Urban Planning Techniques teacher: Gabellini / assistant: Alessandro Martinelli AAM 2011_spring / ex01 Miguel Carvalho / Florent Girelli
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Swiss Context What ?
7 statistics regions NUTS 2
catholic dioceses
diversification
religious orientations
federation of swiss protestant
185 political districts
fragmented CH
industry + services industry economic specializations clusters
services agriculture
specialization Alps geological
Jura Mittelland
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Swiss Context Where ?
german french languages
italian reatoromanic
integration Switzerland / Franche-Comt茅 Switzerland / Rh么ne-Alpes interreg CH = multiface island into EU
Switzerland / Italy Lower Rhine / Lake Constance / Upper Rhine
20% - 30% going it alone
EU voting
10% - 19% less than 10%
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Swiss Context How ?
part of EU compitition
2060 : 8 700 000 inhab.
consolidating the swiss population, services and industrial clusters in the five major agglomerations with higher densities
CH vs. World active + positive role WW chessboard
clusternig the swiss population, services and industrial in three bigger cities on the borders; each with clear identity 2011 : 7 785 806 inhab.
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Basel Z端rich Bern Leman Metropolis Sotto Ceneri german
french italian
Lausanne Lake Geneva metropolitan region : 1 region / 2 catchment areas
Geneva
Lake Leman Context The Leman Metropolis
Neuchatel Bern active agglomerations
Yverdon
metropolitan centres Lausanne Vevey / Montreux
Leman Metropolis
unified socio-economic + political framework
metropolitan zone high socio economic level perimetropolitan area
Martigny Geneva
metropolitan influence
Bellegarde Anncey
to Basel to Zurich to Paris
to Basel
Yverdon
to Zurich
high speed railway Lausanne
existing fast common connections
Vevey / Montreux
main railway connections
3 speed railways 2 speed railways 1 speed railways
Aigle Geneva to Sierre to Lyon
Yverdon 340 000 inhab. Lausanne demographic repartition
Vevey / Montreux Aigle Geneva
border agglomerations
190 000 inhab. 65 000 inhab. 38 000 inhab.
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Lake Leman Swiss / French border
Switzerland
Lake Leman
France
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Geneva / Lausanne E 25 / E 62 / A1
Lausanne
5 kms
62.4 kms E 62 / E25 / A1
Geneva
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Swiss / French border 1km x 1km grid
1 km x 1km
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Lake Leman North Shore 20 samples
19 + 20 18 16 + 17
15 14 13 12
11 10
09
08
07
06
05 04
03 02 01
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Different Potentials 20 samples database
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
17
18
19
20
13
14
15
16
09
10
11
12
05
06
07
08
01
02
03
04
Quantitative Analysis
17
18
19
20
13
14
15
16
09
10
11
12
05
06
07
08
01
02
03
04
Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
Grey spaces
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
10 %
20 %
30 %
40 %
50 %
Green spaces
Quantitative Analysis 17
18
19
Locked areas
10 %
20 %
Grey spaces
30 %
40 %
Public spaces
0%
50 %
Green spaces
10 %
20 %
Grey spaces
13
30 %
40 %
10 %
20 %
Grey spaces
30 %
40 %
10 %
20 %
Grey spaces
30 %
40 %
Green spaces
Grey spaces
40 %
10 %
Grey spaces
05
20 %
30 %
40 %
10 %
Grey spaces
20 %
30 %
40 %
Public spaces
50 %
Grey spaces
Green spaces
20 %
30 %
40 %
Public spaces
0%
Grey spaces
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
10 %
20 %
30 %
40 %
Green spaces
10 %
20 %
30 %
40 %
Grey spaces
20 %
30 %
40 %
Green spaces
10 %
Grey spaces
20 %
30 %
40 %
50 %
Green spaces
Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
Public spaces
0%
10 %
Grey spaces
20 %
30 %
40 %
10 %
20 %
30 %
40 %
50 %
50 %
Grey spaces
Green spaces
Green spaces
04 Built areas
Built areas
10 %
50 %
Public spaces
0%
Public spaces
0%
40 %
Green spaces
0%
Green spaces
Locked areas
Green spaces
Locked areas
30 %
Locked areas
50 %
03
50 %
20 %
08
Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
10 %
Grey spaces
Public spaces
50 %
02 Built areas
Green spaces
0%
Built areas
10 %
50 %
Built areas
Grey spaces
Locked areas
40 %
Locked areas
50 %
Green spaces
0%
Green spaces
0%
01
40 %
Locked areas
Built areas
Public spaces
30 %
07
Built areas
30 %
12
50 %
06
Locked areas
20 %
Built areas
Public spaces
0%
Green spaces
0%
Public spaces
10 %
11
50 %
20 %
Built areas
Grey spaces
Locked areas
Public spaces
30 %
10 %
Grey spaces
Green spaces
0%
Built areas
20 %
Public spaces
0%
50 %
16
50 %
10
10 %
40 %
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
Built areas
0%
30 %
Built areas
Locked areas
Green spaces
Locked areas
20 %
15
50 %
09
10 %
Grey spaces
Green spaces
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
Built areas
Public spaces
0%
Locked areas
50 %
14 Built areas
Locked areas
Built areas
Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
20
Built areas
Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
50 %
Grey spaces
10 %
20 %
30 %
40 %
Green spaces
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
50 %
Grey spaces
10 %
20 %
30 %
40 %
Green spaces
50 %
Pattern Catalogue Historiacal center 03 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
10 %
Grey spaces
20 %
30 %
40 %
50 %
high density districts closed courtyards _private properties intrusion of infrastructures _public facilities / transportation nodes
Green spaces
19 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
Grey spaces
10 %
20 %
30 %
40 %
50 %
different scaled streets overlaping _historical shifting
Green spaces
integrated green areas _parks / public gardens
groups of building former of genuine city cores _the streets are the result private plots alignement _multiple patterns mainly according to historical periods old urban fabric forming districts _source of different uses + populations + social behaviour generaly high density patterns condensing activities but limited in terms of newer flexibility
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Pattern Catalogue Industrial Cluster 02 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
10 %
20 %
Grey spaces
30 %
40 %
large footprints buildings
50 %
Green spaces
14 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
10 %
20 %
Grey spaces
30 %
40 %
singular internal layout enclosed by large scaled streets
50 %
Green spaces
17 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
Grey spaces
10 %
20 %
30 %
40 %
50 %
no green area inside cluster
Green spaces
grey area connects utility space waterproof ground continuous large surface
group of warehouses dealing mainly with same typology _deposits / garages / supplies facilities industrial clusters behaviour is autonome in its use but totaly dependant in its activites _mono orientated function or use built components linked by artificial sleek ground denying public space functions _public / private transition generaly doesn’t exist
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Pattern Catalogue Planned District 06 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
10 %
Grey spaces
20 %
30 %
40 %
small footprints buildings repetitive components
50 %
Green spaces
18 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
Grey spaces
10 %
20 %
30 %
40 %
50 %
singular internal layout enclosed by large scaled streets
Green spaces
fence separated gardens create a continuous green area
repetitive components often deal with a general masterplan lead by public or private promoters to involved targeted population in local housing _high standing districts / gated communities / social housing in case of individual housing the public common space is underrated facing financial pressure _gardens in a row / unspecific plot / standard use
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Pattern Catalogue Diffuse Settlement 01 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
10 %
20 %
Grey spaces
30 %
40 %
small footprints buildings sprayed layout
50 %
Green spaces
05 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
10 %
Grey spaces
20 %
30 %
40 %
50 %
hierarchicaly served plot + private properties private allees to private properties
Green spaces
15 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
Grey spaces
10 %
20 %
30 %
40 %
surrounded by damaged countryside _fields / woods
50 %
Green spaces
repitition of object creating low density areas and monotonous denying context and larger scale topic of urbanisation as the gain of private property grows, the surrounding green area is damaged by progressive alteration this trend tends to create endless continuous built area of urban unefficiency even if the proposed objects belong to a high quality range
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Pattern Catalogue Diffuse Settlements 07 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
10 %
20 %
Grey spaces
30 %
40 %
50 %
small footprints buildings sprayed along large scale roadways / acces create low density sprawl
Green spaces
09 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
10 %
Grey spaces
20 %
30 %
40 %
homogenuous street network contrasting with larger scale roadways
50 %
Green spaces
11 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
10 %
Grey spaces
20 %
30 %
40 %
surrounded by damaged countryside _fields / woods
50 %
Green spaces
13 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
10 %
Grey spaces
20 %
30 %
40 %
50 %
Green spaces
08 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
Grey spaces
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
10 %
20 %
30 %
40 %
Green spaces
50 %
Pattern Catalogue Citadel 16 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
10 %
20 %
Grey spaces
30 %
40 %
different scaled buildings laidout according to a singular logic
50 %
Green spaces
20 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
Grey spaces
10 %
20 %
30 %
40 %
50 %
bordering by main access roads contrasting with internal street organisation
Green spaces
surrounded by countryside _fields / woods
large continuous grey area waterproof ground
recent specialized clusters contrasting with their own context _campus / “non-lieux� bordered by big axis of commnication and networks creating enclosed groups of building or infrastructures result of rescent planning dealing with contemporary worldwide development
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Pattern Catalogue Green Area 10 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
10 %
Grey spaces
20 %
30 %
40 %
small entities grouped according to a vernacular logic create low density areas
50 %
Green spaces
12 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
10 %
Grey spaces
20 %
30 %
40 %
homogenuous street network contrasting with larger scale roadways
50 %
Green spaces
04 Built areas
Locked areas
Public spaces
0%
Grey spaces
10 %
20 %
30 %
40 %
50 %
surrounded by damaged countryside _fields / woods
Green spaces
in the middle of gren regions mainly dedicated to agriculture or large surface natural activities _fields / protected zones / parks presence of housing is an heritage of historical and vernacular development _village / farms networks are set at primary step and deliver tiny activites nodes
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
Paterns Localization A almost diffused continuous city between two poles
A Pattern Survey of : Geneva The Leman Metropolis
19 20
Citadels Historical Centers
18
Planned Dsitrict
16 17
Industrial Cluster Citadels
15
Diffused Settlement
14
Industrial Cluster
13
Diffused Settlement Continuous City
12
Green Areas
11
Diffused Settlement Continuous City
10
Green Areas
09
Diffused Settlement Continuous City
08
Diffused Settlement Continuous City
07
Diffused Settlement Continuous City
06
Planned Dsitrict
05
Diffused Settlement
04
Green Areas
03
Historical Centers
02
Industrial Cluster
01
Diffused Settlement