-3.2%

-1.1%

-0.3%

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Industry Focus Graph 2. Quarterly Fluctuations of Canada’s Imported Fastener Values from USA in 2018-2019

• U.S. export to Canada in the 2nd quarter of 2019 reached the highest record at 217.7 million USD. • The 4th quarter of 2018 shows the lowest value of imported fasteners from USA and the value was around 191.6 million USD. • In the 4th quarter of 2019, the U.S. had lost its market share by 0.3% since the 1st quarter of 2018. The trend of U.S. market share was almost stable for about 50%, hence, it can be estimated that the import of fasteners will be diminished in the 1st quarter of 2020.

Taiwan- the 2nd Biggest Fastener Import Origin to Canada • Graph 3 shows the market share of Taiwanese fasteners in Canada’s market. Its percentages in the 2nd and 3rd quarters of 2018 were both the highest (reaching 15.7%) and the percentage in the 4th quarter of 2019 was the lowest, reaching 13.2%. • Taiwanese export to Canada in the 2nd quarter of 2018 reached the highest record at 69.3 million USD. • The 4th quarter of 2019 shows the lowest value of imported fasteners from Taiwan and the value was 50.9 million USD. • In the 4th quarter of 2019, Taiwan had lost its market share by 1.4% since the 1st quarter of 2018.

Table 3. Quarterly Fluctuations of Canada’s Imported Fastener Values from Taiwan in 2018-2019 Exporter

Taiwan

2018

2019

Unit: 1000 USD

54,021

69,295

64,139

60,602

59,671

63,872

60,880

50,911

% in Canada's total import

13.6%

15.7%

15.2%

14.4%

14.6%

14.5%

13.2%

Fluctuation

15.8%

0.0%

-3.3%

-5.6%

1.7%

-0.4%

-9.6%

Acc. fluctuation

15.8%

12.5%

6.9%

8.6%

8.2%

-1.4%

The trend of Taiwan’s market share was around 14.5%, so it is predicted that the import of fasteners from Taiwan will be enhanced in the 1st quarter of 2020.

Graph 3. Quarterly Fluctuations of Canada’s Imported Fastener Values from Taiwan in 2018-2019

China- The 3rd Biggest Fastener Import Origin to Canada • Graph 4 demonstrates the market share of Chinese fasteners in Canada’s market. Its percentage in the 4th quarter of 2018 was the highest, reaching 14.1% and the percentage in the 1st quarter of 2018 was the lowest, reaching 11.9%. • China’s export to Canada in the 2nd quarter of 2019 reached the highest record at 58.9 million USD. • The 1st quarter of 2018 shows the lowest value of imported fasteners from China and the value was 47.1 million USD. • In the 4th quarter of 2019, China had expanded its market share by 5.9% since the 1st quarter of 2018.

Table 4. Quarterly Fluctuations of Canada’s Imported Fastener Values from China in 2018-2019 Exporter

China

346

2018

2019

Unit: 1000 USD

47,132

57,424

55,271

56,039

53,083

58,863

52,741

48,026

% in Canada's total import

11.9%

13.0%

13.6%

14.1%

12.8%

13.5%

12.6%

12.4%

Fluctuation

10.0%

4.0%

3.8%

-9.2%

5.3%

-6.4%

-1.6%

Acc. fluctuation

10.0%

14.0%

17.8%

8.6%

13.9%

7.5%

5.9%

Fastener World no.181/2020

Industry Focus Graph 4. Quarterly Fluctuations of Canada’s Imported Fastener Values from China in 2018-2019

The trend of Chinese market share can be stable to 13.5%, so it is predicted that the import of fasteners will increase in the 1st quarter of 2020.

Canada’s Fastener Export USA- The Main Market for Canada’s Fastener Export • Graph 5 shows the share of USA in Canada’s fastener export. Its percentage in the 4th quarter of 2018 was the highest, reaching 82.3% and the percentage in the 4th quarter of 2019 was the lowest, reaching 79.6%. • Canada’s export to the U.S. in the 2nd quarter of 2019 reached the highest record at 107.9 million USD. • The 4th quarter of 2019 shows the lowest value of exported fasteners to USA and the value was 94.4 million USD. • In the 4th quarter of 2019, Canada had lost its share in its fastener export to USA by 0.7% since the 1st quarter of 2018.

Table 5. Quarterly Fluctuations of Canada’s Exported Fastener Values to USA in 2018-2019 Importer

USA

2018

2019

Unit: 1000 USD

99,077

97,522

95,084

99,669

106,127

107,862

99,765

94,437

% in Canada's total export

80.2%

80.8%

82.3%

80.6%

82.0%

81.0%

79.6%

Fluctuation

0.7%

0.0%

1.9%

-2.0%

1.7%

-1.2%

-1.8%

Acc. fluctuation

0.7%

0.8%

2.6%

0.6%

2.3%

1.1%

-0.7%

The trend of U.S. share in Canada’s fastener export can be stable at 81.0%, so it is anticipated that the export of fasteners to USA will increase in the 1st quarter of 2020.

Graph 5. Quarterly Fluctuations of Canada’s Exported Fastener Values to USA in 2018-2019

Summary Export to Canada Table 6 reveals that Canada has imported over 50% of its fastener requirement from USA. Taiwan as the 2nd biggest fastener import origin to Canada has gained a 14.2% share in Canada’s fastener import, and China, considered as the 3rd biggest fastener import origin, gained a 12.8% share.

Table 6. Top 3 Countries Exporting Fasteners to Canada in 2018-2019 Exporters USA Average Share of USA Taiwan Average Share of Taiwan China Average Share of China

2018 807,065 49.10% 248,057 15.10% 215,866 13.10%

2019 838,956 50.60% 235,334 14.20% 212,713 12.80%

Table 7. Top 2 Countries Importing Fasteners from Canada in 2018-2019 Importer

2018

2019

USA

391,352

408,191

Average Share of USA

81.0%

80.8%

Mexico

17,766

22,134

Average Share of Mexico

3.7%

4.4%

Import from Canada USA is involved in trading with Canada and it is considered as the main market for Canada’s fastener industry. It should be highlighted that 81% of Canada’s export has been taken by U.S. consumers in 2018; however, this share decreased about 0.2% in 2019. Mexico’s share as the 2nd largest market for Canada’s fastener export, was 3.7% in 2018 and increased by 0.7% in 2019. Meanwhile, the import statistics depict that U.S. market is placed as the major market for Canada’s fasteners; the other countries only purchase about 20% of Canada’s exported fasteners.

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