Volume 38, Number 4 | February 13, 2012
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PRACTICAL PRODUCTION TIPS FOR THE PRAIRIE FARMER
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5 tips for growing soybeans in a cool climate With new varieties for areas with shorter growing seasons, lots of farmers are considering soybeans for the first time in 2012. Brad Eggum has some production tips you can use BY BRAD EGGUM
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estern Canadian farmers have always had a keen interest in growing new crops. Pulses and oilseeds were few and far between 30 years ago where I farm in southeast Saskatchewan. Since then farmers have actively participated as new crops have been tested and refined to meet our environment and slowly worked into our mainstream rotations. Today pulses and oilseeds are the main drivers of wealth on most Prairie farms. This could be why soybeans are catching the eye of so many farmers. An oilseed crop that grows like a pulse should be very intriguing in its own right. Add to this the fact that soybeans are relatively simple to grow, harbour few diseases, drop-dead bulletproof for shattering and rarely have grading issues, and their allure grows. “Where in the world you can grow soybeans, you grow soybeans!” I’m not sure where I first read this quote, maybe 20 years ago, but it intrigued me immensely. Of course the perception has always been that north of the 49th parallel is not a place in the world to
grow this crop — that we don’t produce enough heat to nurture a tropical plant to maturity. So why have soybeans become more popular through southern Manitoba over the past decade, and why are they now pushing boundaries into Saskatchewan, Alberta and northern Manitoba? Varieties? Partially! Just as important are the agronomic practices behind these varieties — practices which will enhance success in areas with fewer heat units, or into zero till soils, which tend to be cooler. It’s been said to me that “If you want to fail at growing soybeans in Saskatchewan, just head down to Iowa and learn how to grow them.” This is not a slight against anyone involved in the production and agronomy of soybeans in Iowa. It simply alludes to the fact that there is lots of time and heat to mature the crop in that region, luxuries we don’t have here. We have to tweak the process to mature our crop in the allotted time. Presently, the earliest-maturing Roundup Ready soybean varieties fall into a range of 2350 to 2450 Crop Heat Units (CHUs). For many of us, this range of CHU accumulation is
PHOTOS: BRAD EGGUM
Brad Eggum’s soybean field near Halbrite, Sask. The yellow strip is a granular inoculant skip, planned as a test strip.
outside our normal window. However, these early varieties all have a varying degree of photo or daylight sensitivity. Finding the varieties with the most heightened photo sensitivities is very important. These varieties will still mature when less than
ideal CHUs are provided from the environment. Frankly, trial and error has been the method of choice to establish this trait. This trait is an important factor behind the respectable yields and maturity we’re seeing from certain varieties of soybeans in
In This Issue
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years when their needs for CHUs are not fully achieved. Once the selection of the cultivar is established, several other practices will enhance maturity and ultimately yields.
» CONTINUED ON PAGE 4
Wheat & Chaff ..................
2
Features ............................
5
Crop Adviser’s Casebook
7
Columns ........................... 22 Machinery & Shop ............ 28 Cattleman’s Corner .......... 32
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FarmLife ............................ 37
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