I am malala (georgian edition)

pirveli nawili Talibanis mosvlamde

me mirCevnia, brZolis velidan Seni tyviebiT dacxriluli sxeuli momitanon, vidre gavigo, rom Turme ilaCre. puStunTa tradiciuli leqsi

1 qaliSvilis dabadeba

m

e rom davibade, Cveni Tanasoflelebi dedas usamZim­ rebdnen, mamisTvis ki ojaxSi qaliSvilis Semomateba aravis miulocavs. qveynierebas gamTeniisas movevline, caze ukanaskneli varskvlavi rom Caqra, swored maSin. Cven, puS­ tunebs, gvjera, rom es kargis niSania. mamaCems saavadmyofos an bebiaqalisTvis gadasaxdeli fuli ar hqonda, amitom de­­daCems mSobiarobisas mezoblis qali exmareboda. Cemi mSoblebis pirveli Svili mkvdari daibada, me ki yovelgvari gar­­­­­­­Tulebis gareSe gavCndi – fexebis qneviTa da tiriliT. Cems qveyanaSi vaJis dabadebas Tofis gasroliT aRniSnaven, gogonebs ki fardis miRma malaven. Cvens realobaSi maTi da­­ niSnuleba xom mxolod sadilis momzadebiTa da bavSvebis gaCeniT Semoifargleba. puStunTa umravlesobisTvis qaliSvilis dabadeba sam­ wuxaro movlenaa. mamaCemis biZaSvili jehan Ser xan iusafzai erTaderTi iyo im mcirericxovan naTesavTa Soris, romel­ mac ma­­­­maCems qaliSvilis SeZena miuloca da am movlenis aR­­ sa­niSnavad ojaxs soliduri Tanxac aCuqa. Tumca jehanma, saCuqris garda, mamaCems Cveni sagvareulos, daloxeli iusafzaebis, genealogiuri xis naxatic moutana, romelic 21

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Cemi didi babuis mamidan iwyeboda da mxolod Cveni gvaris mamakacebi moixseniebodnen. mamaCemi, ziaudini, sxva puS­­ tun kacebs ar hgavs. man Cveni sagvareulo xis naxati aiRo, Ta­visi saxelis qveS joxiani kanfetis msgavsi raRac Ca­­xata da wreSi Cawera „malala“. misi saqcieliT gaognebul bi­­Za­ Svils sicili waskda, mamaCems ki es sulac ar adardebda. is yo­­­­velTvis meubneba, rom imwamsve Sevuyvardi, roca axal­So­­­ bils pirvelad Camxeda TvalebSi. xalxsac imaves umeorebs: Tavidanve vgrZnobdi, rom am bavSvSi raRac gansakuT­r­­e­ buli imaleboda. megobrebs ki sTxovda, Cems akvanSi Ci­­ri, tkbileuli da xurda fuli CaeyaraT, rasac, rogorc we­­­si, mxolod vaJebisTvis akeTeben. saxeli malala, avRaneli gmiri qalis, malalai maivan­ delis, pativsacemad damarqves. puStunebi pakistansa da avRaneTSi gabneuli amayi xalxi varT. Cven dRemde imave we­­sebiT vcxovrobT, romlebiTac saukuneebis win Cveni wi­­­­ naprebi xelmZRvanelobdnen. am wesebis erTgvar ko­deqss puStunvali ewodeba da is gvavaldebulebs stumarTmoyva­ reoba gamoviCinoT nebismieri stumris mimarT. umTavres Rirebulebad ki „nangi“, anu Rirsebis Se­­­narCuneba iTvleba. yvelaze cudi ram, rac puStuns Se­iZleba SeemTxves, saxe­ lis gatexaa. puStuni kacebisTvis sir­­cxvili yvelaze didi sasjelia. CvenSi amboben, Rirsebis gareSe am samyaros fasi ara aqvso. ise gametebiT vmtrobT da vebrZviT erTmaneTs, rom Cvens enaSi sityva biZaSvili – tarbur – mtris sinoni­ mia. Tumca, amis miuxedavad, yovelTvis mxarSi vudgavarT erTmaneTs im gare Zalebis winaaRmdeg, romlebsac Cveni miwebis dapyroba surs. puStuni bavSvebi pataraobidanve ismenen malalai maivandelis gmirobis ambavs: Tu rogor STaagona man avRanelTa armia 1880 wels britanelebis wi­ naaRmdeg gaCaRebuli brZolis dros da rogor moipova avRaneTma gamarjveba meore anglo-avRanuri omis am erTerT umTavres SetakebaSi. 22

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malalai yandaaris dasavleTiT mdebare mtvrian dab­ lobze gaSenebul patara daba maivandSi mcxovrebi erTi ubralo mecxvaris qaliSvili iyo. misi siymawvilis wlebSi mamamisi da is kaci, romelsac colad unda gahyo­loda, im mraval aTas avRanels Soris iyvnen, romlebic bri­­ ta­­neli dampyroblebis winaaRmdeg ibrZodnen. malalai, sxva Tanasoflel qalebTan erTad, brZolis velze wavida daSavebulTa dasaxmareblad da mebrZolTaTvis wylis mi­ sawodeblad, magram dainaxa Tu ara, rom avRanelebi mar­ cxdebodnen, erTi wamiTac ar Sedrka; medroSe rom waiqca, Tavidan TeTri TavSali moiZro, haerSi aafriala da brZo­ lis velze SeWrili meomrebs win gauZRva. – axalgazrdebo! – SesZaxa man, – Tuki dRes maivandisTvis brZolaSi Tavs ar gaswiravT, maSin Tavad RmerTia mowame, sircxvilnaWamTa saxeli arc erTs ar agcdebaT! malalai brZolis velze daiRupa, magram misma sit­yvebma meomrebs imgvari mxneoba Semata, rom maT brZolis mosalod­­ neli Sedegis Secvla SeZles da mTeli britanuli armia miwasTan gaaswores – es iyo britanuli armiis istoriaSi erT-erTi yvelaze samarcxvino marcxi. xalxi siamayiT aavso am gamarjvebam. avRaneTis ukanasknelma mefem ki qabulis centrSi maivandis gamarjvebisadmi miZRvnili monumentis ageba brZana. skolaSi swavlis dros Serlok holmsis istoriebs vkiTxulobdi da gulianad gamecina, rodesac aRmovaCine, rom Turme eqimi uotsoni, sanam didi deteqtivis TanaSemwe gaxdeboda, swored im zemoT xsenebul brZolaSi daiWra. CvenTvis, puStunebisTvis, malalai erTgvari Jana d’arkia. avRaneTSi gogonaTa bevr skolas swored misi saxe­­li hqvia. babuaCems ki, religiaTmcodnesa da Cveni soflis sasuliero pirs, didad ar moewona, rodesac mamaCemma malala damarqva da mxolod es Tqva, sevdiani saxelia, „dar­dians“ niSnavso.

CvilobaSi mama xSirad mimReroda cnobili feSavareli 23

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poetis, rahmat Sah sailis leqsze daweril simReras, rom­ lis bolo strofic ase mTavrdeba: „o, maivandelo malalai, aRsdeqi isev, rom puStunma xalxma kidev erTxel moisminos pativisa da Rirsebis diadi simRera.

Seni poeturi sityvebi Tavdayira ayenebs am samyaros, gevedrebi, aRsdeq!“

mama Cvens saxlSi mosul TiToeul stumars acnobda ma­ lalais gmirobis istorias. am ambebisa da misi simRerebis mosmena mec Zalian miyvarda. sxvisi piriT warmoTqmuli Cemi saxeli macocxlebeli niaviviT elamuneboda Cems smenas.

Cven msoflios ulamazes adgilas vcxovrobdiT. Cve­­­ni mxare, svatis xeoba, mTebis, moTqriale CanCqerebisa da ankarawyliani tbebis zeciur samefos hgavs, romlis saz­ RvarTan aseT warwerasac ki mohkravT Tvals: „keTili iyos Tqveni mobrZaneba samoTxeSi“. Zvel droSi svatis xeobas „udianas“, anu baRnars uwodebdnen, radgan es miwa veluri yvavilebiT savse mdeloebiT, ugemrielesi xiliT daxunZluli xexilis baRebiT, zurmuxtis maRaro­ebiTa da kalmaxiT savse tbebiT iyo saxelganTqmuli. xalxi svats xSirad aRmosavleTis Sveicariasac ki uwodebs – pakis­ tanis pirveli saTxilamuro kurortic swored aq gaixsna. mdidari pakistanelebi xSirad stumrobdnen Cvens mxares sufTa haeris, lamazi bunebisa da aq gamarTuli sufistu­ri musikisa da cekvis festivalebis gamo. adgilob­ri­vebis garda, bevri ucxoelic Camodioda, romlebsac ma­­Ti erovnebis miuxedavad, „angrezanebs“, anu ingliselebs vu­ wodebdiT. erTxel TviT inglisis dedofalic ki estumra Cvens mxares da im TeTr sasaxleSi dabinavda, romelic ise­ Tive marmariloTia agebuli, rogoriTac taj-mahali. am 24

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sasaxlis aRmSeneblad Cveni mefe, svatis pirveli vali, anu mmarTveli iwodeba.

Cven gansakuTrebuli istoriuli warsuli gvaqvs. dRes svati xaiber-paxtunxvas (SemoklebiT xpx-is, rogorc bevri pakistaneli ambobs) provinciis nawilia, Tumca ad­re is pakistans ar ekuTvnoda. iyo dro, roca Cveni mezobeli Citralisa da diris miwebTan erTad pakistanis savasa­ lod viwodebodiT. koloniuri mmarTvelobis dros Cveni mefeebi loialurad iyvnen ganwyobilni britanelebis mi­­­­marT, mag­ram sakuTar savasaloebs maTi Carevis gareSe marTavdnen. 1947 wels, rodesac britaneTma indoeTs da­ moukidebloba mianiWa da daanawevra, Cveni mxare axlad Seqmnil pakistanis saxelmwifos SeuerTda, Tumca avtono­ miuroba ar daukargavs. Cven pakistanur rupias viyeneb­ diT, magram am qveynis mTavrobas SeeZlo mxo­lod sagareo politikis kuTxiT Ca­reuliyo Cveni mxaris saqmeebSi. „vali“ aRasrulebda marTlmsajulebas, uzrunvelyofda meo­ mar tomebs Soris mSvi­dobis SenarCunebas da agrovebda „uSurs“ – gadasaxads, ro­­­melic Semosavlis 10 procents gulisxmobda. am TanxiT agebdnen gzebs da aSenebdnen axal saavadmyofoebsa da skolebs.

Cvens mxares pakistanis dedaqalaq islamabadamde mxo­ lod asi kilometri aSorebs. geografiulad TiTqos erT­ maneTis yuris ZirSi varT, magram ise vcxovrobT, gegoneba, sxvadasxva qveyanaSi viyoT. am askilometriani monakveTis dafarvas malakandis uReltexilis gavliT xuTi saaTi sWir­ deba. malakandis uReltexili mTebis uzarmazar Was hgavs, sadac Zalian didi xnis win mqadagebeli, mula saidu­­la (bri­ tanelebisTvis cnobili, rogorc mad fakiri), am kldovan mwvervalebs Soris miuZRoda Cvens winaprebs britanelebis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi. maT Soris iyo uinston CerCilic, romelmac am movlenas wignic miuZRvna, Cven ki erT-erT mwvervals misi saxeli SevarqviT da dRemde „CerCilis sagu­ 25

me var malala

Sagos“ vuwodebT, imis miuxedavad, rom is Cveni xalxis mimarT gadametebuli keTilganwyobiT arasdros gamoirCeoda. uReltexilis bolos mwvanegumbaTiani samlocvelo dgas, sadac mogzaurebi xurda fuls yrian da RmerTs madlobas swiraven am saxifaTo gzis uvneblad dasrulebisTvis.

Cems nacnobebSi aravin meguleba, vinc erTxel mainc yo­­­ fila islamabadSi. areulobis dawyebamde Cveni Ta­na­me­ma­ muleebis umravlesobas, dedaCemis msgavsad, arasdros da­­­­­­­­­­utovebia svatis sazRvrebi.

Cven mingoraSi vcxovrobdiT, mxaris udides da, faqtob­ rivad, erTaderT qalaqSi. adre mingorac momcro daba iyo, magram mas Semdeg, rac aq uamravi xal­­xi Camosaxlda axlom­ debare soflebidan, qalaqi ga­izar­­da da gaci­lebiT mtvri­ ani da xalxmravali gaxda. aq sas­­tumroebic aris, saswavlo dawesebulebebic, golfis saTamaSo mindo­rica da cnobili bazaric, sadac Cvenebur tradiciul na­qar­­­gobas, Zvirfas qvebsa da, SeiZleba iTqvas, rasac ginda, yvelafers iyidi. bazris SuagulSi mdinare marRazari Camoedineba. mdinaris wyals sufTa namdvilad ar eTqmis. Sig plastmasis boTlebsa da nagavs yrian, ris gamoc rZiani yavis feri ufro aqvs da saerTodac ar hgavs qalaqTan axlos Camomaval mdinare svats, romelSic kalmaxze Tevzaoben da damsveneblebi banaoben. Cveni saxli „gulqadaSi“, anu yvavilnarSi idga, magram mas „butkaras“, anu budisturi qan­­dakebebis dasaxle­ bas uwodebdnen. Cvens saxlTan axlos idumalebiT moculi nangrevebiT savse didi mindori iyo. ras aRar naxavdiT aq: ukana fexebze Semdgari lomebis qan­dakebebs, damsxvreul svetebs, uTavo figurebs da, rac yve­­laze ucnauri iyo, asobiT qvis qolgas.

Cvens mxareSi islami meTerTmete saukuneSi gavrcelda, rodesac avRaneTidan mahmud Raznevi SemoiWra da Cveni mmarTveli gaxda, Tumca uZveles dros svati budisturi samefo iyo. budistebi aq meore saukuneSi Camovidnen da 26

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maTi mefeebi xuT saukuneze metxans marTavdnen am miwebs.

Cineli mkvlevrebi werdnen, rom mdinare svatis napirebTan 1400-mde budisturi monasteri iyo aSenebuli da maTi za­ rebis rekvis xma mTel xeobas esmoda. budisturi monas­ trebidan aRaraferi SemorCa, magram saiTac unda gaixedo, furisulebsa da sxva mindvris yvavilebs Soris advilad SeamCnevT maT nangrevebs. xSirad pikniksac ki vawyobdiT lo­ tosis pozaSi fexmorTxmuli budas qandakebis moCuqurTme­ bul lodebs Soris. erT-erTi legendis mixedviT, budam es adgili Tavad SearCia aqauri mSvidi garemos gamo da imasac ki amboben, rom misi ferflis erTi nawili Cvens mxareSi arsebul uzarmazar stupaSi asvenia. butkara saocari adgilia, gansakuTrebiT, „damaloba­ nas“ saTamaSod. erTxel Cvens mxareSi ucxoeli arqeologi Camovida da gviTxra, rom Turme erT dros aq ulamazesi oqrosgumbaTiani taZrebi idga, romlebSic budisti mefeebi iyvnen dakrZalulni da Turme maTi saflavebis mosalocad uamravi piligrimi Camodioda. mamaCemma am adgils leq­ ­si miuZRvna. am nawarmoebs „butkaras nangrevebi“ hqvia da srulyofilad warmoaCens im realobas, romelSic meCeTi da bu­­disturi taZari gverdigverd Tanaarseboben: `rode­ sac minareTebidan simarTlis xma ismis, / buda iRimis / da istoriis gawyvetili jaWvi isev erTdeba“.

Cven hinduquSis mTebis CrdilSi vcxovrobdiT; iq, sadac kacebi jixvebsa da mamlebze sanadirod dadiodnen. Cveni saxli betoniT nagebi erTsarTuliani Senoba iyo, romlis marcxena mxridan amavali kibe saxlis brtyel saxuravs ukavSirdeboda, sadac krikets vTamaSobdiT. saxlis saxu­ ravi Cveni saTamaSo moedani iyo. Sebindebisas iq mamaCemi da misi megobrebi Camosxdebodnen xolme da Cais miirTmevd­ nen. zogjer mec vjdebodi maTTan erTad da WriWinebis gamayruebeli WriWinis fonze axlomaxlo mdebare saxlebis sakvamurebidan amomaval kvamls gavcqerodi.

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Cveni mxare xexiliT mdidari miwaa. aq uamravi leRvis, broweulisa da atmis xea, ezoebSi ki yurZeni, guava da xurma xarobs. Cvens ezoSi erTi qliavis xec idga, romlis ugem­ rielesi nayofis xelSi Casagdebad Cven da Citebi erTma­ neTs vejibrebodiT. Citebs, maT Soris torolebsac, gan­ sakuTrebiT uyvardaT es xe. rac Tavi maxsovs, dedaCemi Citebs esaubreba. saxlis uka­­na nawilSi didi veranda iyo, sadac qalebi ikribebodnen. Cemma ojaxma kargad icis, ras niSnavs SimSili, amitom dedaCemi yovelTvis imaze met sadils amzadebda, vidre gvWirdeboda da gaWirvebulebs urigebda, narCenebs ki Citebs uyrida.

Cven, puStunebs, „tapaes“ – orstriqoniani leqsebis – simRera gviyvars. roca deda Citebs sakenks uyrida, Tan ase mReroda xolme: „baRSi mtredebs nu moklav. / erTs Tu mok­­­ lav, sxvebi aRarasdros mofrindebian~. saxlis saxurav­­ze jdoma, mTebis cqera da ocnebebSi Cakargva Cemi sayvare­­li saqmianoba iyo. yvelaze maRali piramidis formis mqone mTa elumia. Cven mas wminda mTad miviCnevT. is imdenad maRalia, rom wveri mudam fumfula RrublebiT aqvs dafaruli. zaf­ xulobiTac ki Tovlis safarqveS imaleba. skolaSi gvaswav­ lidnen, rom svatSi budistebis gamoCenamde didi xniT adre, qristes Sobamde 327 wels, avRaneTidan indisken mimavali aleqsandre makedoneli spiloebisa da jariskacebis mra­ valaTasiani armiiT SemoWrila Cvens mxareSi. svatelebma swored mTa elumis kalTebs Seafares Tavi im rwmeniT, rom caSi aziduli mTis kalTebze Sefenilebs maTi RmerTebi ukeT daicavdnen. Tumca, aleqsandre didi Seupovari da amave dros moTminebis gasaocari unariT dajildoebuli mTavarsardali iyo. misi brZanebiT xis ka­tapulti aages, romlis meSveobiT gatyorcnili isrebi da yumbarebi mTis wveramdec ki aRwevda. gamarjvebuli makedoneli mTaze avida da iupiteris varskvlavs daepatrona, romelic mo­ mavalSi misi Zalauflebis simbolod iqca.

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saxlis saxuravidan vakvirdebodi, rogor icvlebod­ nen mTebi weliwadis droebTan erTad. Se­mo­dgomaze susxi­ ani qari uberavda xolme, zamTarSi ki yvelaferi Tovlis TeTr safarqveS imaleboda. saxuravze xanjlebiviT basri loluebi ekida, romelTa Camoyrac Cveni sayvareli saqmi­ anoba iyo. aqeT-iqiT davrbodiT, Tovlis kacebsa da daTvebs vagebdiT da fifqebis daWeras vcdilobdiT. gazafxulze mTeli svati xasxasa simwvaneSi efloboda. saxlSi evkalip­ tis xeebidan monaberi sio aRwevda, garSemo yvelafers TeTr mtvers ayrida da brinjis mindvrebidan mZafri suni mohqonda. me zafxulSi davibade. SesaZloa swored amitomac miyvars weliwadis es dro yvelaze metad. imis miuxedavadac ki, rom mingoraSi saSinlad cxeli da mSrali zafxuli icis da am dros mdinareSi Cayrili nagvis simyrale kidev ufro autaneli xdeba. mingo­relebi xom nagavsayrelad adgilob­ riv mdinares iyeneben. me rom davibade, Cemi ojaxi Zalian xelmokled cxov­ robda. imxanad mamaCemma da misma erT-erTma megobarma Ta­ vianTi pirveli skola daaarses. Cven skolis mopirdapire mxares, oroTaxian Raribul qoxSi vcxovrobdiT. me mSob­ lebis oTaxSi maTTan erTad viZinebdi, meore oTaxi ki stum­ rebisTvis iyo gankuTvnili. saabazano da samzareulo ar gvqonda, amitom dedaCemi sadils miwaze danTebul cecxlze amzadebda, sarecxs ki skolis onkanis qveS recxavda. Cvens saxlSi mudam xalxmravloba iyo. soflidan uamravi xalxi gvstumrobda. stumarTmoyvareoba puStunTa kulturis um­­­­­niSvnelovanesi nawilia. ori weli rom Semisrulda, Cemi Zma daibada. isic Sin gaC­ nda, radgan mSoblebs saavadmyofoSi wasvlis saSualeba arc maSin hqondaT. axalSobils xuSali daarqves. mamaCemis skolasac es saxeli erqva puStunTa gmiris, mebrZolisa da poetis, xuSal xan xatakis pativsacemad. dedaCemi vaJze oc­ nebobda da rodesac Cemi Zma daibada, sixaruls ver malavda.

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patara xuSali CemTvis erTi Zalze gamxdari, ususuri ar­ seba iyo, romelic im lerwams waagav­­da, qari aqeT-iqiT rom arwevs; dedaCems mze da mTvare masze amosdioda. is iyo misi „ladla“ – Tvalis Cini. zogjer meCveneboda, rom Cemi Zmis nebismieri survili mis­Tvis brZaneba iyo. patara xuSali ise xSirad iTxovda Cvenebur rZian Cais, SaqriTa da iliT damt­ kbars, rom TviT dedaCemsac ki mohbezrda misTvis amdeni Cais momzadeba da erTxel iseTi ugemuri moumzada, rom biWs meti aRar mouTxovia. dedas xuSalisTvis axali akvnis yidva undoda. me rom davibade, mSoblebs akvnis SeZenis saSualeba ar hqondaT, amitom mezoblisgan naTxovar xis akvans viyeneb­ diT, romelSic Cemamde albaT sami an oTxi bavSvi gaizarda. mamaCemma deda mtkice uariT gaistumra da uTxra, malala am Zvel akvanSi ga­­­­i­­­­zarda, araferi daSavdeba, Tu biWic imave akvanSi iwvebao. daaxloebiT xuTi wlis Semdeg Cems mSoblebs kidev erTi vaJi SeeZinaT. mas atali daarqves. sazriani da cnobismoyvare Tvalebi hqonda – patara ciyvs hgavda. misi dabadebis Semdeg mamaCemma Tqva: „esec ase, axla mTeli ojaxi sruli SemadgenlobiT varT“. svatis standartebis mixedviT samSviliani ojaxi pataraa – iqaurebs xom ZiriTadad Svidi an rva Svili hyavT. me ZiriTadad xuSalTan erTad vTamaSobdi imitom, rom is Cemze ori wliT umcrosia, magram gamudmebiT vkinklaob­ diT. atirebuli xuSali dedasTan mirboda, me ki – mamasTan. „ra moxda, jani?“ – mkiTxavda xolme is. me mamas vgavar. mec masaviT hipermoqnili saxsrebiT davibade da TiTebis ukan gadaxra SemiZlia. siarulis dros koWebi mitkacunebs. am xmis gagonebaze ufrosebi sasacilod imanWebian. dedaCemi Zalian lamazi qalia. mamaCemi aRmerTebs mas da iseTi sifrTxiliT epyroba, TiTqos faifuris larnaki iyos, xelsac ki ar akarebs. amiT is Zalian gansxvavdeba Cveni kacebisgan. dedaCems Tur feqai hqvia. misi saxeli „yor­ nisferTmians“ niSnavs, Tumca mas wablisferi Tma aqvs. es 30

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sa­xeli babuam daarqva, romelic mis dabadebamde ramdeni­ ­me wuTiT adre „radio avRaneTs“ usmenda da es saxeli iq gaigona. netav mec masaviT TeTri, SroSanisferi kani, koxta nakv­­Tebi da mwvane Tvalebi mqondes... Cemi xorblis­ feri kaniT, farTo cxviriTa da Taflisferi TvalebiT mamaCems ufro vgavar, vidre dedaCems. Cvens kulturaSi adamianebisTvis metsaxe­lebis Serqmeva gavrcelebuli movlenaa. magaliTad, me deda dabadebidan „fiSos“ meZaxis, biZaSvilebi ki – „laCis“, rac puStunTa enaze ils niSnavs.

Savgvremanebs xSirad „qaTqaTebs“ eZaxian, dablebs – „ayla­ yudebs“. SeiZleba iTqvas, erTob ucnauri iumoris grZnoba gvaqvs. mamaCems ojaxis wevrebi „xaista dadas“ uwodeben, rac „lamazs“ niSnavs. daaxloebiT oTxi wlis rom viyavi, mamaCems vkiTxe: „aba, Sen ra feris xar?“ man ki mipasuxa: „ar vici, cota TeTri, co­­­­­ta Savi“. me ki vuTxari, ese igi rZian Cais hgavxar-meT­­qi, razec gulianad gaecina. bavSvobaSi isic Zalian ga­­nic­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ dida, rom muqi kani aqvs. sakuTari garegnobis gamo sa­­­so­­­­­ warkveTili saZovrebze kameCebs daeZebda da maT rZes ag­ rovebda im imediT, rom, Tuki saxeze waisvamda, kani od­nav mainc gauRiavdeboda. sakuTari kanis ferze dardi mxolod mas Semdeg Sewyvita, rac dedaCems Seuyvarda. lamazi qalis siyvarulma ufro meti Tavdajerebuloba SesZina.

CvenSi qorwineba ZiriTadad ojaxebis garigebiT xdeba, magram Cemi mSoblebis SemTxvevaSi gadamwyveti maTi siy­ varuli iyo. usasrulod SemiZlia vusmino maTi siyvarulis ambavs. isini zemo svatSi, Sanglas xeobaSi mdebare mezo­ bel soflebSi cxovrobdnen. erTmaneTs maSin xvdebodnen, rodesac mamaCemi deidaCemis mezoblad mcxovreb biZas stum­­­­­robda xolme. ramdenime Sexvedris Semdeg orives­Tvis gasagebi gaxda, rom erTmaneTi moswondaT. Cvens xalxSi grZnobebis gamoxatva miuRebeli saqcielia, amitom Tavisi grZnoba Riad arc mamaCems gaumxelia – amis nacvlad dedas 31

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sasiyvarulo leqsebs swerda. im leqsebs, romelTa wakiTx­ vac mas ar SeeZlo. – misma gonierebam momxibla, – ambobs xolme deda, roca am ambavs miambobs.

– me ki misma silamazem, – RimiliT amatebs mama.

Cemi mSoblebis momaval bednierebas erTi didi proble­­ma uSlida xels: Cems or babuas, dedaCemisa da mamaCemis ma­ mebs, maTi SeuRlebis ambavi ar moswondaT. amitom, rodesac mamaCemma dedaCemis, Tur feqais, colad SerTvis survili gamoTqva, naTeli gaxda, rom am qorwinebas mxars arc erTi ojaxi ar dauWerda. mamaCems mamam ganucxada, Seni saqmisa Sen icio, da, puStunTa tradiciis mixedviT, sapatarZlos ojaxs Suamavlad adgilobrivi dalaqi gaugzavna. malik janser xanma Suamavali uariT gamoistumra. sasimamros uars mamaCemi ar SeuSinebia. usaSvelod jiuti xasiaTi aqvs da mamamisi daiTanxma, rom sapatarZlos ojaxSi dalaqi xelmeored ga­­­eg­­zavna. janser xanis hujra adgilobrivebSi ganTqmuli TavSeyris adgili iyo, sadac yvelaze xSirad politikaze sasaubrod ikribebodnen. mamaCemic xSirad eswreboda am Sekrebebs. man da janserma erTmaneTi swored iq gaicnes, Tumca sasimamrom cxra Tve mainc alodina, sanam qaliSvilis miTxovebaze Tanxmobas etyoda. dedaCemis ojaxi mtkice bunebis qalebiTa da Za­la­uf­ lebis mqone mamakacebiT gamoirCeva. misi bebia – Cemi di­­­­ di bebia – naadrevad daqvrivda da mcirewlovani Svilebi darCa. ufrosi vaJi, janser xani, cxra wlis iyo, rodesac misi ojaxis moqiSpe ojaxma moitaca da daatyveva. Svilis gasaTavisufleblad bebiam mTis bilikebiT ormoci mili sruliad martom iara fexiT, rom daxmarebis saTxovnelad Tavisi Zlevamosili biZaSvilisTvis miemarTa. eWvic ar me­ pareba, Tu dasWirda, Cven gamo dedaCemic aseve moiqceva. dedaCemma wera-kiTxva ar icis, magram amis miuxedavad mama­ Cemi mas yvelafers uziarebs – uyveba dRis ambebs, karg­ 32

qaliSvilis dabadeba

sac da cudsac. isic, Tavis mxriv, cdilobs xan exumros, xanac mTeli seriozulobiT urCios, vin aris misi WeSmariti megobari da vin ara. mamaCemi ki ambobs, rom dedaCemi aras­ dros cdeba. puStun mamakacTa umravlesoba ase arasdros iqceva. sakuTar colTan problemebze saubari mamakacis sisusteze miuTiTebs. CvenSi xSirad gaigonebT, rogor das­ cinian aseT kacebs, Sexe erTi, cols rCevas ekiTxebao. Cemi mSoblebi ki erTmaneTis gverdigverd bednierad cxovro­ ben da bevrs icinian. garSemo myofebi Cvenze amboben, rom Zalian megobruli ojaxi gvaqvs. dedaCemi RvTismosavi adamiania da dReSi xuTjer locu­ lobs, Tumca meCeTSi ar dadis. meCeTSi mxolod mamakacebi dadian. deda pranWia qalia, lamazi aqsesuarebi, moqar­ guli tansacmeli, oqros yelsabamebi da samajurebi uyvars, Tumca cekvas, rogorc xelovnebas, ar amarTlebs. ase am­ bobs, cekva RmerTis mosawoni saqcieli ar ariso. me arc Zvir­­­fasi tansacmeli maRelvebs da arc samkauli, ris gamoc, mgoni, dedaCemi imedgacruebulic ki aris CemiT. bazrobebze siaruli male mbezrdeba. ai, skolis megobrebTan erTad saklaso oTaxis daxurul kars miRma cekva ki Zalian miyvars. sanam patarebi viyaviT, me da Cemi Zmebi umetes dros de­ dasTan vatarebdiT. zogjer mamas erTi wuTic ki ar hqonda Tavisufali. xan skolis saqmeebze darboda, xanac litera­ turul sazogadoebebsa da jirgas stumrobda. xSirad Cveni mxaris gadasarCenad garemosdacviT saqmianobasac eweoda da amitom Sin Zalian iSviaTad iyo. mamaCemi provinciuli soflidan aris, magram ganaTlebisa da Seupovari bunebis wyalobiT imas miaRwia, rom Cvens ojaxs araferi mohkleboda da irgvliv myofebSi pativsacemi adamianis saxelic moexveWa. xalxs Zalian moswonda mamaCemis mosmena. me ki gansakuT­ rebiT is saRamoebi miyvarda, roca CvenTan stumrebi mo­ diodnen. iatakze fexmorTxmulni vsxdebodiT plastma­ sis grZeli langris garSemo, romelsac dedaCemi saWm­ 33

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liT avsebda da Cvenc adaTis mixedviT, marjvena xeliT mivir­TmevdiT erT gundad Sekrul xorcsa da brinjs.

Sebindebisas lampebs vanTebdiT da maT Suqze mofrenil buzebs vigeriebdiT, Cveni sxeulebis siluetebi ki ucna­ ­ur cekvas asrulebdnen lampis SuqiT ganaTebuli saxlis kedlebze. zafxulis TveebSi, Weqa-quxilis dros, mamasTan ufro axlos mivcocdebodi xolme, mis muxls vekvrodi da aRtacebiT vusmendi im istoriebs, romlebsac is moqiSpe tomebis, puStunTa liderebisa da wmindanebis Sesaxeb hyve­ boda. xSirad, Tvalze cremlmomdgari, Tavisi xa­­verdovani xmiT leqsebsac kiTxulobda. svatelebis um­rav­­­lesobasaviT Cveni ojaxic iusafzais toms miekuTv­ne­­ba. iusafzais gvari (romelsac zogjer iusufzaid an iusufsaidac moixseneben) puStunTa sagvareulo tomebs So­­­­ris erT-erTi yvelaze mra­ valricxovania, warmoSobiT yandaaridan modis da farTod aris gavrcelebuli mTel pakistansa da avRaneTSi. Cveni winaprebi svatSi meTeqvsmete saukuneSi Camovidnen qabulidan, sadac isini Temuridebis imperators, mas Sem­ deg, rac is sakuTarma tomma taxtidan Camoagdo, samefo Za­­lauflebis dabrunebaSi exmarebodnen. gamarjve­bul­­­­ma imperatorma isini sasamarTlo da samxedro Ta­nam­de­bo­­­ bebiT daajildova. imperators megobrebi da naTe­sa­vebi afrTxilebdnen da urCevdnen, rom iusafzais tomi dro­ ulad moeSorebina Tavidan, radgan isini sul ufro met Zalauflebas ixveWdnen da erTxelac taxtidan mis Ca­mog­­ debasac Seecdebodnen. amitom erT dRes imperatorma di­­di nadimi gamarTa da iusafzais gvaris yvela meTauri stumrad miiwvia. Tan Tavisi xalxic dapatiJa da maTi daxma­re­­­­­biTa da veraguli SeTqmulebis wyalobiT im Rames Cveni gva­­ris 600 meTauri amoaxocina. mxolod orma SeZlo gaqceva. isini TanatomelebTan erTad feSavarSi gaixiznnen. garkveuli drois Semdeg ki svats ewvivnen sxva tomebisTvis daxmarebis saTxovnelad, rom gaerTianebuli ZalebiT avRaneTSi dab­ 34

qaliSvilis dabadeba

runebuliyvnen, Tumca svatis silamaziT moxiblulebma avRaneTSi dabruneba gadaifiqres, sxva tomebi svatidan gaaZeves da iq darCnen. iusafzais gvaris warmomadgenelma kacebma mTeli xeoba erTmaneTSi dainawiles. dayofis amgvar sistemas „veSi“ ewodeba da misi arsi isaa, yoveli xuTi an aTi wlis Semdeg ojaxebma soflebi xelaxla daina­wilon, ise rom uklebliv yvelas Tanabrad mieces nayofier da naklebad nayofier miwebze dasaxlebis SesaZlebloba. am ojaxebis warmomad­ genlebi imedovnebdnen, rom aseTi mowyo­­ba klanebs Soris qiSpobas aRmofxvrida. soflebs xa­­­nebi marTavdnen. ubralo xalxi, xelosnebi da muSebi ki maT qveSevrdomebad iTvlebodnen da xarks uxdid­ nen – ZiriTadad maT mier aRebuli mosavlis nawilis saxiT. isini xanebs miliciis formirebaSic exmarebodnen. ubralo xalxs TiTqmis yoveli mtkaveli miwidan SeiaraRebuli kaci unda gaeg­zavna miliciaSi samsaxurisTvis. TiToeul xans asobiT aseTi SeiaraRebuli adamiani hyavda, romlebsac moqiSpe tomebTan sab­rZolvelad da aseve, sxva soflebis gasaZarcvad iyenebda. svatSi dasaxlebul iusafzais gvars mmarTveli ar hyav­ ­da, amitom isini gamudmebiT upirispirdebodnen xansa da zogjer sakuTar Tanatomel ojaxebsac ki. CvenSi yvela kacs aqvs sakuTari iaraRi, Tumca puStunTa sxva dasaxlebebisgan gansxvavebiT, dRevandel dRes Cveni kacebi SeiaraRebulebi aRar dadian. warsulSi ki uiaraRod gareT aravin gadioda.

SeiaraRebuli Setakebebi babuaCemis bavSvobaSic araerTxel momxdara, rasac TviTonac xSirad ixsenebda. gasuli sauku­ nis dasawyisSi iusafzais gvaris warmomadgenlebs axa­li saz­ runavi gauCndaT: imxanad mezobeli teritoriebis umeteso­ bas britanelebi akontrolebdnen da sruliad SesaZlebeli iyo, erT dRes maTi Zalaufleba svatis xeobazec gavrcele­ buliyo. amasTan, Cveni winaprebi erTmaneTSi qiSpobiTa da 35

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dausrulebeli sisxlisRvriTac daiRalnen da gadawyvites, xeobis mmarTvelad is adamiani daeniSnaT, romelic aravis mxares iqneboda da davebis mogvarebaSic daexmarebodaT. ramdenime warumatebeli mcdelobis Semdeg, 1917 wels, Cveni gvaris uxucesebi miangul abdul vadudis kandida­ turaze SeTanxmdnen da imave wels tomis mefed gamoacxades.

Cven mas badSah sahibis saxeliT vicnobT da miuxedavad imisa, rom is wera-kiTxvis ucodinari iyo, mainc SeZlo Cvens mxareSi mSvidobis damyareba. puStuni kacisTvis iaraRis CamorTmeva sicocxlis warTmevis tolfasia, amitom Cveni tomebis ga­ niaraReba verc man SeZlo. amis sanacvlod badSah sahibma svatis garSemo mdebare mTebze cixesimagreebi aagebina da jari Sekriba. 1926 wels miangul abdul vadudi britaneleb­ mac aRiares Cveni qveynis meTaurad da „valad“ daniSnes. mis saxels ukavSirdeba Cvens mxareSi satelefono kavSiris amoq­ medeba, pirveli dawyebiTi skolis daarseba da „veSis“, anu miwebis gadanawilebis Zveleburi sistemis gauqmeba. „veSis“ mixedviT, soflis mosaxleobas droebiT dakavebuli miwis gayidva ar SeeZlo, ris gamoc arc ukeTesi saxlebis aSenebis survili hqonda da arc xexilis baRebis gaSenebis.

1949 wels, pakistanis daarsebidan ori wlis Tavze, mian­­ gul abdul vadudi sakuTari vaJis, miangul abdul haq je­ hanzebis sasargeblod Tanamdebobidan gadadga. mamaCemi yovelTvis ambobs: „badSah sahibma Cvens qveyanas mSvidoba moutana, misma vaJma ki – ganviTareba“. Cveni mosazrebiT, miangul abdul haq jehanzebis mmarTvelobis periodi Cveni qveynis istoriaSi namdvili „oqros xana“ iyo. man ga­ naTleba feSavaris britanul skolaSi miiRo da SesaZloa imis gamo, rom mamamisi wera-kiTxvis ucodinari iyo, gansa­ kuTrebiT mniSvnelovnad miaCnda skolebis gaxsna da arc saavadmyofoebisa da kargi gzebis mniSvneloba daviwyebia.

1950 wels sabolood gauq­­mda adgilobrivi xanebisTvis xar­ kis gadaxdis wesi, Tumca sityvis Tavisuflebis kuTxiT 36

qaliSvilis dabadeba

qveyanaSi Zvra namdvilad ar momxdara – „valis“ mimarT gamoTqmuli kritikisTvis mxaridan gaZevebiT isjebod­ nen. 1969 wels, swored im wels, rodesac mamaCemi daibada, Cvenma „valim“ Tanamdeboba datova da qveyana pakistanis Crdilo-dasavluri sazRvrispi­­ra provinciis nawili gaxda. ramdenime wlis Semdeg Cvens mxares xaiber-paxtunxva ewoda. ase rom, SeiZleba iTqvas, me amay pakistanelad davibade, Tumca, rogorc albaT yvela svatels, mec, pirvel yovlisa, svatelad mimaCnia Tavi, Semdeg puStunad, sul bolos ki pakistanelad.

Cven mezoblad erTi ojaxi cxovrobda, romelsac Cemi Tanatoli qaliSvili hyavda. mas safina erqva. Cemi da misi Zmebi – babari da basiti – Tanatolebi iyvnen. patarebi rom viyaviT, quCebSi da saxlis saxuravebze krikets erTad vTa­­­ maSobdiT, magram maSinac kargad mesmoda, cota rom wa­­ movizrdebodiT, Cven, gogonebs, saxlSi yofna da Zmebisa da mamebisTvis sadilis momzadeba dagvevaleboda, Cvens Zmebs ki arafers aukrZalavdnen da qalaqSic Tavisuflad ixe­­tialebdnen. me da deda saxlidan ise ver gavidodiT, Tu Cveni ojaxis wevri, an naTesavi mamakaci, Tundac is xu­­ Ti wlis bavSvi yofiliyo, Tan ar gvaxldeboda. aseTi iyo Cveni tra­­dicia. me pataraobidanve gadavwyvite, rom ase arasdros vic­ xovrebdi. mamaCemi yovelTvis ambobda, malala CitiviT Tavisufali iqnebao. me, aleqsandre makedonelis msgavsad, mTa elumze asvlasa da iupiterisTvis xelis Sexebaze voc­ nebobdi, Cemi mxaris sazRvrebs miRma mogzauroba mindoda, magram roca saxlis saxuravze caSi gaSvebuli franebis Se­­jibrebaSi Cabmul Cems Zmebs vxedavdi, erTi kiTxva ar mas­­­venebda – nuTu marTla SesaZlebelia gogoebi biWebiviT Tavisuflebi iyvnen?

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