Rounding off the first semester strong is no easy feat. As we open up the latter half of the year we bring you tidings of joy and another edition of the North Star. De-stress and relax with this paper and enjoy a fun game on page 23!
Now that finals are over, our editorial board brings news of a possible change to our finals system. Check out our take as to whether finals should go back up to 20%, a new proposal and the timeline of the decision's appearance at upcoming board meetings on pages 44-45. Another thing on the tip of
TABLE OF CONTENTS
On The Cover
Photo Illustration by Michaela Manfull & Photoshop Generative AI
Black History Class, Seasonal Depression, Travel and Culture
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41 23
Sports Section
Best of Winter Sports, Thriving on Varsity, Pugh Fosters Bright Futures
Opinions Section
Billionaires, Best Food in Unexpected Places, Top 10 Fonts
EDITORIAL: PRIORITIZE FUTURES NOT FINALS Opinions pg. 44
(Photo Illustration by Michaela Manfull & Photoshop Generative AI)
Michaela Manfull Violet Newton &
NEW LIBRARIES AND CHANGES FOR THE NEW YEAR
needs by including study spaces and computers.
There has been a lot of change happening within the library sphere in St. Charles.
On Nov. 23, the St. Charles CityCounty Library, Mid Rivers Mall Branch, closed permanently. The Mid Rivers Mall Branch was opened on Jan. 22, 2024 in order to give more library services while other libraries in the region were under construction.
The Spencer Road Branch in St. Peters finished renovations last June and the Middendorf Kredell Branch in O'Fallon is scheduled to reopen in early 2025.
“Both of these branches were due for some significant routine maintenance to include HVAC, new parking lots, new roof or roof repairs and new flooring,” Tiffany Barke, the Interim CEO & Chief Administrative Officer within St. Charles City-County libraries said. “While we were doing many of these scheduled maintenance pieces it just made sense to do some cosmetic work while the buildings were closed to the public.”
Last May, discussions of closing down three different branches went through the St. Charles City-County Library Board. Those discussions ended with a resounding “no” based on public outcry, and there has been no discussion of closing branches since.
“I mainly use the libraries that are outside of FHN as study spaces, such as when I was studying for standardized tests like the ACT,” senior Alex Prudhomme said. “It's a really good, quiet space with the specific study rooms that they have across the libraries, specifically for high school students and teenagers to study different things.”
Libraries around St. Charles are used by students to help amplify learning experiences and utilize their resources. Nearby libraries such as McClay have adapted their spaces to fit student
“I believe the library plays a critical role in adding value to our community for generations to come,” Barke said. “We will continue to evolve with patrons' needs to provide equitable access to information and resources in support of lifelong learning.”
The rapid adaptation of technology means that libraries need to change to survive. As libraries try to take on new technologies, they are also taking on a lot of new costs. Ebooks lead to perpetual costs that make it difficult to expand without ballooning costs.
“There are many factors at play that could influence our sustainability,” Barke said. “Digital media's rising costs are just one of those factors. Libraries offer many resources and services that are of value to our patrons including adult and youth programming, passport and notary services, outreach services to those who are homebound, meeting and study spaces and technology to address the digital divide just to name a few. The rising cost of digital media is just one of the many things that cost more today than it did in the past.”
Information is one of the most important resources in the modern world and libraries continue to do their part to distribute it to all people. As the internet continues to disseminate information, it is up to public sources of information to continue to strive to reduce the digital divide.
“The public libraries provide mainly just that, that sense of ambiance,” Prudhomme said. “This is a good, safe place to study and also relax because you kind of don't get that in a lot of places because a lot of places like school and maybe home are like, go, go, go. Libraries provide that sense of peace and tranquility while you're able to do a lot of things.”
Pictured is the inside of the McClay Library, one of the three libraries that had discussions of closure. It was decided that the libraries would not be closed. (Photo by Ally Schaffrin)
FHN BAND WINTER CONCERT
by Cherry Clark cclark599@g.fhsdschools.org
On Dec. 17, the band hosted their winter concert at FHN. The concert took place over a week after the annual band banquet on Dec. 8, where seniors in band were recognized for their work throughout years of membership. Band students and families gathered to celebrate the seniors’ accomplishments and enjoy food.
“Band helped me with making friends and growing together with other students,” senior Jaydn Wells, FHN Wind Ensemble member said. “[It’s] a really a special place to find yourself.”
For the winter concert, doors opened at 7 p.m., and students and families were invited to watch the concert. It was the first band concert held in the school’s new auditorium.
“It was exciting,” Wells said. “Some of the pieces we have combined with the concert band, which are freshmen only, so we had a lot of people on stage.”
The bands worked on over four pieces, totaling over three months of hard work.
“It’s okay to be nervous. But, think of your nerves as excitement,” Wells said.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF VOCAL EXERCISES
1
Warm-Up
Excersises Humming and tongue trills gently activate the vocal cords without strain, preparing them for more demanding use.
2 Breathing and Support Exercises Diaphragmatic breathing enhances stamina for long singing passages or speeches along with building awareness of breath management.
3
NEW YEAR NEW CHOIR
by Gavin Swart gswart370@g.fhsdschools.org
Starting up this January, the choir is holding auditions to determine what section members will be in next year. Auditions are held every year in order to help make the choir at North the best that it can be.
DECA TEAM TO DISTRICTS
by Noah Tucker ntucker088@g.fhsdschools.org
STUDENTS REACT TO AMENDMENT 3
by Nadia Okilee nokilee160@g.fhsdschools.org
Range Excersises
Octave leaps and glissandos expand your vocal range by stretching the vocal cords safely. Along with assisting in smooth transitions between vocal registers.
4 Articulation
Exercises Toungue twisters and consonant drills strengthen control and articulation, making speech more dynamic. These also improve projection and diction.
“Last year I was just like, I’m going to go in there and sing part of a song,” sophomore in Knight Sound John Evans said. “Then, I realized that this is an audition for Knight Sound and I was like oh wait this is kind of serious. It’s not terribly difficult, and you don’t need to prepare that much, but it’s still [nerve racking] once you’re getting into it.”
The auditions come in multiple parts to judge the choir members’ work ethic, musical literacy and pure singing talent. Members of the choir are motivated to perform well in auditions so that they can earn spots in the top sections of Knight Sound and Bella Voces. Those aren’t the only things though the sponsor is looking for when it comes to selecting members for the team.
“I’m looking for people who have the maturity and the work ethic and the dedication to handle that level of music,” choir teacher Jennifer Oncken said. “And [people] that are going to be positive within the team because it really is a team.”
The Distributive Education Clubs of America, or DECA, chapter is currently preparing for the district competition. This will take place at Mid Rivers Mall on Feb. 11. This is the first set of competitions those in DECA will participate in this school year. The amount of events students compete in are plentiful, ranging from roleplaying to traditional test taking.
“It’s kinda like a business and marketing thing where you compete in events with other schools,” senior DECA officer Logan Moll said. “It’s kinda like a sport but more academic based.”
To prepare for the upcoming competitions those in DECA have gone to several conferences to develop the necessary skills to succeed. The first two conferences of the year happened in September and October. The first being a leadership conference, and the second being a conference specifically for new DECA members.
DECA is an international organization whose purpose is to prepare students who are interested in careers involving marketing, finance, hospitality and management for success after graduation.
In this year’s election, Missouri’s ballot consisted of a few items, Amendment 3 being one of them. Voting on Amendment 3 opens up Missouri residents’ ability to get abortions in the state. Voting “yes” on 3 would result in the addition of a right to an abortions, allowing legal abortions to take place in the state. Voting “no” on 3 opposed the access, banning abortions under all circumstances.
Although the polls were close, “yes” on 3 ended up winning the poll, just slightly, as a result of a 48.4% to 51.6% election. This means Missouri will now allow access to abortion and all other forms of reproductive health care.
This result was very controversial, however, many students at FHN were pleased with the results.
“Everyone has a right to their own bodyyou dont know everyone’s situation and you can’t just make a blanket law for everyone,” junior Anna Bauer said.
(File Photo)
(Photo by Kasey Lewis)
(File Photo)
(Photo by Eashaan Patel)
SOCIAL SECURITY
The anticipated increase of Social Security in the next year could have significant impacts on families and workers. The Social Security Administration (SSA) has announced a 2.5% raise in Social Security.
“Social Security is beneficial to have,” senior Ava Richmann said. “It gives people who can’t work, or retired people, the money they need to live their life.”
Most young adults aren’t aware of the importance of Social Security, It is funded by taxes paid by people in the workforce and are used to pay for benefits to the recipient.
“I think Social Security going up in general is a good thing and I think inflation definitely encouraged it to go up,” personal finance teacher, Landon Strayhorn said. “I think those retiring will be able to afford more and it’ll benefit everyone.”
(Brief by Cheyenne Steed)
BUILDING BOOM
St. Charles County has been a sellers market, meaning homes are selling fast while prices are high. The cause of this is the migration of the St. Louis population into more suburban areas, bringing more taxpayer wealth with them.
According to “The STL Realtors,” large amounts of inexpensive land is the main factor for the estimated 15.97% population increase by 2030 and the 28,820 additional single-family homes gauged to be needed by the county’s master plan.
Although the plan keeps parks, trails and conservation areas, 13.83% of agricultural land use is expected to decrease according to stlrealtors.com.
“I think it’s a sign of our city’s growth and it’s a good thing,” junior James Flemming said.
(Brief by Peyton Thies)
MOCK TRIAL PREPARATIONS
by Lennon Sharp lsharp744@g.fhsdschools.org
North’s State Champion defending mock trial team competed in their first trial of the year yesterday, Jan. 14, and will compete again tomorrow, Jan 16. Members of mock trial have much to do to prepare.
The case the team will be debating this time around is the murder of Julius Jones, a mock trial coach. His rival schools coach has been charged with said murder.
“The case is over the murder of Julius Jones, who is a mock trial coach for a high school team,” senior Sophia Arnold said. “The head coach from their rival school was charged with the murder”
Members must practice memorizing their lines and points they’ll use but there are
NEW MCDONALD’S SPARKS DEBATE
by Moira Dustin mdustin047@g.fhsdschools.org
A lot of construction has been happening in the St. Charles area within the past few months, but a new addition sparked more excitement than the usual projects. A McDonald’s was recently built next to the Mobil gas station on Upper Bottom Road. This new building was met with mostly excitement, but a few had concerns about where it was built.
“Since the McDonald’s is directly off the highway there’s probably gonna be like a
WINTER GUARD
One of FHN’s extracurriculars that gets little recognition is Winter Guard, the sister to Color Guard. Winter guard season officially starts on Feb. 8, with their first competition against Francis Howell High. The season will continue with four other competitions finishing out the season on March 29. The theme for this year will be “A Global Truth”, vocalising the human impact on the environment.
“Essentially Winter Guard is a series of four minute shows consisting of the usage of all our equipment to perform a routine similar to a dance,” Rion Fleming, a junior Color Guard captain said. “We combine the usage of dance, flags, rifle and saber to perform.”
(Brief by Kaylee Priest)
Melanie Breen practices in the small gym on Thursday, Dec. 19 with the rest of FHN’s Winter Guard. They have been practicing for weeks for their upcoming show on Feb. 8 at Francis Howell High School. They practiced for four hours, starting around 5:30 p.m. and ending at 9 p.m. They were able to work on their flag technique, flag tosses and drill throughout the practice. (Photo by Angelee Orozco)
tricks some use to memorize said lines.
“First, just repeating over and over our different lines and stuff and second to practice right before you go to bed, because psychologically speaking when you prepare right before you go to bed you’re more likely to remember them over a good span of time,” junior Daiyan Hassan said.
There are two roles that each person may take on during the trial, witness or laywer. Witnesses must learn how to best embody the character they take on, and lawyers must learn how to best defend their client.
“For witnesses, they study their depositions and learn all about the character they are taking on,” Arnold said. “If you are a lawyer, you have to know the depositions of both the person you are directing and crossing, we also have an opener and closer who essentially have a speech to give at the beginning and the end to open and wrap up the trial.”
solid amount of traffic actually trying to get in there just because it’s literally off the highway, there’s one light and then its the Mcdonalds so there’s not much space for the traffic to go through,” sophomore Regan Griffin said.
On the other side, many also believe that the McDonald’s is going to be great for our community, especially appealing to high school age students. It’s in a very accessible area, and some even pass it on their everyday route to school.
“I’m excited for there to be a new McDonald’s because it’s easier to have one close to where I live and it’s also gonna be a good place for job opportunities in the future,” sophomore Ezana Dubale said.
(Illustration by Moira Dustin) (Photo by Eashaan Patel)
Mock Trial members discuss the events of the night’s practice trial while preparing for the preliminary competitions. (Photo by Kasey Lewis)
The new McDonald’s was built in St. Charles off of Upper Bottom Road in only 90 days. (Photo by Alayna Clement)
(Illustration by Miranda Fabian)
CAMBIA LEYES DE DEPORTACIÓN
by Miranda Fabian mfabian486@g.fhsdschools.org
SB72 es un proyecto de ley patrocinado por el senador republicano electo David Gregory, quien lo introdujo el 1 de diciembre con un meta a fortalecerá la ley contra los inmigrantes en el estado, con vigencia a partir de agosto de 2025.
De acuerdo de el Missouri senadores, los términos del proyecto son los siguientes: Cualquier extranjero ilegal que ingrese al estado y permanezca en él de manera consciente en el momento, en que un cazarrecompensas con licencia o un oficial de paz detenga a la persona podrá ser condenado por un delito grave sin derecho a libertad condicional, ni libertad bajo palabra.
Un nuevo programa también va a ser introducido. El “Programa de Cazarrecompensas Certificados contra Extranjeros Ilegales de Missouri” permite que ciudadanos localizar y detener a extranjeros ilegales. Según el proyecto de ley, el Departamento de Seguridad Pública también va a Implementar a través de los cuales los ciudadanos podrán reportar estas violaciones. Es ahí donde intervienen los cazarrecompensas, quienes localizaron y detuvieron a las personas reportadas.
“Creo que el proyecto de ley es miope”, dijo Christian Portell, estudiante de último año. “Los oficiales de policía capacitados ya generan controversia al tratar con las personas, así que creo que permitir que los cazarrecompensas actúen como vigilantes y persigan a quienes creen que son inmigrantes ilegales va a crear muchos problemas.”
Los ciudadanos que denuncien estas violaciones recibirán una recompensa de $1,000 del, que será financiado por la Asamblea General.
Las personas detenidas enfrentarían restricciones adicionales, como la prohibición de votar en cualquier elección, obtener cualquier permiso o licencia de conducir, recibir cualquier beneficio público, así como convertirse en residentes legales del estado.
Los residentes de Missouri que han escuchado sobre el debut del proyecto han tenido opiniones divididas. Algunos no están demasiado preocupados por el impacto de la medida mientras por otro lado no creen que sea posible que se apruebe, debido a la logística y la naturaleza del proyecto de ley.
“Las preocupaciones de seguridad son enormes para mí,” dijo Jack Rudden, estudiante de penúltimo año. “Además, hay problemas económicos, ya sea que se queden o se vayan. De cualquier manera, las cosas tendrán un efecto negativo.”
COURSE CHANGES
How do students feel about course registration changes?
“I’m not sure if freshmen being no longer required to take health and physical education will give more or less freedom. But, I can see how it’ll be useful for freshmen.”
Logan Hawkins, 12
“If I didn’t take it freshman year I wouldn’t have taken it at all. So, I’m glad they made me take it.”
Ayah Ramadan, 12
“It’s weird because everyone else had to do it freshman year. It’s better that way to get it over with.”
Danielle Westhoff, 10
How do teachers feel about AP Music Theory’s removal?
FHSD CHANGES CLASS OFFERINGS
FHSD course registration for the 2025-26 school year has opened, coupled with a few changes
by Cherry Clark cclark599@g.fhsdschools.org
As the first semester ends, FHSD course registration has opened for all students and their families in the district for the 2025–2026 school year.
On Jan. 13, the FHSD course registration portal was made available to the public. From there, currently enrolled students and incoming high school students can choose their core classes and electives for the upcoming school year. Students are required to register for classes that fulfill credit requirements but may select electives if they have room in their schedules. The course registration portal will close on Jan. 24. Students are encouraged to look through the entire course book to see what all of the offerings are.
“[If] you ever plan on owning a home, you can take an elective like a woodworking class at North,” Senior counselor Lisa Woodrum said. “That’s a fabulous elective to take”
“Music theory is very overwhelming for music majors, so it being offered in high schools allows our students to have a stronger, solid working knowledge of that foundational information, which allows them to be set up for success when they go to the university level.”
Jennfier Oncken, AP Music Theory Teacher
With the new course registration process come a few changes, such as the removal of mass-loaded physical education and health courses for incoming freshmen, as well as the removal of AP Music Theory and Speech II courses.
“Mass-loading occurs when the district office pre-assigns core classes,” Woodrum said. “These are typically health and physical education classes. For incoming freshmen, this prevented families from removing these courses. But now, [those courses] will not be mass-loaded by the district office for all freshmen course requests.”
While the classes will no longer be preloaded for students during registration this year in Infinite Campus, students still need to take the classes in the summer prior to freshman year or during their freshman year. Health and physical education will remain part of FHSD’s required credits, and any student who forgets or chooses not to enroll in these courses during their freshman year will need
to complete them in another year. Students cannot graduate without those credits.
In addition to the removal of mass-loaded health and physical education courses, AP Music Theory and Speech II have been designated as sunset courses and will not be offered for the next school year.
“Sunsetting happens when courses don’t maintain typical enrollment, which is around 20 students per year over several years,” Woodrum said. “The district then determines that the student body isn’t interested in those courses, so they’re removed from the curriculum.”
The removal of these courses clearly presents a new challenge for students interested in related fields or topics. Not only will they no longer have the in-person opportunity to enroll in these classes, but it will also make it more difficult to explore their personal interests. Classes like AP Music Theory and Speech may be considered niche by most students in our district, but some believe they serve an important purpose, similar to any other class or elective.
AP Music Theory, a class offered at most high schools across the United States, provides students the opportunity to earn college-level credit in music theory by taking and passing the AP exam in May. It covers foundational music skills such as sight-reading, music terminology and part-writing. Having an in-person teacher to guide students through the material is simply invaluable, but with the course’s removal, students passionate about pursuing music will face the challenges, and make their path toward a music career even more difficult.
“I feel extremely upset about the removal of the AP Music Theory course,” junior Adrielle Aruya said. “This course is a crucial building block for students considering a career in music or wanting to deepen their understanding of what they’re doing in band or choir.”
On Dec. 16, students in gym class play basketball. (Photo by Layla Williams)
Once you pass any of the three classes listed on the right side here, you can enroll in the journalism groups like the newspaper and yearbook staffs, the web and video staffs or you could become a staff photographer or part of the sports team. All these staffs meet during the school day and students get class credit each semester they enroll.
JOURNALISM
You can get a 1/2 credit of Comm Arts towards the 4 you need to graduate and you’ll become a better writer and designer. People who want to be on the Newspaper, Web and Yearbook staffs generally take this class, as do those who want to be Sports Reporters. No matter your writing level, this class will help you get better. It’s the class most people entering the FHN media program take.
BROADCAST JOURNALISM
You can get a 1/2 credit of Comm Arts towards the 4 you need to graduate and you’ll become a better writer, speaker and video storyteller. People who want to create and edit videos on the Video Staff or Sports staff generally take this class. However, anyone who wants to make better videos will get a lot out of it.
DIGITAL PHOTOJOURNALISM
You can get a 1/2 credit of Practical Arts towards what you need to graduate and you’ll become a photographer and multimedia creator in the process. You’ll work with DSLR cameras, cover events at school and work to get your photos published in the yearbook, newspaper and online at FHNtoday.com and FHNgameday.com. You might even find your photos showcase on the @FHNtoday and @FHNgameday social channels.
“I’VE ALWAYS BEEN PASSIONATE ABOUT VIDEOGRAPHY, SO FHN PUBLICATIONS WAS THE OUTLET TO EXERCISE MY IDEAS AND CREATIVITY. I’M SO GRATEFUL FOR ALL THE IMPRESSIVE EQUIPMENT AND OPPORTUNITIES I OTHERWISE MIGHT NOT HAVE WORKED WITH. IT’S ALSO A GREAT BREAK IN MY SCHEDULE WHERE I CAN EXIST WITH OTHERS DRIVEN TO MAKE SOMETHING MORE THAN OURSELVES. THERE’S NOTHING QUITE LIKE IT.”
—Vanessa Ng, FHNtodayTV Editor-in-Chief FHN Media
ENROLL IN A JOURNALISM CLASS FOR NEXT YEAR. Journalism - (Writing & Design Focused) - 1/2 Comm Arts Credit & Dual Credit Option Broadcast Journalism - (Video Storytelling Focused) - 1/2 Comm Arts Credit
Digital Photojournalism - (Photography) - 1/2 Practical Arts Credit
ALREADY TAKE AN INTRO COURSE? JOIN STAFF. Applications for 2025-26 are available now. Find out More at www.FHNtoday.com/TellMeMore
FHN media
Photo by Kaylee Priest
Designed by Kaylee Priest
TOP 10 SWITCH GAMES
The Nintendo Switch is a very popular gaming console with any kind of franchise for any kind of player. Here are some of the more unique and popular games you can find on the Switch (Content & Illustations by Claira Price)
SPLATOON
“[I like] winning against my siblings.”Elliett Challans, 9 1 2 3 4 5
This game has a very simple exterior, the iconically poorly connected multiplayer gameplay is centered around competing in colorful ink battles as a cephalopod. However, these games are full of unique characters and storylines. Every character has a bold design which reflects the vast customizability of the player characters. They make players invested in the lore by having it in every aspect of the games.
“I like how it allows for a lot of creativity, when you’re playing any other video game it’s kinda just set in stone what you’re supposed to do.” - Zidian
ANIMAL CROSSING
The cozy slow vibes of this game aren’t for everyone, but some people enjoy how you can go at your own pace. The process of making a society all by yourself and decorating it any way you want with any people you want living in it is enjoyable. The way time moves parallel to where you live is another detail that makes you fully immersed in this simple world.
“The art style and character designs [are my favorite].” - Sophie Lumetta, 9
MINECRAFT
One of the most versatile video games out there. Players can choose to have a farm, go on adventures, or fight a dragon. The concepts of the mobs, especially the enderman and the creeper, are extremely unique and some of the creature designs along with both the complexity and simplicity of the game is what draws people to it.
LITTLE NIGHTMARES
The worldbuilding in this series is magnificent. The vibe is creepy, silent, dark, and dank. There are little to no jumpscares and an incredible storyline. Children who have experienced torment at the hands of an adult escape into the Nowhere when they sleep, a twisted realm with a lesser torture than they experience when they are awake. Their tormentors can come there too and become twisted monsters.
MARIO KART
It’s the best-selling game on the Switch, because it’s incredibly fun to play. It recently finished its DLC, and that gave players many new options for tracks and characters, including Brido and Pauline, who are usually overlooked by Nintendo can now exist with everyone else. There are varying levels of intensity and custom options that make the game ever entertaining.
6
KIRBY
This is a less intense platformer mission than games like Mario, and it has an overall happy vibe. Yes, you do inhale all of your enemies on sight, but look how cute Kirby is. Anyone can enjoy these games. They are very beginner-friendly but there are also YouTube channels that cover insane Kirby mods or even kaizo levels. You can do whatever you want.
9
8
7
SUPER MARIO
Mario’s platformers are extremely iconic. The newest game in the series, Mario Wonder, has taken off thanks to brand-new characters, enemies, power-ups, and an entire kingdom to explore. Some people complain that the Super Mario games can be boring and repetitive after a while, especially after the realease of Mario Maker, where you can make your own levels, but Mario Wonder brings the series to the next level.
10 POKEMON
The appeal for players of this franchise is the monster designs. Each of them are super unique, and while some of them are more well-liked than others, that’s what helps to make a large and lush world. The anime style art is beautiful itself, and gives a different feeling than most other Nintendo games.
“It’s just really fun and relaxing to me, I guess, just to play it.” - Kumby Coulibaly, 9
THE LEGEND OF ZELDA
The main selling point of this series is the open-world adventures of the games Breath of The Wild and Tears of the Kingdom. The graphics are really compelling and the lighting in the areas make it feel so alive. However, them being open-world can leave the player guessing what to do and meandering around without an objective.
“I really like the story. It’s just…really good. And I like how it’s different between each game.” - Raine Volk, 9
SONIC THE HEDGEHOG
A classic gaming franchise. The characters are lovable and their interactions are really well scripted. Some of their dialogue is so out-of-pocket. It works great. However, the gameplay is a little frustrating and tough to figure out. But the fans make up for it by being brilliant and the community is fun. If you like the content of the characters but not the games, there are options like the movies, or shows like Sonic Boom or Prime.
(Illustration by Nylah Smith)
TRENDS IN TIME POTENTIAL TWITTER COMPETITOR TAKES THE SCENE
by Noah Tucker ntucker088@g.fhsdschools.org
Millions of people around the world rely on social media for entertainment and for relevant news. X (formerly known as Twitter) is one of the biggest social media platforms, launching in 2006 and growing to where it is now, boasting over 350 million monthly active users.
“I put up announcements [on X] for what we do for the sports and game results and everything,” Business teacher Mike Freedline said. “Stuff that’s upcoming like game day just to tell the community about it. And for clubs too, just to keep people informed about what’s going on.”
Despite being one of the largest social media platforms in the world for many years, the public has had many grievances with how the platform is handled. Turning user verification into a bought-in feature, changes in moderation standards resulting in more graphic content sharing and spam, more intense monetization efforts through “X Premium,” and the dwindling effectiveness of essential features such as the search function are some of the key issues people have regarding the platform. Regardless of the problems on the platform, it maintains its popularity due to its constant news turnout.
CURRENT
(Content by Canyon Dubis)
A normal conversation between teenagers currently consists of talking about trendy clothes or TikToks that they see all their friends and influencers making. Trends are often fun and popular things that people are watching, wearing or listening to. These can range from social media trends to music and fashion.
“I think there’s one person who’s not really famous, who does [TikTok],” sophomore Tabitha Hickman said. “But then someone else who is famous does it, and then it kind of becomes a big thing.”
People often follow trends because they see them over and over again. When seeing them, people start to like them and do or listen to them themselves.
“I think trends are just kind of fun,” Hickman said. “Sometimes, I think that being able to do them is kind of exciting because it’ll be something really cute or it will be kind of funny.”
With so many different types of trends, there is often something for everyone.
PAST
Favorite Past Trends
ICE BUCKET CHALLENGE
Take a step into different times with FHN’s take on their favorite trends (Content and Illustrations by Bri Taliaferro)
“I really like online shopping,” freshman Victoria Avila said. “Like New Balance shoes, it’s one of the better recent shoe brands, and I think they look good but they’re also really comfortable.”
With so many different types of trends, there is often something for everyone.
Sometimes trends can also be over-used. This often happens when a trend lasts a longer time or people see too much of the trend.
“I don’t know if I really hope anything will be trendy in the future,” Hickman said. “Because I feel like a lot of the time, trends can get awkward.”
Regardless of trends being liked after the fact, many people enjoy them while they are happening. They also hope to get them done before the trend goes out of style, as trends are always evolving and changing.
“I did one of the Gracie Abrams trends,” Hickman said. “It was the ‘I didn’t see the look in your eye’ one. I thought it was really cute, but I don’t know if it stopped yet. I just think that by the time that I’ll have wanted to actually do it, it’ll have been too late.”
“I did gymnastics…It was memorable because we all went outside and did it as a team. And we recorded ourselves, and we all dunked [ice on] each other which was really fun… we were able to raise money
Madison Finnegan, Algebra Teacher
FUTURE The Next Trend?
REVIVE OF 80’S FASHION
“It’s kinda just what I resorted to, it has the most updated stuff,” sophomore Bella Ingrassia said. “I guess Instagram has similar features, but it doesn’t give you news as well.”
Released to be a competitor to X, the decentralized social media platform called “Bluesky” launched to the public in February of 2024. Bluesky was developed by former Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey, and is effectively a copy of what X was a few years ago.
Bluesky is aimed to appeal to people who aren’t interested in using X due to its current problems, but still want to get current news and entertainment through the familiar format X has provided for many years. However, those who are switching to Bluesky shouldn’t expect the same amount of activity seen on X, as Bluesky currently only has roughly 24 million users.
“I like how it’s very upbeat and happy but it also has an element where everyone can do it.”
Cooper Berriman, 9
“I think Bluesky really just needs some more promotion behind it,” Chris Snider, Drake University Associate Professor said. “Back in 2019 and 2020, Tiktok was buying ads everywhere and that was the reason behind its sudden growth, so I think Bluesky just needs to buy some ads and convince people to go there.”
“The colors, the different kinds of styles, the hairdos are really fun… they’re kind of silly, but fun at the same
“Being nice. It’s just something the world needs more of.”
Kainman, 10
DABBING
“I think we should bring back dabbing, that was awesome. Cooper Berriman, 9
RISE OF ROBOTS
“AI, and robots and all that fun stuff.”
Madison Finnegan, Algebra Teacher
GOT HAIRSPRAY?
“Bringing back poofy hair.”
Shaylin Jones, 12
TIK TOK FINDS ITSELF IN U.S. COURTS
People discuss how this possible ban could affect the way of the internet
by Caleb Thompson cthompson211@g.fhsdschools.org
In the modern age, where social media has a hold on all of us, TikTok stands above the rest, captivating the attention spans of millions of Americans (170 million to be exact). But it stands in legal limbo within the United States courts. In April 2024, President Joe Biden signed a bill stating that if the Chinese company ByteDance doesn’t sell TikTok to a US governmentapproved company, the app was to be potentially banned in America on Jan. 19, 2025. The bill was put in place as a national security measure, as the District of Columbia US Court of Appeals suspects that the Chinese parent company has been collecting data from US citizens through TikTok. ByteDance has come out firmly stating that they have no plans to sell TikTok to any American company.
large portion of TikTok’s user base banned from the platform, people would be left wondering what is going to happen to content creation as a whole, and how well people would adjust.
“It’ll ruin a lot because no one really cares about any other social media as much as TikTok,” junior Robert Silzle said. “People spend way too much time with it and now they’ll have to get used to not doing that. I’m sure eventually Instagram Reels will take over, but people aren’t gonna be super happy about it.”
This story was published before the Supreme Court’s decision on the TikTok ban. For the updated story, scan the QR code below. Editor’s Note
“Honestly, it’ll probably be better for me I think, because I can actually stay focused and not want to just scroll mindlessly for hours,” sophomore Arianna Dangi said.
The impact of this ban would be immediately apparent throughout the internet. TikTok is one of the largest providers of short-form entertainment on the internet. Anyone who has browsed Instagram Reels or Youtube Shorts will see an abundant amount of reposted content imported from TikTok. And it’s hard to forget the TikTok Shop. If American businesses were banned from selling on the platform, many small creators and businesses would not get nearly as much traffic as they used to. With such a
It’s easy to be skeptical, however. People wonder if this ban is really legit. In 2020, when President Donald Trump threatened to ban TikTok, ByteDance claimed they wouldn’t even consider selling TikTok. Now that real executive action has been taken under President Biden, they stand on their statement that TikTok will not be sold.
Douyin is ByteDance’s Chinese version of TikTok, and is by far their biggest seller. There are around 120 million U.S. TikTok users, paling in comparison to the 750 million Chinese Douyin users. Although Americans are the second largest demographic for TikTok, falling just behind Indonesia, the user base of the entire continent of North America is just a fraction of the users in China. ByteDance has no incentive whatsoever to sell to an American company, as America is far from their main demographic.
“In the end, it’s just going to get replaced by something else,” band director Ryan Curtis said. “People move on. Things aren’t gonna get better and things aren’t gonna get worse, people are just going to move on.”
Before TikTok there was Musical.ly, and before Musical.ly, there was Vine. The people will just have to see what comes next, if the supreme court approves the bill that President Biden signed, TikTok is in the ground.
(Illustration by Nylah Smith)
MUSIC’S BIGGEST NIGHT
by Sam Hall shall102@g.fhsdschools.org
As the Grammys approach, the biggest night for music is right around the corner. On Feb. 2, the 67th Annual Grammy Awards will be held, with a wide variety of artists nominated to win out of 94 different categories. These categories include record of the year, album of the year, song of the year and best new artist. The Grammys will be located at the Crypto.com arena in Los Angeles, just like years before. The Grammys will also be streaming on Paramount +, and on the CBS Television Network.
“The Grammys have a different variety of all types of artists like country, pop, rap and it’s very competitive,” freshman Karley Lewis said. “I hope that Megan Thee Stallion wins, I hope Drake wins something and I hope 21 Savage wins something. I want them to win because I really enjoyed their music. 21 Savage makes really good music and so does Drake.”
There are so many artists nominated for all of the different awards presented. Music is such an important part of the world, and the Grammys are a perfect time for music lovers to express their interest in certain artists and genres.
“I have a handful of artists I want to win,” sophomore Oliver Bosanquet said. “I think Laufey and Charli XCX are my top picks. I think Laufey deserves the award because well, they are Icelandic, and their music has just been heavily on the rise. They’re bringing back jazz. Charli XCX is bumpin’ that. Charli XCX is brat and she deserves Album of the Year.”
The Grammys give artists in the music industry a chance to compete, and win the Gramophone Award. Depending on the music genre, artists have their own chance of winning an award. The Grammys provide entertainment for all music lovers, and keep the fun and diverse music community going strong.
“I think the Grammys are entertaining because music is shockingly so much of our world and what we consume in the media just in everyday events,” Bosanquet said. “I think awards being given out to people who excel in those fields are interesting and happy to happen.”
Kendrick Lamar
Brat Charli XCX
Espresso Sabrina Carpenter
TEXAS HOLD EM’ Beyoncé
Good Luck, Babe! Chappell Roan
(Illustration by Haley Beffa)
UP AND COMING ARTISTS
by Kaylee Priest kpriest027@g.fhsdschools.org
Spotify, Apple Music and YouTube Music are a few of the many music platforms that millions of artists call home. With only a handful of artists repeatedly playing on the radio, winning awards and dominating social media with trending songs or the latest scandals, many other artists remain “underground” or have smaller, more niche fan bases.
“I like Rainbow Kitten Surprise, they have really good lyrics,” junior Boston Party Winchester said. “I love their use of metaphors and there you know music itself is pretty unique like the vibe they have is just great.”
With the large community social media platforms like TikTok and Instagram hold, it allows smaller artists a chance at blowing up and turning into “mainstream artists”. An example of this is Gracie Abrams. Late last year, she started touring with Taylor Swift, along with coming out with a new album earlier this year. A few “TikTok worthy” songs later she’s now a very popular artist amongst teens.
(Promotional material)
FRANCHISE FATIGUE GROWS
by Amari Ammons aammons371@g.fhsdschools.org
In recent years, movie audiences have begun to be overwhelmed by the quantity of content being put out by beloved franchises. For instance, “Jurassic World: Rebirth”, releasing July 2 next year, will be the series’ seventh installment. It’s easy to see why some think the series has lost the plot.
“I thought the first few movies were really good, but the more they were trying to add on, it just wasn’t as good as the first few,” sophomore Tyler Ortmeyer said.
This trend has frustrated some viewers. Not everyone has the time or patience to watch a dozen movies just to understand the latest release.
“It’s just hard to get the motivation to watch 10 movies for one franchise when I could just watch better movies that don’t have a sequel,” sophomore Emily Thomas said.
“I think it depends on whether or not the original is recent, because if the original is recent, then it tends to be lower quality.”
Izzy Lash, 12
However, others welcome this expansion of film. With the rise in popularity of streaming services in recent years, it seems only reasonable that creators will create more expansive and branching stories.
“I think movies and even television are evolving,” NYU film student Emily Zhang said. “People understand films now so they [filmmakers] can push boundaries.”
“I feel like sequels tend to be worse, especially recently. I feel like the entire movie industry in general is just trying to make movies that are less original.”
Christian Portell, 12
POKÉMON TCGP DRAWS PLAYERS
csteed056@g.fhsdschools.org
Released in October of this year, Pokèmon Trading Card Pocket has been catching young adults’ attention ever since it popped up in the app store a few months ago. In that time, the game has had the opportunity to captivate over 30
“I started playing two days ago and I’m always playing when I have the chance,” junior Shantanu Bagde said. “I think the game is really fun because you get to open packs and battle others. My favorite card in my deck is my Gengar EX.”
“Yeah, first movies are definitely better than the second and third.”
Shalini Sharma, 12
The fresh game consists of pulling Pokèmon cards out of packs and using the cards against other players in battle. The game has a bunch of unique features that are exciting and addicting as well as a variety of cards that players are constantly anticipating to pull.
“I like the game because I’m good at it and I can play with my friends,” sophomore Ahsan Naumaan said. “I love opening the packs to get better cards to play with my friends, and I’m really excited for the new updates coming out soon and how the game will grow.”
“I listen to Cryogeyser because I like the meaning behind the music, and the way it makes me feel when I listen to it,” junior Gabby Hausladen said.
SPIDER-MAN’S ENDURING FAME
by Lennon Sharp lsharp744@g.fhsdschools.org
Spider-Man has always been a huge part of pop culture, but in recent years, there has been a massive influx of content being made about the character. Between the release of “Spider-Man: No Way Home” and “SpiderMan: Across The Spider Verse” along with the recent second installment of the Spider-Man game series by Insomniac Games, it’s safe to say that Spider-Man is making a bit of a comeback.
One of the most consistent reasons SpiderMan has stayed so relevant is the wide reach the character has across age demographics, with both kids and adults taking interest in Spider-Man and his many iterations.
“They just want to make money, and when both kids and adults see the movies they make more,” sophomore Alex Rudolphi said.
There also seems to be a correlation with Disney bringing back previous actors and characters to make cameos in new properties, and the success financially and critically of these movies.
“The hype around returning actors and characters from the original comics I feel have definitely helped them with wanting to profit on the popularity,” sophomore Leo Swaney said.
(Illustration by Cheyenne Steed)
(Illustration by Lennon Sharp)
TRUE CRIME DOCS CHANGES SOCIETY
by Zoe Lobato zlobato988@g.fhsdschools.org
New true crime documentaries and podcasts are becoming a nationwide craze, captivating audiences with real-life mysteries, the rising fascination with crime reveals society’s detachment from violence.
“It sounds bad, but I don’t think of these people as real people,” sophomore Mikaela Kavades said. “It’s scary, so I view it as a fast-paced book. Most of society separates themselves from things that are real.”
Along with the public’s unhealthy indifference to those affected by these
DEEP ART VS FUN FICTION
by Zoe Lobato zlobato988@g.fhsdschools.org
Fiction holds a special place in the world of reading, its broad category offering stories that touch the hearts and minds of readers everywhere. This presents two styles of writing, each serving a distinct purpose: commercial fiction to entertain and delight, and literary fiction, which seeks to provoke deep thought. Both forms offer unique perspectives and value, shaping the world of literature.
“Literary fiction is about the character
WOLF MAN IS BACK... AGAIN
crimes, comes the media controlling the narrative.
“Film and media in general over-exaggerate or underplay things to get the eye of the people,” sophomore Olivia Prinster said. “They overplay the dramatics of a chasing scene, or a murder scene, to get views.”
This combination of both public interpretation and unreliable portrayals leads to distorted perceptions of crime, making it seem as an isolated incident rather than a threat to the community.
“People view crimes more as a spectacle than an actual danger,” Prinster said. “People don’t think this happened in the community. It’s across the United States and it doesn’t really make people think that’s right here in our community. And that it could happen to anybody.”
development, while commercial fiction is about the audience and the plot,” junior Kiley Harris said.
The main difference between these two groups lies in the tone and level of depth, with the writing influencing how readers experience the book.
“The difference between literary and commercial fiction is more about the writing,” Harris said. “You could have the exact same story, but the perspective and tone that it’s written in can change everything about the way the book is told.”
Despite their differences, both forms of fiction are equally beloved by readers, each appealing to different tastes and interests.
“I think all forms of writing are just as important as the other,” sophomore Mikaela Kavades said.
On Jan. 17, the full moon rises once again to a new rendition of the classic “Wolf Man” story. The original Wolfman movie came out in 1941, over 30 years into the heyday of the original Universal Monster movie series. This is not the first time a Universal Monster has been brought out of the grave for a modern audience.
The original run lasted over 30+ movies from 1913-1956. Since then, more than a dozen reboots, spin-offs and sequels have come out, with each of them failing just as bad as the last one. Dracula alone has had three sequels, a prequel, two reboots and a Spanish version made.
Before the 2025 version of Wolf Man, there was “Werewolf of London”, “The Wolf Man”, “Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man”, “She-Wolf of London” and a 2010 remake of the original film. This 2025 romp is just another zombie here to stumble its way through a poor box office.
(Illustration by Zoe Lobato)
(Illustration by Zoe Lobato)
—Yazan Rawashdeh, Sports Staff Reporter FHN Media
ENROLL IN A JOURNALISM CLASS FOR NEXT YEAR. Journalism - (Writing & Design Focused) - 1/2 Comm Arts Credit & Dual Credit Option Broadcast Journalism - (Video Storytelling Focused) - 1/2 Comm Arts Credit Digital Photojournalism - (Photography) - 1/2 Practical Arts Credit ALREADY TAKE AN INTRO COURSE? JOIN STAFF. Applications for 2025-26 are available now. Find out More at www.FHNtoday.com/TellMeMore I THINK THAT BEING IN SPORTS STAFF IS A REALLY UNIQUE AND FUN EXPERIENCE. I’VE HAD FUN MAKING THINGS LIKE HYPE VIDEOS AND JUST WORKING WITH SPORTS IN GENERAL BECAUSE I REALLY DO LOVE TO PLAY SPORTS, SO MAKING THINGS FOR SPORTS IS JUST FUN FOR ME. I THINK JUST SEEING HOW COOL THE VIDEOS COME OUT AND THE COMMUNITY IN THE ROOM MAKES IT REALLY FUN
FHN media
: @FHNtoday and @FHNgameday
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As Artificial Intelligence continues to evolve, experts and users weigh its potential benefits against ethical concerns 18 19 20 22
by Michaela Manfull mmanfull438@g.fhsdschools.org
Alot of times, people want a hard and fast line in the sand. There is one right way and one wrong way to do this, so do it the right way or there will be specific consequences to face. When it comes to AI, or Artificial Intelligence, this line is often blurred or not even there to begin with.
“I think what these tools are capable of doing is a little mind-blowing considering there’s a lot about these tools that we don’t know,” Chris Snider, an Associate Professor at Drake University said. “Not to have any sort of regulation on them quite yet is a little bit scary.”
That causes people to wonder just how much they can do, or get away with, by using AI. Everything from students using it to help create study questions to artists using it to create inspiration to companies using it to streamline their processes, the options are endless. One such company is Fidelity and Guaranty Life, who is currently working on putting together how they will utilize AI.
“Our accounting system has integrated an AI functionality with it,” Joe Strobel, an employee at F&G said. “We’re helping our accounting vendor build out that logic.”
On the other hand, some people worry
about AI being used to take over people’s jobs, students using it to complete their homework for them, kids talking to chatbots instead of real people, AI programs stealing artist’s work and even journalists using it to write entire stories.
The journalism adviser at West Albany High School in Albany, Oregon, Michelle Balmeo, explains that AI is not going to do some massive overturn of jobs, as nothing it does will match the creativity and voice that humans put into their own work.
“AI, at least right now, where we’re at, is really good at giving you the norm, or the average,” Balmeo said.
No matter what, AI isn’t going away anytime soon. There may never be a clear line between right and wrong either. Now, it’s up to the next generation to take advantage of this new technology so they can adapt with it and don’t end up leaving AI, or themselves, behind.
“My advice would be to jump in and try these tools and try to understand how they work and what you can do with them,” Snider said. “I think that most companies out there move really slow, and so companies are not fully understanding what they can do with these new tools. It’s going to be the young people who understand them and come in and just suggest new ideas and new ways that these tools can be used.”
A photo illustration created by Naomi VanDyne using Photoshop’s Generative AI. Generative AI does not have text capabilities, so even though this prompt said “Norm’s First Day,” the program was only able to write “Won’s Firky” and “Nom’s Day.”
Is Generative AI a Tool or Replacement?|
While AI may never be able to fully replace artists, FHN artists discuss the ethics of Generative AI used as a tool in the visual arts
by Lennon Sharp lsharp744@g.fhsdschools.org
Artificial Intelligence has seen massive growth in its text generating capabilities recently, but other than writing, there is one other medium that AI is getting scarily good at replicating, art.
AI has been observed in the art landscape for years at this point, and is still considered fairly new technology. Due to this fact, it is quite shocking just how fast AI art has been able to progress within the short period it has been around for, and this rapid progression has left people and artists everywhere in a state of fear, excitement and uncertainty.
Other than being worried or excited about AI, some just don’t see it as useful at all. Whether it’s due to the quality of the art the AI produces, or a general aversion to using it out of the idea that using AI to make art may invalidate one’s work, many believe it can’t help them in their own art process.
“I don’t really see AI as useful in any way in my art process, one because I’d feel ashamed for using it, though I don’t think it can really assist outside of writing spaces in any way I’ve seen,” sophomore art student Wyatt Valleroy said.
AI art has been seen as a way to generate ideas to help artists gain a slight push on taking their ideas, expanding upon ideas they already have, or just generally quickly visualizing said ideas, but some worry using AI will completely remove humans from the process of making art and replace those in artistic fields.
“I think it can be helpful as far as finding references or generating inspiration, but as far as generating images and taking away from work artists can be doing and making a living off that is the more concerning side of it,” art teacher Courtney Flamm said.
However, AI art is typically trained by having the program view works of human art and teach itself to use those art pieces
to make something that is along the same lines as what it has seen. Some see this as an unethical, and generally malicious practice, as most of the time artists don’t get to choose whether they want the AI to learn to copy based off of their works.
“I despise the fact that AI is just stolen, regurgitated art, and in general I think artists should have total control over how their art is used,” Valleroy said.
Despite the advancements that AI has made, not everyone is afraid of AI and its impact on the livelihoods of artists, and just see it as a helpful tool that will not advance any further than that.
“I don’t think it will ever replace artists, but I do think it is a tool that will need more awareness and guidelines as we learn how it fits into the art world and into our lives in this time,” Flamm said.
Still, AI has been seen as a threat to artists, and some people ultimately wish it had absolutely, or close to, no involvement
A real photo taken by Austin Griffin of Norm the Knight on the FHN football field during Black and Gold Day 2024.
A photo illustration created by Naomi VanDyne using Photoshop’s Generative AI feature.
How Do Students and Teachers Adapt to AI in the Classroom?|
AI in classrooms can be used for more than just copy and pasting essays together
by Nadia Okilee nokilee160@g.fhsdschools.org
rtificial Intelligence’s exceeding growth has put so much power and so many opportunities into the hands of all ages. Recently, one of the outcomes of this growth is tied to an uprise of students using AI to help with all things regarding school.
For example, students are using AI to assist in homework, studying and checking their work. On the negative side, students have also used AI to help cheat on tests or have a chatbot write an essay.
“I’ve seen AI used negatively with people just using it to cheat, which really doesn’t help them in the long run when it comes to actually taking the test,”
senior Leesha Komotho said. “But I think that is a result of people just not knowing all that AI can really help out with.”
Teachers as well as students at FHN have also first handedly seen AI be used as a shortcut in their academics. Students may resort to using AI to help them cheat on tests and homework, or even write their entire English essay.
in the world of art, as many think it fundamentally goes against what art even is.
“I think instead of having laws deciding what it can and cannot do, it would be better just not to exist, or it to be very strictly regulated,” Valleroy said.
It’s clear that many people, all over the world, artist or not, have their own opinions on whether AI should be banned in art, used as a helpful tool, or anything in between. AI is a divisive topic. It’s rapidly changing and always growing and improving, and it’s up to people today to figure out how to use it and how much to regulate it.
“I think that with time, AI will almost be able to replicate anything it’s seen or been fed,” Valleroy said.
be a shared issue among the school that AI can result in kids losing creativity and the power to think on their own.
“It’s hard because we don’t teach kids how to brainstorm anymore,” Johnson said.
AI’s positive use is extremely helpful, with its quick and easy real-time processing it can answer homework questions within seconds. It also has the power to read over essays to help students with their grammar, spelling and overall writing structure. The results of this mean it’s a very helpful tool for many students and teachers.
“Yes, I have used AI in the classroom, in Ms. Johnson’s class to check essays for accuracy,” sophomore Brendan Bedwell said.
“If I need an idea for a lesson plan, especially if I want it to be like a jigsaw or more creative and I need multiple pieces or something, I for sure will type my ideas into AI and then see what it shoots out,”
-Kristen Johnson
“I even had a kid who did that and I caught it but then he went and wrote an email and he was like, ‘I’m so sorry I did this, like I was so stressed I didn’t know what to do. Can I have another chance?’” Kristen Johnson, an English teacher at FHN said. “So. That was awesome, but I just think that it takes away some critical thinking, and it makes me mad too. Isn’t your brain cooler than AI? Have a little faith in yourself, you know?”
However, as helpful as AI can be, it’s important to remember that cheating, and letting AI prevent students from learning isn’t going to benefit them. It seems to
Students using AI in English classrooms isn’t the only place it’s found though. AI is commonly used throughout the entire school in a range of roles. It’s even used by some teachers.
“If I need an idea for a lesson plan, especially if I want it to be like a jigsaw or more creative and I need multiple pieces or something, I for sure will type my ideas into AI and then see what it shoots out,” Johnson said.
Beyond AI’s use throughout English teachers and students, senior Lane McKee uses AI in her statistics class.
“I have used it for papers and questions that me and my classmates sometimes can’t answer,” McKee said.
In the end, it’s hard to find the line for AI in the classroom, it’s easy to remember how helpful it is, but important to remember the risks that come with it.
“There’s a fine line between using it to help and using it to cheat,” McKee said.
What AI Tools Can Students Use?|
Tools that students should use and teachers should encourage (Content by
HEMINGWAY APP provides suggestions on sentence structure and style to help improve overall professionalism in writing. This is useful for students when working on in-depth essays, research papers, presentations and even scripts for speeches.
GRAMMARLY is a fairly simple spell- and grammar- checking tool that also has AI functionalities to help give feedback on things like intended audience and style. This helps ensure that a paper is easily readable before submitting it to a teacher for grading.
CHATGPT is a general AI chatbot assistant. While it can help answer homework questions, it’s best used as a resource for finding math equations or coming up with ideas, as any information, especially for English or History, it gives should be factchecked before using.
OTTER AI is a little more niche, as it is created specifically for transcribing audio. It uses AI to take any sound file it’s given and translates it to written text. While it can be used for transcribing interviews, it’s also helpful for creating lecture notes.
Lennon Sharp & Michaela Manfull)
An illustration created by Michaela Manfull of Norm the Knight holding a sign. Humans can accurately write words, unlike Generative AI.
Are Chatbots Harming Students?|
As AI chatbots become more advanced, professionals are becoming increasingly aware of their potential dangers and advantages
by Riley Jensen rjensen810@g.fhsdschools.org
There is no doubt that Artificial Intelligence poses dangers to personal security, employment and classroom learning. Nevertheless, many professionals in business and educational fields are resolute that tools such as chatbots have the potential to become the most useful resource for problem solving, customer service and mundane tasks that most workers would rather forfeit. As time passes and AI rapidly improves in imitating human intelligence, the line between useful and ethical has become increasingly blurred.
“[AI chatbots] can communicate with people in a way that’s almost indistinguishable between AI and a human,” Drake University Associate Professor Chris Snider said. “But, you know, hopefully we’ll create some new jobs down the road for humans because of these tools.”
Companies that run chatbots such as Botpress, Intercom and OpenAI, have full reign over the information given to them via human interaction. People who use technology like ChatGPT might think their conversations are confidential, but if they were to read the fine print, they would recognize that is not the case.
“If you’re entering information into [AI Chatbots] right now as a free user, they have the right to use, use and learn from that information,” Snider said. “If you pay for these models, a lot of the time, you can turn that off so that they do not retain your data. But I think we need to be aware of the information you put into these tools, especially if you’re using them for free.”
Currently, one of the biggest concerns with AI is the possibility of chatbots taking
over jobs, most notably customer service, research fields and potentially even education positions. Some people fear that AI companies will overstep their bounds and society will slowly transform into a place completely run by computers. While some argue this is completely impossible due to government intervention, some people think that a society run by AI would be a beneficial development.
“Technology is changing the way we do things, especially with jobs, but our educational institutions are almost concrete,” Daniel Lamb, FHN history and psychology teacher said. “It’s almost like we refuse to adapt in certain directions. As a teacher who would be sacrificing my own job, if an AI is teaching class in a way that better uses our resources and kids learn better that way, then I’m all for it. But I do think, at some point, missing out on social interaction with a human will lead to consequences we may not see immediately.”
Chatbots can also be damaging on a more social level. The prospect of AI acting as a real person to comfort someone in a dark place has been around for as long as the development of AI itself. According to Lamb, AI friends, boyfriends or girlfriends can potentially be damaging to someone’s psyche.
“When you need something or somebody to communicate with, and for some reason you can’t find a friend to relate to, you create an artificial one,” Lamb said. “In really formative years, if you miss out on social interaction, it could really permanently alter you.”
The usage of AI in companies in the last four years has grown exponentially as the technology advances
by Haley Beffa hbeffa397@g.fhsdschools.org
(Photo Illustration by Michaela Manfull)
company while the world was on pause.
Larger businesses have been using AI to gather personalized data analysis, to engage their customers and to reduce manual mistakes made by employees. This also helps small businesses grow and develop by using the advanced technology to help with statistics and insights for their company.
“We want the human to do things that only a human can do,” Joe Strobel, an employee at Fidelity and Guaranty Life said.
AI has been a helpful tool for F&G, a popular insurance company. The company has started using AI within recent years, implementing it into their system to help with transcribing meeting notes and limit down the securities they use in their business. After AI became a more widely used tool within the company, F&G found that they were saving their users anywhere from two to eight hours while working with them, opening up opportunities for the workers to have more time to focus on other aspects of their job, and cutting down how long users would have to spend on the phone.
“It frees up our accountants to do more higher level thinking,” Strobel said. “They’re happy with the results and more free time.”
With the growing usage of AI in more and more companies comes the downside of
internet or power goes out, they could lose all progress that was made in training the AI.
F&G finds it hard to reassure their employees that the computer knows what it’s doing, since their accountants are very particular with how their work is done and the quality of it. Even after being shown that the program knows what it’s doing, the accountants still find themselves checking over what work the AI did to make sure it’s up to company standards.
“The biggest downside is trying to figure out how AI is going to fit into our control environment,” Strobel said. “Getting everybody up to speed with AI is definitely a challenge.”
Looking into the future, companies like F&G can see AI being a permanent part of their business. With the system already being put in place for things like phone calls, meetings and organizational tools, the company was able to cut down workers who averaged 50 hours a week, down to 40.
This helps save the company money with the lesser hours, letting them focus more on other investments to further their business.
“It is an interesting concept, and I have enjoyed working with it,” Strobel said. “It’s not as easy as flipping a switch, but it is an exciting time.”
How Is AI Ethically Used In Video Production?|
Rebecca Clayton answers questions regarding the use of AI at her workplace, Fierce Creative Agency, which specializes in marketing (Content by Abby Dunbar)
Can you describe how your company uses AI?
I am the video producer at Fierce Creative Agency. So recently, I’ve used AI to help with voiceover on some of our projects. As an example, one of our clients is actually located in Arkansas, and we needed to capture a voiceover of the owner of that company for a video that we were working on.
We couldn’t get to Arkansas to record it ourselves, but we did have previous videos that we shot of him. We actually trained an AI voice simulator with his previously recorded video, and the AI basically recreated his voice. We can plug in any scripts we want, and we can get different variations of his voice.
What do you wish people knew about the way AI is used?
Rebecca Clayton
From our perspective as an office, we try to be really careful with how we utilize it. We try not to use AI to generate completely new elements. We kind of use AI as an enhancement to things that we’ve already done or ideas that we’ve already had.
For us, it’s really important that people understand our ideas are still genuine and real, and AI is just a tool to bring things that we’re already working on to a new and different level, and we’re not necessarily relying on AI to drive our content.
Were you immediately in favor of using AI in your workplace?
Rebecca Clayton
I personally was not. I was in the belief that AI was pulling from existing art and regurgitating something that didn’t feel genuine.
But the more I work with AI, the more I realize there’s a lot of use for AI that isn’t necessarily generation of new content. It can be specifically used to enhance or to bring something that already exists and already been created to a different level by being able to do things that otherwise would require so much more work, time and money.
Rebecca Clayton
(Photo Illustration by Michaela Manfull & Photoshop Generative AI)
Can AI Be
Used To Help Journalists?|
As the technology advances, journalists struggle to integrate it while upholding the trust of their audiences
by Violet Newton vnewton158@g.fhsdschools.org
With Artificial Intelligence being mainstreamed into our media, classrooms and workplaces, the last group of people to swallow the metaphorical AI pill is journalists. As it truly is a career based on human connections, finding how to keep up with modern technology while upholding journalistic integrity and ethical responsibility poses a unique challenge.
“It’s really hard to say we don’t use AI because AI is in everything,” journalism adviser Michelle Balmeo said. “When you click ‘remove background’ from a Photoshopped image, that’s AI. It’s a really big bucket that we think means ChatGPT, which is a large language model. But when you shop on Amazon, that’s AI. Like, when you get your Spotify Wrapped, that’s AI. It’s everywhere.”
The integration of artificial intelligence into journalism truly is a double-edged sword. While AI tools can revolutionize the industry by enabling faster fact-checking and enhanced data analysis, their use comes with caveats. For example, automated reporting systems could quickly churn out sports recaps, freeing up human journalists to tackle more nuanced stories. However, the speed and efficiency of AI must be balanced against the core principles of journalism: accuracy, accountability and trust.
to replace human effort.
“If we say, ‘We’re going to let people post AI images and we’re just going to credit them and say, this was made by AI,’” journalism adviser Bradley Wilson said. “The problem is that it’s a journalistic website. Somebody seeing that and seeing, ‘Oh, this is an AI-created image.’ You can’t prevent that person from then associating other content on the site with AI. So now every other piece of art, every photograph, every journalistic story, every quote. It almost taints the journalistic work on that site because you’ve opened up the possibility that you’re an organization that allows the use of AI for content creation.”
“A good journalist is going out and talking to real people, and then synthesizing and extracting from multiple conversations with real people. AI, at least right now where we’re at, can’t do that.”
-Bradley Wilson
“I think AI in general is really good at sifting through a lot of data really fast,” Balmeo said. “And pulling out patterns. Pattern recognition, insights, highlights. I think that’s a really good use of AI because that stuff takes a long time if you do it by hand.”
Most journalists and journalism educators agree on one thing: AI should not be used in content creation. This includes generating stories or AI-created images for publication, as it diminishes the human connection from writer to reader. Publications risk losing authenticity and alienating their audiences by allowing AI
When Can Journalists Use AI?|
Try this quiz to see what FHN Media considers ethical in their work (Content by Michaela Manfull)
Can journalists use AI to transcribe interviews?
Yes, as long as they go back and listen to doublecheck the quotes they plan to use in the stories.
Can journalists are working on the website and need help finding a bug in their code, can they ask AI about it?
Yes. AI is a very helpful resource, especially when it comes to things that few people on staff can actually help out with.
Can journalists use AI to generate a photo or illustration to use to accompany a story ?
Along with concerns about the general ethicality of AI, a more pressing issue is that the technology could be weaponized to spread fake news or deepfakes, further blurring the line between what is real and fabricated. When speed takes priority over thoroughness, the industry risks undermining its own credibility, eroding audience trust.
“We don’t want to lose the trust,” Wilson said. “If you look at the Gallup poll on trust in the media, our trust is not at an all-time high by any stretch of the imagination. So, the last thing we want to do is anything that will cause us to lose more trust.”
Journalism thrives on human connections, interviews, lived experiences and empathy. These are all absolutely essential to creating stories that resonate with audiences. While AI can mimic certain aspects of human writing, it cannot and possibly never will replicate the depth and authenticity of human interaction.
“The thing that journalism does is it talks to people,” Wilson said. “A good journalist is going out and talking to real people, and then synthesizing and extracting from multiple conversations with real people, the most meaningful or significant pieces to make sense of something complex. AI, at least right now where we’re at, can’t do that.”
Generally, no. The only exception to this is when it’s deemed necessary for illustrative purposes and labeled as a photo illustration with proper credit to the AI program used.
Can journalists use AI to suggest headlines for their stories?
Yes. Using headline suggestions from AI is acceptable as long as they are changed before being published.
Can journalists use Generative Expand in Adobe Premiere to add additional scenes to clips in a video or in Photoshop to expand a photo?
No. Journalists show the truth, so using AI to add or change things in any kind of media is unethical.
Is AI a tool journalists can use to help edit headlines, stories, cutlines, descriptions and things like that?
Yes. It helps out editors a lot if stories are already spell-checked and checked for grammar, so using things like Hemingway or Grammarly is encouraged, but they still go through human editors before being published.
Do journalists have to let their audience know when they use AI?
Yes. It is noted in an Editorial Policy, as every publication will have slightly differing views. If you want to read FHN Media’s full policy, scan the QR code to the right or go to: FHNtoday.com/editorialpolicy The section regarding AI usage is Section V, Subsection J.
HELP THE MASCOTS FIND THEIR WAY HOME
These characters have lost their way in the newspaper. Help them find their way to their respective pages and stop by room 1224 on paperday for a treat (Illustrations by Michaela Manfull and Haley Beffa)
Wolf Man
Wolf Man seems to have gone missing while scavanging for food. Help him stomp his way back to his home on page 13.
Stephanie Saxaphone
While parading around the newspaper, Stephanie the Saxaphone got herself distracted on the wrong page. Help her jazz her way back to page two to learn more about her band.
Buffy the Soap
Buffy the Soap has slipped his way into the wrong page. Figure out where he snuck off to, and help navigate him back to page 29.
Sudoku (From ehhbooks.com)
Word Search (From Discovery Education)
Word Bank
Finals New Years Cold Warm Resolutions Winter January
(Photo
by Abby Dunbar adunbar938@g.fhsdschools.org
Most teachers know exactly what their teaching path will look like from the beginning of their college career. They may know what they want to teach, or even what grade. Most don’t start as archeologists on the other side of the world, and most don’t have multiple jobs before teaching.
“I went to college for archeology and did a year of postgraduate studies in forensic archeology in Scotland, and then made a career change,” Renae Dorius, North’s French 1 and 2 teacher, said.
Dorius worked to finish her archeology degree by studying and working sites in Jordan and Scotland. In Jordan, she worked on a site on the Adair Plateau, next to the Petra monument. To help preserve the monument, her team was excavating a ceremonial pool.
“The problem is that there’s canyons, and when the heavy rains come this spring, they gather and flood and erode the monument,” Dorius said. “We were re-excavating the pool so that the water would gather there, rather than erode the monument.”
But this isn’t the only job Dorius had before teaching. Her next job was less about what she wanted but what she thought she needed.
“I’m very introverted, and so one reason I decided to become a missionary for a year and a half is to help me grow in that way, to be more comfortable with people, and that’s for sure been helpful as a teacher,” Dorius said.
Her missionary job took her to Tahiti, a French Polynesian island near Australia. While away, she taught English and religious classes to local children. Dorius also picked up on the local language.
“If you’re wanting to learn a language, there’s no harder or faster way to learn a language than immersion,” Dorius said. “French is the main language that is spoken, and I did learn some Tahitian. I learned French in high school, and then in Tahiti, I mostly spoke French for that reason.”
This helped and led her into her next job of teaching French at a St. Louis city school and eventually North. While she may not be able to talk to everyone from Tahiti, the Tahitians have left an impact on Dorius, who uses some forms of learning in Tahiti to help her students.
“Everyone [Tahitians] takes care of each other, doesn’t matter how much they have to sacrifice and spread the money and food around,” Dorius said. “So, they are very warm, and they’re very demonstrative, and they’re very conscientious of making sure everyone’s got a roof over their head and food to eat. So, I do really miss that.”
BLACK ELECTIVE CLASSES
It’s registration time, see the Black History and Black Literature electives being offered next year
BLACK HISTORY
This course will investigate history through the black perspective and provide students a Black History consciousness. Students will study historical and contemporary experiences through a black historical lens to better understand and recognize the accomplishments and achievements of African-Americans in shaping the United States.
BLACK LITERATURE
This course will focus on multi-genre literary works of Black authors and will celebrate the dignity and identity of Black voices. Students will examine the significance of this literary tradition and how it shapes the reader’s understanding of literary works.
LESSONS THAT LAST A LIFETIME
Black History class remains a course after its previous removal and sheds a light on historical impacts shown in today’s society
by Caleb Thompson cthompson211@g.fhsdschools.org
HISTORY OF BLACK HISTORY
In room 1428, during 6th hour, Dan Lamb teaches his Black History class.
In this class, students are educated on many different African-American historical figures, movements and events. The course is designed just as any regular history course, but with a strict emphasis on black American history.
“It’s black history, but it’s also about recognizing the issues going on in the past, and learning about them so we don’t repeat them in the future,” senior Joshua Howell said.
Students learn about important historical events ranging from slavery in the 1800s to today. They cover the historical impact and resonating effects of these events.
“Right now, we’re learning about the LA riots in ‘92,” sophomore Jazmine Malone said. “It shows how the effects of a few cases can affect so many people. It destroyed the community and it cost a lot to build it back up, and not just in terms of money.”
Many of the things taught in this course continue to stay relevant to this day, regardless of if they happened 60 years ago, or three years ago.
Read about the Board of Education’s controversial decision regarding black electives back in 2023.
“It’ll always be relevant, because these things keep happening,” Howell said. “You learn about something that happened 60 years ago, and then you learn about something that happened four years ago. You hear about police killing a black man in the 90s that starts a movement, and you hear about police killing a black man in the
2020s that starts a movement. It keeps being relevant because we keep not doing anything about it.”
There have been arguments regarding the usefulness of teaching this course in schools. Malone speaks on why it is so important that this class be taught.
“I think all ages and all races can learn something from black history,” Malone said. “It’s one thing to know the culture and history of your race as a black person, but it’s also important to recognize the inhumane things we’ve done to each other, and to be able to move on and build a better future.”
Howell shares the ways that learning black history has impacted him personally.
“I think it’s brought me a very deep understanding for my history, and me being black,” Howell said. “It’s shown me how grateful I am for the people who came before me who fought for civil rights, and fought for me to be here today. It’s not just regular history, these things are a part of us.”
The students are not the only ones learning anything, however. This is Lamb’s first year teaching this class, and he feels that his students teach him just as much as he teaches them.
“I’ve learned a lot through my student’s experiences, and what they tell me regarding the topics we cover,” Lamb said. “I’ve learned more in the last three months of teaching this class than I’ve probably learned in the last 24 years of just teaching U.S. History.”
The Francis Howell School District introduced the Black History and Black Literature electives after the BLM protests in 2020
(Photo by Eashaan Patel)
Dan Lamb converses with students in his Black History class. (Photo by Violet Newton)
by Faith Smith)
AROUND THE WORLD
A deep dive into FHN students’ most memorable trips
by Bella Vassoller ivassoller054@g.fhsdschools.org
Together, FHN students have traveled all over the world. Being fortunate enough to have been there, students pay close attention to things they appreciate about the location and what stands out to them about the culture. Being exposed to different cultures expands people’s understanding of the world because it increases their acceptance of all kinds of differences between not only parts of the world, but mostly differences between other people. This helps them better connect, and improve their relationship with all sorts of people around them. (Content by Bella Vassoller, Illustrations by Bella Vassoller and Cheyenne Steed)
“I ended up there because of the Taylor Swift concert, but ended up loving the architecture. It is just really cool, the houses are cool, and the roads are interesting. I liked how you don’t have to really drive anywhere, since there is so much to see and explore in a walking distance.”
Gabby Hatschbach, 10
“We live to work, but they are always working to live. I think it was different from everywhere I’ve been before, everywhere I went there was just a party going on, they were just having fun dinners, everyone was so loud, and they all dressed nice, I just loved that aspect of it.”
Arianna Dangi, 10
“Online, you will see a bunch of crazy stuff, but it’s not everywhere that’s like that. It was all still rich but in culture, the clothes they wear, the way the people are, it’s just rich.”
Ayush Patel, 10
Bogota, Colombia
“There’s always a lot of music playing in Bogota, everyone is pretty nice and helpful, and it was just fun to be there since It’s almost always raining there and they have like a jungle forest scenery behind the city.”
Isabela Castenada, 10
“What most stood out to me was definitely their music and the connection of the people there. I went in 2017, we went to Santiago, and everything there, like the beaches, it’s just different from here, the energy is just different.”
Karley Lewis, 9
Rome, Italy
“I was there for a week and noticed houses weren’t really a place you stay, like in America, everyone kind of stays out, no one really goes home except to sleep or to get ready for stuff. I feel like what most stood out to me were the really nice structures and buildings that were there. The tourism and attractions, everything was just really nice all around.”
Hezekiel Dubale, 10
rural place, you’re pretty far from things, so it’s just convenient.”
Jay Choi, 12
(Illustrated by Cheyenne Steed)
NEW YEAR, NEW ASPIRATIONS
by Sam Hall
shall102@g.fhsdschools.org
The new year is an important time of every year, marking a chance for a fresh beginning. New Years is a time for people to make promises to themselves, and to make positive goals and resolutions. A New Year’s resolution can be anything from starting healthy habits to quitting unhealthy habits.
“I think New Year’s resolutions matter because it strives you to achieve your goals,” freshman Kelsey Spoors said. “My New Year’s resolution was to try harder in school. I can achieve this goal by keeping up with my grades and homework.”
It is important and necessary to allow change in life. Even the smallest changes in a person’s life can give them the biggest benefits. Making a simple change has a lot to do with personal growth, which is significantly important. Creating a new goal and being able to work towards a personal achievement every year can mold who someone becomes. A New Year’s resolution could be something light, such as going to sleep an hour earlier, or it could be a heavier change, such as going to the gym every day. Successfully creating and accomplishing a desired goal can even inspire others to do the same. This is what makes creating New Year’s resolutions such a healthy thing to do every year.
“My New Year’s resolution is to have more confidence in myself,” sophomore Arianna Dangi said. “I think it’s important because self confidence helps you carry yourself better and people will be able to see it and reflect off of it.”
According to Pew Research Center, only 9% of Americans actually complete their New Year’s resolutions. Creating new habits can be difficult, but it is key to expect obstacles during this process. Constantly staying motivated and determined to achieve a New Year’s resolution will determine the best results. A commonly said New Year’s resolution amongst high school students is maintaining and working towards better grades. New Years is the best time to work towards getting better grades, especially moving right into the second semester.
“New Year’s resolutions help you set a goal and it’s something you can look forward to throughout the year,” sophomore Danny Shi said.
BEYOND THE WORK ORDER
District Technicians keep the new FHN building running smoothly behind the scenes
by Michaela Manfull mmanfull438@g.fhsdschools.org
Hearing the phrase, “I guess I’ll have to put another work order in,” from teachers is not uncommon in classrooms at FHN. With Chromebooks, desktop computers and smart panels in just about every single room, there are endless issues to deal with. Adjusting to this new building has been a struggle for everyone, but Trey Lukitcsh, FHN’s designated District Technician, has had one of the biggest jobs to deal with.
“It was crazy at first, but right now it’s currently going smoothly,” Lukitcsh said. “There were quite a few issues with teaching teachers how to use their smart panels and things like that.”
on. Nick Stevens is the District Technician for both Henderson and Harvest Ridge Elementary Schools.
“All the different technicians across the district are split into what we call cover groups,” Stevens said. “Usually, it’s just based on where your buildings are located in proximity to the nearest high school. For instance, North has its own cover group, Howell High has its own cover group, and then Howell Central has its own cover group. Usually each cover group is three to four technicians, so usually we work within those little groups.”
“A lot of it was over the summer, all of us were here helping set up some of the computer labs and stuff, but Trey handled most of it.
District Technicians deal with things like personal devices the district loans out to students, shared devices in classrooms, smart panels and resetting passwords. While they have basic knowledge of the intercom system and auditorium soundboard, they typically contact outside vendors for help on those. While there are tons of new pieces of technology this year, Lukitcsh was not sad to leave some behind with the old building.
I’m sure that was a lot for him to handle moving into a completely new building, but I think he did a good job of getting everything moved over properly.”
-Nick Stevens
When it came time to put together the new FHN building, Stevens was called up to help Lukitcsh with the big move.
“As far as moving technology over, we did a little bits and pieces of it,” Stevens said. “A lot of it was over the summer, all of us were here helping set up some of the computer labs and stuff, but Trey handled most of it. I’m sure that was a lot for him to handle moving into a completely new building, but I think he did a good job of getting everything moved over properly.”
District Technicians are often overlooked. They have to deal with all of the devices across their building, or buildings, for elementary and middle school technicians.
“Projectors,” Lukitcsh said. “I’m glad we’re done with projectors. They went bye-bye. And the old SMART Boards, they went bye-bye too. The AV equipment, too. Just all the old junk around the building is gone now.”
While Lukitcsh is the full-time District Technician at FHN, he has a network of support from others to rely
Both Lukitsch and Stevens have been working as District Technicians at FHSD for around two years now, and despite being spread across different buildings, help each other out often.
“[Nick] helps me a lot,” Lukitsch said. “When I’m gone for vacation or sick or something, he’ll come over and help out, so I don’t come back to a mess.”
Wi-Fi in the school was compromised. (Photo by Violet Newton)
Trey Luckitch aids the FHN faculty and studends with technological support. Luckitch is a part of technicians that help all around the district and serves full time here at FHN. This is his second year in the building. (Photo by Eashaan Patel)
Project is one of many charities in the St. Louis and St. Charles area, but the only one on this list that partners directly with FHSD while helping others in the community. (Photo by
HIDDEN HEROES
These are some local charities and nonprofit organizations to donate to or volunteer at that don’t often appear in the spotlight (Content by Peyton Thies)
Additional Info
This nonprofit organization contributes to the community through hygiene donations, community initiatives and inclusion education. Located in St. Charles County, the organization is built off of the idea that one person can make an impact. They have done events such as toy, hygiene and food drives. Sponsoring or partnering, volunteering and donating with them are all ways to get involved with this organization.
“Most charities you hear of are huge and located in different areas, but knowing that there’s a good one nearby is very nice,” junior Stefania Gentile said. “If they are doing every [type of] drive they can, I think that’s really good.”
Nonprofit
Address: 5377 State Rte N Suite 426, Cottleville, MO 63304
Phone Number: (636) 378-0216
Nonprofit
Address: 1241 Jungermann Rd, St Peters, MO 63376
Phone Number: (636) 697-3525
This is a nonprofit organization that has been directly involved with FHSD and raises money through donations, fundraising, grants and selling items through resale. Over $7,000 were raised for the Meal Assistance Program in the district, however they also get involved with nursing homes. Located on Jungerman road in St. Peters, they are open for volunteers and donations. For steps on how to sign up to volunteer, go to Marcy’s Project website.
“I believe Marcy’s Project was on our schools’ resource list,” counselor Lisa Woodrum said. “I hugely appreciate them. We [still] have so many families on the borderline that don’t qualify that definitely need meal assistance, so that’s a huge help.”
This charity is devoted to giving people hope, dignity and stability back in their lives. Their focus is providing furniture for local families in need and they have helped over 2,500 families going through hardships.
Located in O’Fallon, there are a wide variety of volunteer opportunities flexible to different availabilities.
Volunteers should fill out the form on The Sharing Shed’s website. “I would say it’s important because for us personally, it helps us do a good thing for the people around us,” sophomore Jocelyn Hart said. “We’re helping these kids have a better future in front of them and we wouldn’t be able to afford things all the time, like their bed frames, if we didn’t have people donating to us and supporting us.”
Address: 923 E Terra Ln, O’Fallon, MO 63366
Phone Number: (636) 439-6889
Nonprofit
Address: 2665 W Clay St, St Charles, MO 63301
Phone Number: (636) 674-9572
This nonprofit located in St. Charles focuses directly on the people in the area. They partner with schools, such as the City of St. Charles School District, provide support for single parents and hold hospitality events for first responders. The nonprofit is open to donations and volunteers to “give back to our neighbors”, and is searching for a wide variety of volunteers to meet the needs of all the different families they partner with. Those wanting to volunteer should fill out the form on the We Love St. Charles website.
“I feel like the local ones [charities] are the most important,” junior Anna Bauer said. “It’s affecting where you live and everyone around you.”
fragrance and essential oils made completely from plant parts- and mica for the shimmery decoration in some soap products. Another thing their business prides themselves on is their Makery. The Makery is where they create their products daily and experiment with new fragrances for each coming season.
“When we use our fragrances, and when we are creating new scents, usually we’ll have an idea in mind about what we would like the scent to be and then it’s just a matter of finding the right blend of old and new oils and making sure it works with the specific product,” Victoria Furlong, general manager of the St. Charles Buff City Soap location said.
On top of their unique scents, they have options to host a group of people in their Makery for birthday parties and other events. Guests can have up to 10 people come in and they will provide a short course on how to create custom bath bombs, then leave people to enjoy their time with friends.
Buff City Soap has already shown numerous differences that set them apart from other places and they also happen to be a very service-heavy store. They donate much of their time to partnering with small hospitals and auctions, and even donating part of their profits to charities with specific products.
“I would encourage anyone to go by just saying that the small business experience and the environment’s better, and the people who work there are so nice and helpful,” Langstadt said.
Marcy’s
Violet Newton)
The Sharing Shed
The Love Mission
Marcy’s Project
We Love St. Charles
Charity
There is a wide range of different math classes offered at North. With that, students and
class that they offer here. And I like Pre-Calc because it’s not just Algebra, but it’s Trig too, which is different than any other class.”
Amy
Murray, Math Teacher
TOP 10 MATH EQUATIONS
“Honors Geometry was my favorite. It clicked in my brain the fastest and I had a really good teacher for it. She’s not here anymore, but I just really liked the class.” Charlotte Hillier, 10
Math has been used for centuries to figure out all sorts of things, and with math comes formulas and equations. Equations can be very annoying sometimes, but some days, they can also be easy. It mostly based on how one looks at it (Content by Mahdi Abdallah, Photos from shutterstock.com, Illustration by Michaela Manfull)
1
2
Represented by (x=-b+/- square root( b² -4ac)/2a)The Quadratic Formula is the greatest formula, due to it being so iconic and easy to use. It’s a part of the quadratic functions, and gives the answer to any quadratic problem. All one has to do is plug in a few numbers.
“It’s easy to use, it’s nice, it’s simple and it’s great, I love it.”
- Gibbson Hunt, 9
Y=MX+B
This is the most common formula, and is taught in algebra 1. It is used to represent a line on a graph. It’s the easiest formula to use, and it gives the slope which is represented by m and it gives the y-intercept which is represented by b.
“It’s a cool formula but it’s kind of basic, it’s really simple to use it though.”
THE STANDARD FORM OF A QUADRATIC FUNCTION
Represented by (ax² +bx +c=0), this is a good due to its simplicity. Solving and graphing it is easy if one knows what they are doing.
4
THE AXIS OF SYMMETRY FORMULA
This is the most simple formula as all one needs to do is take b from the quadratic equation and make it negative, then divide it by 2a. It is very simple and extremely useful in solving a problem using the quadratic equation.
5
THE PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM
Represented by (a² +b²=c²), this is a very useful formula for finding out a missing side of a triangle. Not to mention it’s very easy to plug in the numbers, since one can just do the whole thing on a calculator.
STANDARD VERTEX FORM
6
Represented by ( a(x-h)²-k), this is a very common formula, and is part of the quadratic functions. It is very easy to figure out and very easy to change back into standard form.
“It’s really good and I like how simple it is and it helps find transformations.”
- Mathew Villar, 9
7
THE AREA OF A CIRCLE
Represented by A= π r², this is a very basic and easy formula. It is also very well known and it can be easily done on a calculator.
“The formula is so cool, it helped me a lot in seventh grade.”
-Conner Atkison, 9
8
THE FACTORED FORM OF A QUADRATIC EQUATION
Represented by (y= a(x-r₁)(x-r₂)).
This is one of the quadratic equations, and is a very simple, if not sometimes annoying, equation to solve.
9
THE DERIVATIVE OF A CONSTANT
Represented by (d/dx c=0), this is a short and simple calculus formula. It’s used to show that constant variables do not change with respect to x or any other variables.
10
THE SURFACE AREA OF A SPHERE
Represented by 4π r², this is far from the best formula, but it’s still very simple. It’s a simple formula to solve, but not the best to come across.
“I believe it’s really good because I need to know the surface area
- Payton Counsell, 10
“I liked Honors Algebra II because it was pretty fun. Algebra I was really
(Illustration by Haley Beffa)
FEELING SAD? IT’S NOT JUST YOU
Seasonal depression affects people of all ages, motivation and intelligence and is more than just a winter slump
by Naomi VanDyne nvandyne312@g.fhsdschools.org
It’s more than just feeling down in the dumps during the winter. Many people may just glaze over it, but for some, seasonal depression is a struggle they endure each year.
“People might feel like they’re hibernating, so to speak,” licensed professional counselor Scott Thornhill said.
Thornhill works with people of all ages in a private practice in O’Fallon, and works with all kinds of diagnoses such as anxiety and depression. He describes how seasonal depression, also known as “Seasonal Affect Disorder (SAD),” is much like regular depression, but only occurs during specific months. For most people, this is during the winter, but for a select few it can happen during the summer as well. During the winter, SAD has been closely linked to a lack of sunlight.
“The short days make me want to go to bed earlier,” junior Abby Murphy said. “So, I’m not as happy as staying up.”
Sunlight is what gets rid of melatonin in your brain, which is the chemical that makes people feel tired.
“You’re going to likely have more melatonin in your brain during the winter, which just makes you feel sleepier,” Thornhill said. “Serotonin levels can be decreased when you don’t have enough sunlight as well, and so that can also make your mood feel a little bit worse.”
For some, this just naturally happens as light levels begin to decrease. For others, though, SAD may only occur when a dramatic shift happens. This is true for Molly Thomas, a mom who lived in St. Charles for a while before moving to Wisconsin. That first winter after moving, she struggled with feeling down and unenergized.
“I first realized it might be seasonal
depression when we had our first sunny day in weeks and I felt like a different person- light, joyful, motivated, energized,” Thomas said. “After that, a friend recommended that I try vitamin D and that helped some.”
Many people cope through the use of light therapy, which can refer to sitting under a light that mimics sunlight, or taking vitamin D. Others like Murphy cope through activities like listening to music, coloring and hanging out with friends, although she still struggles with school during the winter months.
“Some of the hardest parts of having seasonal depression are getting stuff done with the amount of time that I have, and sticking with sports and my classes,” Murphy said.
While at school, other suggested strategies are talking to trusted teachers or even the school counselors.
“The more the students are connected to people and doing things that keeps them connected, the more engaged that they feel, and all of that’s going to factor into it,” responsive services counselor Ann Herman said.
Community is very important, not only for SAD or regular depression, but for any mental condition and for people as a whole. Looking forward, many people hope that society can better understand SAD and empathize with those who have it.
“I think that normalizing it and making people feel less alone in it would be very beneficial,” Thomas said. “My husband is a counselor and he sees a huge increase in intakes at the start of winter due to seasonal depression. This was reassuring for me that I’m not crazy and that a lot of people experience this.”
If you or someone you know struggles with seasonal depression or other mental health issues, know it’s okay to ask for help. Here’s how to do that.
1
Contact Your Grade Level Counselor
By contacting your counselor about ongoing mental health issues they can host a consultation for you and give you further help based on the consult. Scan the QR codes around the school to request a meeting.
2
SAMHSA National Helpline
Text or call the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration helpline to get Information and referalls to treatment for mental illnesses, like seasonal depression. Phone number: (800)662-4357 To text: Text your zip code to 435748 Or scan the QR code below to visit their website:
CREATIVE PHONE DESIGNS
Students show off their creative wallpaper designs
by Nylah Smith nsmith474@g.fhsdschools.org
3
NIMH
If you are interested in learning more about the symptoms, cause, and treatment for seasonal depression or other mental health issues, visit the National Institute of Mental Health’s website by scanning the QR code below.
There are many ways people can show off their creativity and their creations from art shows to display on their phones. With the new craze of the iOS wallpaper and widget display, people have been showing off how creative they can be with their wallpaper designs.
Cloei Evans, 12
“I feel like mine is very aesthetically pleasing because it has cute photos and it’s [designed] based on my favorite anime ... It took me three hours to create and I would spend even more [time] because I got more of my pictures online, so I just want to practice to make it my own.”
Caitlin Casewell, 12
“I just like aesthetics… [I chose] all the characters I liked and wanted to make it ... I like showing off my phone screen to people and enjoy when people see it.”
(Illustration by Naomi VanDyne)
Time to start thinking about schedules for 2025-26... and we’ve got 3 great classes for you.
BROADCAST
JOURNALISM
You can get a 1/2 credit of Comm Arts towards the 4 you need to graduate and you’ll become a better writer, speaker and videographer. It’s a great class to take if you want to become a part of the FHNtodayTV or Podcast teams.
JOURNALISM
You can get a 1/2 credit of Comm Arts towards the 4 you need to graduate and you’ll become a better writer and designer. You can take this class and join staff second semester. It’s the class most people entering the FHN media program take.
DIGITAL
PHOTOJOURNALISM
You can get a 1/2 credit of Practical Arts towards what you need to graduate and you’ll become a photographer and multimedia creator in the process.
REBUILDING THE ROSTER
by Jackson Schneider jschneider329@g.fhsdschools.org
The Howell North girls’ basketball team is experiencing a great change. Three key seniors—Kendra Swope, Alcia Hunn and Evie Kraus—who provided both leadership and skill have departed. Their absence, of course, is felt on and off the court, and the team has to recalibrate to not just ‘replace’ these players but also engage in a new sort of culture for a new school, which leads to new players stepping up, new plays, different rotations and an overall new style of basketball.
Find More
Read more about how the 2023-24 season ended last year on FHNgameday.com by scanning below.
This year’s squad also has last year’s high expectations to live up to. This year’s Shooting Guard, Courtney Epplin, talked a little about the challenge faced by returnees and newcomers to recalibrate in a new season with new players but also in meeting last year’s expectations.
The team’s accomplishments will depend on their performances and how they deal with the challenges.
“Our captains, Addie Butler, Addy Jones and Morgan Smith have all stepped up this year, both on and off the court, to push our team to get better every day,” Epplin said.
The leadership of these captains has been evident so far this season and only seems to be getting stronger as the season progresses.
The rebranding of the team has been evident with new leaders that might have been quiet last season.
“This season is a rebuild for us,” Epplin said. “Losing three key starters has opened up a lot of opportunities for the other girls to step up and fill those roles.”
Many players have a positive outlook on the year ahead.
“It’s just high school basketball, and we try not to overthink the little things,” Smith said.
BONDING FOR THE FUTURE
by Ezana Dubale edubale460@g.fhsdschools.org
The focus of this year’s swim team was obvious: team chemistry. This year’s varsity swim team looked to have huge potential this year more than ever. With plenty of new students trying out, the size of the team exploded.
“This year, we have almost doubled our current members joining,” three-year varsity swimmer Riley Jensen said. “So, that’s going to make a huge difference for us. The more swimmers you have, the more points you can get, and the better our team can do.”
This large increase in players has made some of the seniors who will be leaving this year rethink their focus on the team. New people need time to get better, and the seniors focused on building support around the new swimmers, and leaving behind all the advice and help they can give. They pushed to create a positive environment where the new players are encouraged to take their time and work together while they get better.
“I’m a senior and we’ve all talked to each other and we want to focus on team bonding and unity between seniors and freshmen,” three-year senior swimmer Madeline Dustin said. “We’re leaving behind as much as we can to the freshmen so they can keep going strong when we graduate.”
The swim team will have seniors such as Dustin
UPCOMING SWIM MEETS
BEST OF: MEDIA DAY
helping with these big changes.
“We’re focused on rebuilding our team atmosphere, and making it a positive experience for everyone,” Dustin said. “We’re just gonna come in to teach everyone the basics and work on getting to know everyone as the season begins. Then, we can focus on speed at the end of the season.”
The GACs and state championship will have much more potential this year too, as with more swimmers on the FHN team, there can be more qualifiers from FHN at those meets.
“I really hope we qualify,” Jensen said. “And if we really put the effort in, we could even get a relay swimmer or a few distance swimmers to qualify too.
Smith emphasizes that staying focused on the bigger picture—teamwork, communication, and execution—helps them avoid getting bogged down by minor mistakes. Overthinking those little things are what can be the deciding factor in those close games.
See the top photos of the winter sports media day hosted by FHN Media.
Cameron Portell lines up to shoot a free throw on Dec. 12 against Duchesne. (Photo by Kylie Ramirez)
Jasmyne Moody swims a lap during a meet (Photo by Jordan Ousley).
Cohen Oster, varsity boys basketball Izzy Apple, varsity wrestling
Lito Ledezma, varsity wrestling
Bryce Renz, varsity boys basketball
BEHIND THE SCALE
The hidden struggles of weight cutting and eating habits in wrestling can be extremely difficult and takes self control
by Addy Jones ajones483@g.fhsdschools.org
It can be hard to perform when it comes to high-demanding sports that affect your body. Wrestling is a sport that can affect the participant’s weight and hydration. High school athletes who play wrestling must undergo lots of conditioning and healthy habits to maintain the weight they want to compete in.
When it comes to gaining or losing weight, there are healthy and unhealthy ways to obtain it. Chris Brown, the head wrestling coach at Francis Howell North High School, advises his players to lose it or gain it healthily and safely so that they can compete at the top level.
“Once they pass hydration, they will do skin fold measurements to see how much body fat they have on them,” Brown said. “And that, into a formula, that determines what weight they can wrestle at during the course of the year, and they’re only allowed to lose 1.5% of the body weight per week.”
Wrestlers have to maintain and stay on top of what they eat and how much or little they are eating. When the wrestlers have to eat less or eat more to reach their goal weight, it takes extreme self-control to lose or gain weight quickly. Junior Cole Dillon, who wrestles in the 157lb weight class believes that the hardest part about meeting goal weight is having to hold back on some of his favorite foods and not eat as much as he normally would.
“I like food a lot so not eating is just really hard,” Dillion said
According to Dillon, there are a lot of things that can go wrong if wrestlers aren’t
watching their weight carefully.
“If you don’t make weight and it’s a meet, you can just bump up a weight class so you can wrestle a different weight, but if it’s a tournament you won’t get to wrestle,” Dillon said. “Most of the time when you miss weight you just don’t get to wrestle.”
Making weight for meets and tournaments can be difficult yet very important. Missing a weight could result in missing out on competing and losing points for the team. The whole sport of wrestling depends on the participants’ weight so that they compete at an equal level.
With that being said, health, nutrition, hydration, and eating habits play a key role in the wrestler’s success. If a wrestler does not prioritize those things, it can be hard for them to succeed. Ashlynn Alexander, a sophomore girls wrestler can understand the struggle of maintaining weight. She has certain ways to help her lose weight quickly so that she can maintain her goal weight.
“During practice, if I’m overweight I wear extra layers of clothes. I say no to unhealthy food and try to eat healthier,” Alexander said.
Wrestlers have a difficult and demanding season, but when they are out of season, they can have some more freedom with what they eat and how much they consume. Wrestlers that have goals during their season to place high in standings and win tournaments have to start maintaining their weight earlier and for longer periods than newer wrestlers.
“[For] most of our newer wrestlers, I just tell them weigh what they weigh and wrestle that first year [in] whatever they weigh,” Brown said. “Some of our wrestlers
that have higher aspirations than just being on the team: being a state qualifier, state medalist, or state champ even. A lot of them are watching it sooner. They start cutting out their body fat earlier, getting in a lot of extra workouts, and starting to watch their diet a lot closer. That’s usually a month or two out at the most.”
Not only is diet essential, but hydration is as well. The wrestlers have to pass hydration tests throughout the year to be able to wrestle. If they don’t pass, they must test again 48 hours later. This is done so that they are healthy and able to wrestle at a healthy hydration level. Drinking water is crucial for them when taking the hydration tests especially the day of. Kaitlin Edison, the FHN athletic trainer, tests hydration levels.
“We do the hydration test because if they’re not hydrated enough, their weight’s not going to be accurate,” Edison said. They have to be hydrated enough because the whole purpose of the test is to make sure that they’re at a healthy weight and that they can if they want to go to a lower weight class, they can lose weight healthy and not too quickly.”
Wrestling can be tough and is a huge demand on a student athlete’s body, it takes self-discipline, and healthy habits to succeed. The wrestlers have much support to make sure they are wrestling safely and their bodies are well taken care of.
“I love the friends you make while doing the sport because wrestling just brings you all into one family even though it’s more of an individual sport and I love when we get to go travel to wrestle in tournaments. Those are always super fun,” Dillion said.
Upcoming Streams schedules and teams below for all winter sports UPCOMING STREAMS
Girls Basketball
01/21 @6 P.M. vs. FZW Announcers: Caden Ziha & Jackson Schneider
Boys & Girls
Wrestling
01/22 @6 P.M. vs. FZS
Announcers: Kane Manfull & Braeden Kettinger
Girls & Boys
Basketball
01/31 @5:30 P.M. vs. North Point
Girls announcers: Caden Ziha & Elisabeth Miller
Boys announcers: Morgan Smith & Addy Jones
Senior varsity wrestler
Maddy Howell stands on weigh in scale prior to meet.
(Photo illustration by Eashaan Patel
FROM INJURY TO VICTORY
Boston Winchester makes a grand comeback after a season-long injury
DEC. 2024
NOV. 2023
DEC. 2023
FEB. 2024
Injured before the 23-24 season
Begins physical therapy
by Ezana Dubale edubale460@g.fhsdchools.org
AMakes a full recovery two months later
fter missing last season due to injuries, Boston Winchester returned to the varsity basketball roster ready to assist the team in a highly anticipated comeback.
“I was diagnosed with something called Patellofemoral Pain Disorder,” Winchester said. “I went from activity every single day with basketball to absolutely nothing.”
Patellofemoral Pain Disorder is characterized by pain around or behind the kneecap that is usually aggravated by explosive movements in the knee such as running, jumping, or climbing stairs. It has a variety of causes such as overuse of the knee, foot problems, or muscle imbalance.
The diagnosis devastated him, and Winchester immediately started physical therapy, taking him off the court. The amount of time he would be out would only make matters worse.
“I started going to physical therapy around the time that the fall league started for basketball [last year], and I had to just sit on the sideline watching,” Winchester said. “I wanted to be in there so bad. The hardest part of my recovery was that I had to just watch and I wouldn’t be able to help.”
After his diagnosis, Winchester immediately focused on recovery. The doctors found that his knee had been degrading because his hip muscles were weak. This caused his knees to go inward when he exploded into a jump or sprint. He would go on to hip exercises with resistance bands, then progress to more explosive movements such as small jumps.
“Coach [Larry] Green was a great support,” Winchester said. “He found a couple of workouts specifically for my hips which helped a lot.”
But physical therapy hadn’t always been easy for him. It would take lots of time out of his routine, even long after he injured himself.
“The physical therapy wasn’t difficult in itself,” Winchester said. “I had to do the stretches three times a day for almost two months and it was just so much time out of my day.”
He would miss two months in total. By then, the season was over. Winchester was cleared a week before this year’s tryouts began. This allowed him to return to the court in his first appearance on the team since the 2022-23 season.
The risk of injury continued to be a challenging factor in his return to the court. While Winchester wasn’t too worried about re-injury, his teammates would notice him acting differently.
NOV. 2024
Greenlit a week before 24-25 tryouts Debuts one year later on Dec. 17
“He’s always been reserved,” said Jackson Calhoun, another teammate of Winchester’s. “I’ve heard and seen how he’s not as explosive as he used to be, but he still fills his role just like he used to.”
This sudden change before the season had started wouldn’t only affect Winchester. His teammates immediately noticed something was missing as the games went on without him. As his teammates found out about the injury, it was clear this wouldn’t be good for the team.
“It definitely wasn’t a good feeling,” Bryce Renz, Winchester’s teammate said. “I was really disappointed. It kind of sucks missing a key piece on the team.”
But this didn’t spur the Knights away from their year. They continued to push through without him and supported him every step of the way. Despite the hardships he went through during his recovery, his team never abandoned him.
“We would just root for him while he’s on the sidelines,” Renz said. “We were always there for him if he needed help with something.”
Winchester wouldn’t abandon the team either. He even pitched in during his newly found offtime doing everything he could for his team.
“Even though I was injured, I was still going to all the games,” Winchester said. “Even if I wasn’t able to play, I was still able to help out the freshmen and stuff like that.”
Boston, however, would soon see progress after his return.
“Before the injury, I had just started to consistently dunk, and I could do self-lobs too,” Winchester said. “I was able to, against my therapist’s recommendations, dunk a week after I started physical therapy. Being able to dunk so soon after physical therapy gave me hope for recovery.”
Eventually, he recovered, learning about himself in the process.
“I learned that I can be very persistent when I want to be. I wanted nothing more than to recover from this injury and get back to playing the game that I love. It made me realize that, if I put my mind to it, I can recover from anything,” Winchester said.
And even though he learned more about himself, Winchester had advice for others too.
“Listen to your physical therapist,” Winchester said. “It’s never a good idea to just push through serious pain. I never did any of that general upkeep stuff, like I never iced my knees, I would just take Ibuprofen and get back out there. But now I know you should always take care of your legs because they’re the most important thing to you in basketball.”
PUGH FOSTERS BRIGHT FUTURES
TRAINING TUNES
From “Espresso” by Sabrina Carpenter to “Humble” by Kendrick Lamar, music motivates athletes to preform at their best even if the song is unconventional. Check out what FHN athletes are listening to prepare on game
“Last Lap by Rod Rave really calms me down before games.” Isaac Butler, 9 Boys Basketball
Rowan Pugh has coached many student-athletes to succeed different seasons
by Sagar Singh ssingh266@g.fhsdschools.org
While many know Rowan Pugh as the cheerful teacher that they see in the hallway or as their English teacher who also sponsors various clubs, what many may not know is that she has had an incredibly long track record of swim coaching.
“I had a really rewarding time in sports, and as a coach, I want to give these swimmers the same type of experiences that I had,” Pugh said.
Over this past summer, Pugh was able to travel to Austin, Texas, to learn and work with coaches from the University of Texas Swim Team to use in her high school coaching.
“It was a really nice time being able to work alongside Olympic-level coaches,” Pugh said. “I would start the day off having breakfast with the team at 7 a.m. and do drills and coaching till room checks at 11 p.m.”
when you have that connection you can motivate them more and tailor your coaching to each individually,” Pugh said.
Some students at Francis Howell North have been able to continue a sports career in college with the help of Pugh’s coaching. Olivia Van Horn, who was coached by Pugh for four years in girls varsity lacrosse, committed last month to play Division 2 Women’s Lacrosse in North Carolina.
“She’s incredibly passionate about what she does and it’s contagious to the point where it really makes you want to try your absolute best,” Van Horn said.
“Connecting with students on a personal level is helpful, because when you have that connection you can motivate them more and tailor your coaching to each individually.”
-Rowan Pugh
Some more of her coaching feats include coaching Francis Howell students Riley Jensen and Katie Faulker to become the top 30 swimmers in the state of Missouri and she has helped North produce four college athletes in 2024 alone.
“I listen to calming songs like “Try Peace” by Tiana Major9. This song helps me clear my mind before my races.”
“I’ve been listening to a lot of Noah Kahan. I’m more of a slow james person.” Rowan Pugh, Coach
Want more sports?
THRIVING ON VARSITY
by Jocelyn Kuker jkuker325@g.fhsdschools.org
Coming in as a freshman on FHN’s varsity wrestling team has been a smooth transition for freshman Noah Brown. This change is something he’s been preparing for. He had an idea of what he wanted the season to look like and how it would be helpful for him.
“This season will really fit into the goals I’ve set for myself by giving me the biggest challenge I’ve faced of being a freshman on varsity,” Noah said. “But it will make me a lot stronger mentally by facing adversity and challenges.”
Having practiced with older guys for years has made an impact on Noah’s skills and put him ahead of the competition. Many can see the difference it makes when he’s out on the mat competing.
“I’ve been overcoming adversity by putting myself with bigger kids in the practice room to help deal with kids who are stronger than me,” Noah said.
Noah also has a specific goal he wants to meet this season. This is something he’s wanted to achieve for a while and hoping he will accomplish.
“This year my goals are to win districts and place in the top three in the state,” Noah said.
His coach, Christopher Brown, also sees the potential in Noah and is hoping for a medal this year. He’s confident in Noah’s abilities and feels that he’s a perfect fit for varsity.
“He’s been wrestling at a pretty high level for a while, so I think he just naturally fit right into the varsity spot,”
See for Yourself
See the full multimedia project with a video created by Laney Quandt by scanning the QR code below.
One of the many people she was able to meet with was Bob Bowman, someone who helped coach Micheal Phelps during his preparation for the Olympics. Experiences like these, Pugh says, allow her to grow as a coach and provide her swimmers at North with the same type of high-caliber guidance that she’s gained throughout her career.
Outside of the college and high school scene, Pugh is involved with her local YMCA as a coach for swimmers at the middle school level.
“Connecting with students on a personal level is helpful because
“The best piece of advice that I could probably give would be to listen to all the previous coaches no matter how different or separate they might be from you or your sports, they all have some sort of input that can be really valuable,” Pugh said.
Pugh has had coaching experience that ranges from middle school club teams to NCAA Division 1 college prospects, and yet she still has many more years here to produce even more successful athletes from the area.
“I like being able to help people achieve their fullest potential, and that’s part of the reason why I became a teacher,” Pugh said.
Learn more about Pugh in her journey from FHN swimmer to FHN coach in a video made by Olivia Graeser. Watch this video and others on FHNgameday.com.
Christopher said.
Christopher also believes that varsity has been a positive influence on him overall as a wrestler, and has had an impact on the way he takes advice, as well as his openness to adjusting to criticism.
“His mindset has gotten a lot better about certain things and he’s more open to feedback,” Christopher said.
As a whole, both Noah and his coaches are shooting for a district win and a win at state.
“We’re definitely hoping to make a state champ out of him,” Christopher said.
Noah Brown responds to officials stoppage vs. Palmyra Wrestler at Orchard Farm Quad meet on Dec. 5. (Photo by Kyra Landers)
On Dec. 12, coach Rowan Pugh consults with junior Jasmyne Moody during the swim meet against Holt at the St. Peter’s Rec Plex. (Photo by Nate Carney)
BEST OF WINTER SPORTS
Take a look at some of the best moments captured during the 2024-25 winter sports season
KNIGHTLINE
GIRLS WRESTLING
Junior Jenna Martinez tries flipping a SCW opponent on her back by keeping a strong hold on and circling her to go for a pin to win her match at Orchard Farm on Dec. 5. “Regardless of me being nervous before my matches, I still have confidence in some, more than others,” Martinez said. “When I ended up winning, it was such a relief. Not only because of the intensity of it but because I did win by a pin compared to points.” (Photo by Kiley Wallace)
CHEER
GIRLS BASKETBALL
Junior Reece Arehart performs a dance called “I’m Different” during a timeout at a varsity basketball game against Ritenour High School on Dec. 4. (Photo by Brianna Dunham)
On Dec. 11, junior Addy Jones guards a FZE player in the first varsity girls basketball game of the season at Fort Zumwalt East. (Photo by Mallory Barker)
Senior Elizabeth Kreifels, freshman Ella Sitarski and freshman Kalynne Massman performs during halftime at the Dec. 17 varsity boys basketball game against Warrenton. “We wear our new uniforms at all
GIRLS SWIM
Junior Riley Jensen swims her final lap during the 100 butterfly event at the girls swim Tri-meet. The meet was against Fort Zumwalt West and Timberland at the St. Peters RecPlex on Dec. 14. “During practice we try to pace ourselves, so we know how to improve during our meets,” Jensen said. Swimmers competed in various events throughout the evening, showcasing their diving and swimming skills in the pool. FHN took second overall in the meet. (Photo by Jordan Ousley)
BOYS
BASKETBALL
Senior Tyger Kibera goes for a layup in the first varsity boys basketball game of the season on Dec. 4 against FZE. (Photo by Mallory Barker)
BOYS WRESTLING
On Dec. 11, sophomore Wyatt Dannegger wrestles to win points for the Knights in a rivalry match against the FHC Spartans. (Photo by Mady Brewer)
“I DIDN’T THINK ABOUT JOURNALISM WHEN I GOT TO HIGH SCHOOL, BUT I TRIED IT ANYWAY. I REALLY LIKED TO DO ART AND WASN’T SURE IF I’D FIT IN ON A STAFF FOCUSED ON WRITING. NOW, I’M FOUR YEARS INTO THE PROGRAM AND NOT ONLY DID I WRITE STORIES I AM PROUD OF, BUT I’VE ALSO GOTTEN TO ILLUSTRATE, DESIGN, LEARN ADOBE PROGRAMS AND MAKE FRIENDS AND CONNECTIONS EVERYWHERE. I’M EVEN CONSIDERING GOING INTO COMMUNICATIONS IN COLLEGE.”
—Michaela Manfull, North Star Editor-in-Chief FHN Media
ENROLL IN A JOURNALISM CLASS FOR NEXT YEAR. Journalism - (Writing & Design Focused) - 1/2 Comm Arts Credit & Dual Credit Option Broadcast Journalism - (Video Storytelling Focused) - 1/2 Comm Arts Credit Digital Photojournalism - (Photography) - 1/2 Practical Arts Credit ALREADY TAKE AN INTRO COURSE? JOIN STAFF. Applications for 2025-26 are available now. Find out More at www.FHNtoday.com/TellMeMore
Photo by Mady Brewer
Illustration & Design by Nadia Okilee
1
TOP10 FONT S
You can’t judge a book by its cover. However, you can judge it based off of the font. Some people will go for Times New Roman, while others will be rebellious and go for Comic Sans. Or, maybe the font choice will be some a random font. Whatever the choice, these are the best ones out there. Consider this exclusive font guide the next time you go to write a paper (Content by Claire Locke)
TIMES NEW ROMAN
It’s everyone’s go-to font for school, work, and anything else that requires a bit of a professional touch. It is well loved by most students and teachers, especially the ELA community.
“I would say Times New Roman, because I think it looks very exquisite on the paper, and very professional. Almost every teacher uses it.”
-Brady Forbes, 10
2
PHILOSOPHER
A very similar font to Times New Roman, with the same class and professionalism that Times has, but with a modern flare. It is easily readable in a way, that some of the modern fonts aren’t. It allows for an almost softer look when typing with it.
3
MONSERRAT
One of the more modern fonts, with not much variation in the thickness of the letters. This creates a nice effect in slide shows. It is a good all-around font, seeing as the letters can be made thicker, or thinner, on command. So, if there’s ever a limit to types of font on an assignment, this would be a great choice.
4
GARAMOND
The perfect font for a classy, yet casual look. It’s great for typed letters to peers and colleagues.
“Garamond is a good choice, it’s very structured with a little seraph to it. It’s formal and informal at the same time, so it’s more practical than anything.”
-Colin Smith, 12
5
COMIC SANS
This is it. The font that has caused a ruckus in the online world. A very playful and casual font that makes it great for anything casual. But for anything else, it would be advisable to rethink your choice.
6
ARIAL
This is a controversial choice. On one hand, it’s very basic, simple, and easy to read. On the other hand, there are many other fonts that are similar to this. Arial is the most basic out there. It’s just there.
“Arial should not be the default font. It’s so simple. It doesn’t bring any emotions to me. It [sits] there, waiting to get changed to a better, unique font. “
-Sophie Lumetta, 9
7
OSWALD
This is a common font to see in presentations, business proposals, school, etc. There’s nothing inherently bad about it, but it’s one of those fonts that gets used so much.
8
FIRA MONO
Sometimes, writers want to feel like they’re writing on a typewriter, and that’s okay. That’s what this font is. It looks like font that’d appear on a printing machine in the fifties. Very classy, very fun.
9
AMATIC
A simple font in theory, but a very popular choice for slideshows, and other simplistic projects. It has a nice thin look with interesting characteristics, without being overwhelming.
10
ALGERIAN
Everyone has a font that rubs them the wrong way, whether it’s cursive from 3rd grade stories, or a big fancy title font on a book. Algerian is a cool font, but it’s seen over and over again, mostly in slide shows.
“My least favorite fonts are anything that’s busy, like Algerian. [It’s] lots of fancy stuff.”
-Debb McDonald, Media Specialist
BILLIONAIRES ARE NOT OUR HEROES
Why the rich should not be idolized as much as they are
wealthy have a sort of mythical status. They’re seen as the embodiments of the American dream: people that start from humble origins, work hard and rise to the upper echelons of society as a reward for all of their hard work. It’s a fantasy that compels us to work our hardest, but that’s all it is: a fantasy. Our perception of the wealthy is warped. They are not like us, they are not our friends and they are most certainly not role models we should idealize.
Even a cursory glance at the stories of some of the wealthiest men in the world makes it evident that there is a disparity between the plucky, bootstrap-y tales we so often attribute to them and reality. Jeffrey Bezos, Mark Zuckerberg and Elon Musk all received thousands of dollars from their parents to start their businesses, with Elon’s money literally coming from emerald mines of apartheid-era South Africa, one of the most prominent examples of wealth inequality in history.
While it would perhaps be a generalization to say that no millionaires and billionaires earned their wealth without using the wealth and privileges of their birth, one thing is certain: the rich will get richer. This only becomes more clear as the rich opt to pass their wealth onto their children creating a generation that have become billionaires without working a day in their lives. This undermines the very idea of financial success coming from hard work.
Some may argue that one’s worthiness of wealth depends not on how they acquired their money, but how they use it. After all,
UNDERRATED
Here are a few lesser known places in the area to check out when in the mood for something a little different.
This restaurant offers a number of unique cajun and Haitian dishes. This eatery is a delightful little piece of Louisiana that everyone should try at least once.
with more money than most would see in a dozen lifetimes, one has the potential to do some incredible good. Alas, most wealthy people opt to spend their wealth either on accumulating even more money or on obscene luxuries. Perhaps the most infamous symbols of luxury are private jets which are widely criticised for their frequent use and carbon emissions, which contribute to environmental decline. While the rich can spend their money as they please, spending it in a way that actively makes the world a worse place for the people whose work is responsible for their wealth is a slap in the face to the working class.
More telling than what the wealthy do spend their money on is what they do not. It seems that philanthropy is not in the nature of the wealthy. According to Forbes’ 2024 Philanthropy Score, the 400 wealthiest people in America have donated just 5% of their wealth, a disappointing figure in the face of the many causes that desperately need financial support. Furthermore, the wealthy have shown time and time again that they do not care for the working class. Be it through subpar pay, horrid working conditions or mass layoffs in the face of financial struggle, their utter disregard for the lives of the people enabling their luxurious lifestyles becomes apparent.
It is a stretch to call all millionaires and billionaires “evil.” Many wealthy individuals have committed to philanthropy and done excellent work to improve the world for everyone. However, it is important that we create a distinction between success and goodness. While many have come to idolize the rich and aspire to be like them, this is a misguided and irresponsible perspective. In a world where the rich hold more power than ever before, it is of the utmost importance that we learn to distinguish between wealth and strength of character.
This small restaurant offers an assortment of masterfully prepared meals. If you’re looking to try something you’ve never had before, this is the place to go.
On top of delicious baked goods, this charming little bakery also serves breakfast sandwiches made with freshly baked buns making them a great place to start your day.
enticing to someone visiting a new place. However, I have found that the best food comes from places you may only be able to see through a tiny ordering window. This was the case for me while I vacationed in San Diego this past summer.
After biking for miles on a boardwalk by the beach, my family and I wanted to get some California burritos. A burrito with carne asada, typical burrito ingredients and french fries. There were plenty of places advertising with big signs and lines of people waiting. Some locals had mentioned that a block down the beach there was a place better than any other shoreside shop. We biked onto a little sketchy street and soon found ourselves in front of a taco and burrito shop.
Despite flying under the radar, this Korean restaurant has consistently satisfied its customers with authentic, delicious Korean barbecue. Asian Kitchen Korean Cuisine
It was a little building with the restaurant’s menu plastered on the outside wall and a small window cut out. The place had no dining tables or inside seating. Most people sat on the curb with a burrito in one hand and a napkin in the other. It was a hole-inthe-wall of a weird little street. I ordered a burrito and it came in no time. I joined the others on the curb becoming one of the burrito-napkin people. I stained my shirt with some salsa, but it was so worth it. That was the best California burrito I have ever eaten in San Diego.
This window restaurant with good food is not my only encounter with this type of restaurant. It seems like everywhere I go my family stops at some small, unknown shop. The food always becomes a highlight of the trip, has a story to go with it or sticks out as the best meal of the trip.
(Illustration by Amari Ammons)
The Crooked Boot
The Lucky Accomplice
Knead
(Illustration by Cheyenne Steed)
PRIORITIZE FUTURES NOT FINALS
The proposed change to the finals system may sound daunting but if used correctly both learning and mental health can be put forward
or many students, the most stressful time of the year sits right between early December and the end of January. With the holiday season approaching, the end of the semester looms ahead meaning only one thing. Finals.
Background
Within the last five years, the Francis Howell School District’s semester final system has changed over and over again, a repetitive cycle that all began after COVID-19 moved things online. For years, it was that all finals were worth 20%, then with the stress and volatility that came with Covid, finals were abolished for two short years. Since the fall semester of 2021, finals grades have all been worth 10% for all classes.
However, this school year brought back the debate as to whether FHSD should go back to the way it was, having all finals be worth 20% of the final semester grade for students. The Board of Education took a very cautious approach to this as to figure out what was best for the student body, teachers and parents in the district. They assembled a focus group of teachers and administrators from all over the district to evaluate what was best for the schools.
They had three meetings before coming to a final pitch for the board, going over various sets of data regarding the efficacy of different final weight percentages, reviewing survey results regarding the thoughts and opinions of parents and students in the district, and finally coming to a conclusion on what they thought would be the best system for all parties involved.
If the board approves this decision starting at the beginning of next year, teachers will have the option to weigh finals anywhere from 10% to 20%. This percentage will be decided for that course for the whole district, meaning every English I class within the district will have the same final weight percentage.
This will be brought to the policy committee on Jan. 27. This would then go for BOE first read in February and a final read and vote in March.
Our Take
With the stress finals already presents, having the weight of finals be 10% makes the brutal reality just a little bit easier to swallow. The perfect weight to make finals important, but not make or break your grade. Keeping the final grade weight at or around 10% helps represent all students in an equitable manner and relieve stress, all while
still preparing students for life after high school. With the new system in place for the upcoming school year teachers must begin thinking about what the best weight for their class will be. Year-long classes like English and Algebra already test students throughout both semesters in unit tests and would be best fit keeping grades at 10%, as it’s less of a benchmark for those classes. However, for semester classes bringing the weight up to 15% or 20% makes a little bit more sense.
Equity
High schoolers are at a stage of brain development where the prefrontal cortex, the area responsible for decision-making, stress regulation and executive functioning, is still maturing. High-stakes testing disproportionately increases stress and anxiety in younger students, impairing their ability to perform to their fullest potential. When exams account for a larger percentage of their grades, students often experience test anxiety, which can negatively affect memory retrieval and problem-solving skills. By keeping finals at 10%, schools can ensure a more fair representation of students’ knowledge without disproportionately penalizing those who struggle under pressure.
Along with concerns for less-skilled test takers, higher percentage weights affect students from underprivileged backgrounds or those with learning disabilities. According to the Intercultural Development Research Association, these high-stakes assessments can increase dropout rates among minority populations and students from low-income
(Illustration by Cherry Clark)
THE WEIGHT SURVEYED
Student and parent responses to a district wide survey sent out regarding finals
When would you prefer to take your first semester final exams?
Before winter break
After winter break
NORTH STAR
NORTH STAR
Editors-in-Chief
Editors-in-Chief of News: Michaela Manfull Violet
News General Staff:
What exam weight do you feel would best represent your knowledge and skills in a course?
Editors-in-Chief
backgrounds. This system penalizes students who face external stressors, such as economic insecurity or family responsibilities. Raising finals to 20% could intensify these inequities, as students who lack resources for private tutoring or test preparation would face an even steeper disadvantage. Maintaining a 10% to 15% weight range ensures that finals complement, rather than overshadow other forms of assessment like performance tasks that provide a fuller picture of a student’s abilities.
Post High School Preparation
A lower weight for finals encourages students to focus consistently throughout the semester rather than relying on one high-pressure test to “save” their grade. Research by Harvard Graduate School of Education highlights that when final exams carry less weight, students are more likely to study in increments throughout the semester instead of cramming. This approach fosters better study habits, intrinsic motivation and academic engagement, all of which are critical for long-term success. Which assists students in building healthy habits for whatever they plan to do after graduation. In most professional and real-world settings, success is evaluated through ongoing project-based outcomes rather than singular high-stakes assessments. Preparing students for the real world means emphasizing a balanced approach to evaluation that aligns with real-life expectations. Keeping finals at 10% follows this philosophy, as it values consistent effort and reduces the impact of a single day’s
performance.
Stress Reduction
One of the most significant benefits of keeping final exam weights at 10% is the reduction in stress levels for students, creating a healthier academic environment. High school students already juggle multiple responsibilities, including extracurricular activities, part-time jobs and family obligations. Adding the pressure of heavilyweighted finals can be overwhelming, which leads to burnout, anxiety and declines in mental health.
According to the “American Psychological Association”, nearly 45% of teenagers report feeling stressed “all the time” during the school year, with academic pressure being a top contributor. High-stakes exams that carry a large portion of a student’s final grade exacerbate this stress, and often negatively impact their performance and well-being. By maintaining a lower weight, schools can strike a balance. Finals remain important enough to motivate students to study, but not so impactful that they feel debilitating pressure.
Do you understand the grade implications of the final exam and tailor your effort to meet your semester grade goals accordingly?
Presley
Editors-in-Chief of Sports:
Laney Quandt
Editors-in-Chief of Sports:
Sports Editors: Miranda Fabian
Owen Gonzalez
Olivia Graeser
Braeden Kettinger
Lito Ledezma
Sports General Staff:
Ezana Dubale
Max Fitzsimmons
Elise Grimshaw
Addy Jones
Jocelyn Kuker
Wilson Lam
Miriam Lichty
Wilson
Kane Manfull
Elisabeth Miller
Ultimately, a less stressful final test experience allows students to focus on building their knowledge and skills without the added burden of overwhelming anxiety. It ensures that education remains a positive and equitable journey, rather than a source of unnecessary hardship. By prioritizing student bodies’ best interests, the district can continue to foster a culture of balanced achievement and lifelong learning.
Does the weight of the final exam impact your social/emotional well-being?
