M A R C H /A P R I L 2 0 1 3 • V O L U M E 1 5 , N U M B E R 2
THE MAGAZINE OF THE
FBI NATIONAL ACADEMY ASSOCIATES
A
S
S
O
C
INCREASED AFIS LATENT PRINT ACCURACY What it Means for Law Enforcement
I
A
T
E
PLUS:
Meet the Candidates for Section III Representative
FBI0313_Cover.indd 991
3/26/13 1:36 PM
FBI0313_C2.indd 992
3/21/13 12:06 PM
TABLE OF CONTENTS A
S
S
O
C
I
A
T
E
MARCH / APRIL 2013 • VOLUME 15 / ISSUE 2
18
COLUMNS 4 Association Perspective
Looking Back, Looking Ahead Doug Muldoon
22 Message from our Chaplain Hold Your Criticism It’s God’s job to judge, not ours. Billy Gibson
23 Historian’s Spotlight
The Brotherhood of Law Enforcement Three Florida siblings followed in their father’s footsteps and joined the family profession. Terry Lucas
24 Staying on the Yellow Brick Road
16
State of the Fit Challenge Program Updates to the FBI NA’s fitness program make an already good thing better.
FEATURES
10 Foundation Scholarships
16 Balanced Response
The University of Illinois Police Training Institute’s Use-of-Force Scale can be a valuable tool for recruit officer training.
John G. Van Vorst
EACH ISSUE 2 Executive Board 6 Chapter Chat 8 Alliances
Michael D. Schlosser
12
12 Improving AFIS
Increased AFIS latent print accuracy can allow your lab to concentrate scarce resources where they are most needed. Mike French
18 Meet the
Candidates Running for Section III Representative
Three FBINAA members are in contention for a spot on the National Board. Here are their campaign statements.
AD INDEX IFC 2 5 7 9 11 13 15 IBC BC
Kaplan University Trident University (TUI) MorphoTrak Quantico Tactical Troy University Justice Federal Credit Union American Military University Police Magazine University of Phoenix Police Magazine
w w w.f b i n a a.o r g
FBI0313_TOC.indd 1
1
3/27/13 11:03 AM
“Continuing Growth Through Training and Education�
EXECUTIVE BOARD
Representative, Section I—Johnnie Adams Support Operations Commander UCLA Police Department (CA) jadams@fbinaa.org Representative, Section II—Kevin Wingerson Operations Pasadena Police Department (TX) kwingerson@fbinaa.org
AA SS SS OO CC II AA TT EE The Magazine of the FBI National Academy Associates
Association President—Doug Muldoon Chief Palm Bay Police Department (FL) dmuldoon@fbinaa.org
Representative, Section III—Joey Reynolds Police Chief Bluffton Police Department (SC) jreynolds@fbinaa.org
Past President—Diane Scanga Captain/Academy Director Director of Public Safety Services Jefferson College (MO) dscanga@fbinaa.org
Representative, Section IV—Scott Dumas Deputy Chief Rochester Police Department (NH) sdumas@fbinaa.org
1st Vice President, Section IV—Laurie Cahill Detective Lieutenant Ocean County Sheriff’s Dpt. (NJ) lcahill@fbinaa.org
Chaplain—William C. Gibson Director (retired) S.C. Criminal Justice Academy (SC) wgibson@fbinaa.org
2nd Vice President, Section I—Joe Gaylord Protective Services Manager Central Arizona Porject (AZ) jgaylord@fbinaa.org
Historian—Terrence (Terry) Lucas Law Enforcement Coordinator U.S. Attorney - Central District (IL) tlucas@fbinaa.org
3rd Vice President, Section II—Barry Thomas Chief Deputy/Captain Story County. Sheriff’s Office (IA) bthomas@fbinaa.org
Executive Director—Greg Cappetta FBI NAA, Inc. Executive Office (VA) gcappetta@fbinaa.org
Enhance Your Career at Trident University Earn a Ph.D., Master’s or Bachelor’s Degree As an FBINAA member and law enforcement executive, you can earn a high-quality online Ph.D., Master’s or Bachelor’s degree. We have programs in Strategic Leadership, Criminal Justice Administration, Emergency and Disaster Management, Information Security, Public Management and more. At Trident, our unique online learning model fits your busy life style and allows you to develop the skills you need to enhance your life and profession, no matter where your career goals take you. Over 90% of our faculty have doctoral degrees and work closely with you every step of the way to help you achieve your degree. With every course you will find our support staff to be friendly and always ready to help.
Pursue Your Degree Online At Trident University $SSO\ 7R 7UDQVIHU <RXU )%,1$$ &UHGLWV /HDUQ $URXQG <RXU 6FKHGXOH &DVH EDVHG /HDUQLQJ
1R $GGLWLRQDO &RVW )RU 2QOLQH /LEUDU\ 5HGXFHG 7XLWLRQ )RU )%,1$$ 0HPEHUV +LJK 4XDOLW\ 2QOLQH *UDGXDWH 'HJUHHV
Call Or Email Us Today For A Credit Transfer Evaluation At No Charge Phone: 1-800-377-6140
Proud Academic Partner of FBI National Academy Associates
Business Administration
|
Email: rafael.itzhaki@trident.edu
For information about our graduation rates, median debt of students who completed our programs, and other important information, please visit our website at: http://www.trident.edu/academics/gainful-employment-disclosures/
Computer Sciences
|
Health Sciences
|
Information Technology
|
Education
2 M A RC H / A PR IL 2013
FBI0313_Board.indd 2
3/21/13 11:50 AM
M A R C H /A P R I L 2 0 1 3 VOLUME 15 ★ NUMBER 2
The National Academy Associate is a publication of the FBI National Academy Associates, Inc. Greg Cappetta / Executive Director/Managing Editor Ashley R. Sutton / Communications Manager © Copyright 2013, the FBI National Academy Associates, Inc. Reproduction of any part of this magazine without express written permission is strictly prohibited. The National Academy Associate is published bi-monthly by the FBI National Academy Associates, Inc., National Executive Office, FBI Academy, Quantico, VA 22135; phone: (703) 632-1990, fax: (703) 632-1993. The FBI National Academy Associates, Inc. is a private, non-profit organization and is not part of the Federal Bureau of Investigation or acting on the FBI’s behalf. Editorial submissions should be e-mailed to ashley Sutton at asutton@fbinaa.org. Submissions may vary in length from 500– 2000 words, and shall not be submitted simultaneously to other publications. The FBI National Academy Associates, Inc., the Executive Board and the editors of the National Academy Associate neither endorse nor guarantee completeness or accuracy of material used that is obtained from sources considered reliable, nor accept liability resulting from the adoption or use of any methods, procedures, recommendations, or statements recommended or implied. Photographs are obtained from stock for enhancement of editorial content, but do not necessarily represent the editorial content within.
Issue Jan/Feb Mar/Apr May/Jun Jul/Aug Sep/Oct Nov/Dec
DEADLINES Editorial Deadline 12/10 2/10 4/10 6/10 8/10 10/10
Mail Date 2/28 3/30 5/30 7/30 9/30 11/30
ADVERTISING CONTACTS Leslie Pfeiffer (West) (480) 367-1101 · Leslie.Pfeiffer@PoliceMag.com Susan Freel (East) (920) 397-7570 · Susan.Freel@PoliceMag.com Lori Branch · Production Manager (310) 533-2516 · Lori.Branch@bobit.com
On The Cover: Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFIS) still require human intervention, but their improved latent print accuracy allows earlier steps in the process to be semi-automated for greater efficiency. w w w.f b i n a a.o r g
FBI0313_Masthead.indd 3
3
3/21/13 11:51 AM
ASSOCIATION PERSPECTIVE
DOUG MULDOON
Looking Back, Looking Ahead
DEAR FELLOW GRADUATES:
W
ELL, the year is speeding ahead. It
seems like just yesterday we were in Grapevine, Texas, enjoying the hospitality of the Texas Chapter during our annual conference. The training was outstanding and the family time and events were superb. For those who did attend, you’ll remember Chairman Chris Vinson was able to secure as our banquet guest speaker Navy SEAL Chris Kyle. Kyle spoke about his life after serving our country and how he established a foundation to assist returning veterans. He also spoke about law enforcement personnel in the area, according to Chris Vinson. Kyle had written a book about his time in the service and being a sniper. The money raised from this book was being used to assist in his foundation efforts. Unfortunately, on Feb. 2, while assisting a fellow military veteran, Chris Kyle was shot and killed along with his friend Chad Littlefield. I communicated with Chris Vinson, who informed me that Chris Kyle was a huge Dallas Cowboys fan and that his memorial service would be held in Texas. More than 7,000 paid tribute to him. We can all be thankful we had the opportunity to hear his story firsthand. Our thoughts and prayers go out to his family. In January I had the opportunity to take my first trip as president and visited with the Georgia Chapter as they held their Annual Mid-Winter Training and Business Meeting in Macon. There were more than 200 members in attendance, which is close to half of the entire chapter. What a great turnout. Col. Danny McKnight provided the training and, as always, it was great to meet with the members. SAC Mark Giuliano and SA Felipe Den-Brok attended and provided support for this event. It was heartwarming to see many of the past presidents of the Georgia Chapter, but especially Scott Brunson. Last year, Scott suffered a major medical issue and at times it was uncertain if he would make it out of the hospital. In the true spirit of the National Academy, the Georgia Chapter stepped up last year and conducted fundraisers on Scott’s behalf. I was extremely happy to see Scott at this event. After having spent several months in hospitals in Georgia, he is now back to work and doing fine. As I write this we are preparing for the Annual Chapter Presidents / Secretary – Treasurer Meetings at the end of Feb-
ruary. I know that many of you are also preparing for your annual events as well as other events that are hosted more frequently. If you are in need of any updates for those meetings, please contact your board members and we will be more than happy to assist you in any way possible. I have attended or participated in the recent meetings of the Annual Re-trainer to be held in Orlando July 27–31. I believe that those attending will find an outstanding training program and a very enjoyable family event in the evening. I am looking forward to seeing many of you at Rosen Shingle Creek this July. As a reminder, please contact your session mates who may not have re-joined or have not yet joined this great association. Encourage them to be active and stay involved. If you have any suggestions for this board, please let me know. I also encourage you to find some business partners to become involved with our organization. The relationships we have historically built have been a win-win for everyone. Recently, new partner Sean Riley, founder and executive director of Safe Call Now, has teamed up with us. The organization provides a wellness program for emergency responders. Vice Presidents Joe Gaylord and Barry Thomas will be reporting on this program in the near future. This is another program to assist our members and the folks we work with. If you have ever lost a fellow officer or other co-worker who took his or her own life, it certainly has a whole different impact on you. As we continue to plunge ahead into 2013, let’s make the most of opportunities to improve our association and to become better law enforcement officers. ■ F B I N A A All the best and be safe! Sincerely,
Doug Muldoon Doug Muldoon, 2013 President
4 M A RC H / A PR IL 2013
FBI0313_AssociationPerspective.indd 4
3/21/13 11:53 AM
FBI0313_AssociationPerspective.indd 5
3/21/13 11:53 AM
CHAPTER CHAT The intent of this column is to communicate chapter news. Announcements may include items of interest such as member news, section activities, events, training calendar, special programs, etc. Refer to the editorial submission deadlines, particularly with date-sensitive announcements. Submit chapter news and high-resolution digital jpg or tif photos with captions to: Ashley Sutton, FBINAA, Inc., at asutton@fbinaa.org phone: (302) 644-4744 • fax (302) 644-7764
ARIZONA ★ The Arizona Chapter’s Southern Arizona Luncheon was held on Feb. 1 at the JW Marriott Starr Pass Resort. There was a great turnout for the event and we were lucky to have Dave “J.D. Buck Savage” Smith as our presenter. This was the first Chapter event that incoming president Jody Fanning presided over. He was able to officially thank Rich Benson who was stepping down as the board’s treasurer for several years. As usual, we also want to put out a big “Thank You” to Kathleen Robinson from Tucson PD for putting the luncheon together. Arizona: Trainer Dave “J.D. Buck Savage” Smith served as presenter at the Arizona Chapter’s Southern Arizona Luncheon on Feb. 1 at the JW Marriott Starr Pass Resort.
★ Finally, our thanks go out to outgoing president Mark Remsey for all of his work last year. “Past President” sounds pretty good, doesn’t it, Mark?
★ G.M. “Mike” Osterfeld, Session 130, passed away on January 21. Mike lived a life of service. After graduating high school, he enlisted in the Air Force. In the years to follow he served with the Phoenix Police Department, the Arizona Department of Public Safety, and as an assistant chief of police for the Avondale (Ariz.) Police Department. After leaving law enforcement, he served as the Estrella Mountain Justice of the Peace and the Buckeye Town Magistrate for 16 years. He is survived by his wife Darlene, two daughters, a son, and 10 grandchildren.
EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA ★ The Eastern Pennsylvania chapter hosted an Executive Board installation dinner and dance on Jan. 26 and themed it as an “Oldies Night.” Philadelphia Division FBI Training Coordinator Jerry Callaghan played the role of Elvis. Everyone had a great time—poodle skirts, greased back hair, and all.
★ The Prescott (Ariz.) Police Department recently announced the selection of Chief Jerald Monahan, Session 230, from the Apache Junction (Ariz.) Police Department as its new police chief. Monahan, a 31-year veteran of Arizona law enforcement, was also recently inducted as the new president of the Arizona Association of Chiefs of Police. Good luck with the new assignment, Jerald!
the Dunedin (Fla.) Police Department and 17 with the Pinellas County (Fla.) Sheriff’s Office.
HAWAII ★ Lt. Robert Cravalho, Session 244, retired from the Honolulu Police Department effective Nov. 30. He has taken the position of Security Director with the National Football League for the State of Hawaii. Congratulations, Bobby!
MONTANA/IDAHO ★ Bryan Lockerby, Session 200, recently retired after 30 years from the Great Falls Police Department and received an appointment by the Montana Attorney General to be the Administrator of the Montana Division of Criminal Investigation.
NEW YORK/EASTERN CANADA ★ Mark A. Spawn, Session 180, the retired chief of police from the City of Fulton, N.Y., moved to Los Angeles on March 17. He continues his work as the director of research and training for the New York State Association of Chiefs of Police. Spawn is the producer of APB: All Points Bulletin, an audio podcast series for law enforcement. ★ The County Longford Association of Greater New York has named Vincent J. Dougherty as this year’s guest of honor. Dougherty is a retired NYPD captain and a former commanding officer of the Brooklyn Narcotics Unit. He is a graduate of Session 98 of the FBI National Academy.
★ Chief Mike Kabbel, Session 229, retired at the end of last year from the Prescott (Ariz.) Police Department. Chief Kabbel joined the department in 1990 after a career in the Air Force. He eventually worked his way up to police chief in 2009. Congratulations.
★ Chief Dominick W. Giudice Jr., Session 178, of the Monroe (N.Y.) Police Department, has retired after 38 years of service. A retirement dinner was held on March 14 at Anthony’s Pier 9 Restaurant in New Paltz, New York. New York/Eastern Canada: Chief Dominick W. Giudice Jr., Session 178, of the Monroe (N.Y.) Police Department, has retired after 38 years of service.
FLORIDA ★ Congratulations to Robert Hardwick, Session 247, on becoming the new chief of the St. Augustine Beach (Fla.) Police Department. Arizona: Incoming chapter president Jody Fanning (right) thanks Rich Benson (left) for his years of service as the board’s treasurer.
★ Bruce Mills, Session 151, retired on Oct. 26 after 38.5 years in law enforcement—21.5 with
★ Edmund Hartnett, a 32-year veteran of law enforcement who served as commanding officer of the NYPD Intelligence Division during the 9/11 attacks and more recently as the commissioner of the Yonkers (N.Y.) Police Department, has been named the president of Brosnan Risk Consultants (BRC). Hartnett joined the NYPD in 1979, serving as a police
6 M A RC H / A PR IL 2013
FBI0313_ChapterChat.indd 6
3/21/13 12:14 PM
officer and sergeant in the South Bronx and Harlem before rising to the rank of deputy chief. He is the recipient of 36 NYPD medals. Commissioner Hartnett received a B.A. from Fordham University, a master’s degree in public administration from Marist College, and a certificate in police management from the Columbia Graduate School of Business. Hartnett participated in a law enforcement exchange program in Israel in 2011 with the Israeli National Police. He was also awarded the NYS and Eastern Canada Chapter’s prestigious Bart Hose Award for Excellence in Law Enforcement.
NORTHWEST ★ The Burnsville (Minn.) Police Department promoted Eric Gieseke, Session 248, to the position of chief of police on December 1.
ROCKY MOUNTAIN ★ This year’s Rocky Mountain Chapter annual conference will take place October 3‒4 at the Hilton Hotel in Laramie, Wyo.
SOUTH CAROLINA
TEXAS
★ Congratulations to Sheriff James R. Metts, Session 105, of the Lexington County Sheriff’s Department on becoming the longest-serving active sheriff in South Carolina with 41 years on the job!
★ There’s a new sheriff in town. Newly elected Henry Trochesset was sworn in Jan. 1 as sheriff of Galveston County, Texas. He is a National Academy graduate of Session 243 and a 29-year veteran of the sheriff’s office. He oversees more than 500 employees, sworn and non-sworn.
★ Congratulations to Chris White of the Columbia (S.C.) Police Department on his recent promotion to lieutenant. His new assignment is to assist in the development of the CPD Intelligence Unit. ★ Welcome to the following future South Carolina Chapter members. Session 252 – Graduating March 22: • Wayne Jamison, Columbia College Police Department • Rodney Keziah, Surfside Beach Police Department • Reuben Santiago, Columbia Police Department Session 253 – Graduating June 14: • J. J. Jones, Lexington County Sheriff’s Department • John Bishop, State Law Enforcement Division
★ Capt. Darrell Isaacks of the Galveston County (Texas) Sheriff’s Office was promoted to major. He is a National Academy graduate of Session 234 and a 27-year veteran of the Sheriff’s Office. He will oversee the Criminal Law Enforcement Bureau.
WISCONSIN ★ David Smetna was selected as the new Chief of Police for the Pleasant Prairie (Wis.) Police Department in January. He is a graduate of Session 233. ■ F B I N A A
w w w.f b i n a a.o r g
FBI0313_ChapterChat.indd 7
7
3/21/13 12:14 PM
STRATEGIC ALLIANCES
ACADEMIC ALLIANCES
A Strategic Ally and the official wireless provider of the FBINAA
St. Cloud State University University of Phoenix
Verizon Wireless One Verizon Way, Baskingridge, NJ 07920 (800) 295-1614 • www.verizonwireless.com
Strategic Ally and the “Official Supplier of Authentic Tactical Apparel and Gear” to the FBINAA
5.11 Tactical Series
3157 E. Elwood St. Phoenix, AZ 85034 (866) 766-0766 www.phoenix.edu
American Military University 10110 Battleview Pky., Ste. 114 Manassas, VA 20109 (703) 396-6437 www.amuonline.com
720 Fourth Avenue South St. Cloud, MN 56301 (320) 308-0121
www.stcloudstate.edu
Saint Leo University P.O. Box 6665 Saint Leo, FL 33574-6665 (813) 310-4365 www.saintleo.edu
4300 Spyres Way, Modesto, CA 95356 (209) 527-4511/Fax: (209) 527-1511 • www.511tactical.com
Bethel University 2900 Lebanon Pike, Suite 210 Nashville, TN 37214 (855) 202-6385
A Strategic Ally and the Official VISA of the FBINAA
Justice Federal Credit Union 5175 Parkstone Drive, Suite 200, Chantilly, VA 20151 800-550-JFCU • www.jfcu.org
A Strategic Ally and the Official Technical Provider of the FBINAA
www.bethelcj.edu
1 New Orchard Road Armonk, New York 10504-1722 800-426-4968 • www.ibm.com
Colorado Technical University
Herzing University Enterprise Learning A Strategic Ally of the FBINAA
5665 Plaza Dr., 3rd Floor Cypress, CA 90630 (714) 816-0366 x2019 www.tuiu.edu
Capella University 5705 Harpers Farm Road, Suite B Columbia, MD 21044-2555 (410) 772-0829 www.capella.edu/fbinaa
231 North Martingale Road Schaumburg, IL 60173 224.293.5580 www.coloradotech.edu
IBM Corporation
Trident University
W140N8917 Lilly Road Menomonee, WI 53051 PH: 414-755-9841 www.fbinaa.herzing.edu
Troy University 100 University Park Troy, AL 36082 (334) 670-5672 www.troy.edu/partnerships/fbinaa
University of Oklahoma College of Liberal Studies 1610 Asp St. Norman, OK 73072 (800) 522-4389 www.clsinfo@ou.edu
Innovative Data Solutions, Inc. 200 E. Robinson St., Suite 525, Orlando, FL 32801 800-749-5104 • www.imagineids.com
Kaplan University 6301 Kaplan University Ave. Fort Lauderdale, FL 33309 (866) 229-5944 www.fbinaa.kaplan.edu
Upper Iowa University P.O. Box 1861 Fayette, IA 52142 (888) 877-3742 www.uiu.edu
A Strategic Ally of the FBINAA
Quantico Tactical 253 Potomac Ave Quantico, VA 22134 703.630.2715 www.quanticotactical.com
Lewis University
Walden University
One University Parkway Romeoville, IL 60446 866-967-7046 www.online.lewisu.edu
650 South Exeter Street Baltimore, MD 21202 858.705.4165 www.waldenu.edu
CORPORATE ALLIANCES
8 M A RC H / A PR IL 2013
FBI0313_Alliances.indd 8
3/25/13 2:00 PM
LAW ENFORCEMENT IS NOT A JOB
IT’S A WAY OF LIFE
In-Demand Criminal Justice Degrees Including: Criminal Justice Cyber Security Homeland Security Visit www.TROY.edu or call 1-800-473-0975 to learn more about TROY’s Criminal Justice and Homeland Security Programs offered in class and online. Apply now. *For a complete list, and to check program availability in your area, visit www.troy.edu.
In class • Online • Within reach • www.troy.edu • Find us on:
Educate the mind to think, the heart to feel, the body to act.
FBI0313_Alliances.indd 9
TROY Motto 1887
3/25/13 2:01 PM
FOUNDATION SCOLARSHIPS T
he Charitable Foundation is pleased to announce 2012â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2013 collegiate year scholarship awards. We received an outstanding group of applications from FBINAA member children and grandchildren. Reviewing the applications, it soon became obvious, NA children are overachievers like their NA sponsors, making competition very keen. It is clear our future is in good hands. The following are the five $1,000 scholarship award winners:
Megan Brindley
Nicole Osmundson
Name
Sara Brandon
Chelsea Simon
Kai Sheets
Section
Chapter
Sponsor
Session
Megan Brindley
I
Utah
Carl Evans William Evans
105 59
Nicole Osmundson
II
Northwest
Todd Osmundson
203
Sara Brandon
III
S. Carolina
Richard Brandon
218
Chelsea Simon
IV
Maryland
Paul Simon
226
Kai Sheets
Ken Sheets Society of Former Agents of the FBI
We had an outstanding field of candidates for our first year of scholarship awards. We are already looking forward to the 2013â&#x20AC;&#x201C;2014 scholarship awards. Please feel free to contact me with any questions at youngb48854@gmail.com or 517-655-4222. Bob Young FBINAA Charitable Foundation Board Member
10 M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 3
FBI0313_Scholarships.indd 10
3/21/13 1:07 PM
FBI0313_Scholarships.indd 11
3/21/13 1:07 PM
Improving AFIS
Mike French
Increased AFIS latent print accuracy can allow your lab to concentrate scarce resources where they are most needed. IT IS APPARENT that AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems) have increased in accuracy over the years, and these improvements have brought increased efficiency, regardless of who is your AFIS provider. These AFIS improvements include not only tenprint but now also latent print auto-encoding capabilities (as well as improved latent matching). These improvements can give you the confidence to concentrate your latent expert-level staff where they are most effective and allow lesser-skilled staff to perform the first steps in the latent process, thereby improving efficiency while solving more crimes. Probably the most exciting possibility of this technology advancement is the ability to match latent prints in near-real time from the field, giving investigators immediate actionable intelligence.
Better Latent Matching THE NIST ELFT-EFS (Evaluation of Latent Fingerprint Technology-Extended Feature Set) tests are promoted by AFIS providers as good news for the law enforcement community. But what do these NIST test results actually mean for law enforcement day-to-day latent operations? NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) hosted the first Latent Testing Workshop in 2006. The workshop was conducted to canvass expert opinion in the area of evaluation of automated latent fingerprint matching algorithms. At that time, the autoencoding technology could not equal the
Image Only
Image + Extended Feature Set
AFIS can efficiently link latent prints lifted as evidence at crime scenes with inked prints on file by using advanced matching logorithms. Both image-only searching and human feature markup have their place.
skill of even a non-expert. Today, that gap is closing. Two rounds of Extended Feature Set latent evaluation tests have followed that first 2006 workshop, in 2009 and 2012. According to the ELFT-EFS Evaluation #1 Final Report, “One of the purposes of ELFT-EFS is to determine the extent to which human feature markup is effective. There is a need to know when image-only searching is adequate and when the additional effort of marking minutiae and other features is appropriate.” The chart below, reproduced from Evaluation #2, shows the search results in which the AFIS algorithm found the matching print in the #1 position of the match results. The ELFT test included
Provider
No value (average 4 minutiae)
Limited value (average 8 minutiae)
Valuable (average 25 minutiae)
Average of all latent prints (no value, limited value, value)
A B C A B C
20.0% 8.0% 8.0% 20.0% 12.0% 20.0%
34.5% 28.3% 30.1% 35.4% 31.0% 35.4%
72.6% 68.4% 70.8% 75.9% 76.2% 77.1%
67.2% 63.0% 65.0% 70.2% 69.9% 71.4%
seven tests; the chart on this page contains the results of the two tests that best reflect real-world search practices: searches of the image only, and of the image plus extended feature set, i.e. expert markup (minutiae, ridge counts, cores/ deltas, pattern class plus ridge quality maps, creases, dots, pores, and other identifiers). For the top three AFIS providers MorphoTrak, NEC, and Cogent, the results for “Valuable” latent prints ranged from 68.4% to 77.1% of matching prints returned in the #1 position. As can be seen in the “No value” column of the chart shown at left, one surprising finding was the effectiveness of AFIS in obtaining hits on poor-quality latent prints that experts had predetermined to be of “no value” and not worth searching. For example, the matching print was found in the #1 position for 20% of those images by provider A: MorphoTrak. Other providers obtained results that were not as good, but still encouraging. The lesson learned here is that such latent prints may be worth searching after all. While these “No Value” latent prints cannot be used to justify an arrest or used in court to prove identifica-
12 M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 3
FBI0313_AFIS.indd 12
3/21/13 11:58 AM
“IAMULOOKED TO A LEADER. is where experience and academics intersect.” Chief Joel Hurliman | Graduate, School of Security and Global Studies AMU stands shoulder-to-shoulder with the law enforcement community. As a 32-year police veteran and retired Army National Guard Master Sergeant, Chief Hurliman knows it takes street smarts and book smarts to address today’s complex public safety challenges. He joined AMU based on academic partnerships such as the FBI National Academy, faculty who have worn the badge, and a community of like-minded peers, each dedicated to protecting and serving our nation.
Learn More at www.PublicSafetyatAMU.com/associate-mag
Stay connected with the issues facing law enforcement and public service professionals at www.InPublicSafety.com FBI0313_AFIS.indd 13
3/21/13 11:58 AM
Improving AFIS tion, they could enable an examiner to declare that a latent cannot be excluded as coming from an individual. They could therefore be useful for the investigator as a lead and the first step in linking by other means a Person of Interest to the investigation.
Doing More with Less ACHIEVING “lights-out” latent AFIS capability has been a goal of the NIST ELFTEFS test since the outset. The term “lights out” in this case refers to a system where AFIS completes the feature extraction, performs the search, and makes the hit/no-hit decision without human intervention. Is it now possible? No, full latent print automation “lights out” is still not recommended. However, the results of Evaluation #2 in the chart on the previous page suggest that you can operate in a semi-automated mode for the first steps of the process. If you use auto encoding and auto search “image-only” searches, you can free up resources to concentrate your most-skilled staff where they are most effective. You probably have three levels of proficiency within your latent fingerprint unit: • A beginning fingerprint analyst, able to interpret a latent print at basic level and enter it into an AFIS • An intermediate level fingerprint analyst, capable of analysis, comparison, and evaluation of routine latent print images • An expert, able to work with the most difficult latent print images and offer decisions across a wide spectrum of casework Improved auto-encoding AFIS capability means that the initial stages of the AFIS process (cropping the latent from the evidence, encoding automatically, and submitting the search) will not require the same skill level as the second part of the process (manual edit of the encoding and verification of search results). This allows you to manage your resources so that latent prints are encoded automatically, searched without any editing by a junior level analyst, and edited by the more skilled expert only when the image-only search results in a “no-hit” and the case merits an additional review.
The Human Touch THE INCREASE in AFIS accuracy has been accompanied by a decrease in the average number of candidates reviewed by latent examiners. AFIS technology im-
provements have simultaneously increased hit rate and productivity. But we must not eliminate the human verification step that confirms a match. Fully automatic search and verification may miss a number of matches, although that number is becoming fewer and fewer as the technology improves. You will want to review image-only nomatch searches on a case-by-case basis,
While this high-quality latent would be searched, even “no-value” latent prints may be worth searching in AFIS as possible investigative leads.
according to your agency’s predefined business rules as required. Additionally, with the current emphasis on elimination of bias in determining search results, freeing up your expert resources in the latent encoding stage will allow you to invest more time in double blind verification to detect false positives and false negative errors.
Real-World Tests YOU MAY ARGUE that the NIST tests are “lab results” and not truly indicative of real-world operations. So what about real-world results? A MorphoTrak customer recently analyzed the performance of auto-encoding vs. expert manual encoding. Using a three-year-old AFIS system, this lab evaluated a total of 593 latent hits obtained with manually encoded latent prints. Of those hits, 521 (87.9%) of the matching prints were ranked within the top 10 respondents of the search results. The customer then resubmitted all the images for automatic encoding. The result was a 62% hit rate (368 hits), where
the matching prints were ranked within the top 10 of the search results. When the customer added manual encoding to the remaining prints, the result was another 142 hits. Together these results nearly equal the results for full manual encoding. Subsequent rounds of manual encodings yielded the remaining hits. From NIST ELFT-EFS, and now real-world tests, the implication is clear: If auto-encoding latent prints can achieve 70% of the matches as with expert manual encoding, then your expert latent staff can confidently concentrate on the difficult cases, while AFIS and the junior analysts handle the first steps of the latent search process. That is exactly what this MorphoTrak customer has done. And keep in mind that these results were on the previous generation of MorphoTrak matchers. Today’s algorithms are more accurate—giving even better results. I encourage you to perform similar tests of your own AFIS. You may be surprised at the result, and it might give you the confidence to rely on AFIS latent auto-encoding to reduce your latent unit workload. Allowing your AFIS to perform latent auto encoding and search can help you because it: • Is effective. • Is fast and easy. • Gives a less skilled expert the opportunity to gain experience while contributing to the unit’s productivity. • Allows the more skilled but scarce expert to concentrate on the most difficult latent prints or important cases. • Can provide solid leads for further investigation on difficult “No Value” latent prints. Latent print examiners will continue to be essential to the analysis and evaluation of match results. However, research and real-world results have shown that we can improve efficiency up to five fold by streamlining and eliminating some of the initial casework steps. We can also start to provide investigators with near real-time suspect information from this improved technology. ■ F B I N A A
V
Mike French, a certified latent print examiner, advises and validates new applications and products for forensic, defense intelligence, and civil applications. He also conducts expert training and supports AFIS research and development at MorphoTrak. In addition, French serves on the Journal of Forensic Identification Editorial Review Board and the International Association for Identification latent print identification subcommittee.
14 M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 3
FBI0313_AFIS.indd 14
3/21/13 11:58 AM FBI0912policemagha.indd 1
POLICE Magazine Leading by example POLICE is dedicated to providing law enforcement officers of all ranks with information that will help them do their jobs more efficiently, professionally and safely.
20% Savings for all FBI NAA Members - - -
Visit www.PoliceMag.com/FBINAA and Subscribe Today. 速
FBI0313_AFIS.indd 15 FBI0912policemagha.indd 1
3/21/13 11:58 AM 9/11/12 1:56 PM
PHOTO: ©ISTOCKPHOTO.COM
BALANCED RESPONSE The University of Illinois Police Training Institute’s Use-of-Force Scale can be a valuable tool for recruit officer training. MICHAEL D. SCHLOSSER
T
here have been many debates in recent years on the usefulness of use-of-force continuums for police training. The University of Illinois Police Training Institute uses the Use-of-Force Scale in recruit officer training. Although this concept is not perfect, it is an excellent training tool for police recruit officers, if the training is conducted properly. Most recruits enter the academy with no knowledge of proper use of force when effecting an arrest or when to use deadly force. A use-of-force scale provides some context for basic understanding of use of force.
The Scale THE POLICE TRAINING INSTITUTE created its Use-of-Force Scale so that recruits could more easily understand the balance between use-of-force tactics and the assailant’s actions. For each level of resistance (on the left scale), there are tactics (on the right scale) that would balance out the resistance with tactics. Knowing that things happen quickly, it would be impossible to keep the scale perfectly balanced. However, if you look at the top of the scale, you will see there is a little wiggle room. The black line at the top center of the scale should stay within the white area, leaving some room on either side. The Use-of-Force Scale is actually helpful in avoiding the discourse that continuums have with the appearance of moving up and down the various levels of force. However, even
when using the scale, it is important to explain that it is not necessary to start at the bottom of the scale and move up. The officer should be able to go anywhere on the scale in an instant. Yet as the situation evolves, it is possible for the officer to move either up or down the scale as necessary. An officer may have to transition from a cooperative cuffing technique to a deadly force technique, if the arrestee suddenly displays a handgun. Officers may escalate or de-escalate use of force based on the assailant’s actions. Therefore, it is critical that scenario-based training be brought into the curriculum. It is truly the practice of using force that will enhance the recruit officers’ abilities and confidence.
Understanding the Law IN ORDER TO PROPERLY IMPLEMENT a use-of-force scale into the training, it is important to emphasize what the courts look at in determining proper use of force vs. excessive use of force. For this we bring in the basic tenets of Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386 (1989); (1) reasonable and necessary; (2) reasonable officer; (3) totality of circumstances, which includes the severity of the crime; (4) officer’s perception at that moment; and (5) no 20/20 hindsight vision, knowing that circumstances evolve quickly and officers have to make split-second decisions. When discussing these basic tenets, recruit officers tend to come up with a lot of “what ifs.” As veteran officers know, there are very few “always” and “never.” If three different officers
16 M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 3
FBI0313_Force.indd 16
3/21/13 11:59 AM
responded to the same resistive subject, each could respond with different tactics and all could be reasonable. It is just as important to facilitate the discussion as it is to answer questions. This will assist the recruits in becoming critical thinkers. Police work is not a black-and-white profession; police officers must have knowledge and common sense. After discussing the court’s criteria, it is important to go over the use-of-force laws for police officers in the state in which you are teaching. Every recruit should understand what the law determines as proper use of force. Each recruit needs to learn his or her own department’s use-of-force policy. Different police agencies have varying policies with different limitations. Once the recruit has basic knowledge of Graham v. Connor, state law, and the department’s policy, then it is time to begin discussing the Use-of-Force Scale. Begin discussing the Use-of-Force Scale with a definition of each level and the varying tactics acceptable for each level. Following are the basic definitions of each level: • Cooperative Person: Is, or can be developed into a cooperative subject. • Passive Resister: Does not comply with the officer, but exhibits no resistive movement. • Active Resister: Exhibits resistive behavior to avoid physical control. • Aggressive Assailant: Action is aggressive and demonstrates behavior that is likely to cause physical injury. • Deadly Force Assailant: Action is likely to cause death or great bodily harm. As trainers go through the levels within the Use-of-Force Scale, it is important to continually refer to the basic tenets of Graham v. Connor and facilitate discussion based on various examples or scenarios.
discussing likely force options, you will create a much better learning environment. You cannot just tell your recruit that since these are the options of force at the active resistance level on the Use-ofForce Scale, you can choose any or all. You must go back to the Graham v. Connor criteria. As the various scenarios are discussed, ask the class questions like, “Would that be reasonable and necessary?” “Is that something a reasonable officer would do?” “What circumstances make you think that?” “What do you think the officer’s perception was at that moment?” And finally, “What would you need to include in your report to support your decision for your use-of-force option?” The active resister makes an excellent example for this discussion because of the many options for response that are available. However, it is important for the trainer to use this same strategy for all levels of force.
Scenario Training THE PROBLEMS with the traditional useof-force continuum usually enter at the active resister level. When an arrestee is actively resisting the officer, there are numerous tactics that can be applied according to active resister tactics. These include control holds, pressure point controls, takedowns, electronic control devices, pepper spray, and other measures. However, depending on the circumstances, some tactics would be reasonable and some would not. This is where common sense comes in. Facilitating discussions with recruit officers using scenarios will enhance the learning process in regards to proper vs. excessive use of force. For example, a scenario involving a 6 feet 6 inches tall, aggressive, intoxicated athletic male resisting arrest would fall into the active resister level. However, so would a 5-foot-tall elderly female resisting arrest while holding onto her walker. It is common sense that the type and amount of force used in these two different scenarios would likely be very different. Although these two examples are extreme, it is good to talk through many scenarios providing as much of the “totality of circumstances” as possible. Circumstances could be age, size, gender of suspect or officer; number of officers present; numbers of suspects present; history of suspect (if known); what is being said by the suspect; any weapons involved; crime being arrested for; surroundings; and other factors. By creating scenarios with the recruits and
Before discussing the deadly force assailant it is important to first discuss Tennessee v. Garner, 471 U.S. 1 (1985). It is this case that is most significant for police officers who are faced with deadly force situations. Tennessee v. Garner tells us “Where the officer has probable cause to believe the suspect poses a threat of serious harm, either to the officer or to others, it is not constitutionally unreasonable to prevent escape by using deadly force.” Another useful training tool involves the use of police videos. When watching the videos, it is important to inform the class that they should try to put themselves in the subject officer’s shoes and remind them they may not understand completely the officer’s perception at the moment. Classroom learning is an important first step in understanding use of force. However, applying this knowledge requires hands-on, scenario-based training. This should be brought in on the mats with recruits working together as officer-arrestee, providing various levels of resistance. ■ F B I N A A Michael Schlosser retired from the Rantoul (Ill.) Police Department at the rank of lieutenant. He is currently director of the University of Illinois Police Training Institute, and the lead control and arrest tactics instructor. Schlosser holds a Ph.D. in education from the University of Illinois. w w w.f b i n a a.o r g
FBI0313_Force.indd 17
17
3/21/13 11:59 AM
Meet the Candidates Running for Section III Representative Three FBINAA members are in contention for a spot on the National Board. Here are their campaign statements. ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ Joe Hellebrand Chief, Operations & Public Safety/Chief of Police Canaveral Port Authority Port Canaveral Police Department Florida Chapter I AM HONORED to be a candidate for the Section 3 Representative for the National Board and the 13 Chapters Section 3 represents; Alabama, DC, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Latin America/Caribbean, Maryland/Delaware, Mississippi, North Carolina, Puerto Rico, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia. After graduating from the Police Academy in April of 1979, I began my career in law enforcement with the Melbourne, Florida Police Department. In March of 2009 the department had grown to 175 sworn officers and after serving almost 30 years, I retired as the Deputy Chief of Police to accept the position as Chief of Police with the Canaveral Port Authority. At that time the Port Authority contracted law enforcement services to our local Sheriff’s Office and security services to several civilian contractors. I was hired as the Port’s first Police Chief with the mission of creating a new police department from the ground up, a police department that would become Florida’s first seaport police department. Over the past four years the Sheriff’s Office and local contractors were phased out as our officers transitioned in. The department is now fully staffed and has grown to 36 sworn officers and 80 total employees. With home ported cruise ships from Disney, Carnival and Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines, Port Canaveral has become the second busiest cruise port in the world, in addition to being home to the Naval Ordnance Test Unit, the Trident Sub Basin and the Canaveral Air Force Station. The department is currently in the process of attaining accreditation through the Commission for Florida Law Enforcement Accreditation and is on schedule to be fully accreditated by October of 2013. I have a Bachelors Degree in Public Administration from Barry University and a Masters Degree in Criminal Justice from the University of Central Florida. In addition to gradu-
ating from the 197th session of the FBI National Academy, I attended the 56th Session of the FBI’s Law Enforcement Executive Development Course (LEEDS); the Florida Department of Law Enforcement’s Executive Institute and have attended over 4000 hours of law enforcement training and leadership development. Over the course of my career I was fortunate to have served in a variety of positions to include Police Officer, Field Training Officer, Canine Officer, Swat Officer/Team Leader, Sergeant, Lieutenant, Emergency Services Team Commander, SWAT Team Commander, Operations Bureau Commander, Support Services Bureau Commander, Deputy Chief of Police, and in 2009, Chief of Police. I have had the privilege of holding a position of leadership since being promoted to Sergeant in October of 1986. I am a certified instructor for the Florida Police Standards and Training Commission, an Adjunct Professor for Florida Institute of Technology, and serve as an assessor for the Commission on Accreditation of Law Enforcement Agencies (CALEA). In addition to being the Immediate Past President of the FBI National Academy Associates Florida Chapter, I am also the President of the Brevard County Association of Chiefs of Police, an Advisory Board Member for Keiser and Kaplan Universities Criminal Justice Program, the Chairman of the Central Florida Law Enforcement Data Consortium and a Board Member for the Center for Law Enforcement Technology, Training and Research. Like many of you, I often say that attending the FBI National Academy has been the highlight of my professional career. My eleven weeks in Quantico in the spring of 1999 was a rewarding experience that continues today. The relationships I have been able to form, both professionally and personally over the past 14 years has provided me with one opportunity after another and is undoubtedly, greatly responsible for the position I am in today. My desire to serve this organization is as strong as ever, and if elected, I can promise you that I will work with each chapter in Section 3 keeping you informed, addressing any questions or concerns that may arise and ensuring your Chapter’s voice is heard at the National level. After graduating from the National Academy, I continued
18 M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 3
FBI0313_Candidates.indd 18
3/26/13 1:33 PM
my involvement with the Florida Chapter and was appointed as an Area Representative. Over the years I have had the pleasure of serving on the 2002 and 2008 State Conference Committees, the 2005 and 2013 Annual Training Conferences, organized Association events throughout the State and in 2008 I was elected to the State Executive Board as a Vice President. Over the past five years I have served through the Chairs to the President of the Florida Chapter in 2012. Additionally, I currently serve on two ad-hoc committees for the National Board, the Constitution and Bylaws Committee and the Space Working Group Committee, both of which play an integral role in our Association’s future. As a Committee member for the 2013 Annual Training Conference being held in Orlando, I have had the opportunity to travel throughout Section 3 and have met many of you at conferences or other events. In those travels, I had two goals in mind. The first was to promote the 2013 conference and provide updates on the scheduled events; the second was to ask questions and to be an active listener, to find out what it is you wanted to see in your Section Representative and your National Board. I appreciate the hospitality you have shown me, your time and your invaluable insights. I came away from those trips with three re-occurring themes, themes I now consider priorities. The first was the need to update our Constitution and Bylaws, particularly when it comes to the ability to vote electronically. The process to change the Constitution is a difficult one, which is in great part the reason we have not kept up with advances in technology. Not everyone is able to attend Annual Training Conferences with less than 15% of our membership in attendance. Combine that with the busy schedule of the conference, family obligations, and the reality that not everyone will go and physically cast a vote, we are left with a system where a small minority may decide the success or failure of an important initiative or who represents you on the National Board. It is time for a change and the Constitution and Bylaws committee I serve on is working towards that goal. The second was the importance of developing public/private partnerships at the chapter level and a desire for additional member benefits. Although the Executive Office has done a great job in developing our strategic partners nationally, individual chapters are looking to the Executive Office to create more opportunities at their level, to leverage the power of 18,000 active members worldwide in more innovative ways in order to bring additional resources to the chapters. Additional-
ly, members wanted that same strategy of leveraging the power of our membership to be used in gaining additional member benefits, particularly from the national strategic partners. Third was the importance of family and a desire to see more family events at Annual Training Conferences at a reasonable cost. Everyone understands it costs money to host a conference, but some feel that too much importance is placed on profit, rather than affordability. It has become increasingly more difficult for departments to send members, particularly multiple members to these conferences, but the members (and their families) still want to attend. What many have done in response; is to use the conference as their family vacation and absorb some of the cost themselves, which increases the need for affordable family events. Although this election is for the Section 3 Representative, it is important to recognize you will also be electing your 2021 Association President. This position comes with a nine year commitment through the chairs of the Executive Board, a commitment that I would not only accept if elected, but one that I eagerly seek. I believe that I have the character, integrity and leadership abilities that are necessary to lead an organization as respected and successful as the FBI National Academy Associates, and combined with my enthusiasm, energy and insatiable desire to serve this great organization, I can promise you; dedicated service at the highest possible levels with the best interest of the FBI National Academy Associates always at heart. I look forward to speaking with many of you in Orlando this coming July, and would sincerely appreciate your vote as the 2013 Section 3 Representative, thank you. ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ Joe Monroe Chief of Police University of Kentucky Police Department Kentucky Chapter GREETINGS my fellow National Academy brothers and sisters, It is with great pleasure that I have formally announced my candidacy to run for the Section III Representative to the FBINAA Executive Board in the 2013 election. I have been fortunate to have already begun to travel around to the different chapters within Section III and meet with many of you at your respective training conferences and business meetings. Through these opportunities I have been able to listen to your w w w.f b i n a a.o r g
FBI0313_Candidates.indd 19
19
3/26/13 1:33 PM
concerns and ideas on how to improve our association. I was very blessed to be given the opportunity of a lifetime to attend the FBI National Academy and graduate from the 220th Session in March 2005. Since that time I have been extremely active in the FBI National Academy Associates on the state, regional, and national levels. In 2009 I served as the treasurer for the Annual Conference in Louisville and was instrumental in obtaining corporate sponsorships that assisted in making the conference a huge financial success. I continue to serve on the Kentucky Chapter Executive Board as the Secretary-Treasurer and one of the original members of the By-Laws and Policy Committee for the National Executive Board. I have also served as the Conference Host and held committee chair positions for the International Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators. I am actively involved with FBI LEEDA and its Executive Board. It is my strong leadership skills and experience that make me the ideal candidate to serve on the Executive Board and represent the FBINAA and its members. The FBI National Academy was one of the best experiences of my life that I have not forgotten and it has instilled in me the pride and integrity to continue to lead the FBINAA into the future. I believe very strongly in the FBINAA and its members and feel that if elected I can: • work to enhance the benefits for the membership through new innovative partnerships and programs that benefit both active and retired members • work to increase our membership enrollments by giving back more to our members • continue to improve the communication and relationships between the chapters and the National Office • focus on using modern technology to improve the business operations of the Association • continue to develop and maintain partnerships to increase outside revenue If elected to serve you, I will ensure the members of the FBINAA are properly represented and their voices are heard at the Executive Board meetings. You have my word that I am always readily available to assist any member in developing and preparing our organization for the future. I believe in the development of positive working relationships and creating lasting partnerships of cooperation. I will build upon the foundation to continue the success of the FBINAA for many years to come. I want to thank you for your consideration, support, and the trust you will give me as your candidate for the Section III
Representative position on the Executive Board. It will be my extreme honor to serve as your representative to ensure that the FBINAA continues to grow and develop to higher levels of service to all of our members. I would appreciate your vote to serve you on the Executive Board for the years to come. For those members attending the FBINAA Annual Conference in Orlando, Florida, stop by my booth in the Exhibition Hall and meet with me. I look forward to seeing you there! BIO Joe Monroe was named University of Kentucky Chief of Police in November of 2009 following a three-year tenure as the department’s Interim Chief of Police. His police career began at Transylvania Department of Public Safety in 1991. On April 4, 1994 Monroe became an officer with the UK Police Department and has advanced through the ranks, serving as a detective, sergeant, lieutenant and major. During Monroe’s leadership tenure, the department has experienced many advancements: an increase in the number of officers; developed a task force to address underage drinking to reduce student deaths related to alcohol; enhanced technology by outfitting each police officer with mobile data terminals to improve communication and response times; updated communications and 911 equipment; moved to fully electronic report taking procedures; implemented “green” sustainability initiative for the department including procurement of two electric motorcycles for patrol; increased training and preparedness; improved relationships with the campus and Lexington communities, which included establishing the Citizen’s Police Academy. Chief Monroe also developed the first Protestor Device Extraction Team by a university police agency in the country. He was one of the founding members of the UK Police Special Response Team. He serves as a developer and trainer for the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Office for Domestic Preparedness training programs and has been a consultant for Department of Justice and since 2000. Monroe has a passionate interest and focus on leadership development of his staff. While at UK he has been able to re-energize the police department and advance its reputation as a respected police department through training, discipline, accountability, and stimulating creativity and growth. Chief Monroe holds a bachelor’s degree in medical management from Carson-Newman College and is a graduate of the Criminal Justice Executive Development Program (CJED), School of Strategic Leadership (SSL), International Associa-
20 M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 3
FBI0313_Candidates.indd 20
3/26/13 1:33 PM
tion of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators Executive Development Institute, and the FBI National Academy Session # 220, FBI LEEDS # 71 and is completing his Masters degree in Criminal Justice from Eastern Kentucky University. Feel free to contact Joe at joe.monroe@uky.edu. ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ Michael A. Spochart Captain United States Capitol Police District of Columbia Chapter DEAR FELLOW GRADUATES of the Greatest Professional Law Enforcement Network in the World – the FBI National Academy Associates: FBINAA Section III members will elect their next Section III Representative in Orlando, Florida, July 27-31, 2013 at the FBINAA Annual Conference. I acknowledge that you may not be able to be present at the annual conference in order to cast your vote and I wanted to let you all know that no matter the outcome, you each will still have a friend in DC … I believe we can further improve upon our Association. I envision improved FBINAA products, services, training and technical assistance. I look forward to highlighting our members and their innovative Community Building initiatives, increasing public/private community partnerships, overcoming challenges of researcher/practioner partnerships in order to provide more efficient research programs, and implementing transparent community outreach programs in an effort to reduce crime or combat terrorism. Through our Association we will continue to network and meet the FBINAA mission in an everchanging threat environment, will leverage partnerships and will achieve unity of purpose. KNOWLEDGE - Mike understands the strength in people making the difference. COURAGE - Proven track record of managing projects and initiatives on the national and international levels. INTEGRITY - Preserving communication and unity of purpose in Session 230 as President, the DC Chapter as an Executive Board member and Section III as a prospective advocate and the Association as a whole As a member of the FBINAA Executive Board’s Constitution and Bylaws Committee, I am personally interested in reevaluating our Association’s Constitution and Bylaws in an ef-
fort to include all FBINAA members to be able to vote for a prospective President via E-ballot online. In this day and age, many members are not able to afford a trip to the Annual Conference, but why shouldn’t they be able to have a direct say in the future of their association. For those who may be present at the 2013 Annual conference and chose to support me, I sincerely thank you in advance for your support and look forward to coordinating our future together. With historical statistics being of the following, every single vote is extremely important: • Approximately 2,500 individuals attend a FBINAA Annual Conference • Approximately 200 individuals vote for a Section Representative I learned early in my professional career that you never know who knows who. It is for this reason that I reach out to you today. Please feel free to pass this information along to your friends and colleagues across the nation and more specifically to those in FBINAA Section III. The more this information gets out, the better I may be in meeting those with whom I may potentially and appropriately one day have the distinct honor to advocate for … If you are able to make it to this year’s Annual Conference, please ensure you stop me in passing and say hello. I look forward to seeing you … If you are on Facebook, please feel free to visit my page ‘Elect Michael A. Spochart for FBINAA Section III Representative’ and like it. Please feel free to share your thoughts and comments on the wall. I sincerely appreciate the potential support! My intention in the social media scene is not for Mike Spochart to talk about Mike Spochart, but others to be talking about Mike Spochart. You may also follow me on Twitter at ‘Spochart4FBINAA’ … My door remains open, please let me know if you have any additional suggestions, recommendations, criticisms, etc. I am not perfect and not certainly too big to take the criticisms. It’s all about your vision for where we should go and how we can better improve for the betterment of our field of law enforcement. I thank you each for everything that you continue to do for law enforcement as a whole. Without you, our field of law enforcement would not be as successful as it is. With you, we can achieve anything, but together, we can achieve everything. With much respect and admiration … Your friend in DC … …Michael ■ FBINA A w w w.f b i n a a.o r g
FBI0313_Candidates.indd 21
21
3/26/13 1:33 PM
MESSAGE FROM OUR CHAPLAIN
B I L LY G I B S O N
Hold Your Criticism IT’S GOD’S JOB TO JUDGE, NOT OURS.
I
recently conducted a “Celebration of Life” service for a dear and personal friend. As I contemplated what scripture I would use and what I would have to say about him, I could not help but think about all of his positive character traits. The one I remember most was his ability to assist others who had made bad decisions and mistakes without ever being critical of them. He just had a way of helping people overcome these errors of judgment in a positive way. What a wonderful legacy. Do you remember the last time you made a bad decision or a mistake? There is a difference, you know. Most of the time, we have put some thought and research into our bad decision process, but our mistakes just come naturally in our everyday activities. There are occasions when our bad decisions and mistakes have serious consequences, but in most cases they can be corrected and overcome. The secret lies in how we react to these errors in judgment and perhaps more importantly, how others react to them. We live in an extremely critical world, and to criticize others is a way of life for a great percentage of our population today. To support that statement, I invite you to think about the American election process. Candidates spend millions upon millions of dollars on ads that criticize one another. They are convinced this is what voters want to hear and what is needed to get elected. Unfortunately, this may be true. After all, we thrive on the negative more than the positive. Do you think people would watch the news if there were nothing but positive and good news? Probably not. Why do we do these things? Why do we find it necessary to be so critical? I think I can shed some light on this matter. While there are many ways to define criticism, the word usually means to speak poorly of a person when he or she is not present. We know it’s wrong and destructive but we do it anyway. However, because we know it’s wrong we make every attempt to disguise it and make it more palatable. We say things like, “I know I shouldn’t say this, but….” You get my drift. There are many other reasons we use to justify our criticism of others. Sometimes we feel that by criticizing others, we build ourselves up. To minimize our neighbors is to maximize ourselves. Some do it to impress their friends, while others just jump on the bandwagon to join the team. Some do it because they have been hurt and want to take it out on others. And believe it or not, some criticize others because they just enjoy doing it. When we find it necessary to be so critical of others, we are playing God as we attempt to judge their actions. James 4: 11-17 puts it this way. “Brothers, do not slander one another. Anyone who speaks against his brother or judges him
speaks against the law and judges it. When you judge the law, you are not keeping it. There is only one Lawgiver and Judge, the one who is able to save and destroy. But you—who are you to judge your neighbors?” There is another sound reason that we should be slow to criticize others. We are ignoring our own failures. Jesus had something to say about this and I think it clearly points out that he had a sense of humor. This is what he had to say about judging others in Matthew 7: 1-5: “Do not judge, or you too will be judged. For in the same way you judge others, you will be judged, and with the measure you use, it will be measured to you. Why do you look at the speck of sawdust in your brother’s eye and pay no attention to the log in your own eye? How can you say to your brother, ‘Let me take the speck out of your eye,’ when all the time there is a log in your own eye? You hypocrite, first take the log out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to remove the speck from your brother’s eye.” Many years ago when I served as director of the South Carolina Criminal Justice Academy, we conducted a class for newly appointed police chiefs and newly elected sheriffs. In those classes I did a block of training on leadership and one of the issues I always covered was criticism. If you criticize your people every time they make a mistake or a bad decision, you won’t have to worry about it for long because they will pretty soon stop making decisions. Life is all about relationships: your relationship with God and with your fellow man. Life is complex; it is not simple. Things go wrong that impact our life, and it is how we handle those things that makes a difference. If you are going to have a meaningful and satisfying life, it will come when you allow God to be the God of your life and you follow His will. How do we know His will? As believers, it is only through our faith that His will can be revealed to us. Philippians 2: 13 tells us, “It is God who works in you to will and to act according to His good purpose.” May God bless you as you seek and abide by His will in your life. ■ F B I N A A
Billy Gibson
22 M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 3
FBI0313_Chaplin.indd 22
3/21/13 12:02 PM
THE HISTORIAN’S SPOTLIGHT
TERRY LUCAS
The Brotherhood of Law Enforcement THREE FLORIDA SIBLINGS FOLLOWED IN THEIR FATHER’S FOOTSTEPS AND JOINED THE FAMILY PROFESSION.
T
HE PHRASE “the brotherhood of law enforcement” has been
Paul was the first brother to join law enforcement in 1985 at used repeatedly in referring to the men and women who the DeLand Police Department, and now serves as lieutenant serve in the law enforcement profession. Much has been writ- there. Jay joined the Port Orange Police Department in 1987 ten about how close law enforcement personnel become with following a two-year tour in the U.S. Army and now serves their fellow workers, often citing how work ties are sometimes there as a patrol captain. Bill joined the Port Orange Police tighter than real family ties. FBI National Academy records Department in 1993 and has risen through the ranks to serve have revealed that three graduates in southeast Florida made as a patrol lieutenant. the “Brotherhood of Law Enforcement” a All three recognized the importance real-life experience when they became poof education in their law enforcement calice officers. reers. Jay has a bachelor’s of science deBrothers Jay, Bill, and Paul Proctor are gree from the University of Florida and all involved in law enforcement in the east Paul and Bill have BA and BS degrees, reCentral Florida area. Jay, Session 232, and spectively, from the University of Central Bill, Session 249, serve with the Port OrFlorida in Daytona Beach. In addition to ange Police Department, while their broththeir formal education, all three brothers er Paul, Session 208, works for the DeLand have attended numerous law enforcementPolice Department. related courses and have taught extenThe three brothers grew up in the Desively at their own departments and for Land, Fla., area and all attended DeLand other agencies in the Florida area. High School. Jay was involved in sports in As part of their ongoing education, the school and played football for the DeLand Proctor brothers all attended the FBI NaHigh team. According to Jay, all three tional Academy, and had wonderful expebrothers had a pretty good time enjoying riences during their respective sessions. the outdoors at their grandfather’s ranch They have found the informative instrucwhere they were able to hunt, fish, and ride Paul, Jay, and Bill Proctor have served the tors and courses to be useful in their conhorses. They also got into the “Beach Boys” public as law enforcement officers in Florida for tinuing careers. But that was not the only scene and spent a lot of time in New Smyr- decades, and are longtime FBINAA members. benefit to be gained. All three brothers na Beach, Fla., enjoying the surf and the stress that a strong part of their NA experiscenery. ence was meeting fellow law enforcement officers from around At this point, the brothers’ lives could have gone in any num- the world and comparing notes about common problems and ber of directions. But several major law enforcement figures various ideas and techniques being used to keep citizens safe. planted the idea of a law enforcement career in their minds. Their sessions weren’t without their share of challenges, Retired DeLand Chief of Police Richard Slaughter was a child- however. Bill’s NA Session, 249, experienced a problem with hood friend of the brothers’ father, Julian, and he encouraged the infamous “Quantico Crud,” and whole floors were infected. them to consider jobs in law enforcement. Another person who It must have had a serious impact on training. Jay seems like influenced the Proctor brothers’ interest in policing was re- a tough guy, but for some reason his Florida blood did not aptired Florida Department of Law Enforcement Special Agent preciate the cold he encountered in Session 232. Bob Darnell. He had become good friends with Julian ProcPaul is looking forward to spending his retirement enjoying tor while working an undercover “storefront” sting operation his hobbies of hunting and fishing as well as his friends and in the DeLand area. family. But along with his two brothers he will continue his inAfter the assignment, Chief Slaughter invited both Agent volvement with the FBI National Academy Association and his Darnell and Julian Proctor to come to his hunting camp. Dar- brothers and sisters in blue. nell says he and Julian were “just a couple of good ol’ boys who Thanks in large part to the mentoring of Chief Slaughter hit it off.” After he met Julian’s sons Jay, Bill, and Paul, he felt and Agent Darnell, the Proctor brothers not only joined law like it became his mission to keep them out of trouble and on enforcement, but went on to have successful careers in their the right path. He often talked with the brothers about the chosen profession. This is a reminder of the positive impact we benefits of a law enforcement career and the rewards of serv- can have on others, and of the debt we owe to the many men ing the public. Darnell recalls many good days hunting and and women who have mentored us through the years. I encourfishing with the brothers in the southern Florida area, and he age everyone to put in some time to mentor the next generation is very proud of their success. so they may join the “Brotherhood of Law Enforcement.” ■ F B I N A A The Proctor brothers obviously listened to Chief Slaughter and Agent Darnell when it came to choosing a career. Since they Terry Lucas, Session 182, serves as the FBINAA national hiswere already interested in some of the basic requirements for torian. If you are aware of any outstanding National Academy the profession such as physical fitness and firearms proficiency, graduates in your area or any unique programs started by NA grads, please contact him at tlucas@fbinaa.org. they all were able to excel at their basic training academies. w w w.f b i n a a.o r g
FBI0313_Historian.indd 23
23
3/21/13 12:03 PM
STAYING ON THE YELLOW BRICK ROAD
J OHN G . VAN V OR S T
State of the Fit Challenge Program UPDATES TO THE FBI NA’S FITNESS PROGRAM MAKE AN ALREADY GOOD THING BETTER. “When you’re finished changing, you’re finished.” —Benjamin Franklin T THIS POINT, the FBI National Academy’s weekly Fit Challenge Program may as well be called the “Yellow Brick” Program. Earning these four-inch by eight-inch landscaping pavers, covered in yellow paint and session-identifying stickers, is a big deal. I’ve been told by more than a few graduates that their brick is more cherished than their diploma, and referencing the “yellow brick” in the title of this column was a no-brainer. Is there an easier way to get readers immediately thinking about physical fitness and wellness? Just as the physical appearance of the brick has changed over the years, so too have Fit Challenge events that comprise the program. The purpose of this article is to give a brief update, in the same vein as the President’s yearly State of the Union address, regarding the Fit Challenge and the rationale for some of the changes. My hope is that information will help keep our graduates connected to the current program and better prepare future National Academy students as they prepare for arrival.
A
SHIFTING GOALS The Fit Challenge originated as a supplemental endurance running program falling outside of the required physical training (PT) classes with limited participation. Today, it has its own official time block on the schedule, and all attendees are expected and encouraged to participate. If you’ve been reading this column, or graduated from the National Academy in recent years, you probably already know why an endurance running program shouldn’t be called a “fitness” program. Fitness, as it relates to law enforcement, encompasses physical attributes that won’t improve by simply running longer and longer distances for increased stamina. Long distance running requires a specific type of fitness, but tactical fitness training does not require long distance running. To optimize tactical fitness, as well as overall physical wellness, we expose students to a wide array of physical training methods to restore proper posture and alignment, develop athletic strength and power, and increase physical work capacity. Below is a current list and description of the weekly Fit Challenge events. The events are still primarily runningbased. However, many of the events incorporate additional training methods and target other important fitness components. We’ve attempted to shift these challenges in the direction of our PT classes rather than let the distance runningbased challenges dictate our PT class content.
running-intensive challenges can be created as needed. Not in Kansas Anymore — Challenge #2 consists of three different types of resisted running: stairwell ascents, short hill sprints, and partner-resisted form runs with stretch bands. The total running volume is less than the Tin Man Trot, but the intensity is higher as students learn to interact with the ground better, generate more force, and eventually become more economical. The Cyclone — Challenge #3 is a 20-minute circuit workout consisting of fundamental movement patterns, including squats, pushups, up-downs, and other mat drills. Most recently each of the six NA sections performed four sets of six different drills, exercising vigorously for 35 seconds and resting for only 15 seconds. Lion’s Leap — Challenge #4 is a 5-kilometer (3.1-mile) run on the paved roads around the FBI Academy grounds. For many students, this will be their first official 5K run. Wicked Witch Hunt — Challenge #5 is our little version of a “Spartan Run” or urban obstacle course where the participants run to various locations and perform a prescribed number of various body weight exercises and movement drills, such as bear crawls uphill and downhill. Winged Monkey Assault — Challenge #6 is another large-group circuit workout totaling 30 minutes. Students are given the freedom to pick their poison from everything but the kitchen sink, including medicine balls, dumbbells, kettlebells, resistance bands, suspension trainers, and weighted sleds. Journey to Oz — Challenge #7 is a 5-mile run. Nothing fancy here, but all participants must demonstrate some tolerance for distance running if they wish to participate in the final challenge. Yellow Brick Road — The capstone event for the Fit Challenge program is a combination of trail running interspersed with various obstacles and hill climbs followed by a more than 3-mile run back to the FBI Academy. The total distance covered is slightly more than 6 miles.
BETTER, NOT BROKEN
CURRENT CHALLENGE EVENT LINE-UP
Our goal is to preserve elements of the original Fit Challenge while continuing the evolution toward a more well-rounded “fitness” program that meshes with our fitness curriculum. Just to be clear, we are not anti-running. We are, however, on a mission to eliminate sloppy, mechanically unsound running from the law enforcement officer’s repertoire. Ultimately, our mission is to make our students better, not just tired and broken (or predisposed to fitness injuries). The best program will focus on the former and not on the latter. Take care and train smarter. ■ F B I N A A
Tin Man Trot — Challenge #1 consists of a 1.5-mile run, a standard field test of cardiorespiratory fitness. As part of our initial physical fitness assessment during the first PT class, each student completes a timed one-mile run. Each student’s movement efficiency can be evaluated and alternatives to the
John G. Van Vorst is a health and fitness instructor within the Physical Training Unit at the FBI Academy. He also serves as a defensive tactics instructor for the FBI New Agents Training program. You can e-mail him at John.vanvorst@ic.fbi.gov.
24 M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 3
FBI0313_YellowBrick.indd 24
3/21/13 12:04 PM
Enhance your law enforcement career with our leadershipfocused curriculum. Most criminal justice programs just teach you about the field. The University of Phoenix College of Criminal Justice and Security programs teach you how to be a leader. Our curriculum is designed to teach you management skills to help you in your law enforcement career. Learn from our experienced faculty â&#x20AC;&#x201D; many have held executive roles such as chiefs of police, sheriffs, commanders or captains. Visit phoenix.edu/law-enforcement or call us at 855.400.9842.
The Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice Administration, Bachelor of Science in Organizational Security and Management, and Master of Science Administration of Justice and Security programs are educational degree programs and do not guarantee that a student will meet the particular requirements or qualifications to become a law enforcement, corrections, or peace officer at the state, national, or international level. Students who are interested in pursuing such professions are encouraged to check with the applicable agencies for a list of requirements. Maryland residents completing undergraduate degree programs will earn an emphasis rather than a concentration in a particular area of study (for example, Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice with an emphasis in Cybercrimes). While widely available, not all programs are available in all locations or in both online and on-campus formats. Please check with a University Enrollment Advisor. Š 2013 University of Phoenix, Inc. All rights reserved. | CJS01885_LE_E_RV1
FBI0313_C3.indd 993
3/21/13 12:07 PM
Take PoliceMag on Patrol PoliceMag.com’s new mobile site gives you the news and information you need to know on the go. Just access the site from your smartphone and you’ll be able to read PoliceMag.com content at a glance. No zooming required.
®
POL0912mobilefpha.indd 1 FBI0313_C4.indd 994
AM08-09.12
QUICK INFORMATION. EASY TO VIEW. POLICEMAG.COM
8/17/12 4:42 PM 3/27/13 11:00 AM