Lab Process book 2_Floriane

EAT THINK LOVE Technologies

L B A

6

L B A PROCESS BOOK

#2

NL

Floriane Dubreuil

Design Academy Student

" I had been struck by an interview with an illustrator whose name escapes me. He rightly said that we were often mistaken by thinking that children have more imagination than adults. As a matter of fact, when they are playing, they are just reflecting the surrounding universe that adults have created but they have a dream-like outlook, that is to say, without apparent logical line. Their right brain hemisphere which analyzes the visual information deals with more information than their left hemisphere which focuses on the reason.

When they grow up, it's the opposite, except when they sleep.

The artist, the furniture designer, the graphic designer or even the architect would thus be, according to me, grown-ups who would not have let their left brain control their creativity. "

CONTENTS

INDIVIDUAL MAPPING

TECH' EXPERIMENTS

DAE MAPPING

LABBIES

8 - 14

14 - 22

24 - 26

28 - 34

NEW EDIBLE MATERIAL

HiIGH TECH SILK

TECH' IN MY DAILY LIFE

LIFE AFTER LAB

36 - 64

66 - 74

76 - 88

90 - 92

L B A 6

My Fascination Relatioship with DAE Insight on design & technolgies

INDIVIDUAL MAPPING

L B A 8

Dreamer & Daydreamer

Silver Photography & developing in dark room

Anderson & Truffaut

Hemingway E.E Schmidt & Interactive book

Drawing & Painting Touch & material

Traveler

Curiosity & Discovery

Observer

Interpretation & Perception

Food & Wine

Friends Family & Events

Sustainable Products

Furnitures & Objects

Scenography

Epheral Spaces Atmosphere & Man

10

Who am I ? What relationship with DAE

I am a French new second year student at DAE. Last year I have traveled and worked in gallery, in art-association and social-association. Before I have studied Interior architecture and interior design at ENSAAMA Olivier de Serre at Paris. My bad english is the problem to communicate so I want to improve it.

I am in Public Space department. But this is not my choice. I have applied for the Man & Living department but the school assigned me in Public Space thinking that it matchs me more. So I decided to try and stay in during one trimester.

Just arrived at DAE I still discover school, its location, its working and its possibilities. Never having used school worshops I want to experiment them. I will begin by plastic and plaster workshops.

Few weeks later : I think Public Space is a nice and open minded department but it is too much focus on environment. And if I really liked work on the project with Food-Curator professionnals during a workshop of few weeks, I was bored by the other project on weather climate change.

Mid-term : I participated at switch meeting to change of department. I wanted Man and Living department again. But Well-Being teacher talked with me, I observed project of Man & Living and Well-being department and finally I am in Well-Being, because this department matchs me more !

Outside my portfolio I think that this is my work-in-progress in Lab Kompass on the disappearing material topic and the food curator project in Public-Space that has led Well-Being teacher to speak me about her department. In PublicSpace workshop I have developped an pavilion in the Catharina Hospital park linked with hospital activity in order to develop natural healty syrup made from edible vegetal that we can find in the surrounding park. For this I have developed an object to harvest and transform edible vegetals.

To resume, what I want as a designer ?

Work on all the things of man everyday’s life, on his feeling & behaviour about his surrounding, in order to drive new ways to live and consequently in order to drive at innovations.

L B A

Fascinations

> MATERIAL : The working of the material, playing with different combination of materials, creating atmospheres, and fascinated by the permanent research for new material. > SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT : Fight the problem of waste, wanting create new ways to live and consume. > THE DARK ROOM DEVELOPMENT OF BLACK & WHITE SILVER PHOTOGRAPHY : The magic of the photography that is gradually revealed before our eyes > Rediscovering of photographies. > THE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR / SOCIOLOGY: The human senses, the interaction of man and surrounding. > THE INTERACTIVE BOOK :

- paper interactive book : the touch thanks printing technique / the 3D & movement thanks folding technique > bring a new dimension to the story by developing senses.

- virtual interactive book : virtual technology / thinking the history & be part of the history, become the narrator / interaction and link technique > One book one history can be have several ends > Surpass the limits > From primitive technologies of interactive paper book(3D folding, printing) to make it evolve its time > Interactive virtual book.

But the evolution of one technique should make it a clean slate of its past ? For example in this case virtual book must drive at the abolition of the paper book ? > CHAIRS : Its shapes, its materials, its colors, its implementation, its semantic expose everythings about one era (minds, politics, new technologies etc). Chairs are for me emblematic objects of design advancement. > DISCOVERING UNFAMILIAR SURROUNDINGS : be in destabilising position to be surprised and be aware all time. > LOUISE BOURGEOIS : her life devoted to her art. > ANDREA BRANZI : his forward-thinking, his influence, the plurality of the projects, the finesse, subtlety and semantics of his projects. > NERY OXMAN : her technological inovations, her futuristic vision finally inspired by nature which bases the identity of her projects.

#2 12

What kind of designer what do you want to be/are you ? What do you expect of Lab Kompass ?

I want remedy to human needs and create those of tomorrow by making a bridge between emotion and function.

Also these are my previous fascinations and thinking about designer that show what kind of designer I can become.

I tend to have an abstract thought, and give particular importance at the felt, at the untouchable, the senses and semantics. Today techniques is not absent in my projects generally, but I want to give more importance at technologies in my projects. And maybe create projects that follows from the development of a technology and not only result of an emotion or needs.

I am not very kind of the advent of social networks online platforms. But without becoming dependent about it, this is essential to take part to be present. Here is another ojective for Lab Kompass.

Can you tell me if technology is important at the academy ?

I think that the technologies are important at school thanks to the richness of its workshops. Also thanks to its effervescent surrounding with the world of design. And thanks to group work that brings the enrichment of each other and by consequence a sharper knowledge of what takes place in the design world and what will happen in the future, and therefore knowledge of technologies.

The working of the school is not an academic system(with department and kompass class), so there is «no limits of creation» that lead us to be turn towards the inovation and futur.

But I think that DAE does not take into consideration that we can called «primitive(traditional) tecnologies».

For exemple it does not want create a photo lab to made development of silver photography.

I think it is unfortunate because to understand and improve a technology, does not we must to know the basics, «the ancestors» of one technology ?

L B A

Insight on designer & technology / Insight on technologies & DAE

What is a designer ?

A man who have to have some qualities.

- REFLEXION - MATURITY (self-knowledge) - CURIOSITY - FASCINATION - FOLY & IMAGINERY - PERSONNALITY - BE AWARE OF HIS TIME - OPEN MINDED

What do you need to be a designer ?

A designer doesn’t need to know about technical development true or wrong ?

To begin a designer needs inspirations, need to observe an interprete. At this moment the designer doesn’t need to be a technical man, he only adopts a creative behaviour. He has to inspire by everything that has been so far in order to see further, consequently he has to have a well know of his time. That means to have a well know of advanced technologies. At his moment designer become a technical man in ord-er to create new things.

So the designer have to be ahead of its time and be turned towards innovation of tomorrow.

To resume, a designer has many facets. He must adapt and take advance on its time. It is therefore a creative man foremost, then indispensably a technical man and therefore a visionary when success is there.

#2 14

TECH'XPERIMENTS Why ?!

Fails and fails again Success !

L B A 16

TV & Bavaria Movement & Static electricity

When I turn on and turn off Tv the cap of can suspended by the wire moves. It stops when TV is completely on or completely off => Video on Labbies website.

A the beginning I did not know the interest of this tech’xperiments. Where this brings us ?!

But after a lots failed and relentlessness on this experiments, the success was there ! And if I look back on it, this work has been useful.

It had allowed to realize that technology are not only something out of reach and expensive, but it can be accessible.

Magnetic motor Electricity

Potato Battery Electricity

18

Pressure & Fontain Heat & cold

I immerse a plastic bottle with dyed water at ambient temperature in a container of warm water. Air in the bottle will warm up and push water in tube thanks to different atmospheric pressure.

Pressure & balloon Heat & cold

Very slowly the balloon will be sucked in bottle thanks different temperature beetween container(hot water) and bottle(fresh water) that create different air pressure.

It happens exactly the opposite effect of fontain experience on previous page.

20

How to create a bouncing ball > strong and elastic material Chemistry

1 - Take two bowls. 2 - In the first bowl mix polyvinyl acetate(synthetic glue) with powder food color. 3 - In the other bowl mix some borax with water. 4 - Add borax solution to colored glue and mix. 5 - Knead with hands.

Strong Structure Structure

22

DAE MAPPING

L B A 24

Main changements - I want to improve the circulation and connexion in DAE and create a big and unique circulation axis with stairs and elevators at the center of school, without breaking large and open space.

- I want to use different materials such as white Corian, glass and wood. The white corian will be translucent with the light throught and will diffuse the natural light without create bad shadows. All walls will leave pass the light but only the south glass wall and the center circulation axis will open the view on the sea and the sky.

Redistribution of the floors 0 - The reception, the concierge space, parking and the art shop will be at ground floor together.

There will be a smoker and social area. There will be also a delivery area.

1 - The large library, auditoriums and large exhibition spaces will be at the first floor.

2 - At the second there will be all workshops except digital workshop.

3 - At the 3rd there will be the digital workshop with computers, high-tech print, screen etc and with laboratory for digital photographies, one other for silver photographies and one studio to shoot. There will be some closed storage for students.

4-5 - The 4th and 5th floor will be ateliers for students with open storages : the 4th for master and bachelor departments the 5th for first year.

6 - I want to keep the Z-bar on the 6th floor and create an extension with a big roof terrace, half covered to create one zen space for cold season and one to hot season and one area for smoker ! I will create a second area next to the z-bar, with storage and one other to cook take-away feeds(with microwaves,tables, chairs, sofa).

Conclusion about the project I begin to build all the school with 1/100 scale. I thought about bearing wall and foundations but finally I think that it was not important. I discovered Minecraft at the same time as I built the school and I discovered that Minecraft is a great tool that allows to create free shapes(with cubes, so except curve shape of course) and constructions without technical constraints and without thinking about technology in fact !

Build the school at 1/100 was huge and I didn’t have time to improve the implantation location and to build the interior spaces wich is unfortunate because I think that is the most fun part !

This project was interesting to test adaptive capacity.

But I still hesitate about the interest of this project linked to technology.

It was to become aware about technologies in real life because in Minecraft we can create without think a lot about technical parameters. Or the interest was to adapt at the only and simple technical constraint that is create with cubes like Lego game in virtual life.

26

The Team Our Topics & Our Website Expedition

LABBIES

L B A 28

GIANNI

One of the most critical and direct ones, feeding his arguments with continuously growing knowledge. A diversity within the skills, is followed by a diversity within the interests. Organizing as his first passion.

HARRY

Someone who has seen him through himself, knowing how to manipulate himself in order to reach his goal. A big deal of honesty and open-mindedness allowing a prejudice less approach to every person.

GERA

Is a close to nature, and sociable one. In down to earth-, such imaginative intangib biggest life value be

ALDINE

, active, ambitious nhabiting the h as the abstract-, ble spaces. With it’s eing the sincerity.

The Labbies Team : brief description

FLORIANE

MARIJA

An authentic picture capturer/ creator of secret spaces being independent from the mass media and investing the saved time in deliciously shared meals and conversations.

In order to flee the state of nothingness she will play with different combination of materials, visualizing scenes into frames and creating atmospheres and worlds. A talkative one, wanting to fight the problem of waste.

You want to see more ? Go on our website

http://labbies.wordpress.com

30

High-tech silk The second topic proposed by Gianni that we have chose together is the high tech silk.

We are definitively love with innovating material !

The high tech silk is a primordial subject because silk suggests possibilities that we could see up to now only in science fiction movies !

Is that really the material of our futur ? That we can applied in almost every field ?

The curiosity and the attractivity around this material we has led to work on this topic.

The aim of the silk topic ?

- Gather a maximum of information that we will organize in a book.

- Try to take contact with scientist, artist, designer etc to make film interview.

- Each Labbies members will choose diferent thematics inside the silk topic, to research informations, contacts, and write articles in order to have as much as possible informations.

3D Printing Progressively Harry is not interesting by this previous topics because he wants to work on 3D printing, so progressively he leaves the Labbies group.

Programme / Schédule Week 1: Food – Research Silk excursion Week 2: Food – Research Silk Week 3: Food Week 4: Food Week 5: Food Week 6: Food Conclusion Week 7: Silk Exursion Week 8: Silk Week 9: Silk Conlusion => GOALS: Food > MAKE our own product, or try to get as far as possible Silk > RESEARCH what is out there, make a good overview table on the website

Our three main topics

The disappearing / edible material This topic is the first topic that came naturelly during conversation about fascinations of each other and create a consensus.

Actually the creation of a new sustainable material is an important subject.

More this topic evocates different things for each other because it is a large topic that alows a lot of applications and developments.

I want to work on this topic to experiment material, because I am fascinated by material with its sensitive effects on man and interactions on environment. But up to now I have not really had the oppurtunity to focus me on. This topic is for me a consensus of fascinations : Sustainable products and new ways to consider food.

First I had imaginated to create an evenement organized around this topic during which we use only object and space made from disapearing and edible material : lamp, cup, glass, covering wall etc.

I imaginated this evenement in order to create an atmosphere an identity thanks a material and prove that a sustainable material can be replace and surpass functions and interaction with human senses of our actual materials mostly made from plastic.

Also in order to compare the production of wastes during this disapearing evenement with an other classical evenement of the same proportion.

Progressively I am only focus on dishes with creation of cup, or bowl or plate, to improve a lot the material. Because create a new material means a lot of experimentations, researchs, failed, patience, unplanned etc.

One time when I spoke about my project in my surrounding, a bad coment has interested me ÂŤDo you imagine that you will create a new material, but you are not a scientist !Âť I think a designer have to fill the gap of human needs or resolve problem in the human life. If I need to create a new material for resolve actual problems, I need to become a scientist or a biologist, a biodesigner in fact !

Through research each Labbies members followed a different direction and work with a main material. Gianni works on edible material for dishes made from carrots. Geraldine works on biodegradable material made from eggshells. Marija work on disapearing packaging made from muschrooms and I work on edible and disappearing material mainly made from algaes for dishes.

So the project is to create an innovative sustainable material for an object, but the aim is the design of material previously the design of object.

In this case we have decided together for final production to create each other a bowl of 20 by 20cm aproximatively with a very simple shape especially thinking for our different material(thin or large thickness etc) in order to highlight it !

(Marija will made a packaging for bowl : 20cm approx)

32

Muschroom Farmer Expedition Expedition leads by Marija mostly linked to her muschroom packaging > Video on our website

34

NEW EDIBLE

MATERIAL

L B A 36

1

2

Inspirations 1

2

When the material create an identity, an atmosphere > all edible material > paste/ dough/ sugar glass.

EDIBLE ARTWORK made from vegetables by the Dutch artist Geke Wouters. He has tried to bring ecofriendly artwork in the form of paper‑thin bowls that are made from carrots, peppers, beet root, leeks and tomatoes among other veggies. The delicate vegetable bowls are made using a unique drying and forming process that converts organic materials into thin layers.

www.ecofriend.com/eco-arts-artist-createspaper-thin-biodegradable-bowls-fromvegetables.html

3

WIKICELLS is a new edible packaging based on biology studies developped by the Dr.David Edwards, professor of the Practice in Biomedical Engineering

http://joonbug.com/national/cool-shit/EdiblePackaging-Thinking-Outside-the-Box-andEating-It/nnjKk7Nqljs http://tri-mach.com/wikicell-edible-foodpackaging/ http://paperise.wordpress.com/2012/08/08/ edible-water-soluble-wrapping-is-this-the-foodpackaging-of-the-future/

3

http://www.adweek.com/adfreak/brazilianfast-food-chain-puts-burgers-ediblewrappers-146028

4

4

WASARA PROJECT. These are not edible container but intelligent ephemeral design with beautiful delicacy and simple shape > made from paper.

Design according to traditional Japenese aesthetic.

http://www.wasara.jp/e/

38

5 6

7

5

EDIBLE TEXTILES by Camilla Woudie.

Manipulating a collection of ingredients, she challenged the boundaries of textiles.

The structure and formation of the food was changed to create a surface that could be translated as a material.

http://www.designboom.com/art/edible-textiles/ http://camillawordie.com/edible-textiles

6

EDIBLE SURFACES / TEXTIELS made from chocolate by Pinaki studio.

The pieces are a result of fusing the processes used by chocolate and textile artisans to create various pleated, creased and embossed sweets. The project explores parallels in the technical methods of two disparate crafts to produce novel concepts for the development of consumable objects. The investigation yielded surprising connections between the two disciplines with temperature control, moulding and chemical techniques being key factors common to both.

http://www.designboom.com/design/pinakistudios-chocolatl-edible-surfaces/

7

40

PHARMA-FOOD is a system of nourishment through breathing designed by AndrĂŠ GuixĂŠ.

It is composed of a type of particle that is ingested by breathing and that has nutritional effects on the organism. These particles include vitamins, amino acids, minerals and micronutrients in general. The particles constitute a volatile muesli that is released to be inhaled and then reach their destination by the mouth > 1999 Presented in Futur Compost. Palau de la Virreina, Barcelona.

9

Stop DDW 8

8

9

10

10

42

DECAFE PROJECT by Raul Lauri. The idea is to create homewares and lights out of used coffee grinds. He started reflecting on how he could make the most of our everyday wastes.

This is a final result of a long experiment, lots of patience and enthusiasm is stunning !

By using traditional culinary techniques and a natural binder, Raul started creating homewares and lights and was able to retain the beautiful texture and aroma of the used coffee grinds. With coffee being one of the most traded commodity in the world and taking such an important part in people’s life and habits, he decided to work around the idea of upcycling the used coffee grinds.

The declinaison of object from one thinking process is very interesting ! And maybe the aim of research about new material.

EGGPOTS by Shiwa Rashtian. The main interest in the project is the environmentally conscious, the nutrition. Eggs is much consumed in Netherland and unfortunately eggshells usually end up in a trash while there are important substances such as calcium.The designer fascinated by nature and its utilisation in projects has decided to give a second life for eggshells and decided to create pot for plants.

Over the time the plant absorbs eggshells and its calcium to develop well itself. She created a new relationship between container and content thanks a new disappearing material. This is this process and relation that I found very interesting in eggpots project.

Unfortunately I didn’t can participate at this conference but it seemed very attractive and novative and mostly linked with the new edible material topic. It was about the research of material with new insight and new way to design. Also on the perception and sensitive effects in interaction with new material that is I think an essential constraint in the development of new material.

12

12

13

13

44

BIOBASED WUNDERKAMMER is a collaboration of designers on a common topic that is the research on biological material originating in the Southwest region of the Netherlands, between art, agriculture and industry. My feeling during this exhibition was the creation of a futurist atmosphere/ technologies with primitive means ! I think that was the aim, so this is a great success. I really liked this projects which inspired me. > Eggplant and mushrooms that turn into biofuel. > Clothes that react to body temperatures. > 3D printing (auto developed) with beeswax. > Touch and smell experience from a collection of biomaterial including natural fragance, dyes etc.

Working on material made from algae, it is interesting to discover how cultivating edible microalgae like spirulina in a domestic environment.This suggests encouraging possibilities. Thanks to accessible technology we can create new ways of living and consuming, with the opportunity to become completely independent.

Big Inspirations

UFO plates is a mono-use disposable plate designed by Andrea Ruggiero for Indisposed, an exhibition which invited designers to address notions of disposability in everyday products. Lightweight and rigid, UFO is designed to be used at picnics, garden parties, beach parties or barbecues and disposed of by launching into the bushes, like a frisbee. Upon impact, the plates break into smaller pieces and serve to feed birds, squirrels or rodents, working according to the «waste = food» principle. The very act of launching the plate make its disposal shameless fun ( a cross beetween an Olympic discus event and a Greek wedding) and the impact of the plate becomes a necessary part of process. In Italian, such mono-use objects are referred to as «usa e guetta» literally «use and throw» in English. Though semantically disturbing, this was the inspiration behind the UFO concept.

Plates are made from blended bird seed and potato starch.

46

Edible container’s Diane Bisson Solid soup and edible plates that are worn like jewellery are two of the latest products created by experimental food designer Diane Bisson. From her kitchen-laboratory in Montreal, Bisson (associate professor of the school of industrial design at the University of Montreal) is developing a range of edible tableware to eliminate wasteful disposable plates and cutlery.

But her products are nothing like those horrible plates made of wheat or corn flour that “look like cardboard and taste like cardboard”, says Bisson. “The project is to create something much more aesthetic, more gastronomic, more interesting to taste and to eat with your food or after your food.” Her plan isn’t to make recognisable “plates” at all, but to rethink and transform the way we eat, developing new techniques and rituals around food.

like material.

The next step is the containers and eating implements.

“These are, as much as possible, different to the archetypal round plate that we’ve been used to for 3,000 years,” she says. “They bring some new gestures along, new ways of handling the food and picking up the food, and that also involves creating new textures that are practical for that, that are tactile.”

One Bisson creation, for instance, is a carrier for finger-food that is worn on the hand like a ring or a knuckle-duster. But, as she points out, using food to hold food isn’t new – we did it ourselves in the past and it’s still common in other cultures.

But Bisson kept it simple when she debuted her creations at Montreal’s Portes Ouvertes design festival in April. She served visitors samples of the materials in fairly conventional shapes. “I don’t want to scare anyone with my project and have people thinking these are crazy gastronomic ideas that cannot be implemented in actual everyday life,” she says.

Bisson started by developing a range of edible materials that could be turned into complex shapes.

The solid soup is a jelly-like substance made using agar, a transparent, tasteless substance derived from algae. That might sound a little off-putting – and when we saw it coming out of the plastic tube being used as a prototype mould, it looked a little unusual – but it can taste just like cool tomato and pepper soup, or an apple and basalmic vinegar salad dressing. It can be moulded into a bowl for salads, and can even hold a hot liquid soup or stew. Other materials developed by Bisson include a flexible, purple, crepe-like substance, which tastes mildly of blueberries, and a crunchy, crisp-

There are plans to bring products to the market, possibly through institutions such as schools at first – Bisson was inspired to begin her research after seeing the mountains of waste produced by her son’s school.

And rather than putting the finished edible containers on sale, she might just produce recipes so people can make their own: “I would love to be able to produce moulds for people to cook their own picnic plates.”

48

1

2

3

First experiments & Fails 1

2

4

BIOPLASTIC. One fine layer with sesam seed for a quiclky drying > not effective.

BIOPLASTIC and coloring and flavouring > mouldiness cause of sugar > water doesn’t evaporate > too much wet material.

3D BIOPLASTIC molding with metal mold. The thickness is too large > the bioplastic doesn’t dry > mouldiness.

1 + 2 +4 The bio-plastic is difficult to manage : 2 weeks of drying for about 1 cm thick (for a completely dry material) / find the good recipe to have a solid material and not cracked / gelatinous appearance, difficult to mold / permeable if the bioplastic is not completely dry / impossible to mix with food like vegetables otherwise the material rots before being dry but only with aroma(wihout sugar)…

4

3+ 5+ 6 A lot of possibilities/results with ALGAE 3

5

5

6

50

6

Algae crushed/mixed/boiled/ filtred > extract liquid.

Mix extract with starch potato.

Baking > higt temperature > completely dehydrated.

Blowing the material > Failed Molding > nice Interesting aspect but not for my project.

Boiled and mixed algae > Add of vegetable > great result !

More stronger !

Not mix fruit and different algae together > Mouldiness.

7

9

7

8

VEGETABLES. With very thin thickeness > dehydrated > good aesthetic but not fonctional > the shape is distord after one day...

With large thickness > viscous > dehydrated > distirding.

Vegetable is less waterproof than algae. Vegetables are not interesting only for me because algae and mixture of algae and vegetable is really better.

Vegetables / algae and vegetables.

Baking parameters: red crumbled > Low temperature(50) during 2 days 1 night.

How to improve taste and smell > natural aroma > bad reaction > vicous > good smell but unpleasant feeling on the palate. > Not use powder aroma or liquid aroma.

8

9

10

BEESWAX and candy melt. > easy to mold > a lot of shape is possible > good appearance > good taste > good smell > good touch > perfect ?

NO > melt in finguers and grease layer on the material... > FIND A SOLUTION TO IMPROVE IT.

PROCESSING Main basics products to the creation of new material ? > Starch > Products for development : algae / vegetable / beeswax.

Implementation : Molding. > how ? Baking ? dehydrating ? Metal, plastic, plaster mold ? > Baking and dehydrating with silicon mold looks better.

10

52

A material mainly made from dough

---

I wanted to try dough for a new material but it is just a dough and a mold : not very innovative. > Mostly it is not permeable(impossible to use as dishes or packaging). > But maybe a good base, thanks to its good taste, its pleasant smell and consistency, if we combine dough with an other material. > Consistency in the mouth is perfect: crisp and sweet. > After 3 days the consistency is bad and after 5 day the dough is rotten.

A material mainly made from agar-agar

+-

Edible material with a technical borrowed from molecular cooking. > Mix of agar-agar(2g), syrup (for aroma and colorant), and flour(one spoon of Ma誰zena), boiled and directly immersed in very cold vegetable oil(just drops of the mixture are immersed here). The auto-formation thanks thermal shock is great and smooth and very strong ! The touch of this material seemed synthetic material. A implementation to create functional shape or object is hard to imagine but the process is to remember.

Succesful experimentations

A material mainly made from bio plastic

++-

After adjustments and settings, one test is successful. This is thanks very thin thickness. It is necessary that thickness is very thin, otherwise the material rots before being dry. Implementation : spreading or molding and drying. > The properties of material : solidity, lightness, permeability, smell and touch very pleasant but impossile to eat because of rubbery consistency. > Recipe and process : mix 8mL of glycerine / 400mL of water / 2 teaspoons of Vanilla natural aroma / 2cups of Ma誰zena to pour into the mixture progressively / heat to 100 maximum degrees without boiling / make dry during minimum 8 days. > Deformation of the shape due to the drying of the material after 10 days. How improve the conservation and keep properties for a little longer time ?

54

A material mainly made from Algae & Vegetables

+++

Attractive ? Surprising ? Disgusting ? > This material create a identity/a particular atmosphere. > Honestly not tasty and a bit smelly for the moment ‌ But very healthy and eco friendly (can be transform in compost for garden soil after use, directly broken on) > But very good surprising properties of the final material : solidity and flexibility, crispy, impermeability. > Can be translucent thanks baking parameters and with a through light. > I molded the mix and put in the oven to dehydrate the material during 15 min.

Now, I have to try different kinds of Algae to improve properties and tasty. > Color thanks to vegetables : Brown > Mushrooms added / Purple > Red cabbage added / Green : Potato added (only green color of algae..) > Very curious and interesting about development of this material...

56

A material made from beeswax & Candy melt

+++

Candy melts are a often recommended product for easy candy making or coating cake pops with a chocolatey coating. They come in many colors and have a plain, vaguely milky flavor that serves as a base for additional flavorings. COMPOSITION(main ingredients) : sugar and vegetable fats.

The beeswax is not really consumed and appreciated when it is eaten fresh or alone, but it is not toxic, so, this is possible to consumed it. The taste and texture of the Beeswax are not very good. But I decided to cook it as an additive and a binder because the wax can be melted and molded very easily and the aesthetic is very attractive ! the wax is waterproof and can be a strong material for dishes. > First I have mixed Beeswax & Candy Melts to see reaction and properties. Then I molded the mixture, put in the fridge and just wait 3 hours.

RESULTS and PROPERTIES : the tasty is super good / the aesthetic is great like plastic / the cups are waterproof !

BUT the cups melt in the fingers as chocolate(35°C approx), an I get the impression that there is a small layer of grease in contact with cup because of beeswax…. > I try the same mix and process but I have just added a teaspoon of starch potato and a tablespoon of guar gum. It’s better ! > I try the same with more quantites. The best is : for a small cup like this : 2 teaspoon of starch potato and 1 small of guargum. > To improve again the touch of cup after the waiting in fridge, I have spread a very small layer of egg-white on the cups and I put again in the fridge during 3hours ….

AND IT’S BETTER ! > The cups melt only at 60°C. > But after 1 day the resistance against warm decrease. The cups melt always only at 60°C but the small layer of grease is again there. > So I research and experiment about natural conservator : I added grapefruit seed extract. This is a natural conservator very effective and an anti-bacterial. More it renforces human body : very good for health and it has a good smell.

The perfect quantities for a cup like this is 70drops. > The material is succesful : always good first properties / not melt / not layer grease !

58

Resume & Conclusion of experimentations Made from algae & vegetables(only for coloring and flavoring)

Made from Bioplastic

> Ideal material : solid and flexible, waterproof, good touch, easy to mold, completely healthy for humans and eco‑friendly. Negative aspect : tasty and smell.

INTERESTING TO DEVELOP MORE

> Extremely interesting material. Already used and currently being developed by a lot of scientists and designers. Difficult to handle and metering. DIFFICULT TO DEVELOP AND TAKE ANOTHER WAY OF SCIENTIFICS : I CHOOSE TO NOT DEVELOP MORE TO TRY TO CREATE A MORE NEW MATERIAL.

Dough container

Agar Agar & thermal shock reaction

> Pleasant tasty, smell and touch. Not waterproof.

Just dough... NOT INTERESTING. Could be interesting to mix with other material(maybe) but I choose to not develop it more.

>This is not a finished product but an ingredient made from algae. Good properties of the ingredient : binding agent, thickening agent, conservative agent.

THERMAL SHOCK REACTION IS INTERESTING TO CREATE SMOOTH FORM.

Made from beeswax & Candymelt(only for coloring and flavoring) > Good properties : very easily to transform in molding and to create a lot of form, attractive, pleasant smell and tasty, waterproof, solid. Negative aspect : no resistance against the warm, melt in fingers during a long contact.

INTERESTING TO FIND THE RIGHT MIX TO RESIST AGAINST WARM OF FINGUERS AND NORMAL SURROUNDING TEMPERATURES. Made from Algae > Salty flavor Made from beeswax > Sweet flavor

Position again on my final material and final product Finally, what do I expect of the final product ? > A product made from innovative material. The new material is the aim of this product. > A product half-food/half-object, could be commercialize, so could be conserve, but designed for a limited use through time. > Food or object, in the both cases it must be attractive with good aesthetic and touch. > As food it must have an attractive taste and smell. As object it must have the main functions of dishes : waterproof, solid (do not melt, do not crumble etc). > This product will be a set of dishes : bowl, plate, glass etc that we can eat after use. Later, the new edible material could be an alternative of the plastic (plastic plate, plastic glass etc) > The benefice would be to use this product in order to save money, save time, feed, and find an eco-friendly alternative for the environment (waste, pollution etc).

An important nuance

So, what mesage I want to transmit ?

I want to think «I can eat that I look» or I want that the object has «a normal appearance» and I want to think at the first feeling that the object cannot be eat ?

Because finally this is a big nuance. The object will be transparent or not. I mean, the object can show its main ingredient or not. I mean what will be its final aesthetic ?

These are this questions that will decide the final aesthetic and logically at the same time the final material that will be the most interesting to develop !

In the first example the bowl is directly authenticate as food. In this case, it is the remember of a taste, a feeling that makes you want use and eat the bowl or not.

This example can attract some people because the material is explicit and inspire confidence. But it can put off some people because people have different tastes and some will not like the concept to eat vegetables instead of having a plate(roughly resume).

And the second example is directly authenticate as object. So it creates the surprise when the users discover that they can eat the object. And this is the surprise that makes you want use and eat the bowl.

This example can create desire by creating surprise. But the surprise can put off some people who are afraid of the unknown and do not trust in the material because it is implicit.

There is no good or bad response at this questions «Will the object have to implicit or explicit appearance ?» just two different directions and identities.

But what I especially emphasizes is : «In the first example the bowl is directly authenticate as food. In the second example is directly authenticate as object.»

1 _ This bowls made from vegetable have a transparent aesthetic. It shows the principal ingredient that is the vegetables. The human brain guesses the food and transmits a message : «I can eat this bowl» or «I want eat it» or «I don’t want eat it».

The edible or degradable material is an actual topic.

It become even a popular topic. And there is a lot of «new material» that are born. But finally the majority of this «new materials» are not a real product that we can use like an object, but only new food. Because they are made for a very very short life : I create, I eat.

For example, the sugar-glasses, the dough dishes, the plates molded in chocolate. This products are not different of hamburger buns or crepes. This products are not a new material or innovations but just a new way to eat food.

2 _ This containers, plates and bowls have not a transparent aesthetic because we don’t guess the material of the object. The dishes don’t show that they are edible containers at the first feeling, thanks to the impeccable and immaculate finishes.

I think that is important to consider this nuance. I want to develop all above a material that we can eat after use instead of become waste and not a new food that we can be use as a material before to eat.

60

A material mainly made from alguae

Thanks to previous reasoning I think that the material made from algae is the most interesting to develop and that could offer a lot of possibility is made from algae.

The edible material made from algae will be green(or other vegetal colours) but not really look like food. It will a solid object in which users can eat or drink with the same function than plates, glasses or bowls. But additional at the end of meal the users can eat the plate like a food accompaniment or users can eat plate during the meal by breaking a part of plate, soaking it in the sauce of food like bread. But if users ate too much, they can give it at animal (birds, dogs etc) or just throw the plate on the garden soil like compost, or just throw the plate that will be biodegraded very quickly.

For the moment the algae experimentations are a little bit a contradiction with my previous text because up to now I used the algae in its first state, in the form of plant. So we can guess it through of the cup(thanks to the green color and smell) what may seem disgusting.

Consequently I have to use the algae in an other state, and just take the good properties(waterproof, good for health an environment, binding agent, thickening agent, conservative agent), and try to leave aside the taste, color and smell a maximum. So I choose to use algae in powder. And I try to develop a good recipe made from it.

For a transformation completely natural and cheap I tried tro create algae powder at home and it is a success : 1 _ I made boiled the algaes 2 _ filtered 3 _ I let to cool the filtrate to allow it to make into jelly 4 _ After I have dehydrated the jelly by congelationdecongelation (or by pressing) 5 _ I warmed it with a hair-dryer in a closed plastic box and little by little it become powder.

It must a lot of algae for a small quantity of powder.

Thus the final material will be more smooth, will have less smell, and after the mix with a natural aroma the taste of algae will be a little dissipated. The green color will be always present but attenuated. (The pale green like a signature ?! or it’s possible to add food coloring …).

The powder algae can be mix with natural aroma without sugar (natural extract of vegetables, fruit, meat like bacon etc) to accommodate the aroma of the container with the content, the food. What kind of algae use ?

After a lot of research about what kind of algae to use, what kind of algae has the good properties for the final material, I selected one algae :

- We can find it on a lot of coast and mostly in France on the Breton coast that is invaded by algae which it is difficult of getting rid. Instead of using corn or potato or other vegetables and compete with food resources I want to use this seaweed as raw material for my product

- Already used in forming hard and thermally stable gels used as a food additive (E400 to E405) for the reconstitution of food (ham, blue cords, breaded fish etc.) / recognized as national interest of food in Japan because very healthy for human and environment and almost inexhaustible. This algae clean the organism of excess food of man : fat, alcohol, malnutrition and preserve of cholesterol, colon cancer or stomach infarcts, etc (scientific study in progress).

- At this moment an unexpected point appears : these algaes become the main ingredient of a futur material designed to contain food. This is a gentle irony, a de-culpabilisation or a good compromise. Somehow a new link between the content and the container is created.

«I eat what there is on my plate, this is good to taste, but this is the greasy meat with its juices and potatoes, this is bad for my arteries, but this is okay because I will also eat my plate made ​​from algae that will detoxify my body of all this bad food for my health !» (this is a caricatural description to show the idea) Some of people can think that it’s anecdotic, offensive or rude, but I think that this link can be very interesting !

Today everybody knows that alcohol, cigaret or fast‑food is bad for health but «nobody» wants stop their habitudes. It will be necessary to address at this problematic !

Made from deshydrated algaes

Made from freshed algaes

But I digress from the topic, so to return to the development of the new edible material I need to resume different steps and recipes of the material made from algae to improve it and create the final.

Recapitulation about the development/step of the material made from algae Over time, from 15 days, cause vegetable the material dried and deforms itself. => test with natural liquid or powder aroma(without vegetable) > BAD REACTION, I don’t know why... maybe oil, sugar > strong and viscous material in the same time.

Crumbling over the time, but very good smell and taste.

Mix of agar-agar with water and wakame algae.

Algae too gelatinuous.

Mix too slimy, water content too elevated, it does not evaporates.

DISGUSTING > mouldiness Again with wakame algae.

Sesam seeds sucks water.

Still a little gelatinuous.

Unpleasant touch, smell.

Disgusting tasty.

Mix of algae, starch potato & water > baked. Different test with different algae > successful with Spiruline / Chlorella / Alginate.

With sesam seeds > solid and dry material but progressive crumbling effect.

Whithout sesam seeds > a bit solid and flexible material, pleasant touch > satisfactory results.

Additon of vegetables to color and give good flavor. Red cabbage : ++ for attract, -- for smell.

Vegetables (mostly potato) toughen the material with the same flexibility and touch quality.

BAKING > Extremely warm temperature(250) during 10min for deshydratation then 80 during 30min. Good result > translucent property with a very thin thickness thanks to the light through.

Hight temperature (150) on deshydratation option during 1 day > very interesting appearance and touch and smell but not for container > material like fine lace.

Low temperature(50) during 2 days 1 night > Interesting result to create cinema skin monster ! > unpleasant touch : rough / shape deformation during baking / unbreakable.

62

How give a shape ?

1 : baking/stop when the material become elastic and flexible/ BLOW material > test at differemt temperature, different time, etc > ALL FAILED 2 : molding with metal or plastic mold > difficult to demold > risk of break the material.

3 : silicon mold (and silicon rotation mold)> SUCCESS. FINAL product => Fluid material > total mold with interior and exterior for finition > molding before baking. > Add Guargum with starch potato > more strong and crispy breakable material. > Add grapefruit seed extract(liquid mix with water) for good conservation > prevent the material from drying out and distorting.

The material is not smooth.

The material is green or dark color > not attractive ?

Color > Warm shock during baking > 300 during 5min > light discoloration. Utilisation of powder algae > light decoloration. Powder alginate in shop is already discolored but loses a some good properties for my material > not the same results > mix the powders. Only Spiruline and alginate because bad reaction between alginate and chorella.

Final material view > the 19th of december at 5th floor DAE !

Design the shape I thought a shape for the final product that will be exposed, a specific suitable shape for the new material. I was planning to make it in clay by pottery technique. Finally cause this unplanned problems for implementation, I decided to focus me only on the material, and design shape in pottery later.

Silicon mold

Rotomolding ?

Plaster implementation

Final composition of new edible material 1 - Algae powder or dehydrated crushed : mix of same quantity of Spiruline and Alginate 2 - 1/8 of the quantity of the Algae of Guargum 3 - 1/3 of th quantity of Algae of Starch potato 4 - 40-60 drops of grapefruit seed extract with water 5 - For taste and coloring : different ways : dehydrated crusched vegetable or elderberries home syrup or other...

6 - Seed sesam crushed and mixed

Technical Implementations I consider baking and molding for the implementation during my experimentations.

But I develop the material without consider all parameters of the implementation : cost / quantities (stamp => real product). I really thinking about implementation from 20/11 and begin it 2/12, because I was sure of myself about the process of implementation, and I wanted a material just made for the final ! But the implementation is finally the step that caused me the most problems, because a lot of unplanned.

This is my error. I would have predicted more time for the implementation, shape, molding etc, for a great final result of my product.

1 _ I wanted create a mold of a big bowl(in a cube of 20cm approximatively) in silicon. Unfortunately I need of big quantity of silicon => very expensive, approximatively 150 for one mold. More, finally use silicon is not a very logical approach. Because the new edible material wants be an alternative for the plastics...

2 _ The material is not enough elastic to be blow.

3 _ The best implementation, better than silicon mold could be a similar technique of rotomolding. But to do this, it would require a lot of means.

4 _ Plaster could be a great solution, but the problem that is plaster sucks all water which mofdifies my natural material and the final result is different and not satisfying. If I applicate a thin foil between plaster and edible material, the mix is too wet because it suffocates.

More this process leaves a pattern on the wet material and create a inegal thickness.

5 _ Finally I think plaster is the solution. Just I need to experiment again, because I have to modify quantites of composition and temperature and time of baking to arrive at a similar result than with silicon mold because there is a reaction between brut plaster and new material.

An other solution will be to enamel my plater mold ! > No ! > kins of fusion during high warming > imposible to demold ...

64

WORK IN PROGRESS Algae

6

A sweet and funny edible material

I am mostly focused on the new disappearing material made from algae but I continued to develop this edible material made from beeswax. I think that it is less innovative than the algae material but maybe more attractive, for the moment.

I am interested in the properties of the beeswax when I discover the projects of the design collaborative called Biobased-Wunderkemmer, because it suggests interesting possibilities.

The beeswax is not really consumed and appreciated when it is eaten fresh or alone, but it is not toxic, so this is possible to consumed it. The taste and texture of the beeswax are not very good, but I decided to use it as an additive and a binder. Beeswax can have an aesthetic similar to plastic resins that is very attractive ! More the wax is waterproof and can be a strong material for dishes.

First to improve the taste and smell of beeswax I mixed it with Candy-Melt. After I mold the mixture and dehydrated it by one congelation/decongelation.

They have well mixed together to add their properties : the tasty is super good, the aesthetic is great such as plastic and the cups are still waterproof. But the material melt in the fingers as chocolate and there is a small layer of grease on the surface. This problem has been the big technical problem to resolve. A lot of research, failed and experiments has began and transformed my kitchen in big laboratory.

To resolve this failed I tryed the same mix and process but I have added starch potato and guar gum. To improve again the touch of cup before congelation, I have spread a very small layer of egg-white on the cups and I put in the freezer.

Now, the cups melt only at 60째C.

Today we can see some people aware of contemporary issues wishing to eliminate wasteful disposable plates and cutlery try to create home bioplastic thanks to video user guide on Youtube, but the result is bad or inexistent. With my material made from beeswax I want design something much more aesthetic, more interesting to taste and to eat with your food or after your food.

Consequently for this new edible material, it could be interesting to develop the recipice and the molds of dishes in order to users prepare their set of picnics dishes or lunchboxes. After experimentation and research the process of fabrication is quick, easy and cheap.

This material open less possibilities of technological development than my material made from algae but it interesting to improve again. Also it is attractive and really accessible.

6

WORK IN PROGRESS Beeswax

6

HIGH TECH SILK

L B A 66

Inspirations

Design & technology

1

1

BULLET PROOF SKIN by the artist Jalila EssaĂŻdi in collaboration with Abdelouahab El Ghalbzouri, a scientist.

She has created a futuristic tissue like a second skin, which reinforce the skin cells by combining it with spider silk. It can stop a speeding projectile without being perced.

Her project began as a bio-art project questioning the link between biotechnology and people in order to explore the social, cultural and political repercussions caused by new biotechnologies. Finally this project combining skin cells and spider-silk has proved to be a real interest for biotechnology thanks the result of the combination.

2

Designers and scientists or designers and biologists or designers and engineers : when we are interesting at innovating and futurist design project for our future inevitably we questionning technologies and the difference between designers and scientists disappears more and more. The design is a technological man mostly actually and more in the futur. So the designer have to be inform of technologies innovation in different fields.

2

SILK PAVILION by MEDIA LAB COLLECTIVE. They used nature, worm silk here, to build and create, but not just with product of the nature, their constructions become living thanks to the silk process.

The collective has decrypt the worm silk’s

spinning process using robot. At the first of experience, the robot memorizes the various points posed by the insect on a wire of one long mile kilometer, to reproduce a structure on a larger scale. Then it generates a 3D model with a skeleton of 26 plates, which serve as a springboard for worms.

Then in the reality, it hosts 6500 silkworms on its 26 platforms, which begin to weave the building envelope.

The silkworms becomes part of the technology used in the project. The result obtained thanks to advanced technology (3D printing, etc.) is very subtle and poetic finally.

68

3 5

6

7

Inspirations

Bio-medical field 3

SILK IMPLANTS Silk implants are placed in the brain of laboratory rat in order to reduce the progression of epilepsy. This experiemntations

by A group of researchers at Oregon Health and Sciences

University (OHSU) and Tufts University is succesful. These silky brain implants are designed to release adenosine (ADO), a specific chemical compound which has been shown to play an important part in fight against epilepsy.

4

4

TRANSGENIC GOAT SILK. With a lot of innovation and application from silk, the spider

silk is not an inexhaustible resource.

Somes researchers has found how create transgenic silk though milk goat. http://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/science_nation/ spidersilk.jsp

5

6

Such as Jalila Essaïdi has revealed the possibilities of the spider silk to improve human skin, the silk will be the better material to use in the RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY : bones, skin, ligaments, heart tissue, etc.

The bio-medical engineers David Kaplan and Fiorenzo Omenetto have discovered that genetically engineered spider silk improve GENE THERAPY. The gene therapy is the treatment of certain disorders, especially those caused by genetic anomalies or deficiencies, by introducing specific engineered genes into a patient’s cells. Genetically engineered spider silk could help overcome a major barrier to the use of gene therapy in everyday medicine.

Here the picture is the gene therapy progression against human breast-cancer cells on laboratory rats.

Inspirations

Biodegradable optic sensor 7

Do you imagine an edible optical sensor that could be placed in produce bags to detect harmful levels of bacteria and consumed right along with the veggies. Or an implantable device that would monitor glucose in your blood for a year, then dissolve ? Thanks to silk is now possible. Scientists at Tufts University’s School of Engineering have demonstrated for the first time that it is possible to design such «living» optical elements that could enable an entirely new class of sensors. These sensors would combine sophisticated nanoscale optics with biological readout functions, be biocompatible and biodegradable, and be manufactured and stored at room temperatures without use of toxic chemicals.

The Tufts team used fibers from silkworms to develop the platform devices.

70

Silk topic article : design & technology

Biological fabrication from design to bio-medical technologies Still synonymous with luxury and beauty, silks spun by worms and spiders are a masterpiece of nature whose properties have yet to be fully replicated in the laboratory. Silk fibers are outstanding material systems with a toughness that is superior to any synthetic high-performance fiber now available, including Kevlar. The high strength and extensibility of natural silk result from the way the proteins are organized. They are folded in complex ways that give silk its unique combination of attributes. But today scientists and designers are striving to discover the silk’s secret in the world of design and technology and mostly in the bio-medical technology.

Silk topic article : design & technology The silk material becomes tool and brings together scientists and designers to develop a close collaboration between technology and nature with bio-design projects.

With the Media Lab collective the worm silk is envisaged as a construction material to build. First, the collective has decrypt the worm silk’s spinning process using robot. At the first of experience, the robot memorizes the various points posed by the insect on a wire of one long mile kilometer, to reproduce a structure on a larger scale. Then it generates a 3D model with a skeleton of 26 plates, which serve as a springboard for worms.

Then in the reality, it hosts 6500 silkworms on its 26 platforms, which begin to weave the building envelope. The result is quite impressive : the silk pavilion has quickly the size of a large tent. Following this, 1.5 million eggs were laid. After hatching, the larvae could build 250 replicas of the shelter. Not yet frightening giants construction, but this silk-experience opens up new fields in the construction. The silk as a building material that can mend itself or biodegrade by design. Nature does things better than we do. What surrounds we become adaptable and interactive. It can be self healing and reconfigurable.

reinforce the skin cells by combining it with spider silk. It can stop a speeding projectile without being perced. Her project began as a bio-art project questioning the link between biotechnology and people in order to explore the social, cultural and political repercussions caused by new biotechnologies. Finally this project combining skin cells and spider-silk has proved to be a real interest for biotechnology thanks the result of the combination. Today whereas the commercial application could be obvious the artist is going further to think about a collective fantasy, the human skin bulletproof : «Why not put in literally under our skin».So this is the conversation that generates the project which becomes attractive.

Which brings me to speak of the possible applications of silk in the field of biomedical and surgery. The skin cells combines themselves perfectly with the arachnid silk, unlike the use of the silk worm, there is no rejection and arachnid silk is more resistant. Also the formation of silk fiber is not based on complex or toxic chemistries, but is organic and environmentally friendly, and mostly the spider silk can integrate living systems and improve them.

In this same quest of biotechnology the artist Jalila Essaïdi in collaboration with Abdelouahab El Ghalbzouri, a scientist has created a futuristic tissue like a second skin, which

Textiel silk and luxury industy

Silk Pavilion - MIT Media LAB.

Bullet proof skin : Bio-art project - Jallilla Essaïdi (scientist research with the Dc Abdelouahab El Ghalbzouri).

When th High Silk Technology exceeds all expectations to open up the field of bio-medical and surgery possibilities.

The main innovations and applications of the high tech silk in bio-medical are mostly thanks to bio-medical engineers, David Kaplan and Fiorenzo Omenetto. Their recent innovation include high-strength scaffolds to improve bone repair, and bio-compatible electronic devices that could dissolve harmlessly in the body or into their surroundings.

As the Jalila’s Essaidi Bio-art project highlights it, the silk can be a perfect alternative in the reconstructive surgery (bones, skin, ligaments, heart tissue).

Today there is classic transplantation involving the harvest of nerve segments from another part of the patient’s body, but it created deficits at patients and is sometimes impossible due to too much injury. This grafting may be replaced by an equivalent artificial such as silicon or polyethylene, but it would result to long term complications due to toxicity. It was then that artificial grafts made from spider-silk make sense. This material being more bioresorbable presents a promising alternative.

1. Silk implant 2. Silk implant placed in the brain of laboratory rat in order to reduce the progression of epilepsy.

Also this researchers have discovered that genetically engineered spider silk improve gene therapy. The gene therapy is the treatment of certain disorders, especially those caused by genetic anomalies or deficiencies, by introducing specific engineered genes into a patient’s cells.

Genetically engineered spider silk could help overcome a major barrier to the use of gene therapy in everyday medicine. The lack of good gene delivery systems is a main reason why there are no FDA-approved gene therapies, despite almost 1,500 clinical trials since 1989.

They modified spider silk proteins so that the proteins were able to attach to cancer cells, and they used mice containing human breast-cancer cells. The spider-silk proteins attached to the cancer cells and transported the DNA material into the cells without harming the mice. To provide a visual signal that the gene reached its intended target, they also engineered the spider silk to contain a gene that codes for the protein that makes fireflies glow.

The results suggest that the genetically engineered spidersilk proteins represent “a versatile and useful new platform polymer for non viral gene delivery” the researchers said.

Reconstructive surgey based on spider silk.

More, the spider-silk suggests a happy ending in the struggle of some disease.

A group of researchers at Oregon Health and Sciences University (OHSU) and Tufts University have developed silk implants that they have placed in the brain of laboratory rats in order to reduce the progression of epilepsy. These silky brain implants are designed to release adenosine (ADO), a specific chemical compound which has been shown to play an important part in fight against epilepsy.

Epilepsy is currently the third most common neurological disorder that affects nearly 50 million people worldwide. It is connected with recurring seizures that tend to become more frequent and severe over time. It has been shown that ADO decreases neuronal excitability and helps stop seizures. Also, previous studies suggested that abnormally low levels of ADO may be linked to epilepsy.

The findings show that the implants are safe to use in rats and suggest that they may one day be used in the clinic.

Adenosine-releasing silk is a biodegradable implant. The release of adenosine occurs for 10 days and then the silk will completely dissolve. Clinical applications could be the prevention of epilepsy following head trauma or the prevention of seizures that often — in about 50 percent of patients — follow conventional epilepsy surgery. In this case, adenosine-releasing silk might be placed into the resection cavity in order to prevent future seizures.

Equally among discoveries about silk, the most recent silk start-up, Vaxess Technologies, is exploring silk-based solutions for vaccine thermostabilization and storage.

The company aims to create vaccines that can be stored and shipped around the world without refrigeration. Upon delivery to the health care provider, the silk-stabilized vaccine would be reconstituted and administered to the patient in the traditional manner.

Gene therapy progression against human breast-cancer cells.

72

What future for the Silk Technology ? The 21st century will it be the age of biotechnology thanks to the silk ?

When you start to bring concepts about silk together, the prospective innovations are boundless !

One reason silk can be used for so many different applications is because so many different kinds of silk exist in nature. If researchers want a dry silk that will withstand high temperatures, for example, they can study spiders that live in the desert; if they want a microbe, mold and mildewresistant one, on the other hand, they could turn to spiders that live in the tropical rainforest.

This discoveries in surgery, biomedical about spider silk are fascinating but for the moment not tested on man. So, we have ideas of the possibles applications of silk but finally little certainty.

Of course he silk has many other important applications in other domains than the bio-medical field. The silk could lead to significant advances in photonics and optics. But also the spider-silk could have applications in nanotechnologies, in cosmetics, and especially in electronic with the innovating

spider silk genes to date.

But other researchers have recreated with success transgenic spider-silk, the Nexia Biotechnologies for example combining spiders with goats. I mean, some researchers have figured out a way to put the spider’s silk-making genes into goats. So what they have done is they have actually cloned the genes for the protein that makes up every one of the spider silks. They have put those silk genes in goats, in a way that they only make the protein in their milk. «When the goats have kids, and they start lactating, we collect the milk, and we can purify that spider silk protein in much, much higher quantities» says researchers. «We had three sets of twins and one single.

We’ve done the blood tests on them, so we know that three of them do have the silk gene, and four of them do not.

There are only so many copies of the gene, so it’s like any other genetic factor, a certain percentage is going to get it, and some of them aren’t» they explains.

The researches still have to improve before achieving the perfect creation of a transgenic spider-silk. But by looking further maybe larger quantities of the silk might someday be produced if the silk genes can be introduced into plants.

So, we could harvest spider-silk as the same way than the cotton today!

Silk Spiders

degradable and flexible electronic screens...

Can you imagine walking around with your big screen computer or tour TV screen under your arm rolled up like a sheet? Do you imagine have a self regenerating skin or ultra resistant? Do you imagine consider the cancer as a harmless flu? All this belongs to the future and silk would be the material of the future!

And later, maybe it will be possible to add substances that change color to give warning when they’re exposed to certain microbes, for example. Surgeons could implant a silk sensor during operations, leaving it to monitor for signs of infection for several months before gradually dissolving into the body. Moreover this idea make me think of an innovative actual design, the edible optical sensor(read the article onto for information onto the subject).

The potential is nearly limitless! Now that you know more on the spider-silk subject, let go of your fantasy and imagine yourself what it could be thanks to the spider silk in a close real life...

However the spider-silk has some limits. The arachnid silk is not an inexhaustible resource. More, spiders are territorial predators that are hard to farm to produce its silk. The silk used for fabrics is harvested from silkworms because they are friendly and thousands of them can live together happily. Unlike silkworms, spiders are not so friendly and they tend to eat one another. Furthermore, spider farming is costly because it takes around 400 spiders to produce 0.85 square meters of spider silk cloth.

Now, the question is, Can we create transgenic/artificial spider-silk with the same qualities ?

Spider silks have complex molecular structure, so it is hard to create artificial spider silk genes. However, researchers at Spiber managed to solve this problem by building their own system of Gene Synthesis which is able to synthesize any fibroin-gene within 3 working days. They have developed a library of more than 250 types of artificial

Study on spider silk structures

Transgenic spider silk thanks goats !

Floriane for LABBIES

74

TECHNOLOGY IN DAILY LIF

How to create alcohol myself How to develop silver photographies myself (for later, improvise a darkro maybe at DAE ...)

FE

oom at home or

L B A 76

How make cheap alcohol at my home without tech equipments I want to understand how obtain alcohol thanks fermentation process.

1 - For this I decided to begin by making apple ciders.

I need to find the right mix and right dosage. Also I have to experiment to find the term and the area in my home for a perfect fermentation.

2 - Then I want to know how I can improve a basic alcohol, how to flavor alcohol. So I will create my bitters.

3 - The aim of this experimentations is to understand processus of alcohol fabrication in order to distill my own alcohol later(I have not enought time to develop this step during Lab kompass). I will distill only from water, yeast and sugar, to obtain a cheap but pure alcohol. The second step will be to flavor it thanks to my Bitters creation. > How does work the fermentation processus ?

When natural or chemical yeast comes into contact with sugar and water, the process of fermentation begin. This is the fermentation that created alcohol. But to create alcohol there are parameters to improve in this processus of fermentation(term/ligh/dosage). This parameters lead the alcohol contents.

For exemple for apple cider the fermentation is created when natural yeast contents in crushed seed apple and brushed skin comes into contact with sugar of apple juice and sugar added. > FIRST PARAMETERS : all stuffs used to made apple cider have to disinfect. Because bad bacteria can stop the fermentation processus. During fermentation the mixture have to be in area without ligh, because light could kill good bacteria in bottle and modify the final taste and final alcohol contents.

Apple Cider : the processus #1

#2

16/10

22/11

3L of apple juice 50g of sugar 1 sachet of 11g biologic yeast bread 2 crushed apples with skin and seeds.

2L of apple juice 1 glass of water 1 glass of sugar 7g of chemical yeast (1 packed at ah) 2 crushed apples with skin and seeds.

1 - Add apples, juice, sugar, yeast, some water in one big container, mix and after put in bottles.

1 - Add apples, juice, sugar, yeast, water in one big container, mix and after put in bottles.

2 - Air lock ballon > fermentation during 4 days > in warm area without light.

The warm has accelarated the fermentation > Bad taste and alcohol contents because fermentation too quickly and not prograssive.

2 - Air lock ballon > fermentation during 7 days > in area at ambiant temperature (21degrees) without light.

3 - Filtered with filter cofee and put in new bottles > too slow system.

3 - First filtered with compresses and put in new bottles > this filter system lets through too many small pieces of apple and yeast. Then filtered with cloth that I compressed and put in bottles > Good !

4 - Amer and acid taste > add 1t.s of sugar.

4 - Not adding of sugar

5 - Repose in the open air in a closet > FAILED > the fermentation has continuated, there have been a second fermentation > the taste is too strong, the alcohol contents is too hight, and there is a taste of rotten apple.

5 - Cider put in the fridge during 3 days > the fermentation is stopped.

The taste is pleasant but not enought sweet, so a bit of acidity. The smell is strong. The alcohol contents is very good.

To stop fermentation > After filtration and adding sugar to the taste(if it is required) put immediately the cider in the fridge.

78

Progression / transformation : 1st day Put in bottle and air lock system.

The Air lock is very important. The transformation into alcohol results to generate carbon gas. This gas has to go out of the

#3

07/12 > work in progress 2L of apple juice 1 glass of water 1 glass of sugar 7g of chemical yeast (1 packed at ah) 3 crushed apples with skin and seeds.

1 - Add apples, juice, sugar, yeast, water in one big container, mix and after put in bottles.

2 - Air lock ballon > the cider is still in fermentation to be good for the 19th december in an area at ambiant temperature (21degrees) without light.

3 - I will filter with cloth and I will put in new bottles.

4 - Tasting > not hesitated to add sugar.

5 - I will put cider in fridge to stop fermentation during 3 days. After I will conserve cider not in fridge but in freshed open air area.

bottle but the outside air doesn’t has to go in bottle. So with my cheap system of Air lock, the carbon gas is stocked in the balloon.

80

The fermentation works when we can see bubbles of the carbon gas escape itself.

Progression / transformation : 3nd day There is different quantities of carbon gas that escape of bottle > Because of in each bottle there is different quantites of yeast and sugar because of an unequal repartition during the first bottling.

To have the same bottle of cider at the end, I need of a big jerrycan(3L) to put in directly my first mix and only after fermentation and filtration put cider in bottles.

Progression / transformation : 5th day The fermentation will soon stop. Because balloon stop to blow. Maybe it will stop the 6th day. The 6th day I will need to monitor cider closely. As soon as the balloun will fall and deflate, I will have to filtered the mixture, bottling, and

stop the fermentation by put ciders in fridge.

There will be small bubbles of carbon gas up to that the fermentation stop in the fridge. Consequently the term depending of dosage.

82

Bitters #1 and #2 (mix together)

Bitters #3

How treat alcohol at home : Bitters creation (a digestive or cocktail flavoring) #1

#2

16/10

22/11

1/3 bowl of alcool of your choice(pure alcohol, rhum etc) 3 big pieces of orange skin licorice lime juice jasmine green tea kardamon ginger

/2 bowl of alcool of your choice(pure alcohol, rhum etc) 3 pieces of orange and lime skin licorice 1/5 lime juice 1 big spoon jasmine green tea kardamon ginger 5 drops of Angelic and Gentiane / 4 drops of Kardamon 2t.s of fresh peeled ginger

1 - Mix all ingredients with alcohol and put in close container.

1 - Mix all ingredients with alcohol and put in close container.

2 - Shake up once a day during 14 days > maceration time.

2 - Shake up once a day during 14 days > maceration time.

3 - Filtration > Recover the alcohol and the put aside in a container.

To boil aromatics in one bowl of water + add one big spoon of sugar > Let cool > Let rest in the close container during one week.

3 - Filtration > Recover the alcohol > added to #1 Bitterr. To boil aromatics in one bowl of water + add one big spoon of sugar > Let cool > Let rest in the close container during one week.

4 - Filtered again aromatics > keep liquid exctrat and throw aromatic residuals.

4 - Filtered again aromatics > keep liquid exctrat and throw aromatic residuals.

5 - Assemble alcohol and extract > shake up.

5 - Adding of extract in #1 bitter > shake up.

> Strong smell of perfume ! > Low alcohol content. > Next time add Angelic & Gentian aromatic to attenuate the impression of perfume.

> #1 has really improve > Good alcohol content > good taste, good smell.

#3

28/11 1/4 bowl of alcool of your choice(pure alcohol, rhum etc) 10 pieces of lime skin 1t.s licorice 10 drops of Gentian & Angelic 1t.s jasmine green tea 1t.s kardamon

3 - Filtration > Recover the alcohol and the put aside in a container.

To boil aromatics in one bowl of water + add one big spoon of sugar > Let cool > Let rest in the close container during one week.

1 - Mix all ingredients with alcohol and put in close container.

5 - Assemble alcohol and extract > shake up.

4 - Filtered again aromatics > keep liquid exctrat and throw aromatic residuals.

> Other taste more spicy, less sweet > very good harmony with rhum.

Good smell and don’t smell perfume alcohol but smell bitters !

2 - Shake up once a day during 14 days > maceration time.

84

> keep the light bulb on for 10 seconds, this should result in a medium and fair exposure.

- An enlarger (an optical instrument for making enlarged photographic prints in which a negative is brightly illuminated and its enlarged image is focused onto a sheet of sensitized paper).

> Place the negative in the carrier, then put the carrier in the enlarger. Set the lens of the enlarger at f/11 and expose for 8 second. You have to be careful when adjusting the height of the enlarger, so as to occupy corectly the tiny piece of paper with the image.

- Before exposing the paper sheet, prepare the paper-processing solutions / paper developer / stop bath and fixer. It is possible to use the same stop bath and fixer that is used to process film rolls but just that is important to mix them correctly. Just read the instructions that come with chemicals : most fxers require a 1/3 dilution for film processign and a 1/7 dilution for paper.

Follow the instruction of the bottle to store and dispose the used chemicals.

- Before star prepare the chemicals in their trays, arranged from left to right, and label them in order of use : developer, stop bath, fixer, and wash.

- All solutions and water have to stay between 18degrees and 21degrees.

- Keep hands clean and dry, since you have to handle both film and photo paper.

- Except for the safelight, which shoul be at least 4 feet from the paper, all other lights in the room must be turned off.

- Always rememver to reseal the package of photo paper after taking out a sheet : the other sheets must not be exposed to light.

- The strip of negative has to be placed so that the emulsion side faces the emulsion side of the paper.

- In order to be perfectly horizontal, the paper should be covered with a glass layer.

Silver development at my home Because primitive technologies is also very interesting, magic, surprising. And maybe I will can transform primitive technologies and develop more actual system from the studying of his primitive technologies.

This project is still work in progress but the desire to develop and work in this project is came thanks Lab Kompass. to imagine cheap alternatives of expensive techologies.

The aim is to develop technical solution in order to design a darkroom. So to begin, I organize materials, products, equipments that we will need in a kind user guide, and I focus me on parameters to making a proof sheet.

Later I will try to find cheap alternatives of expensive technologies for a darkroom and make plans of a darkroom with all equipments to suggest it at DAE or install it in a studio at Eindhoven for students.

User guide Usually, when a photographer finds a good scene, he trakes more than one shot of that scene in order to be sure that he will at least get that one perfectly frame. He then will need to find and select the best frame frpom that series of shots before printings. That is where a proof sheet comes in handy.

A proof sheet is a positive printed representation of the shots on the negative, the images have exactly the same size as on the negative, wich allows a photographer a better perception of each shot in that roll.

To make a proof sheet we will need the following : - A frame between two layers of windows glass and a 7 watt light bulb in order to expose paper, keeping the distance between the paper and the frame constant.

> the dimensionsm, as we will later, is really important when dealing with the temperatures

> while the dimensions can be variable, the temperature must be precise because it will affect the final result drastically.

86

Exposing strips are similar to proof shhets, with 2 differences : The dimensions and their goal > Exposing strips are not made to select the best frame > It is purpose is so you can choose the right exposure time and contrast of the already selected frame.

So what are exposing strips ?

Exposing strips ae 1-2 inch-wide strips of photo paper, cut from a larger sheet of paper, that has the same dimensions of the picture we want as a final result. Like proof sheets, they are purpose is to be cost-effective : it is better to waste small strips make it possible to really check the focus of the shot.

Because some of the steps in making exposure strips are the base for the Enlarging process and making the final print, these two have been combined here.

1 - Hold the negative by the edges and remove dust. Put the negative in the correct film carrier, making sure that the emulsion side is facing down at the area where you will put the papaer later on. Put a scrap sheet of paper at first, using it as a guide.

2 - Turn on the enlarger light set the widest aperture in the lens mount. Raise the enlarger head (where there is the negative) with the easel guides, in order to ajust the size and the compositions of the image.

3 - Adjst the focus controlin the lens mount : choose the sharpest setting. Then set the lens aperture to f/8 and then turn off the enlarger light.

4 - Be sure that only the safelight is on. Take your strips of photo paper and place one of them in the easel, closing it, you will need only one paper strips for each finl picture you are going to print. Put the strip in a position in line to the important part of image, so that you will have a good sampling for testing and comparing the correct exposition. Hold the paper strip with some masking tape.

5 - Have a heavy cardboard, which is going to be sequentially moved, ready in order to create a series of different areas of the strips, with different time exposure. Now you are ready to turn on the enlarger light :

Make a 5-second exposure of the whole strip, then cover one fifth with the heavy carboard, then exposure for 2 seconds, cover another fifth, expose for 3 seconds, cover another fifth, expose for 4 seconds, cover another fifth and expose for 6 seconds, cover another fifth.

When you are done, turn off the enlarger light. The final strip will look like this.

6 - With only the safeligh on, process the strip as described in the next paragraph. Try to compare the 5 areas of strips (using the room light, not the safelight), to select the best exposure and contrast for the final print. Remember that these two parameters are equally important !

Final Processing 1 - Take the exposed paper from the enlarger easel. Immerse the sheet completely in the developer emulsion, with the emulsion side down. Then turn the paper over and agitate gently, during the development time (this should be more or less 1 minute, but check the instructions on the botle).

2 - Take out the paper from the developer and let the sheet drain for 5 seconds. Immerse it in the stop-bath solution for at least 10 seconds, agitating.

3 - Remove the paper from the stop bath and drain it for 2 seconds. Immerse it in the fixer. Agitate frequently for 2 minutes. You can turn on the room light after 3o seconds.

4 - Wash your print for 4 minutes with running water, at a temperature between 10 an 30degrees. Avoid over washing.

5 - Remove the excess of water from the sheet of paper using a viscose sponge. Let the sheet dry on a flat surface naturelly.

88

LIFE AFTER LAB Time to questionning myself about Lab

L B A 90

What did you learn in Lab2 and how do you think you can employ this in the continuation of your study?

Did Lab contribute towards your development as a designer?

I learned in Lab 2 to organize my thinking and my development, mostly thanks to the process book and the labbies platform. My project on the edible material has required a lot of experimentations and researchs. There have been failed, or succesful experimentations that I learned to organize them and after utilize again or not them.

Also I learned to resolve problem with technical solutions.

I learned to follow technical solutions without limits and not just thinking that certain technologies are not feasible because sharp or too expensive. It is possible to develop technological and accessible solutions.

Also I was able to familiarize myself with virtual platform sharing, or social platform. Have a blog, contact professional, show my works.

Today I think this platforms are very importants mostly for the life after as a designer in working life in order to maintain collaboration relationships, to make oneself know, or make know projects, or just looking for job.

Also sometimes this is difficult to show works and projects because of a lack of self confidence maybe, and I think website or sharing platforms require to show works and projects, require to defend, argue and to love it. I think that is an important thing for a designer.

I wanted create a project by thinking process and technology before to think final product and final use.Trying to design a new material, these are technical parameters that lead final product (shape, effect, use).

For my development as a designer I want to continu to thinking technology during the processus of creation and not only at the end to finalize a project.

Can you give an example of how you can use Lab-mentality in your design assignments?

In well being I work again on the creation of a material for a project. The topic is «bioplastic». Starting from my research in Lab I decided to develop declinations of my material made from algae, and create an alternative of bioplastic in our daily life at home. I will create wall covering or floor covering. But when I began this project I had not idea of the use of the final product, because these are research and technological experimentations that have developed interesting properties for wall covering uses.

More the Lab-mentality has influenced me in my daily-life. I practised silver photography during few years and I was created an temporary darkroom at my home in France to develop my photos. But when I am arrived here I gave up it lack of means, money and place. But over time in Lab Kompass I though that it will be possible to thinking a cheap way to develop myself photographies, I mean technical alternatives by experimenting with products, light and maybe tinker an enlarger.

To resume the lab mentality allows me to imagine cheap alternatives of expensive techologies.

Unfortunately I had this awareness too late and I didn’t have time to develop more this project to present it in Lab Kompass.

As far as that goes, the alcohol creation and the questions about how create alcohol, what is the process, was for me a subject of curiosity but I never took the time to really think about it up to now, thanks Lab-mentality !

Judge your results in this trimester (use insufficient-sufficiant-good) and give convincing/clinching arguments.

I will give two judgments.

First a general judgment that is «good». Because the work in Lab Kompass allows me to develop an automatism,

Life after Lab ...

this «mentality»(previously developed), that brings me to interest me more at things and its technologies in order to understand them, reproduce them and maybe later surpass them. The examples are developed in the previous question with the realization of personal project such as «alcohol project» or «darkroom project» or with the development of well being project when I give such a prominent place at the technology of project and at other parameters.

The second more precise judgement is «sufficiant» because with Labbies we are develop together topics, and I think the work in group is important and we have gave us each other help and inspiration.

More I worked a lot on the material development even if unfortunately I would have needed more time to improve it again because not having planned the inconvenience and the failed implementation. So I can’t give the «good judgement» because the edible topic was the main important project of Lab for me and the final product is not as good as what I had hopped.

However I have tried to create something new with a material made from algae whereas algae are not considered and not yet really exploited, while I am sure that they can be a fabulous natural resource... I had not just reproduce an existing technical development but try to produce and improve a new technical and natural material. So even if the final result have need still more development to be really good, finally I think that my results are sufficiant.

Over the time in lab the aim was not the final product but to focus on development in search of innovation !

Name your best project in this trimester and do the same with your worst project.

My best project is the new edible material for the reason mentioned in 4th question. I have not try to reproduce an existing technical development but to think a new development.

This project is a very actual project because it is new sustainable(and edible) material for dishes that could be later relevant for other utilisation.

We can buy this dishes, conserve it, use it for picnics, garden parties or just for meals with a lot of guests and eat it or just throw it in garden soil and in this case there will be no wastes and no waste of time. Dishes are cheap thanks to the recovery of excess algaes on Brittany sides. Also it is the project on which I liked most work.

My worst project is the mapping of academy with the «reconstruction» of it on Minecraft. At the beginning I don’t really understand considering Minecraft only as a game. I didn’t can progress in without be killed by zombies or other munsters(I have never been good for video games) ! But finally this medium is a great tool which could serve me to illustrate a reconstruction project completely free of all constraints(bearing walls, foundation etc).

So I regret not having devote more time to create a free DAE. Instead of it during two days I built the outside envelop with bearing walls etc... Consequently my DAE project is not funny. In fact I should have adapted more quickly to the Minecraft tool which was given to use.

If you could do Lab again would you go about it in a different way? Can you explain this?

If I could do Lab again I will not go in different way because I liked topics and project on which I worked but I will continue projects that can be still improve and developed to be better. Also maybe I will organize better my time to work on different pojects.

Or maybe I would like to work on a new topic, the interactive books that could be very interesting.

92

L B A

#2

A designer is indispensably a technological man but he stays always a creative...

94