DRIVE 1/2013

JANUARY 2013

MAGA ZINE FOR S TUDENTS OF ENGLISH / LE VEL A 2– B1

T H R O U G H

Y O U R

E N G L I S H

DEXTER

A friendly serial killer

DYING TO BE THIN Eating disorder or diet?

SIXTY SHADES OF GREEN

A Map of the Republic of Ireland

DOG SLEDDING

A WAY OF LIFE

Interview with a musher

Our partner for 2012/13

MAGA ZINE FOR STUDENTS OF ENGLISH / LE VEL A2– B1

T H R O U G H

Y O U R

E N G L I S H

CON T EN T S / JA NUA RY 20 1 3 Slim or Skinny?

O PI N I O N P O L L

3

H E A LT H

4

ECO N OM Y

6

T EC H N O LO G Y

8

T R U E S TO RY

8

P H OTO S TO RY

9

G EO G R A P H Y

10

What type of girl do boys prefer?

Dying to be thin Anorexia is more dangerous than people think.

6

An Expensive Apple Apple, Inc. on the stock market.

Smart, Smarter, the Smartest Learn what makes our phones smart.

Snow in Bordeaux Read the true story of a really good teacher.

Sweet Revenge II Joe and George are ill.

10

Sixty Shades of Green

Look at the map of Ireland and learn some facts about the country.

The Czech President 2013–2018

SOCIE T Y

12

Read about the first Czech direct presidential election.

Dexter

C U LT U R E

14

S P O R T

16

A popular TV series about a serial killer.

Dog Sledding – A Way of Life

Meet a musher, Jana L. Henychova, in the Jizera Mountains.

14

Welcome, 2013!

R E S O LU T I O N S

18

Top tips for New Year’s Resolutions in 2013.

Web task

This icon means extra exercises on our website www.drive.gradus.cz.

p. 6 – June 2008; December 2008; June 2012; June 2012/then / p. 8 – 1. 15 minutes; 2. The tram service was cancelled, he fell off his bike and the chain broke. / p. 13 – 1b), 2a), 3b / p. 15 – 1b), 2c), 3a)

Solutions

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DIFFICULTY

OPINION POLL

On pages 4–5, we report on one of the most common eating disorders1 – anorexia. Girls who fall ill with anorexia just want to be a bit slimmer. But are they attractive? We asked our readers:

Have you ever met an anorexic? What type of girls do you like?

Standa, 15

Kryštof, 15

Martin, 19

Otakar, 17

Jakub, 19

I have met an anorexic and it was disgusting.2 I know anorexia is a disease, but I think that people are responsible for the way they look.

I like girls who aren’t too fat or too slim.

For me it’s important that the girl does sports and is clever, too. I especially like Asian girls.

I have never met an anorexic and I am happy for that. I don’t like ill, skinny3 girls.

I like slim girls, but not too slim. Girls with normal sporty bodies are the best, not too fat, not too skinny. I also love tall girls (but they must be shorter than me – and I’m not very tall :-).

Yes, I have. We had one in my class.

I prefer girls that are happy and full of energy. I do not care if they are slim or not. Of course my girlfriend should be attractive, but it doesn’t mean that she should be skinny…

I don’t think I have met an anorexic girl. Or I haven’t noticed.

I don’t care what they look like very much*. More important is that girls are smart,4 cheerful5 and optimistic. And that they have a sense of humour :-).

Yes I have. My sister was anorexic a few years ago, I think.

I definitely prefer girls who are a normal weight, rather than skinny girls. They’re simply much nicer. What’s more, extremely slim girls are often arrogant.

Are you fat, chubby,6 normal, slim or skinny? What is the best way to find out?

Visit a nutrition specialist.

A good nutrition specialist has a diagnostic scale7 which calculates the weight of your internal and external fat and muscles. 8 If you need to lose some fat, the specialist will recommend9 the best diet for you.

So, tell me about the acupuncture diet.

Does it really work?

LANGUAGE NOTE * I don’t care what they look like very much. – Moc mi nezáleží na tom, jak vypadají.

VOCABULARY

eating disorder [dɪsˈɔːdə] – porucha příjmu potravy 2 disgusting [dɪsˈgʌstɪŋ] – nechutný 3 skinny [ˈskɪnɪ] – vyhublý 4 smart [smɑːt] – inteligentní 1

cheerful [ˈtʃɪəfʊl] – veselý chubby [ˈtʃʌbɪ] – baculatý 7 scale [skeɪl] – váha 8 muscle [ˈmʌsəl] – sval 9 to recommend [ˌrekəˈmend] – doporučit 5

6

drive / January 2013 | 3

H E A LTH

DIFFICULTY

Dying to be Thin EATING DISORDER1 OR DIET? Every day, we are presented with very thin women as symbols of beauty and success.

As a result, girls and women fear being overweight.2 The question is where a diet ends and an eating disorder begins. / RYAN KELLEY (USA)

Many people – particularly teenagers – are too concerned3 about how they look. Unfortunately, this concern can lead to an eating disorder (ED). EDs are serious mental illnesses; some people die of them. They include anorexia, bulimia and compulsive overeating.

They can be as bad and dangerous as drugs.

Anorexia nervosa Anorexia is the most serious ED. It is a disease4 where people starve5 themselves. People with anorexia have an extreme fear of weight gain.6 Starving becomes their purpose7 in life. They see themselves bigger and fatter than they are. So they do everything possible to lose weight: they may diet, fast, 8 or exercise too much. They eat nothing, or as close to nothing as possible: a little piece of lettuce, tomato, raw potato, water, or chewing gum. In some extreme cases, anorexics may do desperate9 things, like eating cotton and then drinking water, so that it fills their stomach. They often eat standing, and move all the time to burn calories. Many anorexics end up in hospitals. They often suffer from serious health problems, and 6–7 % of them die.

4 | Health

Causes The exact causes of anorexia are not known. There are many factors, like genes, stress, high pressure from family, trying to be perfect, teasing by other people, having negative self-image, harmful ideas about health, beauty and success, and many others.

Warning signs When is it dieting and when is it anorexia? It’s always difficult to say, but it’s high time to see a specialist if someone: 1) has an extreme fear of gaining weight 2) loses weight, but still feels fat 3) doesn’t want to eat around others 4) cuts food into small pieces (or has other strange food rituals) 5) doesn’t want to eat and says he/she is not hungry at all 6) exercises more than normal Physical changes include hair loss, dry skin, fine hair all over the body, absence of a menstrual period, and extremely thin arms and legs (so that hands and knees look bigger).

MY T H S & FAC T S

Health risks Some long-term health risks are heart problems, osteoporosis, depression, and death. In fact, it’s a slow suicide10 from a medical viewpoint.

Is your friend clever, ambitious and very slim? And is she unhappy with herself? Then be careful; she might be on the wrong path. Anorexia is a serious disease. The sooner any professional help is offered, the better. Anorexics can’t just simply start eating. Only doctors, psychologists and nutritionists can help. Support from friends and family is very important, too. Please, keep your eyes open.

TRU E S TO RY

I started with anorexia when I was 14.

My father used to tell me that I was chubby.

I hated it, but I didn’t do anything about it.

Then, I started going to a new school. I felt like an outsider. All the girls in my new class were skinnier than me. I wanted to be more popular and loved. I believed that if I lost a few pounds, everything in my life would be better. So I started losing weight and I felt really pretty and full of energy. I could control my life! It was MINE. Soon my parents noticed I was losing too much weight, but they couldn’t do anything. I was lying to them, hiding food, making excuses. They forced me to eat, but without success.

Anorexia was changing me slowly. I wasn’t a happy girl any more. I felt tired and depressed.

I wanted to be perfect, but instead I hated my body. I felt ugly and fat. I was thinking of food all the time, I liked to smell it, to cook for others, but I wouldn’t touch it. Calories, diet, and exercise had become my whole life. My hobbies, school, boys, friends, weren’t any fun anymore. I became isolated. All that there was, was food. But I couldn’t eat. It was a never-ending cycle. When I weighed 70 lbs (32 kg), my mum sent me to a clinic. I nearly died. I had to stay there for 6 months, but it saved my life. I am now 174 cm tall and I weigh 145 lbs (65kg). I am just happy to be alive.

Web task

F: M en can also have anorexia (5%), but there are more women patients (95%).

M: If you are clever, you cannot be anorexic. You just have to control your diet.

Keep your eyes open

Diana (25 years old)

M: Only women suffer from anorexia.

F: Many clever and educated women are anorexic.

M: Anorexia cannot be fatal.

F: A norexic patients sometimes die; doctors can’t always help them.

DID YO U K N OW ?

Many celebrities say they had problems with ED, for example: Demi Moore, Calista Flockhart, Martina Sáblíková, Allegra Versace, Isabelle Caro (model, died at 28).

H OW C A N W E H E LP? You shouldn’t say: Hey, you look too skinny. You must be anorexic!

You should say: I am here to listen to you. You can tell me anything.

Professional help: www.anabell.cz

VOCABULARY

eating disorder (ED) [dɪsˈɔːdə] – porucha příjmu potravy (PPP) 2 overweight [ˈəʊvəweɪt] – nadváha 3 to concern [kənˈsɜːn] – soustředit se 4 disease [dɪˈziːz] – choroba 1

to starve [stɑːv] – hladovět gain [geɪn] – nárůst 7 purpose [ˈpɜːpəs] – smysl 8 to fast [fɑːst] – držet půst 9 desperate [desprɪt] – zoufalý 10 suicide [ˈsjuːsaɪd] – sebevražda 5 6

drive / January 2013 | 5

ECONOMY

DIFFICULTY

An Expensive Apple APPLE INC.* – THE LARGEST COMPANY ON THE STOCK MARKET1 Apple is on everyone’s lips this year. Not the fruit, but the name of a computer and mobile phone company. Apple is one of the largest consumer electronics companies in the world. But how did this apple grow so big? / RYAN KELLEY (US), ALASTAIR S. EDWARDS (UK)

In 1976, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne established Apple Computer. Their first computer didn’t look like today’s slim notebooks! There was no keyboard, no monitor, no sound. Just a circuit board2 and few wires.3 The first ones sold for $666.66 (52,435 CZK!).

In 1980, the company decided to sell shares4 to the public. This was the most successful entry into the stock market ever, and over 300 people became millionaires overnight. Since then, Apple Inc. has grown to become one of the biggest players in the market.

The key to Apple’s success is the drive to think differently. In the 1990s, many other companies were making computers, so the competition5 was strong. Apple thought

$600

584,00

$550

533,20

$500

405,00

$350

322,50

$300

$150 $100

Apple in numbers Today, Apple has 394 shops in 14 countries, and there is also the online Apple Store and iTunes store. The company is worth7 about $626 billion. Apple has over 75,000 employees and has an annual revenue8 of $156 billion.

Task The price of Apple shares dropped by about 18% in ............... and then by 50% in ............... The price of Apple shares grew from December 2008 to ............... Since

$450 $400

$250

The result is that if you bought $10 of Apple shares in 1997, you could sell them today for $550! Not a bad return on your investment!

Look at the graph and complete the sentences:

Price per share in USD

$200

differently and made the iPod, a digital music player, which was a great success. They also opened Apple shops in many countries to increase6 their share of the market.

251,50 210,70

198,00 167,40 122,00

$50

142,40

85,35

06 /2 00 12 7 /2 0 06 07 /2 00 12 8 /2 00 06 8 /2 00 12 9 /2 00 06 9 /2 01 12 0 /2 01 06 0 /2 01 12 1 /2 0 06 11 /2 01 12 2 /2 01 2

$0

LANGUAGE NOTE

* Inc. (Incorporated) – a. s. (akciová společnost)

6 | Economy

..............., the price has dropped slightly.

335,60

VOCABULARY

stock market [stɒk] – akciový trh 2 circuit board [ˈsɜːkɪt] – deska s plošnými spoji 3 wire [waɪə] – drát 4 share [ʃeə] – akcie, podíl 5 competition [ˌkɒmpɪˈtɪʃən] – konkurence 1

to increase [in ˈkriːs] – zvýšit 7 to be worth [wɜːθ] – mít hodnotu 8 annual revenue [ˈænjʊəl ˈrevɪˌnjuː] – roční výnos 6

Web task