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FU HUI SCREW INDUSTRY CO., LTD. FUKUNG HARDWARE CO., LTD. 福 輝 螺 絲 工 廠 股 份 有 限 公 司
Stainless Steel Bolts
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Special Screws & Bolts
高 雄市岡山區嘉興里嘉華路21號 NO. 21 JIAHUA ROAD, GANGSHAN, KAOHSIUNG, 82056, TAIWAN T E L: 886-7-628 1547 FAX: 886-7-628 2117 E-mail: fht@ms39.hinet.net; enquiry@fuhui.com.tw WEB: www.fuhui.com.tw; www.fastener-world.com.tw/fuhui
IATF 16949 ISO 9001
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TEL:886-3-411-6616 FAX:886-3-411-6227
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Cover Story
Hyodong Machine Breaks World Record with the Arrival of
HBP-6220UL Super-Large Bolt Part Former!
Provided by Hyodong, recompiled by Dean Tseng, Fastener World
Hyodong Machine manufactures cold forging machines designed to produce nuts, bolts and all essential parts needed in industry fields such as automotive, electronics, construction and energy. Hyodong was founded in 1983 to produce rolling machines, pointing machines, heading machines and a variety of forging machines. In 1990, Hyodong developed a multistage former for the first time in the domestic forging industry which relied on expensive foreign machines. In 1993, Hyodong made a technical aid contract with Sakamura to combine advanced technology of both sides to become the best former maker in the industry occupying over 90% of the domestic market share. In the 21st century, Hyodong invests in the expansion of factory and high-tech facilities to produce better quality machines for customers.
Brace Yourself for the New Wonder of the Industry On June 12, 2018, Hyodong announced the completion of the world’s first and largest former called “HBP-6220UL”, a six-station machine with a forging load of 2200 tons, cut-off diameter of 55 mm and cut-off length of 100 to 450mm. The machine’s punch size is Dia. 210 x 550 mm. The die sizes for stations one to four and station six are Dia. 280 x 550 mm, and Dia. 300 x 550 mm for station five. Its knock-out is 60 to 400 mm, PKO is
150 mm and ram stroke is 780 mm. The weight of the machine is 420 tons, which is twice as heavy as HBP-650. The parts produced by HBP-6220UL in a pre-acceptance test were transmission shafts. In the past, the parts would have to be produced by a press or hot former, but now the arrival of HBP-6220UL has made it possible to produce with a cold former. The length of the parts is 410 mm and diameter of the flange is 115 mm. The parts were produced at a rate of 45 rpm in continuous production.
Static Pressure System & Top-Level Machine Structure Hydraulic pressure of 18 kg/cm 2 between the ram and liner is applied for optimum straightness, and this an option that guarantees concentricity of 0.03 mm. In addition, HBP6220UL comes with the impact cutting system, slow jog system, air balance system, dead point elimination device, refeeding device and SPS system. The main body of HBP-6220UL is made of SC460 which is the best cast steel. The components
105 Machine Frame
have been cast, forged and machined by Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction which provides the most valuable casting technology in Korea.
Main Gear
The Nitty-Gritty Machine Frame—The total weight of the post-casting machine frame was 210 tons. After precise machining done on a five-face milling machine from Waldrich, which is the best large machine maker, the total weight was 185 tons. Main Gear—The main gear was fabricated in a forging process. Its weight was 75 tons after forging, and then became 19 tons after the inner and outer diameters were machined. Made as a double helical gear, it is manufactured to the highest quality and engineered to harness utmost power. Additionally, the gear is designed with a balanced structure to minimize the vibration of the machine.
Crank Shaft
Crank Shaft—Shape forging of 45 tons was completed for the crank shaft. The crank shaft produced with a cycle stroke of 780 mm had a 40 ton forging weight and a 32 ton weight after the work. The center diameter of the crank shaft is 900 mm. Ram—Considering the tooling design for the test part’s characteristics (1500 ton forging load was needed at station five), the ram takes an asymmetrical design to obtain stability and prevent unbalanced loads (original station number one). Also, the static pressure system was adjusted to prevent excessive load on the ram liner due to unbalanced loads.
Hyodong Quality & International Recognition To ensure reliable quality for customers, Hyodong makes around 80% of its formers’ components in its own manufacturing plant. Hyodong has the technology to manufacture customized machines for various customers and the biggest facilities. Its products are exported to many countries including Germany and Japan which means that its excellence of the quality is internationally recognized. Hyodong will keep developing technology to satisfy customers and become a maker of best quality machines in the world.
Ram
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Certificate of Registration
Certificate of Registration
This certifies that the Quality Management System of
This certifies that the Quality Management System of
Q-Nuts Industrial Corp.
Q-Nuts Industrial Corp.
has been assessed by NSF-ISR and found to be in conformance to the following standard(s):
has been assessed by NSF-ISR and found to be in conformance to the following standard(s):
IATF 16949:2016
ISO 9001:2015
Scope of Registration:
Scope of Registration:
Manufacture of nuts and metal parts.
DR
DR
Manufacture of nuts and metal parts.
Certificate Number: Certificate Issue Date: Registration Date: Expiration Date *:
Exclusions: Product design.
IATF Certificate Number: 0277634 Certificate Number: 1835-TS10 Certificate Issue Date: 06-NOV-2017 Registration Date: 01-NOV-2017 Expiration Date *: 31-OCT-2020
AF T
No. 193-1, Lane 315, Sec. 1, Erren Road, Rende District, Tainan, Taiwan
AF T
No. 193-1, Lane 315, Sec. 1, Erren Road, Rende District, Tainan, Taiwan
Carl Blazik, Director, Technical Operations & Business Units, NSF-ISR, Ltd.
1835-IS1 06-NOV-2017 01-NOV-2017 31-OCT-2020
Carl Blazik, Director, Technical Operations & Business Units, NSF-ISR, Ltd.
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Focus This Month
Feature: Small Screws Suppliers edited by Fastener World
Fasteners are required where there exists a need to fix two separate parts together and they (especially “small screws” with multiple variations) can be seen almost in any industry sectors. Precision electronics screws, wood screws, self-drilling screws and many other customized parts in response to the fast changing industries are all variations of small screws. In the highly mature Taiwanese fastener industry, quality has become a requisite and many local businesses have also developed their own customized manufacturing procedures. With above-the-level experience and technology, Taiwanese companies are all very pleased to provide assistance in R&D. Also, with such a sincere attitude, Taiwanese manufacturers are willing to be a contributor behind those successful leaders and help the int’l giants play a significant role in the global market. According to the statistics of Taiwan Industrial Fasteners Institute, the total fastener export from Taiwan in 2018 reached 1.681 million tons, up 5.3% from 2017 and the average unit price also hiked nearly 7.1%. The export volumes of wood screws and self-tapping screws increased by 11.1%-11.6% and the unit prices also increased by 7.2%-8.3%. Facing the price competition from other emerging fastener exporters such as China and Vietnam, Taiwan still maintains growing export in both volume and value, which shows the continuous improvement of Taiwanese fastener industry in technology and its outstanding product quality. This time we are pleased to have Pro-Visa (Lin) Int’l Corp., Ably Screw Ltd., JC Grand Corp. , Diing Sen Fasteners Industrial Co., Ltd. , Fu Kai Fastener Enterprise Co., Ltd., and J.I. Morris (a division of Swissturn/USA) joining us to
share their effort in manufacturing high quality small screws.
Focus This Month
Adhering to Quality, Honesty and Competitive Prices in Business-
Diing Sen Fasteners Industrial Co., Ltd.
by Nai Wen Chang, Fastener World
Diing Sen Fasteners Industrial Co., Ltd. is a company capable of helping customers develop customized small screws. Despite challenges ahead, President Holland Wang with years of experience in small screws and passion maintains close collaboration with threading plates, molds, and dies factories to solve customers' problems. With up to 4,000 tons of monthly capacity, Diing Sen mainly produces screws made of low carbon steel/stainless steel/solid brass, chipboard screws, construction screws, drywall screws, wood screws, self-tapping screws, machine screws and special screws. Materials used can be as per customers' request and fasteners are available in diameters of 0.8mm-12mm and lengths of 3mm~600mm.
Led by the Management with Professional Background to Enhance Quality Continuously Founded in 1981, Diing Sen, is also accredited to ISO9001, ISO14000 and CE. It has two plants in Taiwan, two in Vietnam and one in China, with more than 2,000 employees in total. Diing Sen's quality assurance division functions under the strict supervision of the company's president. In addition to the QA division, Diing Sen also has a technical center specifically responsible for the R&D of high value-added products. The company is planning to apply for TS16949 in order to ensure its competitive strength. With a degree in a mechanical engineering department, President Wang runs the company with his professional background and practical attitude toward customer service, making lots of foreign customers willing to maintain longterm collaboration with Diing Sen. Collaborating with many associate upstream and downstream factories in Taiwan, Diing Sen can absolutely satisfy global demand and offer various and fast manufacturing solutions.
Global Presence and Capabilities to Offer Large Volumes and Any Dimensions With an aim at marketing its superior products around the world, each operation of Diing Sen supplies specially designated markets for local demand, while its two plants in Taipei and Kaohsiung supply U.S. market. As for the plant based in Jiansu (China), it supplies the whole domestic demand in China as well as certain industries in Japan. However, the value of products supplied to the “certain” industries in Japan per month also means more than US$ 1 million worth of orders. In terms of Europe, President Wang set up a 160,000 sq. m plant in Vietnam at the beginning of 2000 for supplying the European market, which produces low carbon steel screws and can process wire drawing, annealing, forging, rolling, hardening, electroplating, coating and packaging. Its monthly capacity includes more than 2,500 tons of bolts/nuts/special parts and 500 tons of stainless steel screws. The plant in Vietnam not only shows the most outstanding production & sales records amongst its other plants, but is also the only one plant of Diing Sen capable of completing all manufacturing processes from wire drawing to the final packaging. All solutions for surface treatment used in Diing Sen’s plants are internationally licensed and compliant with environmental protection regulations and quality requirements. President Wang said, “Keeping talented people in the company is a key to maintaining good quality. From our forefront sales to the final packaging workers, all of our employees adhere to the principle of quality, which shows our technique and experience and establishes the reputation for Contact: David Wang our quality.” Quality is the basis for a company’s sustainable operation, while expertise and service are both critical factors for Email：lihlin88@ms36.hinet.net winning customers’ trust.
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Customizing the Best Suited Fastener for You-
Pro-Visa (Lin) Int’l Corp.
material provided by Pro-Visa & edited by Nai Wen Chang, Fastener World
Several purchasers used to hesitate before choosing their own cooperative traders or manufacturers, as most of the time they do not trust in traders’ knowledge of fastener manufacturing and their capabilities of offering high quality products. In terms of choosing manufacturers, they are also concerned about that demand cannot be 100% satisfied due to the complexity and diversity of fastener and peripheral industries. What if they can get both, which means getting one who has the trader’s ability to make coordination and the manufacturer’s profession to conduct manufacturing? If this could come into reality, not only time and cost can be saved, but also all manufacturing procedures can be appropriately supervised by professional managers.
Yielding Twice the Result with Half the Effort / Integrating All Your Needs to One Single Contact Distinguished from general traders, Pro-Visa (Lin) Int’l Corp. implements its quality control process from the very beginning of material sourcing, as according to President Lin, who has been dedicated to fastener manufacturing for so long, the most critical part in manufacturing high-quality small screws is not only the manufacturing technique, but also the quality of materials and the results of secondary processing. Moreover, with the introduction of standardized quality inspection systems for strict quality control before shipments, as well as the advantage as a manufacturer and trader, Pro-Visa is able to create a “No need to worry!” supply route for customers. In order to effectively handle with customers’ inquiries , President Lin then carried out a “Flat Management,” which is to integrate sales and manufacturing to a single contact and organize a professional team well-experienced in manufacturing technology to fast provide customers with the optimal solutions.
Adhering to Quality Stability and Being Highly Flexible for Any R&D Demand Always adhering to the principles of stable quality and a complete range of service in business, Pro-Visa currently is also able to provide customizing service in addition to carbon steel/SS wood screws, selfdrilling screws and self-tapping screws, to help customers increase their market share. While extending its business reach, Pro-Visa has also introduced the ISO 9001 quality management system to consolidate its collaboration with customers. Thus far, the American market has represented more than 80% in Pro-Visa’s global sales. Other than the American market, extending its business reach to the EU and the Middle East markets is also underway. President Lin herein stressed, “Confronted by the price-cutting challenge from China and Southeast Asia, Taiwanese fastener industry, in addition to the reinforcement of technique, definitely has to fully utilize its industrial clustering advantage, integrate resources, form alliances with other businesses, and enhance the competitiveness of products. Pro-Visa sets no boundaries for its business at all and is capable of manufacturing various products, which are all for providing more service selection to customers.”
Contact: Ms. Sarah Lin Email：sarahlin@provisa.com.tw
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Small Screw Maker Resolving Damaged and Stripped Threads-
Fu Kai Fastener Enterprise Co., Ltd.
by Nai Wen Chang, Fastener World
Fu Kai offers a complete line of small screws. In addition to machine screws, its primary products in the small screw category include selftapping screws, trilobular thread screws, PT screws, Clinching Series (PEM Series) and Welding Studs. These screws are designed to fasten plastic parts and metal parts. They are heat treated to have enough strength so there is very little occurrence of stripped threads during fastening. Fu Kai is particularly stringent about the quality of small screws, and its products do not cause stripped threads in fastening.
Smooth Fastening, Delicate Design, Flexible Uses Fu Kai helps clients develop more visually appealing and durable small screws, and helps them improve the fineness of products and satisfaction of end-users. “Our small screws are used in various industries, mostly automobiles, furniture, and sheet metal. Products today are expected to be more visually appealing, compact and delicate. Small screws in service can reduce volume and are easy to hide, giving developers more flexibility to design their uses. Used with firmly fixed mating parts, the screws can have additional endurance and therefore increase buyers’ confidence in us,” said General Manager Bruce Chen. Since the time of inception, apart from manufacturing screws, Fu Kai has been targeted to providing clients with fastening solutions. “Most clients found they had no one to ask when they had problems in fastening with mating parts after they purchased the screws, or the lack of knowledge of screw’s and mating part’s properties in the design phase led to a halt of the assembly line in the manufacturing phase. To tackle this, the founder of Fu Kai began to participate in discussing with the product development department and give developers reference of related technique and material properties. As a manufacturer, Fu Kai can develop clients’ desired tooling on its own, so it can help clients speed up product development. Additionally, the production line will not be forced to stop during mass-production, thereby increasing clients’ production efficiency.”
and optical sorting machines this year. These equipment is expected to reduce the cost for sorting, improve quality and create better prices for clients. Having improved equipment not only allows for accuracy and speedy inspection, but also significantly decreases defection and increases clients’ trust. In addition to ISO9001, EQA, ANAB ISO17025 among other certificates, Fu Kai is planning to improve the quality of production line by applying for ISO16949. “Our automotive parts clients are from the after market. With their recognition on our products, our improvement on production line and our certificates, we will have better advantages in investing in the automotive components market in the future.” The whole manufacturing process from material feeding, production to packaging are inspected to maintain stable quality . Fu Kai’s products are sold to Asia, Europe, the Americas among other regions and its small screw lineup mainly includes machine screws, self-tapping screws, PT screws, high-low screws, Clinching Series (PEM Series) and Welding Studs.
Adequate Capacity to Supply High-End Automotive Screw Market Fu Kai has sufficient capacity to produce the desired amount that clients need for a specified deadline. The current monthly capacity is over 20,000,000 pcs and up to a maximum of 50,000,000 pcs depending on orders. With particular focus on quality control, Fu Kai uses 2D projectors and has purchased 2.5D measuring machines, hardness testers
Contact: General Manager Bruce Chen Email：fukai.ht@msa.hinet.net
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Quick Delivery! The Expert in Precision S.S. Screws-
Ably Screw Ltd.
by Nai Wen Chang, Fastener World
Ably Screw is a company with a full knowledge of electronic screws demanded by many of the fast growing Taiwanese industries. As Ably Screw realizes the growing market demand, it then extended its products portfolio to cover M1.4-1.7 small screws and tries to supply customers ready-to-ship products and offer quick delivery service. Moreover, in order to further improve its technology of electronic screws, Ably Screw and its in-house technicians also devote themselves to R&D and technique enhancement. Looking forward, it is also planning to dedicate themselves to the R&D of Micrometer Screws (M1.0-M1.2).
Efficient and Innovative with the Ability to Customize Special Screws as Per Request
PT Ø2.0~5.0
Ably Screw is well-known for its quick delivery of samples and the ability to develop innovative products, both of which make it the best supporter to customers eager to seek for high efficiency and innovation on the fast-changing market. Always considering customers’ profit priority, Ably Screw is able to manufacture a diverse range of complicate products in low volumes as per customer’s request. Thus far, it has successfully manufactured for customers many customized products, such as special SEM washers (DIN6900 Z4-Z1), small PT threaded screws, and electronic screws. It offers a comprehensive range of various precision and SEM screws in stock.
SEMS Screws
Ably Screw, which is confident of its quick delivery and excellent technique, was once requested by a customer to manufacture a type of screw covering three processes, through cold forging, slotting and turning and ship the sample within 30 days. Facing the increasing demand for customization, Ably Screw continues to improve its technology and knowledge and help customers create more competitive products.
M1.4~M2.2
M2.0~M10
Double International Certification and Strict Quality Control Being fastidious about quality management, Ably Screw is not only approved to ISO9001:2015 and EN-CE 14592, but also adopts strict quality control in different processes (including first-sample inspection, in-process inspection and finished products inspection) and stores data into a computer system for future traceability. In addition, Ably Screw calibrates its instruments periodically and has increased more inspection instruments, such as Penetration Gage PHIL #0, Torx-T3~T6, etc.
Saving Time for Customers and a Wide Range of Product Applications Currently Ably Screw sells 80% of its products to Taiwan, 15% to Europe and the rest of 5% to America & Other Regions, and most of the products sold are S.S. screws. Ably Screw’s products are widely used in various applications, such as public construction and different fastening technology. In addition to standard products, Ably Screw can also manufacture customized reinforced-torque screws (A4-80S.S.) and relevant others with anti-corrosion coatings. With over 25 years of manufacturing experience, Ably Screw has confidence in satisfying all customers’ requests.
Besides the industries it gets involved in, Ably Screw also expects to develop fasteners for more different industries. It is now planning to launch the R&D projects for small SEM screws (M2 & M2.5) and PT screws (M1.6-M2) in anticipation of create value for more industries. Flexible processes scheduling and lead times for customized S.S. screws within around 30 to 40 days enable Ably Screw to create more strengths for customers.
Contact: Allan Dai Email：master@ably-screw.com
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Multiple International Certification Approvals and Strict Quality Control-
JC Grand Corp.
by Nai Wen Chang, Fastener World
JC Grand was established in 1978 and is a leading manufacturer and exporter of industrial metal fasteners and hardware components. For over 40 years, the company has been serving customers globally with an extensive line of high quality screws, nuts, bolts, washers, anchors, and customized hardware products from wholly-owned factories in Taiwan and China.
Quality Control and Accreditation JC Grand is one of a few fastener suppliers with an A2LA accredited ISO 17025 compliant quality inspection lab. All of JC Grand factories are certified with ISO 9001 and CE EN14592. In addition, its Taiwan operation also has an IATF 16949 certification. The quality system is fully integrated with JC Grand’s SAP R3 operations management software, and includes provisions for part revision management control, production lot traceability, process capability and control, and much more.
Professional Services JC Grand offers design, engineering and custom manufacturing services to custom specifications. Many component specifications do not fit neatly into a standard category, but JC Grand is staffed with engineers who can offer design suggestions to solve real world problems. The company is also experienced with coming up with packaging solutions to meet customer needs.
Management Team and Staff JC Grand’s management team includes native English speakers with extensive experience working in, and with, Fortune 500 companies. The general manager received his degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Caltech and was a principal engineer at Boeing. The VP of Operations worked for Hewlett Packard prior to joining JC Grand. The entire staff, including those in sales, engineering, production, and logistics, is trained in the goal of consistently meeting customer expectations both in product quality and customer experience.
Optical Sorting In addition to its extensive line of production equipment, JC Grand factories are equipped with automated, high-speed optical and roller sorting machines in both Taiwan and China. The Taiwan operation also has an automatic warehouse and semi-automatic packaging stations that allow for high throughput and efficiency.
Summary For these reasons, JC Grand has been one of the most reliable manufacturers and suppliers in the fastener industry. For more information, please visit www.jcgrand.com or contact the company via e-mail at sales@jcgrand.com.
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World Leader in Miniature Screw Threads
J.I. MORRIS COMPANY Joins Forces with SWISSTURN/USA J.I. Morris Company was founded in 1920 as a supplier to the optical industry. In the 1960’s, the company started manufacturing miniature screws for precision instruments. It was involved in writing the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards for miniature screw threads. J.I. Morris Company became a leader in the manufacturing of miniature screws with thread sizes from 0000-160 and 0.5 UNM.
by Dean Tseng, Fastener World
Miniature Fastener Line Purchased by Swissturn
Ken Mandile
In 2017, the miniature fastener line of J.I. Morris Company was purchased by Swissturn/USA, a CNC Swiss screw machine job shop located in Oxford Mass. Established in 1987, Swissturn is a world-class precision Swiss screw machine products manufacturer, providing machining services to a wide variety of industries, including medical instruments, laboratory instruments, business machines, automotive components, etc. The scope of purchase included the fastener line of miniature number and UNM screws, self-tapping screws, hex nuts, flat washers, and turned parts from J.I. Morris.
Joining Forces Opens New Opportunities for Swissturn So how and why did J.I. Morris and Swissturn decide to join forces? In a Fastener World interview with Ken Mandile, who has been working in the screw machine industry since he was 10 years old (50 years ago) and is now President of Swissturn/USA, Inc., said, “Swissturn’s primary business is manufacturing of high precision miniature components in mid to high volume, so the product line of J.I. Morris fits very well with the company’s competencies. In addition, customers of miniature fasteners often need custom precision machined components for their products, so the purchase of J.I. Morris has opened other opportunities for Swissturn.” On the benefits from this purchase, Ken added, “Combined with the technologically advanced machining capabilities of Swissturn, we offer customers same day shipment, reliable quality, and superior customer service. 100% of our products are made in the USA at our facility in Massachusetts.”
10 Million Miniature Fasteners in Stock in Various Sizes The J.I. Morris Miniature Fastener Division of Swissturn manufactures and distributes over 300 standard miniature screw, nut, washer, and threaded rod sizes and types. Sizes start at 0000-160 and go up to 2-56 and from 0.50 UNM to 1.2 UNM. The standard screws, washers, threaded rod, and nuts are available in brass and 303 stainless steel. Screw head types in flat fillister, oval filister, flat head, hex, and slotted round head. J.I. Morris does not stock Phillips head or socket head screws. It stocks brass and stainless steel threaded rod in one foot lengths. The best-selling products are self-tapping flat head stainless steel screws used by research laboratories. Larger thread sizes are done by custom order by Swissturn. “Manufacturers of precision instruments and medical devices are the largest market segment for our stainless steel miniature screws. Brass screws are commonly used by hobbyists. Our miniature self-tapping screws are used by neurobiology research laboratories, medical research centers, and university laboratories all over the world,” said Ken.
High Quality + Material Traceability + Plating Service Swissturn has been ISO 9001 registered since 1997. In 2017, it was registered to the ISO 9001:2015 standard. It offers material traceability on most of its products. Its core business is high precision turned parts for the medical device, defense, laser, and industrial industries, so it is used to the demanding quality requirements of these customers. Additionally, J.I. Morris Miniature Fasteners will plate its standard products upon request. “We do not stock our fasteners plated, but we will take special orders. Common plating requests are for nickel, gold or silver plating, though we
will consider almost any request. All of our stainless steel products are passivated.” In addition, Swissturn will manufacture many of J.I. Morris’ standard fasteners out of other materials on request, including steel, aluminum, plastic, and silver.
New J.I. Morris Website to Come up in June Ken said he expects to be launching a new J.I. Morris web-site in June. “The website will be integrated with our enterprise resource planning (ERP) software to allow for a better customer experience when ordering online. The website will also include drawings on all of our products.” With nearly 50 years of contribution to the industry, Ken still sees new challenges in need of innovative solutions and looks forward to expanding the product line in 2019.
J.I. Morris Miniature Fastener & Swissturn/USA, Inc. contact: Michelle Duval E-mail: jimorris@swissturn.com
Focus This Month
Feature
Construction Fasteners Suppliers edited by Fastener World
C
onstruction fasteners are critical parts highly relevant to public safety. From the highstrength fasteners used in the buildup of scaffolds to ensure work safety to others used in building structures, all of them may be influenced by various environmental factors like humidity, earthquakes, low temperature or extreme dry weather. As a result, construction fastener manufacturers in response to the evolving engineering technology continue to upgrade their product design, improve the load capacity & tensile strength of products, and develop lighter and more easy-to-use fasteners, which are strictly tested, processed with highend technology, and compliant with safety standards. These products always feature antibreakage, anti-slippery, anti-deformation, anti-loosening and anti-rust, which are not required by some other fasteners. This time we are pleased to have 4 companies focusing on the area of construction fasteners joining this feature, which include Joker Industrial Co., Ltd., King Century Group Co., Ltd., Sucoot Co., Ltd. and Hsien Sun Industry Co., Ltd. The commonly used anchors usually show excellent fastening performance in concrete and are widely used in several buildings. Many companies have also found their niche in certain areas. For example, some may be specialized in design and manufacture of anchor nuts, some may be specialized in CNC machined anchors and some others may have developed their own world-class scaffold systems. Different products are complementary to each other in various applications, which are all for achieving better and safer construction.
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The Wizard at Construction Fastener Design
Joker Industrial Co., Ltd. by Nai Wen Chang, Fastener World Dubbed by many of his customers “the wizard,” President Pang Ching Huang of Joker Industrial Co., Ltd. has always got quite a few innovative ideas for improving customers’ products and procedures on his mind. In addition to understanding what customers’ needs are, Joker could even develop new products for customers to satisfy their engineering demand and is happy in doing it at all times, which may be why its customers are also willing to exchange their innovative ideas for products with Joker.
A Wide Range of Construction Fasteners Featuring Patented Design and Excellent Performance Joker’s “Sissy Stud” is well-known for its 3 different patented threads, which help generate very strong engagement while the screw is being drilled into concrete and offer more excellent pull-out force and anti-seismic & anti-loosening performance compared to other well-known brands. Sissy Studs are installed with high torque by power tools, which can greatly enhance work efficiency. Considering the total cost of construction projects and high wage levels in Europe and USA, Joker has been quite active for years in promoting this type of concrete anchors in these regions. The benefit created by less work time required far outweighs the price difference between traditional anchors and the new type of anchors. Anyone can easily recognize Joker’s “Wuga” hollow wall anchor among many different anchors, not only due to its exceptional design, but also its “being welded” feature commonly adopted in manufacturing hollow wall anchors. “Why welded? As quality is the only thing matters,” Mr. Ryan Huang from Joker noted. “In the modified integral stamping process, it is difficult to monitor product quality. Moreover, if viewed by its manufacturing theory, products formed by this process feature some weak points and are at the risk of failure while being installed. However, Joker’s “Wuga” manufactured through a more expensive welding process features not only high strength, but also patented design to prevent it from failure while being installed. Its ease of installation is also better than that of other integrally formed products.”
The patented Sleeve Anchor Joker co-developed with two other engineers from Hilti shows excellent pull-out performance at all concrete conditions and its patented design also allows users to complete continuous installation of anchors, which is labor and time saving. Joker offers products of high quality and more excellent performance and is always active in expanding its market territory. Mr. Ryan Huang further added, “Our customers are very willing to discuss new product developments and improvements of existing products with us. If you go visit us at trade shows, you may see that many customers come to us with their drawings in hand for further discussion.”
The First in Taiwan to be Accredited to ETA Option 1 A majority of Joker’s products are currently sold to the European market (around 70%), followed by USA (15%) and Other Regions (15%). According to Joker, the economy in E. Europe in recent years has been growing really fast, which boosts consumption in the market, so consumers’ demand for fasteners seems to be increasing as well. Already accredited to ISO 9001 and ETA-14/0374, Joker has also successfully had its Sissy Stud accredited to ETA Option 1 in 2014, making it the first Taiwanese manufacturer to get the accreditation. In response to different market demand, this year Joker has also added more head and size variations into its Sissy Stud series to allow more users to experience Joker’s excellent Sissy Studs.
Contact: Ms. Amy Huang Email: info@joker.com.tw
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King Century Group Co., Ltd. Developing New High-Performance Construction Bolts by Nai-Wen Chang, Fastener World King Century continues to push itself in technical innovation. Not only does it develops products as per client’s requests, but it also selfdevelops hollow wall anchor bolts. The products are manufactured from continuous stamping through 25 processes into a one-piece construction. In 2003, the company became the first in Asia Pacific to mass produce cold forged parts. In the same year the company set up a cold forging center to develop multi-station production of anchor bolts, and started to work with American, European and Russian brands to provide service of processing anchor bolts and high-end expansion bolts. Since then, the company developed 4-die4-blow and 6-die-6-blow cold forging. King Century’s expansion bolts are certified by B&Q (ScrewFix UK) and favored by British DIY enthusiasts. Furthermore, King Century helped a French client manufacture a new ETA-compliant product. As a result, the company made its way into the German refurbishment market and made a stunning presence in the EU market.
King Century has many types and sizes of construction products. The high-performance hammer-drive anchors are all metal and suitable for HPC. Available in SS304 and SS316 steels, they are easy to install and come with the following sizes: M6x45 to M20x200 and 1/4x1-3/4 to 3/4x8. Other unique products, such as concrete anchor bolts, high-load anchor bolts, elevator anchor bolts, chemical bolts, high-load undercut anchor bolts, and embedded parts. Currently the products are sold worldwide through Stanley Black & Decker Inc. (Powers Fasteners), Illinois Tool Works, Inc. and other major companies.
Construction Structural Safety Monitored with Traceability System & TQM Super High-Performance Products Sweeping the American & European Markets King Century’s high-load M27M22 10.9-grade anchor bolts were selected by Europe for high-speed rail anchoring. Additionally, its high-performance CNC-machined anchor bolts were selected by Marina Bay Sands Resort in Singapore for building constructions and made King Century awarded as the best supplier. These anchor bolts went through anticorrosion surface treatment to have high quality acclaimed by users in the bay area. They provide anchoring for concrete with/ without cracks, anchoring for indoor/outdoor/high-corrosion environments, and for special requirements on anti-vibration. They can be surface treated to have quality-approved high anticorrosion for use with building and bridge constructions. Their available sizes are M6x40 to M24x300 and 1/4x1-3/4 to 1-1/4x12, and their available materials are SS304 and SS316 steels.
“Our products have stable and reliable quality. For a long time we have received continuous OEM orders from clients. Our offer of premium safety is represented by our best cost-performance ratio, high-performance products, professional R&D staff, the best anchoring solutions and diversified functions, as well as premium load-bearing capacity during installation.” said Jeffery Chang, General Manager. Every batch of products strictly complies with ICCES and ETA quality traceability system and follows TQM. All King Century products have AIG Product Liability Insurance and a maximal insurance claim of NTD 1 million.
Continuous R&D in Cutting-edge Construction Fasteners King Century knows the world trade is in increasing demand for specialization and international standards compliance, so it set up a base in Ningbo of China for manufacture of highend expansion bolts. The base manufactures 15,000,000 pieces of all kinds of mechanical anchors per month. King Century’s craftsmanship propels its development in construction anchors and its sustainable partnership with clients. The construction industry is developing new and diverse engineering methods for fasteners from large construction anchor bolts to DIY fasteners. Therefore, the market is demanding more construction hardware and its design is facing bigger challenges. Developing high-end anchor bolts according to clients’ requests is the target of King Century as a professional OEM company.
King Century contact: Jeffery Chang, General Manager Email: jeffrey@king-century.net
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Focus This Month
Expert Manufacturer of Conical Nuts for Sleeve Anchors
Hsien Sun Industry Co., Ltd. by Nai-Wen Chang, Fastener World Starting from manufacturing bike nuts, Hsien Sun has opened business for 46 years. Now it is dedicated to developing various special nuts in addition to the product it started with, because manufacturing and providing more than one type of products is the way to stay irreplaceable in the market and sustain business. As far back as 20 years ago, Hsien Sun developed and mass-produced conical nuts which are now its primary product. Conical nuts are a critical component in the anchor category. Manufacturing them requires a certain level of forming technique to meet quality requirements. With mature manufacturing technology, pursuit of perfection in manufacturing process, and good product quality, Hsien Sun helps clients acquire ETA certificates with the conical nuts sold to major construction fastener companies in Europe.
Forming Products Directly Without a Second Process Creates Price Competitive Edge Nuts come in various forms and types. Anchor nuts requires a higher degree of technique in manufacturing. Hsien Sun stumbled upon manufacture of conical nuts through serendipity. The wall thickness of conical nuts is much smaller than that of hexagon nuts, and therefore inadequate technique would easily break the wall in manufacturing and fail. When General Manager Peter Tsai came across such a situation, he did not give up. With years of technical experience and relentless efforts to overcome obstacles, he finally overcame the bottleneck and developed a conical nut formed directly without a second process which saves the need for machining and therefore becomes more price competitive than a machined conical nuts. While saving costs for clients, his anchor nuts set a new mile stone for Hsien Sun. Besides common knurled conical nuts, Hsien Sun can cope with various customized designs such as those for 2-cuts/3-cuts conical nuts. These 2-cuts and 3-cuts nuts may seem to require secondary processing, but thanks to mature technique and perseverance in solving problems, Hsien Sun can form them with no need for a second process, saving the time and production cost for secondary processing. This not only significantly decreases lead time, but also lowers the probability of
damaging the nuts when sending them back and forth between processing plants. The technical level of Hsien Sun has made its conical nuts more durable in service and more price competitive. Based on the current market trend, Sales Manager Julia Tsai said: “Besides conical anchor nuts, the products nowadays are more and more diverse. We do everything we can to cope with the need for customization and continue to upgrade our technique and quality.”
International Quality Certificate + Highly Customizable Service Hsien Sun is currently certified to ISO 9001:2015 and can manufacture different strength grades and dimensions of customized products in accordance to clients’ demand. It offers products in various materials including carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, brass and aluminum, and can cope with various surface treatments. Hsien Sun stresses its connection with clients as a “collaborative relationship” which utilizes Hsien Sun’s technique to help clients design customized nuts. Furthermore, Hsien Sun has enough experience to spot defects in a design and help clients deal with them, and it receives positive feedback for the suggestions and improvement plans that it proposes. Hsien Sun’s products are applied in diverse industries such as construction, automobile, infrastructure, tool, and machinery. Its clients are mostly based in Western Europe. Its products are trusted by clients, some of whom have collaborated with Hsien Sun for decades. “We are more like a collaborative partner with our clients!”, said Julia. The 4,030 square meter plant of Hsien Sun has a bright working environment, good ventilation, and is still adding and upgrading equipment and software. The work area is well arranged and manufacturing process is strictly followed to significantly improve production efficiency. To further improve product quality, Hsien Sun uses optical sorting machines to do full inspections, which means every nut must go through optical inspection and sorting before they go out, thereby decreasing the rate of defection. After sorting, the nuts will have to go through a second sorting which is done manually. This sophisticated double layer of quality check is a commitment for Hsien Sun itself and for clients as well. Hsien Sun’s contact: Sales Manager Julia Tsai Email: hsien.sun@msa.hinet.net
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Designated Brand in National Projects
Sucoot Co., Ltd. by Nai Wen Chang, Fastener World The scaffolds are required in construction projects but usually received little attention as they are removed when the gleaming buildings or gigantic structures completed. Actually, we have good scaffolds in Taiwan that Sucoot Co., Ltd. has introduced the Ring System from Europe and had it modified to adapt with site conditions of Taiwan where earthquakes and typhoons happen from time to time and thus a more robust scaffold system is developed. As quick and labor-saving fastening is always favored on-site, Sucoot then adopted “Wedge” to achieve for the purpose. Moreover, for easy assembly by different crews, Sucoot also designed a foolproof device favored by users who appreciate its good quality scaffolds, quick and easy to assemble, and higher safety obtained compared to traditional scaffolds.
The No. 1 Scaffolds Supplier in Taiwan, Once a Forged Fasteners Manufacturer The key point in assembling scaffolds fast, simple and safe lies on forged fasteners. If one wants to enhance the load capacity of scaffolds, the manufacturing procedures are critical. Starting its business with fasteners for scaffolds, Sucoot recruited many talented people with the professional background of civil engineering, structural engineering, metallurgy and mechanic in its Taiwan HQ and the forging plant in China. Those people with various expertise in the company help to improve product quality and further extend the company’s field from standard units selling into more diversified services thus transforming Sucoot from a parts supplier to a designer & manufacturer of advanced scaffold systems, and now evolved as a total scaffolds and formwork solutions provider and has set up two branches in Thailand and Indonesia, both fledglings to meet multiplying market demands. Sucoot’s products are used in almost all big civil projects in Taiwan, such as highways, High Speed Rail, Kaohsiung MRT & Taipei MRT, a Mega Hydro Cracking Complex, and Taipei Big Dome. Even the stage build-up for the most popular band Mayday’s bustling concert, and Ang Lee’s movie scenes in “Life of Pi”, further proofing Sucoot System’s versatility and reliability in meeting myriad requirement outside typical construction. Sucoot’s scaffold systems have been sold to 60+ countries including Thailand, Malaysia, Dubai, Europe, USA, and South America, as its products are considered the byword of quality and safety under the ceaseless effort of Succot team to improve the efficiency and increase ease of use for customers so as to help them reduce working time and save labor cost.
Saving 90% Labor Force and THSR Engineering Office Award for High Efficiency With years of collaboration with several engineering companies, Chairman Shih demonstrates advantages of Sucoot’s products of efficiency and mechanization. Sucoot was once a company which only offered scaffolds for sales and rental, but now it also offers scaffolds construction, making it a B2C rather than a B2B service provider to
customers. He added, “Take the airport MRT for example, it originally required around 70 workers, but thanks to mechanization and efficiency Sucoot offered, then it only required 7 technicians plus regular machines to complete the construction of 300 bridge spans (in a total length of 10.2 KM) within 30 months, meeting contract schedule, specified quality and safety requirement. For all this achievement, Sucoot was awarded by THSR Engineering Office, making it the only one scaffold company in Taiwan to win this honor.
Guaranteed Safety / Products are Offered with Warranty Now as a global renowned company, Sucoot not only is accredited to ISO9001, but also the first Taiwanese scaffold company accredited to EN12810-1 from the EU and ANSI10.8 from the USA. Moreover, Sucoot is also accredited to an Australian certification and extended its product range to a complete set System Formwork. It also provided special formwork and scaffold systems for the construction of access roads to Houli Flora Expo, finished on time. That workers fall down from work sites, scaffold collapse and formwork crumbling are major causes of fatalities in the construction industry. With his concern about public safety, Chairman Shih always does best to enhance scaffolds and formwork safety. He said, “Our systems are assembled with machines and special tools, it means precise control. The wellguided and systematic assembly, movement, positioning and disassembly help us to achieve less and efficient use of labor force and a safer working environment. We cherish the life of everyone and care for their wellbeing. We concern about environmental protection and conservationist, for this that all of our products are hot-dip galvanized and feature more than 10 years of durability, thus increasing the repetitive use of products.” Sucoot is indeed a successful company strictly committed to its social responsibility. Contact: Alicia Lin
Email: Alicia@sucoot.com
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Industry Focus
SE Asian Construction and Fastener Markets for Q1-3 2018 The construction market in South East Asia continues to grow by 6% annually over the next five years, supported by several megaprojects across the region. The combined value of construction projects within ASEAN countries is standing at $2.9 trillion which provides enormous opportunities in this region not only in construction but in other industries and verticals such as the fastener industry. The economic growth within ASEAN countries is projected to be the fastest among all global regions in next five years supported by massive investment in new infrastructure. The domestic construction demand is increasing in the region for both residential and non-residential buildings. However, the expansion of this demand may vary from country to country. Countries like Philippines, Vietnam, Myanmar and Indonesia have undertaken the major reforms to make their markets more accessible for private sector investments. The acquisition of lands and properties by private sectors and foreigners is getting much fairer and more transparent than before. Opening up the market for the private sector and foreigners has added trillion dollars investment in the construction sector and its related industries.
by Shervin Shahidi Hamedani
The growth of the construction sector in the first three quarters this year has a significant impact on fastener demand in this region. Bolts, nuts, and nails are the most widely used products for construction applications. Product selection in construction depends on the surface it is going to fix together. Metal rivets offer significantly higher strength against concrete construction. The majority of fastener manufacturers based in ASEAN are involved in manufacturing of standard fasteners, which are widely accepted by end-use industries, particularly construction. Most of these manufacturers in order to provide application-specific fasteners may face difficulties, and it affects their market share in the international market. Another group of fasteners which has been influenced by construction growth is non-threaded fasteners. This group includes pins, washers, rivets, hooks, grommets, O-rings, and cable ties which is primarily used for cable management and wire harnessing in construction applications. This segment witnessed high demand in year 2018 supported by its low cost and light weight. For the first three quarters of 2018, Malaysia’s GDP moderated to 4.7 percent with a value of RM907.2 billion at constant prices, as reported by the Malaysia Department of Statistics. All sectors recorded a positive growth while services and manufacturing sectors remained as the major drivers of this growth. The construction sector contributes less than 5% of the country’s GDP (4.7% in Q3 2018 and 4.8% in Q1 2018). This sector, contributed by civil engineering, specialized construction activities and nonresidential buildings. in this year the construction sector posted the growth of 4.7% in Q3, 4.6% in Q2 and 4.9% in Q1. In the first quarter of 2018, civil engineering registered an extraordinary growth of 15.4 percent and 18.9 percent in the second quarter, the highest growth since the fourth quarter of 2016 which was mainly because of transportation and utilities related projects. On the other hand, in Singapore, the construction sector, as reported by the Singapore Department of Statistics, decreased by 3.1 percent on a year-on-year basis in the third quarter of 2018, after facing 5.1% and 4.2 % drop in Q1 2018 and Q2 2018. The construction sector in Singapore was weighed down by the weakness in public sector construction activities in 2018 but still higher than the figures recorded in 2017. On a quarter-on-quarter seasonally-adjusted annualised basis, the sector grew by 1.7 percent, a turnaround from the contraction of 14.5 percent in the second quarter. Indonesia experienced a firm growth in the construction sector in the first three quarters of 2018 supported by favourable demographics, and public and private sector investments in infrastructure and residential construction projects. The Southeast Asia’s first high speed railway which connects Jakarta to Bandung is one of the good examples of ongoing construction projects in Indonesia. Based on the data extracted from the Trading Economics portal, GDP from construction in Indonesia increased to more than USD18.5 billion in the third quarter of 2018 from USD17.7 billion in the second quarter of 2018. GDP from construction in Indonesia averaged USD14.2 billion from 2010 until 2018 and it is expected to remain on a rapid growth path for the 4th quarter of the year 2018.
Industry Focus A mbit ious gover n ment policies a nd infrastructure development plans accompanied by a rising urban population have shaped productive ground for the development of the Philippines’ con st r uct ion se ct or. Su p p or t e d by m a jor investments in transport networks, residential complexes and social housing, the total number of constructions in the first quarter of 2018 reached 36,002 in this country. This figure shows a growth of 2.6 percent from 35,101 constructions registered in the same quarter last year. Although the number of residential building constructions in Q1 2018 weakened by 1.2 percent from Q1 2017, nonresidential constructions recorded 11.8 percent increase from last year. In the second quarter of 2018 the total number of constructions reached 40,182, with an increase of 11.7 percent from the 35,983 constructions in the same quarter last year. In Q2 2018, the number of residential building constructions improved from the first quarter and registered 29,060 from 25,670 in Q1 2018 with an increase of 8.3 percent from the 26,827 projects in Q2 2017. Non-residential constructions in the Philippines continued its growth with 5,644 projects and a rise of 16.1 percent from 4,861 projects in Q2 2017. Vietnam’s construction industry recorded considerable growth in the first three quarters this year and this growth is expected to be continued. Healthy economic development, improving logistics, regulatory environment and positive demographic trends will remain to drive robust expansion in the construction sector in Vietnam, while making this country one of the fastestgrowing among major markets in South East Asia. Vietnam’s economy expanded by 7.08 percent in the first six months of 2018, the highest in eight years, primarily driven by the growth in services and industry-construction sectors. The industry and construction sector expanded the fastest at 9.07 percent during the first two quarters this year, contributing 48.9 percent to the overall growth. In Thailand, the construction sector contributes about 8% of the total country’s GDP. The major construction activities (about 60%) belong to the public sector. There are about 80,000 construction companies registered in Thailand, of which 1% qualify as large-scale operators, holding 75% of the market share. GDP f rom Const r uction in t his cou nt r y increased to USD 2243 million in the third quarter of 2018 from USD 2,183 million in the second quarter of 2018 as reported by Trading Economics. GDP from Construction in Thailand averaged USD 1,813.48 million from 1993 until 2018, reaching an all-time high of USD 3,145.60 million in the first quarter of 1996 and a record low of USD 1,111 million in the fourth quarter of 2000. In the first three quarters of 2018, the rapid growth of construction sector within a majority of countries in ASEAN for both residential and
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industrial construction positively increased construction fastener demand. The market is expected to experience a shift from producing standard metal products to manufacturing superior quality and specialty fasteners to meet rising demand for application-specific products in this sector. With strong incentive by ASEAN governments to speed up the construction boom in the region through inter-regional collaboration between ASEAN & China and infrastructure building the future of this sector is exceptionally optimistic. ASEAN has robust potential to strengthen its position as one of the fastest growing regions of the world. Sources:
* Malaysia Economic Performance First, Second, Third Quarter 2018; Department of Statistics Malaysia. * Advance GDP Estimate for Third Quarter 2018; Ministry of Trade and Industry Singapore. * Vietnam’s Economy Sees Strong Growth in the First Half of 2018, by Vietnam Briefing. * ASEAN construction sector to have projects worth $2.9trn over next five years, by meconstructionnews. * Asia Pacific Industrial Fasteners Market Analysis Report, 2018 – 2025, by Grand View research.
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Industry Focus
Where to Invest?
Guide for Global Fastener Investments for the Year 2019
The Asia-Pacific region (APAC) is expected to continue its dominance in the fastener market by possessing more than 40 percent of global fastener market sales. The market demand in this part of the world is growing much faster than the global average, because of the existence of India, China, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and Taiwan in this region. The first four countries are the fastest growing fastener markets in the world. Therefore, this region in general and those countries in specific are potentially considered as great destinations for investment in the fastener industry. Although each of those countries may have some limitations or restrictions mainly for foreign investors, the majority of countries in this region are moving fast toward economic liberalization and opening up the investment corridors for both local and foreign investors. Recently the global economy has been faced by the U.S. - China trade war. The US government has imposed some major restrictions on Chinese products imported to the US market, and in return, the Chinese government has executed similar restrictions to some American products imported
by Shervin Shahidi Hamedani
to China. The trade war would not be really a threat to investment opportunities in APAC region, nevertheless could lead to new investment opportunities in China and the region. Those American manufacturers who export their products to China may need to relocate their factories and operations to China in order to produce locally and to sell their products in one of the fastest growing consumer markets in the world. Therefore, the recent trade war is not expected to impact negatively on investment opportunities in China and the region but positively. In addition to the Asia-Pacific region, industrialization activity in developing countries in MENA region (Middle East and North Africa) is also projected to experience strong gains. The fastener market sales in this region are still small and not comparable with the APAC region, but the investment opportunities in this region are booming. Saudi Arabia’s newly launched investment plan to spend billions of dollars to revive the foreign investment in this country is a good example of investment opportunity in this region. The market in this region is not saturated and it has less competitors compared with North America and Western Europe where gains are limited by the maturity of most fastener markets. For those who are looking for investment opportunities in Europe, Eastern Europe would be a better option than Western Europe. The manufacturing in the East is growing at a higher rate than West and it becomes a progressively more important source of fastener exports to the West European markets. Overall, in 2019, the investment outlook in major fastener manufacturing countries (China, Taiwan, Japan, Germany and the US) is positive as sales growth is expected to be recorded again.
What are the Most Lucrative Segments? The industrial fastener market is growing rapidly globally and it will carry on its growth in 2019 supported by the growth in automotive, construction, aerospace and fast changing industries. The investment in local production, government expenditure on infrastructure, and industrial evolution in manufacturing are continuing to witness the growth in the fastener market. The global automotive fastener market is expected to grow next year as vehicle production is growing. The automotive fastener is the largest single market for fasteners and expected to obtain about 30 percent of the total demand in next few years. However, the expansion of substitute products and alternatives
Industry Focus such as clinching and welding in auto parts, could possibly lessen the cost of operation and therefore reduce the use of traditional fasteners. It is highly recommended for investors who are interested in venturing into the (automotive) fastener market to look into specialized, small and light fasteners as the automotive industry is shifting its focus more toward lightweight vehicles and the increasing use of electronics in vehicles. The electric, self-driving, and connected vehicles are global trends and will potentially make the largest impact on the global fastener investment. In 2019, it is expected to see more investment activities in the semi-permanent fastener segment, such as cotter pins, as it is projected to be the fastest growing segment of the automotive fastener market, in terms of value, and the upcoming trend in the automotive industry. Semipermanent fasteners segment is expected to show comparatively higher growth in future due to its wide use in automobiles. It can be used in almost all components of a vehicle. A wide range of applications and advantages over permanent fasteners will boost the growth of semi-permanent fasteners in the coming years. Although standard fasteners will still represent the majority of total market sales in 2019, the price competition in this group of fasteners is very high and the return on investment is not as lucrative as specialized fasteners such as aerospace-grade fasteners. The aerospace fastener sales will increase its market share in the future and its demand is expected to grow in 2019. This segment is projected to register its name as one of the fastest growing segments in the industrial fastener market and therefore one of the best options for the long-term industrial fastener investment. The return of investment in aerospace fasteners is much higher than standard fasteners, backed by its high barrier to entry. Last but not least, the investment in (fastener) industry 4.0 is projected to significantly grow in 2019. Investment in new technology, which is not really new to fastener manufacturing, will continue its growth. Robotics, automation technology, data analytics, IoT, AR, and many other technologies are expected to be implemented and used more than before
in the fastener industry. All these technologies keep changing the fastener manufacturing and investments in these fields create significant competitive advantages against other players in the market. With no doubt, a significant portion of new sales growth for industrial fasteners will come from all these disruptive technologies (i.e. connected equipment, cryptocurrencies, analytical insights, etc.) not only in production but also in supply chain. Investing and embracing the new technologies could be a clear path to success for every single fastener manufacturer now and in the future.
Sources: The Global Industrial Fastener Market Report, Freedonia Group Automotive Fastener Market Report, Report Buyer
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Association
Taiwan Industrial Fasteners Institute (TIFI)
Holds 2019 Lunar New Year Gala & Symposium with Kaohsiung City Mayor by Gang Hao Chang, Vice Editor-in-Chief of Fastener World
On February the 5th (Fri.) Taiwan Industrial Fasteners Institute (TIFI) held the annual spring gala at the Grand HiLai Hotel in Kaohsiung in celebration of Lunar New Year. More than 200 fastener industry professionals were invited to witness and participate in the grand event of Taiwanese fastener industry. A little bit different form the previous events, the spring gala this year included a symposium specially arranged by TIFI Chairman Tu-Chin Tsai and Board of Directors assembler Tea-Ren Sun, which was joined by the newly elect Kaohsiung City Mayor Han Kuo-Yu. In the face-to-face symposium, Mayor Han discussed many issues with representatives from Taiwanese fastener companies in attendance, in order to understand what problems the fastener industry is facing and see how the governing administration and relevant authorities could do to provide the best solutions for these companies, and make Taiwanese fastener industry continue to shine bright and be prosperous and energetic in the global market. In the event, Chairman Tu-Chin Tsai on behalf of TIFI also endowed Kaohsiung City Fire Bureau with drones and caterpillar band type remote-controled turrets.
Association
The spring gala participated by so many TIFI members and good friends from the industry revealed the power and energy of Taiwanese fastener industry again. Several guests in attendance also said unanimously that the annually held spring gala not only showed the bonds of the industry, but also made all participants look forward to a more prosperous future in the industrial development in 2019.
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Taiwan Fastener Trading Association TFTA Chairman Jimmy Chang
Holds 2019 Spring Gala & the 30th Anniversary Celebration by Gang Hao Chang, Vice Editor-in-Chief of Fastener World On February 5th (Fri.) Taiwan Fastener Trading Association (TFTA) held the Board of Directors meeting and the annually held spring gala at The Grand Hotel Kaohsiung. As the year of 2019 is also the 30th anniversary of TFTA, the event this year was larger in scale and attended by more prominent visitors, not to mention those fastener professionals coming from north, central and southern Taiwan. The Honorary Chairman (Mr. Feng Jing-Yao) and Secretary (Mr. Wang Shi-Hong) of the Fastener Subdivision of China General Machine Components Industry Association and Kaohsiung City Mayor Han Kuo-Yu were also present to express their congratulations to TFTA 30th anniversary, which further reveals the importance of this epochal grand event.
The management of several well-known fastener old brands as well as their 2nd and 3rd generation were also present to say “Happy TFTA Vice Chairma 30th Anniversary!” to TFTA, showing the tradition of achieving n Josh Chen sustainable operation and seeking betterment in business development in Taiwanese fastener industry. In such a period of industrial upgrade and business transformation for Taiwanese fastener industry, TFTA especially invited the Chairman of Zhong Dao Association of Leadership & Culture to give a speech on “Excellent Leadership and Organizational Transformation.” The meaningful philosophic viewpoints in his speech did make all the attendees learn a lot.
The Host and Guests Say “Happy Lunar New Year” to Each Other The Growth of TFTA over the Past 30 Years is Obvious to All Led by TFTA Chairman Jimmy Chang and TFTA Vice Chairman Josh Chen, all directors and supervisors, consultants, members and more than 200 guests stood up and wished each other a happy lunar new year and a safe and lucky year of the pig. TFTA also expressed their sincere wish that the number of TFTA members will continue to grow and Taiwanese fastener industry will see a more energetic and vibrant development in 2019.
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(Left) Cuo Lian Mech inery President Chi-Hung Chen (Middle) China Faste ner Industry Association Honorar y Chairman Jing-Yao Feng
TFTA directors, supervisors and consultants
In the banquet hall slides were also played, which reviewed the contributions of previous TFTA presidents and chairmen, how the organization was growing to today’s scale, how TFTA was playing its significant role in helping Taiwanese fastener companies to tap into the global market, and how TFTA provided in-time assistance to help member companies survive challenges and difficulties. Due to such memorable past, the friendship amongst all TFTA members has become more consolidated and closer than ever. TFTA Founding President James Su said, “I founded TFTA (former TFTCA) at The Grand Hotel Kaohsiung in 1989 and this year happens to be the 30th anniversary of TFTA. Reviewing the past, I feel really thankful for the effort made and capital contributed by all the previous TFTA presidents and chairmen. Owing to their contributions, TFTA could continue to grow stronger and reach the scale today. I’d like to say many thanks as well to the enthusiastic participation and support of all TFTA members. I hereby wish you all good health, prosperous business, and good luck in the year of the pig.” TFTA 1st Chairman William Liao said, “I’m very happy that I was the 1st Chairman after TFTA applied for becoming a corporation and I’m also very thankful for the contributions of all previous TFTA presidents and chairmen. Of course, I’d also like to express my thanks to other “heroes” who were trying to do whatever they could for TFTA, such as Steven Fang from Fascon, Morris Liang from Starbest and ChinChung Chen from Pantech. On the other hand, I’m happy that I could have opportunities to participate in so many TFTA events in the last 3 decades. I did learn a lot and feel lucky that I was then supported by many members.” In addition to the speech and slides review, TFTA also prepared nearly 30 tables with wines and delicacies as well as a band performance for all attendees, which was quite fun and ended with a great success.
Activity Sidelights TFTA 2019 Monthly Golf Outing Just one day before TFTA Spring Gala & the 30th Anniversary Celebration at the Grand Hotel Kaohsiung, TFTA gave the monthly golf outing at Chia-Nan Golf Club. More than 70 golf players from TFTA went to show their excellent golf playing skill and took the opportunity to interact with other TFTA members interested in golf playing and enhance friendship with each other. t James Su g Presiden n di n u Fo (Left) TFTA mmy Chang Chairman Ji (Right) TFTA
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compiled by Fastener World
惠達特搜全球新聞
Fastener World News
Industry Update Taiwan’s New Vehicles Sales in 2018 Drops by 2.1% Compared to 2017’s Same Period Taiwan’s new vehicles sales in 2018 was less than 0.44 million units (435,135 units), down 2.1% from 2017’s same period, which is even lower than 2016’s record at 439,629 units. However, this is still the 3rd highest record since its slump to less than 0.23 million units in 2018.
Taiwan Fastener Export in First 11 Months Reaches a New High at US$ 4.4 Billion As of the end of November 2018, Taiwan’s fastener export value in the first 11 months of 2018 reached a new high at over US$4.4 billion. According to the statistics of Taiwan Industrial Fasteners Institute (TIFI), Taiwan exported 131,354 tons of fasteners in November 2018, down 8.09% from October 2018 (also down 0.98% from the same period of 2017). In the first 11 months of 2018, Taiwan exported more than 1.53 million tons of fasteners to the world, up 5.14% from the same period of 2017. The average price of Taiwan’s fastener export in November 2018 was US$2.888 per KG, down 0.05% from October 2018 (but up 2.39% from the same period of 2017). The average export price in the first 11 months was US$2.881 per KG, up 7.53% from the same period of 2017. According to TIFI, from January through November 2018 the total value of Taiwan’s fastener export reached more than US$ 4.4 billion, a surge of 13.05% from the same period of 2017, which means the total value of Taiwan’s fastener export in the first 11 months has exceeded the record of 2017 and has reached a new high for two consecutive years. It is expected that Taiwan’s fastener export is very likely to reach a new high again in both export volume and export value.
Total Car Sales in Malaysia in 2018 Increase by 3.83% Malaysian Automotive Association (MAA) has recently announced the sales of various vehicle types in Malaysia in 2018. The combined sales of all vehicle types reached 59,8714 units (up 3.83% from 576,635 units in 2017); sedans reached 533,202 units (up 3.6% from 514,679 units in 2017); commercial vehicles reached 65,512 units. Malaysia’s 2nd largest car manufacturer, Kancil, showed the highest sales in sedans in 2018 to 227,243 units (representing 37.95 of the total sales); Japanese Honda showed the sales of 65,551 units (representing10.95%); local car brand Proton showed the sales of 64,744 units (representing 10.81%). The total hybrid car sales in Malaysia in 2018 reached 18,754 units. BMW showed the highest sales to 7,434 units, followed by Nissan (5,826 units), Honda (3,625 units), Volvo (919 units), Toyota (852 units) and Mini (98 units).
China’s Steel and Copper Standard Fastener Export in First 10 Months of 2018 Increases in Volume and Value According to the latest fastener import & export data of China’s Customs, in the first 10 months of 2018 China exported 2.7 million tons of steel and copper standard fasteners (total value: approx. US$5.4 billion) to the world, up 14.5% and 31.7% respectively in volume and value, compared to the same period of 2017.
Thailand and Indonesia are Top 2 Import Origins in Vietnam’s Car Market According to the statistics of Vietnamese Customs, Thailand and Indonesia are the top 2 import origins in Vietnam’s car market and these two countries represent 89% of the whole market share in Vietnam. In 2018, Thailand exported 55,634 units (valued at around US$ 1 billion) to Vietnam and Indonesia exported 17,146 units (valued at US$ 0.269), followed by Japan (2,000+ units), China (1,565 units), USA (895 units) and S. Korea (632 units). In 2018, Vietnam imported 81,609 units of cars (down 16.1% from 2017) and the total value of car import was US$ 1.8 billion (down 19.8% from 2017).
Companies Development TFC Pittsburgh Branch Expands to New Location Triangle Fastener Corporation announces that their Pittsburgh branch has moved to a larger location. The new location has 16,500 square feet of warehouse space and 1,000 square feet of showroom space to service middle/western Pennsylvania, New York and West Virginia. TFC provides a full line of standard and specialty fasteners, sealants, tools, and accessories for the commercial roofing, siding and interior trades. This location also has painting capabilities to provide custom painted fasteners. The TFC Pittsburgh Branch is located at 2001 Preble Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA.
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200
Fastenal Company Reports 2018 Annual and Fourth Quarter Earnings Fastenal Company (Nasdaq:FAST), a leader in the wholesale distribution of industrial and construction supplies, announced its financial results for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2018. Except for share and per share information, or as otherwise noted below, dollar amounts are stated in millions. Throughout this document, percentage and dollar calculations, which are based on non-rounded dollar values, may not be able to be recalculated using the dollar values included in this document due to the rounding of those dollar values. Twelve-month Period 2018 Net sales
$
Business days
Change
2018
2017
Change
4,965.10
4,390.50
13.1%
1,231.60
1,088.50
13.2%
254
254
---
63
63
Daily sales
$
19.5
17.3
13.1%
19.6
17.3
13.2%
Gross profit
$
2,398.90
2,163.60
10.9%
587.8
531.2
10.6%
48.3%
49.3
---
47.7%
48.8%
---
999.2
881.8
13.3%
233.4
203.3
14.8%
20.1%
20.1
---
19%
18.7%
---
987
873.1
13%
229.8
200.8
14.4%
% of sales Operating income
$
% of sales Earnings before income taxes
$
% of sales
19.9%
19.9
---
18.7%
18.5%
---
$
751.9
578.6
29.9%
168.8
152.4
10.7%
Diluted net earnings per share $
2.62
2.01
30.5%
0.59
0.53
11.2%
Net earnings
Fastener World News
Three-month Period
2017
OMG, Inc. Names Karly Grimaldi Sales & Operations Planning Manager OMG, I nc. h a s n a me d Karly Grimaldi to the newly created position of Sales & Operations Planning Manager. She reports to Geri McCarthy, director of operations. “OMG has established a strong S&OP forecasting tool which various functions in the business utilize,” said Dewey Kolvek, senior vice president of operations. “In her new position, Karly will capitalize on the tool to help these functions drive process improvements within their organizations.” Karly started with OMG in 2011 as a sales and marketing assistant for the Roofing Products Division. Most recently she has been a S&OP Analyst where she helped design and launch the initial sales and operations planning tool. Karly holds a bachelor’s degree and a master’s in information management and communications, both from Bay Path University.
ABC Supply Co. Inc. Adds Location in Haines City, Florida The nation’s largest wholesale distributor of roofing, siding and other select exterior building products, ABC Supply Co. Inc., opened a branch at 155 Dyson Road in Haines City, Florida. Brenton Binns will manage the branch. Binns joined ABC Supply in 2017. Before managing the Haines City branch, he worked as an outside sales representative at the Lakeland, Florida, location. ABC Supply now has 45 locations throughout Florida with the opening of the Haines City branch. KLX Aerospace Solutions is Renamed Boeing Distribution Services Inc. As part of Boeing’s recent acquisition of KLX Aerospace Solutions, KLX Inc. KLX Aerospace Solutions has changed its name to Boeing Distribution Services Inc. effective 4 February 2019.
Volkswagen Toolmaking Opens 3-D Printing Center ; Improves the Capability of Producing Vehicles Parts Andrews Fasteners Becomes Constructionline Silver Member
The Volkswagen brand’s Toolmaking unit is adding a 3D printing center to its facilities in Wolfsburg. With the opening of the center, the unit is bringing the most highly advanced generation of 3D printers to the Volkswagen Group, which will allow the production of complex vehicle parts in the future.
UK-based Andrews Fasteners is proud to announce that Andrews Fasteners Limited has become a certified Constructionline Silver Member (Level 2).
In addition, with the new center, Toolmaking is implementing a key point of the pact for the future concluded in 2016 and expanding its production competences with subsidies from the Innovation Fund II.
Constructionline is a register for pre-qualified contractors and consultants used by the construction industry of the United Kingdom.
The new generation of 3D printers developed in cooperation with HP is the most modern within the Volkswagen Group and is based on the binder jetting process, which supplements the previous selective laser melting (SLM) process. To date, the Volkswagen Group has mainly used the SLM process for 3D printing with metals. In this process, the material used, such as steel, is applied to a base plate in a thin layer. A laser beam then melts the powder at the points where the component is to be created. The molten powder hardens, forming a solid material layer. The new printers at the center will now allow the use of other 3D printing processes such as binder jetting. In this additive process, components are manufactured using a metal powder and a binder applied in layers. The metal part which has been printed is then “baked” in a sintering process. In future, the various processes, which have specific applications, will supplement each other in an ideal way.
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Würth Group Continues Down the Road to Success
Fastener World News
According to the preliminary annual financial statement, the Würth Group reports a sales volume of EUR 13.6 billion in 2018 (previous year: EUR 12.7 billion). This corresponds to a growth of 7.1 percent. Adjusted for foreign currency effects, growth comes to 8.6 percent. All of the individual regions reported successful development again in the past year. With respect to the business units, Electronics and Electrical Wholesale showed aboveaverage growth rates. According to preliminary calculations, the operating result of the Würth Group is between EUR 860 and 880 million, which is a new record and a clear increase over the previous year (2017: EUR 780 million). “We are highly pleased about this positive result. It provides proof of the fact that thanks to our strategies and services we are still an important partner for our customers in trade and industry,” explains Robert Friedmann, Chairman of the Central Managing Board of the Würth Group. E-business sales in 2018 amounted to EUR 2.4 billion and grew at above-average proportions compared to Group sales. The Würth Group expects sales growth in the moderate single-digit range as well as a proportionately rising operating result in 2019. “Due to an economic slowdown, the year 2019 will certainly become a bigger challenge than 2018. Nevertheless, there is still no cause for concern, as the company is based on stable ground,” says Friedmann about the expectations for the new business year.
Bossard Receives Highest Supplier Recognition Award from John Deere Bossard North America and Bossard Mexico has again earned recognition as a Partner-level supplier for 2018 in the John Deere Achieving Excellence Program. The Partner-level status is Deere & Company’s highest supplier rating. Bossard both in the USA and Mexico was selected for the honor in recognition of its dedication to providing products and service of outstanding quality as well as its commitment to continuous improvement. Bossard is the major supplier for over 8,000 different fastener product solutions with application engineering and customer logistics to John Deere’s 27 plants in North America. In the John Deere Achieving Excellence Program, all suppliers are evaluated annually in several key performance categories, including product quality, cost management, on-time delivery, technical support and wavelength, which is a measure of responsiveness. John Deere Supply Management created the program in 1991 to provide a supplier evaluation and feedback process that promotes continuous improvement.
Bossard Announces Sales of Fourth Quarter and Financial Year 2018 The Bossard Group posted again record results for the 2018 financial year. Sales rose by 10.8 percent to CHF 871.1 million compared to 2017. All market regions contributed to this significant growth. In the fourth quarter, its business in America and Asia grew by double-digits, exceeding expectations. The demand in the European markets slowed down at a high level. On balance, the Bossard Group achieved sales growth of 7.9 percent to CHF 212.1 million in the fourth quarter. The overall solid performance is largely based on our steadily growing range of products and services.
Hoffmann Group Appoints Manav Goel as India Director European tooling major Hoffmann Group has appointed Manav Goel as its India Director to bolster its expansion plans for the country. Goel will be responsible for driving the group’s sales and strategic business partnerships in India, Hoffman said in a statement. The Germany-based group describes itself as a Europe’s leading system partner for quality tools with major listed companies as customers in more than 50 countries. In 2017, it generated a worldwide turnover of over 1.2 billion euros. “India has always been a huge market for the company and we see immense growth potential for us here. At Hoffmann Group, we have the ability to support the manufacturing industry with our comprehensive portfolio and machining expertise of Germany,” Goel said. The group’s senior vice president (Asia) Christian Kober said Goel’s appointment further bolster its expansion efforts in India and he is expected to strengthen its brand presence in the Indian market.
Revenue of Ching Chan Optical in 2018 Reaches Record High at NT$ 0.882 Billion Ching Chan Optical’s fullyear self-settled combined revenue in 2018 reached NT$ 0.882 billion, up 13.34% from 2017’s NT$0.778 billion, which is the highest record in the company’s history. The leading fastener optical image sorting machines manufacturer, Ching Chan Optical (TWSE: 2070), also a n nou nced its revenue in Dec. 2018 to be NT$ 0.126 billion (monthly growth rate: 18.96% and annual growth rate: 13.65%).
Strategic Cooperation Signing Ceremony Between PSM and AFS On November 12, 2018, PSM International and AFS Co. Ltd. held a strategic cooperation signing ceremony in Wuxi, China. CEO of PSM International, Mr. Suzuki and President of AFS, Mr. Seo attended the signing ceremony. This signing ceremony has established a strategic partnership beneficial for both sides. PSM and AFS will work hard together in product research and marketing to provide high quality fasteners and service for the Korean market. The signing has marked the establishment of a long-term and stable relationship that will spearhead PSM International into the Korean market. Mr. Suzuki and Mr. Seo have expressed their intentions to deepen the relationship between the two companies by working hand in hand in order to forge a prosperous future together in the Korean market.
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Japanese OHTAKE Expands Screw Feeder Sales with Its First Overseas Base OHTAKE-Root Kogyo is going to expand sales of automated screw feeders used for production lines. The company is to set up a sales base in New Jersey State of the U.S. targeting sales to the U.S., Canada and Latin America. This is the first overseas base for the company which is expected to push sales by 260% to JPN 2 billion. The new base will be wholly owned by OHTAKE with a capital investment between JPN 1-2 million. The current goal is to raise sales to JPN 200 million 3 years from now. As the main product of OHTAKE, the automated screw feeders make up 75% of the total revenues. They are mainly exported to China, South Korea, Taiwan among other Asia Pacific countries, while 3% to 4% of the export goes to the Americas. These screw feeders are mostly used by the automotive industry. OHTAKE has more customers in the west side of Tokyo, so the company is considering setting up a base in Tokyo or Sendai.
Fastener World News
Acquisitions Shamrock International Acquires Vaber Industriale Shamrock International is pleased to announce that a stock purchase agreement has been executed with Vaber Industriale to acquire all shares in Vaber on November 26, 2018. “Vaber provides technical solutions to manufacturers throughout Europe. Shamrock opened our Frankfurt, Germany office, and adding the Vaber family to our family helps to anchor our global strategy. Vaber’s product offering and customers are very adjacent to ours, and we are excited to offer Shamrock products to their customers and vice-versa. We share the same company values and both prioritize families first. We truly feel that this transaction will be accretive for both organizations. We look forward to providing a better service offering to all of our customers worldwide.” says Robert Waichulis, CEO of Shamrock International. Vaber will continue to be operated by Emanuela Bettini, current CEO, and Alberto Bettini, current Director of Sales, for the foreseeable future under the direction of Floris Somers, Managing Director of Shamrock International Deutschland.
Apex Tool & Fasteners, Inc. Joins SouthernCarlson, Inc. SouthernCarlson, Inc., one of the nation’s leading fastener, tool and packaging distributors, announces the acquisition of Florida-based Apex Tool & Fasteners, Inc. The acquisition was finalized on Dec. 31, 2018. This latest acquisition strengthens SouthernCarlson’s footprint in Florida, adding capabilities and local distribution presence in the Fort Myers, Orlando and Tampa markets. Eric Heath, President of Apex Tool, stated, “We are excited to join the SouthernCarlson family. The support and backing of a national company will enable us to expand our Florida business even faster and provide more products and services to our customers.” Kenneth Sweder, SouthernCarlson’s Chairman & Chief Executive Officer, commented, “Florida is an important market for us and I am pleased to welcome the outstanding associates of Apex Tool & Fasteners to SouthernCarlson. Eric Heath and his team have built a strong business, and I look forward to accelerating our growth together.”
Motor City Industrial Acquires Smith Fastener Motor City Industrial, has announced the acquisition of Smith Fastener in partnership with its 3rd generation owner, Brian Smith. This represents the third acquisition by Motor City Industrial and further expands product & service offerings available to customers from diversified sectors and geographies. The combined companies now serve over 20 states from 7 locations with 135 employees. Smith Fastener is a distributor of industrial consumables and ancillary products throughout North America from three locations in West Virginia, Pennsylvania and Texas. Founded in 1965, Smith Fastener offers supply chain solutions for over 20,000 SKUs, including corrosion resistant coating services for mission critical parts. Not only does the company offer supply chain engineering and technical support, but Smith Fastener also provides in-house emergency fabrication of custom MRO components to minimize downtime for its customer-partners. Motor City Industrial is backed by Kian Capital Partners and Oakland Standard Co. Both firms are experienced in the industrial distribution sector and committed to additional partnerships that will expand Motor City Industrial’s products, services and geographic footprint.
Sandvik Acquires US-based Wetmore Tool & Engineering Dormer Pramet, a division within Sandvik Machining Solutions, has acquired the US based company Wetmore Tool & Engineering, a manufacturer of round tools specialized for the aerospace industry. The acquisition not only expands Dormer Pramet’s range of round tools but it also facilitates an improved position in key aerospace markets such as the United States, United Kingdom, etc. “The acquisition is aligned with Sandvik Machining Solutions’ growth strategy. Wetmore Tool & Engineering will add competence in application areas that complements our existing offering in round tools”, says Klas Forsström, President of Sandvik Machining Solutions. “I am very pleased that we have acquired Wetmore Tool & Engineering as they are a leader in air frame hole making, and this acquisition enhances our position as a one-stop-shop”, says Stefan Steenstrup, President of Dormer Pramet. In 2017 Wetmore Tool & Engineering generated revenues of about 160 million SEK and had 170 employees. The parties have agreed not to disclose the purchase price and the transaction was simultaneously signed and closed. The deal is accretive to earnings per share from the start.
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Special Feature
Innovation Alley compiled by Fastener World
Japanese SIT Develops AntiLoosening Petal Fastener SIT (Kyushu, Southern Japan) developed Petal Fastener used to prevent bolts and nuts from loosening. When mounted to a bolt, Petal Fastener creates contraction at the threaded portion. Additionally, the triangle springs are pressurejoined to the nut portion of Petal Fastener to prevent the bolt from loosening. Petal Fastener is mainly used in electric towers, highway sound-proof panels, etc. It is suitable for bolts of 4-42mm diameters and does not require tools to mount it. It weighs only 3 grams and is therefore suitable for use with large buildings.
Japanese Nihon Flash Develops Stud Welding Robot Hand welding requires the oper ator to weld on the cor rec t position using consistent pressure and therefore requires a high level of technical know-how. In light of that, Nihon Flash developed "Robo Stud" stud welding robot. Use the touch panel to set the welding position and the robot will automatically weld studs to the metal plate. Ordinar y stud welding robots use air cylinders to create motion but are subject to the influence of temperature and humidity and therefore cannot provide consistent pressure. "Robo Stud" uses motors to create motion and is not subject to environmental influences. It welds within a precision range of plus and minus 0.2mm and is suitable for studs of 3-10mm diameters. It can be used in sheet metal engineering in the electronics, automotive, household appliances and other industries.
German Schaeffertec Could Now Offer 12 and 16 mm LOXX® Screw with a 4.8 mm Thread Diameter
16 mm
16 mm
ø4,2 mm
ø4,8 mm
Schaef fer has added t wo new screws to its product range. The new self-tapping LOX X® screws (12 and 16mm) have a thread diameter of 4.8 mm, and are available in nickel and chrome plated. For comparison: The regular LOXX® screws have a thread diameter of 4.2 mm. If you want to replace an old press button system, you do not have to be worried about the LOXX® screw being too slim for the preexisting drill hole. Use the new LOX X® screw! Thanks to the thicker thread filling material becomes redundant. The screw won’t come loose.
Japanese Nitto Seiko Introduces NX500T3 Bolt Fastening Device Embedded with a torque sensor, Nitto Seiko's NX series bolt fastening device has been widely used by the automotive industry since its rollout to fasten safety critical components. The company's past models could reach only as much as 20N・m torque, but now the company has developed NX500T3 with a torque range suitable for M8 bolts which are often used on engines and transmissions. Product features: (1) The device uses the latest motor, torque sensor and newly-developed reducer. Torque range is expanded to 10~45N・m, increasing fastening precision. (2) Fastening channel configurations are now increased from 16 sets to 32 sets, making a single device capable of diverse fastening operations and suitable for low-volume and highdiversity production. (3) Added Ethernet port for data preservation and retraceability. The device can also determine whether a fastening operation is up to par by analyzing fastening waveform.
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Special Feature
Simpson Strong-Tie® Quik Stik™ Fastening Tool Reduces Worker Fatigue and Increases Productivity Simpson Strong-Tie, the leader in engineered structural connectors and building solutions, has introduced the Quik Stik rafter and truss fastening system, a new solution for overhead fastening designed to reduce the risk of construction workrelated injuries while boosting jobsite efficiencies, with speedier and more accurate fastening of rafter and truss assemblies. With a reach exceeding 43", the Quik Stik installation tool can eliminate the need for ladders and replace heavy pneumatic power nailers and compressor lines and the jobsite hazards and injuries they pose. Simply attach the Quik Stik to any corded or cordless drill or impact driver, load a Strong-Drive® SDWC Truss screw into the Quik Stik head, and drive the screw quickly, accurately, and easily. Features and benefits of the Quik Stik fastening system include the following:
• Fast installation with the ability to drive screws overhead from a standing position without the need for ladders • Enhanced job safety via rafter or truss fastening from inside the structure • Operational simplicity to enable less experienced users to work more quickly and efficiently • Built-in angle guidelines and a detachable bubble level to help ensure proper screw installation angles • Designed for use with any drill motor or impact driver
TR Launches the EPW, a Self-extruding High Strength Screw for Thin Sheet Metal The EPW screw is a self-extruding, high strength thread-form fastener which creates its own female thread in punched sheet metal, thereby dramatically reducing assembly times and costs. The screw works by being aligned to the pilot hole in the sheet metal, where it then forms the extruded collar, combining the forming of the thread and the creation of a strong extruded profile, before finally tightening and clamping into the metal.
Special Feature The screw is designed to function best in thin sheet materials, typically Steel (0.4-1mm thick) and Aluminum (0.4-1.5mm thick). They are available in a variet y of sur face coatings from standard Zinc plating to Zinc Nickel and organic Zinc flake for higher corrosion resistance. The screw is suitable for use in a variety of applications for home appliances, automotive, electronics, technology, energy, medical, telecoms and general industry sectors.
Floating Clamps with a Compact Design by Halder Ever y single day workers have to deal with spatial constraints caused b y t h e m a c h i n e , t h e c o m p o n e nt , and even the fixture while clamping workpieces. This handicap can quickly turn into a challenge when the task is to clamp complex components. The floating clamps made by Erwin Halder KG are uniquely suited to handle additional clamping points and clamp components that are extra thin and particularly sensitive to bending. The new compact design of these products makes them a superb choice for work in limited space.
EFC Introduces Innovative Fastening Solution For Utility Poles E F C I n te r n a t i o n a l , a l e a d i n g supplier of engineered fasteners, is pleased to announce the approval of Sherex Fastening Solutions‘ Large Size rivet nuts for use in steel utility poles by a leading energy company. The approval is in accordance with Specification for Tubular Steel Pole Transmission Line Structures SES-PD-027. The specification covers the minimum requirements for the design, drawings, material, fabrication, welding, coating, inspection, and delivery of tubular steel pole structures. Sherex Large Size rivet nuts eliminate the welding process and reduce the number of component s for installation. They also allow for a safer, onehanded installation of the step bolts in the field. “This is a significant cost savings for pole and tower manufacturers and we are excited to bring this product to the market,� states Paul Musgrove, Industrial and Distribution Sales Manager. These rivet nuts exceed application performance and safety requirements including maximum retention in fiberglass material and increased spin out resistance for pole structures. This innovative rivet nut will serve other industries including Automotive, Truck, Ag, Heavy Equipment, Rail, and HVAC. EFC is a strategic partner into these industries for Sherex and this partnership ensures customers receive the high-quality service they have come to expect.
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210 Indian News
Indian News
A Paradigm Shift at Sundram Fasteners Arathi Krishna, Managing Director, Sundram Fasteners, is scripting a change in the company’s approach. She is open to joint ventures as against her father Suresh Krishna who founded the company in 1966. In his five decades at the helm, the senior Krishna always maintained that two partners make strange bed fellows. Arathi, though not fully junking her father’s ideas, is keen to pursue her dreams of expanding the company’s horizons.
provided by Abhijat Sanghvi (Fastener Association of India)
She and her sister Arundhati are working towards building Sundram Fasteners into one of the greatest engineering institutions in India. Speaking on Suresh Krishna’s apprehensions regarding partnership Arathi said that different dreams may work together and the relationship can be compatible. On the work front, Arathi has been doing brilliantly. All 17 factories of the company are qualified for Deming Award, the highest recognition in the engineering space. In the last five years, the R&D spending rose four-fold from 0.5 to around 2 percent, almost a doubling of productivity per employee across factories. Maintaining operations and preparing the organization for changes in automotive industry are primary challenges. Arathi is eyeing to double the number of women employees and increase revenue from new product sales to 35 percent up from the present 20 percent.
ARaymond’s New Manufacturing Facility in Chennai Pune-based ARaymond Fasteners India, the indigenous branch of French ARaymond Network, is setting up a new plant in Chennai to serve its OE customers. The company began its operations in India with Tata Nano project in 2007 and is now planning to expand its warehouse network throughout India. A senior company spokesperson informed that ARaymond has recently constructed a warehouse in Chennai and plans to set up a manufacturing facility in the city. The plant is expected to start functioning from the second half of the next year. Once it becomes operational, the company will procure machines for the unit. Chennai was chosen for the significant presence of many OEMs such as Ashok Leyland, Ford, Hyundai, etc. With BSVI entering the Indian market, ARaymond is looking to supply customers the products they require. The new products will include fasteners with urea in it to control and maintain pressure at a certain degree. The company will also sell cooling connectors to keep temperatures at safe levels in electric cars. The company official also spoke about the many challenges regarding infrastructure and charging stations for e-vehicles.
Indian Manufacturers Have a Sunny Future Suresh Krishna, Chairman, Sundram Fasteners, believes Indian manufacturing, particularly the automotive sector, has a bright future. He traces its growth and what the future holds. For three decades from 1960 to 1990, India had licence raj and manufacturing sector had to contain with it. “There was very little impetus for private industries. The world never imagined that India could become a big market,” he said. “Back in those days we had a growth percentage of 3-4 percent with the government support. Nobody knew India very well. It didn’t help us and we used to export at loss. Then liberalization came in 1991 and the rest is history,” he added. Maruti was the first company to bring higher quality standards. Suppliers had to brace themselves to match the standards set by Maruti. This was further boosted with global automakers entering Indian shores and India was seen as a market that will offer quality components at price competitive rates. “Today exports comprise 35 percent of our sales,” he revealed. As automotive industry upgrades phenomenally and government continues to treat the sector as a wealth creating one, Krishna anticipates new developments in the years to come.
French Auto Giant PSA Plans Comeback in India PSA, the French auto major, has announced its plans to re-enter the Indian market with its Citroën brand. The PSA Group and CK Birla Group’s long-term partnership comprises two joint venture (JV) agreements. Under the first, PSA will hold a majority stake in the JV for the assembly and distribution of PSA passenger cars in India. Under the second, a 50:50 JV is formed between the PSA Group and AVTEC Ltd to manufacture and supply powertrains. Hosur has been chosen as the production site for powertrains and the vehicle plant will be at Tiruvallur near Chennai, both in Tamil Nadu. The capacity of the powertrain plant will be 3,00,000 gearboxes and 2,00,000 engines per annum, while the capacity of the vehicle assembly plant will be 1,00,000 vehicles per year. In early 2017, when the JV agreements were announced, the investment was estimated to be `700 Crore. The PSA Group has revised its investment at `1,250 Crore in eligible fixed assets.
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Bolts, screws, pins, nuts and other similar products made of iron or steel
212 Brazilian News
Fastener Import of Brazil Reaches US$ 648 Million
Export (Jan.-Dec. 2018) Export
Variation Jan.-Dec. 2017/2018
US$ 147.99 million
29.20 %
FOB Price
US$ 5.826 p/kg
23.00 %
Ton
25.403 thousand
4.50 %
Value
Others 18.2%
UK, 2.3%
The South American country closed its 2018 export and import results exceeding the figures recorded in 2017, which signals the trend to keep growing during 2019. In January-December 2018, Brazil exported more than 25 thousand tons of fasteners (incl. bolts, screws, nuts and similar others made of steel or iron), showing an increase of 4.5% from 2017. The total revenue was almost US$ 150 million and the average price was US$ 5.826 per KG. Its 10 main export destinations were USA (28%), Argentina (19%), Paraguay (7.8%), Germany (5.7%), France (5.5%), India (4.6%), Mexico (3.6%), Bolivia (2.8%), Chile (2.4%), and UK (2.3%).
USA 28%
Chile, 2.4% Bolivia, 2.8% Mexico, 3.6%
Argentina 19%
India, 4.6% France, 5.5% Paraguay 7.9%
Germany, 5.7%
However, the fastener import of Brazil doesn’t consider products assembled, such as auto parts, machines and many others that have bolts, screws, nuts etc. applied, making us believe that the combined statistics will far exceed the mark of 128 thousand tons.
Import (Jan.-Dec. 2018)
Value
Import
Variation Jan.-Dec. 2017/2018
US$ 648.74 million
8.90 %
US$ 5.262 p/kg
-0.90 %
123.292 thousand
9.90 %
FOB Price Ton
Spain, 2.1%
China 19.0%
Others 14.5%
Thailand, 2.2% S. Korea, 3.9%
USA 14.0%
France, 5.7% Taiwan 6.0%
Japan 12.0%
Italy 8.6% Germany 12.0%
On the other hand, the quantity of fasteners bought by Brazilian companies reached 123 thousand tons, an increase of 9.90% from 2017. Its total value was US$ 648.74 million and the average price was US$ 5.262 per KG. Its 10 main import origins were China (19%), USA (14%), Japan (12%), Germany (12%), Italy (8.6%), Taiwan (6%), France (5.7%), South Korea (3.9%), Thailand (2.2%), and Spain (2.2%).
27 states of Brazil have an annual GDP of around US$ 1.9 billion. São Paulo, the state representing around 32% on the GDP, received 48% of all fastener imports. Santa Catarina, representing 4.2% on the GDP, received 14% of all fastener imports, followed by Amazonas (9.85% of all fastener imports and 1.12% on the GDP), Paraná (9.62 of all fastener imports and 6% on the GDP), Rio Grande do Sul (4.25% of all fastener imports and 6.4% on the GDP), Rio de Janeiro (4% of all fastener imports and 11% on the GDP), Minas Gerais (3.35% of all fastener imports and 11% on the GDP), Bahia (2.59% of all fastener imports and 4.1% on the GDP), Pernambuco (1.39% of all fastener imports and 2.7% on the GDP), and Goias (0.85% of all fastener imports and 2.9% on the GDP). In terms of export, the 10 Brazilian states with more share were São Paulo (42.5%), Rio de Janeiro (21%), Santa Catarina (19.3%), Rio Grande do Sul (7.28%), Minas Gerais (4.34%), Paraná (2.2%), Bahia (0.3%), Ceará (0.29%), Amazonas (0,046%), and Pará (0.0064%).
Brazilian Automotive Production Grows 6.7% in 2018 and Achieves an Increase of 10.2% in Jan. 2019
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After a period of bitter and hard time, the production results of autos and motorcycles in Brazil were significantly improved in 2018 and are very likely to show continuous growth in 2019. In 2017 Brazil produced 2.699 million units of vehicles (incl. passenger cars, commercial vehicles, trucks and buses), and the figure in 2018, despite the lost part of May and June caused by a truck driver strike and elections, jumped to 2.880 million units in 2018 (a rise of 6.7%). The production of motorcycles in 2017 reached 882,876 units, but jumped to 1.036 million units in 2018 (a rise of almost 17.5%), which is also expected to grow 6.2% by the end of 2019, good news to the fastener sector and relevant others.
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Metalac SPS is Accredited to AS9100 Metalac SPS is one of the most important Brazilian fastener companies, specialized in products for critical and high strength applications in the automotive industry. This unit is a subsidiary of Precision Castparts Corp. a worldwide manufacturer of a wide variety of complex metal products for aerospace and industrial applications. With 65 years of activity in the industry, Metalac is celebrating the acquisition of AS9100, which is an important step forward for the company. The acquisition of AS9100 also makes the company become one of the most important suppliers in the aeronautical sector (the most rigorous sector in quality and technology). To acquire the certification requires significant investment in creation of a new operational division inside its headquarters located in Sorocaba City of SĂŁo Paulo, which is a modern and integrated plant for global manufacture. "This new area of expertise will certainly bring benefits to segments of automotive and industrial to the required new technical level, by adding new and differentiated equipment and improvements in the management", Metalac concluded in a press release.
Brazilian Walsywa Launches a Special Steel Anchor Bolt The new product developed by Walsywa - Fastening Systems for Civil Construction is a special metallic anchor, developed for application in structural sections (Structural Hollow Section - SHS), which is usable in structures where the access is restricted to only one side. Its use extends to reinforcements in towers and metal poles, application on fastening systems on oil and gas platforms, peripherals in telecommunication towers, grids and guard bodies in structural hollow sections, fixation of facades in the steel structure (such as parts on glass). The steel bolt by Walsywa (which consists of a 8.8 grade hexagonal bolt and a jacket with hexagonal and cone collars) is galvanized, easy to apply, able to withstand high loads and can be applied with load shortly after installation.
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American News
John Wolz, Editor of FIN (globalfastenernews.com) Mike McNulty, FTI VP & Editor (www.fastenertech.com) Compiled by Fastener World Inc.
Tariffs Dominant Story of 2018 U.S. tariffs were the dominant story in the fastener industry during 2018. In March, U.S. President Donald Trump signed a formal order imposing 25% tariffs on steel imports and 10% on aluminum imports. “It is worth mentioning that fastener products, which typically fall under the HTS code header of 7318, were largely spared,” stated National Fastener Distributors Association president Kevin Miller. “However, the short, medium and long-term effects of this action on steel and aluminum-related industries and downstream products are simply unknown and unknowable at this point. In a ceremony at the White House where he officially authorized the tariff, Trump characterized the tariffs as “a matter of necessity for our security.” The tariffs were justified because the Commerce Department reported that steel and aluminum imports “threaten to impair the national security,” as defined by Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962.
Industrial Fastener Stocks Show Strength in 2018 After two consecutive years of double-digit growth, the FIN Fastener Stock Index contracted in 2018, hampered by volatility that dominated the markets, making 2018 the worst year for stocks in a decade. The FINdex declined 7.1% during the year, compared to a 7% drop by an index of related industrial stocks. U.S. stocks had their worst December since the Great Depression, according to Yahoo Finance. The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell 9.7%, the Nasdaq Composite dropped 10.4%, and the S&P 500 declined 10%. During 2018, industrial fastener stocks replaced aerospace stocks as the dominant performer. FINdex stocks achieving growth during the year included Dorman Products (up 47.2%); Bisco Industries (up 87.2%); Grainger (up 19.5%); Lawson Products (up 27.7%); TriMas (up 2%); and Wesco Aircraft (up 6.8%).
U.S. steel users warned against the new tariffs. The Industrial Fasteners Institute sent an official letter to the White House. Dated February 22, the IFI letter warned against a tariff on steel. “In our view, the negative effects on downstream consumers of steel and aluminum far outweigh any benefits that may be afforded to the domestic metals industry. Specifically, we suggest that the negative impacts from these remedies will do more harm than good to our economy and national security than they will provide benefits to the domestic metals producing industries.”
During the final quarter of the year, the FINdex mirrored the markets, showing its biggest dive during the year. During Q4, the FINdex dropped 15.6%, compared to a 13.4% decline by an index of related industrial stocks.
The IFI joined 14 other trade associations representing over 30,000 US steel-using manufacturers to warn that the entire U.S. steel supply chain “will be damaged by restrictions on steel imports.”
FINdex stocks losing 20% or more in value during Q4 included Carpenter Technology (down 39.6%); Grainger (down 21%); Park Ohio (down 20%); Simpson Mfg. (down 25.3%); and Wesco Aircraft (down 29.5%).
The last time the U.S. imposed a global tariff on imported steel was in 2002 under President George W. Bush. The 30% tariff ended the following year after the WTO ruled the Section 201 remedy violated global trade practices. According to one independent study, the 2002 Bush steel tariffs cost 200,000 jobs because of higher steel prices.
The FINdex rose 9.2% in the third quarter after declining 0.4% in the previous quarter. An index of related industrial stocks increased 9.8% in Q3. Quarterly gains were achieved by a broad cross-section of fastener companies.
While U.S. fastener manufacturers were hit by the 232 tariffs, fastener distributors were squeezed by Section 301 tariffs of 10% on $200 billion worth of Chinese goods, including a majority of fasteners manufactured in China.
During 2018, multiple FINdex stocks saw declines of 20% or more, including Arconic (down 38.1%); Carpenter Technology (down 30%); ITW (down 24%); MSC Industrial (down 20.4%); Park Ohio (down 33.2%); Stanley Black & Decker (down 29.4%); and Tree Island Steel (down 20.5%).
During the first six months of 2018, both the FINdex and an index of related industrial stocks were essentially unchanged. The FINdex achieved marginal growth of 0.3% in the opening quarter of 2018, compared to an 11.7% loss by an index of related industrial stocks. During 2017, the FINdex rose 20.2%, boosted by aerospace fastener company gains. Aerospace fastener supplier KLX - the former B/E Aerospace fastener division - achieving a 51% increase in share price, driven by sales to commercial aerospace manufacturing customers.
Those tariffs were scheduled to increase to 25% on January 1, 2019. But leaders of the U.S. and China agreed to delay the rate hike for 90 days in hopes of providing time to find a solution to the trade war gripping the two largest economies in the world, Reuters reports.
Another FINdex winner during 2017 was Arconic - the former Alcoa Fastening Systems and Rings business, which achieved a 47% increase in its share value.
If no deal is reached within 90 days, both parties agreed that the 10% tariffs would be raised to 25%.
In 2016, the FINdex rose 20%, compared to an 11.1% increase by an index of related industrial stocks.
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Arconic Cancels $10b Acquisition Deal
Solon Manufacturing Celebrates 70 Years
A week after the Wall Street Journal reported that Arconic was nearing a US$10 billion deal to be acquired by Apollo Global Management for more than US$10 billion, the aerospace fastener and components manufacturer announced it had broken off talks with the buyer.
Founded in 1949, Solon Manufacturing Company is a global leader in the design and manufacture of Belleville springs, washers, industrial pressure switch products and SF6 gas density monitoring equipment to industries in over 40 countries. Today, Solon Manufacturing continues to thrive on the ideals of is founders—innovation and passion for the company and its stakeholders, which has led to 70 years of successful business, with 55 employees and three product lines.
“We did not receive a proposal for a full-company transaction that we believe would be in the best interests of Arconic’s shareholders and other stakeholders,” stated company chairman John C. Plant. Arconic, which includes Alcoa’s former US$1.8 billion Fastening Systems and Rings business, has been mulling possible takeovers since last summer when Apollo and two other companies expressed interest in the company. Arconic will continue with the previously announced sale process for its building and construction systems business, Plant said. For the third quarter of 2018, Arconic reported Engineered Products and Solutions (EP&S) revenue, primarily aerospace fasteners, increased 6% to $1.6 billion. Organic revenue was up 6%, driven by volume growth in aerospace engines and defense. Segment operating profit was US$238 million, down $1 million year over year, as volume growth across all business units was offset by unfavorable aerospace product price/mix and manufacturing inefficiencies in the Engineered Structures business. Segment operating margin was 15.2%, down 100 basis points year over year. Arconic was formed in 2016 after Alcoa's board unanimously approved a plan to separate Alcoa into two independent, publicly-traded companies. Torrance, CA-based Arconic Fastening Systems & Rings designs and manufactures fastening systems and rings, including specialty fasteners, fluid fittings, assembly components, installation systems, and seamless rings, for aerospace and industrial applications. Arconic employs about 1,550 people at five facilities in Texas, and more than 7,000 worldwide.
Endries Acquires Industrial Products Company Endries International, Brillion, WI, USA, has announced that the company has acquired Industrial Products Company (IPC), Lynchburg, VA, USA. Industrial Products Company is a provider of fasteners and related production components to the original equipment manufacturing (OEM) market. In addition to the headquarters in Virginia, IPC has warehouse locations in Mississippi, Nebraska and mainland China. IPC customers are served via a variety of service offerings including on-premises vendor managed inventory systems. Operating under ISO9001 and A2LA accreditation, IPC provides quality products and services to its OEM customers. Scott Wolf, the owner of IPC will remain with the company in a leadership position. Endries is a leading distributor of fasteners and Class-C parts serving industrial OEMs worldwide. From its headquarters in Brillion, and eight USA and international distribution centers, Endries provides over 500,000 SKUs to its customer base.
Boker’s Celebrates 100 Years & Expansion Boker’s, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA, a metal stamping manufacturer of precision metal stampings, washers, spacers and shims, is 100 years old in 2019. Boker’s will celebrate and honor its valued customers and employees throughout the year and also the opening of its new manufacturing facility. Boker’s is thankful and honored that it has been able to serve its customers and help them be successful over the past 100 years. The company is also grateful to be able to provide good quality jobs to its dedicated employees. Boker’s, founded in 1919 by Vitus Boker and his son, John, started their family business around their first products, an envelope folding machine and a small hand check protector. However, with his tooling knowledge, the enterprise began generating more revenue from manufacturing prototypes and custom parts for automated machinery. As word spread of Boker’s Fontana Gruppo Receives Indiana Delegation unique process for producing high-quality, short-run, stamped metal parts, On September 19, the demand grew. Vitus found himself entrenched within the stamping 2018, during a program industry as one of the pioneers of short-run stampings. The business boomed of meetings with leading and has continued to flourish throughout the years, growing in space and Italian companies present in Indiana, USA, the Honorable customer base. Today, Boker’s is still a privately held family-owned business, Governor Eric Holcomb and his delegation visited Fontana guided by Vitus Boker’s principals of hard work and attention to detail, with Gruppo headquarters in Veduggio, Italy. After a company Bill Tedlund as Chairman. From starting to help out the family business as presentation focusing in particular on the two Indiana children, the legacy continues with Bill’s children Wendy, Amy and Barry plants, the two delegations had a productive discussion on as shareholders. Chuck and Tony Kersey are the fifth generation in Sales medium-term, macro-economic scenarios. Fontana has and Marketing. Boker’s offers parts for almost every industry and product— been present in the state of Indiana since 2007, the year of from pay phones, coffee makers, medical devices, missiles and mail acquisition of its first plant in Frankfurt and its Logistics sorting machines to dental instruments, snowshoes and aircrafts. Boker’s is Center consolidating its position in 2014 with a further currently expanding its manufacturing facility to streamline processes and acquisition of Acument Global Technologies’ nine plants add capacity as product diversification continues to grow. New space adds including one in Rochester, IN, USA. 66,500 ft2, almost doubling the current manufacturing space.
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Chicago Rivet Inducted Into Business Hall of Fame The Blair County (Pennsylvania) Chamber of Commerce has inducted Chicago Rivet & Machine Co.’s Tyrone, PA, USA, facility into its Business Hall of Fame’s Class of 2018. Criteria for consideration include successfully operating within the region for 25 continuous years, a business’ involvement within the community and a review of a company’s employment growth and expansion within that time frame. The induction ceremony was held on October 15, 2018 at the Blair County Convention Center in Altoona PA, USA. Chicago Rivet & Machine Co. issued the corporate statement: “We are honored that our Tyrone team members have been recognized by the Blair County business community for their many years of outstanding and dedicated efforts on behalf of our organization. Every Tyrone team member past and present is responsible for Chicago Rivet & Machine Co.’s receipt of this hall of fame honor, for without their many years of contributions, this recognition could not be possible.” Chicago Rivet & Machine Co., headquartered in Naperville, IL, USA, is an IATF 16949-certified company.
Hillman Group Invests in New Facility The Hillman Group, Inc., headquartered in Cincinnati, OH, USA, is a leading solutions provider to the retail hardware market. The company has announced that it will relocate its Canadian National Distribution Centre and Head Office to a newly designed, modern 400,000 ft2 facility located in the Metro East Business Park in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. With the construction of the 350-employee, new facility approaching its completion, Hillman is entering the last phase of its Canadian facility modernization plan, consolidating seven operations around the greater Toronto area. Starting in early 2019, a phased move of the firm’s US$200+ million Canadian business will begin in the new location. “This facility will be efficient, advanced, and most importantly, will provide improved benefits for our customers, suppliers and staff,” commented Scott Ride, President of Hillman Canada. Hillman Group, Inc. is a leading North American provider of complete hardware solutions, delivered with industry-best customer service to more than some 26,000 customers.
LISI AUTOMOTIVE Acquires Assets of Hi-VOL Products LISI AUTOMOTIVE, a subsidiary of LISI Group, Paris, France, has confirmed the acquisition of 100% of the assets of Hi-Vol Products LLC. Hi-Vol Products is a leading USA manufacturer of mechanical safety components for the automotive industry. The acquisition reaffirms the strategy of LISI AUTOMOTIVE, which aims to strengthen its globally recognized position as a specialist in the production of Safety Mechanical Components.
American News
Lawson Products Opens New Branch in Canada
JW Winco, Inc. Opens a New Branch in Mexico
Lawson Products, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA, a distributor of products and services to the MRO marketplace, has opened a new The Bolt Supply House branch in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, resulting in presence in all four western Canada provinces. The 12,000 ft2 facility, in the Port Kells industrial area of Surrey, British Columbia, is stocked with key industrial fastener products.
JW Winco, Inc., New Berlin, WI, USA, A Ganter Company, has recently opened a new branch in Mexico located at Parque industrial Makro, Bodega 10, Santa Catarina, N.L. 66359. The new branch has over 1200 ft2 of office space as well as more than 10,000 ft2 of warehouse space, and features a modern design. “We will be stocking more than 4000 parts initially to improve our service to our customers in Mexico,” commented Carlos Cantu, Mexico branch General Manager. “The building features great logistics that will enable us to provide quick delivery to our customers throughout Mexico. The branch will provide our clients with local support and technical training, and of course we will continuously add new products to fulfill our clients’ needs when it comes to a wide selection of metal and plastic standard machine components.” JW Winco has also made various improvements to its Spanish website. Improvements include updating the navigation to show subgroups. The Spanish website also provides 3D CAD and on-line buying.
ASG of Jergens Opens Warehouse in Ireland In order to better service its international customers, ASG, Division of Jergens, Inc., has opened a warehouse in Limerick, Ireland. ASG will now ship directly from this location to the surrounding European countries. With inventory housed locally, customers will see many benefits including reduced freight costs, dutyfree shipments and improved lead time. ASG continues its mission to deliver products, services and solutions on time and at a competitive value.
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European News
Trifast Continues Solid Growth and Investment
Bossard Invests in 3D Printing
Trifast Plc reported Group revenue for the six months to 30th September 2018 at GB£105 million (€116.7 million), an increase of 7.3% at actual exchange rate. Organic revenue grew by 4.2% at constant exchange rate with gross margins holding above target. Profit before tax was GB£8 million, 12% down year-on-year. Underlying profit rose 6.8% at constant exchange rate.
Bossard Group has acquired a 49% stake in 3d-prototyp GmbH, with the intention of increasing the stake to 100% within 3 years. The acquisition is part of a longterm strategy under which Bossard intends to establish itself in the future market of 3D printing. Bossard announced partnerships with three manufacturers of 3D printers in Spring 2018, taking over the representation and distribution of these companies for the Swiss market.
European revenue grew 6.6% to GB£38.4 million (AER), including double digit growth in the automotive sector in Holland, electronics sector in Hungary, and general industrial sector in Germany. In Italy, ongoing volume reductions from the Group's largest domestic appliance customer offset some of the gains. UK revenue increased 10.8% to GB£39.2 million, with the majority of the increase emanating from the acquisition of Precision Technology Supplies. Gross margin gains from the acquisition were largely offset by expected lower margins from other UK business due to purchase price inflation as a result of Sterling weakness. Trifast emphasised that around 70% of Group revenues and profits are generated outside the UK. Notwithstanding the longer-term implications of BREXIT, Trifast believes shorter term operational and financial impact will be manageable, with a cross-functional team having worked for two years to prepare to mitigate the risks of a no-deal scenario. Asian revenue grew 3.9% to GB£30.8 million, largely driven by domestic appliance business in Singapore and increased distributor sales from Taiwan factories. In China ongoing automotive growth offset a decline in electronic business, some of which migrated to India, where TR says it is starting to recover sales. Excellent growth in the USA, with revenues increasing 31.1% to GB£4.3 million, was primarily due to ongoing penetration into existing automotive multinational OEM customers. To support this strong regional growth, Trifast has relocated to a larger distribution facility. Trifast invested GB£1.3 million in increased manufacturing capacity and capability, notably in Singapore and Italy, “with more to follow”. Considering key market sectors, Trifast said 90% of its automotive business is not related to the combustion engine, which means that increased electric vehicle production represents a significant growth opportunity. Trifast does expect short term reductions in UK automotive volumes due to changes in product cycles and model builds reflecting decreased demand for diesel powertrains. Customer specific factors, particularly in Italy and China, resulted in muted performance in the domestic appliance and electronic sectors. However, strong growth in other regions gives Trifast confidence these markets continue to have attractive long-term potential.
3d-prototyp GmbH has built a reputation in additive manufacturing of complex plastic parts and models. It has extensive experience in 3D scanning of free-form surfaces and complex geometries. Bossard expects to gain additional practical know-how in the additive manufacturing of plastic applications as a development partner and contract manufacturer. The Group aims to support customers from the design phase through to parts production and to advise on equipment selection and associated manufacturing technologies. Over the next few years, it intends making further targeted investments in the expansion of design and engineering. Bossard says it believes 3D printing has a future in various areas of manufacturing, including prototyping, complex geometry components, multi-part assemblies and parts where weight reduction plays a significant role. Bossard is also interested in the fastening solution challenges associated with new materials increasingly being used with 3D printing.
NORMA Reports Strong Organic Sales Growth NORMA increased Group sales by 7% to €817.1 million in the first nine months of 2018. Organic growth was strong at 9.7%. However, its EBITA margin slipped to 16%, impacted by raw material inflation and US tariffs. The acquisitions of Fengfan, Kimplas and Statek contributed 1.4% to Group sales growth. Negative currency effects reduced sales growth by 4.1%. Nine-month sales in Europe, Middle East and Africa grew 1.8% to €375.7 million, including contribution from the acquisition of Statek in August. Growth weakened in the third quarter, mainly due to the generally difficult situation in the European automotive sector with declining production figures. American sales rose 7.9% to €334.3 million buoyed by good order volume in the commercial vehicles and agricultural machinery business in the US. In the Asia-Pacific region, nine-month sales rose by 26.5% year-onyear to €107.2 million. This reflected very good business performance in the Engineered Joining Technology division, with additional contributions from the acquisition of Kimplas. Adjusted EBITA declined by 2.9% in the first nine months to €130.5 million. The adjusted EBITA margin was 16% - down from 17.6% in the same period 2017. NORMA says the main reason for the decline in earnings and margin was the tense situation on the international raw material markets. Higher prices for stainless steel and alloy surcharges, force majeure in the area of important plastic components and the US punitive tariffs on steel had a negative impact. Raw material shortages temporarily generated variable special costs in procurement, production and logistics.
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Bulten Wins Further EV Contract Bulten has strengthened its electric vehicle full service provider portfolio through the award of a further contract from a major European automotive manufacturer. Tommy Andersson, president and CEO of Bulten, commented: “The award of a second Electric Vehicle FSP contract in a short space of time confirms that the approach and expertise Bulten brings to this field is recognised and appreciated by major OEMs within the automotive industry.” The contract is initially valued at €5 million per annum and then follows the vehicles volume curve. Deliveries are expected to start in September 2020 to gradually increase up to full capacity in 2021 and continue for a period of 5 years.
Apolo MEA Rebrands Under the Name CELO Apolo MEA Befestigungssysteme GmbH will rebrand under the name CELO Befestigungssysteme GmbH. This change solely concerns the company name, the legal form of the company, the general managers and the address remains the same. This step is the logical consequence of the dynamic growth of the CELO Group, to which Apolo MEA Befestigungssysteme has belonged since 2009. CELO Group is an internationally successful family-owned group of companies, with a core competence in the development, manufacturing and distribution of highquality technical screws and technical fixings. In recent years the group has expanded strongly mainly through acquisitions – in that sense the time has come to unite the diversity of brands within the CELO Group. CELO is preparing for the future with a uniform, fresh appearance of the entire group. The CELO Group employs around 360 people in 17 countries worldwide, owns four production sites in Germany, Spain, China, and the United States, and delivers its products to more than 80 countries. CELO Befestigungssysteme GmbH will remain loyal to its Aichach location in Germany. In recent years, innovative fastening systems have been launched on the market from here. Due to the positive business development, further investments are planned at the location in Aichach.
Company Founder Rainer Lederer Retires Rainer Lederer founded the company that continues to bear his name 49 years ago together with Hans Lipinski. At the beginning of 2019 he retires fully from a business that has grown to become one of the most respected in the European fastener sector. In the 1970s and 1980s Rainer Lederer developed the company, at that time still Lederer + Lipinski, into one of the market leaders for the trade with stainless steel screws in Europe. Making the move to Ennepetal in 1975 and then with the construction of the new building in Katzbachstraße in 1988, he took major economic risks. They paid off, and throughout the company was always very profitable. At the beginning of the 1990s he realised that it was also possible to be successful with special screws and C-parts management. With this he laid the foundations for all the things that make Lederer what it is today and with which it remains very successful. When he handed over the company in 2012, his son, Dr Volker Lederer, was able to take over a very profitable and respected company. Rainer Lederer had not only done an outstanding job economically, but also from a human point of view. What about the personal relationship between founder and successor? When father and son work together, conflicts are practically inevitable. It's no secret that the two were absolutely no exception in this respect. However, Rainer Lederer has acted confidently and with foresight when it comes to important decisions. As early as 2006, he told his son that in case of disagreement, it was Volker Lederer that could make the final decision. Rainer Lederer's simple and accurate reasoning: After all, the company is his son's future, not his!
Henkel Starts Work on New Global Innovation Centre Henkel has laid the cornerstone for its new Adhesives Technologies Global Innovation Centre at its headquarters in Düsseldorf, Germany. The company will be investing more than €130 million in this stateof-the-art building and, once completed, the facility will enhance the development of new technologies and applications for a variety of industries. Henkel’s new Adhesives Technologies Global Innovation Centre will also serve as a global customer centre where Henkel will present solutions for adhesives, sealants and functional coatings. It will support UK customers seeking tailor-made solutions and provide complementary facilities to those at Henkel’s UK headquarters in Hemel Hempstead. The seven-story centre will contain numerous laboratories, research and testing facilities, office space and conference rooms spreading over an area of 50,000m2. It will house around 350 employees from R&D, product development, application technology and service that currently work in different buildings across the Düsseldorf site. The opening of the innovation centre is planned for the end of 2020.
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Russian News
MMK-METIZ Has a New CEO The MMK group carried out a number of changes in the management team. Alexander Mukhin was appointed Director of Magnitogorsk Hardware-Calibration Plant MMK-METIZ, OJSC by decision of the Board of Directors of MMK, PJSC. On December 1, 2018 he began to work in a new position. Prior to that, Alexander Mukhin was the head of the technical department of MMK, PJSC. The former head of the company, Oleg Shiryaev, was appointed deputy of General Director for production at Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Combine, PJSC.
INSTRUM-RAND Has Received a Large Order for Electronic Torque Wrenches fischer in Russia Summed up the Year 2018. It is Preparing for a Breakthrough The company fischer summed up the results of its activities in Russia for 2018. The trade turnover grew by 16 %, which corresponds to the initial forecast budget, the regional presence was increased significantly, and the geography of supplies was expanded. The company has opened a new warehouse, the conditions of which allow to satisfy all the needs of partners and customers. It also contributed to the introduction of a new IT system. Education and training in the Russian “fischer Academy” is now held on an ongoing basis. “The challenge for 2019 will be to improve our work with the consumer and bring new products to the market for further growth. We are preparing for a breakthrough in the new year in a number of areas, and I am sure that all our partners and customers will appreciate it”, - said Andrei Egorov, General Director of fischer in Russia. The company has expanded the list of objects on which its products are used. Eight World Cup stadiums in Kaliningrad, Sochi, Kazan, Saransk, Rostov, Moscow, St. Petersburg were built using the fischer solutions. The company has expanded cooperation with retail chains. In 2018 the DIY segment occupied about 17 % in the turnover.
INSTRUM-RAND, CJSC received the largest order for the manufacture of electronic torque wrenches of KD series in the entire history of the enterprise in the field of electronic measuring instruments. A distinctive feature of this batch of KD series keys is the ability to work with different lengths of key nozzles which do not affect the accuracy of measurement. A feature of this batch of torque keys is the ability to work with different types and lengths of nozzles.
Technical Re-equipment of the Main Production Continues in BelZAN JSC. In the Nut Workshop - New Machines In December 2018, three nut-cutting machines were installed and put into operation in the nut shop of the enterprise: two SNT-19A and one SNT-16A. The equipment was supplied by San Shing Fastech (Taiwan), one of the world’s leaders in the production of nuts and equipment for their manufacture. A few years ago, BelZAN purchased two nut-cutting automats for nuts of large diameters from the same company. With the use of these machines, problems with the quality of the thread on the nuts supplied to KAMAZ PJSC were completely solved. In the first half of 2019, the specialists of OGT and the nut shop will work on tying a number of nuts to new equipment in order to maximally load the modern equipment and eliminate the use of obsolete nut-cutting equipment. According to the plant specialists, the sorting and control operations will be significantly reduced. As a result, the enterprise is expected to reduce the cost of manufacturing nuts. San Shing Fastech, in addition to cutting equipment, supplied BelZAN with an SPC-station, capable of automatically measuring the main geometrical characteristics of the core details. The SPC-station, according to the company's website, is in many ways a pilot project that allows introducing and mastering a qualitatively different approach to the organization of production, to meeting consumer requirements for the product quality. Mass use of similar equipment, which is planned in the future, in many respects will allow excluding the possibility of the appearance of non-conforming products at the manufacturing stage.
Greatest Moments to Remember: Fastener World in 1st Half of 2001 Compiled by Fastener World In the 1st half of 2001, several fastener companies set up new factories or developed new machines. Some fastener associations and institutes also welcomed new chairmen, transformed into corporations or gave members meetings, making 2001 a vibrant year for the industry. In addition, Taiwan held its first edition of trade show for hardware and home appliances, while public media were also broadcasting the emergence of e-commerce. In 2001, we saw an epoch in the history of Taiwanese fastener industry.
Taiwan Industrial Fasteners Institute (TIFI) Held the 12th Members Meeting The 12th TIFI members meeting was held at Chientan Youth Activity Center (Taipei), attracting nearly 250 members in attendance, including the then TIFI chairman (Mr. John Wu), then Taiwan CSC general manager, a n d t h e n d i r e c t o r of I n d u st r y Development Bureau of Ministry of Economic Affairs (Taiwan), who announced news of benefits for Taiwanese fastener industry.
Taiwan Fastener Trading Companies Association (Now TFTA) Paid a Visit to Southeast Asia The then TFTCA chairman Vincent Lue organized during his tenure the last delegation to visit 6 Taiwanese-invested fastener compa nies in Thaila nd a nd Malaysia. He called upon his industry p e e r s to b ewa r e of t he international market changes and the influences Taiwan Government’s policies might cause to the fastener industry and make preparations for possible future changes.
Taiwan Bolt Club Elected First Chairman Taiwan Bolt Club was renamed to Fastener Industry Development Promotion Association of R.O.C. (Taiwan) on April 6th, 2001 and Mr. Lin Zing-Tsuen was elected the first chairman.
Zephyr Chang was Elected Chairman of Taiwan Fastener Trading Companies Association (TFTCA) T F TCA held t he cha i r ma n h a n d ove r on M a r ch 8, 2 0 01. Witnessed by TFTCA founder ch a i r m a n M r. Ja mes Su , t h e position of TFTCA chairman was officially handed over from Mr. Vincent Lue to Mr. Zephyr Chang. The new chairman, Mr. Zephyr Chang hoped that the number of members could increase to 80 and become a corporate organization.
Taiwan Fastener Trading Companies Association Held First Chairman Cup Golf Games On May 9th 2001, TFTCA held the 1st Chairman Cup golf games.
China, S. Korea and Taiwan Fastener Industries Conference was Held in Shanghai On June 8, 2001, China, S. Korea and Taiwan Fastener Industries Conference took place in Shanghai. The then TIFI chairman John Wu brought a delegation of 23 representatives to participate in the grand event.
Rodex Fasteners Held a Corporate Conference Before Becoming an OTC Traded Company At the end of Dec. 2000, Rodex Fasteners held a corporate conference before becoming an OTC t rade d compa ny, making it the 5th Taiwanese fastenerrelat e d compa ny successfully traded over-the-counter.
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Special Feature
Gwo Lian Machinery Released a New Environment Friendly Combined Descaling Machine O n De c. 28-29, 20 0 0, Gwo Lian Machinery held an open house activity for its new products. The machine released could help reduce the use of hydrochloric acid and diminish the impact on the environment.
Cheng Ta Toolings Metal New Plant Inauguration & 20th Anniversary The plant located in Gangshan (Kaohsiung) spans the area of nearly 4,000 sqm with up to 60 employees. At that time, C h e n g Ta a lso h a d a branch in Dongguan and planned to set up another pla nt in Sha nghai, making it a very wellestablished big company.
Yoang Ming Moved to New Plant General manager M.J. Yang determined to set up a new plant at the cost of more than NT$ 60 million at Changhua Coastal Park due to its complete satellite supply chain and convenient location.
Lian Her Screws & Hardware New Manufacturing Site Inauguration Lia n Her Screws & H a r d wa r e a d d e d a n ew complex buildi ng t hat combined wholesale logistics a nd administ ration on Yenping Rd. of Taipei City, a c c eler at i ng sh ipment s, increasing competitiveness and transforming f rom a domestic-sales company into an export-oriented company.
First Fastener Expo New Delhi Held in India The first edition of 4 -day Fastener Expo took place at P ragati Maida n on Dec. 3rd, 20 0 0, a t t r a ct i ng t he attendance of more than 30 t housa nd visitors. Companies brought by Fastener World Inc. (incl. Homn Reen, Ray Fu, etc.) were also present at Taiwan Pavilion.
National Industrial Fastener Show/West In Nov. 2000, more than 500 companies went to exhibit at National Industrial Fastener Show/West, the then world’s largest fastener show. Fastener World also brought 22 Taiwanese companies to exhibit.
Special Feature
First Taipei International Hardware & Home Appliances Show Held at Taipei World Trade Center On May 3-5, 2001, the first edition of Taipei International Hardware & Home Appliances Show was held at Taipei World Trade Center. 94 Taiwanese exhibitors were present to showcase their products and more than 2,500 visitors visited the show.
Hardware & Tools Exhibition, Dubai This trade show was held by EPOC at Dubai World Trade Centre and was only open to industry professionals. With 13 ports, Dubai is quite a convenient trade location. The Middle East is also one of the interesting markets many fastener companies would like to tap into.
The 21st Edition National Industrial Fastener Show/Columbus The 21st edition of National Industrial Fastener Show/Columbus was held on May 21-22, 2001, attracting 1,272 exhibitors to exhibit their products. Many exhibitors appreciated the specialty of the show and expressed their interest in re-attending the event.
The 1st Industrial Fastener & Forming International in Cleveland The Industrial Fastener & Forming International took place on June 5-7, 2001. The participants in this grand event included several Taiwanese exhibitors brought by Fastener World Inc.
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“ Global Economy Prospect for 2019 & How to Utilize Government Resources ” Lecture Highlights covered and written by Dean Tseng, Fastener World
The year 2018 sprouted quite a few unprecedented phenomena and popular words— “BREXIT”, “Fed interest rate hike”, “tariff battle”, “the Trump wall”, and a few words from Taiwan such as “New Southbound Policy” and “Kaohsiung City Mayor Han Kuo-yu” which you might have heard of from the Asian news media. You might have felt something with some of those words, whether it is positive or negative. 2018 was like a ride of roller coaster with twists and turns and was full of uncertain factors. How is 2019 going to pan out for the global economy? Are there any traces we can pick up on? On March 4, Taiwan External Trade Development Council invited Mr. Jiann-Chyuan Wang, Vice President of Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research, for a lecture on the global economy in 2019 in which he talked about the global and Taiwanese main economic indicators as well as the challenges for Taiwan. Wang has an American Ph.D. in economics and has met with U.S. think tanks and hence knows what Taiwan faces in the global economy and trade.
Manufacturing PMI Revised Down in Most Countries Taiwan in an All-Out Effort to Keep GDP Growth Rate Above 2% The world’s GDP growth rate went up gradually in recovery from 2.9% in 2015 to a peak of 3.3% in 2018. The estimated growth rate for 2019 is revised down to 3.2%, signifying a slower economic growth for the global economy this year. That goes the same for developed countries whose estimated growth rate in 2019 is 2.2%, down from 2.4% in 2018. The emerging countries are estimated to remain unchanged at 4.8%. However, the developing countries have an estimated growth to 3.6% from 3.2%. Of all the countries in the world, the U.S. will be likely to drop from 2.9% to 2.7%, the euro zone from 1.9% to 1.5%, China from 6.6% to 6.1%, and Japan from 1% to 0.9%. And what about Taiwan? Taiwan is likely to drop from 2.6% to 2.1%, so it is a long shot to keep it above 3% and it is going to take a lot of effort to keep it above 2%. Interestingly, Brazil is likely to hike from 1.4% to 1.9%, Cambodia from 6.9% to 7.2%, South Africa from 0.5% to 1.4%, and Brunei from 1.6% to 5.8%.
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Industry Focus Wang particularly noted that the manufacturing PMIs for most countries around the world were revised down at the end of 2018. China and South Korea fell below the dividing line which is a reading of 50.0 (numbers over 50.0 indicates an improvement, while others below 50.0 suggest a decline). The euro zone, Japan and Singapore revised down but barely remained at the edge above the dividing line. The U.S. declined from 59 to 54, signifying a slower growth of purchase. Is that the same for Taiwan? Exactly. Taiwan’s manufacturing PMI stumbled from 57 in 2018 to 45 at the end of 2018, and despite a minor uptick to 48 in January 2019, the country is still in a state of decline with the PMI below the dividing line. Did you notice anything from the figures? The PMIs for major countries in the world are expected to decline at the beginning of 2019. Taiwan is also affected and businesses are not looking forward to it. Additionally, Wang pointed out the negative PMI performance of the automotive industry. In Wang’s prediction, Taiwan’s export and domestic demand will be less than expected, big companies will profit more than small ones do, and Northern Taiwan will see more demand than Southern Taiwan. There are multiple factors in play, including the trade battle, the new controversial labor laws and the price hike of oil.
Mr. Jiann-Chyuan Wang, Vice President of ChungHua Institution for Economic Research
The 3 M-Forms in Taiwan The term “M-Form Society” isn’t new, but Wang reminded all of the appearance of the so-called “3 M-forms” in Taiwan. The first “M” is the aforementioned M-Form Society where the gap between the haves and have-nots enlarges. The second is M-Form Industry, where large corporations are able to retain or create revenues via automation and Smart Factory, whereas medium and small companies with few resources and workforce are having an ordeal dealing with recessed demand and rising costs. The last one is M-Form Wage that causes the younger generation’s feelings of deprivation, economic recession and social conflicts. It also caused the political figures to prefer shortsighted policies to long-term and time-consuming plans established for the whole society and economy. The 3 M-Forms are a warning sign of deteriorating social welfare in Taiwan that is worth reflecting on for the Taiwanese people.
Strategies for Taiwan? Wang said there is a “black swan” in the world which implies the Trump administration. Trump’s battle against China could be a zerosum game with no winner for both sides, and the actions of each side will affect the export of Taiwan’s manufacturing industry. There is also the “two gray rhinos” which stand for Fed interest rate hike and the fluctuations of oil and raw materials price. Taking on those challenges, Taiwan’s manufacturing industry should focus on technical innovation and seek to become a strategic partner with the U.S. in the backdrop of American re-industrialization. Also, it should refer to the strategies of Swiss industries and roll out delicate products, brands and services as a part of a transformation to higher value-add products manufacturing. You might think, “Transformation to higher value-add products manufacturing is a term too abstract to comprehend.” So, Wang gave an example of his visit to Switzerland. Switzerland services its surrounding countries with extremely delicate services. This country has a financial sector that highly stresses on confidentiality. Furthermore, the Swiss city pass offers transportation by trains, city buses and even ferries in one pass and it comes with a free app integrating the information of major transportation vehicles, giving you the exact time of arrivals and departures of any vehicle types on your phone screen. The concept of delicate service is starting to take shape in Taiwan’s fastener industry. An example is to adopt intelligent software and sensors to digitize production data, so clients will be able to check order status online anywhere. Another one is to send maintenance staff or technicians overseas to the client’s company for a repair service. However, the fact that the concept is taking shape in Taiwan means that there is much room for improvement and there are various ways to present. Wang said a higher level of delicate service means creating more distinction and uniqueness to differentiate from China and other major countries in order to attract overseas orders. Certainly, Taiwanese companies will also need a well-arranged national policy from the government to support their investments. They cannot be left out in the world market fighting alone against the hordes of other competitors.
Utilizing Government’s Resources to Avoid Risks & Expand Overseas Sales
Mr. Min-Jun Wu, Specialist from The Export-Import Bank of the Republic of China
Apart from Wang, specialist Mr. Min-Jun Wu from The Export-Import Bank of the Republic of China was invited to talk about the ways to avoid risks in trading to successfully expand overseas sales. The main focus of this lecture is where he said a lot of companies cannot get the payment after they already shipped out the products. Sometimes they found themselves unpaid for because the companies they traded with (especially those in the Middle East or underdeveloped countries) went bankrupt or because they unfortunately met a con man. In light of this, the Export-Import Bank, owned by the Ministry of Finance (Taiwan), provides the so-called “export insurance” as an additional layer of protection and collects payments for the insured companies.
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2018 Financial Reports of Fastener Companies
Industry Focus Compiled by Fastener World Updated on January 31, 2019 Monetary unit in millions
USA
Period
(USD)
Year Ended Dec.
Sales
(USD)
13,403
1,597
227
2017
11,652
1,159
217
Change (%)
+15.0
+37.7
+1.8
4,134 as of Dec. 2018 vs. 4,238 as of Dec. 2017
Net Income
Total Assets
Revenues
Operating Income
Pre-tax Income
2018
193.284
10.324
10.120
6.949
2017
156.954
6.315
6.342
4.051
+23.1
+63.4
+59.5
+71.5
Change (%) Period
(USD)
Year Ended Dec.
Net Sales
Total Assets 17,920.588 as of Dec. 2018 vs. 15,841.258 as of Dec. 2017
3,229.391
2,360.767
2017
20,252.393
1,749.957
1,318.688
+23.7
+84.5
+79.0
Net Sales
Gross Profit
2018
4,965.1
2,398.9
999.2
2017
4,390.5
2,163.6
+13.0
+10.8
Change (%)
Operating Income
76.299 as of Aug. 2018 vs. 65.780 as of Aug. 2017
Net Earnings
25,067.279
Period
(USD)
Pre-tax Earnings
2018
Change (%)
Year Ended Dec.
Total Assets
Net Income
2018
Period Year Ended Aug.
Pre-tax Income
Pre-tax Earnings
Net Earnings
Total Assets
987.0
6.949
881.8
873.1
4.051
+0.1
+13.0
+71.5
3,321.5 as of Dec. 2018 vs. 2,910.5 as of Dec. 2017
Europe
(CHF)
Regions
2018 Net Sales
2017 Net Sales
Change (%)
Europe
493.0
444.9
+ 10.8
America
240.9
220.3
+ 9.4
Asia
137.2
121.0
+ 13.4
Group
871.1
786.2
+ 10.8
Period
(EUR)
Year Ended Mar.
Revenues
Gross Profit
Operating Profit
Pre-tax Profit
Net Profit
2018
197.632
60.246
18.983
18.503
15.086
2017
186.512
58.017
17.861
17.340
12.698
+5.9
+3.8
+6.2
+6.7
+18.8
Change (%)
Total Assets 188.656 as of Mar. 2018 vs. 177.230 as of Mar. 2017
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Industry Focus Business Segments
2018 Sales
2017 Sales
Engineered Components
967.0
925.8
+4.4
Fastening Systems
437.1
384.0
+13.8
Distribution & Logistics
334.5
322.9
+3.6
1,738.6
1,632.7
+6.5
Regions
2018 Sales
2017 Sales
Switzerland
354.0
340.9
+3.8
Europe
714.7
651.9
+9.6
Americas
307.6
281.4
+9.3
Asia
358.0
353.9
+1.1
1.3
4.6
-5.4
1,738.6
1,632.7
+6.5
Gross Sales
(CHF)
Africa, Australia Total
Change (%)
Change (%)
Japan Period Year Ended Jun. (JPN)
Revenue
548
614
714
2017
13,440
604
668
516
+5.5
-9.2
-8.1
+38.4
13,956
708
732
546
-1.5
+29.1
+19.3
-23.6
Revenue
Operating Profit
Ordinary Profit
Net Profit
2018
22,777
600
856
592
2017
20,868
455
680
599
+9.1
+32.1
+25.8
-1.1
23,610
670
920
650
+3.7
+11.5
+7.4
+9.7
Change (%)
Period
Kobayashi Metals (JPN)
Change (%) Prospect for Year Ended Oct.
Net Profit
14,174
2019
Year Ended Oct.
Ordinary Profit
2018
Change (%) Prospect for Year Ended Jun.
Operating Profit
2019 Change (%)
Total Assets
15,484 as of Jun. 2018 vs. 15,394 as of Jun. 2017
Total Assets
23,631 as of Oct. 2018 vs. 23,544 as of Oct. 2017
South Korea Sales
Gross Profit
2018
79,004
8,393
772
1,672
2017
83,101
10,851
3,152
3,024
-4.9
-22.6
-75.5
-44.7
Period
Year Ended Aug. (KRW)
Change (%)
Operating Net Income Total Assets Profit 94,716 as of Aug. 2018 vs. 93,203 as of Aug. 2017
Industry Focus
Southeast Asia Period
Chin Well (MYR)
Year Ended Jun.
Revenue
Pre-tax Profit
Net Profit
591.294
99.002
68.116
66.736
55.884
2017
521.289
91.740
63.253
62.176
50.903
+13.4
+7.9
+7.6
+7.3
+8.9
Period
(INR)
Operating Profit
2018
Change (%)
Year Ended Mar.
Gross Profit
Total Income
Pre-tax Profit
Net Income
2018
4,702.990
75.361
490.516
2017
4,222.757
60.292
391.055
+11.3
+24.9
+25.4
Change (%)
Total Assets 665.246 as of Jun. 2018 vs. 621.275 as of Jun. 2017
Total Assets 1,738.839 as of Mar. 2018 vs. 977.808 as of Mar. 2017
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Industry Focus
How 2020 Tokyo Olympics Games May Influence Fastener Demand in Japan by Sharareh Shahidi Hamedani
Introduction When Japan hosted the Games in 1964, it was not only the first ever to be held in Asia, it also marked the country’s emergence from the post-war era and its return to the global stage as a major economic force. Will Tokyo’s 2020 Olympics be a gamechanger for Japan once again?
Following items can be in the focus of attention: 1. Types of Construction Fasteners A. Anchors, Studs, Bolts, Nuts, Screws and Washers that are made of Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Aluminium, Brass and Silicon Bronze. 2. Different Types of Fasteners Used in Rail Construction B. All different types of fasteners used in the automotive industry. C. Rail Spikes, Screw Spikes, Fang Bolts, Spring Spikes are fasteners used in the rail construction.
The Tokyo Olympics may still be one and half years away, but it has already created quite a buzz. The 2020 Tokyo Summer Olympics will boost the Japanese economy as much as 30 trillion yen (S$350 billion) by the year of the Games, according to a report by the Bank of Japan. Tokyo’s 2020 Olympics could offer a temporary boost to Japan’s economy. According to the Bank of Japan, this can take two forms. One is the increase in infrastructure spending ahead of the event; the other is the growth in inbound tourism.
Transportation by rail is one of the most cost-effective ways of transporting heavy goods over land. It can also be used for the regular transportation of items in a much smaller scale, such as a commercial setting. For instance, there are many mines around the world that still use rail as a means of transporting ore. This simply proves the reliability and affordability of this form of transport.
Construction investment related to the Olympics, such as the building and refurbishment of stadiums, athletes’ villages, hotels, and transport development, is expected to reach ¥8-10 trillion. Projects are well underway. The central bank estimates that this could push up GDP by an annualised 0.4%-0.6% through 2018-19.
Tokyo’s 2020 Olympics suggests that although the economic impact is positive, it is unlikely to be large or sustainable, with investment peaking between 2018 and 2019. It is a clue for the fastener industry, for success they shouldn’t scarify long term investment because of short-term sale opportunities and its benefits. Some of the long-term benefits for the fastener industry are:
The Fastener Industry and Olympics 2020 The direct effect of the Olympics 2020 is on construction fasteners. It will increase the domestic usage of fasteners in Japan. If Japanese fastener industry considers the impact of Olympics 2020 in their industry, then they should invest in this industry for increasing their production capacity. This type of view will be caused to improve exported fastener numbers.
What is the Real Opportunity of Olympics 2020 for Japan’s Fastener Industry?
1. Unemployment Rate Japan’s unemployment rate, at 2.4% in January, has fallen to a 24-year low. Furthermore, the jobs-to-applicant’s ratio, at 1.59, is the highest since the 1970s. Fastener companies are increasingly offering full-time, permanent positions as they struggle to overcome the labour crunch.
2. Purchasing Recovery Companies’ economized policies decreased their consumption and/or made them price sensitive. It has been one of the fasteners’ producer challenges. In our view, shortcomings in the price may affect the quality of Made-inJapan goods. Consumers’ company growth situations push the managers to be
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Industry Focus inclined to save. Rising inquiries in the construction and transportation sectors are potential boosts to changing the purchasing treats leading up to the 2020 Olympics.
3. Inbound Consumption
4. Stock Market Re-rating
When Tokyo hosts the Olympics 2020, absorbing the foreign and domestic investments will be yielded to improve the capacity of fastener producers. These investments have become a big economic engine. The following table shows the size of further opportunities for Japanese fastener industry.
Just as the 1964 Olympics reshaped the international image of Japan from a war-ravaged country to a modern and technologically advanced nation, Tokyo’s 2020 Olympics offers an opportunity to change the perennial perception of Japan as the land of lost decades. The Games could cast the country in a more positive light – and attract greater foreign investors’ interest. These welcome developments may trigger a re-rating of shares.
5- Staying Prudent and Proactive There are potential, broad based benefits of the Olympic Games in Japan but it’s not a theme in itself. For Japanese equities, our longstanding investment themes are intact. Investors remain keen on companies that can capture the growth in the Internet of Things and factory automation. The fastener industry can act proactively restructuring to attract banks and financial companies that are poised to benefit from a reflationary environment, as well as niche-growth companies with global competitive advantages.
Last Word The estimate by the municipal government does not include changes in Japan’s overall economic condition and falls in demand following the events, However, some of the economists don’t believe that the Olympics can change Japan’s economy. They believe that the challenge, however, is that the Olympic building boom could turn to burst as infrastructure investment tapers off after the Games. Shinichiro Kobayashi, senior economist at Mitsubishi UFJ Research and Consulting, said Japan is good at working toward a goal like the Olympics because of a strong work ethic and organizational ability but hasn’t succeeded at reshaping its economy. References: https://www.capitalgroup.com/europe/capitalideas/article/ tokyo-olympic-effect.html https://www.straitstimes.com/sport/olympics-tokyo-2020games-to-boost-japans-economy-by-350-billion https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Japan-expects-283bn-boostfrom-2020-Tokyo-Olympics https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/02/10/business/japans2020-problem-life-after-the-olympics/#.XHLnXS2B0U0 https://www.thenational.ae/business/tokyo-2020-olympics-is-awinner-for-japanese-economy-1.93228
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Industry Focus newer than the ones which didn’t stand the test of time in Atlanta but as ‘tempus fugits’, they too will become old and unwanted. More impor ta ntly, they will occupy a space which will have more value than the building standing on it and then they too will come down. How soon will this be? In the case of Atlanta, the time was counted in decades. But even the most iconic structures of today will never be considered as are the Pyramids of Egypt, ‘a wonder of the World’ worth keeping.
Fastening: The Future? In an increasingly turbulent World, three items of interest recently caught my attention. Without having any direct connection, the first two just happen to concern the City of Atlanta, Georgia in the USA. Here it seems, there are virtually no iconic buildings which remain standing. Many were indeed built for both Public and Private use but these are no more, in some cases being reduced to parking lots. The second item concerning Atlanta identified how the City has spread outward enveloping smaller towns within the greater conurbation. Since public transport is virtually non-existent in these outer communities, folks must have a car to survive. In an attempt to create enclaves of ‘people friendly’ environments, old rail networks which ring the City are being developed as cycle ways and pedestrian only routes in an endeavour to bring local communities to function ‘locally’.
Likewise, if ‘pedestrianisation’, as being pursued in Atlanta is adopted as an urban construct based on the digital way of life, - why travel when you can have fun with others at home – then community living might just become fashionable again?
The final item relates to the massive impact Social Media is having on today’s World. A hundred years ago, the likes of Ford, General Motors, General Electric in the USA grew their manufacturing power bases by investment in innovative development and through acquisition. What really shocked this Author was the recent phenomena of major global brands (generally in the cosmetic sector) linking with ‘website celebrities’ who count their ‘followers’ in the millions.
And if the ‘sheep’ corralled together in the centres of communities express their ‘Likes’ for; more of this and less of that; from which direction will ‘Manufacturers’ get their steer?
OK, so the ‘block vote’ has always been inf luential in politics? And few manufacturers would dream of launching a new product without using surveys and focus groups to determine if the new product will ‘fly’ and meet with Public approval. But to do multi-million dollar deals and perhaps create new labels simply because a website has a few million ‘followers’ (sheep?) giving it ‘Likes’; well that’s just plain crazy! Isn’t it?
Given the accelerating, uncontrolled change which is being propelled by Social Media 24/7; these are not abstract issues but ones which will impact all of us. In particular, the Fastener Industry which not only holds everything together but also determines how things may be taken apart.
Looking forward, the three items mentioned above will be significant to most future populations. View the skylines of any major city today. The buildings may be much
｀As you LIKE it´ by Peter Standring
Figure One. Global Industrial Sectors GDP ($ trillion) Total Global GDP ~ $87.5 trillion 2018 Global Industrial GDP ~ 25% of total
Tomorrow: Expectation Figure One shows a distribution of Global GDP related to various Industrial Sectors. Table One, gives the percentage of global steel production used by each sector.
Table One. World Steel Use Construction Mechanical Engineering Auto Metal Products
50% 16% 13% 11%
Shipping/Rail Transport Electrical Goods Domestic Appliances
5% 3% 2%
In the construction industry, Architects are the ‘designers’ of tomorrow. They are often hired to ‘make a statement’ in the structures they create. To do this, they push the bounds of technology beyond the current limit by working with ‘experts’ in manufacturing to create the wherewithal which will allow them to achieve their ‘design’ goals. Space is always the premium; ‘maximum’ - internal usable/saleable, ‘minimum’ - external footprint and surface area. Higher, frame structures meet these goals. Over or underground structures are usually in the Public domain but in all cases, it is the same repetitive element which is sought in the ‘design’ to provide value for money. Although we don’t know how the Great Pyramid of Cheops was built, we do know that most of the 2.3 million building blocks were cut the same. These were then laid on top of each other in a series of platforms just like 3D printers do today, leaving gaps where internal spaces were required. Modern skyscrapers are no different except that the internal space occupied by inconvenient necessities like, elevators, services and structural vibration dampers are costly additions which reduce the usable/saleable area.
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Industry Focus
Modular construction where basically boxes of the same geometry are placed together to define the desired space are all that’s required but cleverly disguised to provide something more aesthetically pleasing. But the essential core items and particularly the components which are never seen, like the fasteners which hold much of it together, are basically utilitarian. It is presumed that no Architect would ever want to see their building being pulled down. This may well have happened in Atlanta but it can be reasonably concluded that if the Architect was still alive when it happened, they wouldn’t have wanted to be present at the building’s destruction? For this reason, it is doubtful that any Architect, other than those who design temporary structures for military use, ever consider designing for disassembly? And why should they? Well, in the hundred or so years when downtown Atlanta has been constr ucted and in many cases destroyed, the scale of the whole operation has been very small compared with many of the World’s current largest city communities. In the 20th century, the Global population increased by around 4 billion and by 2100 is expected to increase by a further 6 billion to 11. More importantly, the rural community will shrink as people desert the countryside and move to become 100% Social Media using city dwellers. These will naturally be well informed about: climate change, dwindling resources and the mountains of human waste they produce. Also, as time passes, they will find they are surrounded by lots of old decaying buildings which may not be easy or cheap to demolish. This will inevitably create a ground swell of opinion for things to change. And who will facilitate this ‘change’? Why, the people who make the things which hold it all together. Who else?
In the same way, automotive OEM’s have recognised that the ‘leasing’ of vehicles to customers is currently a way of maintaining sales and product value. In the wider, often complex world of ‘financing’, it is highly probable that most ‘big ticket’ items of capital expenditure, i.e. buildings, ships, aircraft, even space rockets, will be owned by a holding company and then leased out to users. In the Public Sector, Private and Public Financing helps build Hospitals, Schools and other Public Utilities.
How Things could Change At some point in the last hundred years, the politicians responsible for running countries have become increasingly influenced by the power of Industry to deliver, or remove employment to their public. Previously, politicians’ often curried favour from those who controlled the media since it was through them, their own message was spread. Today, with so many different free to air media sources, this monopoly has largely disappeared. The Globalisation of industrial supply chains and the regional centralisation of large scale manufacturing plants have caused local politicians to turn their interests to ensure that employment and prosperity exists within the community they serve. Like any communications network, the spider’s webs of supply, originate at a primary source and extend to hubs which manufacture and distribute everything,’ literally’, on Earth. Having one or more big hubs in your neck of the woods means employment and enhanced standards of living. Hubs also support high population densities which could eventually suffocate under their own waste unless those ‘governing’ the communities become active in preventing this on behalf of the folks who dwell there. Evidence has shown that the ‘philanthropic’ behaviour of the exceedingly wealthy, whilst being welcomed, is entirely marginal when compared with the scale of the need for change. In reality, this must and can only come from the legally constituted bodies which legislate and regulate the ‘standards’ by which whole communities live. The huge container ships which currently make ‘Globalised’ trade possible also make the shipment of waste from consuming countries to those less capable of ‘manufacturing the goods’, a viable alternative for recycling trash. The business model which is being widely adopted today by many leading manufacturers is one of ‘servitisation’. This means, the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) not only makes the product but instead of selling it, basically, leases it out to those in need of its function. So, an aircraft engine manufacturer will sell the products of the engine, i.e. the thrust, to a customer whilst maintaining ownership of and liability for that function.
endeavours. So, if the leasing model is a successful way forward for the global big players, how might it be used to benefit others upstream of the point of sale? Figure Two, provides a simple view of the ‘Virtuous Circle’ of Manufacture.
Figure Two. Virtuous Circle of Manufacture
Public Utilities generally only have one use which remains constant. Alternatively, ‘big ticket’ leased items do tend to have more than one role. The primary role is clearly to fulfil the ‘design function’. For instance, an airliner would be expected to operate at its maximum level of ‘efficiency’ used first by major, then, minor airlines. At some point however, the leasing company will sell the aircraft which may then be subjected to a major overhaul and converted from passenger to freight operations. In short, the ‘servitisation’ model of leasing is one which has emerged as a ‘common sense’ viable option. A similar model related to the Global automotive industry was published in Fastener World in 2017 entitled, ‘Fastening: A Future. Opportunities for Automotive Fasteners to Change the World‘. All these big ticket items for leasing share a common element, that of obtaining and maintaining a strong customer base. Having that naturally supports the supply chain in its
The top right hand quadrant shows the increasing demand for manufactured goods inexorably driven by the growing global population and its economic expectations. Quadrant two indicates the supply side from raw materials to finished goods. The third quadrant
Industry Focus identifies a product’s primary use and the potential role ‘servitisation’ would offer OEM’s to maintain customer contact, inservice data on product performance etc., generating an on-going income stream from product use. The fourth quadrant illustrates how a revaluation of the product can lead to its reuse through reconfiguration, refurbishment, recovery of part/material value and finally, disposal.
And Why Not? R idiculous you might say, yet consider today’s World where the ubiquitous ‘shipping container’ which makes all ‘Globalisation’ possible is built to truly international standards without which, the ports of entry and embarkation could not function. Consider the sizes of aircraft, the overhead luggage space, the fuel, even the signage at airports, all are designed to serve an international market. In manufacture, nothing could sensibly operate without the ‘ergonom ics’ wh ich st a nd a rd ise size, movement, shape and colour. Purchase a phone, a camera, flat pack furniture or a pair of shoes almost anywhere in the World and you will be able to get what you want and understand how to use it. The manufacturer of fasteners is able to service any market and satisfy any international standard for one or a range of products such is the global nature of the trade. Would it be so different then if everyone, everywhere were to consider tomorrow instead of just today? Designers of ships, buildi ngs, bridges, CT Scanners, everything you can name have a primary function to satisfy the requirement for safety. Safety of manufacture, safety of use. However, unless it is a nuclear power plant or facility handling toxins, potentially deadly viruses etc., little consideration is given to end of life disposal.
T h e E a r t h h a s b e e n ‘n a t u r a l ly’ recycling its life for millions of years and will presumably continue to do so long after we are no more. However, in the past, what has come out of this ‘mix’; dinosaurs to ‘nuclear winters’ has been entirely due to ‘natural’ phenomena. To have any aspirations to be able to control our own destiny, we must take control. And the only way in which this can be done, is through ‘organisation’.
To be able to manufacture anything on a global scale necessitates ‘organisation’; so we do know how to do it. The trouble is, at present, OEM’s only ever ‘organise’ things for their own well-being. To do it for ever yone requires ever yone to do it together, working to achieve the same goal. In short, global legislation is essential to ensure that the playing field is the same for all.
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Industry Focus
As pointed out in the previous Fastener World article mentioned above, the automotive industry could, if it was serious about waste, recover real value from its own products. Instead, it disposes of the ‘problem’ by partnering with vehicle scrappers whose business model is basically ‘destruction’. This ‘destruction procedure’ is also true for most old buildings, ships, bridges and unwanted manufacturing plant. And why? Because, the things which were used to hold all the bits together couldn’t be taken apart cost effectively. But if they had been, consider the impact that would have economically, environmentally and intellectually for the whole fraternity of designers and mostly, for us. So why don’t they do it? Because they can’t since such fasteners are not at present available for anyone to design with. The very obvious suggestion then to those who supply directly to the manufacturers of ‘big ticket’ items must be, to meet with their customers and work together to consider how future designs can incorporate fasteners for ease of disassembly. Do this first on modules to prove the case. If successful, the modular form could then be repeated throughout the design. If such a methodology were available, a step change in design would be accomplished. Moreover, it wouldn’t take long before everyone would want to buy into the ‘objective’ and those who didn’t would quickly find themselves sidelined. After all, fasteners built the human World, so why not have them save it as well? Hey and if that were to happen, guess how many LIKES it would get through Social Media! As Sha kesp ea re cou ld have w r it ten, ‘A ll the world’s a stage and fasteners play the most important parts.’ As for the potential influence of Social Media? Astonishingly, the four biggest ‘tech companies’ FAGA, (Facebook, Apple, Google and Amazon) collectively have a greater income than the GDP of Germany. That represents a whole lot of ‘sheep’ and maybe, the ‘trends’ which will determine the future? Any interest in joining a Global Feasibility Study to explore the ideas stated in this article can be registered by contacting the Author at events@imft.co.uk.
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Industry Focus
254
Introduction Products made in Germany enjoy the highest reputation among consumers worldwide, according to a new study. Statista's Made-In-Country-Index (MICI) 2017, shed light on the global reputation of products produced in 49 different countries (plus the EU). Germany's farreaching reputation as a producer of topquality products hasn't been dented by Volkswagen's emissions scandal and the nation had the highest score (100).
Fastener Trade Analysis of
Germany
by Sharareh Shahidi Hamedani
Based on the statistics, Germany exported goods to the value of 1,279.0 billion euros and imported goods to the value of 1,031.0 billion euros in 2017. Based on the final data, the Federal Statistical Office (Destatis) also reports that German exports increased by 6.2% and imports by 8.0% in 2017 compared with 2016.
German Fastener Industry: German fastener consumers import approximately 370 million USD worth of fasteners monthly. (See the following table and graph). The trend of imported fasteners has grown in October of 2017 to September of 2018.
Unit: 1,000 USD
United States
112 102
France
106
91
China
86
64
France
United Kingdom
85
62
United States
370,000
Netherlands
85
55
Italy
350,000
Italy
65
51
Poland
330,000
Austria
63
46
Czech Republic
310,000
Poland
59
46
Switzerland
Switzerland
54
41
Austria
Belgium
44
40
Belgium
China
Germany is the most industrialized country in the whole world.
2018-M01 397,195 2018-M07 388,227
2018-M02 372,425 2018-M08 365,843
2018-M03 383,404 2018-M09 350,765
390,000
290,000 270,000
09
08
8-M 20 1
07
8-M
8-M
20 1
06 20 1
05
8-M 20 1
04
8-M 20 1
8-M
03 8-M
20 1
02 20 1
8-M
12 7-M
20 1
11 20 1
7-M
10
250,000
20 1
Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis), 2018
2017-M12 293,471 2018-M06 378,910
German Fastener Import
Unit: 1,000 USD 410,000
7-M
Netherlands
20 1
Š
2017-M11 354,845 2018-M05 356,536
01
Import
2017-M10 353,402 2018-M04 377,375
8-M
In EUR bn Export
Exporter World
20 1
Germany’s Major Trading Partners, 2017
World
On the other hand, in the export term, the value of their exported fasteners is about 560 million USD. Almost 150% higher than their imported fastener value. It means that Germany is an independent country in the fastener industry. The trend of exported fasteners is positive, too.
Importer World
2017-M10 533,639 2018-M04 627,661
Unit: 1,000 USD
2017-M11 569,073 2018-M05 573,740
2017-M12 449,504 2018-M06 573,028
2018-M01 613,322 2018-M07 561,711
2018-M02 588,337 2018-M08 561,808
Industry Focus
2018-M03 619,835 2018-M09 556,779
German Fasteners Export
Unit: 1,000 USD 650,000 600,000
In the 12th month of 2017, Germany’s statistics dropped because it was the last month of the year. In the last month business growth normally stops or becomes slow.
550,000 500,000 450,000
09
08
20 18 -M
07
20 18 -M
06
20 18 -M
05
20 18 -M
04
20 18 -M
03
20 18 -M
02
20 18 -M
01
20 18 -M
12
20 18 -M
11
20 17 -M
20 17 -M
20 17 -M
10
400,000
World
Countries Exporting to Germany: The following table shows that Germany did not have any main importers. Because the Other Countries have 28.5% of the imported fastener share in Germany and Italy as the biggest fastener exporter to Germany has 13.4% of the market share and Taiwanese suppliers follow Italy very closely with 12.6% of the market share in Germany. The unit price (USD/Kg) of the whole fasteners imported by Germany was 4.2, which means Germany normally buys cheap fasteners it needs through other countries. Exporters World Italy Taiwan China Switzerland Czech Netherlands USA Poland France Spain Others
2018-M09 Value Weight (1,000 USD) (KG) 350,765 83,446 46,861 13,704 44,228 10,803 30,494 11,202 27,477 1,946 21,225 4,476 19,609 6,228 19,420 647 15,077 3,307 13,863 1,433 12,695 2,961 99,816 26,739
Countries Importing from Germany: In terms of export, the main market of German fasteners is China with 11.2% of the total exported fasteners through Germany. Other Countries (excluding the top 11 countries) have 34.3% of the market share in German total export. It means all countries want to buy fasteners through Germany or Germany makes some special fasteners monopoly. Importers
Share of Import 100% 13.4% 12.6% 8.7% 7.8% 6.1% 5.6% 5.5% 4.3% 4.0% 3.6% 28.5%
Unit Price (USD/KG) 4.20 3.42 4.09 2.72 14.12 4.74 3.15 30.02 4.56 9.67 4.29 3.73
Some of the interesting statistics from the above table are:
World China France Czech USA Austria Poland Netherlands Switzerland UK Hungary Italy Others
Value (1,000 USD) 556,779 62,510 41,679 39,780 38,496 35,800 33,760 27,251 22,341 22,294 21,613 20,122 191,133
2018-M09 Weight (KG) 76,343 6,719 6,136 5,781 3,708 5,027 5,646 5,356 2,695 2,710 3,221 2,956 26,388
Share of Export 100% 11.2% 7.5% 7.1% 6.9% 6.4% 6.1% 4.9% 4.0% 4.0% 3.9% 3.6% 34.3%
Unit Price (USD/KG) 7.3 9.3 6.8 6.9 10.4 7.1 6.0 5.1 8.3 8.2 6.7 6.8 7.2
Some of the interesting statistics from the above table are:
1- The unit price of imported fasteners from Taiwan was higher than that from Italy and Netherlands, and was very close to that from Poland, Spain or Czech.
1- Chinese consumers imported fasteners with the unit price of 9.3 USD/Kg, which is higher than the average unit price of German exported fasteners (7.3 USD/Kg.).
2- The unit price of fasteners USA exported to Germany was very high at 30 USD/KG, while Switzerland was in the 2nd rank with 14.12 USD/KG, which means that these two countries exported special fasteners to Germany.
2- Netherland bought fasteners through Germany with the unit price of 5.1 USD/Kg, which is lower than the average unit price of Germany exported fasteners.
Why Countries Should Work with Germany? The most world-famous trademark is “Made in Germany”. Products with the "Made in Germany" seal stand for the highest quality worldwide. This has played no small part in maintaining Germany's position as a world champion exporter for many years. The automobile, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and chemical sectors are particularly strong. All of this means that if I buy through Germany, my final product will have high quality; and if I sell products to Germany, it means that the ability of my company is high and consumers requiring these types of products can buy from my country.
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T echnol o g y
Hot Dipped Galvanized Structural Bolts and Nuts Require Special Thread
by Larry Borowski
Gage Sizes
M
any structural bolts and nuts are ordered with heavy coatings on them to increase their resistance to corrosion. The applicable American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards provide special thread allowances to accommodate the heavy coatings. These heavy coatings can be a major source of assembly problems if the special thread size allowances are not understood and used by bolt and nut suppliers. ASTM publishes the requirements for inch and metric structural bolts and nuts used in the United States. The structural bolt standards are ASTM A307, A325, A325M, A490, and A490M. The structural nut specifications are ASTM A563 and A563M. The specification numbers ending in “M” cover metric bolts and nuts and those without the “M” cover inch bolts and nuts. Within these standards, the thread class specified for the uncoated inch bolts is 2A, and for Metric bolts, it is 6g. The thread classes specified for nuts to be used with the uncoated bolts are 2B for inch nuts and 6H for Metric nuts. Thread sizes are of all coarse thread series.
Thread sizes for galavanized ASTM A307 & A325 bolts and A563 nuts Bolt Thread
Nut ASTM Allowance
Max. Pitch Diam. Go
Maximum Major Diam.
Min. Pitch Diam., Go
Max. Pitch Diam., NoGo
Minimum Minor Diam.
1/4-20
0.2324
0.2649
0.2335
0.2384
0.2120
0.016
5/16-18
0.2922
0.3283
0.2934
0.2987
0.2690
0.017
3/8-16
0.3501
0.3907
0.3514
0.3571
0.3240
0.017
7/16-14
0.4059
0.4541
0.4091
0.4152
0.3780
0.018
1/2-13
0.4665
0.5165
0.4680
0.4745
0.4350
0.018
9/16-12
0.5268
0.5809
0.5284
0.5352
0.4920
0.020
5/8-11
0.5844
0.6434
0.5860
0.5932
0.5470
0.020
3/4-10
0.7032
0.7682
0.7050
0.7127
0.6620
0.020
7/8-9
0.8229
0.8951
0.8248
0.8330
0.7770
0.022
1.0-8
0.9408
1.0220
0.9428
0.9516
0.8890
0.024
1 1/8-7
1.0540
1.1468
1.0562
1.0656
0.9940
0.024
1 1/4-7
1.1790
1.2718
1.1812
1.1908
1.1190
0.024
1 3/8-6
1.2913
1.3996
1.2937
1.3041
1.2220
0.027
1 1/2-6
1.4163
1.5246
1.4187
1.4292
1.3470
0.027
1 3/4-5
1.6674
1.7973
1.6701
1.6817
1.5840
0.050
2.0-4.5
1.9028
2.0471
1.9057
1.9181
1.8090
0.050
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T echnol o g y
When ASTM A307, A325, and A325M bolts are ordered coated the most commonly specified coatings are hot dipped galvanized per ASTM A153 or mechanical zinc per ASTM B695. When bolts are ordered coated, it is a good practice to order the ATM A563 or ASTM A563M nuts that go with those bolts with the same type of finish. ASTM standards A490 and A490M do not allow any coating to be applied to these bolts as a precaution against Hydrogen Embrittlement. Galvanizing and mechanical zinc coating deposits alter the sizes of the thread characteristics such as Pitch Diameter, major diameter, and minor diameter by several thousandths of an inch. To prevent possible thread interference between the bolt and nut at time of assembly, the ASTM standards provide a clearance allowance for both in order to accommodate the size changes resulting from the thicker coating. These coating allowances are provided in a table of each standard, but only ASTM A563 provides the exact thread size limits when the allowances are added. In all other standards the supplier or user must calculate these special thread sizes if they wish to order thread gages to inspect their coated bolts and nuts. To make thread gage ordering easier and more consistent for those wanting to inspect coated structural bolts and nuts, the following two charts are provided.
Thread sizes for galavanized ASTM A325M bolts and A563M nuts Bolt Thread
Nut ASTM Allowance
Max. Pitch Diam. Go
Maximum Major Diam.
Min. Pitch Diam., Go
Max. Pitch Diam., NoGo
Minimum Minor Diam.
M5 X .8
4.612
5.132
4.636
4.761
4.290
0.156
M6 X 1.0
5.524
6.174
5.550
5.700
5.117
0.200
M8 X 1.25
7.415
8.226
7.443
7.603
6.902
0.255
M10 X 1.5
9.304
10.279
9.336
9.516
8.686
0.310
M12 X 1.75
11.194
12.331
11.228
11.428
10.471
0.365
M14 X 2.0
13.083
14.383
13.121
13.333
12.255
0.420
M16 X 2.0
15.083
16.383
15.121
15.333
14.255
0.420
M20 X 2.5
18.864
20.487
18.906
19.130
17.824
0.530
M22 X 2.5
20.864
22.487
20.906
21.130
19.824
0.530
M24 X 3.0
22.643
24.592
22.691
22.956
21.392
0.640
M27 X 3.0
25.643
27.592
25.691
25.956
24.392
0.640
M30 X 3.5
28.424
30.697
28.477
28.757
26.961
0.750
M36 X 4.0
34.202
36.801
34.262
34.562
32.530
0.860
M42 X 4.5
39.984
42.905
40.047
40.362
38.099
0.970
M48 X 5.0
45.761
49.010
45.832
46.167
43.667
1.080
M56 X 5.5
53.543
57.115
53.618
53.973
51.236
1.190
M64 X 6.0
61.323
65.219
61.403
61.778
58.805
1.300
Coated nuts must be tapped after coating to achieve the special nut thread sizes indicated above. To be acceptable, coated nut threads must be within both these maximum and minimum size limits. For coated structural bolt threads to be acceptable, they must not exceed the maximum allowable sizes shown above. Thread inspection is to be performed using thread gages made to the sizes in these charts. When using thread gages to inspect for thread acceptability it is permissible to apply a light machine oil to the thread gages or product to prevent galling and excessive gage wear. For the product threads to be acceptable the Go thread ring gage must assemble on the bolts, and the nuts must assemble on the threaded Go work plug gage using only hand effort. Because the bolt threads are either 2A or 6g before plating, only the Go ring is necessary to accept parts after plating. For nuts, because they are over tapped after plating, both Go and NoGo must be used to inspect the product threads. In addition, the author cautions users of these standards to verify the maximum minor on the nut threads as there is potential to lose effective material and reduce the proof load capacity.
T echnol o g y
“Fastener Troubles, Causes & Solutions” Series
Failure of Propeller Shaft Couplings — Reamer Bolts Transmitting High Torque by Toshimichi Fukuoka
I
n the U.S. and Europe, jointed parts fastened with threads are called “bolted joints” as a whole. Various external forces exert on bolted joints, and they cause the problems of “fatigue failure of bolted joints” and “thread loosening”. Among the loads exerting on bolted joints, when shear loads are applied perpendicularly to a bolt shank, slip could occur on the plate interface, nut bearing surface, and the bolt head bearing surface. The slip induced by shear loads is the primary cause of fatigue failure and thread loosening. Typical mechanical elements with high shear loads being exerted on bolts in this way are shaft couplings. Bolts that clamp shaft couplings are subjected to high shear loads due to the torque transmitted from the shafts. In such cases, the use of common bolts may cause slips on the interface of the coupling. To cope with the problem, a special bolt called “reamer bolt”, whose shank diameter is equal to the bolt hole diameter, is frequently used. Despite the extensive use of reamer bolts, their mechanical properties are barely known to us. Hence in this article, I will explain the characteristics of reamer bolts as a threaded component, the fastening methods, and the mechanical behavior when subjected to external loads. Figure 1
Figure 2
What is a Reamer Bolt? Figure 1 shows an example of the Japanese Industrial Standard for a shaft coupling. In terms of this coupling, the size is small and 4 reamer bolts are used to fasten the coupling. As the size increases, the number of bolts also increases. Shaft couplings are used to transmit torque between the two shafts fixed respectively to each couplings. In that case, very high shear loads exert on the interfaces between the two couplings, shown in Figure 1. In addition, the counteracting friction force is equal to the product of the sum of the axial bolt force and the coefficient of friction on the interface. If the shear force caused by the torque is larger than the friction force, slips occur on the interface of the coupling, which causes bolt loosening and fatigue failure. A countermeasure against those problems is to use reamer bolts. Reamer bolts, as shown in Figure 2, have larger shank diameters than common bolts. It is a fundamental practice that the diameter drm is equal to the hole diameter of the bolt. In actual practice, however, the diameter drm is mostly machined to be as much as a few mm larger than the bolt hole diameter. That is because when we apply axial force to the bolt, the diameter d rm slightly shrinks in the diameter direction. In case of M20 bolt for example, if we fasten it with axial stress of 200MPa, its diameter shrinks by amount of around 6mm. The reamer bolt in Figure 1, used for a shaft coupling, transmits the torque by contacting its shank with the bolt hole. In Figure 2, it is shown how the shear force caused by the torque exerts on the shank of the reamer bolt and the contact surface of the coupling. As an example, reamer bolts are commonly used for shaft couplings of propeller-shaft systems of ships in order to transmit a very high torque.
Fastening of Reamer Bolts Since the shank diameter of a reamer bolt is slightly larger than the bolt hole diameter, a special method is used to fasten it. Generally, dry ice or liquid nitrogen is used to cool down and shrink the bolt, and in that state a reamer bolt is inserted into the bolt hole and the torque is applied to fasten it. To make it easier to insert a reamer bolt, formerly we used to heat up the surrounding portion of the bolt hole to expand the hole diameter. However, recently the cooling method has been used widely in order not to change the material properties. Figure 3 shows the fastening process of a reamer bolt. Figure 3(a) shows the pre-fastening initial state. In actual practice, however, the reamer bolt cannot be inserted due to the aforementioned reason. Therefore, the reamer bolt is cooled down and inserted into the bolt hole, and then the torque is applied (Figure 3(b)). At this point the operation is completed, but a critical problem pertaining to fastening precision still remains. It is the fact that when the fastening is completed, the reamer bolt still remains in a low temperature state. The degree of the temperature would change significantly depending on whether dry ice or liquid nitrogen is used. In addition, the degree also changes depending on the required time from cooling down of the bolt to the completion of fastening. In other words, the problem pertaining to fastening precision is that the bolt elongates and the axial force of the bolt decreases because the bolt temperature returns to the room temperature after the operation is completed. Supposing that the difference between
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260
T echnol o g y the average temperature of the reamer bolt and room temperature at the completion of the tightening operation is ∆T, we can calculate ∆F b using the following expression.
1 1 1 1 1 ∆Fb + + + + α b ∆TL f = k th ks kcyl khd k f Figure 3
The above expression is the same as the one for the fastening process of Thermal Expansion Method explained in my last article (the 5th article of the Series). Here I will omit the detailed explanation. αb is the coefficient of linear expansion of the bolt material. Lf is the grip length. The 5 terms within the parentheses are the spring constants for each part of the bolted joint. Figure 4 shows the relationship between “the amount of decrease in bolt axial stress per 1℃ rise of temperature” derived from the above expression and the “grip length”. The horizontal axis is the ratio of the grip length to nominal diameter d. According to Figure 4, we know that the amount of decrease in bolt axial stress per 1℃ rise of temperature increases with grip length and ranges from 1 to 2 MPa regardless of bolt size. In the experiments conducted in my lab using dry ice of minus 80℃, the average temperature of the reamer bolt was around minus 30-40℃ when the fastening was completed. Assuming that the average temperature is minus 30℃ and the room temperature is 20℃, the temperature increase of the reamer bolt becomes 50℃, and so the axial stress would decrease as much as 50 to 100MPa. Since the axial stress of a reamer bolt is usually high, it is considered that this degree of axial stress reduction would rarely be the critical reason for causing troubles. However, we should note that axial stress will decrease significantly when we complete the operation quickly using liquid nitrogen of minus 196℃ for cooling.
Behavior of Reamer Bolt Subjected to Shear Load Figure 2 in the second paragraph shows the equilibrium of forces when the joint using reamer bolts is subjected to shear loads. The shank of the bolt is closely in contact with the bolt hole. In contrast, in case of common bolts, there is a gap between the shank and the bolt hole. Consequently, the shear force applied to the joint is sustained by the friction forces on the interface between the fastened objects, the bearing surface of nut, and the bearing surface of bolt head. If the shear force is larger than the friction force, slips occur on the interface, which may lead to the loosening of the bolt and the fatigue failure of the bolted joint. For preventing such slips, it is sometimes observed that people working in the architecture fields intentionally increase the coefficient of friction on the surface of the fastened objects. On the other hand, if we use the reamer bolt shown in Figure 2, a significant proportion of the shear force would be supported by the bolt shank. In other words, the shear force exerting on the reamer bolt is supported by the forces perpendicular to the bolt shank and the friction force on the interface. The proportion between the two forces greatly changes depending on the fit between the reamer bolt and the bolt hole, coefficients of friction on the contact surfaces, and the magnitude of the axial bolt stress. Figure 5 shows the conditions called “interference fit” and “clearance fit”. In the former condition, the diameter of the bolt shank is larger than that of the bolt hole; in the latter condition, there exists a small gap. Reamer bolts used for couplings of propeller-shaft systems of ships are targeted for an interference fit ranging between a few mm to 10mm. It is reported that the fit shows a scatter between at most -20mm to +20mm in actual measurements. In addition, to evaluate the aforementioned “proportions of the shear force supported by the force perpendicular to the bolt shank and the friction force”, sophisticated non-linear analyses are required. Figure 5
Conclusion This article explained the basic characteristics of a “reamer bolt”, a special bolt widely used for the joints on which large shear loads exert. Shear forces exerting on the joint, which is clamped with a reamer bolt, are supported not only by the force perpendicular to the bolt shank, but also by the friction force on the interface in the same manner as common bolts. In the next article, the aforementioned mechanical characteristics of reamer bolts will be explained, based on the results of finite element analysis. Furthermore, it will also explain the fatigue failure of reamer bolts which is considered the most important issue caused by the repetition of the shear load. Reference: 1. Toshimichi Fukuoka, “Threaded Fasteners for Engineers and Design – Solid Mechanics and Numerical Analysis –”, pp. 290-304, Corona Publishing Co., Ltd. (2015) 2. Fukuoka, T. and Nomura M., “Evaluation of Tightening Process of Reamer Bolts by Cooled Fitting,” ASME PVP 2011 (Baltimore), Paper No.57121 (CD-ROM).
Figure 4
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265
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273
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COMPANY FOCUS
Plan-E-Tech Industries Inc.
Made-in-USA Nail/Bolt Rolling Dies & Reworking Service for Global Customers
Plan-E-Tech was started in 1984 by a small group of partners to produce planetary thread rolling dies for the nail industry, and then cylindrical and planetary thread rolling dies for bolt production. In 2007 they sold Plan-E-Tech to Fastener Industries Inc., a 100 percent employee-owned company. In 2008 Jim Kasper joined Plan-E-Tech as General Manager after 30 years of fastener experience with the parent company. His background in the fastener business helped in learning what goes into producing quality tooling. Today the Ohiobased Plan-E-Tech stands as one of the largest suppliers in both USA and the world. It’s main strengths are found in excellent customer service and timely supply of what customers need.
by Dean Tseng, Fastener World
Your Go-To Source for Standard & Customized Nail/Bolt Rolling Dies in USA Quality “Plan-E-Tech is pretty much a specialty tooling business,” said Jim, “We produce what the customer wants in regards to thread forms and die material. We have used standard and various tool steels specified by our customers, so we are very flexible.” His rolling dies are sold to every continent on the planet except for Antarctica and in fact 75% of the customers are non-domestic. To date the company has supplied products to some of the big names such as Reed, K. Ticho, Wafios, Videx and many more.
Quality Compliance & Outperforming Craftsmanship The craftsmanship of Plan-E-Tech comes from a dedication to doing the job right and concentrating on the details. As the dies progress through the shop, each operator inspects the previous person’s work before proceeding so everyone is watching. Procedures must be followed to produce the best possible product or else it won’t get out of the shop. “Our customers keep coming back to us because they know that our tooling outperforms the competition. We do a lot of the little things to make that happen such as matching sets to help with set up and increase die life,” Jim continued, “We do a very precise job on chamfering our cylindrical dies to increase bolt strength and greatly increase die life by decreasing the chipping out on the top of the die. This is a time-consuming operation but adds greatly to the quality of the dies.”
Tungsten Carbide Dies Now Available from Plan-E-Tech About 3 years ago, Plan-E-Tech made a major investment in new machinery, tooling and fixtures. With the right equipment at hand and considerable experience, the company was able to extend product portfolio and started to provide Tungsten Carbide dies. “Tungsten Carbide is all about die life, and though the cost per die set can be up to ten times a standard tool steel set in price, customers are asking for it because in the long run they save money due to the die life and reduction in set up costs.”
Dies Reworking Service for Worldwide Clients According to Jim, much of the business of Plan-E-Tech is in reworking worn dies. Nail dies can be reworked 2 to 4 times, and 1 time or sometimes more for cylindrical dies, but planetary dies for bolts usually cannot be reworked. The reworking process, he said, “involves stripping off the old threads, recalculating the dimensions to compensate for the loss of material and then reforming the threads as you would a new set. Reworks should preform in production as good as a new set. Set up times may be slightly longer as the smaller sizes of the dies must be adjusted for on the machine.” The reworking service is not limited to USA clients but also customers from across the world.
New Projects on the Way & Appearance at Upcoming Exhibitions Jim said Plan-E-Tech is working on a project to produce screw shank forms in tungsten carbide dies for the nail industry. The project is on trial tests and hopefully will be available later this year. Furthermore, Jim confirmed the company will exhibit at IFME, IFE Las Vegas, STAFDA in 2019 and Wire Düsseldorf in 2020. “I hope you find your way to our booth at one of the shows and I look forward to meeting and talking with you.”
Plan-E-Tech contact: General Manager , Jim Kasper E-mail: sales@plan-e-tech.com
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T echnol o g y
Locking Fasteners— Part 3 by Guy Avellon
The previous two articles described some of the more basic types of locking products using nylon inserts, chemicals, physical distortions of the nut and Belleville washers. Part 3 will include convenient fastening products with different types of washers.
Toothed Washers Also known as a Shakeproof® washer, these washers are available as an internal toot h a nd exter nal toot h design. T he washers are hardened to produce a spring quality to the twisted teeth. As they are tightened against a surface, the teeth flex and bite into the surface and produce an opposite force against the compression of assembly. These toothed washers may not prevent loss of preload in some applications using hard surfaces and high preloads, but will work best when the teeth embed themselves into softer materials to prevent loosening. Therefore, these products are ideal for plastics, aluminum, electrical connections and sheet metal. The internal tooth washers have a smaller outside diameter than the external tooth type. This allows for closer positioning in tight areas. The internal teeth can hold onto the threads of a screw and remain fast while positioning the screw for assembly. The internal tooth washers are perfect for small screw heads and for socket head cap screws, when used in non-critical applications. It should be noted that the use of these washers is destructive in application. The bent teeth will mar and scratch the surface. This may promote the onset of corrosion if the protective surface coatings a re destroyed.
Nuts with a Spring Washer This type of nut has a conical spring washer crimped to a standard nut. The nut is free spinning and offers no prevailing torque feature. However, it is when the washer is tightened against the joint that resistance will be noticed. The washer’s spring rate may cause some variation with the assembly torque. This system is convenient as time and motion of assembling two parts are saved. However, this combination will not prevent loosening but will retain some preload. To
prevent loosening, the fastener must be loaded to at least 70% of its yield strength and the washer must be compressed an equivalent to 30% of the fastener’s preload. Unfortunately, standard conical washers will not meet these requirements and these are only recommended for shear joints or very low load applications.
Fig. 1. Nut with spring washer
Castle Nuts / Slotted Nuts Called castle nuts because of their a p p e a r a n c e a n d r esembla n c e t o t he notched top of a castle’s turret, similar to a chess piece. Also called slotted hex nuts, these notches are spaced wide enough to provide for the use of a cotter pin to be placed between the slots and should not be confused with a similar appearing prevailing torque nut with smaller slots on the top, which are actually bent inwards to produce drag against the male threads. Safety wires are used with these slotted nuts to provide visual security and will keep the nuts from completely backing off when wired properly to an adjacent slotted nut. The ends of the fasteners are drilled to accept either a cotter pin or safety wire. Alignment of the drilled hole to the slots on the nut is extremely critical. Any rotational adjustment forwards or backwards, or movement from vibration, will cause a loss of clamp load from 55 to 100%. Therefore, this system is also recommended for shear joints, very low load applications and where the nut must remain attached to the fastener.
Serrated Washer Face As the name implies, these are cold formed serrations that may be under the head of rivets, machine screw products, small bolts or on the underside of a flanged nut. These products are not to be used with a washer as the serrations are meant to bite into the joint material to form counterrotational resistance.
Fig. 2. Serrated washer face
Serrated Flange Nut The serrations are angled to provide very little resistance while being tightened clock-wise. The ramp angles on the counterrotation side will provide resistance to loosening by digging into the joint material. The joint material needs to be soft enough to provide sufficient embedment of the serrations. The limitations would be the nut and screw cannot develop high clamp loads that would otherwise deform the joint material or cause the screw to break. The one-piece construction aides in the convenience of assembly.
Keps Nut The Keps, or K Nut, is the trade marked name of ITW Shakeproof. This provides for a pre-assembled, free spinning, externally toothed washer.
Fig. 3. Keps nut— Ideal for quick assemblies for automotive use and sheet metal assembly.
Serrated / Ramped Washers Rather than being an integral part of a fastener, this technology employs two serrated washers to be used together. The ramped sides are sandwiched together to provide counter rotation of the bolt head or nut by forcing the ramps to move against each other. The outside of the ramped washers has radial protrusions to further prevent the bolt head or nut from turning. T hese product s have be en use d successfully with blind hole applications and internal engine parts. However, recent studies have produced failures when the external service loads have been very high.
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Fig. 4. Ramps on one side
In one application, an M30 10.9 bolt failed. The ramped parts of the washers were almost completely flattened. The high loads of an M30 10.9 bolt would produce 408 kN (91,722 pounds). This load and the service vibrations were enough to cause damage to the washer. The external part of the washers has ridges which are supposed to hold the bolt head from turning. Instead, they have embedded themselves into the bolt head causing a loss of clamp load which induced metal fatigue.
Fig. 6. Ridges on the washer
This system does not prevent the loss of preload but it will stop further loosening. Unfortunately, at that point, the joint has suffered relaxation and metal fatigue stress raisers will begin. Depending upon the length of the bolt, one can apply Hooke’s Law and visualize how much clamp load was lost due to compression and embedment.
Summary As with any fastening system and joint connection, each must be treated as unique. One locking device is not better than others in all applications and it should be noted that no ‘locking’ device will ever prevent loss of preload. Each has its own unique application, don’t use one product across the board for everything, it may be overkill. Fig. 5. Illustrating embedment of the ridges into the bolt head
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Fastener Fair India 2019 25-26 April 2019
India’s premier exhibition for the fastener and fixing industry returns to Mumbai in 2019
The ‘Gateway to India’, Mumbai, hosts the seventh edition of Fastener Fair India. High profile Indian and international companies will, once again, showcase a comprehensive range of industrial fasteners and fixings, assembly and installation systems, storage and logistics services, fastener manufacturing technology and construction fixings. The exhibition takes place from 25-26 April 2019 at the Bombay Exhibition Centre, in Mumbai. In 2018, Fastener Fair India was held in the country’s capital city, New Delhi and ended with positive results. Over 140 exhibiting companies were present at the two-day event, highlighting market innovations to a highly qualified audience of 3,316 (compared to the last edition of Fastener Fair India held in New Delhi, visitor numbers increased by over 30%). The majority of exhibitors were India-based companies. However, a lot of exhibitors were non-domestic, namely from China, Taiwan, Germany, South Korea, Japan and Turkey. Fastener Fair India 2019 provides excellent networking opportunities to all industry professionals, including distributors, suppliers and engineers. Companies interested in exhibiting at Fastener Fair India 2019 can find more information at http://www. fastenerfair.com/india/mumbai/english/.
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Fastener Fair India Mumbai 2019 Hall V, Bombay Covention & Exhibition Centre DWG No:
ISSUE:
963
DATE:
18 Feb 2019
DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS PLAN. USE WRITTEN DIMENSIONS ONLY. PLAN SUBJECT TO ALTERATION. AMENDMENTS TO THIS PLAN MUST BE AUTHORIZED BY THE ORGANISERS.
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Techbolt NO.469, YU-PING ROAD, TAINAN 3 Industries 3 Embesoft Solution 70843, TAIWAN D130 D132 T 886-6-2954000 F 886-6-2953939 foreign@fastener-world.com.tw 42 6 www.fastener-world.com.tw Fastener World Inc. is a professional magazine publisher 24 for fasteners, 24 4 4 hardware, and industrial components Ningbo Sijin 7 and the sales agent for industries Machinery Hangzhou manyHangzhou int'l trade shows. Our magazines JR JR include World 6 Fastener 6 Bimonthly Edition, China Fastener World, Hardware & Fastener Components, C60 Fastener World Europe Special D120 D124 Edition, and Emerging Fastener 24 4 436 24 6 we exhibit Markets. Every year at 2030 int'l trade shows around the world to help advertisers Shanghai establish business Zhejiang Jinggu partnerships with potential buyers, UAZNC Dรถrken and 6 6Precision increase theirMachinery brand6awareness Technology connect withManufacture market trends.
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Taiwanese Exhibitors at Fastener Fair India 2019 B56 HOME SOON ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. MS. LISA LIN T 886-4-23353817 F 886-4-23353609 home.soon@msa.hinet.net www.homesoon.com.tw ISO9002 With 37 years of know-how of Fastener Driving Tools and Accessories, Home soon is a professional manufacturer and also a reliable supplier. Our selection of products include driver bits, bit holders, nut setters, sockets, wrenches and various hand tools satisfying customers in automotive and construction related industries. OEM is welcome.
B62 HUNG LI (HURMG YIEH) ELECTROPLATING MACHINERY INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Vincent Er T 886-6-2530166 F 886-6-2530169 sales@hurmg-yieh.com.tw www.hung-li.com.tw ISO9001 Hung Li (Hurmg Yieh) Machinery is a professional electroplating equipment manufacturer from Taiwan for over 30 years. We provide rolling barrel, hanging rack type electroplating & phosphating equipment for various industries such as fasteners, automotive, electronics, sanitary hardware and so on. Please visit www.hung-li.com.tw for detail.
B54 SHENG KAI PRECISION INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. Edward Hsieh T 886-7-6225921 F 886-7-6222352 www.fastener-world.com.tw/shengkai sk440125@yahoo.com.tw We were founded in 1985, has many years of CNC lathe and CNC automatic grinding machine experiences, specializing in 1. Die for cold and hot forming tools. 2. Hex, square, 6-lobe, ejector, tube, socket, polygon and custom special punches. 3. Accessories of forming machines: ratchets, feed rollers, sleeves, holders, inserts and die sets. 4. Carbide dies: cutting dies, cutting knives, insert dies and nut forming dies. 5. All kinds of punches, K.O. Pins. All kinds of tools for nut’s/screw’s former we can provide. We can do both ODM and ODM.
B76 CHITE ENTERPRISES CO., LTD. MS. MONICA CHANG T 886-6-2892423 F 886-6-2892290 www.chite.com.tw chite@chite.com.tw ISO9001,ISO9002 CHITE ENTERPRISES CO., LTD was founded in 1994, has been one of the most rapidly growing companies for fastener business. We have been committing ourselves to providing the best service, quality and prices to our customers, aiming to expand market share together with customers. Until now, we have 8 factories whose main products are drywall screws, chipboard screws, tapping screws, self drilling screws, hex nuts, threaded rods, stamping parts, cotter pins, high-precision fasteners etc. in Taiwan, China and Vietnam.
B72 KING YUAN DAR METAL ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. CHANG LUNG TSENG T 886-4-7588101 F 886-4-7586310 www.fastener-world.com.tw/kyd pdaiboo@kydmetal.com Three-dimensional vibration grinding machine-4P, Heat treatment furnace
B66 YESWIN MACHINERY CO., LTD. JOAN CHENG T 886-6-2729939 F 886-6-2721236 www.twyeswin.com yeswin@twyeswin.com Yeswin Machinery is a professional cold forging machine manufacturer in Taiwan. We make 3-, 4-, 5- station bolt formers including standard, long-stroke and super long-stroke types for a wide range of bolt length up to 400mm. We also make 5-, 6-, and 7-station bolt/nut parts formers for a variety of special bolts. Those fasteners have been widely used in aerospace, construction, transportation, furniture…and so on. Yeswin will keep focusing on design upgrade to optimize bolt formers and to fulfill the need for making higher technique products.
B50 HOMN REEN ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. Scott Huang T 886-7-6960597 F 886-7-6963606 www.homnreen.com homnreen@mail.homnreen.com.tw CE, ISO_TS16949 The Homn Reen Enterprise Group was established in 1985, and has received various industry accolades for its extensive product line of standard and customized small screws.
Taiwanese Exhibitors at Fastener Fair India 2019 As part of a comprehensive product quality control effort, Homn Reen established its own wire-drawing plant in 2011 to ensure the integrity of source materials before cold forming. Homn Reen has also expanded in-house capabilities in its Vietnam factory which began operation in 2010. The company reported that an electroplating line has been established in order to achieve more integrated production operations and better control over quality. The company’s export business continues to grow as it has attained various certifications and patents, such as CE for the European market, and IATF for the automotive market.
B70 CHIREK FASTENER CORP. KAICHIH CHANG T 886-4-25668328 F 886-4-25668353 chireifasteners@gmail.com chirek.com.tw/ Chirek Fastener Corporation was established in 1991. We have over 25 years of experience in international and domestic sales of construction fasteners. We specialize in bi-metal self-drilling screws, anti-corrosion self-drilling coating screws, heavy structural bolts, stainless steel bolts, hex socket cap screws, anchors, nuts and washers. Not only can we provide standard products such as ASTM, JIS and DIN but also can offer customized products according to our clients’ design. With a 5000m3 warehouse here in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Chirek has more than 2,000 tons of heavy structural bolts, bi-metal self-drilling screws, stainless steel bolts, hex socket cap screws, nuts and washers in stock. Due to the huge stock of available products, our lead time is short. Moreover, we are willing to accept small volume orders. B84 ANCHOR FASTENERS INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. HU CHIA SHUO T 886-7-6227799 F 886-7-6224676 www.anchorfast.com.tw sales@anchorfast.com.tw AS 9100, ETA, ISO 9001-2001, ISO_TS16949, ISO 14001, TAF ANCHORS & FIXINGS, COLD FORMING PARTS, CONSTRUCTION FASTENERS, ANCHOR (SPEED RIVETING) NUTS, AUTO PARTS, CLINCHING FASTENERS, MEDICAL FASTENERS, MAGNESIUM PARTS.
D152 CHIEN TSAI MACHINERY ENTERPRISE CO., LTD. T 886-7-6225858 F 886-7-6233030 www.jiancai.com.tw jiancai@jiancai.com.tw CE, ISO14001 Chien Tsai Machinery machines can thread the diameter from 1 mm to 38 mm, and the length can reach 500mm. We have 46-year experience in manufactures. We are well-experienced and skillful in making machines and our machines have high quality and competitive price. Also we have obtained CE mark certification. From planning the suitable machines to after-sales service, customers are always first. In the future, Chien Tsai Machinery will use a globe perspective vision to develop and improve models of machines to meet the market demands. Our goal is to become the best machine supplier in fastener business.
B86/B82 CHUN CHAN TECH CO., LTD. MS.FIONA CHANG T 886-7-6235228 F 886-7-6234613 www.cctech.com.tw cct.com@msa.hinet.net CE Chun Chan Tech(CCT) was founded in 2004. We devote ourselves to researching and producing precise sorting machines. By integrating modern technology (optical, vision, eddy current and other precision equipment), CCT self-developed software and automatic equipment help customers enhance sorting quality and efficiency. Our sorting equipment applies to the inspection of fasteners, bolts, nuts, electronic part, rubbers, metallurgical powders, and other potential products. With the efforts made by our staff, CCT has grown and boost sales rapidly in short years. We have got numerous appreciation not only from domestic customers, but also from global customers in America, Europe, Asia, Middle East. In the meantime, we have accumulated abundant knowledge and experiences of R&D through interaction with customers. CCT focuses on self-developed software and provides customers with comprehensive services. Therefore, customized design is always welcome. Our optical sorting machine features high precision and low misjudgment. In addition, we value customer service under the unchangeable policy: customer satisfaction. We sincerely invite you to join us. Let CCT be your best partner!
B64/B60 CHANG HORNG INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. KO, YU-CHEN T 886-7-6241333 F 886-7-6228111 chan-change.com info@chan-change.com Chang Horng International is a bolt/parts former machine manufacturer located in Taiwan that integrates development, manufacturing, and export. Through years of continuous improvement on designs, we cultivate professionalism in our 2 die-4 blow screw heading machines. We got a strong base of manufacturing ability regarding to facilities, skills, and quality assurance. Chan Change sells all types of screw heading machines, related technical consulting, training, repairing, and maintenance. Our policy is to serve customers with the best technique, competitive price, and high quality. Chan Change is a partner you can count on. We welcome any requests from you for businesses.
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Analysis of India's Construction Fasteners and Fixing Anchors Market and Its Business Opportunities for Suppliers by Behrooz Lotfian
1- Japan was the main partner of fasteners in India during 2013 and 2014, but Chinese suppliers surpassed Japan later and the gap between China’s exported fastener value and Japan’s exported fastener value is getting larger year after year. 2- However, the exported fastener value of India has fluctuations. China has increased its exported value to the India market since 2014. 2013
1- The exported fastener value shows a drastic drop in 2017 in comparison with 2014, a loss of about 50% of the value. 2- The main problem is Germany. India has lost its market in Germany and it couldn’t find a replacement market for Germany. Importers from 2013 2014 2015 2016 India World 803,477 982,800 552,017 459,202 USA 78,033 72,477 89,104 79,205 Germany 133,339 160,061 88,983 67,354 Netherlands 29,105 14,752 51,896 58,121 UK 63,158 69,034 60,577 47,973 Values are in thousand USD
2017 487,956 81,536 75,076 54,298 47,040
Construction Fasteners
The fastener market in India is about 1.3 billion dollars. 62% of the value is generated from imported fasteners and 38% is generated from its exported fasteners to the world. The main partners of India in terms of imported fasteners (HS code 7318) are: China (with 21% of India’s fastener import), Japan (with 15% of India’s fastener import), Germany (with 14% of India’s fastener import), South Korea (with 12% of India’s fastener import), USA (with 7% of India’s fastener import), Thailand (with 6% of India’s fastener import), Taiwan (with 5% of India’s fastener import), Italy (with 4% of India’s fastener import) and other countries (with 16% of India’s fastener import). The following table shows that:
Exporters to India World China Japan Germany S. Korea
In terms of exported fasteners through India to the world, USA with 17% of Indian sold fasteners is the main market for Indian fasteners, followed by Germany with 15%, Netherlands with 11%, UK with 10%, UAE with 8%, and Italy with 6%. The remaining 33% exported fasteners through India go to the other countries. The following table shows that:
2014
2015
2016
729,695 721,679 691,171 692,381 127,164 121,776 134,687 143,142 148,769 133,026 113,903 113,577 90,126 98,956 96,887 98,893 78,233 70,321 75,880 74,374 Values are in thousand USD
2017 808,050 169,567 117,457 114,168 93,683
Custom duties do not specify a special HS code for construction fasteners, so countries like China use 731819 for fasteners used in construction. In this category, China and Germany are the main exporters to India. 43% of exported construction fasteners came from China, and 20% of the exported construction fasteners were made in Germany. China’s export to India in this category has been positive since 2013, and Germany could keep constant market share. Exporters to India World China Germany Others
2013
2014
2015
51,125 56,445 54,521 16,991 17,505 18,439 11,071 15,010 10,126 23,063 23,930 25,956 Values are in thousand USD
2016
2017
55,412 18,343 12,366 24,703
61,649 26,810 12,348 22,491
70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0
2013
2014 World
2015 China
2016 Germany
2017
Industry Focus In terms of exported construction fasteners through India, USA and UAE are two main markets for Indian fasteners. Although India’s export had been decreasing since 2013, in 2017 India recovered its market in this category. The U.S. market has positive growth for Indian fasteners and the UAE market has a negative trend for buying Indian fasteners. Importers from India World USA UAE Others
2013
2014
2015
91,093 86,183 77,732 22,901 16,621 27,556 25,472 19,859 14,862 42,720 49,703 35,314 Values are in thousand USD
2016
2017
69,649 30,613 11,121 27,915
83,677 32,513 15,305 35,859
100,000
Unit:1,000 USD 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0
2013
2014
China
2015
Japan
2016 Germany
2017 S. Korea
In terms of exported fixing anchor fasteners through India, Germany with 17% of the exported fasteners through India is India’s main market, followed by the Netherlands as the 2nd biggest market for Indian fasteners (15% of the market share), UK with 10.7%, Italy with 9% and USA with 8%.
90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0
2013
2014 World
2015 USA
2016
2017
Importers from India World Germany Netherlands UK
UAE
2013
2014
2015
2016
319,839 325,582 309,052 258,146 88,365 103,630 56,873 39,460 20,873 10,899 40,918 44,386 34,829 38,843 37,492 29,634 Values are in thousand USD
2017 256,343 44,084 39,572 27,405
350,000
HS Code 731815 Fixing Anchor Fasteners This category is similar to the main category of HS Code 7318. China supports 18% of India’s demand, Japan and Germany respectively supports 15% of India’s market, South Korea has 11% of India’s market, Thailand has 9%, Taiwan and USA respectively has 6%. Exporters to India World China Japan Germany S. Korea
300,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000
2013
2014
2015
265,107 292,263 322,409 44,094 47,275 57,557 52,884 53,364 49,374 33,961 41,650 45,849 37,113 35,995 37,822 Values are in thousand USD
2016
2017
331,412 59,650 58,933 46,520 36,550
386,909 70,017 59,475 56,184 42,721
50,000 0
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
World
India’s Fastener Has Lost Its Market
450,000 400,000
The main country that decreased its purchasing through India is Germany. It has decreased its purchase sharply. UK also has a negative trend, but the Netherlands market has a positive trend.
350,000 300,000 250,000
Unit:1,000 USD 120,000
200,000 150,000
100,000
100,000
80,000
50,000 0
301
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
World
The market has become bigger since 2013 and China and Germany both have increased their market shares in India sharply. Japan also has increased its market share in India but slowly, and South Korea keeps its market share constantly. The following graph reveals that Germany may surpass Japan in the next years.
60,000 40,000 20,000 0
2013
2014 Germany
2015 Netherlands
2016 UK
2017
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Exhibition
Fastener World’s Exhibition Preview
arranged by Fastener World
International Fastener Manufacturing Exposition 05/14-16 Georgia World Congress Center, Atlanta The International Fastener Manufacturing Exposition (IFME) is set for May 14-16, 2019 at the Georgia World Congress Center in Atlanta. The three-day event is co-located with INTERWIRE 2019. IFME is a breed apart from many other fastener industry events in the USA. Every attendee stepping into your booth will be actively involved in the design, development and manufacture of the full-range of industrial fasteners and precision formed parts—for every application. Simply stated, as a manufacturing show, IFME is not intended for distributors, re-sellers or end-users which means that as an exhibitor you will not have to spend valuable time and effort sorting out and determining who are the qualified prospects and potential customers for your products. As a leading supplier to the North American fastener and precision formed parts manufacturing industry, IFME is a prime opportunity to meet your buyers and prospects—up-close and personal.
Fastener Fair USA 05/22-23 The Cobo Center Fastener Fair USA brings together manufacturers, distributors, suppliers, OEMs, and end users. It will be the meeting place for fastener professionals in 2019 for the chance to see the latest technology and solutions; unparalleled industry education for professionals of all levels and industries; a new bonding and adhesives pavilion; professional networking opportunities; and a convenient location in the heart of the Midwest manufacturing region. Last year, 255 exhibitors from 20 countries showcased products, equipment, and solutions. Attendees can easily discover and connect with manufacturers of industrial fastener, fixing, and joining solutions, leading to collaborations to solve product design business challenges. No matter where someone is in the supply chain, they’ll appreciate seeing the latest technologies, innovations, and solutions for their business all in one place. Fastener Fair USA will offer a unique opportunity to get the latest industry information, forecasts, and technical education with keynotes and breakouts for all levels of experience, industry focus, and visitor segments. Educational sessions are taught by industry experts like Lammert DeBoer, Global Director of ZinKlad, DecoKlad & XMAPP (Quality Performance Systems) at MacDermid Enthone Industrial Solutions and Graham Immerman of Machine Metrics.
Korea Metal Week 06/19-21
KINTEX
On the total area of 21,546 square meters, Korea Metal Week 2019 will be held from June 19(Wed.) to 21(Fri.) at Hall 2~3, Exhibition Center 1, KINTEX in Goyang City, S. Korea. In 2019, Korea Metal Week will exhibit more wide-ranging and gather more sellers & buyers by newly-launching Control, Measurement and Automation applicable to the fastener industry. Fastener & Wire will showcase various exhibits as below. - Bolt / Nut Products & Equipment - Automobile Parts / Fastening Products & Subsidiary Materials - Wire Production & Manufacturing Also, it will concurrently be held with Press & Forging, Tools, Automobile & Machine Parts, Tube & Pipe, 3D Technology, Foundry
& Die Casting, Fundamental Manufacturing Industry, Aluminum, Metal Surface Treatment & Painting, Laser & Welding, Pump Technology, Composite, Control, Measurement and Automation. With subtitle ‘Advanced & Convergence Technology’, Korea Metal Week 2019 will invite experts of global automobile company such as Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Volkswagen, etc as keynote speakers. Also, through group invitation of their purchase department, the match-making service will be provided to the exhibitors for business meetings. Although Korea is not a big market in Asia, Korea Metal Week is the best marketing place to see the trend of the latest technologies in relevant industries.
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Fastener Expo Shanghai 06/26-28 National Exhibition & Convention Center (Shanghai) From 26-28 June 2019 a vast number of the industry’s leading companies will convene in Shanghai. Following the significant success of the recent 2018 exposition, which brought 633 exhibitors, 2019 sees a growth to over 700 exhibitors and 30,000 visitors. Occupying 60,000 sqm, next year promises an impressive display of products including non-standard pieces, fasteners for industrial application, fastener manufacturing technology and equipment, mould and consumables for fasteners, raw materials, and even related support products and techniques. The 10-year anniversary will also mark the expansion into a new type of fasteners: ITE is proud to introduce building fasteners, an unique area never showcased before. The 2019 Exposition, hopes to provide an interactive and unique experience for all those involved; Faceto-face services will also be offered allowing visitors to be matched to exhibitors in advance and a variety of seminars and conferences will be available allowing visitors to further expand their understanding of the industry.
Hand Tools & Fastener Expo 09/20-22 Bombay Exhibition Centre, Mumbai, India The 18th edition of HAND TOOLS AND FASTENER EXPO 2019, Indian subcontinent’s largest and only sourcing point for quality Hand Tools, Power Tools & Fasteners is scheduled to be held from 20th -22nd September 2019 at Bombay Exhibition Centre, Mumbai, India. The exhibition will showcase quality, special and high-end Hand Tools, Power Tools, Fasteners and Specialty Tools etc. used in the industries such as Automobile & Auto Service, Heavy Engineering, Construction & Infrastructure, Woodworking & Furniture, Gardening & Horticulture, Aviation etc. The well-established event will be the confluence of the international & national Hand Tools, Power Tools & Fastener manufacturers, and key personnel from the industries in special focus, Distributors/Retailers, Exporters, Industrial Suppliers etc. It is here the future oriented information exchange, discussions, decisions, buying-selling and investments will take place. The event features a wide range of latest products in the related segments from Indian and international manufacturers & suppliers. The HAND TOOLS AND FASTENER EXPO 2019 has exclusive pavilions for manufacturers from China and Taiwan.
MACTECH 11/14-17 Egypt International Exhibition Center Indisputably, Egypt is one of the prime key players in the MENA region when it comes to the metalworking machinery and industrial tools sectors; with a total market size valued at US$2 billion. Riding on the wave of up-and-coming developments in the industrial sectors; the metalworking machinery and industrial tools imports in EGYPT is expected to upsurge at a compound yearly growth rate close to 15%. MACTECH will be held at the prestigious venue Egypt International Exhibition Center during the period 14-17 November 2019; as a distinctive trade happening; where steady stream of consistent amazing arrays of metalworking, CNC machinery industrial tools, welding and cutting equipment are obtainable in a prevailing mood; escalating the industrial community’s awareness of trends and tendencies in a market that is poised to be the world’s next foremost industrial hub. Gathering the world’s brightest minds in metalworking, CNC machinery industrial tools, welding and cutting equipment; whilst addingin new pulse and overwhelming insights to the markets it served; MACTECH acts as the most comprehensive tightly focused trade exhibition serving thousands of Egypt’s most vigorous well-off industrialists, representing Millions of Dollars in investment chattels; in search for a stepping-stone towards sourcing the most advanced machinery and equipment. For 18 consecutive editions; “MACTECH”; indeed; has shown power to reach, target and attract thousands of qualified trade buyers; structuring the most influential compact trading alliances in industrial markets; the show is targeting 18,000 visitors in 2019.
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Exhibition
The Fastener Exhibition and Conference, Birmingham 09/11-12 NEC The Fastener Exhibition and Conference is taking place on the 11th & 12th September 2019 at the NEC in Birmingham. The show is expected to welcome 3,000 key buyers & decision makers from leading manufacturers, international wholesalers, OEM's and local stockists from the Fastener & Fixing Industry. The UK manufacturing industry employs 2.7 million people and accounts for 45% of total exports in the country, which clearly showcases just how important it is and how much it contributes to the economy. The Fastener Exhibition and Conference is what the UK’s design engineers, production professionals, distributors, senior manufacturing industry bosses and fastener buyers have been waiting for. It’s the one place for everyone within the fastener industry to gather under one roof and celebrate everything within the fastening, bonding and assembly space. Visitors will be made up of senior decision makers; CEOs, Industrial Stakeholders, Distribution Directors, CTOs and Directors from design engineering, production and manufacturing within aerospace, automotive and marine industries. Assembly, distribution and logistics managers in installation services, furniture manufacturing and communication technologies. The exhibition provides fastener companies with a dedicated platform to showcase their innovations, exchange expertise and develop business partnerships. It also acts as a trading forum and networking environment, offering valuable insights into future technologies and market trends. The main focus of our show will be responding to the trends of the fastener industry; how the changing innovation within the manufacturing industry directly affects the fastener and fixing industry, and how those who respond to those needs most efficiently will grow their businesses very quickly.
We will also focus on educating our clients on how to do better business and assisting senior decision makers and business owners to win new customers using the latest marketing techniques on how to improve efficiency. The education at the event will consist of a series of seminars, panel debates, demos and masterclasses, focusing on trends, debates, solutions, the future of the industry designed to give manufacturing business leaders the knowledge that they need to make the right decisions for their businesses going forward. Speakers will include some of the UK’s top business names, business leaders from within the fastener and fixing industry, thought leaders from the industry, as well as experts on niche areas of the fastener & fixing business.
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Exhibition Review
Fasteners World Middle East Showing Great Demand for Pre-packed Fasteners, Buyers Hail Taiwanese Suppliers to Set up Local Factories by Nai Wen Chang, Fastener World The 4-day Fasteners World Middle East took place at Expo Centre Sharjah (dates: 01/14-01/17). The location of Sharjah has made it become one of the most important economic and transportation hub that connects the East with the West since the 20th Century. Sharjah represents 45% of the UAE’s total industrial production value. Many exhibitors who see the opportunities the 2020 World Expo may bring to manufacturing are also present at the exhibition this year. According to Fastener World’s correspondent on-site, a high percentage of visitors are metal processing plants or metal manufacturers, as well as traders and distributors. Many visitors told our correspondent that they hope Taiwanese fastener suppliers can set up factories or designate local sales agents in UAE, as what local users mostly request is “pre-packed fasteners,” but unfortunately, local traders usually do not accept smallvolume orders. As a result, if Taiwanese suppliers can set up their local factories in UAE, they will have more opportunities to directly contact with local users demanding prepacked fasteners. This largest fastener exhibition in the Middle East draws a lot of companies interested in the Middle East market in attendance. Many visitors coming to this exhibition told our correspondent, “Taiwanese suppliers can definitely take the lead in the Middle East market if they can provide the Arabian market with certain quantities of customized fasteners and shipments, and can be even preferred if they can have local factories or offices in UAE.” Most of the product categories demanded in the Middle East are industrial fasteners and steel structure construction fasteners.
Jagular
Ray Fu
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Exhibition Review
M-Tech Tokyo 2019 by Gang Hao Chang, Vice Editor-in-Chief of Fastener World The 30th edition of M-Tech Tokyo took place at Tokyo Big Sight on February 06 through February 08, which was packed with several industrial professionals from domestic Japan and other countries. A diverse range of exhibits were displayed onsite this year, including various mechanical components & subcontracting service, industrial IT solutions, factory equipment and peripherals, 3D printers, aerospace technology, 3D & virtual reality technology and many other related products, service, technology and solutions. Although the show in 2019 happened to be the Lunar New Year Holidays, the marketing team of Fastener World was also present to disseminate free latest publications and did not miss the best chance to introduce high quality fastener related solutions providers to the Japanese market. Through the interaction and communication with on-site visitors, representatives of Fastener World not only gathered for customers the most complete industrial intelligence and new market trends, but also provided the visiting buyers with the first-hand superior suppliers info. According to the organizer, the 3-day event drew more than 80,000 buyers and visitors in attendance, fully revealing the tremendous demand in the entire industry for various industrial components, facilities and service. On the other hand, the show also drew the participation of over 1,500 registered exhibitors to search for business opportunities and establish partnerships in the Japanese market. The next edition of M-Tech Tokyo is scheduled to be held on February 26-28, 2020 at Makuhari Messe (Japan).
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Exhibition
Exhibition Review
Automechanika Ho Chi Minh City 2019- Fastener World Inc. Spearheads the Exploration of Business Opportunities in Vietnam The annually held Automechanika Ho Chi Minh City took place February 28 at Saigon Exhibition and Convention Center, which was a 3-day event. On the 10,200 sqm exhibition zone, 359 exhibitors from 18 countries incl. China, Germany, S. Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, UAE and Vietnam came to exhibit their latest parts & components, electronics & systems, accessories & customizing, repair & maintenance, alternative drive systems & digital solutions, etc. The fair provides important opportunities for local businesses to connect, network, exchange business ideas and broker deals with some of the industry’s most influential names. It also helps companies shape their business strategies and investment decisions when penetrating Vietnam’s automotive industry, and supports local firms entering overseas markets. According to Fastener World’s correspondent onsite, “With good expectations to the future development of the automotive industry in Vietnam, Fastener World was also present to disseminate its latest free magazines and explore business opportunities for fastener, hardware, hand tools and parts companies interested in penetrating the local Vietnamese market. The 2019 trade fair also included 9 national pavilions (incl. China, Germany, S. Korea, Malaysia, the Middle East, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand and Hong Kong), showing their new products or technologies to the local Vietnamese market. In addition, reps from fastener related companies (Nasalok, Bossard and Doerken, for example) were also present. A majority of visitors coming to the trade fair this year were local businesses, or branches set up by overseas leading companies. There were also visitors from Thailand, S. Korea, Japan, Myanmar and Cambodia. According to the organizers, the next edition of Automechanika Ho Chi Minh City will take place March 5-7, 2020.
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COMPANY FOCUS
Your Best Option to Reach Higher Quality Level with the Only Accredited Laboratory in Taiwan Specifically Dedicated to Fastener Testing-
Hilti Taiwan Engineering and Services by Nai Wen Chang, Fastener World Gangshan (Kaohsiung) is one of the most important fastener manufacturing heartlands in the world and is also where Hilti’s fastener testing laboratory is located. The proximity to the supply chain offers local fastener manufacturers advantages to send their samples to Hilti for speedy testing. Though initially focusing its business on screws, Hilti Taiwan Engineering and Services has now extended its service range and integrated its logistics unit to respond to demand in all kinds of fasteners and consumables sourcing. The laboratory in Taiwan is accredited to be fully professional mainly focusing on fastener testing, as it has full knowledge of tests generally carried out in the fastener industry and is able to offer customized packages for all companies in need of fastener testing.
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Customized Testing Packages Hilti offers customized testing packages for products used in different applications and corresponding services according to standards in different regions where the products may be sold. For products sold to different regions (e.g. USA, Europe, etc.), they are also required to be tested according to local regulations. As Hilti operates on a global scale, it has a clear picture of relevant regulations in different regions. With a diverse range of services, Hilti once helped test the tensile strength of fasteners used in a big project in Taiwan. In the test, fasteners were required to pass the loading test of up to 30 tons, which is six times the generally required load. Hilti is able to complete various precision or high-strength tests, such as heat treatment, dimensions, surface finish thickness, torque, tensile strength, just to name a few.
More Costeffective Testing Knowing What the Industry Truly Needs Due to a Wealth of Experience in the Fastener Industry Speaking of a rarely found laboratory focusing on fastener testing, manager Elaine Chen said, “The current large testing laboratories on the market usually offer a quite comprehensive range of services. Although they can offer services for fastener testing, it will require much more time for them to determine which testing method should be adopted and which part should be tested, as they are not specifically dedicated to fastener testing after all.” Fortunately, Hilti focuses its business mainly on tools and fasteners, so we know exactly what may be best suited to the demand of suppliers, distributors and even customers or end users. As a result, we are highly experienced in realizing quickly what the critical parts are in fastener testing.
International Standards Accredited and Strictly Confidential Testing on Products Hilti’s laboratory was accredited to ISO/IEC 17025 by TAF in 2016, which means that all of its processes are compliant with relevant standards and testing instruments are periodically calibrated, thus making Hilti achieve testing results more accurate and reliable than those made by other testing laboratories. As an impartial third-party laboratory, Hilti offers to sign the non-disclosure agreement with manufacturers if requested and can promise that all samples will be processed only for testing purpose, which significantly builds up fastener companies’ confidence and trust in Hilti Taiwan Engineering and Services.
Sending products to Hilti Taiwan Engineering and Services for testing means the tests are conducted by a thirdparty laboratory and the results, compared to other self-conducted testing, are most trustworthy to the public and most reliable to the consumers. Many manufacturers are vexed at whether to make millions of TWD investment in testing instruments or not, or they may have purchased the instruments with low utilization rate, which seems the investment turns out to be not cost effective. Facing various testing demand on the market, manufacturers are strongly recommended to contract Hilti Taiwan Engineering and Services to conduct fastener testing for them, as it has a professional team to ensure the product quality and tremendous extra budget for buying the seldom used testing instruments can be spared for better use. Contact: Elaine Chen Team Lead Testing Hilti Taiwan Engineering and Services Email: testing.tw@hilti.com
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T echnol o g y
Heat Treating Automotive Fasteners
by Laurence Claus
A
bout twenty years ago I was working with an automotive foundation brake supplier when catastrophe struck. One of this company’s calipers utilized a Collette Style Pin brake caliper design. These calipers operate by sliding along a two piece pin system. There is a Collette Pin with a tapped hole in the head and a Mounting Bolt. The Mounting Bolt connects the face of the Collette Pin to the back side of the Piston Body Flange, providing unfettered access for the caliper bracket to slide along these pins when the brake is functioning. O n e d ay t h e b r a k e m a n u fa c t u r e r wa s assembling calipers when they ran into an occasional bolt breaking during the Mounting Bolt tig ht en i ng pro c ess. As not h i ng had changed in their assembly process and breakage was infrequent, they immediately made an investigation of the bolts. They would quickly discover that the broken bolts, although intended to possess a Property Class 10.9 strength, were, in fact, almost dead soft. Parts that were not failing possessed the proper 10.9 strength rating. It would eventually be determined that the heat treating vendor had failed to completely empty the parts onto their furnace belt and pushed the, supposedly empty, tub around to the back of the furnace to collect the heat treated parts at the end of the process. In doing so, they inadvertently mixed a handful of unheat treated parts in with those that were heat treated. The parts would be subsequently coated with a dip
spin coating that hid any traces of difference between heat treated and unheat treated parts. In a similar example, in July of 2017 Ford Motor Company initiated a product recall, NHTSA 17V-472 of 117,000 2014 F Series Pick-up trucks, 2015 E Series vans, 2015 Ford Escapes, and 2015 Lincoln MKZs because of seat and seat belt anchor bolts that were cracking or vulnerable to cracking. Ford Central Labs would investigate this problem and concluded that there was a tempering problem in the heat treatment of the parts. Subsequently it was determined that the Tier 2 heat treater experienced a power failure on April 17, 2014 while processing a portion of this lot of parts. This power outage would ultimately result in the parts being improperly tempered. Although these are stories of process failures, they are excellent illustrations of the importance of proper heat treating of automotive fasteners and the imperiling consequences when things go wrong. Many automotive systems rely heavily on fasteners for proper functionality. Therefore, it really becomes critical that the proper heat treating process is designed, specified, and executed. This article will take a closer look at three common heat treating processes utilized by automotive fasteners.
Quench and Temper: Before we look at the actual process of strengthening a part through quench and tempering, we must first consider how fasteners used in bolted joints are intended to function. Remember that in a bolted joint there is an externally threaded bolt or screw and an internally threaded free spinning nut or fixed nut member. In either case once the joint is “snugged� into place, additional tightening of the screw should result in the screw beginning to elastically stretch and generate loads which effectively compress and hold the joint together. Therefore, for a bolt or screw to be functioning properly, it must possess the ability to elastically stretch. This behavior, however, is not unlimited and eventually the fastener reaches a point where the material is no longer able to sustain the loads being exerted on it and it begins to plastically deform. Depending on the strength level of the bolt, some will tolerate more plastic deformation than others, but ultimately all will eventually break.
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T echnol o g y Figure 1 Figure 1 illustrates this behavior and shows by comparison the behavior of low strength bolts compared to high strength bolts. More importantly than the comparison between strength grades, this figure clearly illustrates two very important principles. The first is that if the designer needs to generate a lot of “holding power” (what the industry calls Clamp Load and this figure defines as Tension), they must use high strength bolts. Secondly, we see that as strength increases parts become more brittle. This is shown in the relative distance that the low strength part plastically stretches before breaking when compared with the high strength fasteners. Considering the first point, as soon as the designer concludes that a higher strength bolt is needed, if using steel, it dictates that the part must be strengthened through heat treating. The most common process to achieve this strengthening is what is called “Quench and Tempering”, “Through Hardening” or “Neutral Hardening”. Regardless of the term used, the end result is the same, a part goes through the heat treating process and comes out uniformly harder and stronger. I n t he automot ive world , a l most a l l fasteners are now designed and manufactured in metric. Therefore, designers use metric material standards to dictate the desired strength of their parts. In automotive, each OEM usually has their own internal standard to provide guidance and requirements for bolt, screw, and nut strength. Even though each OEM publishes their own standard, almost all are based on ISO 898 Part 1 for externally threaded components and ISO 898 Part 2 for internally threaded components. These standards set out different strength levels called Property Classes. They begin at four and generally go to twelve (usually with gaps in-between numbers). Thus for externally threaded parts one has a choice of Property Classes 4.8, 5.8, 8.8, 10.9 and 12.9. For internally threaded parts, there are corresponding property classes but they do not have the second number after the decimal point, thus are 4, 5, 8, 10, and 12. With the external series, these part numbers mean something. The first number represents the nominal minimum tensile strength multiplied by 100 MPa (Megapascals). The second number represents the percentage multiplied by ten that the Yield Strength is relative to the Tensile Strength. As an example, a Property Class 8.8 part must have a nominal minimum Tensile Strength of 800MPa and a yield strength that is 80% of that value or 640MPa. Automotive designers utilize all of these property classes for automotive fasteners but 8.8 (8) and 10.9 (10) by far exceed any of the others in common utilization. Some applications call for Property Class 12.9 fasteners, but many vendors are cautious to
T echnol o g y supply these because of their high strength, critical nature, and susceptibility to Hydrogen Embrittlement. However, inescapably some applications may require the added strength that a 12.9 Property Class provides. So what is the Quench and Temper process? The names Quench and Temper, Through Harden, and Neutral Harden all actually provide us with different clues we need to understand the process. The first, Quench and Temper, describes the general process of heating the parts up, quenching them and then finishing them by reheating them to a lower temperature than was used in the first part of the process. The second, Through Harden, describes the fact that when done properly the microstructure and its performance is uniform throughout. This means, for example, that a M12 part will exhibit the same performance characteristics and microstructure at the center as at the surface. The last, Neutral Harden, describes the part of the process where parts are first heated up. The atmosphere surrounding the parts must protect them so that there are no changes to the surface through chemical reactions with surrounding atmospheric elements. The process is essentially broken into three parts, austenitizing, quenching, and tempering. The first process is austenitizing. This is the process of raising and holding the parts at temperature until the entire microstructure has transformed into steel’s high temperature structure, Austenite. There are multiple variables defining how long this will take so that the heat treater must carefully set their process parameters to make sure that they achieve complete transformation of all parts in the heat treat lot. At the temperature needed for this to occur, steel gets very reactive with certain elements in our atmosphere. Therefore, another important consideration in this first phase of the process is to assure that the atmosphere surrounding the parts is “neutral” and not subject to deleterious reactions. After the parts reach austenitizing temperature and are held there long enough for complete transformation the next step is to quench the parts. This entails quickly cooling them is some substance that quickly removes the heat from them. Common quenching materials include oil solutions, water, and water mixed with other constituents. Although there are some materials out there that do not respond to quenching, steel does. This quenching process quickly cools the parts and forces the Austenite to transform into a new structure known as Martensite. Martensite is exceptionally strong and hard, and, thus is a desirable structure for the steel to take when the heat treating process is intended to strengthen. Unfortunately, at this stage the Martensite, known as “untempered Martensite”, is too brittle for practical use. Therefore, the final stage of the process is to temper the parts. This part of the process restores some metallurgical toughness (reduces its brittleness) to the parts. This restoration is not, however, without trade-offs and the part strength and hardness decrease. Tempering is done at temperatures lower than the austenitizing temperature, as the heat treater wishes to preserve the Martensite structure they just formed in the earlier stages of the process. By far, the majority of automotive fasteners utilize this heat treating process. Of course this makes sense as the majority of fasteners are being called on to perform this load multiplication function where the bolt or screw is intended to stretch and generate a load which tightly compresses and holds the joint together.
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Carbonitriding: C a rb on it r id i ng or mor e com mon ly, C a se Hardening, is another process typical of some automotive fasteners. The name, Case Hardening, is suggestive of the condition of the final product after undergoing this process. In this instance, the process develops a very hard and strong outer shell without having a great deal of strengthening of the interior. Case Hardened parts are sort of similar to a gumball with a hard outer shell and a softer inside. Before we go much further, we should again look at the product and reasons for this type of heat treatment. It is used almost exclusively on Thread Forming Screws, especially those forming threads in mild steel. Although they may be used in thread forming into plastic or Aluminum, more commonly today these materials utilize thread forming screws that are Through Hardened. (The reason being that the high hardness and surface strength are not needed to form these materials and the Through Hardened parts are simply not as brittle.) Consider, therefore, this application. One has a steel screw attempting to form its own internal threads in a mild steel substrate. If the strength of the two are similar, thread forming will simply never occur. For thread forming to occur, the threads on the screw must be relatively hard and strong to hold up and survive the rigors of thread forming. The screws, therefore, must be much stronger and harder than the substrate they are going into. Although there is a hardness and strength difference between a mild steel material and a Through Hardened fastener to property classes 10.9 or 12.9, it likely will not be enough to prevent the threads of the screw from collapsing in on themselves. Thread Forming Screws, therefore, must have a high differential in hardness and strength compared to the substrate they are forming a thread in to be effective and work. Normally, this is achieved through Case Hardening. Unfortunately there are downsides to Case Hardening. The most significant is that the screws are more brittle and especially vulnerable to scenarios where they might be exposed to bending. Likewise on smaller parts or parts with thin thread profiles, the possibility of totally Case Hardening the thread exists. Although this makes a strong thread, it is also very brittle and quite vulnerable to breaking or shearing during installation. The process of Case Ha rdening is simila r to quench and tempering. In fact, most Case Hardening lines can be easily converted to a Through Hardening line and vice versa. The part is austenized, quenched, and tempered. The most significant difference, however, is that the atmosphere around the parts is no longer neutral. In fact, in Case Hardening the atmosphere is enriched with both Carbon and Nitrogen. The atmosphere
being thick with these elements and not balanced with the same concentration of these elements in the part will cause the part to soak up these elements. This results in the surface of the part becoming enriched with Carbon and Nitrogen which respond to the quench by getting harder and stronger than the areas below which have less Carbon and little to no Nitrogen. Again, Case Hardening results in fasteners that are generally well suited to thread forming screws or other requirements where surface hardness and strength are important. The biggest drawback, however, is that case hardened screws are not very “tough”. They are brittle on the outside and the core rarely possesses much strength. In addition they are vulnerable to bending, being over cased (where the case extends through the part cross section), or susceptible to Hydrogen Embrittlement.
Through Hardened and Induction Hardened Combinations: There are some applications in automobiles where designers are likely to choose a thread forming screw, but require that it is not brittle. Take for example the Anchor Bolts that hold seat belt brackets or seat tracks to the automotive structure. In rare instances where an automobile is in a severe collision these fasteners are expected to perform flawlessly, meaning that they keep the seat or seat belt anchored and don’t break. A Case Hardened part, however, would be quite vulnerable to breaking under the extreme conditions of a severe automobile accident. Therefore, how does one design a part that has the requisite toughness to withstand the collision without breaking but still be strong and hard enough to form threads in mild steel? The solution is to use a two-step heat treating process. Step one is to Through Harden the part, most likely to Property Class 10.9. Step two is to selectively harden the point through Induction Hardening. This gives the point area, where the thread forming occurs, the requisite strength to conduct the thread forming process while the body is not brittle and can, thus, withstand the severe impact loads exerted during a collision. Induction Hardening is the only selective hardening process. That means the process can be implemented on only a selective portion of a part. It can be used for this Anchor Bolt application to harden just the point or, in another common automotive application, suspension and steering ball joints, used to selectively harden a portion of the ball shaped head to prevent wear and scoring. In this process the parts pass through an induction coil. This is essentially a strong electric field which rapidly heats up just the area of the part within the coil. This heated area transforms to Austenite. The part is removed and quenched, forming Martensite. In some cases the parts are tempered and in other cases they are not. In the case of the Anchor Bolt application described above, parts commonly do not get tempered. This is acceptable as long as the induction hardened point passes all the way through the fastened joint. The point area may be brittle but it doesn’t matter because the material inside the joint is not. The hardened point performed its function to generate threads and is then rendered irrelevant because the portion of the Anchor Bolt actually in the joint is all in a Through Hardened condition. On rare occasions other heat treating processes such as annealing, carburizing, or ferritic nitro carburizing, may be used on automotive parts, but the three methods discussed in this article are clearly the mainstays for automotive fasteners. As the stories in the introduction illustrate, however, it is critical that both the designer and heat treat vender get it right. All too often important things like the lives of our passengers and fellow motorists are riding on getting small details like this right.
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