ST
1
E
-Single Family HouSing-
IZ PR
Single Family Social Housing
-9-
PROPORTION OF LOTS
LINEAR HOUSE
INTIMATE / SOCIAL
THe loTS oF THe FedeRal diSTRicT oFTen Have a RaTio oF 1/3 (FRonT / depTH), Being commonly quiTe naRRow, ReacHing aBouT 5.50m wide.
in oRdeR To enSuRe THaT THe
THe lineaR Typology HaS
deSigned TypologieS could
cReaTed an inTeReSTing
Be adapTed To THe laRgeST
SepaRaTion BeTween inTimaTe
poSSiBle numBeR oF ploTS, we
RoomS and Social RoomS,
Took advanTage oF THiS FoRmal
SepaRaTed By a Small paTio THaT
condiTion oF THe ploTS oF THiS
guaRanTeeS cRoSS venTilaTion
ciTy and oRganized THe HouSe
FoR living Room and kiTcHen,
in a lineaR FaSHion, and could even woRk in naRRow loTS...
venTilaTeS THe BaTHRoom and cReaTeS an illuminaTed coRRidoR FoR THe BedRoomS.
INCREMENTAL DYNAMICS
THREE PATIOS
FACADE-FILTER
THRougH THe STRaTegic
THe THRee couRTyaRdS FoRmed
locaTion oF openingS and
weRe pRopeRly THougHT oF
THe conTacT wiTH THe STReeT HaS Two layeRS: ScReen and window. THe Facade THuS SeRveS
SelF-SuppoRTing conSTRucTive
aS an inTegRal paRT oF THe
meTHod, THe TypologieS
aRcHiTecTuRal layouT: eacH
elaBoRaTed SuppoRT THe
one HaS iTS own FuncTionS
incRemenTal incReaSe oF
and collaBoRaTeS To incReaSe
HouSeS, wHile enSuRing THe
RoomS and FuncTionS By THe
THe SpaTial peRcepTion oF THe
FoRmaTion oF a living uRBan
ReSidenTS.
SuRRoundingS, BeSideS BRinging
landScape, made oF conTacT,
venTilaTion and ligHTing.
aS a FilTeR BeTween THe puBlic Space and THe inTeRioR oF THe
uSe and neigHBoRHood.
LINEAR PATIO HOUSE To inhabit is a verb that conjugates in intimacy, neighborhood and city. In other words, we understand that housing implies not only the inner dynamics of a house, but also a city and conviviality. Thus, the present project seeks to meet the demands for housing in the Federal District and, at the same time, to catalyze urbanity with a typology of low standards. This ‘double performance’ is present throughout the project, from the formal party and distribution of internal functions to technical-constructive details. In particular, three design strategies converge in this direction: incremental expansion capacity, the linear formal party, and the three yards. The incremental dynamics acts as a catalyst for positive urban density and typological variation,
-10-
including residents as participants in the housing project. The formal linear party, in addition to optimizing infra-structural systems, facilitating implementation in different lots and organizing social and intimate areas of the house, produced an interesting alignment with the street, contributing to the formation of a living urban landscape: local economy also depends on adequate urban morphology, which generates an opportunity for socializing. The courtyards bring lighting and ventilation and expand various functions of the house: living is not limited to internal footage, as it includes (visually and functionally) the whole area of the lot, multiplying the investment of project implementation: residents use more than twice the building area.
-Single Family HouSing-
a
2,70
a
4.20
2,40 2,70
2,60
1,40
1,60
4,40
11,40
3,65
0,90
2,60 STReeT
STReeT
STReeT
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
GROUND FLOOR (FOR DISABLED)
ROOF PLAN
0
(a) aRea FoR expanSion.
HouSe aRea: 53,90m²
1
3
5m
TYPOLOGY 1 - SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING This typology is the ‘embryo’ of the project. The house segments social areas and intimate areas linearly. Social areas face the street and the side courtyard. Intimate areas are facing the back patios. A small patio separates these areas and guarantees cross ventilation for living room and kitchen, ventilates the bathroom and creates a lighted hallway to the bedrooms. The three courtyards are an integral part of the architectural layout: each has its own functions and collaborates to increase the spatial perception of the surroundings, as well as to bring ventilation and lighting. Through the strategic location of openings and self-supporting constructional method, the proposed architecture supports the incremental increase of rooms
and functions by the residents. The house can be built in lots of varying sizes, even if extremely narrow (up to 5.50m wide). It can also be removed from the street if there is a need in specific legislation of some place. (*) The entire project, including its adaptation to for the disabled, follows the Building Code of the Federal District - Brazil (Decree 19.915 / 98)
-Single Family HouSing-
-11-
4.20
2,40 a
a
a
2,70
2,70
2,60
1,40
1,60
3,65
8.10
0,90
0,90
3,20
4,40
2,40
2,60 STReeT
STReeT
GROUND FLOOR PLAN 0
1
3
STReeT
GROUND FLOOR FOR DISABLED
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
STReeT ROOF PLAN
5m
TYPOLOGY 2 - OVERLAPPING HOUSE Typology formed by two houses with independent accesses. The stairway to the second floor forms a small common area for both houses - space that stimulates the neighborhood contact, and can be used as bicycle parking, for example. Social areas face the street and side yard. Intimate areas are facing the back patios. A small patio separates these areas and guarantees cross ventilation for living room and kitchen, ventilates the bathroom and creates a lighted hallway to the bedrooms. The three courtyards are an integral part of the architectural layout: each has its own functions and collaborates to increase the spatial perception of the
-12-
surroundings, as well as to bring ventilation and lighting. Through the strategic location of openings and self-supporting constructional method, the proposed architecture supports the incremental increase of rooms and functions by the residents. The house can be built in lots of varying sizes, even if extremely narrow (up to 5.50m wide). It can also be removed from the street if there is a need in specific legislation of some place. (*) The entire project, including its adaptation for the disabled, follows the building code of the Federal District (Decree No. 19,915 / 98)
-Single Family HouSing-
INTERIOR dimenSionS and SpaTial inTeRRelaTionSHip oF THe inTeRnal enviRonmenTS ReSpecT and STimulaTe THe wayS oF inHaBiTing
BRazilianS, BeSideS guaRanTeeing wide cRoSS venTilaTion and naTuRal ligHT.
-Single Family HouSing-
-13-
EXPANDED HOUSE FEATURES paTioS FuncTion aS viSual and FuncTional exTenSion oF THe Home, aRTiculaTing and FilTeRing THe conTacT wiTH exTeRioR.
-14-
-Single Family HouSing-
THE SKY OF THE COURTYARD paTioS FuncTion aS a Space FoR diRecT inTegRaTion BeTween THe Sky and THe ReSidenTial inTimacy oF THe indooR enviRonmenTS: THey allow you To Be aT Home and undeR THe STaRS aT THe Same Time.
-Single Family HouSing-
-15-
coRRugaTed aluminum RooFing TileS
STeel BeanS gRid
pReFaBRicaTed SlaB To Receive waTeR Tank
pReFaBRicaTed SlaB Bond Beam FoR HoRizonTal ReinFoRcemenT veRTical caSTing oF STRucTuRal maSonRy Fully gRouTed - veRTical ReinFoRcemenT STRucTuRal concReTe maSonRy
ceRamic coBogรณ aluminum window FRame compacTion oF Soil wiTH gRavel
FooTing wiTH Bond Beam and HoRizonTal ReinFoRcemenT
concReTe FlooR SlaB wiTH wiRe meSH ReinFoRcing ReinFoRced concReTe
STaiRcaSe molded in loco (in THe caSe oF THe Two SToRy Typology)
-16-
-Single Family HouSing-
CONSTRUCTIVE METHOD The constructive method of the ‘house-embryo’ consists of a structural Concrete masonry (selfsupporting). Among the many advantages of this method, we can mention: agility in the construction, reduction of the amount of labor required (because it already works as a finished wall), reduction of waste in the construction site (no formwork required). LOCAL PARTICIPATION The proposed construction systems, as well as the chosen structural and coating materials, facilitate local participation in the workforce and supply of materials. In this way, the project contributes to sustainable social development with its surroundings, reducing transport costs for the project and strengthening the local economy.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY The project is designed to respond to local environmental and social demands. Considering the predominant climate of the region, concern with ventilation was one of the main design guidelines. The typologies count on wide cross ventilation and natural lighting in all environments. They also have systems for collecting and reusing rainwater, thus contributing to the reduction of the infrastructure of the neighborhood through the deceleration of rainwater. In addition, the vegetation and afforestation also contributes to an improvement of the local microclimate.
ReducTion on THe
inFRaSTRucTuRe oF THe neigHBoRHood THRougH Soil peRmeaBiliTy and ReuSe RainwaTeR
waTeR Tank FoR
RainwaTeR ReuSe
-Single Family HouSing-
-17-
SUGGESTED PROCESS FOR INCREMENTAL EXPANSION iT iS SuggeSTed To uSe conSTRucTive meTHod SimilaR To THaT oF THe ‘oRiginal’ HouSe, So THaT THeRe iS gReaTeR opTimizaTion and eaSe oF mainTenance.
1) SelF-SuppoRTing concReTe Block
STRucTuRe giveS conTinuiTy To modulaTion exiSTing in THe HouSe;
2) pReFaBRicaTed SlaB, oRienTed
longiTudinally To THe gRound, eliminaTeS THe need FoR STRucTuRal ReinFoRcemenTS;
3) THe aluminum mullion can Be Removed
FRom iTS oRiginal poSiTion and SeRve aS THe window FoR THe FuTuRe Room aFTeR expanSion.
‘HYDRAULIC WALL’ THe wall adjacenT To THe loT’S BoundaRy SeRveS aS THe main diSTRiBuTion plane FoR THe HouSe’S HydRaulic SySTemS: iT
ReceiveS all THe counTeRTopS (kiTcHen and BaTHRoom), Tank, SHoweR, ToileT,
waTeR ReuSe ciSTeRn (ReducTion oF demand on THe uRBan inFRaSTRucTuRe oF THe neigHBoRHood)
-18-
-Single Family HouSing-
FAÇADE-FILTER The facade was conceived as a plane of integration and transition between the movement of the streets and the most intimate routine of the interior of the houses - and as a climate-friendly infrastructure. The facade thus serves as a filter between the public space and the interior of the houses, while ensuring the formation of a living and sustainable urban landscape. 1) The screen serves to reduce sunshine, in addition to filtering the view of the internal space, ensuring abundant ventilation and lighting. It also serves as a support for plants. 2) The metal screen can be opened with a accordion system
-Single Family HouSing-
-19-
SINGLE FAMILY SOCIAL HOUSING: Type: Single Family ReSidence dimenSionS: 200 uniTS oF 53.90 m2 in a ToTal oF 10.780m2 STaTuS: 1ST place in compeTiTion yeaR: 2017 locaTion: FedeRal diSTRicT - BRazil Team: Felipe guimaRãeS, pRiScila coli, cauê capillé
-8-
-Single Family HouSing-