Fillmore County Journal - Fall Harvest - 10.28.19

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FALL Harvest A special Section of the Fillmore County Journal

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Monday, October 28, 2019

PROUD TO SERVE AND SALUTE OUR LOCAL FARMERS!

Canton • Chatfield • Fountain • Harmony • Houston • Lanesboro • Mabel • Ostrander • Peterson • Preston • Rushford • Rushford Village • Spring Valley • Whalan • Wykoff

Serio Farms hydroponics What is a fair farm rental agreement? is really growing Landlords, farmers, agribusiness professionals should make plans to attend one of the informative meetings being held across Minnesota. These free meetings are being provided by the University of Minnesota Extension. Farm land rental rates are the largest input cost the farmer has. Determining a fair farm rent agreement is a challenge in today’s economy with current low corn and soybeans prices in 2019. Negotiating a fair rental agreement that satisfies the land owner and the farmer is a challenge. David Bau and Nathan Hulinsky, Extension Educators in Ag Business Management, will provide several ways; by examples, factsheets and worksheets to determine a fair farm land rental rate for both parties. Topics covered at the meet-

BY R ICH WICKS rich@fillmorecountyjournal.com

Autumn is the season of abundance, with fresh local produce available in backyards and farmers markets. But before we know it, winter arrives, and most of our “fresh” produce actually spends many days being shipped thousands of miles to our area. Wouldn’t it be wonderful if we could get fresh, local produce all year long? Thanks to Andrew Serio, owner of Serio Farms, that wish is now a reality. He grows a variety of fresh produce through hydroponics, which means without soil. All of the plants’ nutrients are delivered via water. Andrew recalls how he first became interested in hydroponics. He says, “I was a kid, about 10 or 11 years old,… and we went down to Texas, and we went to a grocery store.” The unique aspect of that grocery store, Andrew recalls, is that above the groceries and shoppers, live hydroponic plants were growing. He was fascinated with the system, and never forgot that experience. In his adult life, Andrew became a truck driver, but a few years ago he got the idea to try hydroponics. He explains, “It started as basically a fun thing to do. I was driving a semi truck. I was working 70 to 80 hours a week. And I was always interested in hydroponics, and so I went and built my first small greenhouse. And I started with 48 tomato plants and about 300 lettuce plants.” Since that was much more than Andrew needed for his own household, he looked for a way to sell his produce. “I started with Four Daughters Restaurant

ings will include local historic and projected farmland rental rate trends, current farm land values and sales, a worksheet that will help determine a fair rental agreement. Input costs for 2019 will be presented along with current 2019 corn and soybean prices. Worksheets will examine 2020 costs and what is affordable rent that a farmer will be able to pay in 2020, the rate of return to the landlord at current market values and examine flexible rental agreements. Make plans to attend one of these meetings now. Attendees will receive several informative worksheets and factsheets that will help to determine what is a fair 2020 farm land rental rate is. The meeting will be held locally in Mabel, Minn., at the Mabel Community Center on December 11 at 1:30 p.m.

Recycling 101: They’re here! Andrew checks on his tomato plants. over by Spring Valley, and the first time I brought those tomatoes in, they said, ‘I’ve never tasted a tomato that tastes like this. These are the best tomatoes I’ve ever tasted.’” From there, word quickly spread, and more restaurants were asking for Andrew’s produce. Before long, Andrew had expanded into a second, larger greenhouse. When asked what makes his tomatoes so popular, Andrew replies that he insists on picking them only when red, whereas most store-bought tomatoes

Photo by Rich Wicks

are picked green, so they can ripen during shipping. He also states, “Mine have a very good, old-fashioned flavor, and they don’t have that hard, solid core.” His tomatoes are now served at a number of area restaurants, including Forager, Blue Duck, Four Daughters, and the Rochester Country Club. He also sells his produce at the Lanesboro Corner Market, Rochester Farmers Market, and Peoples Food Co-op in Rochester. See SERIO FARMS Page 2 ➤

By Drew Hatzenbihler Solid Waste Administrator The Fillmore County Resource Recovery Center just received a total of six dumpsters from Revolution Plastics for recycling agricultural and silage plastics! Before you jump in your car and head down to start Drew recycling, Hatzenbihler take a minute to read this article and read the dumpsters when you arrive to make sure the materials you are throwing in the dumpsters belong there. The new dumpsters are located at the Fillmore County Resource Recovery Center. The address for

those of you that haven’t been there before is 727 Highway 52 in Preston. The dumpsters are located along the highway department building. To find them, keep right as you pull in. The dumpsters are across from the small building in the lot. Your view of the dumpsters may be obscured by a large semitrailer as you pull in. These materials can ONLY be deposited at the dumpsters at the Fillmore County Resource Recovery Center. These materials CANNOT be deposited at the recycling dumpsters located throughout the county. Depositing these materials in the remote dumpsters or anywhere other than the designated dumpsters is considered illegal dumping and carries a fine of $500 or more. See RECYCLING 101 Page 4 ➤


FILLMORE COUNTY JOURNAL

SERIO FARMS

Continued from Page 1

Andrew recalls when he first brought his tomatoes to the Rochester Farmers Market, saying that several people “reluctantly” bought his tomatoes, saying they didn’t expect much

Tomatoes ready for the table.

Monday, October 28, 2019

from hydroponic tomatoes. But, he adds, “The next week, I had a line at my table, and within an hour I had sold out of 110 pounds of tomatoes.” Currently, Andrew grows tomatoes, lettuce, basil, mint, radishes, watercress. Serio Farms is located at 18299 Lonesome Road, just north of

Photo by Rich Wicks

Greenleafton. Regarding his current operation, Andrew states, “I have two other people who help me. One is my dad; he does deliveries. And the other person is my wife. She’ll help with the lettuce, and then she helps with a lot of the bookkeeping.” Since there is no soil used, the base water used in hydroponics is of crucial importance. Andrew tells of his well, which is roughly 640 feet deep, stating, “So by that, I’m getting some of the purest water that there is.” He then adds fertilizer and minerals as needed, and adjusts the pH level of the water. It then runs slowly through a PVC pipe system of his own design, to nourish all of the plants in his greenhouses. Obviously, with any yearround greenhouse in the Midwest, heating and cooling are also major concerns. Andrew explained that he uses “swamp coolers” to cool in the summer, and runs furnaces to heat during the colder months. His second greenhouse was built with a heated floor system, which has handled the worst of Minnesota winters, as he adds, “When it was 38 below zero this last winter, with the wind chill I was at 66 below zero outside, and it was struggling, but one morning it was down to 48 degrees in here.” Andrew showed the “flood and drain” system that he has set up for his mint, watercress and basil. In this system, the plants are simply rooted in river rock, and the fertilized water in pumped in for 12 hours, followed by 12 hours of no water, so that the plants don’t rot. He harvests around 10 pounds of watercress per week. He also grows some hot peppers, adding that he’s had a request to grow the world’s hottest variety of peppers, the Carolina Reaper. He plans to start them soon, saying, “They can grow 10 years, so once I get them planted, I’ll just leave them grow.” But tomatoes are definitely the main crop at Serio Farms, and he says, “I can average, in the summertime, anywhere between two and three pounds per plant, per week. In the wintertime, I’m anywhere between threequarters and a full pound per

Call the FCJ at 507-765-2151 to advertise or offer news tips! plant, per week. Andrew shares that his tomato plants are grown in a horizontal direction at first, and then vertical for the last few feet. An individual tomato plant may grow to 30 feet in length, so it would be unrealistic to grow them completely vertically. He adds that because his plants are in a controlled indoor environment, there are very few insects, but tomatoes do not need insects to pollinate, as they essentially self-pollinate when the leaves move in the breeze caused by his many fans. Some very small insects, such as aphids, and some molds, do get into the greenhouse, so Andrew is constantly on the lookout for these prob-

lems, and works to keep them to a minimum. As Andrew’s business has continued growing, it changed from a “for fun” hobby into a full-time job, and he quit truck driving in April of this year. Now he has plans to expand further into another larger greenhouse, but has not yet decided on the best financing option. He says he’s been approached by people interested in becoming investors, but isn’t sure if he wants to do that, or just take out loans. He says after his planned expansion, “I’ll probably be employing two, maybe three people. It’s good for the community; it’s good for everybody.”

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FILLMORE COUNTY JOURNAL

Monday, October 28, 2019

MDA Grants available for crop improvement research Research supporting growth and sustainability favored The Minnesota Department of Agriculture (MDA) is now accepting grant applications for applied crop research that promotes economic growth and environmentally sustainable practices. The MDA anticipates awarding up to $1,050,000 in February 2020 for proposals

that will improve agricultural product quality, quantity, or value in Minnesota. Research projects are preferred that support communities of farmers that have experienced inequities or disparities. In addition to underserved agricultural producers,

Keep it profitable; keep it safe Combines are one of the largest pieces of harvest equipment and operating them safely can greatly enhance harvest efficiency. John Long, Assistant Professor & Extension Ag Engineer at Oklahoma State University Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering department, says focusing on safety during harvest can help farmers avoid bodily harm and complete harvest in a more efficient way. “Most farmers only use their combines once, maybe twice, each year,” Long says. “We may tend to think of using a combine like riding a bike. Once you learn it you never forget. But combines are large, com-

plex machines. Those with large headers need a lot of area to maneuver and they don’t drive in the same way tractors do. Combines swing quickly and operators need to be very aware of where they’re at and what’s around them.” Long recommends that experienced combine operators thoroughly review combine manuals prior to harvest to refresh their understanding of the machine’s controls, features and safety precautions. Operators using a combine for the first time should allow ample time to thoroughly read the machine’s manual and become thoroughly familiar with operating instructions and instruc-

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preference will also be given to applicants researching crops that have limited access to other research funds and those that have financial support from participating partners. Minnesota-based organizations with agricultural research capabilities may apply for fund-

ing to improve the state’s $10 billion crop production industry. Grants reimburse the total cost of a project. Applicants can apply for a maximum of $250,000 per project. Applications for the Agricultural Growth, Research, and Innovation (AGRI) Program

tions for safe operation. Well before harvest begins, combine operators are urged to clean the combine to remove any field residue, oil and grease buildup and detect and clear any rodent infestation. Inspecting nuts, screws, shields and sheet metal can help identify any need for replacing or maintaining these parts. This practice helps avoid machine breakdown and can be a key part in preventing accidents during harvest. “By going through the combine prior to harvest and checking all wearable parts such as belts and chains, you can avoid downtime and added harvest pressure,” Long says. “Typically, combines run for long hours at a time during harvest, which pushes engines and all the mechanical parts of the machine. A pre-harvest check of all these parts can help spot any parts at risk for failing during harvest. Repairing or replacing those parts is much easier when you’re in a controlled environment in a shop using air tools than laying on your back under the machine while you’re in the field.” Long cautions operators to thoroughly understand the safety guidelines related to getting under their combine. Even while a combine is in the shop, it’s unsafe to rely 100% on the combine’s hydraulic system if you’re underneath the machine. “Always use safety blocks if you’re working under a combine,” Long says. “Hydraulic systems can fail, so make sure you have a backup system in place. Of course, it’s never safe to have the machine running while you work on it. And you need to give it several minutes for all those machine parts to stop moving before you work on it. Many of those parts have a lot of momentum and take time to slow down and stop.” In addition to all the motion found in a combine, repair can involve many “pinch points,” any place where a person can be caught between two moving parts or a moving part and a stationary part. Shear points are wherever edges of two moving parts move across each other. Wrap points are places where the machine spins at high speed. Hands, limbs, loose clothing or long hair can become entangled in rotating parts, leading to serious or life threatening injury. Pull-in points on a machine are those places where the machine pulls material into the

machine for further processing. Injury in these areas typically occur when someone tries to remove material from the machine or tries feeding material by hand while the machine is running. It’s critical to shut a machine off before attempting to remove material. “The biggest hazard in regard to combines is anything that moves, including the header,” Long says. “Moving combine parts are usually shielded. Make sure those shields are in place or are repaired or replaced if they’re damaged.”

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Crop Research Grant will be accepted until 4 p.m. Tuesday, November 26, 2019. The online application is available at the AGRI Crop Research Grant website https://www. mda.state.mn.us/business-devloans-grants/agri-crop-researchgrant. Funding for the competitive grants was established through the AGRI Program to advance Minnesota’s agricultural and renewable energy industries. Each year, combine fires cause disastrous damage. In most cases, operators manage to escape with little or no injury. However, the economic loss of the combine and setback it causes to harvest activities are very detrimental. “A small hot spot on the combine can quickly spiral into a full blown fire,” Long says. “To avoid fire, look for engine heat. At least 75% of combine fires are initiated in the engine area.” See KEEP IT SAFE Page 4 ➤


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FILLMORE COUNTY JOURNAL

Monday, October 28, 2019

says. “It takes just a few minutes to scan those potential hot spots and know for certain you’re not in danger of igniting a fire.” In refueling, newer combines using diesel fuel pose a lesser threat of a fuel fire, but it’s recommended to allow the engine to cool to some degree before refueling. Older combines, running on gasoline, are more susceptible to fire due to the flammability of the fuel and its vapors. “In the event of a fuel spill, clean it up as much as possible,” Long says. “You don’t want the combine sitting over any area where fuel was spilled because that sets you up for igniting a fire.” A pre-harvest combine check up must include GPS (global positioning systems) and calibration of any other technology included in the combine, such as yield monitors. Even though calibration of this type of equipment is usually taken care of at the time of purchase, it requires regular recalibration. Consult the combine manual for calibration instructions specific to the technology brand. While it isn’t feasible to keep a wide range of replacement parts on hand, maintaining supplies such as fuel and oil filters, belts and chains can help avoid major harvest downtime. “Some parts, such as belts and chains, parts known to fail at some point, should be replaced each year prior to failure, mini-

KEEP IT SAFE

Continued from Page 3

Fire requires three elements to burn: oxygen, material to burn and a heat source. Steps to farm machinery fire prevention include keeping the combine clean of possible ignitable materials and eliminating heat sources with enough energy to start a fire. During harvest, it’s recommended to clean the engine compartment and exhaust at least once per day. During periods of heavy operation, more frequent cleaning may be necessary, due to the dusty environment where it’s used. Compressed air is a good tool for removing dust and chaff and a high pressure washer will remove a build up of grease, oil and hydraulic fluids. It’s important to wear an N95 respirator to protect your lungs from this dust and debris. “Other places where fire can start are worn belts that slip and cause friction and build up heat,” Long says. “Leaking grease or lubricant can also burst into flame if they’re hot enough.” Long encourages use of an infrared thermometer that can quickly scan potential hot points on the combine and provide a temperature reading. “The gun can be used to obtain a temperature reading on combine bearings that are well over the operator’s head,” Long

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mizing any economic impact of a breakdown,” Long says. Safety steps sometimes overlooked at harvest time are identification of washouts, ditches or other obstacles and areas of the field where terrain is impassable or uneven. Since tall corn can obscure many features of a field, marking difficult terrain with a flag can help operators safely navigate the area(s). “Dropping the combine into a ditch could cause significant damage to both the combine and head,” Long says. “When operators are fatigued and covering a lot of ground in a short time, it’s easy to overlook these kinds of obstacles.” In checking the combine’s hydraulic system, Long advises use of a piece of cardboard to search for any leaks, since the hydraulic fluid PSI (poundsper-square-inch) is high enough to cause a skin laceration or injury to soft tissue. “It’s the same type of pressure used in waterjet cutters that use a high pressure stream to pierce metal,” Long says. “With the cardboard or other type of material catching a spray of fluid, you can quickly detect a leak or drippage. When the combine is sitting on a concrete base, that’s also a good time to check underneath it for any indication of fluid leaks.” Ideally, moving from one field to the next should be completed during daylight hours. If an operator needs to drive down a highway or side road after dark, use of the most lighting possible helps reduce potential for accidents. Even with significant lighting, some drivers may not recognize what type of equipment they’re coming up on until they’re right there. “It’s always preferable to move with the header off and in some cases, the widest combines have no choice in that because the header takes up both lanes on a highway,” Long says. “Make sure everything on the combine is in stowed position and all grain is dumped in grain carts or trucks. Combines have a high center of gravity and traveling with grain in the bin increases the chances of tipping on uneven ground or when entering onto a roadway.” Pre-harvest planning begins at planting time, when producers develop a weed management strategy. Minimizing weed issues means problems related to weeds wrapping around rotating parts and plugging are greatly reduced, too. “A weed-free crop means less likelihood that the combine will plug,” Long says. “In a weedy field, it’s not uncommon for a producer to become frustrated with the plugging and look for ways to cut corners to keep harvest moving. That’s when you get into issues of human error. “Fatigue can cause us to make decisions we wouldn’t otherwise choose,” he adds. “Staying alert and doing everything you can to enhance safety will make harvest more safe, efficient and more productive.”

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RECYCLING 101 Continued from Page 1

These dumpsters are meant for bale wrap, plastic agricultural/ grain bags, bunker covers, greenhouse film, drip tape, and irrigation tubing ONLY. Any materials put into the dumpsters should be relatively clean. Generally, shaking the plastic out as you are loading it into your vehicle is sufficient. All other materials need to be thrown out with your normal trash or need to be disposed of as landfill material at the transfer station. Net wrap, feed bags and other materials CANNOT be disposed of in these dumpsters. If the county fails to utilize the dumpsters correctly we may lose the privilege of using them altogether. As a general rule, if your material isn’t clearly one of the items I just listed and you aren’t sure if it belongs in the recycling dumpsters or not, it is best to be on the safe side and throw it away rather than put it in the dumpsters for recycling. When in doubt, throw it out. These dumpsters will be available for use by county residents during normal business hours, which are Monday-Friday 7:30 a.m. until 3:30 p.m. as well as the first Saturday of the month from 8 a.m. until noon (unless the first Saturday falls within a

holiday weekend, in which case we are open the second Saturday). Depositing material outside of this time frame is unsafe and illegal. If you are looking to recycle your agricultural/silage plastic please be sure to put these materials neatly into the proper dumpster and to make sure that the material has been shaken out (prior to loading it into your vehicle) to remove any excess dirt or debris. If you are using a skid-steer or other equipment to load the materials onto your vehicle, ensure that you don’t get a large quantity of dirt/manure etc. trapped in the plastic in the process. The plastics collected by Revolution Plastics have a wide variety of uses after they are recycled. Revolution Plastics is part of a larger family of products and companies that use the plastics to create things like vine cover, silage and bunker film, irrigation poly tubing, lawn edging, trash bags, as well as a number of other materials. As always, if you have any questions about this new program, please give us a call at (507) 7654704. We would be happy to answer any questions you may have. In addition, if you are a large producer of agricultural/silage plastic you can give Revolution Plastics a call to get setup with bags or dumpsters of your own.

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Monday, October 28, 2019

FILLMORE COUNTY JOURNAL

The house that soy built: Soy-based products are on the leading edge of sustainable housing Industrial home products rise to the top with soy as a biobased alternative. Higher performance, increased sustainability and lower cost — these are just a few of the demands that today’s modern customers expect from the home improvement industry. For companies relying on petroleum or formaldehyde in their products, this can seem like a challenging ask. But many find their sustainable solution in soy. “Choosing soy is a win-win,” said Lee Walko, biobased business developer and technical advisor to the United Soybean Board. “Corporate sustainability initiatives and consumer demand for safe products drive soy technology development to replace petrochemicals and other additives.” Although several biobased ingredients can appear as suitable replacements for petrochemicals, manufacturers need the most cost-effective and highest-performing ingredients — which in many cases presents an opportunity for soy. Not only is soybean oil traditionally more affordable than canola or sunflower oil, its abundance of C-18 links (linolenic acid, etc.) and its fattyacid profile make soybean oil very versatile. These qualities have allowed countless leading industrial product makers to successfully introduce soy, replac-

ing chemicals based in petroleum while reducing volatile organic compounds. Soy has already proven successful in this segment, and many of the success stories can be found in and around the home. A growing list of large and small companies already implement soy in their products and reap the benefits of how effective it can be. In fact, there are more than 1,000 soybased products currently on the market, from flooring and roofing products to candles and carpets. Several leading biobased home products using soybeans include: A decade ago, the International Agency for Cancer Research reclassified formaldehyde from a suspect carcinogen to a known carcinogen. Plywood producers who used formaldehyde to bond wood needed an alternative. With the support of USB, researchers developed a soy-based, formaldehyde-free resin that bonds wood naturally and tightly. Since 2005, the technology has spurred production of more than 100 million formaldehyde-free plywood panels at a price comparable to urea-formaldehyde panels. “Our customers want to know what they’re buying, how it was made, what it was made with

and where it’s from,” said Todd Vogelsinger, with Columbia Forest Products, which is a business utilizing soy in their PureBond plywood products. “We’re proud to say we shrank our environmental footprint with U.S. soy.” Roof Maxx is the first soy-based, roof-rejuvenating spray treatment, developed by Battelle Labs, that is formulated with natural soybean oil to penetrate roof materials. This application restores a roof’s flexibility and waterproofing protection, extending the life of a roof by up to 15 years and reducing both the waste created from disposing of an old roof and the waste generated by manufacturing new roof shingles. Due to its incorporation of soy, Roof Maxx provides a safe option for people, pets, property and the environment. “Today, with all the environmental concerns, it only makes sense to look at renewable resources (like soy) to extend the life of anything,” said Roof Maxx Technologies CEO Mike Feazel. Long used by the coating industry, soybean oil is now a hit in wood stains and finishes, including those produced by Rust-Oleum. Rust-Oleum’s

Varathane® wood stains deliver in both sustainability and performance. The soy-based stain line has seen their products penetrate wood twice as deep as other products on the market due to the properties soybean oil brings to the stain. Soy’s hydrophobic nature also increases the water resistance of wood stains, making it a great option for outdoor applications. “From a marketing standpoint, our products give a beautiful finish, which is a byproduct of the soybean oil,” says Jessica Bahn, brand manager at Rust-Oleum. “The soybean oil is like the secret sauce. It gives a beautiful end result, and it’s easy to apply due to the viscosity.” Soybased sealers have a superior ability to penetrate and protect a variety of porous substrate surfaces such as concrete, wood and grout. Biobased sealers create an integral bond and seal that allow the substrate to breathe while providing outstanding repellency. Because these sealers are nontoxic and high performing, they meet both consumer and producer needs. Environmentally friendly and energy-efficient

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insulation is possible with the introduction of soy. Demilec Inc.’s closed-cell spray foam polyurethane insulation contains 14% renewable and recycled materials, which is appealing to homeowners. The insulation also provides multiple control layers into a single application, saving both time and money in construction costs. “Environmental regulations and consumer demands are only going to grow stronger in the coming years,” Walko said. “So, it’s worthwhile for companies to get ahead of the curve now and invest in biobased solutions for their products.” Companies interested in learning how soy can be used in specific products and applications can contact USB or visit soynewuses. org. USB’s 73 farmer-directors work on behalf of all U.S. soybean farmers to achieve maximum value for their soy checkoff investments. These volunteers invest and leverage checkoff funds in programs and partnerships to drive soybean innovation beyond the bushel and increase preference for U.S. soy. That preference is based on U.S. soybean meal and oil quality and the sustainability of U.S. soybean farmers. As stipulated in the federal Soybean Promotion, Research and Consumer Information Act, the USDA Agricultural Marketing Service has oversight responsibilities for USB and the soy checkoff. For more information on USB, visit unitedsoybean.org.


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FILLMORE COUNTY JOURNAL

Monday, October 28, 2019

Agricultural career opportunities abound A career in agriculture can prove richly rewarding. While it's common to envision overalls and tractors when imagining careers in agriculture, the opportunities to work in the agriculture industry stretch beyond the farm and into the corporate world. The following are a few of the paths men and women with a passion for agriculture can pursue. business, and the industry has many opportunities for those who want to pursue a career in business. Farmers and producers of agricultural products need someone to draft contracts for their agreements with the large corporations who distribute those products. In addition, purchasing agents and agricultural financiers are just two of the many career opportunities that enable men and women to work on the business side of agriculture. tural industry also has positions of social service. In addition to food inspector, who ensures agricultural products are

safe for human consumption, social service positions within the agricultural industry include environmental consultant and conservation officer. Men and women can also work to develop programs that encourage youngsters to pursue careers in the agricultural industry. agricultural industry has a host of careers for those who want to get their hands dirty. Farms need to be plowed, seeds must be planted and fertilized and farms need to be well-maintained to continue operating efficiently and effectively. Though technology has taken the place of many agricultural production positions, there are still many opportunities out there for those who want to work under the sun. to share their love of agriculture with others can put their skills to work in the classroom. Agricultural instructors can train the next generation of agriculture professionals at the university or high school level, ensuring today's farms are left in good hands tomorrow.

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Gourds, squashes and pumpkins, oh my! Halloween takes place during a time of year characterized by earthen-colored chrysanthemums, leaf-lined walkways and crisp autumn air. As colorful as the costumes children wear for trick-or-treating may be, nature's beauty is unsurpassed this time of year, and the scores of pumpkins, gourds and squashes on display only add to that colorful melange. The Cucurbitaceae family may be best known for pumpkins, squash and gourds, but there actually are 800 species that belong to this family. While they share many of the same properties, these fruits each have their own unique attributes. The main differences between squashes, gourds and pumpkins is their intended purposes - whether they're ornamental or edible. Squash and winter varieties. Winter ones do not actually grow in the winter; in fact, they're harvested in late summer and early fall, but the name references the hard shell casing that protects the tender pulp inside. Zucchini are summer squash because their outer flesh is tender, while butternut, acorn, spaghetti, and hubbard squashes are winter squashes because they feature takes some effort to crack that shell, the dense, nutrient-rich flesh inside is well worth the workout. Gourds Gourds are essentially ornamental squashes; they aren't cultivated for eating. Instead they are bred to look beautiful and unique in autumn centerpieces. Types of gourds include autumn wing gourd, warted gourds, turban gourds, is unique in its shape and color. Pumpkins though all pumpkins can be consumed, some taste better tend to be decorative because, according to Nutritious Life, they do not have enough meat inside to make them worthy of cooking. However, sugar pumpkins are best for baking and cooking favorite recipes, states The festive hues and flavors of squashes, gourds and pumpkins are one more thing that makes Halloween and autumn special.

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Monday, October 28, 2019

FILLMORE COUNTY JOURNAL

USDA opens 2020 enrollment for Agriculture Risk Coverage and Price Loss Coverage programs Safety net program payments for 2018 have started WASHINGTON, October 15, 2019 – Agricultural producers now can enroll in the Agriculture Risk Coverage (ARC) and Price Loss Coverage (PLC) programs – two U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) safety net programs – for the 2020 crop year. Meanwhile, producers who enrolled farms for the 2018 crop year have started receiving more than $1.5 billion for covered commodities for which payments were triggered under such programs. “These two programs provide income support to help producers manage the ups and downs in revenues and prices,” said Richard Fordyce, Administrator of USDA’s Farm Service Agency (FSA). “USDA is here to support the economic stability of American agricultural producers by helping them maintain their competitive edge in times of economic stress. We encourage producers to consider enrolling in one of these programs.” ARC provides income support payments on historical base acres when actual crop revenue declines below a specified guaranteed level. PLC provides income support payments

on historical base acres when the effective price for a covered commodity falls below its reference price. The 2018 Farm Bill reauthorized and updated both programs. Signup for the 2020 crop year closes June 30, 2020, while signup for the 2019 crop year closes March 15, 2020. Producers who have not yet enrolled for 2019 can enroll for both 2019 and 2020 during the same visit to an FSA county office. ARC and PLC have options for the farm operator who is actively farming the land as well as the owner of the land. Farm owners also have a onetime opportunity to update PLC payment yields beginning with crop year 2020. If the farm owner and producer visit the FSA county office together, FSA can also update yield information during that visit. Covered commodities include barley, canola, large and small chickpeas, corn, crambe, flaxseed, grain sorghum, lentils, mustard seed, oats, peanuts, dry peas, rapeseed, long grain rice, medium and short grain rice, safflower seed, seed cotton, sesame, soybeans, sunflower seed and wheat.

2018 Crop Year ARC and PLC Payments FSA began processing payments last week for 2018 ARCCounty (ARC-CO) and PLC on covered commodities that met payment triggers on enrolled farms in the 2018 crop year. In addition to the $1.5 billion now in process, FSA anticipates it will issue another $1 billion in November once USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service publishes additional commodity prices for the 2018 crop. Producers who had 2018 covered commodities enrolled in ARC-CO can visit www.fsa. usda.gov/arc-plc for payment rates applicable to their county and each covered commodity. For farms and covered commodities enrolled in 2018 PLC, the following crops met payment triggers: barley, canola, corn, dry peas, grain sorghum, lentils, peanuts, and wheat. Oats and soybeans did not meet 2018 PLC payment triggers. 2018 PLC payment rates for the following covered commodities have not been determined: crambe, flaxseed, large and small chickpeas, long and medium grain rice, mustard seed, rape-

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Page 7

grams, improving crop insurance, maintaining disaster programs and promoting and supporting voluntary conservation. For more information on ARC and PLC including two online decision tools that assist producers in making enrollment and election decisions specific to their operations, visit the ARC and PLC webpage. For additional questions and assistance, contact your local USDA service center. To locate your local FSA office, visit farmers.gov/service-locator. USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender.

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Page 10

FILLMORE COUNTY JOURNAL

Monday, October 28, 2019

Maintenance key to functioning farms The family automobile is not the only piece of equipment that requires routine upkeep to ensure it is operating properly. Life on a farm can come to a screeching halt if farm equipment is not properly maintained. Farmers invest hundreds of thousands of dollars on agricultural equipment, such as tractors, tillers, hoppers, and dozers. Adhering to maintenance schedules can pre-

H

vent breakdowns and decrease the need for potentially costly emergency repairs. Keep it clean Cleaning the surface of equipment can go a long way toward keeping it operating smoothly. Use a pressure washer to remove caked-on mud and other debris. Titan iron suppliers recommend quickly washing equipment after usage so that substances do not have the

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chance to harden. Learn the equipment Over time, it is possible to employ your senses of sight, sound and even smell to determine if equipment is working properly. Familiarize yourself with the owner's manual so you can troubleshoot minor problems. Any unusual sounds, odors or responses from the gear should be noted. Routine maintenance checks Routinely inspect hoses, fittings, and seals to ensure they are in good working condition. Be sure fluids, such as coolant and oil, are at the proper levels. Check and replace filters as needed. Tires need to be properly inflated, and inspect the battery for corrosion or other signs that it may need to be replaced. Check belts for cracks. Tour the exterior of the equipment looking at signals and lights to ensure they are in proper working order. Hardware should be tightened and any missing pieces replaced. Heavy farm equipment needs motor oil, hydraulic oil and filters changed more frequently than automobiles. Such equipment also may need more frequent lubrication of chains and cables. Always check and inspect equipment prior to jobs requiring heavy and extended usage. Expect some welding Have a knowledgeable welder on call to make repairs as needed, or develop your skills to a point where you feel comfortable making your own spot repairs. The experts at Miller, producers of welding equipment, say cleaning the surface area and removing any paint, oil or corrosion from the metal area that needs repairing can make for smooth, durable welds. Multi-process welding generators and accessories can ensure the right welds for repairs in the field or in the shop. Maintenance on farm equipment helps keep operations running along and protects expensive investments.

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The FCJ reaches over 13,000 households each week.

Monday, October 28, 2019

FILLMORE COUNTY JOURNAL

Agriculture and the economy

Facts and figures on farm safety

Though it’s easy to look at nology, hospitality, machinthe tech industry and think ery building, and much more, this increasingly influential sec- while a weak agriculture can tor is what makes the world go round, something closer to the very core of the Earth may be what’s driving your economy. The agricultural sector plays a strategic role in a nation’s economic development and adversely See the trail of corn and soybeans prosperity. a f f e c t on pages 8 and 9. From the those secearliest tors. Comment on this article at days, agriWhile www.fillmorecountyjournal.com culture has it can be 507.765.2151 been herdifficult alded as for resiplaying a crucial role in North dents of developed nations to American culture. Farmers who visualize agriculture’s effect, grow produce and raise live- one only needs to turn to stock for meats and other prod- impoverished and developing ucts have long exemplified what nations to see just how big an it means to work hard and take impact agriculture can have on initiatives to be self-sufficient. an economy. Agriculture proThe symbiotic nature of agri- vides food and raw materials, culture and the economy is eventually creating demand for noticeable when examining the goods produced in non-agriups and downs of each. This cultural sectors. Also, food prois because food production vides nutrition that can serve and the potential of agricul- as the foundation of a healthy ture extends beyond the fields nation. Earning a living in agriand local food stands. These culture strengthens purchasing resources impact supply chains power, which fuels other marand other markets. A strong kets. Eventually, farming can agriculture base influences pave the way for development, other employment sectors like including roads, markets, shipfood manufacturing, biotech- ping services, exporting, and many other sectors. Agriculture is an important Call today economic building block. An to receive especially important sector, the your paper agricultural industry, when suptoday! ported, can contribute greatly 765-2151 to sustained economic growth.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, agriculture is among the most hazardous industries. Fatal and nonfatal injuries pose a significant threat to farmers, including the many young people who work on farms. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, in an effort to promote productive and safe workplaces, supports programs that conduct research on injuries associated with agriculture as well as pesticide exposure, pulmonary disease, musculoskeletal disorders, hearing loss, and stress. Studying the results of such research, compiled by NIOSH, may compel veteran and novice farmers to further emphasize safety measures and promote

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practices that can reduce risk for accidents on the farm. there were roughly 2.1 million full-time workers employed in production agriculture in 2017 and between 1.4 and 2.1 million hired crop workers employed annually on crop farms in the United States. young people under 20 years of age resided on farms in 2014. More than half of those young people performed farm work, and an additional 266,000 youth were hired to work on farms in 2014. cultural workers suffer injuries that cause them to miss time at work.

Page 11

injured on farms, and 4,000 of those youths could trace their injuries to farm work. farm workers died from workrelated injuries. Tractor overturns and other transportation incidents were the leading cause of death for these farmers and farm workers. tem, or ROPS, is a structure, similar to rollcages and rollbars in cars and trucks, intended to protect farm equipment operators from injuries caused by overturns or rollovers. NIOSH notes that an ROPS is the most effective way to prevent overturn deaths. Despite that, in 2014, only 62% of tractors used on farms in the U.S. were equipped with an ROPS.

MPCA and MDA emphasize proper manure management during a wet fall application season After crops are harvested, Minnesota livestock producers will be applying billions of gallons or pounds of stored manure to cropland. Wet weather is complicating the harvest, but it also plays a role in proper manure management. To get the most value from manure as fertilizer and to avoid manure runoff that could pollute nearby lakes and streams, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) and the Minnesota Department of Agriculture are reminding farmers to observe application setbacks from bodies of water and use proper manure-application rates. Detailed guidance is available on the MPCA web site. Avoid applying manure just prior to predicted rainfall, and reduce your application rates if field and weather conditions are not ideal. The Minnesota Department of Agriculture’s Runoff Risk Advisory Forecast tool can help determine the best time to apply manure to a field. If the Runoff Risk forecast is moderate or severe, applicators should reevaluate the locations or dates for applying manure. Farmers who apply manure during winter should apply to fields that are level, distant from sensitive features, and have crop residue. If frozen soil prevents manure from being incorpo-

officer or MPCA feedlot staff if levels have or will exceed one foot from the top of the basin. Additional tips for successful fall manure application: equipment for broken hoses, loose connections, and leaking valves and gaskets. storage equipment; agitate and pump only at designated areas. ing setbacks include lakes, rivers, intermittent and perennial streams, sinkholes, drainage ditches with side inlets or without berms, and open tile inlets. of a sensitive feature must be incorporated within 24 hours and before rainfall. nesota-Extension Service agronomic recommendations for calculating manure rates and nutrient needs.

sensitive water and land features is required. Avoid spreading when furrows contain ice or snow. Large feedlots with NPDES permits are prohibited from applying liquid manure to frozen or snow-covered ground emergency applications. Notify in 24 hours of an emergency application. The recent above-average rainfall may also affect manure storage. Livestock producers using EQUIPMENT basins should keepHAMMELL an eye on INC. levels and prevent overflows. Contact your county feedlot

coarse-textured soils until soil temperature drops below 50 degrees. Using a nitrogen inhibitor can reduce nitrogen losses on early applications. If a spill or equipment failure occurs: safe. 2) Stop the spill: Close a valve, drive a vehicle onto a drag line hose, or turn off a pump. movement toward sensitive features in fields, build dirt berms, or use bales to absorb the spill. 4) Plug culverts and open tile intakes. 5) Call for help, such as a septic tank pump truck to recover the spill. 6) Review your emergency response plan. 7) Call the Minnesota Duty

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Page 12

FILLMORE COUNTY JOURNAL

Monday, October 28, 2019

The Fillmore County Journal www.fillmorecountyjournal.com Thank you, Farmers 23012 Ivy Road, Preston, MN 507-765-2404

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Thanks Farmers! Office 507-937-3168

Explore a career in agriculture The agricultural industry provides a variety of opportunities to professionals interested in this often misunderstood field. According to the employment resource AGCareers.com, more than 250 career profiles are available to people interested in a career in agriculture. And while jobs in agriculture may not be as prevalent as they were a few centuries ago, when 72% of the workforce was employed in farm occupations in the United States, agriculture remains a booming industry that greatly affects the nation’s economy. Today, one in 12 American jobs is depends on agriculture, according to the career resource Payscale. The following are some potential professions for those considering careers in agriculture. ager: This person oversees the business operations of a farm by providing organization and leadership during the production process. He or she contacts creditors, selects seeds, buys new equipment, and ensures the distribution of product. neys who specialize in agriculture deal with water and environmental issues, represent agricultural labor in disputes, ensure proper marketing techniques are followed, handle real estate and land use issues, and much more.

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build relationships with producers so they can purchase grain for their particular companies. They negotiate purchase agreements, source grain supplies and issue purchase orders. er: Hatchery managers oversee all of the aspects involved in poultry hatching. These can include management of personnel, handling and sorting of eggs, maintenance of equipment, coordination of pick-ups and deliveries, and overseeing quality control. many tasks they might perform, scientists in the field of agriculture test soil samples for minerals and contaminants. By studying the soil, scientists can recommend which crops the land can support, how much livestock can feed in an area and the implications of agriculture on the area as it pertains to managing natural resources. A career in agriculture presents many exciting opportunities in a number of different applications. It’s a vast industry that utilizes professionals with an array of skillsets.

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Page 14

FILLMORE COUNTY JOURNAL

Monday, October 28, 2019

How to safety share the Call us today for competitiveroad quotes and farm with equipment Why I Farm

Listen to the song

www.whyifarm.com/thehenningsens.html The Henningsens He knows every stone that’s been struck by the plow There’s a pile by the barn by the sweat of his brow The land has his heart and he rarely complains And it holds his knees when he prays for rain He’s a dusty old carhartt and the light in the barn He’ll work the late hours and he’s up before dawn Every man has a story and the story goes on From grandad’s eyes to a new born son Why I farm is in my blood, like the sunlight is on my skin Is who I meant to be, is who I’ve always been Is more than just a living, it’s my way of life And it grows like seed inside my heart That’s why I farm We always pull through when we thought we would brake In the flood ’93, in the draught ‘88 The Lord has his timing ‘cause only he knows That when next year comes the crops will grow Why I farm is in my blood, like the sunlight is on my skin Is who I meant to be, is who I’ve always been Is more than just a living, it’s my way of life And it grows like seed inside my heart That’s why I farm That’s why I farm Tough the world may shake around me, still I am stable For as long as I am able [I am able], I’ll work this way [It’s who I am] ‘Cause when heaven comes this close to what you’re holding This life is but a moment in a bigger plan Why I farm is in my blood, like the sunlight is on my skin Is who I meant to be, is who I’ve always been Is more than just a living, it’s my way of life And it grows like seed inside my heart Living on long after I depart That’s why I farm That’s why I farm

By Tyler Waugh www.rearviewsafety.com I’m going back to Kansas for my cousin’s wedding this weekend and I couldn’t be more excited. I get to see my entire family and spend one last time in my childhood home before my parents sell it and move to a bigger city. I’m also very pumped for the open road. As I’ll be driving a lot on rural roads, here are some tips from the Farm Bureau on how to share the road with farm equipment. Safety Tips

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encounter agricultural equipment on rural roads. Give yourself plenty of time to reach your destination. has pulled off the road for you to pass, or if the farmer does not pull over, and you feel you must pass, do so with caution. Never pass on a hill, curves, or in any situation that would block your view of oncoming vehicles.

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working hard to provide you with a safe food supply, not intentionally slowing you down. Farmers will pull off the road at the first safe opportunity so you can pass.

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The FCJ reaches over 13,000 households each week.

Monday, October 28, 2019

FILLMORE COUNTY JOURNAL

Grants available for updates to livestock operations Applications accepted through December 18, 2019 ST. PAUL, MN – Minnesota livestock farmers and ranchers

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ment. The program encourages new farmers and generational transitions in order to sustain the livestock industry in the state. Funding for the grants was established through the AGRI Program to advance Minnesota’s agricultural and renewable energy industries. Applicants may apply for up to 10% of their project’s total cost. Grant awards can range in size from $400 to $25,000. Each livestock operation is eligible to receive a lifetime

maximum of $50,000 from this grant program. To be eligible for reimbursement by this grant, you must be invoiced and pay for all project materials and services between January 1, 2020, and June 30, 2021. We must receive your proposal no later than 4 p.m. CST on Wednesday, December 18, 2019, for it to be considered. We encourage you to use our online application. If you cannot apply online, you can fill out the application at the end of the Request for Proposals, which can be found on the AGRI Livestock Investment website: www.mda.state. mn.us.

Sunnyslope Angus LLC ranked sixth in Angus registrations for Minnesota during 2019 Sunnyslope Angus LLC, Lanesboro, ranked as sixth largest in registering the most Angus beef cattle in Minnesota with the American Angus Association® during fiscal year 2019, which ended September 30, according to Mark McCully, Association chief executive officer. Angus breeders across the nation in 2019 registered 304,577 head of Angus cattle.

“Despite a challenging year, our Angus breeders continue to see strong demand for Angus genetics,” McCully said. “Our members are committed to providing genetic solutions to the beef cattle industry that maintain our long-held position as a leader in the beef cattle industry.” Angus means business The American Angus Association is the nation’s largest beef

breed organization, serving nearly 25,000 members across the United States, Canada and several other countries. The Association provides programs and services to farmers, ranchers and others who rely on Angus to produce quality genetics for the beef industry and quality beef for consumers. For more information about Angus cattle and the Association, visit www.ANGUS.org.

SHARE THE ROAD Continued from Page 14

When you see this emblem, slow down immediately.

Results Thank you Farmers!

Todd Hadoff

aged to apply for the Agricultural Growth, Research and Innovation (AGRI) Livestock Investment Grant program. The Minnesota Department of Agriculture (MDA) anticipates awarding up to $768,000 using a competitive review process. The AGRI Program’s Livestock Investment Grants encourage long-term industry development in Minnesota’s $7 billion livestock industry through investment in facilities, infrastructure, and equip-

Page 15

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assume a farmer knows you are near their vehicle. They are often concentrating on keeping equipment on the road and avoiding oncoming traffic. Use your horn to let the driver know where you are before you pass. Proceed with caution as the farmer may not be able to hear you over their equipment. Some farm vehicles may be wider than the road. If you approach wide equipment driving in the opposite direction, stop. Then pull off the road, turn around or back away safely so they can pass you. Watch for pilot of escort cars, which may help indicate an oversize vehicle. Farmers also play an important role in rural road safety. Here are some tips to help: ing on the road slower than 25 mph. Point the triangle up, and replace the emblem when it fades. tural equipment with reflective tape and reflectors.

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