Software Verification PROGRAM NAME: REVISION NO.:
SAP2000 0
EXAMPLE 1-012 FRAME – NO TENSION AND NO COMPRESSION FRAME OBJECTS EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION This example uses a one-bay, one-story braced frame resisting a horizontal load applied at the top of the frame to test the SAP2000 tension and compression limits for frame objects. In SAP2000 both tension and compression limits can be specified for frame objects. If the tension limit for a frame object is specified as 0, then the frame object can resist no tension. Similarly, if the compression limit is specified as 0 then the frame object can resist no compression. Important Note: Typically, the tension and compression limits only apply for nonlinear analyses. Three models are created for the example. Model A has no tension or compression limits and is run as a static linear analysis. Model B allows no compression in the compression diagonal and model C allows no tension in the tension diagonal. Models B and C are run as static nonlinear analyses. The horizontal displacement at the top of the frame and the support reactions for each model are compared with independent hand calculated results. Important Note: The beam and braces have pinned ends in the example. GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING 120"
Properties E = 30,000 k/in2 A = 8 in2
3
100 k
4
1
2 4
5 3
Z 1 Y X
120"
2
Notes 1. Frame objects 3, 4 and 5 have pinned ends 2. Braces are not connected at their intersection Tension/Compression Limits Model A: None (Linear static analysis) Model B: No compression in frame object 5 (Nonlinear static analysis) Model C: No tension in frame object 4 (Nonlinear static analysis)
EXAMPLE 1-012 - 1
Software Verification PROGRAM NAME: REVISION NO.:
SAP2000 0
TECHNICAL FEATURES OF SAP2000 TESTED Tension and compression limits for frame objects End releases RESULTS COMPARISON Independent results are hand calculated using a combination of the unit load method described on page 244 in Cook and Young 1985 and statics.
Model
A
B
C
Output Parameter
SAP2000
Independent
Percent Difference
Ux (jt 2) in
0.10677
0.10677
0%
Fx (jt 1) kip
-44.224
-44.224
0%
Fz (jt 1) kip
-100
-100
0%
Fx (jt 3) kip
-55.776
-55.776
0%
Fz (jt 3) kip
100
100
0%
Ux (jt 2) in
0.24142
0.24142
0%
Fx (jt 1) kip
-100
-100
0%
Fz (jt 1) kip
-100
-100
0%
Fx (jt 3) kip
0
0
0%
Fz (jt 3) kip
100
100
0%
Ux (jt 2) in
0.19142
0.19142
0%
Fx (jt 1) kip
0
0
0%
Fz (jt 1) kip
-100
-100
0%
Fx (jt 3) kip
-100
-100
0%
Fz (jt 3) kip
100
100
0%
COMPUTER FILES: Example 1-012a, Example 1-012b, Example 1-012c CONCLUSION The SAP2000 results match exactly with the independent results
EXAMPLE 1-012 - 2
Software Verification PROGRAM NAME: REVISION NO.:
SAP2000 0
HAND CALCULATION
EXAMPLE 1-012 - 3
Software Verification PROGRAM NAME: REVISION NO.:
SAP2000 0
EXAMPLE 1-012 - 4
Software Verification PROGRAM NAME: REVISION NO.:
SAP2000 0
EXAMPLE 1-012 - 5
Software Verification PROGRAM NAME: REVISION NO.:
SAP2000 0
EXAMPLE 1-012 - 6
Software Verification PROGRAM NAME: REVISION NO.:
SAP2000 0
EXAMPLE 1-012 - 7