COLOR THEORY FALL 2018 ANGELA GONZALEZ
CON M.1 COLOR + ME
M.2 COLOR + CULTURE M.3 COLOR + THEORY M.4 COLOR + DESIGNERS M.5 COLOR + PERCEPTION M.6 COLOR + FILM
tents COLOR + BALANCE
M.7
COLOR + EMPHASIS
M.8
COLOR + RENDERING
M.9
COLOR + HOSPITALITY M.10 COLOR + WORKPLACE M.10
m.1
COLOR + ME Explore who I am as a person and design student as I embark in this colorrich journey.
I was born and raised in CUBA With a HISPANIC BACKGROUND My family consists of my MOM and DAD I live with my MOM and I’m currently UNEMPLOYED SPANISH is my first language and ENGLISH is my second language
I have lived in LA HABANA, MIAMI BEACH and KENDALL I became interested in DESIGN at a YOUNG age because my aunt was an ARCHITECT that focused in INTERIORS and she’d take me to her work sometimes MONEY and MOVING TO ANOTHER COUNTRY have been big obstacles in my path, but I've made it all work with the support of my family and hard work
My HOBBIES are:
PHOTOGRAPHY SINGING
WRITING
STAGE DESIGN
SWIMMING
WATCHING MOVIES
EXPLORING
EXERCISING
DIY
TRAVELING BILLARDS READING
Interior Architecture 4th Year AA of Interior Design from Miami Dade College
I’m studying design because I want to enhance the quality of living for the public as well as use my creativity to create beautiful and lasting spaces that will make a difference in my community.
GREEN is my favorite color. I like exploring new countries and the diversity they have to offer. Indulging myself to exotic new foods, diving-in to the rich cultures, learning new languages (or attempting to), making new friends, learning about the history of the country as well as getting a sight of the beautiful architecture. Traveling has defined me as a person. There’s nothing that motivates me more than the thought of getting to see every corner of the world and experience life differently. Learning new customs and appreciating what life has to offer.
m.2
COLOR + CULTURE Explore the use of color in cultures and how it enriches and determines its people, values, history, and makeup.
The Cuban demographic is 86% White coming from European backgrounds prominently Spanish, 63.8% are Mestizzo, a common name attributed to mixed races, and 29% are Black, descendent of African slaves.
Christianity is the established religion of the Greek people. The traditional Greek dance is an energetic one, filled with color. The costumes are decorated with deep vibrant hues of blue and red, with flowers, head scarfs and tassels.
I was born and raised in Cuba. One of the most impactful memories was when I graduated from preschool and went on to first grade. As a recognition of their achievements and commencement of a new school-year the students receive as tradition their first “pañoleta” (ascot) colored blue. This color is representative of the flag colors as well as Cuba’s history and culture. It’s used to differ elementary students from upperclassmen. It was an overjoying experience having my mom wrap my first pañoleta around my neck. The flag colors as you can tell, are representative of a lot. They are used for traditional African dance costumes, vintage cars are coated with these colors, buildings are painted top to bottom, signs, and so much more. The flag, the color blue symbolizes the original provinces. The color red symbolizes the blood shed by the patriots in the fight for independence. The white stands for purity and justice of the patriotic cause.
I chose Greece because of its charming and simple architectural characteristics. The beauty of it’s deep blue skies touching its deep blue sea surrounded by an oasis of white little houses in every corner of the island. It’s enchanting how the use of color can identify a country and its people so perfectly. The national colors of Greece are blue and white, appearing to have been historically used by Greeks for several centuries. Used during revolts against the Ottomans prior to the revolution. The color blue symbolizes the Mediterranean Sea, which is a major part of the country's economy and culture. Blue is also known as a color of protection, seen in the blue eye amulets used to ward off evil, and white is often considered the color of purity. The shade of blue used in the flag has varied throughout its history, from light blue to dark blue, the latter being increasingly used since the late 1960s.
Cuba is a tropical island with rich culture and full of vibrant colors. The vivid hues of it’s landscapes make for the colorful life of this beautiful country. The lush green of the plantation fields, the crystalline blue water, the luminous colors of the cabarets and costumes, the deep brown of the dirt, coffee grinds, and tobacco paper, and the pure red of the Mar-pacifico flowers.
Cuba’s architecture is blended. Inspired by a lot of the Art Noveau and Art Deco periods. The oldest buildings are a historical time capsule of architecture from decades ago; still intact. The interiors are like vintage finds, full of treasures that you’d never even imagine to see. The newer buildings are more inclined to mimic Bauhaus architecture, practical and simplistic. Neo-classical and Spanish architecture is also very prominent.
The national colors of Greece are blue and white. When you think of Greece, your mind immediately wonders to the natural deep blue hues that meet the sky and sea. The white stone houses with colorfully painted doors and windows. These color accents denotes Greece's charm as an island. Its demographic consists of Greek and other European ethnicities.
Houses, churches, dainty shops and restaurants, all sit atop stretched hills that float above a deep blue sea embracing the deep blue sky. Simple and conservative, but unique and significant, the Cycladic architecture characterizes the islands, specifically regions like Santorini and Mykonos. This harmonious mix of white cubic houses, cobblestone streets, blue domed churches, and accent colors has become the staple of Geek architecture.
m.3
COLOR + THEORY Color theory is both the science and art of color. It explains how humans perceive color; how colors mix, match or clash; the subliminal and often cultural messages colors communicate; and the methods used to replicate color.
The color wheel consists of three primary colors(red, yellow, blue), three secondary colors (colors created when primary colors are mixed: green, orange, purple) and six tertiary colors (colors made from primary and secondary colors, such as blue-green or red violet). Tints, tones and shades are variations of hues, or colors, on the color wheel. A tint is a hue to which white has been added. A shade is a hue to which black has been added. A tone is a color to which black and white (or grey) have been added.
COLOR + DESIGNERS
m.4
Explore the use of color in influential and esteemed works in architecture that have shaped the way in which we see and feel color.
"The reality that architecture can create is space." -Gerrit Rietveld
Dutch architect and furniture designer, Gerrit Rietveld was born in Utrecht in 1888 as the son of a joiner. He became an apprentice in his father’s cabinetmaking business from 1899 to 1906 and later went on to study architecture. He was a prominent member of the De Stjill artistic movement, becoming the first to give its aesthetic program visible form.
Built in 1925 in The Netherlands, the Schroder House is the only building that is a distinct embodiment of the De Stijl movement. Commissioned by recently widowed Truus Schröder-Schräder for her and her three children.
The Schroder House is a combination of innovative and conventional applications. Upon Schröder’s request of having a design preferably without walls, Rietveld kept the ground floor traditional, while the upper floors consists of a series of movable and sliding wall panels.
Heavily influenced by Piet Mondrian’s Composition series, Schroder House communicates neoplasticism in a threedimensional form. Characteristic features include the fluid transitions between interior and exterior, the clean horizontal and vertical lines and the use of all primary colors, alongside white, grey and black.
EXTERIOR BUILDING
Pops of primary colors are carefully applied to the building’s façade to reinforce the popular De Stjill paintings. This is successful because the colors are implemented in structural details such as columns, mullions, railings, and floating planes.
INTERIOR ROOMS
Colors were chosen as to strengthen the composition of the paintings. Surfaces that constituted for the larger planes were colored in white and black; like the windows and doorframes. A number of linear elements and accent walls as well as furniture used the primary colors.
INTERIOR ROOMS
COLOR + PERCEPTION
m.5
Color is a powerful communication tool and can be used to signal action, influence mood, and even influence physiological reactions. Certain colors have been associated with increased blood pressure, increased metabolism, and eyestrain.
Blue: Calming & Trustworthy In design and branding, blue is widely used and one of the most versatile colors. It’s generally used to communicate trustworthiness, security, and stability.
Red: Warm & Energetic In design and branding, red often projects confidence or boldness, strength, and importance and is a highly visible color.
Yellow: Bright & Cheerful In design and branding, pure/bright yellow attracts attention well, much like red, but generally creates a more friendly and fun feeling.
Green: Fresh & Natural In design and branding, nature inspired colors like green and brown are often chosen by businesses that want to come across as “green” (sustainable).
Orange: Youthful & Optimistic Orange doesn’t take itself too seriously. In design and branding, it often creates a creative, youthful vibe and casual style.
Purple/Violet: Luxurious & Enigmatic In design and branding, deeper shades of purple often still symbolize luxury or opulence, while lighter/brighter shades can come across feminine or kid-friendly.
Pink: Sensitivity In design and branding, pink has associations with tenderness and nurturing while conveying a sense of safety and even vulnerability.
Black: Modern & Sophisticated In design and branding, black is widely used, though it can still communicate the meanings above depending on context. Colors always look brighter and more intense against black.
White: Clean & Minimal In design and branding, white often communicates simplicity or a clean, modern quality. Designers seeking a minimalist aesthetic will frequently use a lot of white.
m.6
COLOR + FILM Explore the use of color in films and how its aesthetic and visual palette can determine a film’s mood, feel and theme. Color and design are massively contributors to a film’s look.
AmĂŠlie is a 2001 French romantic comedy film directed and written by Jean-Pierre Jeunet. The film is a whimsical depiction of contemporary Parisian life and tells the story of a shy waitress, played by Audrey Tautou, who decides to change the lives of those around her for the better while struggling with her own isolation in her search for love and happiness.
Complementary colors live opposite each other on the color wheel. This is by far the most commonly used color scheme for films. The dueling colors are often associated with conflict, in Amelie’s case internal. The pairing of warm and cool colors produce a high-contrast, vibrant tension in the film that is often quite naturally pleasing to the eye.
COLOR PA L E T T E Green is a major color used throughout the film. Commonly symbolizing hope and growth, the reoccurrence of this color can directly relate to Amelie’s innocent and optimistic character. Green is used to create vitality and contrast with the warmer, more saturated colors, it can also stand for inexperience. This can be seen on the first still, where director Jean-Pierre Jeunet uses a slight Dutch angle along with darker hues of green to represent Amelie’s constant search for love, as she grew up lacking love and affection from her parents.
COLOR PA L E T T E The color scheme of her home is monochromatic, revolving around different hues of the color red. The most personal aspect distinctive to one’s self is a home, and the use of this passionate and courageous color seems to be a representation of AmÊlie’s soul and personality; a vibrant character whose purity is expressed through dynamic colors. Her pursuit for love is displayed in how every inch of her apartment plasters the very color that states boldly the very essence of that emotion she craves so much.
COLOR PA L E T T E The bright warm usage of yellow and orange tones represent the liveliness and spirit throughout Amelie. The whole storyline is based on the thrilling quest Amelie embarks on to find love and who she is. The scenes are constructed in a way that is impactful and vibrant in portraying curiosity and revelations. The color yellow is mainly used in representing the city through a surreal lens, which Amelie withholds. It overpowers the color white, completely stripping it from usage. Normally white walls, fridges or bathroom tiles use different shades of yellow or orange instead.
m.7
COLOR + BALANCE Color balance is the global adjustment of the intensities of the colors typically red, green, and blue primary colors. An important goal of this adjustment is to render specific colors particularly neutral colors correctly. Hence, the general method is sometimes called gray balance, neutral balance, or white balance.
Hue Balance: Colors that are opposite each other on the color wheel are considered to be complementary colors. The high contrast of complementary colors creates a vibrant look especially when used at full saturation.
Intensity Contrast: Intensity is the dimension of color that tells the brightness or dullness, its strength or its weakness. Intensity describes the distance of the color from gray on the color wheel.
Size of color area: Every colour is seen in relationship to another colour. When you see two or more colours together they have a profound effect on one another. The study of colour interaction helps us understand and predict how a colour will be influenced by its surroundings.
COLOR + EMPHASIS
m.8
Explore the use of color and contrast of different aspects within retail design and how impactful it can be.
The Brazilian brand, born as French Riviera-inspired jelly shoes in 1972, started collaborations before it was trending. They’ve conceptualized with big names from Karl Lagerfeld to Jason Wu. The gallery store conceptualizes the quirky and fun spirit of the brand, with neon lights all around the showroom, lasers at the entrance and so much more cool stuff that invites and captures the eyes of patrons.
CONTRAST OF HUE
Texture refers to the roughness or smoothness of a surface in a work of art. Rough textures have more contrast than smooth textures. As a result, surfaces with rough texture are seen as more dynamic, emotionally active, and as having more depth.
CONTRAST O F VA L U E
Hue contrast is a measure of how easily we distinguish between two adjacent colors (hues). Two areas with a high hue contrast will be easy to separate. An object which has a high hue contrast in comparison with its background will be easy to see.
CONTRAST OF TEXTURE Value is defined as the relative lightness or darkness of a color. It is an important tool for the designer/artist, in the way that it defines form and creates spatial illusions. Contrast of value separates objects in space, while gradation of value suggests mass and contour of a contiguous surface.
Playing with light and technology, the space features LED installations and mirrors that command the attention of passersby. The distinct contrast of hues integrated with lights create an environment that feels spacious but intimate at the same time.
In the “green room,” walnut details complement a lush green feature. This room differs from the rest of the showroom because it instills more warmth and textural elements than the rest of the spaces.
The shop’s centerpiece is anchored by the contrast of light and dark elements, with the usage of suspended ceiling composed of fin-shaped, milled white MDF and LED light strips to create spatial illusions, giving the showroom dimension.
A design feature is one of the distinguishing characteristics of a product or service that helps boost its appeal to potential buyers, and might be used to formulate a product marketing strategy that highlights the usefulness of the product to targeted potential consumers.
Focal points are also elements or areas of dominance, just not to the same degree as your one dominant element, which could be defined as your most dominant focal point. Focal points are areas of interest, emphasis or difference within a composition that capture and hold the viewer's attention.
CONTRAST OF A DESIGN FEATURE
FOCAL POINT
Column pedestals are used throughout the showroom to display products. This fun and eclectic use of Corinthian like columns create a contrast of styles in the store, while also creating a gallery composition.
A vibrant passageway that leads the patrons to an exciting experience in the showroom; this bridge metal bridge surrounded by bright, colorful LED screens becomes a vital navigator to the entryway, making it a focal point and instigator of the fun, modern, tech-infused design that waits for them ahead.
COLOR + RENDERING
m.9
Explore color and biomimicry through the creation of my very own design, inspired by an image drawn from nature.
The chosen image as a parti for my design rendering is a serene photograph of the desert. The warm color tones play a significant role in the space, while the shade of blue breaks down the monochromatic scheme.
The 60-30-10 proportion system facilitates the process of predetermining which color application will best complement which feature of the rendering.
A C C E N T
A C C E N T
S E C O N D A R Y
D O M I N A N T
COLOR PA L E T T E
The dominant is used for the ceiling, walls and furniture textile. The secondary is used for an accent wall and blinds. Lastly, the combination of accent color culminates the shade for the ceiling, flooring and tables, using wood as a material to replicate the repetition and texture from the sand dunes in the picture. The space is soothing and warm and evokes a feeling of relaxation and coziness.
COLOR + HOSPITALITY
m.10
Explore the use of color, unity and harmony in hospitality design and how impactful it can be.
East Hotel is the perfect example of implementing variety in design using rudimental elements such as line, shape, and texture. The use of complementary colors as accent features compliment the neutral color palette, making the orange and blue hue stand out. The variety of geometric shapes, natural textures, and rigid grid lines throughout the hotel encompasses the brand’s trademark and evokes the experience patrons will get to indulge in when staying at the hotel. Sophisticated, yet fun, the East hotel is the perfect example of a hospitality project that balances diversity in all its forms.
LINE+TEXTURE
The hotel’s main bar and dining offers a variety of textures through its use of materials. Natural materials such as brick and wood establish the neutral color palette of the space. Linearity is seen in the bar display and ceiling details, as well as furniture choices and the bar shape itself.
SHAPE+VARIETY The hotel’s pool deck offers plenty of shapes of great proportion and variety. The pool is not consistent, instead it is cut into individual quadrilateral pieces making a distinction from any point you stand or view it. The columns holding the structure as well as the cut out circles on the façade express this variety though the use of shapes in hotel’s architecture.
COLOR PA L E T T E
The vision behind the concept was to offer an inclusive and welcoming experience for everyone, while reflecting the local spirit of Miami. Feng Shui, bio geometry, and crystal healing methods are used throughout the hotel to balance and harmonize the flow of energy.
COLOR + WORKPLACE
m.11
Explore the use of color and variety in rhythm and shapes in workplace design and how impactful it can be.
The project design concept juxtaposes a pre-AutoCAD building (when architects designed with pencils and slide rulers) with architectural forms visualized using current Autodesk software, creating a space that is a “celebration of the past contrasted with the possibilities of the future.� Wall and floor graphics interpreted from the streets of San Francisco and Autodesk’s own Mold Flow computer modeling define and energize the corridor and main circulation path along the core. Supplementary colors throughout the space were inspired by digital and engineered projects enabled by technology.
SHAPE
Variety of shapes and forms create a playful pattern within the Autodesk headquarters, allowing workers to feel energetic and driven when working. The use of both organic and geometric shapes enhance the versatility of the brand and how expandable it is. Each space therefore, becomes a piece on its own, whilst still maintaining the rhythm on the overall design.
RHYTHM
Rhythm is seen all throughout this workplace. Circulation paths have patterns that carry out from floor to ceiling, the same wood repeats itself in several surfaces, and color schemes of blue and orange are appropriated to distinct zones in the space, proclaiming their own identify like this.
REFERENCES www.nodestinations.com/blog/east-miami-luxury-hotel https://www.east-miami.com/en/the-design https://preferredhotels.com/property/east-miami-887 https://www.contractdesign.com/projects/retail/galeria-melissa/ https://www.melissa.com.br/us/galerias/ny https://www.cubaflags.com/ https://www.tripsavvy.com/greek-flag-1525926 https://travelaway.me/cycladic-architecture/ https://www.quora.com/What-do-the-Cuban-flag-colors-represent https://www.pinterest.com/ https://www.rietveldschroderhuis.nl/en/rietveld-schroder-house https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rietveld_Schr%C3%B6der_House https://www.archdaily.com/99698/ad-classics-rietveld-schroder-house-gerrit-rietveld http://www.sobatchelor.com/schroder-house-color-and-architecture/ http://ideas.dissolve.com/tips/how-to-use-color-in-film-50-examples-of-movie-color-palettes https://tesscetin.wordpress.com/2014/01/19/the-use-of-color-in-amelie-2001/ https://www.cinema5d.com/film-color-schemes-cinematic-color-design/