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Canadian farm groups want curbs on Agrium’s clout Agrium will get 232 supply stores in Glencore/Viterra deal
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Manitoba soils help NASA’s new gadgets take flight
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wo influential Canadian farm groups will urge the countr y’s Competition Bureau to scale back Agrium Inc.’s proposed purchase of Viterra Inc. assets, saying Agrium might become too powerful in the sale of fertilizer and other crop supplies. In a $6.1-billion deal, global commodities giant Glencore International PLC will buy V iterra, Canada’s biggest grain h a n d l e r, t h i s s u m mer, pending regulatory approval. It will then sell off some of Viterra’s parts to farm retailer and fertilizer producer Agrium and to privately owned Canadian grain handler Richardson International Ltd. The takeover itself faces little opposition from farmers, some of whom relish the global marketing
AAFC researchers help NASA calibrate new global soil moisture measuring satellite ahead of 2014 launch
This summer AAFC researchers will look to the skies over Manitoba as part of a global experiment to test methods for monitoring soil moisture from satellite information. By Daniel Winters
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rom June 7 to July 17, the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) will fly two piloted aircraft several times a week over an area of mixed agricultural and forested land from Portage la Prairie to Carman in south-central Manitoba. These aircraft will carry instruments similar to those onboard a satellite that NASA will launch in 2014. Heather McNairn, an Ottawa-based AAFC research scientist and principle investigator for the project, said her team’s work will involve pre-launch calibration and validation of the hightech equipment. “You want to make sure that the algorithms and models that you’re using are working properly so that the first data that comes down is usable data,” she said.
Once in space, NASA’s Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite will measure surface soil moisture and temperature that will be used to produce maps of global soil moisture, temperature and freeze/thaw states on a regular basis by bouncing microwaves off the surface of the Earth. These maps will help researchers monitor surface soil moisture conditions that affect agricultural production and update models used to predict crop yields. The new information will likely be made available via a freeaccess web portal. McNairn added that it could help Canadian producers make informed farm-operation decisions based on changing weather, water and climate conditions, and assist grain traders and governments in predicting global grain yields. The satellite will be able to measure surface soil moisture to a depth of five to 10 cm. Other testing will look at the
potential for modelling moisture down deeper as well, she said. Currently, data on soil moisture is “sparse.” The researchers will use an existing AAFC in-situ soil probe within the test area that covers depths from 20 cm, 50 cm, and one metre, to test how well the satellite equipment works. “NASA’s intent is to cover the whole Earth,” said McNairn, adding that the raw data will be made freely available globally to create “value-added” products showing surface and root zone soil moisture levels by region. For governments, the data could help pinpoint lost acres due to floods or drought. “It could be used for just about anything, such as determining in spring whether it’s the right time to seed or go on the field,” she said. “Then through the growing season, it could be used to look at issues around drought and crop yield potential.” During the field campaign, or validation experiment called SMAPVEX, scientists will be calibrating the models that will be used to estimate soil moisture from the satellite. To do this, scientists See NASA on page 6 »
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