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DECEMBER 3, 2012

Alberta counties find big savings in biomass heating BIOMASS BARGAIN  Communities and businesses can get up to $5,000 towards a feasibility

study to find out if an alternative heating system would work for them

BY TONY KRYZANOWSKI AF CONTRIBUTOR

Toso Bozic, (l) bioenergy specialist and agroforester with Alberta Agriculture, discusses the benefits of a biomass-based, hot water heating system with Norm Swonek, Strathcona County project manager, Community Energy Systems Utilities. PHOTO: TONY KRYZANOWSKI

BULK UP NOW. earN UP tO

atural gas is pretty cheap these days, but is biomass an even better deal? Strathcona County recently spent $1 million on a biomass system to heat nine buildings (totalling 820,000 square feet) in Sherwood Park. The municipality expects the project, which received funding from the Alberta Food Council and Alberta Innovates Technology Futures, will pay for itself in just five years. It’s a similar story in Camrose County, which spent $220,000 to install and tie in a biomass heating system to its existing boiler system that heats 32,000 square feet of office space. It expects to achieve payback in seven years. If Toso Bozic gets his way, these projects will be the first of many. “The most proven technology is in Europe because they have been heating buildings using wood and agriculture waste for decades,” says Bozic, bioenergy specialist and agroforester with Alberta Agriculture. Thanks to funding from the Agriculture & Food Council of Alberta, Bozic will be conducting pre-feasibility studies for businesses and communities interested in biomass heating.

The studies are intended to provide interested parties with information on what’s possible, how much a system would cost, and how quickly it would pay for itself. “It’s my job to take away the mystery surrounding biomass-based heating systems for communities and businesses so they end up with an economical system that works,” says Bozic. The Agriculture & Food Council funding offers grants of up to $5,000, which is about half the cost of a study. A typical study also provides a step-bystep plan for installing a system, a list of proven suppliers of these types of heating systems, and potential nearby and long-term supplies of biomass. Often there are supplies of waste wood and agricultural material that would otherwise end up in a landfill or be left to rot, Bozic notes. “That wood waste has to go somewhere,” Bozic says. “For example, right now many communities and businesses are paying to transport wood waste to landfills. The cost of landfilling that material could go toward paying for a biomass heating system, and the wood waste is put to use as an energy source.” Strathcona County signed an agreement with wood pallet manufacturer

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news » inside this week

inside » Cheaper cheese? Policy prof slams supply management

DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

livestock

crops

The right stuff

Tilth troubles

columNists Carol Shwetz Should you blanket your horse?

phil franz-warkentin Oilseed fundamentals take a back door

Bee friendly Processor seeks more borage acres

Did farming make us less intelligent?

21 10

Brenda Schoepp

Project maps genomes of Canada’s top bulls

Wet fields and heavy equipment a bad combo

The promise and frustration in Ukraine

Ag for Life holds inaugural Harvest Gala

Reversed } Today, executives are rewarded for bad decisions

A caveman kept his brain sharp by being on constant guard against predators. PHOTo: Thinkstock

A recent study in the journal Trends in Genetics argues that humans lost the evolutionary pressure to be smart once we started living in dense agricultural settlements several thousand years ago. “The development of our intellectual abilities and the optimization of thousands of intelligence genes probably occurred in relatively non-verbal, dispersed groups of peoples (living) before our ancestors emerged from Africa,” said study author Gerald Crabtree, a researcher at Stanford University, in a statement. The study says early humans had to be constantly on their toes to find food and shelter, and to be on the alert for predators. But after the spread of agriculture, providing regular access to stored food, genes responsible for intelligence were under less pressure from the daily challenge of staying alive. “A hunter-gatherer who did not correctly conceive a solution to providing food or shelter probably died, along with his/her progeny, whereas a modern Wall Street executive that made a similar conceptual mistake would receive a substantial bonus and be a more attractive mate. Clearly, extreme selection is a thing of the past,” the researchers write in the journal article.

Premier Alison Redford spoke to more than 700 who attended the inaugural Harvest Gala fundraiser held recently at the Calgary Stampede grounds. The organization to promote the industry was founded by some of the major agriculture-related organizations in Alberta including Agrium Inc., ATB Financial, ATCO Group, Penn West Exploration, Rocky Mountain Equipment, TransCanada Corporation and UFA Co-operative Limited. Contributing members include AdFarm, Alberta Agriculture, Glacier Media Group and Mosaic Studios. Supplied photo

Two outstanding Albertans inducted into 4-H Hall of Fame Induction } Ceremony to be held at conference Jan. 12

Agri-News

wo Albertans who have demonstrated exceptional leadership and community involvement are being inducted into the 4-H Alberta Hall of Fame. In celebration of National 4-H Day, Edith Walker and Timothy Church were recognized for

their significant contributions to community service and youth mentorship. They will be honoured during a special ceremony at the annual 4-H Leaders’ Conference in Edmonton on Jan. 12, 2013. “The commitment and dedication these two remarkable Albertans have shown for the 4-H program and their communities

represents everything that 4-H stands for,” said Verlyn Olson, minister of agriculture and rural development. “Our province was built from a foundation based on the rural way of life and a strong sense of community. These two inductees are setting an excellent example for all Albertans.” Hall of Fame candidates are nominated by their peers, mem-

bers or leaders from their local 4-H organization, based on the candidate’s personal qualities, demonstrated leadership, community references and significant contributions to 4-H, agriculture and rural life. A total of 79 men and women have now been inducted into the Alberta 4-H Hall of Fame since it was established in 1971.

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

Western grain system humming so far this crop year TOO SOON  It’s not yet clear whether performance is related to the end of the CWB monopoly

Exports through Vancouver have been smooth for the past few months. BY ALLAN DAWSON STAFF

anada’s grain-handling and -transportation system performed above average during the first 13 weeks on the new crop year, but it’s too soon to tell if there’s a connection with the ending of the Canadian Wheat Board’s monopoly, according to Mark Hemmes, president of Quorum Corporation, the firm hired by the federal government to monitor system performance. There were near-record grain car unloads at Vancouver in recent weeks, Hemmes told the Fields on Wheels conference in Winnipeg Nov. 9. “Is this all about the CWB? No, I’m not ready to say that yet,” he said. “But I can tell you things are looking really good and this has got to do with the amount of volume that’s moving through and the kind of good weather that we’ve had and the fact that the railways went into this crop year with a mindset that ‘nobody is going to blame us for this’ (if movement suffered).”

Not the same

When the Australian Wheat Board lost its monopoly several years ago, logistical mayhem followed as companies eager to lock up market share oversold capacity. It took months for exports to smooth out. That hasn’t happened here. In fact, grain company officials and open-market supporters predicted system performance would improve post-CWB monopoly because companies would control all grain movement themselves. It’s too soon to credit the demise of the board’s single desk, but had performance declined many people would be blaming the open market, said Richard Wansbutter, Viterra’s vice-president of government and commercial relations. “Three or four months isn’t a

PHOTO: THINKSTOCK

trend necessarily, but I’ve got to tell you it’s moving in the right direction,” he said. Thunder Bay moved more grain in September and October than during the same period since 1998, said Tim Heney, chief executive officer of the Thunder Bay Port Authority.

Above average

Performance so far this crop year continues above-average performance last crop year, during which the wheat board still had a monopoly. “It was probably the best year in the 12 years we’ve been looking at it under the grain-monitoring program,” Hemmes said. There were improvements in every category from car unloads and car cycles, to the time grain was stored in the country and total time in the system. Last year grain was in the system a total of 49 days after being delivered to a country elevator, compared to 78 days in 19992000. Loaded transit times for grain cars fell to an average of 5.5 days from 8.5 days. Concerns that the grain companies wouldn’t handle CWB grain have not come true and the three big grain companies that own 90 per cent of Vancouver’s grain export capacity are handling grain sourced by smaller companies, he said. “The bottom line — and this is what I believed — these guys are in this to move grain and to move as much as they can... and to make money and that’s the way they’ve been behaving, and that’s a good thing,” he said.

Churchill will export about 490,000 tonnes of grain this year, which is close to average, Hemmes said. “I would have to say its (future is) fully dependent on the $9-a-tonne (federal subsidy that expires in four years), after that they’re going to have to find some other way to incent the grain that way because the economics I’m not certain will be there,” he said.

Leonard Gluska of the Churchillpromoting Hudson Bay Route Association, said Manitoba’s northern port has a $32-a-tonne freight advantage over Montreal when shipping from Humboldt, Sask., to Brazil. One of Churchill’s disadvantages is the grain it exports has to be held over almost a year, resulting in higher storage costs.

In an interview Hemmes said Churchill is also at a disadvantage because no grain company owns a terminal there. “If you own a facility in Thunder Bay are you really inclined to use the one at Churchill?” he said. Heney said Ottawa’s $9-a-tonne Churchill subsidy is unfair to Thunder Bay, which is competitive without being subsidized.

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Producer cars still here

Hemmes said he expected producer cars to disappear, but they haven’t. “So the short lines we were concerned about seem to be doing OK so far,” he said. “The jury is still out but where we thought producer cars would totally dry up; they have not.”

Always follow grain marketing and all other stewardship practices and pesticide label directions. Details of these requirements can be found in the Trait Stewardship Responsibilities Notice to Farmers printed in this publication. © 2012 Monsanto Canada, Inc.

DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

EDITOR Will Verboven Phone: 403-697-4703 Email: will.verboven@fbcpublishing.com

Reporters Alexis Kienlen, Edmonton (780) 668-3121 akienlen@fbcpublishing.com

Shawna Gibson Email: shawna@fbcpublishing.com

California voters were not fooled by hidden agenda

Director of Sales & Circulation

Rejected } Voters reject proposition that would have

Sheri Monk, Pincher Creek (403) 627-9108 sheri.monk@fbcpublishing.com

PRODUCTION director

required labelling of all foods with GM ingredients

Lynda Tityk Email: lynda.tityk@fbcpublishing.com

CIRCULATION manager Heather Anderson Email: heather@fbcpublishing.com

By will verboven

Alberta Farmer | Editor

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ost citizens, having better things to worry about, probably were oblivious to the outcome of Proposition 37 on the California ballot in the recent U.S. election. The proposition, which lost, proposed that all food containing genetically modified (GM) ingredients be labelled as such. The vote result was more a matter of common sense over any actual consumer benefit. Hopefully, this will be a trend in citizens’ perspectives on issues that are nothing more than exercises in political correctness and busybodyness by lobby groups. The American democratic process allows for citizens to vote directly on issues if the necessary amount of signatures are obtained to get it placed on the ballot. In Canada such referendums on issues do occur, but usually only at the discretion of the party in power. The American process is true citizen power and has resulted in governments having to do things that they were not always in favour of, such as limiting tax increases. Of course the side-effect is that dubious propositions can be placed on the voting ballot. Proposition 37 was a classic example of such a consequence. For years self-appointed green, organic and consumer lobby groups have waged a PR war against GM crops and food products. Their motives were entirely mercenary and had nothing to do with any danger to human health. In the 15-year history of humans consuming GM food products, there has not been a single death or illness attributed to GM ingredients. But that reality is but an inconvenient truth to zealous lobby groups. Such lobby groups in North America have been spectacularly unsuccessful in moving public opinion and governments into placing any restrictions on GM plants, ingredients and food products. But for lobby

groups it’s not the cause that is important, it’s the ongoing campaign. Getting Proposition 37 on the ballot was the goal, not whether it was passed. In fact its failure was the success, it meant lobby groups could now continue their campaigns with the result being a continued flow of donations into their respective coffers. It’s a sort of lose-win situation.

For years self-appointed green, organic and consumer lobby groups have waged a PR war against GM crops and food products. Their motives were entirely mercenary and had nothing to do with any danger to human health. The reality is consumers already have a choice whether to buy food products that are free of GM ingredients. So-called organic and all-natural food products take great pride in stating prominently on their labels that they do not contain GM ingredients. One could rightfully assume that if such a claim is not made on a product label that it may well contain GM ingredients. Most consumers are intelligent enough to make that assumption. There is another perspective to the labelling issue, that being if GM labelling was made mandatory it would become so widespread on so many products that consumers would become blind to the label and ignore any doubts. That’s a realistic assumption, since consumers don’t read labels much already and seem unworried by the myriad artificial ingredients so many food products contain. Without lurid

media reports about deaths and illness from GM food, I expect it would be hard to get most consumers excited about GM labelling. But then perception is in the eyes of the beholder. For instance, no marketers seem willing to sell irradiated food products at the retail level. The biggest stumbling block is that such products are required to be labelled with the “radura” symbol on the package. That symbol gives the visual impression that the product has been treated with radiation, even though that is not the case at all. But no marketer wants to risk a possible backlash such a label might cause. But that is what lobby groups hope will happen if consumers were made aware of what foods contained GM ingredients. Theoretically that would stop GM crops from being in demand and agricultural production would have to return to non-GM crops. That approach has worked well in Europe, but then consumers over there are never given the choice as consumers are in North America. The consequences for European consumers has been higher-priced food and higher production costs for growers. This can’t go on forever, particularly as more world ag production switches over to the benefits of GM crops. But such reality does not seem to discourage lobby groups, they will continue their anti-GM battles. You can count on more propositions being brought forth in the U.S. at their elections, and continued efforts by lobby groups to instigate gullible (or is it just plain dumb) Canadian MPs to introduce nuisance anti-GM bills to thwart the marketing of GM food products in Canada. NDP MP Alex Atamanenko has introduced just such a bill in the House of Commons. His claim to fame is that he was behind a doomed bill to stop the processing of horses for meat in Canada. Hopefully the defeat of Proposition 37 in California is an indication that consumers are no longer being fooled.

www.albertafarmexpress.ca or email: subscription@fbcpublishing.com At Farm Business Communications we have a firm commitment to protecting your privacy and security as our customer. Farm Business Communications will only collect personal information if it is required for the proper functioning of our business. As part of our commitment to enhance customer service, we may share this personal information with other strategic business partners. For more information regarding our Customer Information Privacy Policy, write to: Information Protection Officer, Farm Business Communications, 1666 Dublin Ave., Wpg., MB R3H 0H1 Occasionally we make our list of subscribers available to other reputable firms whose products and services might be of interest to you. If you would prefer not to receive such offers, please contact us at the address in the preceding paragraph, or call 1-800-665-0502. The editors and journalists who write, contribute and provide opinions to Alberta Farmer Express and Farm Business Communications attempt to provide accurate and useful opinions, information and analysis. However, the editors, journalists and Alberta Farmer Express and Farm Business Communications, cannot and do not guarantee the accuracy of the information contained in this publication and the editors as well as Alberta Farmer Express and Farm Business Communications assume no responsibility for any actions or decisions taken by any reader for this publication based on any and all information provided.

Double standard on food recalls by will verboven

he recent XL Foods beef recall showed, once again, how quick the Canadian Food Inspection Agency and the mainstream media react to contaminated beef products. It tends to be massive and seemingly over the top, particularly when compared to other food products that have become contaminated. All foodborne disease outbreaks are unfortunate, but some seem to be singled out more than others. Why is there this difference? If a consumer gets sick or dies from ingesting a food or beverage product, should not the CFIA or Health Canada take the same drastic recall and control steps in every case? We know that some consumers got sick from eating E. coli-tainted beef, but thankfully no one died. But what if 13 deaths had been linked to that same beef? You would expect an even

more severe response to the situation. Curiously, just that has happened with another product, but the official response has been quite different. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is investigating 5-Hour Energy Drinks as the source of those deaths and other illnesses. The American agency has issued a caution to consumers about this beverage — a modest reaction that I expect would have been quite different and much more drastic if the 13 deaths had been linked to beef consumption. The situation in Canada is even more curious. Unlike the massive CFIA reaction to the XL Foods case, it has not had any response to the deaths linked to the energy drink. Maybe I missed it, but a check of the CFIA and Health Canada websites contains no alerts, cautions, or hazard warnings for this product that is linked to 13 deaths. One assumes our agencies must see no linkage or

danger in consuming the beverage. Perhaps a caution is deemed necessary only if Canadians die. I guess until that happens, it’s safe to drink the product in Canada. Curiously, the CFIA and Health Canada websites contain hundreds of warnings and cautions about other food products and beverages, some even state that there have been no reported health concerns, but consumers are forewarned anyway. You would think that a product linked to 13 deaths would at least deserve a health hazard warning. The mainstream media reported on the 13 deaths and the link to the beverage, but there was no hounding of the manufacturer for a response and no shrill demands for government investigations over the deaths. It would sure be enlightening to see a study explaining how the system works and why some contaminated foods or beverages are treated differently from others. Just wondering.

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

Success is not measured in what you get, but what you give Philanthropy } Dragons’ Den entrepreneur challenges Prairie communities to step up to the plate By W. Brett Wilson

grew up in Saskatchewan, and like many, my affection for the land is surpassed only by my affection for Prairie people. In my home town of North Battleford, I witnessed incredible displays of community spirit, most notably from my parents. If a stranger were stranded with a flat tire, my father Bill Wilson was the guy who would pull over first to lend a hand. I once was with him when he backed up a quarter-mile on a muddy road just to follow a neighbour driving in another direction because he was worried she might get stuck. My mother was equally inspirational. As a social worker, she was always doing what she could to help the community, from volunteering for causes related to her children to taking in foster kids to teaching parenting classes. Giving back was part of her DNA. This commitment to community is a wonderful part of my legacy. You may be reading this in Kamloops, Kipling, or Calgary, but my guess is that we share a similar belief — the real measure of success is not just about hard work and big rewards. It’s also about giving back and taking care of the people around us. After I became more focused on philanthropy, I realized I hadn’t yet done anything substantive to give back to my birthplace so I organized large (to me) dona-

tions to the United Way and the Battlefords Union Hospital. It didn’t take long to learn that my personal donation of $100,000 matched the United Way’s entire fundraising goal for that year, and that the biggest single donation it had ever received was $5,000. I was dumbfounded. I knew that people in the Battlefords had wealth, but obviously had never been given a vision for building their city through creative philanthropy. It was time to shake some money loose from under the local mattresses. I asked the hospital CEO what else was on his wish list and the request for four new anesthesiology machines caught my eye. The hospital had four old units, but at least one was always down for repairs. I said I would give $300,000 toward new machines, but the hospital had to match it by raising $300,000 themselves. I didn’t realize then that the most they had ever raised in one campaign was $100,000. The hospital accepted, but wanted 12 months. I gave them three. I can only imagine the nervous conversations, but they called the next morning and agreed. The “Dollar-for-Dollar” campaign was on. It took less than three months. At the end of a multi-day radio-thon, they called with the results. “Brett, we have met your challenge — in fact we blew through it — and have raised $500,000!” I was so moved

that there was little I could do but match them dollar for dollar. The $1 million was an incredible boost for the city, but the bigger impact came in community engagement. To say the citizens surprised themselves would be an understatement. North Battleford is not unique. There are hundreds of similar communities with innovative organizations addressing similar causes, and providing opportunities for citizens to make our communities better places to live and do business.

To me, the real bottom line is not about how much we get, but how much we are privileged to invest in others. That’s how I have redefined success.

Brett Wilson

More than a business case

Strong communities attract new businesses and quality employees who want to live in communities with a strong economic and social fabric. As one of the proud co-founders of Calgary’s FirstEnergy Capital Corp., I’ve seen the enormous impact one company can have. In addition to donating more than $10 million to more than 500 community agencies over almost 20 years, FirstEnergy has raised millions for the victims of the 1997 Manitoba Flood, the Quebec ice storm in 1998, the Alberta drought in 2002, and the Slave Lake disaster in 2011. But the best corporate philanthropy doesn’t just make a social impact — it adds to a company’s bottom line. FirstEnergy didn’t set out to be a leader in corporate philanthropy. We did set out to be a leader in investment banking. We used charitable giving as a marketing tool. Every time we contributed, we were very open that we expected something in return. What we gained in recognition, co-branding with larger companies helped us to dramatically increase our profile, develop new partnerships and grow our client base. That is the kind of return on investment corporate philanthropy should expect. But giving can be even more rewarding. I’m quite candid that when I started my career 30 years ago, my goal was simple: I wanted

to make money — and lots of it. I wanted success, the big house, and a few nice toys in the garage. I soon learned that financial success can become surprisingly hollow. Ironically, philanthropic pursuits produce a much more satisfying return. So after spending many years focused on making money, I now spend as much if not more of my energy giving it away. That’s why I constantly challenge people to think carefully about how we measure success. Earlier this year, the first World Happiness Report attempted to measure social and economic well-being. Canada placed fifth. It came as a surprise to some people, but not to me, that a nation’s happiness is not necessarily tied to its economy, but has more to do with things like personal freedom and strong social networks. If we stop measuring success based on material wealth, and start measuring it in terms of things we really value — relationships with family and friends, and the quality of our communities, then we all might start to feel richer than we thought possible. To me, the real bottom line is not about how much we get, but how much we are privileged to invest in others. That’s how I have redefined success. Entrepreneur and philanthropist Brett Wilson recently released a new book titled Redefining Success: Still Making Mistakes.

Western Stock Growers’ Association wants XL investigation Nine questions } Industry should know the cause so it can take steps to avoid a repeat By Phil Rowland President, Western Stock Growers’ Association / High River

he Western Stock Growers’ Association (WSGA) has respectfully asked the Government of Canada to launch an independent investigation into the crisis surrounding the closing and long process to reopen the XL beef plant in Brooks. Recently, producers at the Alberta Beef Producers (ABP) zone meeting in Fort MacLeod supported a motion to call for an inquiry that will go beyond the internal review so far promised by government. This motion came from a discussion critical of how the issue was handled and concerns on how to avoid such

preventable crises in the future. The roles of all involved including the operator, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), the USDA and governments must be explored. Everyone from the cattle producer to the consumer holds a measure of responsibility to keep the food on our families’ plates safe. We applaud the ABP for joining our efforts in requesting a full investigation into the recall. Some of the unanswered questions WSGA requested the government to address in a thorough investigation include: 1. When an outside audit conducted in May by Silliker Inc. found that sampling of trim product was “inconsistent” with the standard, why was not a Corrective Action Request (CAR) issued?

2. When a 2010 survey by FSIS indicated that the majority of the largest meat packers diverted or destroyed all trim in a batch or on a day if five per cent of its tests were positive for E. coli 0157:H7 and the HACCP plan for XL only diverted product if more than 10 per cent of a batch tested positive or more than 20 per cent of the day’s production was tainted, why did the CFIA approve this process? 3. Between Sept. 17 and Oct. 12, CFIA issued 17 Health Hazard Alert updates, each of which has expanded the list of recalled products in excess of 1,800 products and an estimated recall of 45 million pounds. What parameters did CFIA use in making these decisions?

4. As 17 Health Hazard Alerts is very high considering it was for the same event, did the CFIA give any thought or regard for the damage to the reputation of the beef industry? 5. Of the recalled shipments of beef, how many tests were positive for E. coli 0157:H7? 6. Is it unusual to recall whole muscle cuts and why was it deemed necessary in this situation? 7. Why did the CFIA not think it would be useful to require companies to analyze test results for the potentially fatal E. coli 0157:H7? 8. Why were most of the CFIA inspectors at the plant not trained in Compliance Verification System (CVS)?

9. The Canadian Traceability System is comprised of two components — on the live side with the Canadian Cattle Identification Agency (CCIA) and on the processed side with Canadian Food Product Traceability (CFPT). Why is the CCIA mandatory and punishable by fines whereas the CFPT is voluntary and participation is much lower with no consequences of non-compliance? In order to envision the future we must know exactly what happened in the past. It would be a shame to throw lives and businesses in jeopardy without learning the exact cause of the crisis and we won’t know the answer to this unless there is an independent investigation.

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december 3, 2012 • Albertafarmexpress.ca

biomass } from page 1

High-quality harvest eases transition to post-single-desk era Missed opportunity } Top company official warns nearby

terminal capacity is not being fully used by allan dawson staff / winnipeg

“It’s my job to take away the mystery surrounding biomass-based heating systems for communities and businesses so they end up with an economical system that works.” Toso Bozic

Northstar Pallets to provide it with 1,400 tonnes of processed wood waste material throughout the heating season. The wood waste is used to heat water to about 95 C, which is then circulated throughout the nine county buildings on a community heat network. The heating system consumes about one bin of wood waste every 24 hours. The county opted for a system from Lambion Energy Solutions, and the German company now intends to open an office in Alberta, which will provide easier local access to technical support for its systems. Camrose County also purchased German technology, a Köb wood boiler, distributed through B.C.’s Fink Machine Inc. Biomass systems can also be SEC-STETT12-T_AFE.qxd used to generate electricity.10/14/11

large and high-quality crop along with an early harvest was just what the doctor ordered to ease the transition to the post-single-desk era, says the CWB’s chief operating officer. “I can’t imagine what we’d all be going through... if we were talking about a crop that was predominantly (No.) 3 red (spring wheat) with falling number issues,” Ward Weisensel said at the 17th annual Fields on Wheels conference. “It would be unbelievable.” Low quality ups the logistical challenge because it requires more segregation of grain to meet customers’ quality specifications, but this year’s wheat crop is grading mainly No. 1 and 2 with protein averaging 13.8 per cent, he said. Grain unloads at Vancouver during the first quarter of the current crop year have been above average. However, earlier this month, there were 20 to 25 grain ships waiting to be loaded at Vancouver, Weisensel told reporters later. Normally there would be around 10 but rain has hampered loading. The loss of the single desk not surprisingly, resulted in some unexpected things, Weisensel said. For example, nearby terminal capacity is not being fully used. “When you have assets, you want to make sure they are fully utilized all the time,” Weisensel said. To fill that capacity, grain companies have to make money on their export sales, which means buyers either have to pay more or farmers take less, or both, he added. “It could be a missed opportunity though because if we miss the utilization of capacity now you can’t get it back and that may mean we won’t be able to move all the grain prior to new crop coming on,” he said. “If you don’t use it, that revenue stream is gone — you never get it back. It’s like a jet leaving with empty seats.” Weisensel said reaching agreements with grain companies to handle CWB grain also took longer than he expected. 1:35 “We PM underestimated Page 1 a lot of the complexi-

Some unexpected things occurred after the wheat board monopoly was abolished, CWB chief operating officer Ward Weisensel told the Fields on Wheels meeting. photo: allan dawson ties around the relationships between the grain companies and wheat board.” As well, high grain prices “make pooling a more iffy option for farmers,” he said.

Early plan to privatize

The CWB, now a government-owned, forprofit grain company, must be privatized or wound down by Aug. 1, 2017. The company’s goal is to present its privatization plan to the federal government a year ahead of the deadline, Weisensel said. “Depending on how we privatize this, you’re going to be seeking capital from the marketplace so you don’t want to be caught in a time frame where it’s not a good time to do it and you’re up against a deadline,” he said. The CWB is also looking at acquiring its own grain-handling facilities, but Weisensel wouldn’t speculate on whether it will build new elevators or buy existing ones. Canada’s elevator capacity could also increase as new companies, such as Cenex Harvest States, Bunge and Noble Grain, enter the western Canadian market, he said. “In the previous environment, they saw

“I can’t imagine what we’d all be going through... if we were talking about a crop that was predominantly (No.) 3 red (spring wheat) with falling number issues.” Ward Weisensel

us as their Canadian origination strategy,” he said. “Now they’ve got to look at a different approach.” Asked if the CWB might merge with an existing grain company, Weisensel replied: “Everything is on the table. It’s just a question of how it fits and how it fits where we want to place ourselves strategically within the marketplace.”

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Albertafarmexpress.ca • december 3, 2012

Regulations and farmer voice needed in post-CWB monopoly world Balance } Open-market advocates say free enterprise still needs to be regulated By Allan Dawson staff / Winnipeg

wo vocal advocates for deregulating Western Canada’s wheat marketing now say farmers need a strong voice and new regulations to protect them from the open market. While free enterprise is the best economic system, it only works when transactions are voluntary and there is true competition, said Paul Earl, a former lobbyist against the Canadian Wheat Board single desk for United Grain Growers and the Western Canadian Wheat Growers Association. Earl, acting director of the University of Manitoba’s Transport Institute, told the recent Fields on Wheels conference here that market intervention is justified when there is a power imbalance. “The end of farmer control in the industry comes precisely at a time when we see economic and social forces within free enterprise today looking a heck of a lot like it looked in 1900,” said Earl, a PhD in history. “In other words, very substantial imbalances of power (between farmers and rail and grain companies).” It was these “imbalances” in early 20th century that drove farmers to create their own co-operative grain companies and ultimately the Canadian Wheat Board, to get some “power in the marketplace,” he noted. “It was a period when arguably free enterprise wasn’t working as it should.”

“And of course they got it. The Pools and the wheat board were extremely powerful organizations. Lo and behold that power was not always exercised in the best way.” Earl said the West’s grain-handling and -transportation system stagnated from the end of the Second World War until the 1970s because of excessive regulation. He blamed the wheat board’s total control of grain transportation and the Crow (regulated) grain freight rate.

Political voice

With UGG, the Pools and monopoly CWB, gone, farmers have lost a political voice. “If you look back thousands of years agriculture is always political,” he said. “And it’s always political because we all have to eat.” Much of the control farmers once held in the grain industry was through the Pools and wheat board. Farmers who fought to end the board’s monopoly don’t want to discuss farmer control because “it has such a bad odour,” Earl said. “I think that’s short sighted. And I think that perhaps is one of the major issues about deregulation going forward... farmers should be thinking about.” His concerns were shared by consultant and blogger John De Pape, who said ending the wheat’s board’s monopoly is akin to removing a tree, roots and all. Something needs to fill the hole. “Many people have the attitude, ‘well, that’s done, the market will

Ten Sask. community pastures transferred in late 2013

take care of itself,’” said De Pape, who frequently criticized the board’s single desk and its operations on his blog. “And I’m not one in that school.” Many small grain companies relied on the wheat board to assist them in the market, he said. “Some of these smaller companies are going to have a hard time competing with the big companies, which shall remain nameless,” De Pape said. “But it certainly behooves us to give them a fighting chance because they built their business models around the old system. “From my perspective regulation is a lot like cholesterol — there are good regulations and bad regulations,” he said. The futures market, for example, is highly regulated, De Pape said. “So regulation isn’t necessarily a bad thing.”

More information

Open markets need information to function properly. To that end it should be mandatory for grain sales to be reported to a government agency weekly, just as they are in the United States, De Pape said. “It is vital information so you know what business has been going on, particularly if you’re a smaller guy,” he said. “I think it’s important and nobody is going to do it unless it’s mandated so let’s get on it. “We don’t have (reports on) vessel lineups anymore. We’re losing information, we’re going back-

John De Pape (l) and Paul Earl are longtime advocates of deregulation of the Canadian Wheat Board, but they still see a role for regulation to address power imbalances in the new open market. photo: allan dawson wards so I think if the government does anything it should step up to the plate and provide that information.” The Canadian Grain Commission, which reports on grain stocks, movement and exports, is a “public good” and should be paid for by taxpayers, not the grain infantry, De Pape said. The government should also play a role in who is allowed to advise farmers on marketing, according to De Pape. Futures market advisers in the United States must meet specific requirements set by government regulators. “We have nothing like that here,” he said. “These farm consultants, all they have to be able to do is hook up a telephone and a computer and get business cards and they’re in business. And that scares me.” Canadian grain dealers must be bonded by the grain commission, but a market adviser doesn’t, De Pape said.

“The end of farmer control in the industry comes precisely at a time when we see economic and social forces within free enterprise today looking a heck of a lot like it looked in 1900.” Paul Earl

“It’s kind of a double-edged sword,” he said. “I think farmers can do well by hiring good, intelligent advisers, but I think there needs to be some kind of regulatory control on it as well.”

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Stipulation } Each pasture is to be maintained

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attle producers now using 10 federally operated community pastures in Saskatchewan will need to be ready to run them in 2014, while a community pasture in southern Alberta will leave ranching to join the army. The federal government on Oct. 19 listed the first 10 Saskatchewan community pastures to be transferred to the provincial government at the end of the 2013 grazing season in November next year, then to “patron-controlled” operation in 2014. Listed for transfer are the Excel, Keywest and Estevan-Cambria pastures in the Weyburn district; the Wolverine and McCraney pastures in the Watrous district; the Fairview and Newcombe pastures in the Rosetown district; the Park pasture (North Battleford district); Lone Tree pasture (Swift Current); and Ituna Bon Accord pasture (Foam Lake district). The initial list of 10 stems from the federal government’s plans, in its April 2012 budget, to divest all 87 of its community pasture sites (61 in Saskatchewan,

24 in Manitoba, two in Alberta) by 2018. The government also announced the community pasture on Canadian Forces Base Suffield, about 45 km northwest of Medicine Hat, Alta., will be closed in 2014. The Suffield pasture’s land then reverts back to the control of the Department of National Defence, “which will determine its future usage,” the government said. The pastures’ patrons will have the opportunity to own or lease the pastures, the province said in a separate release. The province added it will work with Farm Credit Canada “to develop workable financing options for patron groups interested in purchasing their pasture.” The province’s recommended principles for transfer call for each pasture to be maintained as a complete block. Any sales would be based on market value and any sale of native prairie land would be subject to no-break and no-drain conservation easements. “In addition, the federal Species At Risk Act is enforced on both privately and publicly owned land and will continue to be in effect on these pastures,” the province noted.

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December 4th & 5th, 2012 MeDicine HAt exHibition & StAMpeDe 2055 21 Ave. Se Medicine Hat, Alberta Guest Speakers & Presenters Include: Keynote/Banquet Speaker: Vik Maraj Keynote Speaker: Perry Miller Keynote Speaker: Mike Jubinville

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For further information visit: www.farmingsmarter.com

DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

Bee friendly — grow borage Antidepressant } Feeling blue about the high cost of canola inputs? Alleviate your symptoms with borage By Daniel Winters staff

orage has been prized for its curative powers since ancient times. In Roman times, the naturalist Pliny regarded it as an antidepressant, and a famous herbalist from the 16th century wrote that a syrup made from borage “comforteth the heart, purgeth melancholy, and quieteth the phrenticke or lunaticke person.” For Prairie farmers who may fit that description after last year’s disappointing canola crop, the plant with the pretty purplish-blue blossoms that honeybees adore may offer a lucrative alternative to canola in rotations following cereals.

“We like to offer guys a $50-or-more premium over canola to get guys to grow it.” Shane Falk

Borage, an oilseed used in nutraceuticals, can be grown across much of the Prairie region. Photo: submitted by Bioriginal Shane Falk, crop production manager of Saskatoon-based Bioriginal Food and Science, said that his company is looking to expand the company’s contracted acres for the oilseed to 10,000, up from 5,000 acres last year. “Instead of growing flax or canola, it’s another alternative with a little less costs in terms of fertilizer,” said Falk.

“It’s not that different. You just plant it, spray it, and combine it.” The company, which has been around since the early 1990s, extracts the gamma linoleic acid(GLA) containing oil at its own crushing facilities and markets it in capsule and cream form as an arthritis remedy. Stockpiles of the oil have dipped lately due to demand for the

product, and that has motivated Bioriginal to seek out more growers. Gross returns from the crop range from $300 to $600 per acre, with recent plot trials showing that the latest cultivars are capable of reaching further into the top end due to better seed retention. “With our new varieties we’ve been seeing average yields of 150

kg per acre, with upwards of 200 kg being grown,” he added. “Also with the price of fertilizer at its current values, you’re looking at about $25 per acre savings over canola as well with the decreased costs.” Seed costs are $35 per acre shipped to the contracted grower, with the price deducted from payment when the crop is picked up by the company in fall. A minimum of 80 acres is required under the terms, with no maximum. Falk, who visits each contracted field three times throughout the

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growing season, said that the final payment is based on the gamma linoleic acid content in the seed. This year, the company was paying $4 per kg for seed containing less than 20.39 per cent GLA, and $4.25 for 22 per cent or more. “The higher the GLA, the more it is worth to us. The majority of borage this year has been in the middle range but we have had a few growers with 22-plus GLA,” he said. “We like to offer guys a $50-ormore premium over canola to get guys to grow it.”

Agronomics

Although some contracted growers produce the crop under organic conditions even without being offered a premium, Falk recommends a pre-seed burn-down with glyphosate, followed by a second pass prior to emergence. Seed should be planted at halfinch to a full inch depth in moist but not wet soil at a rate of seven kg per acre. Fertilizer rates should not exceed 50 lbs./acre for nitrogen, and no more than 40 lbs./ acre of phosphate. Sulphur and potash rates are similar to those for canola. In crop, Poast can be used to whack grassy weeds, and Assert for broadleaf troublemakers. Honeybees are critical for best yield results, and at least one hive per acre distributed around the field is needed to ensure pollination success. Because the crop flowers for extended periods during the growing season, beekeepers are generally keen to help out in exchange for hives overflowing with highquality honey, he said. Borage should be swathed when the seeds turn black and 85-90 per cent of the plants are ashen grey in colour. To avoid seed damage, the crop should be harvested at 10 per cent moisture and then dried down via aeration. As with any crop, next-year volunteers may be present, but they typically can’t compete when the rotation returns to cereal production, he said.

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

ICE predicts interest Hedge fund accuses in wheat, durum Agrium of “misleading” and barley futures shareholders on breakup plan contracts will pick up JUMP  Shareholder says price could rise by nearly 50 per cent LIQUIDITY  So far there has been almost no trades in the contracts established for the end of the CWB monopoly BY DWAYNE KLASSEN

COMMODITY NEWS SERVICE CANADA

The head of ICE Canada is optimistic interest will pick up in the 10-month-old milling wheat, durum and barley futures contracts. Open interest in all three commodities is confined to the two nearby months and trading volumes have been very low. “There have been discussions held with a subsection of the group who helped create the milling wheat, durum and barley contracts in hopes of kick-starting the use of these risk-management tools,” said Brad Vannan, ICE Canada’s president and CEO. The review resulted in one change — a shift to a 13.5 per cent protein content from 12.5 per cent — “but collectively the group said it was still confident in the structure and as a result no other changes were made,” said Vannan, adding the hope is activity will pick up as people become more familiar with the advantages of futures contracts. But grain companies seem to have a “if it’s not broke, why fix it” mindset and are

content to use the U.S. markets for hedging, said Mike Jubinville, an analyst with ProFarmer Canada. Market participants want to see the commercials who helped design the contracts start using them regularly, said one trade source. More trading would boost interest, added Jubinville. “Once there is liquidity in these commodities, then the speculators will start to use the contracts,” he said. Give it time, said Vannan. “I would say that the wheat market is still in its infancy, and there is still a lot of discovery going on,” he said. “None of the grain companies are approaching the task in the same manner, with each having a different view on how to develop what is best for them.” Vannan said he is certain that a standard will eventually be developed and once a successful program is created others will likely institute a similar system. He wouldn’t speculate on how long ICE Canada will be patient with the contracts, but said delisting of a futures contract is not a decision that would be made lightly.

WHAT’S UP Send agriculture-related meeting and event announcements to: will.verboven@fbcpublishing.com December 3/5: Alberta Beef Producers 2012 AGM, Sheraton Cavalier, Calgary. Call: Rosanne 403-275-4400 December 5: Alberta Pulse Growers Zone 5, Seniors Hall 8:30 am, Viking. Call: Duane 403-483-5097 December 5/7: Alberta Barley Commission AGM, Banff Park Lodge, Banff. Call: Jenn 800-265-9111 December 11: Alberta Pulse Growers Zone 1, Taber Legion 9:00 am, Taber. Call: Duane 403-483-5097 December 11: Cow Calfenomics, Ag Exhibition Grounds 9:30 am, Lloydminster. Call: AGINFO 800-387-6030 December 11: Soil, Compost & Manure Mgt., Community Hall 9:00 am, Anselmo. Call: Torstein 780-727-4447

December 12: Cow Calfenomics, Heritage Inn 9:30 am, Brooks. Call: AGINFO 800-387-6030 December 12: Expand Local Food, Local Markets, Alliance Church 9:00 am, Viking. Call: Owen 780-632-8845 December 13: Cow Calfenomics, Community Centre 9:30 am, Nanton. Call: AGINFO 800-387-6030 December 13: Renewable Energy Workshop, Seniors Circle 10:00 am, Whitecourt. Call: Torstein 780-727-4447 December 14: Young Farmers Networking, Fish Creek Hall 7:00 pm, Valleyview. Call: PCBFA 780-835-6799 December 15: Young Farmers Networking, Triangle Hall 7:00 pm, High Prairie. Call: PCBFA 780-835-6799

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Fund wants Agrium to spin off its Crop Production Services retail division. REUTERS

edge fund Jana Partners LLC, the largest shareholder in Agrium Inc., is calling for the company to be more open to discussing ways to boost shareholder value. Jana, which has been pushing for a split of the Canadian fertilizer company’s wholesale and retail division, says Agrium’s responses to the issues it has raised have been “incomplete” and “misleading.” “Agrium has tried everything but making a compelling argument for the status quo,” said Jana managing partner Barry Rosenstein. “While the company may dispute narrow elements of our analysis, nothing they have said refutes the overall picture of undervaluation and underperformance.” Jana, which owns about four per

cent of the Calgary company, also wants Agrium to improve disclosure, reduce operating costs and working capital, and address some corporate costs. It says Agrium’s share price could rise by about $50, or nearly 50 per cent, if the company took steps to improve its business. Jana said Agrium has not given a substantive response, for example, to its key concern that the retail and wholesale businesses are a poor combination. Company spokesman Richard Downey countered that Agrium is confident a majority of shareholders see greater value with the company’s integrated strategy, and that it has met extensively with Jana about its ideas. “There are major flaws in Jana’s analysis and conclusions and, as a result, its ideas lack both merit and investor support,” said Downey.

“There is overwhelming support by shareholders and analysts for a continuation of Agrium’s highly successful strategy and structure”

“There is overwhelming support by shareholders and analysts for a continuation of Agrium’s highly successful strategy and structure.”

NEWS » Markets

DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

Final payments delayed

U.S. winter wheat ratings low

The final, final payment from the old Canadian Wheat Board won’t be made until at least January. Normally, final payments for the previous crop year are issued in December, but CWB chief operating officer Ward Weisensel said there are more accounting issues to make sure they are dealt with tied into the transition to the open market. “There will be a lot more oversight from the federal government in terms of this last payment,” he told a conference in Winnipeg. However, interim payments were issued on Nov. 21.

Ratings for the U.S. winter wheat crop fell to 33 per cent good to excellent, an all-time low for late November, due to dry conditions in the U.S. Plains, government data showed Nov. 26. A year ago, the winter wheat crop was rated 52 per cent good to excellent and the average of the previous five years is 54 per cent. In Kansas, the crop was 29 per cent good to excellent, and Nebraska wheat was 14 per cent good, zero per cent excellent. USDA was not expected to provide any more ratings for the wheat crop until April.

Oilseed market fundamentals take a back seat, for now Shipping } Low water on the Mississippi has forced barge operators

to load to only 75 per cent of capacity

By Phil Franz-Warkentin

CE Futures Canada’s canola futures consolidated within a very narrow range during the week ended Nov. 23, as the U.S. Thanksgiving holiday saw grains and oilseeds on both sides of the border take a little breather. It’s that time of year when actual canola-specific fundamental news is hard to come by, which means technical signals and outside markets will likely take precedence in dictating where values go heading into the new year. Canada’s smaller-than-expected canola crop has been priced into the futures for some time already, but will remain a supportive factor — especially if farmers remain reluctant sellers of what’s available. On the other side, predictions of record-large soybean crops in South America are definitely a bearish factor overhanging the oilseed markets. Global economic uncertainty, and the potential for a speculative sell-off in the financial markets, is also something percolating in the background. The Canadian dollar strengthened by about a cent relative to its U.S. counterpart during the week. While the January

canola contract was down 80 cents on the week in Canadian dollars, when calculating that in (the now-cheaper) U.S. dollars, the contract actually improved by US$5 per tonne. The lightly traded grain contracts in Winnipeg did see a little bit of price movement during the week, with wheat moving down and durum holding relatively steady. Volumes are still far from being considered liquid. In the U.S., trade was subdued during the week as traders there turned their attention to turkey, football and Black Friday deals on flat-screen TVs. Soybeans, corn and wheat were all higher, with improving export demand for all three commodities, bullish technical signals, and the weaker U.S. dollar behind some of that strength. The lack of liquidity due to the Thanksgiving holiday exaggerated the price move during the week. South American weather conditions will be a major factor moving U.S. corn and soybean futures heading into 2013. Early indications call for bumper crops in the continent, which would reduce the demand for North American grains and oilseeds. However, supply/ demand balance sheets are tight, which will mean any weather problems over the

course of the growing season should be supportive.

Drought concerns

Worsening drought issues across the U.S. grain-growing region remain a factor to watch in the grain and oilseed markets as well. More than 60 per cent of the continental U.S. is now considered to be in some state of drought, with the most severe dryness found right in the heart of the Great Plains, according to updates from the U.S. Drought Monitor, which tracks moisture conditions across the country. That dryness is already causing concerns over the state of the U.S. winter wheat crop, and will pose problems for soybeans and corn next year if the situation doesn’t improve over the winter. Aside from production issues, the drought is also raising concerns over grain movement in the U.S. The Mississippi River is the main transportation link moving grain from the Midwest down to export positions on the Gulf of Mexico. The river is now at historic lows, and extended forecasts are not looking promising. The northern reaches of the river freeze over the winter months, but grain usually continues to move as you move south.

The big issue at present is a 200-mile stretch of river from St. Louis, Missouri to Cairo, Illinois, where levels are getting dangerously low for barge traffic. Barges are already loading at 75 per cent of normal, but the seasonal reduction of water flow from the Missouri River (which joins the Mississippi at St. Louis) may cause levels to drop too far to allow any movement at all. That bottleneck on the river has a mixed effect on the grain markets. On the one hand, prices should conceivably go up if end-users are forced to move grain to export positions by truck or rail instead. The potential for a closure of the Mississippi has already been cited as a supportive price influence in the cash market, with some buyers looking to secure supplies while they can. However, the longer-term impact could be more bearish. If exports are hampered by issues along the river, that will cause ending stocks to grow — which would alleviate the concerns over tightening U.S. supplies. Phil Franz-Warkentin writes for Commodity News Service Canada, a Winnipeg company specializing in grain and commodity market reporting.

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

U.S. government, health groups sound alarm on antibiotics OVERUSE  The U.S. Centers for Disease Control wants restrictions on antibiotics use in food animals BY JULIE STEENHUYSEN REUTERS

he U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and a coalition of 25 health-care organizations are joining forces to fight the overuse of antibiotics in people and livestock in a bid to curb the rise of drug-resistant “superbugs.” Without action, patients could soon face a time when antibiotics are powerless to treat many of the most common infections, said CDC experts and the Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy, a public health research group. “How we use and protect these precious drugs must fundamentally change,” Dr. Arjun Srinivasan, associate director for healthcare-associated infection prevention programs at the CDC, said in a conference call with reporters on Nov. 13. Dr. David Relman, president of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, which is part of the effort, said doctors are already seeing patients with bacterial infections resistant to “every antibiotic we have left.” “It will take all of us — consumers, health-care providers, researchers, policy-makers, industry, and others — to tackle this problem,” he said. A statement signed by organizations ranging from the American Academy of Pediatrics to Consumer’s Union, an advocacy group, stressed the need for policies that conserve and protect antibiotics, ensuring that patients get the right antibiotics at the right time, and for the right amount of time. They also called for curbs on the use of antibiotics in food animals, recommending their use by veterinarians only when they are needed to ensure the animal’s health.

“It will take all of us — consumers, health-care providers, researchers, policy-makers, industry, and others — to tackle this problem.” DR. DAVID RELMAN

No prescription

Food producers do not have to consult veterinarians because common antibiotics have long been available to farmers without a prescription. The position on antibiotic use in food animals echoes efforts by U.S. regulators urging food producers to stop using antibiotics in livestock for non-medical uses. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration in April said antibiotics should only be used under the supervision of a veterinarian to prevent or treat illnesses in animals, and has asked companies to start phasing out their use for purposes such as promoting

growth, a process that could take three years. The move to limit the drugs could affect large meat producers like Tyson Foods Inc., Cargill Inc. and Hormel Foods Corp. Gail Hansen, a public health veterinarian for the Pew Charitable Trusts, said the amount of antibiotics used in the United States for food animals far outstrips the amount used for people. Some 30 million pounds of antibiotics are sold each year for animals, compared to seven million pounds for humans, she said. Srinivasan of the CDC said the problem cannot be addressed simply by curbing antibiotic use in food animals. “This is a joint problem,” he said.

A demonstrator feeds mock antibiotics to chicken puppets during a protest denouncing industrial livestock farming and current agricultural policies in Berlin, earlier this year. U.S. government and health experts agree livestock industry practices must change. PHOTO: REUTERS/THOMAS PETER

DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

Trade expert calls supply management “awful, awful” policy PHASED OUT  Former trade negotiator says large farms will eventually want to export BY ALLAN DAWSON STAFF / WINNIPEG

upply management is bad public policy but won’t end until Canadian consumers demand it, says a professor of trade policy at Carleton University. “It seems to be one of the few areas where the consumer seems to be prepared to accept the status quo,” Michael Hart said at the recent Fields on Wheels conference here. The trade expert, one of the architects of the Canada-U.S. free trade deal, predicted supply management will endure “until the minister of agriculture starts getting letters from consumers saying, ‘What the hell are you doing with a 238 per cent tariff

(on imported French cheese) in a global economy?’” But with global demand for protein growing, Canada is missing out on a golden opportunity, said Hart, citing the example of New Zealand and Australia, which abandoned supply management about 20 years ago and now are large dairy exporters to India and China. Defenders of the system say matching dairy and poultry production to demand provides consumers with reasonably priced, safe food while ensuring farmers make a decent living. Officially, the federal government supports that view, but it really doesn’t, said Hart. “I’ve talked to a lot of cabinet ministers and if I get them one on one they agree it’s a real dumb idea,” he said. “But if they smell

Critic cites a 238 per cent tariff on French cheese imports, but Dairy Farmers of Canada says that’s only after thousands of pounds enter under a one per cent tariff. PHOTO: THINKSTOCK press around them, (then) it’s wonderful. Well, that’s because they’ve not heard from you (the public).” The sensible option would be to phase out supply management,

Hart argued, saying that’s becoming easier each year because of the declining number of dairy farmers. There are around 12,500 now compared to 50,000 in 1977 when supply management was imple-

Behind every great yield is a series of great choices.

“I’ve talked to a lot of cabinet ministers and if I get them one on one they agree it’s a real dumb idea, but if they smell press around them, it’s wonderful.” MICHAEL HART

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mented, said Hart, who predicted that number will eventually fall by a further 50 per cent. “But by the time we get to that we will no longer have the mom-andpop kind of farms that are in the advertising campaigns,” Hart said. “They’ll all be large, corporate farms and the large, corporate farms will need more outlets than the local dairy and they too will say, ‘This is dumb.’ So over the next 10 to 15 years we should see a transition out of this awful, awful policy decision made in the ‘70s to a more open system.” But killing supply management won’t mean lower prices, said a spokeswoman for the Dairy Farmers of Canada.

UFA.com

“We saw that with BSE in Canada,” said Therese Beaulieu. “Beef prices dipped a bit at retail and then went back up (even though farm gate cattle prices plunged). That’s what happened in the U.K. when its dairy sector deregulated its supply management system.” She also challenged Hart’s critique of how the system works, saying, for example, that the 238 per cent tariff on imported French cheese doesn’t apply until thousands of pounds enter the country under a one per cent tariff. Many countries use tariff rate quotas to regulate dairy and other imports, said Beaulieu, adding Canada has one on beef. According to the Dairy Farmers’ website, Canada imports six per cent of its dairy products while the U.S. only imports 2.75 per cent. The website also says the ultimate price for milk isn’t much different between the two countries because the U.S. government provides an additional 31 cents a litre in subsidies. The U.S. dairy industry also has a long history of boom and bust, and many large American dairy farms are going out of business right now because of high grain prices caused by this year’s drought, Beaulieu said. “It’s not unlike what’s happening with the pork sector here,” she said.

NEW REGION 6 CANOLA PRODUCER DIRECTOR Sitting Alberta Canola Producer Commission (ACPC) directors Ray Blanchette (Falher, Region 3), Lee Markert (Vulcan, Region 9), and Marlene Caskey (Oyen, Region 12) were elected to a second term by acclamation Oct. 31, 2012. Renn Breitkreuz of Onoway was elected by acclamation as the new director for Region 6 as director Jody Klassen of Mayerthorpe has reached the ACPC two-term limit. Breitkreuz will begin to serve as director for Region 6 immediately following the ACPC annual general meeting Jan. 29.

Packing down your fields causes a host of production problems TILTH TROUBLES  When roots have trouble penetrating soil, growth is restricted, yields drop and crops are more susceptible to disease

Roundup Ready ® is a registered trademark used under license from Monsanto Company. All purchases are subject to the terms of labelling and purchase documents. The DuPont Oval Logo is a registered trademark of DuPont. ®, TM, SM Trademarks and service marks licensed to Pioneer Hi-Bred Limited. © 2012 PHL.

ACPC ELECTIONS

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

BY ALEXIS KIENLEN AF STAFF / EDMONTON

f you don’t want your fields to turn into parking lots, then build up organic matter and stop destroying soil structure with excess tillage. Those were key points in the message that Jodi Dejong-Hughes, regional extension educator with the University of Minnesota, delivered at the recent Advanced Agronomy Conference. Good soil is about 50 per cent air — that is, 50 per cent of its volume consists of pore space, which not only allows air and water in but helps plants grow. “This also creates more spaces for roots to grow through,” said Dejong-Hughes. “They love the path of least resistance and they will always take it.” Lose those pore spaces and plants struggle to put down roots resulting in slower growth and greater disease susceptibility. “Your No. 1 defence against soil compaction is soil structure,” Dejong-Hughes said. “Tillage destroys the structure. The deeper you bring your till, the deeper the compaction has the potential to go.” If tilling is necessary, the most non-invasive shank should be used. And, if possible, stay off wet fields — although Dejong-Hughes admitted that’s often not easy. “Mother Nature’s cruellest joke is that the best time to compact a soil is at field capacity,” she said. “What’s field capacity? That’s when

Perennial legumes, especially alfalfa, have long roots that can help break up compacted soil. PHOTO: KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY you get back into a field after about three days’ rain. That’s the worst time to compact your soil.” However, you can lessen the damage by altering tillage depth, she said. “If you don’t have a lot of residue, keep it shallow. If you have more, you can go a little deeper,” she said. “If it’s a wet year, stay off or stay shallow. If it’s a dry year, you can go a little deeper.” Ponded water and surface crusting are signs of compaction. Some parts of the field may be worse, partly because some equipment, such as combines, become heavier as they travel across the field.

Frost doesn’t help

Contrary to popular belief, the freeze/thaw cycle doesn’t reduce compaction, she said. While freezing and thawing can break up com-

pacted clods in the top layer of soil, it doesn’t affect deeper layers. However, wet/dry cycles do a lot for the soil. When high-clay soils dry and crack, topsoil falls down into the holes and closes back up when it gets wet. “That actually does a lot of tillage,” said Dejong-Hughes. Compaction can be worse in soils with higher clay content, but sandy soils can compact as well. Reducing axle loads lessens compaction as does proper tire pressure. “The lower tire pressure you can get, the better,” she said. Properly inflated tires have a much smaller footprint than overinflated ones, which cause more compaction than even tracks. Maintaining a good crop rotation can reduce compaction and help increase organic matter.

No. 1 tip to avoid compaction: stay off wet soil, says Jodi Dejong-Hughes of the University of Minnesota. PHOTO: ALEXIS KIENLEN

“As you increase your organic matter, you increase your aggregates and make more columns in your soil,” Dejong-Hughes said. “When you do that, it has more strength when it gets wet. “The more organic matter you have the better, as it acts as a sponge. It may deform when the equipment goes over, but it will go back up after the equipment gets off.” Legumes, especially alfalfa, can help break up compaction. Alfalfa has a really strong taproot and stays in the soil for several years. Grasses can also help develop aggregates, break down compaction and help soil structure. Sweet clover grows deep into the soil and creates channels where roots can go. “We’re also learning more and more about how important microbes are,” she said.

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DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

Producers main beneficiary of wheat and barley variety research

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The return on investment for wheat is 36 per cent and for barley 28 per cent

A setting sun tries to add warmth to a cold evening as a blanketed horse grazes in pastures west of High River, Alta.

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WGRF has funded more than 110 new wheat and barley varieties over the past 15 years. WGRF RELEASE

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recent return-on-investment study commissioned by the Western Grains Research Foundation (WGRF) has estimated that investment in wheat and barley varietal research is providing producers with a very high return. This study calculates that on average every producer checkoff dollar invested into wheat varietal research has returned $20.40 in value to the producer. Barley varietal research saw a return of over $7.56 for each producer dollar invested. The value is realized when new wheat and barley varieties are released and adopted by producers in Western Canada. For example, new WGRF-supported varieties like Carberry, Muchmore, CDC Verona and all of the midgetolerant wheats are higher yielding with improved disease and pest resistance. Through WGRF, farmers have assisted in the development and release of more than 110 new wheat and barley varieties over the past decade and a half, many of which are today seeded to large portions of the cropland in Western Canada. “The WGRF investment in variety development has earned a very high return for producers,” says Dave Sefton, WGRF board chair. “The return on investment of 36 per cent on wheat variety development and 28 per cent on barley variety development demonstrates that investing in research continues to be an excellent way for producers to improve their returns. “WGRF invests over $6 million of producers’ dollars annually into breeding and crop research. As a regional organization WGRF brings the research spending power of all farmers in Western Canada together, maximizing the returns they see in crop research,” says Sefton. “The popularity of WGRF-supported varieties and these high rates of returns show that producers have benefited substantially from their checkoffs and would benefit from increased investment in varietal research,” said Garth Patterson, WGRF executive director. A full copy of the study can be found by visiting the WGRF website www.westerngrains.com.

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

New technology with old herbicides — the pros and cons DRIFT  Purdue scientists release discussion paper on 2,4-D and dicamba plus glyphosate combos STAFF

group of seven extension staff from Ohio’s Purdue University has issued a publication on the pros and cons of 2,4-D- and dicamba-tolerant crops. Two companies are set to introduce these products in combination with glyphosate as a means of controlling weeds that have become resistant to glyphosate alone. Opponents say that widespread use of these older and drift-prone broadleaf products will put neighbouring crops, especially vegetables, at risk. Dow AgroSciences has developed its Enlist seed system for corn, soy and cotton, along with Enlist Duo herbicide that contains glyphosate and choline, a new formulation of 2,4-D which is said provides ultra-low volatility, minimized potential for drift, lower odour, and better handling characteristics than other 2,4-D amine or ester formulations. The Dow system is also resistant to glufosinate. Monsanto is developing the Roundup Ready Plus Extend system combining glyphosate and dicamba. Monsanto is collaborating with BASF to address dicamba’s potential to injure off-target vegetation through drift or volatilization. They plan to make stewardship conditions part of the product label, including using spraying technologies that produce very coarse to ultracoarse droplets, spraying only when wind speeds are less than 10 m.p.h. or when conditions are favourable for temperature inversions, and requiring buffer zones. The researchers note that concerns about drift from 2,4-D and dicamba are not new. “Both herbicides have been used post-emergence for more than 40 years (dicamba) and 60 years (2,4D) in many different crops and are still widely used today.” However, they say that adoption of these systems would mean the acreage sprayed with 2,4-D and dicamba would increase to encompass the majority of agronomic acres in the United States. “Since much of this acreage could be sprayed two or three times each growing season, some argue that it greatly increases the potential for off-site movement — even if most applications occur under the best of conditions — and for weeds to develop resistance to 2,4-D or dicamba.” The researchers say drift concerns are being addressed by both companies through the development of newer, lowervolatility formulations. “However, a concern is that low-cost, generic formulations of both 2,4-D and dicamba are still readily available and growers may turn to these options if

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economics favour a lower application cost.” In their summary, the researchers say the new technologies “can help maintain near-term productivity in our efficient, simplified monoculture systems of commodity crops. “However, we must not become overly reliant on this technology as the only solution to manage weeds and maintain high crop productivity. A diversified approach to weed management must not be lost. The most durable and productive weed management system must integrate many tools, including genetic, cultural, non-chemical, and chemical methods.” The full report is available at https://mdc.itap.purdue.edu. Search for ID-453-W.

Suspected phenoxy herbicide damage on a pear tree. Some horticultural growers fear increased use of 2,4-D and dicamba will put their crops at risk from spray drift.

Grounded in AlbertA AGriculture. Penn West Exploration is an integral part of the communities in which we operate. Like Alberta’s farmers and ranchers, Penn West Exploration understands the meaning of “grassroots.” We’re a Canadian company who spends a lot of time in rural Alberta. We see agriculture at work and take part in the industry through our own work in and around rural communities. Penn West believes that support for this vibrant economic sector can truly help farmers and ranchers improve their operations. That’s why initiatives like Ag for Life are important means of both improving farm safety and promoting the role and importance of agriculture for all Albertans. Penn West Exploration is a founding partner of Ag for Life, a program that delivers educational programming to improve rural and farm safety. Ag for Life also builds a genuine understanding and appreciation of the impact agriculture has on the lives of all Albertans. To learn more about Ag for Life, go to agricultureforlife.ca. Visit Penn West at pennwest.com.

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DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

Producers urged to develop a disaster plan to protect themselves and their farm PLAN AHEAD  Brad Andres says there is a host of simple things that can be invaluable when disaster strikes BY ALEXIS KIENLEN AF STAFF / EDMONTON

aking a few minutes today might prove to be your best protection from a disaster in the future. “If you plan ahead, your reaction is much better, and you jump right into the things you planned already,” said Brad Andres, emergency program manager with Alberta Agriculture. Many emergencies, such as flooding in 2010 and 2011 and the Slave Lake fires of 2011, are weather driven — and farmers are used to dealing with such events, he said.

“It’s not like these are new events, but the events seem to be happening quicker, so there’s less warning and less preparation time,” he said. Plans should be created as a family, and everyone should know locations of emergency kits and important documents. On livestock operations, this includes up-to-date vaccination records, which will be needed if livestock is evacuated and mixed with other animals. The first step in an emergency plan is assessing surroundings and potential risks associated with location. “Every farm is different,” said Andres. “They’re on low ground

or high ground, or they’re close to the highway or railroad tracks, or they’re just out in the middle of nowhere and their relative risk level is fairly low because there isn’t a lot around them.” Having a backup power source is key, especially for ventilating or heating poultry and hog barns, and simple brush clearing can significantly reduce the risk of fire in a farmyard — as can locating fuel tanks in appropriate locations. “A lot of things that we talk about in farm environmental plans and farm safety plans apply in the context of bigger emergencies,” Andres said. The Alberta Agriculture Emergency Program and several com-

Brad Andres, emergency program manager with Alberta Agriculture, says producers should also have an emergency kit, and a stock of food and water for themselves and their animals. PHOTO: ALEXIS KIENLEN modity groups have created a brochure to help producers create an emergency plan. It’s called “Get Prepared” and is available from Alberta Agriculture. Once the emergency plan is created, producers should take action to reduce risk. “For example, if I’m worried about fire and I need to get my animals out quickly, I might need

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to change the way my gates work,” said Andres. Producers should also have an emergency kit, and a stock of food and water for themselves and their animals. Producers and municipalities might want to consider a plan for evacuating animals, which will include where they can be relocated. Some municipalities, such as Ponoka County, take animals to the stampede grounds in case of highway accidents or emergency. Producers need to consider how animals can get water if they have to evacuate or if the power goes out, and have trailers accessible and ready to go. When an emergency happens, common sense is the rule. “Your plan is not gospel and the emergency may not present itself the way you thought,” said Andres. “Do what makes sense and use the plan as your background information.” If an evacuation occurs, document and take photographs of all damages upon your return and then contact your insurer. “Start to document because insurance or government assistance will need to assess the damages,” Andres said. “Farmers are notorious for fixing things right away, which is a good thing, but there needs to be proof if there’s an opportunity to get costs back.” If losses are not covered, producers will need to provide the rejection letter from their insurance company to access government assistance. Producers should also contact their municipality, which often can connect them with aid agencies or psychological counsellors. “Don’t be afraid to ask for help, even if it’s just someone to sit down and have coffee with,” said Andres. If producers aren’t willing to take the time to make a complete emergency plan, they should at least consider their biggest risk, said Andres. “That lowers your overall chances of something bad happening.”

“Farmers are notorious for fixing things right away, which is a good thing, but there needs to be proof if there’s an opportunity to get costs back.”

BRAD ANDRES

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

Jet takes flight on 100 per cent biofuel Tests } Second jet followed to evaluate emissions Staff

he National Research Council of Canada (NRC) says it achieved a major milestone for the aviation industry Oct. 29 as it flew the first civil jet powered by 100 per cent unblended biofuel. Other aircraft have been flown with biofuel blends but this is thought to be the first only on biofuel. “This historic flight symbolizes a significant step not only for the aerospace industry, but also towards advancing sustainable sources of renewable energy,” the NRC said in a release. “Today, I flew the world’s first 100 per cent biofuel flight,” said Tim Leslie, one of NRC’s pilots. “We have been working hard with our partners for many months, and it is most rewarding to see

it all come together. It is truly inspiring to take this step towards an eco-friendly future.” The biofuel flowed into the engine of the Falcon 20 — one of NRC’s specifically equipped and best-suited jet for this challenge — as it flew over the sky of Canada’s capital. A second aircraft, the T-33, tailed the Falcon in flight and collected valuable information on the emissions generated by the biofuel. Research experts at the National Research Council will analyze this information to better understand the environmental impact of biofuel. Preliminary results are expected to be released in the following weeks. The biofuel used for this flight was transformed by Applied Research Associates and Chevron Lummus Global using oilseed crops commercialized by Agrisoma Bioscience Inc. The oilseed

is Brassica carinata, a new oilseed in the mustard family grown under closed-loop contracts in Saskatchewan last summer. This aviation initiative is funded by the Government of Canada’s Clean Transportation Initiatives and the Green Aviation Research and Development Network.

“This historic flight symbolizes a significant step not only for the aerospace industry…”

NRC

An NRC Falcon 20 like this one flew with biofuel from carinata.

High-protein wheat short in Australia Options } Traditional Asian buyers may look to North America for supplies

By Colin Packham sydney / reuters

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Introducing 74-44 BL with enhanced blackleg resistance and high yield potential. 74-44 BL YIELD*

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Wheat gathered across the Australian east coast continues to show lower-thanaverage protein levels, traders said, while wet weather is slowing the harvest there, stoking concerns of a global shortage. The harvest in New South Wales and Queensland, the states that produce top-quality hard wheat, contains less protein than usual, traders and farmers said, compounding expectations for lower national output. “Wheat harvested is still down on historical averages (for protein content),” said Tom Howard, general manager at marketer Philp Brodie Grains. The development comes as the outlook for global wheat supply has been shaken by fears of export curbs by Russia and Ukraine, along with expectations of smaller crops in key producer Argentina. Analysts and traders have cut their estimate for Australia’s 2012-13 wheat output to 20.47 million tonnes and reckon exports could shrink to a three-year low, a Reuters poll showed Nov. 8, as unfriendly crop weather dents yields. Asia’s top buyers, who rely on Australia for the bulk of their milling wheat supplies, may be forced to import larger volumes of high-protein spring wheat from the United States and Canada, supporting global prices.

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*Source: 2011-2012 Monsanto Field Scale Trials as of October 3, 2012. **Source: 2010-2011 Monsanto Field Scale Trails. Individual results may vary, and performance may vary from location to location and from year to year. This result may not be an indicator of results you may obtain as local growing, soil and weather conditions may vary. Growers should evaluate data from multiple locations and years whenever possible. Always follow grain marketing and all other stewardship practices and pesticide label directions. Details of these requirements can be found in the Trait Stewardship Responsibilities Notice to Farmers printed in this publication. DEKALB® and Design and DEKALB® are registered trademarks of Monsanto Technology LLC. Monsanto Canada Inc. licensee. ©2012 Monsanto Company.

DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

Syngenta to enter Prairie canola seed market Beyond chemicals } Swiss company is already active in the European oilseed rape market staff

yngenta plans to broaden its canola portfolio beyond chemicals and launch its own new canola seed varieties on the Prairies starting next fall. “This is an exceptional time to be in the canola seed market, given the extent of breeding and varietal development activities going on across the country,” Dave Sippell, Syngenta’s head of diverse field crops for North America, said in a release Oct. 25. Syngenta Canada’s first entry in the canola seed market will be SY4135, for which it says commercial quantities will be available in the fall of 2013 to seed in 2014. The company noted its glyphosate-based Touchdown Total herbicide can be used on SY4135. “Based on grower and market needs, Syngenta will continue to increase its number of canola seed offerings over the coming years,” the company said. “Future varieties will also be

developed using leading technologies growers desire, offering strong yield and optimal weed control. Efforts in 2013 will focus on strategic trialling of new canola varieties at the field level with commercial growers.” Syngenta’s canola portfolio in the West already features crop protection and pesticide products such as its Helix Vibrance seed treatment, Astound fungicide and Matador insecticide. Syngenta Canada said it will rely on the “experience and expertise gained from these products” as well as its previous work overseas, where the parent company already markets a number of “canolaquality oilseed rape varieties.” Its experience, the company said, “facilitates the delivery of a new seed portfolio for western Canadian growers.” “Our approach is to take advantage of the best that these (breeding) activities have to offer — allowing us to collaborate with a variety of canola providers and breeders to select the germplasm and traits that will deliver the greatest benefit

to growers, and commercialize the resulting varieties,” Sippell said.

Wheat

The company has previously sold wheat seed on the Prairies in a distribution deal with Viterra’s Proven Seed, but Syngenta Seeds’ own branded seed business in Canada has so far been limited to its corn, soybean and sunflower varieties. The first Syngenta-branded wheat for the Prairie cereals market was its herbicide-tolerant Canada Western red spring (CWRS) wheat variety, WR859 CL, sold through Richardson International starting in 2010. Syngenta added to its Prairie wheat portfolio earlier this month with the launch of SY985, a Canada Prairie spring red (CPSR) variety approved for the Saskatchewan, Alberta and Manitoba markets. Where CPSR varieties were originally developed for industrial uses such as the ethanol and feed markets, Syngenta said Oct. 5, SY985 marked the launch of a CPSR with milling wheat grain quality.

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Commercial quantities of Syngenta’s first variety will be available next fall.

NEWS DuPont opens new office in Saskatoon DuPont has opened a 6,600-square-foot office in Saskatoon. It will complement the Crop Protection agriculture experimental farm at Hanley, Saskatchewan, and the DuPont Pioneer research centre in Saskatoon. The office will also be used by other DuPont businesses. “This office serves as the base for our Western Canada commercial unit and enables us to deliver even more focused and defined market approaches, including agronomic support and services to help increase farmer productivity and profitability,” Ian Grant, president of DuPont Pioneer in Canada said in a release. “With the opening of the new office, DuPont Crop Protection is strengthening our presence and commitment to Western Canada, especially at a time when we are introducing exciting new crop protection technology to help farmers make the most of every acre and contribute to the quality, quantity and sustainability of the world’s food supply,” said Priscila Vansetti, DuPont Canada’s director of Crop Protection.

BayerCropScience.ca/InVigor or 1 888-283-6847 or contact your Bayer CropScience representative. Always read and follow label directions. InVigor® is a registered trademark of the Bayer Group. Bayer CropScience is a member of CropLife Canada.

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Albertafarmexpress.ca • December 3, 2012

Egypt to boost wheat storage, crack down on smuggling of subsidized wheat Costly } Policy encourages smuggling of wheat to neighbouring countries sharm el-sheikh egypt / reuters

gypt wants to double the capacity of its wheat silos in the next three or four years and is considering changing a bread-subsidy mechanism to prevent smuggling or illegal trade in subsidized grain. Egypt’s new government has been looking at ways to better target subsidies and reduce waste as it seeks to plug a ballooning budget deficit. However, while the government is seeking to cut back on at least some energy subsidies, there is no talk of cutting supplies of subsidized bread, a politically sensitive issue, even if the mechanism for keeping loaves cheap could be changed.

Egypt now has 25 wheat silos each with capacity for 30,000 tonnes and aims to double that number, said Nomani Nomani, vice-chairman of the General Authority for Supply Commodities. “We are... concerned with storage especially as local wheat supplies increased this year,” he said. Egypt, the world’s biggest wheat importer, bought 3.7 million tonnes of wheat from local farmers this year, Nomani said. He also said the authorities were considering changing how the subsidy was applied to halt smuggling of wheat from Egypt to neighbours like Sudan and Libya, or leakage of subsidized wheat on to the local market where illegal traders pocketed the difference in price. Many Egyptians depend on the subsidized saucer-sized flat

“We are... concerned with storage especially as local wheat supplies increased this year.”

loaves selling for just five piastres (less than one cent). Nomani said that instead of selling subsidized wheat, the subsidy would be applied at the final stage of the process when it was sold as loaves, which would curb smuggling.

The Egyptian government subsidizes the price of wheat to less than a cent a loaf. PHOTo: thinkstock

DDGS on sale, but buyers wary by phil franz-warkentin commodity news service canada

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Prices for DDGS — dried distillers grains (with solubles) — have come down significantly over the past few weeks, but are still too high when compared to other feed options. “Prices are dropping, but they haven’t dropped significantly enough to attract Canadian buyers,” said Ryan Slozka, senior commodity trader with Rycom Trading, a major importer of DDGS from the U.S. ethanol industry. DDGS delivered into Lethbridge is currently priced at about $325 per tonne, he said. That’s a $20 drop from a few weeks ago, but still above barley at $280 per tonne. Although DDGS typically commands a 20 per cent premium over barley, livestock feeders are currently sitting on full bins of barley purchased at $260 per tonne. As a result, Slozka predicted feeders would let their barley supplies draw down before pulling in more DDGS. “If you think barley will go up in January/February/March, you should buy your DDGS now,” said Slozka. However, most end-users are still buying on a hand-to-mouth basis and are reluctant to do much forward pricing. While the ethanol plants are desperate to make some nearby sales now, they are also not interested in booking losses into the future. With both the buyers and sellers reluctant to make a move in the current market, time will tell how much DDGS makes its way into Canada this year. “I’m optimistic that there will be DDGS coming back into Canada at some time,” said Slozka, adding that livestock feeders will need to pick their opportunities going forward. Manitoba livestock feeders have been strong buyers of American DDGS in the past, but an abundant corn crop is proving a better alternative this year, he said.

DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

Owners need to keep their dogs healthy on the inside

heads up rodents

Transmissible }

Roundworms can be passed to other dogs as well as to humans by alexis kienlen af staff / ponoka

A great grey owl, the largest of North American owls, perches on a fence post near Bragg Creek, Alta. The great grey is recognizable by its distinctive facial discs and yellow eyes. It also has no ear tufts. They are often seen along roadway ditches, scouting for rodents. Photo: Wendy Dudley

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wners should routinely give medication to prevent worms in their dogs, says Lynne Copeland, a Red Deerbased dog veterinarian who specializes in herding, working and guardian dogs. Roundworms are the most common kind of internal parasite found in dogs in Alberta, although hookworms and whipworms also exist in the province. Roundworms live and lay eggs in the intestine, which are expelled in feces. “Typically the dog will ingest the eggs by walking through contaminated soil and licking its feet,” said Copeland. Pregnant dogs which are infected will pass the worms to their unborn pups. People, especially children, can also become infested with canine roundworms, she said. Puppies exhibit the strongest symptoms of worm infestation, including a poor hair coat, a potbelly, failure to gain weight, and vomiting, diarrhea or anemia. Adult dogs have to have a high number of worms before symptoms become apparent, but worms do affect the performance of a dog. All dogs, especially breeding dogs, should be dewormed regularly, preferably monthly, said Copeland. Tapeworms are most commonly seen in guard dogs, and one species found in Alberta can infect both humans and dogs and has the potential to be fatal. Typically, infection involves an intermediate host, such as rabbits, mice and gophers, although one species can be transmitted through fleas. Small segments of tapeworm, found either on the dog’s rear or in its bedding, is a sign of tapeworms. Tapeworms can be killed with a prescriptive dewormer provided by a veterinarian. “They’re not that expensive and you don’t need to do it that often,” said Copeland.

stops Sclerotinia spores from germinating and fungal threads from growing. That frees your canola to do what it should: yield more.

Visit SyngentaFarm.ca or contact our Customer Resource Centre at 1-87-SYNGENTA (1-877-964-3682). Always read and follow label directions. Astound®, the Alliance Frame, the Purpose Icon and the Syngenta logo are trademarks of a Syngenta Group Company. © 2012 Syngenta.

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Owners should routinely give medication to prevent worms in their dogs, says vet Lynne Copeland. 12-11-20 5:00 PM

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

Is it really necessary to blanket your horse? Unnecessary } At times blanketing or “overblanketing” may even be detrimental By carol shwetz, dvm

growing horse-keeping trend is to blanket horses throughout the winter. Most often the decision to blanket a horse is the result of an emotional response by a well-intentioned owner. It has also become acceptable to blanket due to certain lifestyles chosen for horses. However, it is important to recognize that in general the practice of blanketing horses is not necessary and at times blanketing or “overblanketing” may even be detrimental. When good horse-keeping practices are implemented the need to blanket becomes a rare exception. The hair coat changing with the seasons is an obvious adaptation of the horse to its external climate. Not so obvious are the many smaller dynamic processes which occur within the skin and hair coat to maintain core temperature. These processes allow the hair coat to be dynamically engaged with the external environment, constantly adjusting and readjusting to maintain the horse’s comfort. As cooler fall weather arrives the horse metabolism adjusts incrementally by storing a layer of fatty tissue under the skin. This fatty layer acts as insulation, preparing the horse for the upcoming colder months. As a result horses in moderate to good body condition are well suited for winter conditions.

inadequate or when horses are older, ill or compromised. Wind or wet weather can tax the coat’s ability to do its job, so sheds, wind fences, and/or wooded areas are necessary to provide adequate shelter. Horses will move in and out of shelters as they choose, maintaining their own comfort.

Proper fit

When a horse is blanketed, the nature of its hair coat changes. As a result it will begin to appear as if the horse “needs” to continue to be blanketed. In part this is correct for, over time, blanketing disables the horse’s own natural abilities to stay warm. Styles and shapes of horse blankets vary as much as styles and shapes of horses do so ill-fitting blankets are not uncommon. Ill-

fitted blankets do not allow the neck, shoulders, and withers to move freely. This interference with movement causes the horse to compensate by shortening their stride and tightening their back. These changes can and do carry over into posture, carriage, and performance problems. If one does choose to blanket, the horse needs supervision to ensure that fluxes to warmer daytime temperatures do not leave the horse uncomfortably warm, sweating or with colic. The horse’s own hair coat must remain dry and warm under the blanket. Additionally skin problems develop readily in the moist, warm environment created by “overblanketed” horses. Carol Shwetz is a veterinarian specializing in equine practice at Westlock, Alberta.

Horses maintain their internal warmth through movement and heat of digestion.

“In most cases, the horse’s hair coat and other processes adapt to the cold.”

Proper nutrition

Horses need access to free-choice quality forage, whether in the form of well-stocked winter pastures or hay, to keep warm. As temperatures drop, a horse offsets its need for warmth best by consuming more forage. Fermentation of fibre in the hind gut generates large amounts of heat which are returned to the horse. Although grains can be a source of energy, they provide marginal returns of heat to the horse. Older horses in particular may need extra nutritional support. Ensure that water is readily available for it is crucial in supporting healthy digestion. Dental health is key to good digestion as well. Factors which support digestion indirectly strengthen the horse’s ability to internally warm itself. Sufficient movement plays a significant role in a naturally healthy horse, especially in the winter when extra movement is needed to produce body heat. Horses provided with suitable spaces or those horses pawing on winter pastures move constantly, generating muscular heat and warming themselves. For this reason, horses with limited movement generally appear more comfortable with blanketing. Limited movement occurs when turnout spaces are

Right place. Right time. The superior placement and enhanced availability of Wolf Trax® DDP® Micronutrients guarantee more consistent, early plant uptake for optimum growth and productivity. Ask for Wolf Trax and deliver micronutrients to your crops on time. Call 855.237.9653, or visit wolftrax.com. SCAN THIS CODE FOR MORE ABOUT ON-TIME MICRONUTRIENT DELIVERY.

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DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

SEE THE BIG PICTURE. Gain a new perspective on your farm, family and future with this informative video series from Agvision, available at albertafarmexpress.ca Upcoming video topics include:  How to Fix the Daughter-In-Law

“Please fix our daughter-in-law!” According to Dr. John Fast this is a very common complaint in farm businesses and a most convenient person to blame when things are not going well.  Farmers Without Wills

An untimely death without a will jeopardizes the financial viability of your farm and could leave your family in an absolute mess.  Who is the Boss?

Dr. John Fast is a leading expert on farm family business in Canada. As the founder and director of the Centre For Family Business and with his background as a family counselor, educator, and entrepreneur, John is sought after for his ability to motivate and inspire audiences to make a difference.

Family businesses face enormous complexity and this can result in role confusion and internal conflict. Who is the boss? Dad? The farm manager?  Changing the Farming Business Model

The number one reason Dad has trouble making the changes to the business model desired by the next generation is because of Dad’s fear the new generation will run the farm better than he did.

Don’t miss any of these informative videos – visit www.albertafarmexpress.ca AGCanadaTV is sponsored by

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

More trade could end African food shortages FREER TRADE  Removing cross-border restrictions could help avoid food crises

if farmers were allowed to trade more easily with each other BY LESLEY WROUGHTON WASHINGTON / REUTERS

frica could avoid food shortages if it reduces the tangled web of rules, fees and high costs strangling regional food trade and by putting large swathes of uncultivated land to productive use, according to a World Bank report. Just five per cent of Africa’s cereal imports are now provided by African farmers, according to the report. “Too often borders get in the way of getting food to homes and communities which are struggling with too little to eat,” said Makhtar Diop, World Bank vice-president for Africa. The bank estimates that 19 million people are in danger of hunger and malnutrition in West Africa’s Sahel region. Yet, removing cross-border restrictions could help avoid food crises if farmers

were allowed to trade more easily with each other and get food to communities facing shortages. In addition, the World Bank estimated that fewer restrictions on food trade could generate an estimated $20 billion in annual earnings for African governments. Food trade barriers also increase the cost to the consumer and the farmer, the World Bank said.

No incentive

For example, farmers on holdings in Africa who sell surplus harvest typically receive less than 20 per cent of the consumer price of their produce, with the rest being eaten up by various transaction costs and post-harvest losses. “This clearly limits the incentive to produce for the market,” the World Bank said. Soaring global food prices in 2008, which triggered social unrest in several African countries, highlighted the problem of decades of underinvestment in

Farm Credit Canada honours women in agriculture

agriculture in Africa. It also stimulated interest among investors in Europe, the Middle East and Asia in Africa’s untapped farming potential. Fears of land grabbing also increased. The World Bank said high transport costs were an impediment to more food trade across Africa, especially for small farmers. While poor roads and lack of infrastructure are a problem in Africa, transport cartels are also common with little incentive for investment in modern trucks. Countries in West Africa could halve their transport costs within 10 years if governments undertook policy reforms, and took action on roadblocks and bribes at border posts that also add to the cost of getting food to markets. More food trade in Africa could help raise yields, spread new technology and create jobs, it added. In some countries it takes two to three years for new seed varieties to be released.

A woman works in a rice mill in Aliade community in the Gwer local government area of the central state of Benue. PHOTO: REUTERS/AFOLABI SOTUNDE

ACHIEVE your potential in agriculture

AWARD  Nominations

for the Rosemary Davis Award close Jan. 15 FCC RELEASE

Farm Credit Canada (FCC) is seeking nominations for the 2013 FCC Rosemary Davis Award, which recognizes and honours Canadian women for their leadership and commitment to agriculture. Individuals are encouraged to take time to recognize a woman who is making a difference in the agriculture industry. Selfnominations are also encouraged. Candidates are selected based on their demonstration of leadership — through giving back to their community and the agriculture industry — as well as their vision and passion for the industry. Since 2006, FCC has honoured 30 outstanding women with the Rosemary Davis Award. Winners will be announced in March 2013. They will have the opportunity to attend the Simmons School of Management Leadership Conference in Boston on April 2, 2013. “By attending this conference, winners of the award will have the unique opportunity to network and share knowledge,” says Kellie Garrett, senior vice-president, strategy, knowledge and reputation at FCC. “They will also have the chance to hear from some of the most respected women in the world who, just like them, decided to make a difference in their communities and the global village.” FCC Rosemary Davis winners must be 21 years of age or older and actively involved in Canadian agriculture. Entries will only be received online at www. fccrosemarydavisaward.ca.

Congratulations to the winners of the 2012 Monsanto Fund Opportunity Scholarship! Each of these students has received a $1,500 scholarship to help fund their post‑secondary education. If you are graduating from high school in 2013 and have plans to pursue post‑secondary studies in agriculture, you can apply for a 2013 Monsanto Fund Opportunity Scholarship. Watch for details in February 2013 on how to apply or visit us online at www.monsanto.ca.

BR I T ISH COLU M BI A

Thea Rodgers Cranbrook, BC

A L BE RTA

Ruby-Rae Rogawski Allison Speller Langley, BC Monte Lake, BC

Peter Bos Coaldale, AB

Kelly Coppock Castor, AB

Becky Domolewski Taber, AB

Taya Hoar Ponoka, AB

Danica Nobbs Bonanza, AB

Tessa Nybo Sundre, AB

Kirsten Pallesen Drumheller, AB

Monica Sluijmers Lethbridge, AB

Heather Stanko Lomond, AB

Brandon Wagstaff Trochu, AB

Andrea Hoffman Bruno, SK

Joel Karstens Wilkie, SK

Aaron Kary Vibank, SK

Kennedy Keith Biggar, SK

Aart Kohler Glenavon, SK

Shawna Lajoie Sylvania, SK

Shay Pridmore Consul, SK

Chelsea Richter Broadview, SK

Amanda Wuchner Humboldt, SK

Jessica Chamberlin William de Martines Melanie Eastman Cypress River, MB Beausejour, MB Hartney, MB

Allison Fisher Dauphin, MB

Kathleen Holweger Fiona Jochum Keith Johnson Killarney, MB St. François Xavier, MB Komarno, MB

Logan Pizzey Binscarth, MB

Gordon Ross Minnedosa, MB

Jacey Schettler Plumas, MB

Stacey Schott Warren, MB

Lauren Monk Elmwood, ON

Shaelyn Prins Corbyville, ON

Kyle Smith Stittsville, ON

Lori Taylor Hensall, ON

SA SK ATCHE WA N

Laura Archer Mazenod, SK

Laurie Bannerman Megan Bergsveinson Brayden Connor Mervin, SK Alameda, Sk Beechy, SK

M A N I TOBA

Hayley Butterfield Laurier, MB

Ashley Campion Pipestone, MB

ON TA R IO

Rebecca Turner Boissevain, MB

Stephen Boersma Exeter, ON

Laurissa Christie Tara, ON

Lori de Wal Quinte West, ON

Amber Flipsen Matthew Hebblethwaite Rachel Jackson Apple Hill, ON Tupperville, ON Blenheim, ON

QU É BEC

Shane Klassen Wheatley, ON

Victoria Kyle Drumbo, ON

MARITIMES

CONGRATULATIONS TO THE 2012 WINNERS

Sabrina Van Schyndel Sophie Wotten Carleton Place, ON Little Britain, ON

Sara Wyngaarden Elmira, ON

Alexandre Houle Victoriaville, QC

Lysanne Pelletier St-Roch des Aulnaies, QC

Carrie Simpson Huntingdon, QC

Maryanne Thériault Kaylin Buttimer St-Epiphane, QC Hunter River, PEI

Monsa n to F u n d opport u n i t y sc hol a r s h i p

Jenna MacKinnon Emily MacLeod Richmond, PEI Vernon Bridge, PEI

DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

Drought repercussions will weigh on livestock feeders for months TRIPLE THREAT  Low yield in corn, low protein in soymeal and higher toxin levels in distillers grains BY GAVIN MAGUIRE CHICAGO / REUTERS

he repercussions of this year’s drought across the U.S. Midwest will likely continue to affect the livestockfeeding industry for many months to come. Drought not only impacted the quantity of crops produced but also quality, leading to abnormally low protein content in soybeans and higher-than-usual toxin levels in corn that stand to disrupt the feed industry’s intake of soymeal, corn and distillers dried grains (DDGS) for the foreseeable future. The overall usable content of the beans themselves are noticeably below average in terms of protein (soymeal) levels. Agronomists

Aflatoxin can actually be concentrated threefold in DDGS during the ethanol production process.

attached to Iowa State University have projected soybean protein levels at around 33 to 34 per cent of total soybean weight this year, versus around 35 to 36 per cent on average. Soybean oil content is averaging higher-than-normal levels, at around 19.5 to 20 per cent of weight versus 18.5 per cent normally. These deviations in protein and oil content may not appear to be all that drastic at first glance, but stand to have a potentially pronounced impact on the overall amount of soymeal availability over the coming months once the soybeans themselves are processed into meal and oil. The latest report from the National Oilseed Processors Association reveals that the average soymeal yield in September was at its lowest level in close to two years.

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Thankfully for distressed livestock feeders, the shortfall in soy protein levels can potentially be offset by the higher-than-normal protein levels being found in this year’s corn crop. Iowa State agronomists estimate that average corn protein levels this year are up at around 8.2 to 8.3 per cent (of total kernel weight at the standard 15 per cent moisture content) versus around 7.5 per cent normally. However, that doesn’t begin to offset high corn prices, and that’s why distillers grains have become increasingly popular. But once again the drought conditions of this past summer threaten to disrupt the supply and makeup of this feed over the coming months. The main problem for DDGS users stems from the widespread outbreak of aflatoxin seen in corn this summer. The fungus can be harmful to animals if ingested in large amounts, and according to agronomists can actually be concentrated threefold in DDGS during the ethanol production process. Overall, the impact of the drought of 2012 is likely to be felt across the entire feeding industry over the coming months and will require flexibility in terms of feed purchases at the manager level and ration tolerance at the animal level throughout 2013. For those enterprises not accustomed to tweaking feed purchases and diets, this could potentially prove to be a challenging and costly period. But for those operations that adapt well to evolving cost and protein levels, the unfolding changes to the protein landscape could well prove to be beneficial rather than a challenge.

Move over Ted Turner

POOR

Corn protein higher than normal

NEWS

LODGING RE

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WORLD CL

For hog and poultry producers, this lower overall protein content — aligned with historically tight soybean stocks — is cause for concern, and could force feed purchasers to tweak feeding rations in the months ahead in order to offset any tightness in soymeal supplies.

John Malone, founder and chairman of Liberty Media, is now the largest private landowner in the U.S., The Land Report magazine says. The magazine states Malone owns 2.2 million acres, which puts him just ahead of Ted Turner with two million acres. Malone moved into the No. 1 spot with his purchase of one million acres of New England timber. Prior to that purchase, he jumped into the land-buying headlines with his purchase of the famous Bell Ranch, a 290,100-acre operation in New Mexico dating to the 1824 Montoya Land Grant. However, Turner is still No. 1 when it come to the size of his bison herd, numbering 50,000.

-45

DEKALB 73

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Monsanto Company is a member of Excellence Through Stewardship® (ETS). Monsanto products are commercialized in accordance with ETS Product Launch Stewardship Guidance, and in compliance with Monsanto’s Policy for Commercialization of Biotechnology-Derived Plant Products in Commodity Crops. This product has been approved for import into key export markets with functioning regulatory systems. Any crop or material produced from this product can only be exported to, or used, processed or sold in countries where all necessary regulatory approvals have been granted. It is a violation of national and international law to move material containing biotech traits across boundaries into nations where import is not permitted. Growers should talk to their grain handler or product purchaser to confirm their buying position for this product. Excellence Through Stewardship® is a registered trademark of Excellence Through Stewardship. ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW PESTICIDE LABEL DIRECTIONS. Roundup Ready® crops contain genes that confer tolerance to glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup® brand agricultural herbicides. Roundup® brand agricultural herbicides will kill crops that are not tolerant to glyphosate. Genuity and Design®, Genuity Icons, Roundup Ready®, and Roundup® are trademarks of Monsanto Technology LLC, Monsanto Canada, Inc. licensee. ©2012 Monsanto Canada, Inc.

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30/08/12 2:16 PM

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

Higher feed costs could trigger shift in consumers’ meat purchases DELAYED REACTION  Prices likely to take effect after breeding animals have been slaughtered

Since lamb is mostly grass fed, the industry could expand worldwide this year.

NEW

D3154S

surge in feed grain prices has stripped many livestock farmers of profit and set off a chain of events that threatens to drive up world meat prices in 2013. The global economic downturn has made it difficult for farmers to pass on rising costs to cashstrapped consumers, and they have sought to scale back production plans in the face of mounting losses. In the pork industry, this has meant slaughtering breeding sows, which in the short term can actually increase meat supplies, with the eventual decline in production not felt until 2013. “If you take a breeding pig out of the system now it takes around nine months before there is any impact on the level of slaughtering because of the lifespan of a pig,” said Stephen Howarth, analyst for Britain’s AHDB-BPEX. Retail prices for pork and beef in the United States have remained stable so far, but analysts said retailers would eventually be forced to pass on rising costs to consumers when supplies get tighter. “Because there is no immediate drop-off in production, you don’t tend to get much of a price reaction in the short term. It can feed through into a bigger price reaction further down the line,” he added. Jim Robb, director of the Livestock Information Center in Denver, Colorado, said as prices rise shoppers could switch from more expensive to cheaper meats. “For 2013, we may see a little bit more substitution by consumers away from beef and towards chicken and pork because we’ll see record-high price levels across most categories, especially for beef,” he said. One forecast pegs 2013 U.S. beef production at 24.8 billion pounds, the lowest since 2005, and at 23.6 billion for 2014, its lowest since 1993. Livestock economist Chris Hurt of the University of Purdue said the U.S. hog industry should begin to see a reduction in pork supply about May or June next year. Many U.S. feedlots have been operating at losses for several months. Hurt said he expected the numbers of cattle leaving feedlots to taper off noticeably in January or February next year.

D3153

LONDON / REUTERS

If declines in pork and beef production lead to higher prices, it might be an opportunity for poultry producers, who can quickly ramp up production. “In other words, look out. Especially in late 2013, chicken substituting for pork and beef is going to be pretty predominant,” said Purdue University’s Hurt. One major meat sector has managed to avoid rising feed costs and looks set for expansion: lamb. “Most sheep in the U.K. and the main global producers are grass fed. It (rising animal feed costs) will make lamb a bit more competitive relative to other meats,” Howarth said. “Where it has been very expensive relative to other meats, it may be a bit less so,” he added, noting most major producers planned to expand production in the next year or so.

D3152

BY NIGEL HUNT

Expensive feed

The price of corn hit a record high of just over $8.43 a bushel in August, and while it has since fallen about a dollar, that’s not nearly enough for hard-pressed livestock producers. Tim Koch, meat analyst at German agricultural markets consultancy AMI said a reduction in Germany’s pig herd and high animal feed costs would make 2013 a “painful time for farmers and consumers alike.” Howarth predicted European Union pork production will decline by at least two per cent in 2013, and exports for Canada will also contract. “The big unknown is China, which accounts for about half the global market for pigmeat,” he said. “Any drop-off in production will mean an increase in demand for imports, but there are conflicting stories coming out of China.”

ReDefining Canola Performance Pioneer® brand D-Series canola hybrids are bred to deliver outstanding performance. D3153 delivers high yield with exceptional standability and harvestability. D3152 adds the Pioneer Protector® Clubroot trait for protection from this devastating disease. And new D3154S has the Pioneer Protector® Sclerotinia trait for built-in protection. D-Series canola hybrids are available exclusively from select independent and Co-op retailers and are backed with service from DuPont Canada. Purchases of D-Series canola hybrids will qualify you for the 2013 DuPont™ FarmCare® Connect Grower Program. Terms and Conditions apply.

Roundup Ready® is a registered trademark used under license from Monsanto Company. The DuPont Oval logo, DuPont and FarmCare® are registered trademarks or trademarks of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company or its affiliates. E. I. du Pont Canada Company is a licensee. Pioneer®, the Trapezoid symbol, and Pioneer Protector are registered trademarks of Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. © Copyright 2012 DuPont Canada. All rights reserved.

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www.dseriescanola.ca 27/08/12 3:43 PM

DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

High grain prices make forage tests even more important Energy analysis } Formulas are not standardized among labs, as energy is determined by local conditions Agri-News

n Alberta Agriculture specialist says ensuring accurate energy predictions from forage analysis is critical. “Having accurate feed test results is vital to develop balanced rations for all types of livestock,” says Barry Yaremcio, beef and forage specialist, Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, Stettler. “Using proper sampling techniques, a forage or grain probe, and getting representative samples, improves the confidence one has in the test results obtained from the lab.” Wet chemistry analysis and near-infrared spectrometry analysis are reliable for fibre and protein tests. Wet chemistry is pre-

Using proper sampling techniques helps to obtain a more accurate result.

ferred for any of the macro- and micro-mineral analysis. “Grain prices are much higher this year compared to previous years,” says Yaremcio. “When extra energy is added in a lactating beef cow or growing calf ration; costs increase dramatically. Adding five pounds of barley to a ration increases daily feeding costs by approximately 60 cents a day. Thus, the need for accurate energy predictions from forage analysis is critical.” Energy content of grain is estimated from bushel weight. Forage energy content is calculated from acid detergent fibre (ADF). Mathematical formulas are applied to the ADF value to predict total digestible nutrients, digestible energy, and net energy values. Each laboratory has a formula to provide

FarmTech 2013

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David Chilton

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Todd Hirsh

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Dr. John Izzo

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Ron MacLean Host of Hockey Night in Canada FarmTech 2013 Banquet

the energy estimate. The formula is not standardized between laboratories. The energy formulas used reflect environmental conditions present in their local area. Hay that is grown in long daylight hours such as Western Canada will have less fibre than hay that is grown in the southern United States where they do not get 16 to 18 hours of sunlight. “Sampling error, technician error at the lab, different formulas to calculate energy content, can all influence the results,” notes Yaremcio. “Management decisions such as soil fertility, stage of maturity at cutting, how long the hay sat in swath before baling or making silage, and storage management all impact quality. Factors out of our control such as weather, diseases, hail, and insects can also influence ADF levels.” “After reviewing a number of forage test results this fall; there is a large variation in the reported energy values for feed with the same acid detergent fibre content. With different companies sending samples across North America for testing, and the different testing methods used to determine ADF content, it’s not surprising to see the variation.”

“Sampling error, technician error at the lab, different formulas to calculate energy content, can all influence the results.” Barry Yaremcio

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In the mid-1980s, the University of Alberta did research at the metabolic unit at the University of Alberta farm. Dr. Mathison and the research team fed different types of hay to cows to determine the energy content. These values were summarized and energy prediction equations were developed. “These equations are still valid,” says Yaremcio. To double check if the reported energy content in the forage is reasonable, a person can compare their feed test predicted energy values to the values developed at the University of Alberta. The chart is available on Alberta Agriculture’s website at www.agric. gov.ab.ca. “The feed test is a valuable tool to develop a balanced ration,” adds Yaremcio. “We can do a great job on paper to make everything work; but unfortunately, cows don’t know how to read. Monitor animal condition over the winter and make the necessary adjustments to the ration as needed.”

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Published by Farm Business Communications, 1666 Dublin Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3H 0H1 WINNIPEG OFFICE Alberta Farmer Express 1666 Dublin Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3H 0H1 Toll-Free in Canada 1-888-413-3325 Phone 403-341-0442 in Winnipeg FAX 403-341-0615 Mailing Address: Box 9800, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3C 3K7 • •

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(2 weeks prior)

REAl ESTATE Vacation Property Commercial Buildings Condos Cottages & Lots Houses & Lots Mobile Homes Motels & Hotels Resorts Farms & Ranches British Columbia Alberta Saskatchewan Manitoba Pastures Farms Wanted Acreages/Hobby Farms Land For Sale Land For Rent RECREATIONAl VEhIClES All Terrain Vehicles Boats & Water Campers & Trailers Golf Carts Motor Homes Motorcycles Snowmobiles Recycling Refrigeration Restaurant Supplies Sausage Equipment Sawmills Scales SEED/FEED/GRAIN Pedigreed Cereal Seeds Barley Durum Oats Rye Triticale Wheat Cereals Various Pedigreed Forage Seeds Alfalfa Annual Forage Clover Forages Various Grass Seeds Pedigreed Oilseeds Canola Flax Oilseeds Various Pedigreed Pulse Crops Beans Chickpeas

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DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

SEED/FEED MISCELLANEOUS Grain Wanted

AUCTION SALES Auctions Various

FARM MACHINERY Combine – Accessories

BOW VALLEY TRADING LTD.

WE BUY DAMAGED GRAIN Wheat, Barley, Oats, Peas, etc. Green or Heated Canola/Flax

Earn

1-877-641-2798

BUYING:

HEATED & GREEN CANOLA

Ask your CPS retailer about the PrePay program and earn 5% toward your crop input purchases.

• Competitive Prices • Prompt Movement • Spring Thrashed “ON FARM PICK UP”

1-877-250-5252

CANOLA WANTED

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10/12-19585_2A

CALL 1-866-388-6284 www.milliganbiotech.com

FARM MACHINERY Tractors – Various

FARM MACHINERY Combine – Accessories 19585-2A CPSClassified_4x4_BW.indd 1

INC.

10/11/12 12:19 PM

RECONDITIONED COMBINE HEADERS. RIGID and flex, most makes and sizes; also header transports. Ed Lorenz, (306)344-4811 or Website: www.straightcutheaders.com Paradise Hill, SK.

ANTIQUES

FARM MACHINERY Parts & Accessories

WORKING STEAM TRACTORS

40’ X 60’ X 16’ RIGID FRAME STEEL BUILDING

UNIQUE CHRISTMAS GIFTS Recapture The Golden Age Of Steam

$28,418 When you go with steel you get the right deals!

Pioneer One Steel Buildings

Call toll free 1 (877) 525-2004 or see us online at www.pioneeronesteel.com liVe steam tractor D405 Quality made all metal. Brass boiler, forward, reverse, neutral control & working whistle (double acting brass cylinder & piston). Engine runs 15 mins per fueling supplied. 11"Lx 5 3/4"W x 7 1/4"H. Reg $449.95 SPECIAL! $299.96 + tax

A GAMBLE...

BUSINESS SERVICES Crop Consulting

steam catalogue $6.95

FARM CHEMICAL SEED COMPLAINTS

shiPPing $16 • extra Fuel $6.95/Box - 5 Boxes For $24.95

YesterYear toYs & books Inc. DePt. BF • 16385 telePhone rD. s., Brighton, on k0k 1h0

Advertise in the Alberta Farmer Express Classifieds, it’s a Sure Thing!

1-888-413-3325 AUCTION SALES Auctions Various

BUSINESS SERVICES

FARMING IS ENOUGH OF

AUCTION SALES Auctions Various

We also specialize in: Crop Insurance appeals; Chemical drift; Residual herbicide; Custom operator issues; Equipment malfunction; Yield comparisons, Plus Private Investigations of any nature. With our assistance the majority of our clients have received compensation previously denied. Back-Track Investigations investigates, documents your loss and assists in settling your claim. Licensed Agrologist on Staff. For more information Please call 1-866-882-4779

FARM MACHINERY FARM MACHINERY Haying & Harvesting – Baling

Earn

Round up the cash! Advertise your unwanted equipment in the Alberta Farmer Express classifieds.

Combines FARM MACHINERY Combine – Various

Ask at your local CPS retail store.

COMBINE WORLD located 20 min. E of Saskatoon, SK on Hwy. #16. 1 year warranty on all new, used, and rebuilt parts. Canada’s largest inventory of late model combines & swathers. 1-800-667-4515 www.combineworld.com

Watch your profits grow!

19585-1A CPSClassified_4x4_BW.indd 1

FINANCE, TRADES WELCOME 780-696-3527, BRETON, AB

NEW WOBBLE BOXES for Macdon JD, NH, IH, headers. Made in Europe, factory quality. Get it direct from Western Canada’s sole distributor starting at $995. 1-800-667-4515. www.combineworld.com

Tillage & Seeding

Big Tractor Parts, Inc. Geared For The Future

STEIGER TRACTOR SPECIALIST

FARM MACHINERY Tillage & Seeding – Tillage 41-35FT FLEXICOIL 700 chisel plow, W/harrows, 43ft-47ft. Leon chisel plow w/harrows; 40ft crowfoot packer bar; IHC 12 bottom plow; (780)623-1008

TracTors FARM MACHINERY Tractors – John Deere JD 2007 7520 C/W 741 loader, bucket & grapple, smooth bucket, pallet fork, 3hyd outlets, elect. joystick, 60% tire tread, 4790/hrs, good shape, $87,000 (403)337-2162, Carstairs

FARM MACHINERY Tractors – Various

RED OR GREEN 1. 10-25% savings on new replacement parts for your Steiger drive train. 2. We rebuild axles, transmissions and dropboxes with ONE YEAR WARRANTY. 3. 50% savings on used parts.

1-800-982-1769 www.bigtractorparts.com FARM MACHINERY Tractors – Various

WANTED: JD 7810 c/w fel & 3pth; sp or pto bale wagon; JD or IHC end wheel drills. Small square baler. (877)330-4477

Profit from our experience. Make a PrePay program deposit to your CPS account and earn 5% toward crop input purchases.

10/12-19585_1A

JD 3140, 3pth loader JD 4050 fwa, 3pth loader JD 4320 loader avail. JD 4440, loader available JD 4560 FWA, 280 loader JD 6410 3pth, FWA, loader available JD 7810, FWA, 740 loader JD 746 loader, new • Cat 256C, 1000hrs Mustang 2044 Skidsteer, 1300hrs. Kello 10ft model 210 disc Clamp on duals, 20.8x38-18.4x38 158 & 148, 265, 740, 280, JD loaders

10/11/12 12:18 PM

JD 9400, 9420, 9520, 8970 JD 7810 & 7210, FWA JD 9860, 9760, 9750, 9650, 9600 JD 9430, 9530, 9630 CIH 8010 w/RWD, lateral tilt, duals 900 hrs. Case STX 375, 425, 430, 450, 480, 500, 530 CIH 8010-2388, 2188 combine CIH 435Q, 535Q, 450Q, 550Q, 600Q pto avail. NH TJ 450, New Triples, Big Pump 8100 Wilmar Sprayer

JD 4710, 4720, 4730, 4830, 4920, 4930 SP sprayers JD 9770 & 9870 w/CM & duals CIH 3185, 3230, 3330, 4430, 4420 sprayers 9580 Kubota, FWA, FEL, low hours 3545 MF w/FWA FEL GOOD SELECTION OF JD & CASE HEADERS: 635F, 636D AND MANY MORE CASE & JD

“LIKE MANY BEFORE, WE’LL HAVE YOU SAYING THERE’S NO DEAL LIKE A KEN DEAL” •Phone: (403)526-9644 •Cell: (403)504-4929 •Greg Dorsett (403)952-6622 •Email: kendeal@shaw.ca

Double LL Industries 780.905.8565 Nisku, Alberta

1979 John Deere 2130

1974 John Deere 1020

2001 Kubota M9580

2005 Toyota 25 Forklift

66 HP Diesel, 3PTH

40 HP Gas, P/S, 3PTH

FWA Tractor, 95 HP Diesel,4767 Hours, 3PTH

5000 lb Lift

Advertise with AFe Classifieds Place your ad today by calling Maureen at

1-888-413-3325

13,500

$ 5,500 28,500 www.doublellindustries.com $

5,800

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

FARM MACHINERY Machinery Miscellaneous

FARM MACHINERY Machinery Wanted

1996 ROGATOR 854, 800/GAL, 80ft. 4x4, 2 sets tires, 3790/hrs, GFS boom, Raven auto-rake, Raven cruiser, GPS, spd. hydro. 195hp Cummins, $58,000; 1999 CAT 460 1300 sep. hrs, rake up $93,000; 2006 JD 567 mega-wide, mesh wrap, 5453/bales, $23,500; (403)665-2341, Craigmyle, AB.

WANTED: Small square balers and end Wheel Seed Drills, Rock Pickers, Rock Rakes, Tub grinders, also JD 1610 cultivators (403)308-1238

ACREAGE EQUIPMENT: CULTIVATORS, DISCS, Plows, Blades, Post pounders, Haying Equipment, Etc. (780)892-3092, Wabamun, Ab.

VISIT: WWW.TOYOURHEALTHPRODUCTS.CA For All your health care needs and read the testimonials that has helped other people by using the products. Call us (403)345-7788 collect

LOW HRS; KOMATSU WA 320-1 3yd loader; 122 trackhoe; (306)236-8023

RETIRED FROM FARMING, MOST machinery shedded, 1998 Peterbuilt, 460 Cummins, 18spd, w/36ft tandem Doepker grain trailer $75,000; Rock picker, $1,000; (403)586-0978, Torrington, Ab. WIRELESS DRIVEWAY ALARMS, calving/foaling barn cameras, video surveillance, rear view cameras for RV’s, trucks, combines, seeders, sprayers and augers. Mounted on magnet. Calgary, Ab. (403)616-6610. www.FAAsecurity.com

HEALTH CARE

• Sprayed foam insulation • Ideal for shops, barns or homes • Healthier, Quieter, More Energy Efficient®

1-800-587-4711

- Hydraulic Drive (roll or unroll wire) - Mounts to tractor draw bar, skidsteer or bobcat, front end loader, post driver, 3pt. hitch or deck truck (with receiver hitch & rear hydraulics) - Spool splits in half to remove full roll - Shut off/ Flow control valve determines speed - Works great for pulling out old wire (approx. 3--5 minutes to roll up 80 rod or 1/4 mile) The Level-Wind Wire Roller rolls wire evenly across the full width of the spool automatically as the wire is pulled in Ken Lendvay (403) 550-3313 Red Deer, AB email: kflendvay@hotmail.com Web: www.levelwind.com

RON SAUER

MACHINERY LTD. (403) 540-7691 ronsauer@shaw.ca

Flexicoil 6 run seed treater ................................ $2,000 2006 51’ Flexicoil 5000 airdrill, 10”, 5.5” rubber packers ............................................. Call 2006, 39’ Flexicoil 5000 airdrill 10”, 5.5 rubber packers, double chute, used 1 year, like new ............................... Call 134’ Flexicoil S68XL sprayer, 2007, suspended boom, auto rate, joystick, rinse tank, triple quick jets, auto boom height, electric end nozzle & foam marker............. $39,500 130’ Flexicoil 67XL PT sparyer, 2006,trail boom, auto rate, rinse tank, hyd. pump, combo jets, nice shape $26,500 51 Flexicoil Bodies c/w GEN. 4”carbide spread tip openers, single chute, like new ................ $3,500 4800 Prairie Star MacDon diesel swather, c/w 25’ 960 header w/PU reel .......................... $30,000 8110 Hesston diesel swather, c/w 25’ header & PU reel, nice shape.................. $32,500 2360 JD diesel swather, 1700hrs, c/w 25’ table & U-2 PU reel, new drive tires, outback auto steer, always shedded, exc. cond. ............................................ $19,600 2360 JD swather, gas, c/w 18’ table & PU reel .... $7,500 30’ 8230 CIH PT swather, PU reel, nice shape,.. $10,000 25ft Hesston 1200 PT swather, pu reel, nice shape................................................ $7,500 21’ 4600 Prairie Star PT swather, UII pu reel, nice shape .............................................................$5000 16’ NH 2300 hay header & conditioner from NH 2450 swather, nice cond. ......................... $5,000 1372 MF 13’ swing arm discbine 4yrs, like new$20,000 MATR 10 wheel V-Hayrake, hyd. fold, as new .... $5,250 New Hawes fuel tank & Hyd. motor w/ring drives for P auger mover .................................... Call New Sakundiak 10x1200 (39.97’) 36HP Kohler eng., E-Kay mover, Power steering, electric belt tightener, work lights, slimfit, 12 gal. fuel tank..................... $18,000 New Sakundiak 7x1200 (39.97’) , 22HP Robin-Subaru eng.,w/Winter Kit, battery & fuel tank .......................$7,500 New E-Kay 7”, 8”, 9” Bin Sweeps .........................Call 8x1600(52.5’) Sakundiak auger c/w newer 30hp Koehler engine, gear box clutch, Hawes mover, spout, nice shape........................... $10,000 Flexicoil 10”x 50’ Grain auger ......................... $2,500 2002 7000HD Highline bale Processor, c/w twine cutter, always shedded exc. cond ........... $7,000 18.4”x30” tractor grip tires on rims .......................... Call New Outback Max GPS Guidance Monitor Available................................................... Call New Outback S3, STS, E drive, TC’s...................... In Stock New Outback E drive X c/w free E turns ..................... Call New Outback S-Lite................................................$900 Used Outback 360 mapping...................................$750 Used Outback S guidance .......................................$750 Used Outback S2 guidance ................................. $1,000 Used Outback E drive Hyd. Kits. (JD,Case, Cat & NH)$500

PIPE FOR SALE 3-1/2IN., 2-7/8in., 2-3/8in., Henderson Manufacturing Sales. (780)672-8585

FARM MACHINERY Irrigation Equipment 27 PAIRS OF 7IN hook and latch mainline, $150/per pair OBO; 40 doses Alltrace cattle bolus’s, (estimated worth $1200.) open to offers. (403)725-0002, Hayes, AB.

Specialty LIVESTOCK Livestock Equipment 5’X10’ PORTABLE CORRAL PANELS, 6 bar. New improved design. Storage Containers, 20’ & 40’ 1-866-517-8335, (403)540-4164, (403)226-1722

TIRES

TRAVEL

WANTED: NH BALE WAGONS & retrievers, any condition. Farm Equipment Finding Service, P.O. Box 1363, Polson, MT 59860. (406)883-2118

CAREERS Help Wanted

Ask your CPS retailer how to earn 5% toward your crop input purchases.

Rural & Cultural Tours

Pacific Coastal Cruise ~ May 2013 Ukraine/Romania ~ May 2013 Austria/Switzerland ~ June 2013 Ireland ~ June 2013 Western Canada ~ June 2013 Alaska Land/Cruise ~ August 2013 Available Soon:

10/12-19585_3A

Australia/New Zealand & South America 2014 *Tours may be tax Deductible

Select Holidays 1-800-661-4326 www.selectholidays.com

CAREERS Oil Field

19585-3A CPSClassified_4x4_BW.indd 1

CAREERS Oil Field

10/11/12 12:20 PM

FARMING IS ENOUGH OF A GAMBLE...

HAYBUSTER 1000 TUB GRINDER; BP 25/bale processor, w/bunk conveyor and recutter; Sundance tub grinder; Oswald 400 feed wagon; 150/bu creep feeder; (780)623-1008

SEED / FEED / GRAIN SEED/FEED MISCELLANEOUS Hay & Straw HAY FOR SALE, 2012, excellent quality, no rain, 1600/lbs, 60% alfalfa, 40% grass, (403)854-2240, 403-854-0420, Hanna, Ab. HAY FOR SALE: large round 208 first cut Alfalfa/Timothy, 400 orchard/grass mix, $.04/per/pound, 300/bales second cut (both types) at $.05/per/pound, little or no rain, (780)696-2491, Breton, Ab.

Advertise in the Alberta Farmer Express Classifieds, it’s a Sure Thing!

ROUND AND SQUARE HAY bales, excellent quality alfalfa timothy brome mix, shedded, good for horses & Cattle (780)967-2593, Calahoo, Ab.

1-888-413-3325

LIVESTOCK Specialty – Various

LIVESTOCK Specialty – Various CAREERS Employment Wanted EARN $75,000/yr PART TIME in the livestock or equipment appraisal business. Agricultural background required. Classroom or home study courses available. 1-800-488-7570

Stretch your ADVERTISING DOLLAR!

1-888-413-3325

Manufacturer of Custom Mineral Premix ~Nutrition Consulting~ ~Ration Formulation ~ ~On-farm Delivery~ ~On-farm Consulting~ Lee Eddy BSc. Ag GENERAL MANAGER (403) 804~4350 Kristen Ritson-Bennett BSc. Ag ANIMANIMAL NUTRITION MANAGER (403) 358~1674

MORE SELECTION MORE OFTEN MORE OVER DEALS... 43,000 PIECES OF A EQUIPMENT G !

SALES REP FOR GEORGE’S FARM CENTRE

358 NH MIX MILL, 540/pto, w/bale shredder, 125/bu tank, used very little, always shedded from new, $4,000, (780)848-2529, Warburg, Ab.

CAREERS

CPS Prepay Program

New 30.5L-32 16 ply, $2,195; 20.8-38 12 ply $866; 18.4-38 12 ply; $783; 24.5-32 14 ply, $1,749; 14.9-24 12 ply, $356; 16.9-28 12 ply $558. Factory direct. More sizes available new and used. 1-800-667-4515. www.combineworld.com

**Flexi-Coil, Westward MacDon Swathers, NuVision, Sakundiak & Farm King Augers, Outback GPS Systems, EK Auger, Movers, Sweeps, & Crop Dividers, Degelman, Headsight Harvesting Solutions**

FARM MACHINERY Machinery Wanted

CAREERS

Hit our readers where it counts… in the classifieds. Place your ad in the Alberta Farmer Express classifed section. 1-888-413-3325.

The Icynene Insulation System®

IRON & STEEL

Adapter available to unroll new barb wire off of wooden spool

INDUSTRIAL SEWING MACHINE FOR leather and upholstery (403)749-3871, Delburne, Ab.

HEAT & AIR CONDITIONING

www.penta.ca

Barb Wire & Electric High Tensile Wire Spooler

SEWING MACHINES

Find it fast at PLANT PRODUCTION MANAGER Tynan Griffith 3411 52nd Ave. Innisfail, AB ~Formerly Innisfail Minerals~

news » livestock

DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

Banff Pork Seminar Jan. 15-17

U.S. pork supplies at all-time high

The 2013 Banff Pork Seminar will be held Jan. 15 to 17, 2013, with the theme of “The Challenge of Change.” Speakers include Jason Logsdon of The Maschhoffs, one of the largest familyowned production networks in North America, Steve Pollmann, president of Murphy-Brown’s Western Operations and Wes Jamison, an associate professor of public relations at Palm Beach Atlantic University. Topics include swine nutrition, competing for markets at home and abroad, and building competitive pork production. Other sessions include reducing antibiotic use, and the conversion to gestation stalls. For more information visit www.banffpork.ca.

U.S. pork production in October hit a record high as the hog slaughter surged to an all-time high of 10.86 million head, government data showed Nov. 23, as high feed costs drove producers to cull herds. More hogs passed through U.S. packing plants last month than ever before as farmers liquidated their herds as the worst drought in half a century sent feed prices to historic highs. The rush to slaughter could benefit consumers in the near term as increased supplies weigh on pork prices, but costs are expected to go up by mid-2013 as hog supplies tighten, analysts said.

“…eventually people will be able to test a really young animal and see its genetic value for their breeding programs…”

Researchers mapping the genome of the country’s most inf luential bulls RIGHT STUFF } By genotyping influential beef bulls, researchers hope to

create a low-cost tool that predicts key animal traits

The Canadian Cattle Genome Project has a “Bull of the month” feature on its website (www.canada.cow.ca). For example, Seven forty seven was a world-renowned grand champion bull (Iowa state fair, 1980) and is one of the key founders of the Canadian Limousin herd. His impressive EPDs made him a fine example of the Limousin breed.

by alexis kienlen af staff / edmonton

heck your tanks for bull semen, because you might have the sample the Canadian Cattle Genome Project is trying to find. Researchers want to sequence the genotypes of influential beef bulls and are looking for semen vials, semen straws, blood, tail hair and tissue to obtain DNA samples. “For each of the breeds we’re working with, we have a pedigree looking at the key historic animals that have been involved in creating the population that we have in Canada,” said Mary De Pauw, project manager for the Canadian Cattle Genome Project.

Scientists from several institutions, including the University of Guelph and University of Alberta, will be sequencing the DNA of 25 key historic bulls as well as five younger bulls that have had influence on the Canadian cattle population. Over 1,000 animals of each breed will be genotyped to help researchers determine how each animal is different or specialized within its species. “We’re trying to test the genotype and the phenotype so that eventually people will be able to test a really young animal and see its genetic value for their breeding programs,” said De Pauw. The researchers have already received a large number of samples and have begun geno-

“The more genotyping information you can get, the stronger and more accurate your prediction tools will become.”

typing and sequencing them. However, they are finding it difficult to find samples from some key historic animals and are asking cattle owners who

Mary De Pauw, project manager for the Canadian Cattle Genome Project, invites contact from anyone who thinks they may have a sample from one of the historic bulls.

think they may have such a sample to contact them. Anyone who donates a sample of a key historical animal for sequencing will receive a tax receipt from the University of Alberta. The three-year, $8.2-million project is part of an international effort with Australia, Ireland, Scotland and the U.S. “There’s a great advantage in having these international collaborations because we’re able to share our data with them, and they share data with us,” said De Pauw. “The more genotyping information you can get, the stronger and more accurate your prediction tools will become.” Once all the samples have been collected, researchers will

be looking to create a low-cost tool that producers can use to measure and predict key animal traits. The Canadian Cattle Genome Project is also working with a number of breed organizations including Charolais, Limousin, Hereford, Gelbvieh, Angus and Simmental. The researchers are also working with Beefbooster, and the Canadian Dairy Network. Cattle from University of Guelph and the University of Alberta’s Kinsella ranch research cattle herd are also included in the project. Anyone who thinks they may have a sample from one of the historic animals can contact Mary De Pauw at mdepauw@ ualberta.ca or 780-248-1901 or project lead Steve Miller at miller@uoguelph.ca.

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

The promise and frustration of farming in Ukraine FROM THE HIP  Ukraine has great potential, but it will be difficult to realize BY BRENDA SCHOEPP Regular columnist Brenda Schoepp was awarded a Nuffield Scholarship this year, and is visiting several countries to learn more about the role of women in agriculture.

ith a land base similar to Canada, Ukraine is considered one of the future breadbaskets of the world. The deep, rich soil, irrigation, river and port access and temperate climate all point to the land of opportunity. Our Nuffield team had mixed emotions about Ukraine when they visited in October. The opportunity in the land was apparent and the successful businesses were very enthusiastic, but the underlying corruption bubbled through the earth and left a feeling of general sadness. To succeed in agribusiness in Ukraine takes a special breed of entrepreneur. Domestic and international businessmen stressed the importance of working with small, domestic companies and taking time to develop the needed network. Those visionaries who understand that it takes time and that there are levels of corruption can develop state-of-the-art industries. For example, Ukraine now has the largest cold storage for vegetables in the EU area. This is important because to do agribusiness in Ukraine you need to look at value adding to avoid the risk of ever-changing export bans. Although corn is the principle field crop there are others

including sugar beets, vegetables, fruits and vineyards and soybeans. Irrigation channels built in the 1950s are important but many of the other structures, such as the large communist-built storage sheds are empty. The agricultural opportunity is huge in this land of rich black soil, rivers, ports and sunshine, but the infrastructure is outdated and in poor repair. The growth of farms depends entirely on the negotiation with small landholders. A typical example was a host who had to negotiate 3,800 annual land leases to secure 10,000 hectares. Lease rates are $30 to $60 per hectare with production at two tonnes per hectare (30 bu./ ac.) on wheat. As there remains a moratorium on foreign ownership, the rebirth of the land market is unlikely to occur.

Women disadvantaged

Perhaps more than anywhere our scholars had travelled, Ukraine seemed to hold the least in terms of hope for women. Linda Eldridge, an Australian who has looked at agriculture in dozens of countries, summed up the experience by saying, “I found that the women here had less hope than in any other country we had been to, we didn’t see many women in high-paid positions and saw most women in labouring jobs that again were the lowest-paid positions in society.” In a conversation after our visit she remembered the desperation of women who looked for some faint hope

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Women make up the Ukrainian farm workforce. to “get out” and be released from the weight of a society that just could not move ahead. As we find worldwide, labour woes plague the industry and Ukraine has its share of lost production and harvesting due to labour shortages. Women make up the workforce and although they are treated poorly, remain the foundation for growth in Ukrainian agriculture. Keeping costs under control will offset some of the massive inflation which keeps strides with return on investment and will help to put the value in value added. Until there is liberalization within the country and a struc-

ture that allows business to flourish without massive risks and huge administration costs, Ukraine will be limited to those who have no fear and are capable of working the layers of corruption and do not get distracted by the general lack of interest from government and industry. All people deserve freedom. The freedom of choice, the freedom of movement, the freedom of access to health, water and food so they grow, prosper, embrace and enjoy their lives. They do not need and never deserve to be entwined or chained to old ways that become their prisons and to governments that become their lords.

Australian Nuffield scholar Linda Eldridge says Ukrainian women have less hope than those in any other country she has visited. Brenda Schoepp is a market analyst and the owner and author of Beeflink, a national beef cattle market newsletter. A professional speaker and industry market and research consultant, she ranches near Rimbey, Alberta. brenda. schoepp@cciwireless.ca or www. brendaschoepp.com.

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DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

Winter is no time to forget about the bulls SO THEY’RE READY  Bull care and nutrition need to start now, not next spring before turnout BY KRIS RINGWALL

BEEF SPECIALIST, NDSU EXTENSION SERVICE

he first winter storm brought in the reality of seasonal changes and the need to take care of the bulls. For many, the cows and calves head home, and then the calves are sorted for market. The busyness of it all is mind boggling at times. The pens are stretched to the max, and there is not enough time to get every animal fed and watered on a normal schedule. A quick sort often will move the bulls aside and put the cows and calves at centre stage. Off in the distance, one can hear someone ask if the bulls have been fed. The point being, bulls still are a very important part of a cowcalf enterprise. In all honesty, way too many times bulls take a back seat once the breeding season is done. Just like the cows, bulls need time to recover.

DAILY NUTRIENT

REQUIREMENTS

FOR REGAINING BODY CONDITION OF BULLS BULL WEIGHT

AVERAGE DAILY GAIN

TOTAL DRY MATTER INTAKE

PROTEIN

TDN INTAKE

(LBS.) 1,300 1,500 1,700 1,900

(LBS.) 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.5

(LBS.) 26.1 28.3 29.6 32.2

(LBS.) 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2

(LBS.) 15.6 15.8 15.4 16.8

Cow-Calf Management Guide, Second Edition, CL 300 College of Agriculture, University of Idaho

If the bulls can’t hold up, why are they there in the first place? That question is a point of discussion. We all need to remember that many bulls are terminal bulls. In other words, they breed cows and sire calves that are designed to be feeder calves. These bulls often are purchased for high dollars, so the key to making the bulls affordable is years of use. A bull that can be depreciated out over four or five breeding seasons is much better for the bottom line than a bull that only lasts two or three seasons.

The market calves will perform well in the feedlot and be aggressively sought after by feeder calf buyers. This means that most bulls are not intended to produce replacement heifers. If, in fact, the bull was intended to sire replacement heifers, he had better come in reasonable shape. Regardless, the bulls have worked hard and need some recuperation.

Student wisdom

The cow-calf management class that I teach at Dickinson State

University is always fun, and listening to the students certainly brings insight into the beef business. A former student once wrote, “After the breeding season, many producers would like to forget about their breeding bulls, and some do. They become a hassle because no one wants them in the way. How much easier it is to push them to the back 40 and worry about them next spring. “Although it is apparent that breeding bulls do not require a lot of extra attention in the offseason, some care must be fulfilled to reduce costs for the next year. Most breeding commences in the spring or early summer and extends for two to three more months. Even with a 60-day prebreeding conditioning period, this still leaves approximately seven months of post-breeding. These usually are in the fall and winter months. “After the completion of the breeding season, old or crippled

Figured out how to maximize my yield - online.

bulls should be sorted off and sold. Mature, healthy bulls won’t require a lot of extra care, so they could go by themselves. This leaves the younger, thinner bulls to work with. These are the ones that should receive a little higherquality feed through the winter to increase their years of productivity. Properly balanced nutrition, including minerals, should be available to assure optimum reproductive performance. “Nutrition begins with adequate amounts of feed. For example, a 1,300-pound bull needing to gain 1.5 pounds per day needs 26.1 pounds of dry matter. It would consist of two pounds (7.9 per cent) of protein and 15.6 pounds (59.7 per cent) of total digestible nutrients (TDN) or energy. A larger bull, say 1,900 pounds, needs to gain one-half pound per day. This bull would need 32.2 pounds of dry matter per day. To accomplish this, the bull needs 2.2 pounds (6.9 per cent) of protein and 16.8 pounds (52 per cent) of TDN or energy. “Shelter also is an overlooked aspect. Testicles easily can be frozen in this part of the Midwest, so some bedding and shelter are important. Remember that bulls constitute 50 per cent of next year’s calf crop. Therefore, wise management practices can reduce variable costs, which will result in greater overall revenue.”

They become a hassle because no one wants them in the way. How much easier it is to push them to the back 40 and worry about them next spring.

Bulls can be a pain

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I couldn’t have said it better or been any more right when he said that producers sometimes would like to forget about the bull inventory because bulls can be a pain. The key to bull management, like all other cattle management, is the willingness to address topics in a very timely manner rather than waiting until a crisis arises. Bull care and nutrition need to start now, not next spring prior to bull turnout. Bulls need to be physically healthy, athletic in nature and conditioned for a vigorous marathon. In addition, the bull requires approximately eight weeks for viable sperm cell development. For bulls that are mismanaged and have their spermatogenic cycle disrupted, a minimum of two months is needed for the bull to start having a viable sperm supply for the proper conception of next year’s calf crop. Listen up: Don’t forget about those bulls, so keep them in sight and properly fed. North Dakota State University Extension Service beef specialist Kris Ringwall writes a weekly column archived at www.BeefTalk.com.

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

Researchers find E. coli resistance develops in the soil CYCLES  Bacteria survive antibiotic in urine, return to animal through feed WSU RELEASE

“I was surprised at how well this works, but it was not a surprise that it could be happening.”

ashington State University researchers have found an unlikely recipe for antibiotic-resistant bacteria: Mix cow dung and soil, and add urine infused with metabolized antibiotic. The urine will kill off normal E. coli in the dung-soil mixture. But antibiotic-resistant E. coli will survive in the soil to recolonize in a cow’s gut through pasture, forage or bedding. “I was surprised at how well this works, but it was not a surprise that it could be happening,” says Doug Call, a molecular epidemiologist in WSU’s Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health. Call led the research with an immunology and infectious disease PhD student, Murugan Subbiah, now a post-doctoral researcher at Texas A & M. Their study appears in a recent issue of the online journal PLOS ONE. The scientists focused on the antibiotic ceftiofur, a cephalosporin believed to be helping drive

DOUG CALL WSU

E. coli bacteria.

the proliferation of resistance in bacteria like salmonella and E. coli. Ceftiofur has little impact on gut bacteria, says Call. “Given that about 70 per cent of the drug is excreted in the urine, this was about the only pathway through which it could exert such a large effect on bacterial popula-

Pig genome research could help humans U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) researchers say that new analysis of the pig genome has revealed new similarities between pigs and humans that could potentially advance biomedical research significantly. A USDA release says additional findings from the study, reported Nov. 16 in the journal Nature, may also lead to better breeding strategies, improved pork production and improvements to human health. The research was conducted by a global team of scientists as part of the International Swine Genome Sequence Consortium (ISGSC). “This new swine genome sequence analysis helps us understand the genetic mechanisms that enable high-quality pork production, feed efficiency and resistance to disease,” said Sonny Ramaswamy, director of USDA’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The study found that the pig and its cousin the wild boar have much in common with humans. “The (USDA) scientists’ work revealed a high degree of similarity in the immunity genes of pigs and humans, a discovery that could contribute significantly toward the use of swine as a model in studies of both human and animal health and increase the potential of the pig as a biomedical model,” the release said.

PHOTO: WIKIMEDIA COMMONS

tions that can reside in both the gut and the environment,” he says. Until now, conventional thinking held that antibiotic resistance is developed inside the animal, Call says. “If our work turns out to be broadly applicable, it means that selection for resistance to

important drugs like ceftiofur occurs mostly outside of the animals,” he says. “This in turn means that it may be possible to develop engineered solutions to interrupt this process. In doing so we would limit the likelihood that antibiotic-resistant bacteria will get back to the animals and

thereby have a new approach to preserve the utility of these important drugs.” One possible solution would be to find a way to isolate and dispose of residual antibiotic after it is excreted from an animal but before it interacts with soil bacteria. The WSU experiments were performed in labs using materials from dairy calves. Researchers must now see if the same phenomenon takes place in actual food-animal production systems.

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DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

Good gilt management improves lifetime productivity MICHIGAN STUDY  High-productivity sow farms began boar contact with gilts sooner BY BERNIE PEET

enetic progress in litter size has been rapid over the last 15 years, with an annual improvement in the range 0.2 - 0.3 total born. For many producers, litter size is no longer a limiting factor to achieving a high number of pigs born per sow per year. Today’s challenges now centre around maximizing piglet survival and, increasingly, ensuring the sow has a long, productive lifetime. There is now increasing focus on gilt development and reproductive management programs that can improve sow herd retention rate, increase pigs per sow per year and, more importantly in this context, maximize piglets weaned per sow lifetime. North American herd-recording systems show unacceptably high dropout rates for young females which is inconsistent with a long and productive life in the herd. Retaining females through the most productive three to six parity range will boost herd performance and

reduce production cost per pig weaned. To achieve this goal, good gilt management practices are essential, but there is no widespread consensus about the routines that are most effective in improving sow herd retention. In a recent issue of Michigan State University’s Pork Quarterly, state swine specialist Ronald O. Bates reviews the results of a Japanese research study (Kaneko and Koketsu, 2012) that evaluated sow productivity in 96 herds and related gilt management practices to sow performance. The study analyzed the farms’ sow productivity records and evaluated 15,574 gilt records. Each farm completed surveys that detailed their gilt management program. Farms were categorized into three sow productivity categories, based on pigs per sow per year. Farms classified as “High” achieved more than 23.8 pigs per sow per year. “Intermediate” sow productivity farms fell within the range of 20.8 to 23.8 pigs per sow per year and farms that were categorized as “Low” sow productivity farms produced 20.7 or fewer pigs per sow.

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“Gilt development is an important aspect of sow farm productivity and attention to detail and consistent applications of fundamental gilt management practices should improve subsequent productivity and longevity.”

“Age at mating was lower among High and Intermediate sow productivity farms compared to Low sow productivity farms,” comments Bates (Table 1). “Gilts from high sow productivity farms also had higher farrowing rates than gilts from farms in the other two categories. This was true for gilts that farrowed to their first service as well as those that recycled and subsequently farrowed after a later service.” In describing the gilt management programs for these farm categories, High and Intermediate sow productivity farms began boar contact with gilts at approximately 203 days of age while “Low-productivity sow farms began boar contact with gilts at approximately 213 days of age,” Bates explains. “Therefore, it appears all farms were trying to mate gilts at their second estrus but High-productivity sow farms began boar contact with gilts sooner.” A greater proportion (32 per

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RONALD BATES

Age at farrowing was 13.7 days younger for gilts on farms that used direct boar contact to stimulate estrus versus farms that used indirect boar contact.

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cent) of high sow productivity sow farms used gilt development diets than Intermediate (8.5 per cent) and Low (zero per cent) sow productivity sow farms. Also age at farrowing was 13.7 days younger for gilts on farms that used direct boar contact to stimulate estrus versus farms that used indirect boar contact. “This is in agreement with recent research from Michigan State University that reported that gilts that farrow at or before a year of age had improved sow longevity compared to females that farrowed after a year of age,” Bates notes. Farms also listed the time gilts were mated after being detected in heat. “Farms that mated gilts immediately after detected heat had higher gilt farrowing rates than farms that waited either six to 12 hours or 24 hours to mate or inseminate gilts,” points out Bates (Figure 1). “This may be because ovulation occurs sooner within the estrus period of gilts than sows. Therefore, mating immediately after gilts are detected in heat may allow for sperm to go through the process of capacitation and be ready to fertilize eggs at ovulation.” Although the gilt development practices identified as being

beneficial in this study are not the only ones that can improve subsequent reproductive performance, it does suggest that the following be considered for gilt development programs: • The use of specialist gilt development diets • Commencing estrus detection at approximately 6.5 months of age, with gilts mated at their second or later estrus • Estrus detection should be carried out with direct boar contact • For the heat in which gilts will be mated, mating should occur soon after they are detected in heat and while they are in standing heat • Gilts that have been served should be limit fed until pregnancy is confirmed and then fed to body condition • Gilts should farrow at approximately 11 to 12 months of age. “Gilt development is an important aspect of sow farm productivity and attention to detail and consistent applications of fundamental gilt management practices should improve subsequent productivity and longevity,” concludes Bates. Bernie Peet is president of Pork Chain Consulting of Lacombe, Alberta, and editor of Western Hog Journal.

TABLE 1

GILT REPRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS FOR HERDS DIFFERING IN PIGS PER SOW PER YEARa HIGH

INTERMEDIATE

Pigs/sow/year

> 23.9

20.8-23.8

< 20.7

Age at mating (days)

242.9b

252.1b

261.4c

Farrowing rate, first mating (%)

89.0b

82.5b

75.9c

Farrowing rate for returns (%)

66.9b

66.4b

56.5c

No. born alive for 1st mating

10.6

9.8

9.9b

No. born alive to returns

10.3b

10.0bc

9.6c

LOW

Adapted from Kaneko and Koketsu, 2012. Means within a row with different superscripts differ (P<0.05).

b,c

FIGURE 1

FARROW RATE %

FARROWING RATE OF GILTS MATED AT DIFFERENT TIMES AFTER FIRST DETECTED ESTRUS 88 86

85.9

84 82 80

77.5

78 76 74 72

Immediate

Adapted from Kaneko and Koketsu, 2012.

Delay 6-12 hours

Delay 24 hours

} dissipated

ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA • DECEMBER 3, 2012

El Niño unlikely

Argentina wheat estimate cut

There is only a slim chance that El Niño weather conditions will develop before year-end, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) said Nov. 22. It earlier said El Niño conditions were likely, but have since declined. “The dissipation of El Niño-like sea surface temperatures during the Northern Hemisphere autumn is considered highly unusual, with no clear analogue in the historical record. The latest outlooks from climate models and expert opinion suggest that sea surface temperature and atmospheric anomalies are likely to now remain neutral for the remainder of 2012 and at least through the Northern Hemisphere spring of 2013,” the WMO said.

Argentina’s government cut this season’s wheat output forecast, citing three months of heavy rains that started in August and flooded key parts of the Pampas Farm Belt, the Agriculture Ministry said Nov. 22. Argentina is seen producing 11.1 million tonnes of wheat in the 2012-13 crop year, down from the government’s previous forecast of 11.5 million tonnes and from 15.5 million tonnes last year. “Yields, up to this point, are low,” it said, going on to explain that soggy Pampas conditions have made wheat more vulnerable than usual to pests and disease.

Weather instrument prices keep falling GOOD SELECTION } Increased demand for weather instruments

has led to more choices and more options

by daniel bezte

ach year around this time I like to take a look at weather-related gift ideas. I’m a little bit behind this year, but there is still plenty of time to order something weather related for that special person on your gift list. Personally, I think that Ambient Weather (www.ambientweather.com) has probably the most complete list of weather instruments available anywhere, so it is a good place to start looking. Where you end up buying from is totally up to you; I am in no way connected to Ambient Weather or any other supplier of weather-related equipment. Two things have been happening over the last five to 10 years that have helped to make weather instruments very affordable, and when you think about it, they both go hand in hand. The price of computer parts continues to get cheaper and cheaper. This has allowed companies that make computer-based weather instruments to not only make better products, but to make better products that are fairly inexpensive. The second driving force behind the lower prices is the increasing demand for these ins t ru me n ts . W it h ho m ebased weather instruments and weather stations becoming more and more popular, there has been a significant increase in the number of instruments and stations available. More competition almost always leads to better prices. That said, let’s take a look at what’s available this year.

Basic

If all you are looking for is a simple weather station that will give you the outdoor temperature, humidity and barometric pressure, you have plenty to choose from. The majority of these units comes with fairly impressive indoor consoles that easily display all the weather information. They will usually automatically record daily maximum and minimum temperatures and most will store and display around five days of

weather history. They all come with a minimum of one wireless outdoor sensor that can usually be placed upward of 100 feet from the indoor console, but what kind of distance you get all depends on which structures are between the indoor unit and the outdoor sensor. These stations typically cost anywhere from $25 to $50.

Full blown

For those of you who are looking for a full-blown weather station that records temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed and direction, and precipitation, I’m happy to say prices for these stations have probably come down the most. You can now get a decent starter station that offers all of this and also allows you to connect the station to your computer, for around $100. If you want to take it up a notch and get what is considered a highend home weather station, then you would be looking at purchasing a Davis or Oregon Scientific station. Both of these companies make good weather stations. My personal preference is Davis. I have been using its weather stations for nearly 15 years now and have had very few problems. These higherend weather stations are built better, record data more precisely, and download the data more often. They start in price at around $250 and can go all the way up to nearly $1,000. My personal recommendation for a weather station in this price range is to go with either a Davis Vantage Vue station or a Davis Vantage Pro2 station.

plenty of those available, ranging in price from around $30 up. I personally really like the brass-like instruments, such as the porthole-style barometers, thermometers and clocks. These instruments are designed to be used inside or out and can offer that touch of antique class. Finally, what I think might be one of the neatest weather instruments being offered at an affordable price — for around $50 you can get a watch that not only gives you the temperature, but will also tell you altitude, barometric pressure, sunrise and sunset, moon phases and tidal information, and has a built-in electronic compass along with a stopwatch. Now that is one heck of a watch!

Higher-end weather stations should yield more precise data and download the data more often. photo: davisnet.com

Portable or traditional

If a backyard weather station isn’t what you’re looking for, then maybe you might be interested in a portable hand-held weather station. These stations start around $30 and go up to over $100. These hand-held units will give you, at a minimum, temperature, wind speed and wind chill. The higher-end units will also give you humidity, dew point and heat index. For those of you who like the more traditional weather instruments, there are still

This map is created by Environment Canada, but I do a fair bit of tidying up of the data displayed to make it easier to read. Because of this, the data should be seen as giving you a general idea of how much snow there is across the Prairies. This is especially true for western Alberta into B.C., where snowfall data from Environment Canada is usually very difficult to interpret. Looking at the map you can see that over much of the central and northern regions, winter is well underway, with 10+ cm of snow cover in most areas.

DECEMBER 3, 2012 • ALBERTAFARMEXPRESS.CA

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