Forced MIgration Review : Tsunami by Forced Migration Review

tpNrl ntspaPL

Mtdp 2005

review Rdhkp : kdpj Neag; gjpypWg;gpypUe;J fw;wy;

Forced Migration Review: mfjpfs; kw;Wk; cs;sf ,lg;ngaHTg; gpur;ridfis mwpa cyfpy; kpfTk; gue;jstpy; thrpf;fg;gLk; rQ;rpif.

MrpupaHfs;

Marion Couldrey & Dr Tim Morris;

re;jhf;fs; cjTdH Sharon Ellis

Forced Migration Review Refugee Studies Centre, Queen Elizabeth House, 21 St Giles, Oxford, OX1 3LA, UK Email: fmr@qeh.ox.ac.uk Tel: +44 (0)1865 280700 • Fax: +44 (0)1865 270721

,izajsk;

gjpg;ghrpupaHfsplkpUe;J khHfop 26> 2005 ,y; ,e;J rKj;jpuj;Jf;F FWf;Nf mbj;Jr; nrd;w Rdhkp> ,izaw;w kdpj Nea gjpypWg;Gf;F mbnaLj;Jf; nfhLj;Js;sJ. 300>000 f;Fk; mjpfnkd fzpf;fg;gl;l kuzq;fspd; ,Wjp vz;zpf;if jLkhwr; nra;Ak; mstpw;fpUe;j NghjpYk; mJ nfhq;Nfh [ddhaf FbauR> Uthz;lh> my;yJ #lhdpy; mz;ikf; fhyq;fspy; ,we;Js;stHfspd; vz;dpf;ifapy; xU jrk gpd;dNkahFk;. Rdhkp cyf ftdj;ij <Hj;Js;sJld; gpukpf;fj;jf;f tifapy; cyf xUikg;ghL> ,uf;fj;ij nghopa Tk; itj;Js;sJ. mNj Ntis mjpfk; fz;Zf;Fg; Gyg;glhj ,lk; ngaH kf;fspd; Njitfs; mJTk; VuhskhNdhupd; ghupa Njitfs; g+Hj;jpahf;fg;glhkNy ,Ue;J tUfpwd. Aj;jk; J}z;ba ,lg;ngaHit Vw;nfdNt vjpHT nfhz;l ehLfis Rdhkp Kjypy; mopj;jJ vd;w cz;ikAk; kdpj Neag; gzpr; r%fk; vg;NghJk; fle;j fhyq;fspy; fw;w gbg;gpidfspy; ftdk; nrYj;jhky; eltbf;iff;Fs; ,wq;fptpLk; NtjidkpF ajhHj;jKk; epthuz eltbf;ifapd; kpfr; rupahd msTNfhyhfp vkJ rQ;rpifapd; ,e;jg; gpuj;jpNaf ntapaPl;il gpuRupf;Fk; vkJ jPHkhdj;ij Cf;Ftpj;jJ.

www.fmreview.org

jkpohf;fk;

Rajan Arulappu Iruthaynathan

,t;tpN~l ntspaPl;bw;fhd epjp toq;FdHfs; AUSTCARE Concern Brookings-Bern Project on Internal Displacement Christian Aid Consortium of Humanitarian Agencies, Sri Lanka Department for International Development (UK) UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) World Vision Australia World Vision Canada World Vision USA UNICEF UNHCR Sri Lanka

ISSN 1460-9819

Rdhkp jhf;fpa ehLfspy; cs;s mur rhHgw;w> cs;@H epWtdq;fspd; ghHitfisAk; Rdhkpf;F gpd;dhd epthuz kPl;rp eltbf;iffSf;F gpujhd jiyikNaw;Nghupd; gpujpgypg;Gf;fisAk; xd;whfj;jpul;b xU mw;Gjkhd fl;Liufspd; njhFg;gpid NjHe;njLj;jjpy; ehk; kfpo;T nfhs;fpd;Nwhk;. ,t;ntspaPl;il rhj;jpag;gl itj;j fPo;fhZk; epjptoq;FdHfSf;Fk; vkJ rf gzpahsu;fshd Mrpupa MNyhrid toq;fpa <th nyhw;wh n`l;kd; kw;Wk; nfhOk;gpy; ntspaPl;il mr;rpl;L tpdpNahfpg;gij xUq;fpizf;Fk; irkd; `hup]; MfpNahUf;Fk; ehk; ed;wpf;fld; gl;Ls;Nshk;. gyte;jg; Gyk;ngaHT kPs;Nehf;F (vg;.vk;.MH) ,yq;ifapypUe;Nj mr;rplg;gl;L tpepNahfpf;fg;gLtJld; mJ Mq;fpy> jkpo;> rpq;fsj;jpYk; ,k;Kiw ,e;NjhNdrpa ghfrp> nkhopapYk; mr;rplg;gl;Ls;sJ. Kjy; jilitahf ,r;rQ;rpifia thrpg;NghH vkJ toikahd Mq;fpyk;> mugpf;> ];ghdpa> gpud;rpa nkhopfspy; ntsptUk; mNjNtis ,dp tuTs;s ntspaPLfis ngw rpyNtis MHtk; nfhs;syhk;. ,t; vg;.vk;.MH. rQ;rpif xf;Nghl; gy;fiyf;fof mfjpfs; fw;iffSf;fhd epiyaj;jhy; gpuRupf;fg;gl;L ehLfspy; tpepNahfpf;fg;gl;L tUtJld; mfjpfs; kw;Wk; cs;sf ,lk; ngaHe;Njhupd; gpur;ridfis jhq;fp tUk; cyfpy; mjpfkhNdhH thrpf;Fk; rQ;rpifahfTk; cs;sJ. mLj;JtUk; vg;.vk;.MH. ntspaPl;bd; fUg;nghUs; “#lhdpy; rkhjhdj;Jf;fhd vjpHghHg;Gf;fs;” vd;gjhFk;. cs;sf ,lk; ngaHe;Njhiu ghJfhf;f cjTk; rHtNjr r%fj;jpd; nfhs;jFjpwid ftdpf;fTs;s kdpj Nea mYtyfH;fSf;fhd I.eh. tpd; mYtyfj;jpdJ> epWtdq;fSf;fpilapyhd cs;sf ,lk;ngaHTf;fhd gpuptpd; $l;biztpdhy; ntspaplg;gLk; ,izg;gpjioAk; jhq;fp> ,g;Gjpa vg;.vk;.MH. ntspaPL Ig;grp khjj;jpy; tpepNahfj;Jf;F tuTs;sJ. ,t;ntspaPNlh Rdhkpapdhy; nrhy;nyhzhj; Jauj;Jf;Fl;gl;L vjpHfhyj;Jf;fhf vjpu;ghu;j;J fhj;jpUg;NghUf;F rkHg;gzk;. ,jpYs;s fl;Liufs; cq;fs; gzpf;F nghUj;jkhdjhf ,Ug;gij ePq;fs; czHtPHfs; vd;gJld; NgudH;j;jk; Vw;gLj;jpa ,lk;ngaH;Tf;F ,d;Dkjpfkhd tpidj;jpwDld; kdpjNea gzpr; r%fk; gjpypWf;f ,jpYs;s gupe;Jiufs; cjTk; vdTk; ehk; vjpHghHf;fpd;Nwhk;. ehd;F nkhopfspYk; cs;s KO fl;LiufSk; gpd;tUk; ,izaj;jsj;jpy; fpilf;Fk;. www.fmreview.org.tsunami.htm vkJ mQ;ry; gl;baypy; cq;fs; ngaH ,lk;ngwr; nra;a Nkyjpf jfty;fSf;F vk;Kld; njhlHG nfhs;syhk; (vjpHgf;fj;jpy; tpguk; fhz;f). ey;tho;j;Jf;fSld; Nkupad; nfsy;l;wP -

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gjpg;GupikAk; kWg;Gk; vg;. vk;. MH. ,d; fUj;Jf;fs; gjpg;ghrpupaH my;yJ mfjp fw;iffs; epiyaj;jpd; ghHitia gpupjpgypf;ftpy;iy. ,t;ntspaPl;bypUe;J ve;jnthU gFjpiaAk; %yj;ijg;gw;wpa Fwpg;GiuAld; ,ytrkhf kPs;gjpg;G nra;a KbAk;. cs;slf;fk; kw;Wk; tbtikg;G gw;wpa fUj;Jf; Fwpg;Gf;fisAk; jfty; fUtpahf vt;thW ,jid mgptpUj;jp nra;ayhk; vd;w MNyhridfisAk; tuNtw;fp;Nwhk;. kl;lf;fsg;G khtl;lj;ijr;Nru;e;j ,yq;iff; Foe;ijahy; jPl;lg;gl;lJ (gpd;gf;fj;ijg; ghu;f;fTk;)

Corinne Owen

Forced Migration Review “gyte;jg; Gyk;ngaHT kPs;Nehf;F” rQ;rpifahdJ> Ma;thsHfs;> mfjpfs;> cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;Njhu; NkYk; ,tHfSld; gzpGupNthH vd gyjug;gl;Nlhupd; toikahd eilKiw mDgtk;> jfty;fs; kw;Wk; fUj;Jf;fs;> vd;gdtw;wpw;fpilapyhd gupkhw;wj;jpd; nghJ kd;wnkhd;iw Vw;gLj;jpj; jUfpwJ. ,r;rQ;rpifia Mq;fpyk;> ];ghdp];> mugpf;> gpuQ;R Mfpa nkhopfspy;> mfjpfs; fw;if epiyak;/xf;];Nghl; gy;fiyf;fofk;> NehHNt[pad; mfjpfs; NguitAld; ,ize;J ntspapLfpwJ. ];ghdpa gjpg;ghd uptp];uh b ikfpwrpad;]; NghH]hl];> nfsj;jkhyhtpy; I.b.<.[. ,dhy; ntspaplg;gLfpwJ.

cs;slf;fk; tYtw;w ghjpg;Gw;Nwhh; capHgpioj;Njhu;

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,d;q;ity;l; nrhy;thq;.....................................................................29

,yq;if ,d Kuz;ghL> ,yq;if muR kw;Wk; Rdhkp [aNjt caq;nfhl...........................................................................30

Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd csr;r%f Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpd; kPjhd gpujpgypg;Gf;fs; Mde;j fygjp.....................................................................................32 Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd ,yq;ifapy; [PtNdhghak; irkd; `hup];....................................................................................34

Rdhkp gjpypWg;G gzpapd; murpay; <th nyhw;wh n`l;kd;.....................................................................04

Rdhkp gjpypWg;ig Ieh fzpg;gpLfpwJ khpad; nfsy;l;wp> hpk; nkhwp];........................................................06

,aw;if NguopTfSk; cs;sf ,lk; ngaHe;NjhH cupikfSk; Nthy;lH fypd;....................................................................................10

MW khjq;fs; fle;Jk; gaj;Jf;F Kfk; nfhLj;jy; ypd;ld; [_gPy;];..................................................................................36

Nritfs; - tpepNahf xOq;FgLj;jypy; rthy;fs; ];uPt; kj;jpa+];....................................................................................38

Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd neUf;Fthuj;jpy; kpjpAz;l rpd;d kPd;fs; [upd; gpNw]H......................................................................................39

Rdhkpf;F nghJ Rfhjhu gjpypWg;G. ehk; vd;d fw;Ws;Nshk;? kDty; fhHgy;Nyh> gpwad; `Py;....................................................12

jha;yhe;J

kpfg; ngupa epyj;jpUl;L

gHkpa Gyk; ngaH njhopyhsu;fs; kl;by; kdpj Neag; gjpypWg;G igah xgNuha....................................................................................40

];nfhl; ypAfp......................................................................................15

Vida neUf;fbfSf;fhd epjpaspj;jiy Rdhkp ghjpj;Js;sjh? Nuhgp yhd;]u;......................................................................................17 [f;fpa ,uhr;rpaj;jpd; ru;tNjr mgptpUj;jpf;fhd jpizf;fsk; Rdhkp gjpypWg;ig kPsha;T nra;fpwJ Nltpl; n`hNuhgpd;.............................................................................18

,e;jpah ,e;jpa fUj;juq;F Rdhkp gjpypWg;ig kPsha;T nra;fpwJ Nghyh gdH[_> rg;ahrhr;rp ghR uha; rTj;hp.................................42

jkpo;ehl;by; gytPdkhd> FOf;fSf;fhd xU Fuy; nkf;]; khHl;bd;..................................................................................44

,e;NjhNdrpah Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd Mr;Nrapy; cs;sf ,lk; ngaHe;Njhupid fzpg;gply; Fnsbah `l;];ngj;..........................................................................19 Mr;Nrapy; cs;sf ,lk; ngaHe;Njhu; KfhKf;Fs; Klf;fk; Y}f;kd; V[;.........................................................................................22 Fiwe;jgl;r epakq;fis guhkupg;gpy; cWjpg;gLj;jy;

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gjpypWg;gpd; tpidj;jpwd;kpF tpisTj; jhf;fk; : ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fspd; vz;zq;fs; mdp];ah Njhk];> tpkyh ,uhkypq;fk; ......................................46

khiyjPT njhiye;j mg;ghtpj;jdk;: khiyjPtpy; Rdhkp N`a;b gpwTd......................................................................................48

MNuhf;fpag;

rhd;wh fpwt;rp......................................................................................24

,e;NjhNdrpahtpy; kdpj Nea xUq;fpizg;G: xU vd; [P X ghHit fhH];upd; t+y;]..................................................................................26 Mr;Nrapy; Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd ghJfhg;GrhH ftiyfs; FMR MrpupaHfs;.................................................................................28

Mgpupf;fh Rdhkp gw;wpa Xh; Mgphpf;f fUj;J epiy gfhkp nuhk; ead;Lfh.......................................................................50

Nrhkhypahtpd; jw;Nghija gpur;rpidfis NkYk; Nkhrkilar; nra;fpd;wJ.

Rdhkp

kdpj Nea mYty;fis xd;wpizf;Fk; I. eh. mYtyfk;> Nrhkhypah............51

FMR Rdhkp

Rdhkp gjpypWg;Gg; gzpapd; murpay; <th - nyhw;lh n`l;kd;

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toq;FdHfspdJk; Njrpa muRfspdJk; GdHtho;T kPs;fl;Lkhdj; jpl;lq;fis tbtikg;gjw;nfd> ty;YdHfspd; mwpit ngw;Wr; nra;ag;gl;l Nrjf; fzpg;gPLfs;> tpguj;jpul;ly;> tiuGfs; vd;gd ey;y topfhl;ly;fis toq;fpd. rpf;fy; tha;e;j mtrufhy epyikf spy;> xUq;fpizg;G-epGzj;Jtk; rhHe;j gpur;ridfSf;fg;ghy;> ghjpg;Gw;w ,lq;fspYs;s Njrpa kw;Wk; cs;SH murpayhy; thHf;fg;gl;Ls;s rpf;fy;kpF mjpfhuj; njhlHGfSf;Fs; gjpf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; kPs;fl;Lkhd Kaw;rpfs;> epthuzk;> ,aw;jd;ik> ,af;fk; Nghd;wtw;wpd;kPJ kPs; ftdf; Ftpg;ig nra;tJ mtrpakhfpwJ. Kw;wpYk; Ntwhd jkJ r%f murp ay; nghUshjhu cs;tpirfSld; fhzg;gl;l 12 tpj;jpahrkhd ehLfspYk; ,lk;ngw;w ,e;jg; ghhpa xw;iw Nguoptpd; Neub jhf;fj;Jf;F nfhLf;fg;gl;l gue;;J tpupe;j gjpypWg;Gf;fs;> rhjhuzkhdNjh md;wp ed;F njhopy;rhH jifik nghUe;jpaNjh vj;jifanjd;whYk;> md;whl murpaypd; kpff; fLikahd jhf;fq;fs; kdpjNea nray;ghl;L Kaw;rpfs; kPjpUg;gij mbf; Nfhbl;Lf; fhl;Lfpd;wd. Rdhkpahy; ghjpg;Gw;w gpuNjrq;fs; KOtJk; ,lk;ngWk; kdpj Nea epthuzk; kw;Wk; kPs;fl;Lkhdr; nraw;ghLfisg; ghjpf;Fk;> murp ay; cs;tpirfspdJk; toikahd Nfhyq;fspdJk; milahsq;fisNah my;yJ ghj;jpuj;ijNah Ma;e;jwptjw;F> ,d;W tiuapYk; xOq;FKiwahd Kaw;rpfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gltpy;iy. ,aw;ifg; Nguoptpw;Fk; Vw;fdNt cs;s rpf;fy; tha;e;j kdpjNea mtrufhy epiyfSf;Fk; ,ilapy; my;yJ eLtpYs;s> Vuhskhd Rdhkp apy; capH gpioj;jtHfs;> njhluhd jilfs; gw;wpa Ngr;RthHj;ijapy; <Lgl Ntz;b ,Ue;jJ. ,lk;ngw;w Nghuhl;lk;> td;Kiw> gphptpidthjpfSf;nfjpuhd ghhpa fyf vjph;g;G eltbf;iffs; vd;gd Mr;Nriag; nghWj;jkl;by;> 1999 ,y; ,Ue;J> 300>000 Ngiu ,lk;ngau itj;Js;sJld;> Rdhkpapy; jg;gpg; gpioj;Njhhpd; Ibgp vDk; milahsk; murpay; hPjpapy; czHjFjp epiyf;Fk; thjg;gpujpthjj;Jf;Fk; cl;gl itj;Jk; cs;sJ. Ibgp vd;Dk; nrhw;gjk;> tiutpyf;fzj;jpd;kl;by;> ,aw;if mdHj;jq;fshy; jkJ tPL thry;fis tpl;L ntspNaw fl;lhag;gLj;jg;gl;N lhiuAk; cs;slf;FfpwJ. ,Ue;Jk;> ,e;NjhNdrpa mur mjpfhhpfs;> rHtNjr kdpjNea epWtdq;fs; Nghd;wd rpy Ntisfspy; ,j;jifNahiu “tPlw;wtHfs;” vd;Nw tpopf;fpd;wdH. ghjpg;Gw;Nwhhpd; ghJfhg;G> cjtp Nghd;wtw;Wf;fhd flg;ghLfisAk; ghj;jpuj;ijAk; ,dk; fhz;gjpy;> ,j;jifa nrhw;gjq;fspd; tpj;jpahrq;fs; gy;NtW rpf;fy; tha;e;j gpd;tpisTfisf; nfhz;Ls;sd. mj;Jld;> cs;sf ,lk;ngaHTkl;by; Iehtpd; topfhl;ly; Nfhl;ghLfs;

$Wk;> cs;SH Njrpa Ml;rpahsHfspd; flg;ghLfs; ghj;jpuk; vd;gdtw;wpy; $l rpf;fy;fis nfhz;L tUfpd;wd. may; ehlhd gHkhitr; NrHe;j mfjpfs; Gyk;ngaH njhopyhsHfs; kPjhd jz;bf;Fk; mZFKiwiaf; nfhz;Ls;s jha;yhe;jpy;> Rdhkpahy; ghjpg;Gw;w njd; khfhzq;fspy; thOk; gu;kpa Rdhkp jhf;fj;jpw;Fs;shdtHfs; kPJ> cs;SH jha; mur mjpfh hpfSk; Fbkf;fSk; ,isf;Fk; xUjiyg;gl;rkhd ghugl;rq;fs; gw;wpa gy Mjhuq;fs; cs;sd. 2005 khrp 6k; jpfjp NjHjYf;fhd gpur;rhuj;Jf;F xU tha;g;ghf;f KaYk; gpujkH jf]pd; rpdtw;whtpdJk; mtuJ “jha; Nerpf;Fk; jha;” fl;rpapdJk; Kaw;rpahf Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd mtrufhy epthuz xUq;fpizg;G kw;Wk; toq;fypYk; jd;dpNyNa jq;fpapUf;Fk; epiyg;ghl;il jha;yhe;J muR gpuflzg;gLj;jpAs;sjhy;> gHkpa Gyk;ngaH njhopyhsH fs; cjtpf;Fk; MjuTf;Fkhd khw;W topfis fhz;gjpy; ,Ue;J jdpikg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sdH. mtHfsJ ,uhZt muR$l mtHfis xJf;fp itj;Js;sJ. jha;yhe;J murpd; cs;SH mjpfhhpfshy; Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk; cjtp epfo;r;rpj; jpl;l mKyhf;fq;fspYk; mtrufhy epthuz tpdpNahfj;jpYk; gHkpa Gyk;ngaH njhopyhspfs; tpyf;fg;gl;Ls;sdH. mj;Jld;> rl;l tpNuhj Gyk;ngaHe;Njhiu xLf;Fk; Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd cs;SH nghyp rhhpd; eltbf;if> mtHfis ifJ nra;a ,yf;F itj;Js;sJld;> <w;wpy; gHkhTf;F kPz;Lk; ehL flj;Jtjw;Fk; ,l;Lr; nrd;Ws;sJ. xUq;fpizf;fg;gl;l rHtNjr kdpjNea mtrufhyg; gjpypWg;Gf;fhd cjtp toq;fiy muR rhpT fhzr; nra;j ,e;jpahtpd; tpilaj;jpYk;> Rdhkp ghjpj;j gpuNjrq;fspy; jPz;lj;jfhNjhH my;yJ jypj;JfSf;nfjpuhf cs;SH mjpfhhpfshy; ghugl;r eilKiwfs; iff;nfhs;sg;gLtjw;fhd Mjhuq;fs; cs;sd. rhjp ika Nkyhz;ikj; jiyikj;Jtk; rhHe;j r%ff; fl;likg;Gf;Fs; mfg;gl;Ls;s> fiuNahu kPd;gpb r%fq;fisr; NrHe;j Ibgpf;fs;> mtu;fs; jq;fpAs;s Kfhk;fspYk; jw;fhypf eyd;Ghp epiyaq;fspYk; jw;fhypf jq;Fkplq;fspYk; kpfTk; jaf;fj;Jld; tpUg;gkw;w epiyapy; ,lk; nfhLf;fg;gl;Lk; gpd; Juj;jp mbf;fg;gl;Lk; cs;sdH. jypj; kf;fSf;F mtrufhy epthuzq;fis mur mjpfhhpfSk; epWtdg; gzpahHfSk; rptpy; r%ff; FOf;fSk; tpdpNahfpg;gij Vida I.b.gpf;fs; jLj;J tUtjhfTk; Mjhuq;fs; cs;sd. Rdhkp mtrufhyg; gjpypWg;gpd; rpf;fyhd ,d;DnkhU ghpkhzk;> Mr;NrapYk;> ,yq;ifapd; tlfpof;F khdpyq;fspYk;> ,e;jpahtpd; epf;NfhghH jPTfspYk; kpf Nkhrkhf ghjpf;fg;gl;l gpuNjrq;fs; mNdfkhdtw;wpy;> ,uhZt je;jpNuhgha Njitg;ghLfspd; Kjd;ik kPJ fhY}z;wp ,Ug;gNjahFk;. 2003 Nk

FMR Rdhkp

Mike Dubose/UMNS/ACT International

khjj;jpy; gpufldg;gLj;jg;gl;l mtru fhy epiyikapy; gpd;dpUe;J> 40>000 gilapdhpd; gpurd;dj;jhy; Mr;Nr kpff; fLikahf ,uhZtkag;gl;Ls;sJ. mz;ikf; fhy fyf vjpHg;G eltbf;ifapd; xd;wpizf;fg;gl;l xU mq;fkhf ,lk;ngWk; Kfhk;fSf;Fs; fl;lhakhf kPs;FbakHj;JjYld;> ,e;NjhNdrpa ,uhZtj;jpd; ghj;jpukhdJ Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd mtrufhy epthuz tpdpNahfj;jpYk; giltPLfs; Nghd;w nfhl;liff;Fs; cs;sf ,lk; ngaHe;Njhiu kPs;FbakHj;Jk; xUq;fpizg;gpYk;> gy re;jHg;gq;fspYk; kdpjNea cjtpfSf;fhd Nfhl;ghLfSld; kpf Nkhrkhd rkhspg;ghfNt khwpAs;sJ. ,yq;ifiag; nghWj;jtiuapy;> Gypfspd; fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fl;gl;l mjhtJ ,uhZtf; fl;Lg;ghlw;w gpuNjrq;fs; vd miof;fg;gLk; fiuNahuj;Jld; vNjw;irahf xj;jpire;JNghFk; jd;iknghUe;jpa Rdhkpapd; mopTg; ghijahdJ ke;jkhd epthuz gzp Kd;ndLg;Gf;F ,l;Lr; nrd;Ws;sJ. mNjNtis jdJ kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhuj;ijf; flg;gjw;fhd ve;j xU fl;likg;igAk; nfhOk;gpy; cs;s muR kpf cWjpahf vjpHj;jJ. kj;jpa murpd; gjpypWg;gpd;ikapd; jd;ik Nrhkhypa rk;gtj;jpYk; ntspf;fhl;lg;gl;L tUfpd;wJ. ,Wjpahf> ,e;jpa je;jpNuhgha flw;gilj; jskhff; FUjg;gLk; epf;NfhghH jPTfspy;> Rdhkp epthuz kw;Wk; GdHtho;T Kaw;rpfs; ,uhZtj;jhy;

Rdhkp gjpypWg;Gg; gzpapd; murpay; Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;ldntd;Wk; mtHfs; ghjpg;Gw;w Mjpthrpr; r%fq;fisAk; cs;SH rptpypa epHthfj;ijAk; xuk;fl;bdu; vd;W $Wk; Mjhuq;fSk; cs;sd. Rdhkp epthuz kPs;fl;Lkhdg; gzpfspy; <Lgl;Ls;s gy kdpj Near; nray;ghl;lhsHfs;> jkJ gjpypWg;Gf;fis kPsha;T nra;aj; njhlq;fpAs;sjhy;> ,uz;L my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l ghjpf;fg;gl;l gpuNjrq;fspy; nraw;gl;Lk; mjD}lhf ntt;Ntwhd murpay; rthy;fSf;F Kfk; nfhLj;Jk; tUk; epWtdq;fshy; Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk; NtWgl;l gjpypWg;Gf;fspd; kl;by; jkJ fzpg;gPl;bDhlhd gFj;jwp xg;gPl;L ghHitf; Nfhzq;fis toq;f KbAk; vd ek;Gfpd;wdu;. Rdhkpf;F Kd;dH ,yq;ifapy; Iehtpd; mikg;Gf;fspdJk; A+.vd;.vr;.rP.MupdJk; ePz;lfhy gpurd;dk; Mr;NrAldhd vjphpil tpj;jpahrj;ij> ntspr;rk; Nghl;Lf; $Wfpd;wd. NgudHj;jk; js;sptpl;l cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;Njhhpd; ghJfhg;Gf;fhd chpikfisg; ngWtjpYs;s Fiw ghLfs; rhu;ghf vOe;Js;s ftiy fs;> cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;NjhhpilNa cl;gjpf;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhuk; murpa Yldhd njhlHGfspYk; ftdj;ij <Hj;Js;sd. vg;vk;MH tpNrl ntspaPl;bd; MrphpaHfs;> cjtpfis miljy;> fl;lhag;gLj;jg;gl;l kPs;FbakHj;jy;> ghy; epiy> ghyp ay; rhHe;j td;Kiw> ghJfhg;ghd

jd;dhHt kPs;tUif> Mtzq;fspd; ,og;G> nrhj;Jf;fSf;fhd el;l<L Nghd;wtw;iw cs;slf;fpa> Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhdfhy ghJfhg;Gg;gw;wp ftiy fspd; xU ePz;l njhliuNa Nkw;Nfhbl;Lf; fhl;b cs;sdH. r%f> nghUshjhu> fyhrhu chpikfspd; ghJfhg;G> fhyk; nry;yr;nry;y mUfp tUtjdhy;> ,j;jifa mk;rq;fs; Muk;g epiyapNyNa ifahsg;gly; Ntz;Lk;. njhlHG+lfq;fs; NtW nra;jpfshy; jkJ ftdj;ij xd;W Ftpg;gjdhy;> Rdhkpahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l kf;fspy; ngUk; gFjpapdu; ,d;Dk; Aj;jr; #o;epiyapNyNa njhlHe;Jk; ,Ue;J tUfpd;wdH. fUj;jhly;fSk;> ehl;bd; ghJfhg;G cs;tpirfSk;> md;whl murpaYk; ,j;jifa rpf;fy; tha;e;j kdpjNea mtrufhy epiyiaAk;> Ibgp ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; cjtpfs; kl;byhd rpf;fy;fisAk; vt;thW MSiff;Fl;gLj;jp cs;sd vd;gijg;gw;wp mwpa> mtw;wpd;kPJ xU xOq;F Kiwahd xg;gPl;L Ma;nthd;wpy; ftdk; nrYj;Jtjw;F ,Jjhd; chpa> rhpahd Neuk; MFk;.

<th-nyhw;lh n`l;kd;> xf;];Nghl; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; mfjpfs; fw;if epiyaj;jpd; rpNu];l Ma;thsUk;> njd;fpof;F Mrpahtpd; Kuz;ghL> td;Kiw> cs;sf ,lk;ngaHT Nghd;w mk;rq;fspd; kl;by; tpNrlj;Jtk; nfhz;LtUk; Mthh;. kpd;dQ;ry; eva-lotta.hedman@qeh.ox.ac.uk.

,e;NjhNdrpah> gz;lh Mr;Nrapy; flw;fiuf;F Kd;dhd tPl;bd; rpijntr;rk;

FMR Rdhkp

Rdhkp gjpypWg;ig I eh fzpg;gpLfpwJ khpad; Nfhy;l;wp> hpk; nkhwp];

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Rdhkp gjpypWg;ig I eh fzpg;gpLfpwJ

IRIN/Edward Parsons

FMR Rdhkp

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UNICEF/HQ050129/Jim Holmes

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Fritz Institute

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,aw;if mdh;j;jj;Jf;Fg; gpd;dhd kdpj chpik rthy;fs; cjtpfisg; ngw nrd;wiljy;: Njrpa mjpfhu jug;ghhplkpUe;J ghJfhg;Gk; cjtp NfhuTk; ngWtjw;Fkhd chpik apid cs;sf ,lk;ngah;e;Njhh; nfhz;Ls;shh;fs;;. Rdhkpahy; ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fSf;F Njitahd kdpj Nea cjtpfis toq;Ftjpy; kpf tpiuthf gjpypWg;gjw;F tpUg;gj;JlDk; ntspehl;L cjtpia ehLk; NjitAlDk; ,Ue;J tUk; ehLfs;;> rh;tNjr r%fj;Jldhd $l;L Ntiyapy; <Lgl;Lk; my;yJ nra;Jk; tUfpd;wd. ,Ue;jNghjpYk; jk;khy; NghJkhd cjtpfis toq;f Kbahj #o;epiyapy; cs;s muRfs; NjitfSld; f];lg;gLgtu;fSf;F cjtp fs; nrd;wilAk; topfis jLf;fTk; $lhJ. ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fis nrd;wilaj; Njitahd mDkjpia ngWtjpy; Nkyjpf jhkjj;ij Vw;gLj;Jjy; Nghd;w cjtp tpdpNahf fl;Lg;ghLfis jtph;f;fTk; Ntz;Lk;. ghuhgl;rkpd;ik : ,aw;if Ngudh;j;jq;fspd; gpd;dh;> kdpj Nea kw;Wk; xd;Wjpul;ba cjtp gfph;e;jspj;jy;> kPs; Fbakh;j;jy;> kPs; FbNaw;wk; Nghd;w KbTfsp Yk; ghuhgl;rk; voyhk;. topfhl;ly; nfhs;iffspy; typAWj;jg;gl;lJ Nghd;W> gf;fr; rhh;gpd;ik eLT epiyik Nghd;w ePz;l – epiy epWj;jg;gl;l Nfhl;ghLfSf;fikthf Aj;jj;jhy; ,lk;ngah;e;Njhiutpl ,aw;if mdh;j;jq;fshy; ePh;%ykhf; fg;gl;lth;fSf;F khj;jpuk; rYif toq;fhky; ,d> kj> nkhop> rhjp> gpuNjr hPjpahd ghuhgl;rq;fspdpd;wp cjtpfs; chpa Kiwapy; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. cjtp toq;fypd; mePjpfs; kdpj Nea Nfhl;ghLfis khj;jpuk; kPWtjpy;iy khwhf cs;sf ,lk;ngah;e;Njhhpd; ghJfhg;ig gaKWj;jTk;; nra;J mtu;fsJ xd;wpizit rpf;fyhf;fp Njrpa kl;l cwTr; rPuhf;fy; Nehf;fpa efh;tpy; tpuf;jpia gjpj;J mjDhlhf gjl;lj;ij Vw;gLj;jTk; nra;fpwJ ngz;fs; rpWth;fspd; ghJfhg;G : topfhl;ly; Nfhl;ghLfs; ngz;fs;> rpWth;fspd; Njitfspd; kl;by; tpNrl ftd <h;g;Gf;F miog;G tpLf;fpwJ. mjpf mstpyhd tPl;L td;Kiwf;F jk;ik gzak; itf;Fk; Kfhk;fspNyNa ,th;fs; Fwpg;ghf ghypay; kw;Wk; ghy;epiy td;Kiwf;F ,yFthf cl;gLk; mgha epiyia vjpu;Nehf;Ffpd;wdh;. ngz;fsJ iffspy; Neub ahf czT tof;fg;glhjNghJk; Kfhk; Kfhikj;Jtj;jpy; mth;fs; cs;thq;fg;glhjNghJk;> epthuzk; kPs; xUq;fpizg;G jpl;lq;fis mgptpUj;jp

nra;tjpy; xJf;fg;gLk;NghJk;> ghypay; Ruz;lYf;Fk;> J];gpuNahfj;Jf;Fk; ngz;fs; ,yFthf mghaj;Jf;Fl;gL epiyahdJ kpf Nkhrkhf mjpfhpf;fpd;wJ. ,dtpUj;jp Rfhjhu Nritfis ngWk; tpilaj;jpYk; ngz;fs; tpNrl Njitfis nfhz;Ls;sdu;. FLk;gj;ijAk; ,y;yj;ijAk; ,oe;j rpWth;fs;$l Fwpg;ghf ,uhZt Ml;Nrh;g;Gf;Fl;gLk; mghaj;jpy; cs;sdh;. Ml;flj;jy; : FLk;gq;fs; ,lk;ngaUk;NghJk; gphpe;J tpLk; NghJk; rpWth;fs; mdhijahf;fg;gLk; NghJk; [PtNdhghak; mopf;fg;gLk; NghJk; ,d;DnkhU ghhpa mghakhf ,J tYtilfpwJ. fy;tp ngWtjw;fhd topKiw : xU ,aw;if mdh;j;jj;Jf;Fg; gpd;dh;> ,lk; ngah;e;j gps;isfspd; csr; r%f eyj;Jf;F kpfTk; mtrpakhdJk; chpj;JilaJkhd fy;tpapy; Vw;gLk; ,ilA+iw Fiwg;gjpy; ghlrhiyf;F rpWth;fs; cldbahf jpUk;Gjy; vd;gJ mtrpakhdJ. ghlrhiyf;Fr; r%fkspj;jy; vd;gJ Ml;flj;jy; ,uhZt Ml;Nrh;g;G Nghd;w mghaq;fSf;F rpWth;fs; cl;gL epiyia Fiwf;fty;yJ. ghlrhiy fl;llq;fspy; ,lk; ngah;e;Njhh; jQ;rkile;Js;s Ntisfsp;Yk;> ,lk;ngauh kw;Wk; ,lk;ngah;e;j rpWth;fs; fy;tp ngWtjpy; jilfs; Vw;gLfpd;wd. kpfg;nghUj;jkhd jw;fhypf jq;Fkplq;fspy; ,lk; ngah;e;j kf;fs; kPs;Fbakh;j;jg;gLjy; vd;gJ ,lk;ngah;e;j kf;fspy; gps;isfSf;F khj;jpuky;y Vida gue;j r%fj;jpd; gps;isfSf;Fk; fy;tp trjp fpilg;gjw;fhd tha;g;ig jpwe;J tpLfpd;wJ. Mtzq;fis njhiyj;jy; : Mtzq;fs; ,y;yhik vd;gJ Rfh jhu> fy;tp Vida mj;jpahtrpa nghJ Nritfs; kWf;fg;gLtjw;Fk;> clikfSf;fhd el;l<l;il toq;Fk; fl;likg;Gf;fs; mjid toq;f kWg;gjw;Fk; ,l;Lr; nry;yyhk;. gjpy; Mtzq;fis ngWjy; vd;gJ $l f];lkhdJk; Neuj;ij vLg;gJkhFk;. ,Ue;jNghjpYk; gjpy; Mtzk; ngWk; cupik cs;sf ,lk;ngah;e;NjhUf;F cs;sJ. cs;sf ,lk;ngah;e;Njhhpd; gq;Nfw;G : cs;sf ,lk;ngah;e;Njhh; KbntLj;jypy; jhk; Gwf;fzpf; fg;gLtjhf czu tha;g;Gz;L. cjhuzkhf Kfhk;fs;> FbNaw;wk; Nghd;wtw;wpd; ,lk; tbtikg;G> cjtp gfph;e;jspf;fg;gLk; tpjk;> toq;fg;gLk; czT kw;Wk; nghUl;fspd; tiffs;> md;whl tho;tpy; ikakhfTs;s Vida tpilaq;fs; vd;gdtw;iw Fwpg;gplyhk;. ,it kdpj Nea cjtp fspd; tpisTj;jhf;fj;ij Fiwj;J kjpg;gpLtjw;Fk;> ,lk;ngah;e;Njhhpd; Fwpg;ghf ngz;zpd; cly; ghJfhg;ig mghaj;Jf;Fs;shf;Ftjw;Fk; ,aw;if Ngudh;j;jj;jhy; cUthf;fg;gl;l Mjutw;w epiyia mjpfupf;fr; nra;tjw;Fk; ,l;Lr;nry;yyhk;.

FMR Rdhkp

,aw;ifg; NguopTfSk; cs;sf ,lk;ngah;eN ; jhh; chpikfSk;

Ra kPs; jpUk;gYk; kPs; FbNaw;wKk;: Ngudh;j;jj;jpd; mtrufhy epiy kiwe;jjpw;Fg; gpd;dh; ,lk;ngah;e;Njhh; jkJ tho;it kPsf; fl;bnaOg;g toikahfNt mth;fSf;F cjtp Njitg;gLk;. ,jid ,yFgLj;JtJ Njrpa mjpfhupfspdJ Kjy; flikAk; nghWg;GkhFk;. trjptha;g;Gf;fis cUthf;Ftjd; %yKk; mNjNtis mjw;fhd top tiffis toq;Ftjd; %yKk;> ghJfhg;ghfTk; nfsutkhfTk; jkJ nrhe;j ,lq;fSf;F kPs; jpUg;Gtjw;Nfh my;yJ ehl;bd; ,d;DnkhU gFjpapy; FbNaWtjw;Nfh cjTtjd;%yKk; kPs; ,izg;ig Vw;gLj;Jtjw;F Njitahd epge;jidfis cUthf;Ftjd; %yKk; nra;ayhk;. tPLfis kPsf;fl;Ltjw;Fk; Vida cs;sf fl;Lkhdq;fis Nkw;nfhs;tjw;Fk; Nkyjpfkhf> Kd;ida [Pthjhuj;ij fl;b vOg;gtjd; %yKk;> (rpije;j tptrha epyq;fis> tpahghu nrhj;Jf;fis> kPd;gpb glFfs; vd;gtw;wpid GdUj;jhuzk; nra;jy;) tUkhdj;Jf;fhd Gjpa %yq;fis mgptpUj;jp nra;tjw;Fkhd gapw;rp cjtp toq;Ftjd; %yKk;> ,lk; ngah;e;Njhiu ,aYkhdth;fshf;Ftjw;F cjTtij ,J fUJfpwJ.

Rdhkp jhf;fpa gpuhe;jpaq;fspy;> kPs; fl;Lkhd kPl;rp Kaw;rpfs; kdpj cupik ika mZFKiwf;$lhf cWjpg;gLj;jg;glNtz;Lk xU Ngudh;j;jj;Jf;Fg; gpd; kPs; fl;Lkhdj;Jf;F jil nra;ag;gl;l ‘jil tiyaq;fs;’ my;yJ ‘tpyf;fg;gl;l tiyaq;fs;’ Nghd;w gpuNjrq;fis murhq;fq;fs; gpufldg;gLj;j tpUk;gyhk;. ,j;jifa jPh;khdq;fs;> ,lk;ngah;e;Njhhpd; elkhLk; Rje;jpuj;ijAk; rpy ,lq;fspy; nrhj;JhpikiaAk; tho;f;ifia nfhz;L elj;Jtjw;fhd jpwikapd; kl;bYk; gy rpf;fy;fis Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd. vq;F mjpfhu gPlk; tpyf;fg;gl;l tiyayq;fs; rl;lG+h;tkhf mKy;gLj;jg;glNtz;Lk; vd;W jPh;khdkhf ,Uf;fpwNjh> mq;F mj;jifa jPHkhdq;fs; ,lk; ngah;e;NjhUldhd neUf;fkhd fye;jhNyhridfSf;$lhfNt vLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,lk;ngah;e;Njhh; clikfSf;F el;l<L ngWt Jld; cjtp> epyk; Nghd;w tr jpis ,d;DnkhU ,lj;jpy; jkJ [PtNdhghaj;ij fl;bnaOg;Gtjw;Fk;> kPs; Fbakh;j;jYf;fhd ,Ug;gplj;ijAk; ngWjy; Ntz;Lk;. ,j;jifa jPh;khdq;fs; Fwpg;gpl;l ,d> rka kw;Wk; Vida FOf;fSf;nfjpuhd ghugl;rj;ij Vw;gLj;jf;$lhnjd;gJ mj;jpahtrpak;. mj;Jld; MAj Kuz;ghL> ,df;fytuk; fhuzkhf Vw;fdNt ,lk;ngah;e;j kf;fs; thOk; ,lq;fis ,aw;if mdh;j;jk; jhf;fpaJ Nghd;w tpj;jpahrkhd #o;epiyapy;> ,lk; ngah;e;jth;fs; kPJk; ghugl;rk; fhl;lf;$lhJ. kWgf;fj;jpy;> cs;sf ,lg;ngah;e;Njhh; jkJ ,lg;ngah;T fhyk; jho;j;jg;gl;ljhNyh my;yJ ,d;DnkhU ,lj;jpy; jkJ tho;it kPsf; fl;b vOg;gj; njhlq;fp ,Ue;jjd;

epkpj;jNkh> jkJ nrhe;j ,lq;fSf;Fj; jpUk;Gtjpy;iy vd;w njhpit Nkw;nfhs;syhk;. Ngudh;j;jj;jhy; cUthd myq;Nfhy epiyf;Fg; gpd;dh;> toikf;Fj; jpUk;gptpl;lJ vd rpy milahsq;fis fhl;b kPs; jpUk;Gjiy kpf tpiuthf;Ftjw;F rpyNtis mjpfhuj; jug;ghh; kpf mq;fyha;ghf ,Uf;fyhk;. ,Ue;jNghjpYk;> jkJ nrhe;j ,lq;fSf;F jpUk;Gtjh my;yJ Ntnwq;fhfpYk; kPs; FbNaWtjh vd;w njhpit Nkw;nfhs;Sk; ,lk;ngah;e;Njhhpd; chpikf;F mjpfhhpfs; kjpg;gspf;f Ntz;Lk;. mj;Jld; ve;jtifahd kPs; xz;wpizg;Gf;fhd mth;fsJ njhpTf;Fk; cjTjy; Ntz;Lk;. clik gpur;rpidfs; : vy;iyfSf;Fg; gad;gLj;jpa milahsq;fq;fis mbj;Jr; nrd;w ,lq;fspYk; epyk; jkf;Fhpanjd;gij ep&gpf;Fk; Mtzq;fis ,oe;j FbapUg;ghsh;fisf; nfhz;l ,lq;fspYk; ghJfhf;J itf;fg;gl;l Mtzq;fs; mbj;Jr; nry;yg;gl;l ,lq;fspYk; ,aw;if Ngudh;j;jk; nrhj;Jlikrhu;e;j tpNrl gpur;ridfis Njhw;Wtpj;Js;sd. gjpT nra;jy;> re;jjptop nrhj;Jlik Nghd;wtw;wpd; xOq;F tpjpfs; ngz;fSf;nfjpuhf ghugl;rj;ij fhl;Ltjdhy; mth;fs; nrhj;Jf;fis kPsg;ngWtjw;F (mjpYk; Fwpg;ghf mth;fsJ fztd;khh; nfhy;yg;gl;bUg;gpd;) kpff;f];lq;is vjpu;Nehf;f Ntz;bAk; cs;sJ. nrhj;Jf;Nfhuy;fis ifahs kj;jpa];jk; toq;Fj;njhLif tirTj;jd;ik nghUe;jpa jPh;TNkw;nfhs;sy; Nghd;wdtw;Wf;fhd mjpfhuj;ij nfhz;l xU mw;gzpg;G kpf;f eph;thf fl;likg;ig cUthf;Fjy; vd;gJ nghpa mstpyhd nrhj;Jr; rpf;fiy ifahs;tjw;fhd tpidj;jpwd; kpf;fnjhU topKiw vd;gij fle;jfhy mDgtk; fhl;LfpwJ. ,lg;ngah;tpd; tpisthf vOe;j nrhj;Jr; rpf;fy; gpur;ridia jPh;j;jy; vd;gJ> ePz;Lnfhz;L nry;Yk; mrkj;Jtj;ij my;yJ gjpT nra;tjpy; cs;s tpidj;jpwdpd;ikia ifahs;tjw;Fk;> Njr toik chpikfs; kw;Wk; ghuk;ghpak; my;yhj chpj;Jlik Mjhuk; vd;gd ftdj;jpy; vLf;fg;gLfpd;wd vd;gij cWjpg;gLj;Jk; rl;lq;fisAk; nfhs;iffisAk; khw;wp mikg;gjw;Fk; xU tha;g;ghff;$l ,J mikayhk;.

epiwT muRfSk; rh;tNjr epWtdq;fSk; mur rhh;gw;w epWtdq;fSk; cs;sf ,lk;ngah;e;Njhh;fSf;fhd kPs; fl;Lkhdk;> kPs; xd;wpizg;G Nghd;w epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lq;fis mgptpUj;jp nra;J mKyhf;Fk;NghJ> jhk; gpuNahfpf;ff;$ba kdpj chpikfs; Njitg;ghl;Lf;fikthd ghugl;rkw;w jPh;Tfis NjlNtz;Lk;. ‘ghJfhg;G fz;zhbfs;’ Clhf ,lk;ngah; #o;epiyia mZfp Muha;e;J nray;gl Aj;jk; fhuzkhf ,lk;ngau;e;Njhu; ,aw;if Ngudh;j;jj;jpdhy; ,lk;ngah;e;Njhiutpl ve;jtifapYk; Fiwthd Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy. Rdhkp ghjpj;j ehLfSf;F ehd; Nkw;nfhz;l Ntiy gazq;fspd;NghJ> ,aw;if

Ngudh;j;jq;fSf;F xU gjpypWg;ig mgptpUj;jp nra;J mKyhf;Ftjpy; kdpj chpikfs; ika mZFKiwf;fhd Njitg;ghl;bd; kl;by; xU rhjfkhd gjpiyNa fhzf;$bajhf ,Ue;jJ. Kf;fpakhdit

 muRfs;> Njrpa kPs; fl;Lkhdk;> kPs; ,izg;ghf;fk; rhh;e;j epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lq;fis tFf;ifapy; topfhl;ly; Nfhl;ghLfs; ftdj;jpy; nfhs;sg;gly; Ntz;Lk;. mit> MAjg; Nghh; #o;epiyapy; khj;jpuky;y ,aw;if Ngudh;j;jr; #o;epiyapYk; rkkhf gpuNahfpf;ff;$ba topfhl;liy toq;Ffpd;wd.  ,d> kj> r%f> ghy;epiy Nghd;w gpd;dzpnfhz;l tpj;jpahrkhd FOf;fSf;fpilapyhd Kd;ida Kuz;ghLfs; fhuzkhf ,lk;ngah;;e;jth;fl;F vjpuhd ghugl;rk; fhl;lhj toptiffSf;$lhf epjptoq;Fdh;fs; epjp toq;Ftjw;fhd jkJ nghWg;gpd;kl;by; ,d;Dkjpfkhd tpopg;Gzh;it ngw Ntz;Lk;.  kPs Fbakh;j;jiy eph;tfpj;jy;> kdpj Nea cjtpfis gfph;e;jspj;jy; ,lk;ngah;Tfis jhf;Fg;gpbf;ff;$ba jPh;Tfis fhzy; Nghd;wtw;Wld; njhlu;Ggl;l ve;jj; jPh;tpYk; ,lk;ngah;e;Njhh; Fwpg;ghf ngz;fs; cs;thq;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.  Njrpa kdpj chpikfs; Mizf;FO> cs;sf ,lk;ngah;e;Njhhpd; #o;epiyfis fz;fhzpf;fTk; mt;thW nra;tjw;fhd nghWg;Gs;s Kiwik xd;W cUthf;fg;gL tjw;Fkhd Cf;fKk;; cjtpAk; nfhLf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.  Ieh kdpj chpikfSf;fhd cah;];jhdpfUk; kdpj Nea mYty;fis xUq;fpizf;Fk; Iehtpd; mytyfKk; ,ize;J fsj;jpYs;s epWtdq;fSf;fpilapyhd epue;ju rigf;F eilKiw eltbf;if topfhl;b xd;iw toq;Fk; tz;zk; ,aw;if mdh;j;j #o;epiyf;fhd kdpj chpikfspd; kl;by; xU topfhl;ly; ifNal;il mgptpUj;jp nra;a Ntz;Lk;.

Nthy;lh; fhypd; cs;sf ,lk;ngah;e;Njhhpd; kdpj chpikfSf;fhd I.eh nrayhsh; ehafj;jpd; gpujpepjpAk;. G&f;fpy;]; - Ngh;s; cs;sf ,lk;ngah;e;j epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lj;jpd; ,iz ,af;FdUk;> Rtpw;yryhe;J Ngh;s; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; ahg;G kw;Wk; rh;tNjr rl;lq;fSf;fhd NguhrphpaUkhthh;. kpd; mQ;ry; : walter. kaelin@oefre.unibe.ch. khh;r; 2005 ,y; ,th; Mrpahtpw;fhd gzpg;gazj;ij Nkw;nfhz;lhh;. gpd;tUk; ,iza jsj;jpy; mt; mwpf;if fpilf;Fk;. www.brookings.edu/ dybdocroot/fp/ projects/idp/20050227_tsunami.pdf. epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lk; gw;wpa Nkyjpf jfty;fSf;F www.brook.edu/fp/projects/idp/idp.htm kpd; mQ;ry; : brookings-bern@brookings.edu 1. www.unhcr.ch/html/menu2/7/b/principles_lang.htm

FMR Rdhkp

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kDty; fhHgy;Nyh> gpwad; `Py;

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FMR Rdhkp

Rdhkpf;Fg; nghJr; Rfhjhu gjpypWg;G - ehk;

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vd;d fw;Ws;Nshk;?

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gz;lh Mr;Nrapy;> XH cs;sf ,lk;ngau; Kfhkpy; rpd;dk;ikj; jLg;g+rp Vw;wg;gLk; 15 taJ gw;wpah

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Emily Will/MCC/ACT International

tpy;> Nehahsp  fSld;> YAKKUM mtrufhyg; gpuptpd; itj;jpaH rhup Kl;bah jpKH 

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vd;d fw;Ws;Nshk;?

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FMR Rdhkp

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FMR Rdhkp

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kp fg; ghhpa epyj;jpUl;L

FMR Rdhkp

Scott Leckie

,yq;ifapy;> tPLfs; epkpu;e;J epd;w ,lq;fs;

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];nfhl; ypAfp> tPl;Lhpikfs; kw;Wk; rl;lg;gb ntspNaw;wj;Jf;fhd epiyaj;jpd; ,af;FdUk; (COHRE www.cohre.org) Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd; ,yq;ifapYk; khiyjPtpYk; tPlikg;G> fhzp> nrhj;Jhpikfs; rhHe;j gpur;ridfspy; gzpGhpe;jtUk; MthH. kpd; mQ;ry; : scott@cohre.org COHRE MdJ> Rdhkp jhf;fpa ehLfspy; kPs; epHkhz epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lq;fspy; ,lk;ngWk; kdpj chpikfs; J];gpuNahfq;fSf;fhd fz;fhzpg;G mYtyfj;ij mz;ikapy; nfhOk;gpy; mikj;Js;sJ. njhlHGfSf;F : bret@cohre.org

FMR Rdhkp

Vida neUf;fbfSf;fhd epjpaspj;jiy Rdhkp ghjpj;Js;sjh?

nuhgp yhd;]h;

ida mtrufhy epiyikfSf;fhd epjpia Rdhkp jpir jpUg;gptpl;lJ vd mNdf cjtpg; gzpahsh;fs; jkJ ftiyia ntspapl;Ls;sdh;. ,Nj khjphpahd gak; vg;Nghnjy;yhk; ghhpa mtru fhyepiy vOfpd;wNjh mg;Nghnjy;yhk; vOe;Js;sJ. Mdhy; mit epahag;gLj; jg;gLfpd;wdth? ,f;fl;Liuia tiuAk; [{d; 03 ,y;> gpujhd I.eh. epWtdq;fspdJk; mur rhh;gw;w epWtdq;fspdJk; epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fis Nfhbl;Lf;fhl;ba I.eh. tpd; mtru tpz;zg;gKk; jpul;ba tpz;zg;gq;fSk; 41% epjpia ngw;wd vd I.eh.tpd; epjpj; jpl;l Nrit1 mwptpj;J. ,e;J rKj;jpu epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lk; rkepiyg;ghq;fpypUe;J tpyfpaNghJ> epjp toq;fy; mw;gkhf 25%f;F fPopwq;fpaJ. mNjNghy; fle;j tUlk; lhG+h; khdpyj;Jf;F cyf ftdk; jpUk;Gtjw;F Kd;dh;> mtru tpz;zg;gj;Jf;Fk; jpul;ba tpz;zg;gq;fSf;Fk; 23% f;F epjp cjtp mspf;fg;gl;ld. xNu ghh;itapy; Nehf;fpd;> nrd;w tUlj;ijtpl ,t;tUlk; epjpAjtp rpwpJ NtWgl;ljhf njd;gLfpwJ. mj;Jld; N[h;kdp> [g;ghd;> Nehh;Nt> mnkhpf;fh Nghd;w gpujhd epjp toq;Fk; ehLfs; Vida gpur;rpidfSf;F epjp toq;Ftjpy; rpwpJ guthapy;iy vdyhk;. mNj Ntis xU tUlj;Jf;F Kd;du; ,Ue;jij tpl cah;thf ,Uf;fpd;wd. cz;ikapy; Vid gpur;ridfSf;F epjp toq;fy; xU ey;y nra;jpahf cs;sJ NghYs;sJ. my;yJ mt;thW njd;gLfpwNjh? Vida gpur;rpidfSf;F epjpaspg;gij Rdhkp jpir jpUg;gtpy;iynad KbTf;F tUKd;dh;> 2004 Mz;Lld; xg;gpLk;NghJ ,t;tUlj;jpy; fpilf;ff;$ba kdpj Nea epjpapd; msit ehk; ftdj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 2005 ,y; ,d;Wtiu Vuhskhd gzk;> cjtp epWtdq;fSf;F fpilf;ff;$bajhf ,Ue;jjw;F Rdhkpf;F ed;wp. mNjNtis Rdhkp epjpia ftdj;jpy; vLf;fhj NghjpYk;$l> 2004 ,y; ,Nj fhyg;gFjpapy; fpilf;ff;$bajhapUe;j 697 kpy;ypaDld; xg;gpLk; NghJ ,t;tUlk; 847 kpy;ypad; lhyh; vd;gJ mjpfkhdNj. mjpfhpj;J tUk; ftdpg;ghuw;w gy;NtWgl;l mtrufhy epiyikfSf;F Mf 417 kpy;ypad; lhyh;fis khj;jpuk; tpl;Ltpl;L> ,t;tUlj;jpd; nkhj;jj;jpy; miuthrpg; gq;F #lhDf;FhpajhfpAs;sJ. fle;j tUl ,Nj fhyg; gFjpia tpl 2005 ,y; Kjy; 5 khj fhyg;gFjpapy;> kj;jpa Mgphpf;f FbauR> rhl;> nrr;dpah> vhpj;jphpah> fthdh> Nrhkhypah> Nkw;F Mgphpf;fh Nghd;w ehLfs; Fiwe;j gzj;ij ngw;Ws;sd. mq;Fs;s kf;fs; xU tUlj;Jf;F Kd; ,Ue;jijtpl kpf NkhrkhfNt ,d;Ws;sdu;. 2005f;fhd 21 tpz;zg;gq;fspy; ruhrhp epjp toq;fy; 25% khj;jpuNk ,Uf;f> nkhj;j tpz;zg;gq;fspy; 11> 20% f; Ff; Fiwthd epjpia ngw;wd. 1992 ,y; ,Ue;J> ,j;jifa tpz;zg;gq;fs; tUlj;ij G+h;j;jpnra;Ak;Ntis ruhrhp ahf 67% epjpia khj;jpuk; nfhz;bUf;f epjp toq;fy; Neuf;fzpg;G rhu;e;j

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Mgphpf;fhtpd; rpy ehLfSf;fhd ngwg;gl;l Kd;nkhopTfspd; vz;zpf;if ,t;tUlj;jpy; Fiwthf cs;sJ vd xU gpujhd epjp toq;Fdh; $wpAs;shh;.

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nuhgp yhd;]h; Kd;id ehs; mfjpfs; Ma;T epiya tUifju cldpUg;ghsUk; n[dpth X. rp. vr;. V. ,y; jpul;ba tpz;zg;gg; gbKiw Kiwf;fhd jiytUk; Mthh;. Ra jw;Wzptpy; ,f;fl;Liu tiuag;gl;Ls;sJ. kpd; mQ;ry; : lanzer@un.org 1. www.reliefweb.int/fts 2. www.reliefweb.int/ghd

FMR Rdhkp

If;fpa ,uhr;rpaj;jpd; rHtNjr mgptpUj;jpf;fhd jpizf;fsk; (DFID) Rdhkp gjpypWg;ig kPsha;T nra;fpd;wJ

Nltpl; n`hNuhgpd;

f;fpa ,uhr;rpaj;jpd; rHtNjr mgptpUj;jpf;fhd jpizf;fsk;

(DFID) Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd fhyj;jpy; cldbahf mz;zsthf xj;Jf;nfhz;l 68 kpy;ypad; gTz;fs; epthuz cjtpf;fhd Ntiyj;jpl;lj;ij jw;NghJ jpl;lkpl;Ls;sJ. jdJ kdpj Neag; gjpypWg;G kPsha;T G+u;j;jpahf;fg; glhjNghjpYk; Kd;$l;ba ghlq;fs; ngwg;gl;Ls;sd.

gz;lh Mr;Nrf;F epthuzg; nghUl;fis glfpy; nfhz;L nry;yy;

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epjp cjtpfis toq;fpAs;Nshk;. nrQ;rpYit> nrk;gpiw rq;fj;Jf;F 35 kpy;ypad; gTz; toq;fg;gl;lJ. gphpj;jhdpahtpd; 13 Kd;dzp epjp cjtp epWtdq;fisg; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk; NguopTfs; mtrufhy epiyfSf;fhd nraw;FOthy; xOq;F nra;ag;gl;l 26 tpkhd njhFjp epthuz nghUl;fSf;fhd nrytpdq;fis nrYj;jpNdhk;.1 mtrufhy epiy fhzg;gl;l fhyg; gFjpapy;> bgpl; Vuhskhd gpur;rpidfis ,dk; fz;lJ. Rkhj;jpuhtpd; Nkw;Ff; fiuapy; ghjpf;fg;gl;ltHfis tpNrlkhf ftdj;jpnyLj;jhy; mq;F juTfs; kpfTk; tiuaWj;Jf; fhzg;gl;ld. cs;SH mtrufhy Kfhikj;Jt fl;likg;Gf;fs; kpfTk; gytPdkhf ,Ue;jd. rpy Fwpg;gpl;l Jiwfspy; Kd;dzptfpj;j ntsp epWtdq;fs; gw;wp Fog;g epiy ,Ue;jJ. Iehtpd; mtru tpz;zg;gk; jhkjkhf jahhpf;fg;gl;bUe;jJld; Kiwahd fl;likg;ig nfhz;buhjJ Nghd;Wk; njd;gl;lJ. jFjptha;e;j kw;Wk; mDgtkpf;f Mszp gw;whf;Fiwahy;; epWtdq;fs; mtjpAw;wd. bgpl; ,dhy; cjtpaspf;fg;gl;l gz;lh Mr;Nr kw;Wk; nfhOk;gpd; kdpjNea jfty; ikaq;fs; kpftpiuthf cUthf;fg;gltpy;iy. Nguoptpw;Fg; gpd;duhd 6 khjq; fspy; bgpl; jhd; epjp toq;fpa epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fis Mokhf cw;WNehf;FtJld; mtw;wpd; Nghf;ifAk; njhlHr;rpahf mtjhdpj;J tUfpd;wJ. ,e;NjhNdrpah> ,yq;if> ,e;jpah> khiyjPT Nghd;w ehLfspy; Kd;Ndw;wj;ij ghpNrhjpf;Fk; fz;fhzpg;Gg; gzpapd; ,ileLtpy; ehk; jw;NghJ cs;Nshk;. Kiwahd mbg;gil trjpfSlDk;> ePH kw;Wk; Vida Rfhjhuk;> fy;tp trjpAlDk;> tho;itAk; tho;thjhuj;ijAk; vjpHfhy Ngujph;rpapYk;$l jhf;Fg;gpbf;fty;y ,aYikia kPs fl;bnaOg;Gk; kPs; tskhf;fg;gl;l rhjdq;fSlDk;> epue;jukhf kf;fs; FbakHj;jg;gl ,d;Dk; epiwaNt nra;aNtz;b cs;snjd;gij ehk; mwpe;Nj cs;Nshk;. fw;wiyAk; xUq;fpizg;igAk; mgptpUj;jp nra;aty;y rpwe;j kdpj

Nea epjp toq;F ghq;Fldhd Kd;tUjy; kl;by; jdJ flg;ghLfis bgpl; ed;whf czu;e;Js;sJ. vkJ Rdhkp eltbf;iffis> gue;j tprhykhd kdpjNeag; gjpypWg;G kPs;ghHitf;$lhd fzpg;gPl;il jw;NghJ ehk; nghWg;Ngw;WtUfpNwhk;. mtw;wpd; ngWNgWfs; Vida epjp toq;FdHfSlDk; gfpHe;J nfhs;sg;gl cs;sd. epjp eltbf;iffSf;fhd KfhikahsHfspd; $l;lnkhd;Wk; jpl;lkplg;gl;Ls;sJ. tphpthd tpje;Jiufs; ntsptu yhk;. Mdhy; vdJ Ra ghHitf; Nfhzj;jpypUe;J> gpd;tUtdtw;Wf;fhd Njitfis gw;wp Rdhkp fw;gpj;Js;sJ vd ehd; ek;Gfpd;Nwd;.  Iehtpd; xOq;fikg;gidj;ijAk; ClWj;j xU nghJthd nfhs;tdT> tpdpNahfk; kw;Wk; ifahsy; Nrit xOq;fikg;G.  Iehtpd; mDgtk;kpf;f kdpj Nea xUq;fpizg;ghsHfs; Kd;Ndw;wfukhd tYT+l;liy nfhz;bUj;jy;.  Ieh kw;Wk; INuhg;gpa xd;wpaj;ij gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk; NguopTf;fhd gjpypWg;G mgptpUj;jp nra;ag;gly;.  Iehtpd; ghupa xUq;fpizg;ig Kd;Ndw;Wk; tz;zk; INuhg;gpa xd;wpak; xU xUq;fikg;G fl;likg;ig cUthf;Fjy;.  ,uhZt kw;Wk; rptpy; kdpj Nea gzpahsHfSf;fpilapy; xUq;fpizTf;fhd njspthd topfhl;ly;fs;.  kdpjNea mYtyfHfSf;fhd Kd;Ndw;wfukhd njhopy;rhH gpukhzq;fSk; jifikf; fl;Lkhdq;fSk;.  epjp toq;FdHfSf;fpilapy; Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l nghJthd eltbf;ifrhH ,yf;Ffs;.

Nltpl; n`huhgpd; bgpl; ,d; Kuz;ghL kw;Wk; kdpjNea mYty;fs; jpizf;fsj;jpd; eltbf;iffs; mzp ,af;FduhthH. kpd;dQ;ry;: D-Horobin@dfid.gov.uk. ,f;fl;Liu> bgpl;bd; my;yJ If;fpa ,uhr;rpa murpd; fUj;Jf;fis gpujpgypf;fhky; jw;Wzptpd; mbg;gilapy; tiuag;gl;Ls;sJ. 1. www.dec.org.uk

UNICEF/Josh Estey

FMR Rdhkp – ,e;NjhNdrpah

Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd Mr;Nrapy; cs;sf ,lk; ngaHe;Njhiu miljy;

FNshbah `l;];Ngj;

Rdhkpahy;> Mr;Nr khfhzj;jpy; kf;fs; njhifapy; 12% Mr;NrapdH mjhtJ miu kpy;ypad; kf;fs; cs;sf ,lk; ngaHe;NjhuhfpdH. kdpj Nea nraw;ghl;lhsHfSf;F> ,tHfis nrd;wiljy; vd;gJ ghupa rthyhf ,Ue;jJ. vjpHfhyj;jpy; Vw;glf;$ba mtrufhy epiyikfspy; cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;Njhiu nrd;wilAk; topfis Kd;Ndw;w> gy Kf;fpa ghlq;fis ,jpypUe;J ehk; fw;f KbAk;.

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FMR Rdhkp – ,e;NjhNdrpah

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nrd;wila Kl;Lf;fl;ilahf cs;s r%fj; jilfs; mNdf cs;sf ,lk;ngah;e;Njhh;> Vw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; FLk;gq;fsplj;jpy; Gfyplk; ngWtjhYk; mth;fsJ

UNICEF/HQ050143/Jim Holmes

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FMR Rdhkp – ,e;NjhNdrpah fw;w ghlq;fs;

UNICEF/HQ050320/Josh Estey

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fpnsbah `l;];ngj; (mfjpfs; fw;if epiyag; gl;ljhhpAk; kUj;JtUk;) A+dpnrg; ,d; mtrufhy eltbf;iffSf;fhd gjpypWg;Gg;gzpapd; ,izg;ghsh; Mthh;. Nguoptpd; gpd; Kjy; %d;W khjq;fSf;fhd jdJ epWtdj;jpd; Mr;Nr cg mYtyfj;jpd; nghWg;ghsuhf nray;gl;lhh;. kpd; mQ;ry; : chudspeth@unicef.org ,f;fl;Liu mtuJ jw;Wzptpy; tiuag;gl;Ls;sJld; A+dpnrg; ,d; fUj;Jf;fis gpujpgypf;ftpy;iy. 1. www.humanitarianinfo.org/sumatra

gz;lh Mr;Nrapy; cs;sf ,lk;ngau;e;Njhu; Kfhkpy; Adpnrg; MjuT rpWtH epiyak;

FMR Rdhkp – ,e;NjhNdrpah

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FMR Rdhkp – ,e;NjhNdrpah cWjpg;gLj;jg;gLkhapd;; jhk; epue;ju Ntw;wpl FbakHj;jYf;F ,zf;fKbAk; vd xU cs;sf ,lk; ngaHe;jtH $wpdhH. ,lk;ngaHe;Njhupy; mNefH jkJ nrhe;j fpuhkq;fSf;F mUfpy; cs;s gpuNjrq;fspy; jw;fhypfkhfNth my;yJ epue;jukhfNth Ntwpl FbakHjYf;fhd jkJ gykhd Mjuit Rl;bf;fhl;bAs;sdH. nfhl;liffspy; tho;tjpy;iy vd;w ,Wf;fkhd mthit ntspg;gLj;jpAk; cs;sdH. Mr;NrapdH mtHfsJ jw;rhHG jd;dk;gpf;iff;F ngau;NghdtHfs;. gjpypWj;jtHfspy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk;gbahd tpfpjj;jpdH kuk;> rPNke;J Nghd;w fl;lg;nghUl;fis ngwNt tpUk;Gfpd;wdH vd $wpdH. mtHfs; [Pthjhu cjtpfisNa mOj;jpf; Nfl;ldH. NeHKfk; fz;ltHfspy; 4%

Ntwplf; Fbaku;j;jiy FLk;gq;fs; kpff; fLikahf vjpu;f;fpd;wd

Fritz Institute

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cs;sf ,lk; ngaHe;NjhH Mr;Nr ,y; Kfhk;fSf;Fs; Klf;fk; 23 cj;jpNahf g+Ht mwpTWj;jy;fis vf;fhyj;jpYk; rhJthf Vw;Wf; nfhs;Sk; xU r%jhaj;jpy; ,tHfsJ vjpHg;G xU mg+HtkhdjhFk;. ,Ue;j NghjpYk; jkJ fpuhkq;fistpl;L ntspNaw kWg;gtHfSf;F cjtp toq;fhjpUf;f ,uhZtj;jpw;F nfhLj;j mjpfhuj;jpdhYk; murpDila cWjpg;ghl;bdhYk; vjpHg;ig njhlHtJ ,yFthdjhf ,Uf;Fg; Nghtjpy;iy. murpd; nfhs;ifahdJ NkypUe;J fPo; Nehf;fpa jd;ikiaAk;> jkJ ,yf;fpdhy; ce;jg;gLtjhfTk;> gq;fspg;Gf;F vt;tpj ,lj;ijAk; mDkjpf;fhjjhfTk; cs;sJ. Ntw;wpl FbakHjy; epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lj;jpw;F nghWg;ghf cs;stHfs; fl;lhakhf gpd;tUtdtw;wpy; ftdk; nrYj;jNtz;Lk;.  nrhe;jf; fpuhkq;fSf;F vt;tsT mUfpy; nfhl;by;fis mikf;f KbANkh mt;tsT mUfhf mikg;gJld; njhopy; tha;g;Gf;fs; fpilf;ff;$ba Rw;Wtl;liff;Fs; FbakHj;Jjy;.  nfhlby;fs; mikf;Fk;> epHtfpf;Fk; gbKiwf;Fs; rpwe;e xopT kiwtw;w jd;ikia mwpKfk; nra;jy;.  vt;tsT tpiuthf jkJ nrhe;j ,Ug;gplq;fSf;F jpUk;g KbANkh mt;tsT tpiuthf jpUk;Gk; mthit nfhz;bUg;gjw;fhd cupj;Jilikia mtHfs; nfhz;Ls;sdu; vd;gij Vw;Wf; nfhs;sy;.  cs;sf ,lg; ngaHTrhH toppfhl;ly; Nfhl;ghLfspd; mbg;gilapy; ,lk; ngaHe;NjhH mtHfsJ KOikahd ntspg;gLj;jg;gl;l

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cld;ghl;Lld; khj;jpuNk Ntw;wpl FbakHf;fYf;Fl;gl KbAk; vd;gij kjpj;jy;. ed;F epiy epWj;jg;gl;l r%f $Wfspd; xUq;fpizg;igAk; ,ize;jpU jd;ikiaAk; cWjp nra;a mjpfk; njhopw;gly;. mbg;gil NritfisAk; cs;sf fl;Lkhdq;fisAk; GJg;gpf;fTk; kPs; jpUk;giy ,yF gLj;jTk; xU xOq;fikg;igf; filg;gpbj;jYk; gfpuq;fg;gLj;jYk;. Rdhkpahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l FLk;gf; fl;likg;gpy; khw;wq;fis ftdj;jpnyLj;J [PtNdhgha cjtp nraw;ghLfSf;F cjTjy;. vjpHfhy ,aw;if NgudHj;jk; gw;wpa kf;fspd; ftiyfis vLj;jhsf;$ba nghJ jfty;fisAk; fy;tpiaAk; toq;Fjy;. kPs; FbakHe;j r%fq;fs; NgudHj;j Maj;jk; kw;Wk; Kfhikj;Jtj;Jf;fhd tpNrlj;Jt jw;fhypf jpl;lq;fis cs;SH kl;lj;jpy; mgptpUj;jp nra;tjpy; njhlHGgl itj;jy;.

Y}f;kd; V[;> nrapd;]; kNyrpa ngdhq; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; rkhjhdj;Jf;fhd Ma;Tf;Fk; fz;fhzpg;gpw;Fkhd gpuptpd; Mr;Nr epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lj;jpid xUq;fpizg;gtH. (www.seacsn.net/regional) mj;Jld; gz;lh Mr;Nrapy; Mr;Nr Ma;T ikaj;jpd; xU Ma;thsUk;$l. www.acehinstitute.org kpd;dQ;ry;: zitkalasa2000@yahoo.com 1. www.humanitarianinfo.org/sumatra/assessments/doc/ GoI_UN-joint_assessment_report_on_relocation_sites.doc 2. http://hrw.org/english/docs/2005/02/07/indone10134.htm 3. www.iom.int/tsunami/documents/indonesia_needs_assessment.pdf

gz;lh Mr;Nr

FMR Rdhkp – ,e;NjhNdrpah

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,e;NjNdrp ahtpy;> ngz; XH gLf;if iaAk; jdJ 6 khj ngz; Foe;ijf;fhd cLg;Gf; fisAk; ngWjy;

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 Rj;jkhd kfg;Ngw;W cgfuzq;fs; nghUl;fs; mlq;fpa nghjpfis jha;khH> kUj;Jtpr;rpfs;> gad;gLj;j toq;Fjy;> Rfhjhu epiyaq;fSf;F jhjpaH gad;gLj;Jk; nghUl;fs; cgfuzq;fis toq;Fjy;> NgW fhy mtru epiyikfis rkhspf;fj;jf;f xU xOq;fikg;ig epWTjy; Nghd;w nray;ghLfspd; %yk; gpurtj;Jf;F Ke;jpa kw;Wk; gpurt Ntis ,wg;G tPjj;ij Fiwj;jy;. ,dtpUj;jp Rfhjhuk; rhHe;j mbg;gil juTfis Nrfhpj;jy;> Njit ahd nghUl;fSf;F Xlu; nfhLj;jy;> Nritia toq;Fk; ,lq;fis njhpTnra;jy;> gapw;rpj;jpl;lq;fis tbtikj;jy; mKy;gLj;jy;> Nghd;w nray;ghLfspD}lhf xd;wpizf;fg;gl;l ,dtpUj;jp Rfhjhu Nritia mbg;gil Rfhjhu guhkhpg;G NritAld; ,izf;fj;jf;fthW jpl;lkply;. 2005 khrp khj ,Wjpg;gFjpapy;> Mr;Nr khfhzj;jpy; kfspUf;fhd Mizf;FO> ,dtpUj;jp MNuhf;fpa guhkhpg;G gw;wpa xU fzpg;gPl;il elhj;jpaJ. Rdhkp Vw;gl;l xU fpoikf;Fs;> Ieh tpd; rdj;njhif epjpak; mj;jpatrpakhd ,dtpUj;jp Rfhjhu cgfuzq;fs;> nghUl;fis ,dtpUj;jp MNuhf;fpa guhkupg;G rhu;e;j fUj;Jf;fspd; mbg;gilapy; toq;fpaJld; JiwrhH gzpahsHfis mzpjpul;b gzpf;fsj;Jf;F mDg;gpAk; ,Ue;jJ. khrp khj ,Wjpg; gFjpapy; Ieh rdj;njhif epjpaj;jpd; ,dtpUj;jp Rfhjhu nrayzpf;FO thuhe;j $l;lq;fspy; rHtNjr> Njrpa cs;SH epWtdq;fsp;d; 35 gpujpepjpfs; fye;Jnfhz;L te;jdH. mtrufhy epiyikfspd; Muk;g ehl;fspy;> r%f cWg;gpdHfSf;Fk;> kUe;Jtpr;rpfs;> kUj;JtjhjpaH> Rfh jhu cj;jpNahfj;jHfs;> (Mz;> ngz;) r%fj; jiytHfs;> kdpjNea jd;dhu;tj; njhz;lHfs; MfpNahiu cs;slf;fpa FOf;fSf;fpilapy; ,lk;ngWk; fUj;J jfty; ghpkhw;wq;fspy; ftdk; nrYj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;. Ieh rdj;njhif epjpaKk; cyf Rfhjhu epWtd Kk; ,ize;J Vuhskhd fUTw;w jha;khH> khjhe;j kfg;NgW> Nra; ,wg;G> gpurtNtis ,wg;G> ,dtpUj;jp taJ Nghd;w mk;rq;fspy; mbg;gilahd juT Nrfhpg;ig Nkw;nfhz; bUe;jdH. kfspH mikg;Gf;fSldhd fye;jhNyhrid> ,lk;ngaHe;j ngz;fs; fUj;jil rhjdq;fis NfhhpapUe;jjhf Rl;bf; fhl;bdH. Njrpa FLk;gj;jpl;lkply; xd;wpak;

rd;uh fpwt;rp

kw;Wk; Vida mikg;Gf;fSldhd xd;wpiztpy;> Iehtpd; rdj;njhif epjpak; kpf tpiuthf ,j;jifa rhjdq;fis toq;fp ,Ue;jJ. ,Ue;jNghjpYk;> Iehtpd; rdj;njhif epjpaj;jpd; Mr;Nr khfhz mKyhf;fy; gq;fhsp epWtdq;fs;> ,dtpUj;jp Rfhjhu Nritfis ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fSf;F toq;Ftjpy; MHtkhf ,Ue;j NghjpYk;> Muk;g Nritf;fhd nghjpapy; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s Kd;Dhpik nray;ghLfisg;gw;wpAk; gpujhd ,yf;Ffisg;gw;wpAk; Mff;Fiwe;jsTf;NfDk; mwpe;jpUf;ftpy;iy. NeHKfk; fhzg;gl;l kdpjNea gzpahsHfspy; miuthrpg;NgH ,itgw;wp Nfs;tpAw;Ws;sdH. Mdhy; xUrpyH khj;jpuNk mjd; ,yf;FfisAk; Kd;Dhpikr; nraw;ghLfisAk; gw;wp vkf;F rhpahf tpghpj;jdH.

Fiwe;jgl;r Muk;g Nritfspd; nghjpapy; (MISP) fhzg;gLk; cs; mk;rq;fspy; cs;s FiwghLfs;. ghypay; td;Kiw gw;wpa mwpf;iffs; xuq;fl;lg;gl;lJld;> gue;j gpur;ridfis mit Rl;bf;fhl;lhjNghJk;> kdpj Nea gzpahsHfSk; mur mYtyfH fSk; ,J gw;wp mwpahjJld;; my;yJ ghypay; td;Kiwf;Fl;gl;ltHfSf;F kUj;Jt guhkhpg;ig toq;Fk; tz;zk; trjpaw;wtu;fshfTk; ,Ue;jdH. mNdf khf midj;J rHtNjr epWtdq;fSk; elj;ijrhH xOf;ff; Nfhitia nfhz;Ls;s NtisapYk; xUtH $l kPwy;fis mwpf;ifapLk; eilKiwgw;wp mwpahJs;sJld;> Vida cs;SH gq;fhsp epWtdq;fSld; ,j;jifa elj;ijrhH xOf;f Nfhit gw;wp gfpHe;J

Emily Will/MCC/ACT International

FMR Rdhkp – ,e;NjhNdrpah nfhz;lJkpy;iy. ngz;fSk; tsHe;j ngz; gps;isfSk; jq;Fkplq;fisAk; kyry$lk;> FopayiwfisAk;> mwpKfkpy;yhjtHfSlDk; Fwpg;ghf Mz;fSlDk; gfpHe;Jnfhs;tJ gw;wp jkJ mnrsfhpa czHTfis ntspg;gLj;jpdH. ghypay; td;Kiwgw;wpa mwpf;iffs; ,y;iynad;whYk;> Rfhjhu mikr;rpd; CopaHfSk; kdpjNea gzpahsHfSk; ngUkstpy; ghypay; ty;YwTf;Fl;gl;ltHfs; gw;wpa rHtNjr> Njrpa kl;l rpfpr;ir nfhs;if jpul;L gw;wp mwpahJs;sJ xU mf;fiwf;Fhpa tpilakhf ,d;Wk; cs;sJ. Mr;Nr khfhzj;jpy; 5>500 kUj;Jtpr;rpfspy; gj;J tpfpjkhd tHfs; Rdhkpapy; ,we;Jtpl;ldH. ,jd; tpisthf vOe;j ,ilntspf;F Kfk; nfhLf;f> 120 kUj;Jtpr;rpfs; [fhHj;jhtpy; ,Ue;J Mr;Nr kUj;Jt ikaq;fSf;F ,uz;L %d;W fpoik ,ilntspapy; nfhz;Ltug;gl;ldH. Rj;jkhd kf;fNgw;W cgfuzq;fs;> nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; kUj;Jt epiyaj;Jf;fhd kUj;Jtpr;rp cgfuzq;fs; Nghd;w MISP f;F cjTk; mNdf nghUl;fs; mtru fhy epiyikapy; rpy thuq;fSf;Fs; rHtNjr epWtdq;fSf;F fpilf;ff;$bajha; ,Ue;jd. ,Ue;j NghjpYk;> ghuk;ghpa kfg;Ngw;W kUj;Jtpr;rpaH gad;gLj;Jk; nghUl;fs; fpilf;ff;$bajhf ,Uf;ftpy;iy. rpy Ntisfspy; fpilj;jit$l fUTw;w ngz;fSf;Nfh my;yJ ghuk;ghpa kUj;Jtpr;rpaUf;Nfh cupa epWtdq;fshy; gfpHe;jspf;fg;gltpy;iy. Rdhkpf;F Kd;dH$l> kfg;Ngw;W ikaq;fSf;F fw;gpzpj;jha;khiu mDg;gp itg;gjw;F Kd;dhd mbg;gil mtru kfg;Ngw;W guhkhpg;ig toq;Fk; jkJ nfhs;jFjpwd; tiuaiwf;Fl;gl;L ,Ue;jnjd r%f ika kUj;Jtpr;rpfs; mwpf;ifapl;bUe;jdH.

Emily Will/MCC/ACT International

xU epWtdk; MZiwfis foQ;rpag;gLj;jp itf;Fk; ,lj;ij Maj;jk; nra;jpUe;j NghjpYk;> ghh;itaplg;gl;l epiyaq;fspy; gadhspfSf;F ntspj; njhpAk; tifapy; fpilf;ff;$bajhapUf;f

Fiwe;jgl;r epakq;fis ,dtpUj;jp MNuhf;fpag; guhkhpg;gpy; cWjpg;gLj;jy; 25 tpy;iy. mNdf epWtdq;fs; MZ iwfis ,ytrkhfTk; ,yFthfTk; fpilf;fr; nra;tjpy;iy. Vnddpy;> ,];yhkpa gz;ghl;lhsu;fshYk; Njrpa Rfhjhu mjpfhhpfshYk; ,jid nghWj;Jf;nfhs;s KbahJ vd;W rhpahfNth my;yJ gpioahfNth mtHfs; fUj jiyg;gLfpd;wdH. rpy epwtdq;fNsh MZiwfspd; gyhgyd;fspd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij mwpe;jpUf;ftpy;iy. VidatHfs; Kjy; gbahf jkJ gzpahsHfSf;F fpilf;fr; nra;tij ftdj;jpy; nfhs;s rpj;jkhf cs;sJld; vj;jifa MNyhridfisAk; jpwe;j kdj;Jld; Nehf;Ffpd;wdH. Rfhjhu mikr;R> cyf Rfhjhu epWtdk; Mfpatw;wpd; gpujpepjpfs;> vr;.I.tp njhw;Wf;fs; guthky; jLf;f kUj;Jt cgruzq;fis njhw;WePf;Fjy;> njhw;W Vw;glhky; nra;jy;> J}a;ik Nghd;w mbg;gil Rfh jhu Kd;ndr;rhpf;if eltbf;iffis iff;nfhs;Sjy; Nghd;w mk;rq;fs; Rfhjhu gzpahsHfspilNa Rdhkpf;F Kd;dH Fwpg;gpLk;gbahd Fiwghlhf ,Ue;jnjd mwptpj;jdH. ghJfhg;ghd FUjpr; nrYj;jy;> Njrpa rl;lj;jpd; xU mq;fkhf ,Ue;j NghjpYk;> midj;J FUjpAk; ed;F ghpNrhjpf;fg; gl;lNjhntd;w re;Njff;ij mNdfH ntspg;gLj;jpAs;sdu;.

KbTiu Kd;dzp epWtdj;jpdJk; nghWg;Gtha;e;j Rfhjhu ftdf; Ftpg;G ikaq;fspdJk; gpurd;dk;> xUq;fpizf;fg;gl;l ,d tpUj;jp epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lkply; kw;Wk; nghUl;fspd; fpilf;ff;$ba jd;ik vd;gdtw;iw J}z;Lfpd;wd vd;gij ,e;j fz;LzHTfs; tpghpf;fpd;wd. Mr;Nr khdpy kdpjNea gzpahsHfs; Fiwe;jgl;r Muk;g Nritfs; nghjpapd; Nfhl;ghLfs;> tpdpNahfpf;Fk; nghUl;fs; gw;wpa mjpfhpj;JtUk; tpopg;GzHit tou;j;Js;sdH. Mdhy; Gjpa mtrufhy xOq;fikg;gpy; kpjkpQ;rpa fUr;rpijT> rpR kuzk; vd;gtw;iw jLf;Fk; Nehf;Fila> gyjug;gl;l ,d tpUj;jp

Rfhjhu Nritfs; gw;wpa mwptpid> xUrpyuhtJ nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy. ,e;j fz;LzHTfs; kdpjNea gzpahsHfSf;F Fiwe;jgl;r Muk;g Nritapd; nghjpgw;wpa Kd; mtrufhy epiy gapw;rpia toq;Fk; Njitia mbf;Nfhbl;L fhl;Lfpd;wd. kfspH Mizf;FO “gad;gLj;JdH rpNdf njhiyf;fy;tpf; fiyf; $W” xd;iw cUthf;Fk; gzpia Muk;gpj;Js;sJ. mj;Jld; cyf gpugy;a nkhopfspy; mjid nkhop ngaHf;Fk; gzpapYk; <Lgl;Ls;sJ. ,f;ifNaL 2005 Gul;lhjp Kjy; fpoik mstpy; fpilf;ff;$bajhf ,Uf;Fk; (kpd;dQ;ry;: info@womenscommission.org) midj;J mtrufhy xoq;fikg;G fspYk; gadhspfSf;F Fiwe;jgl;r Muk;g Nritfs; nghjp fpilf;ff;$bajhapUg;gij cWnra;Ak; nghUl;L> kfspH Mizf;FO muRfSf;Fk;> nfhil ahsp epWtdj;jpdUf;Fk;> kdpjNea gzpahsHfSf;Fk; ce;Jjy; nfhLj;J tUfpwJ. ‘mtrufhy epiyapy; ,dtpUj;jp Rfhjhu Kd;Dhpikfs;: ,e;NjhNdrpahtpy; Rdhkpahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l gpuNjrq;fspy; Fiwe;j gl;r Muk;g Nritfs; nghjpgw;wpa fzpg;gPL’ vDk; mwpf;if kfspH Mizf;FOtpd; ,izaj;jsj;jpy; fpilf;Fk;.3

rd;uh fpwt;rp> mfjpg;ngz;fs; rpwtHfSf;fhd kfspH Mizf;FOtpd;> ,dtpUj;jp Rfhjhu epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lj;jpd; ,af;FdH. kpd;dQ;ry; : sandra@womens commission.org

1. www.womenscommission.org/projects/rh/misp%20index. shtml 2. www.sphereproject.org (Fiwe;jgl;r Muk;g Nritfspd; nghjp jw;NghJ sphere epfo;rpj;jpl;l> kdpjNea gpufldk; kw;Wk; NguopT gjpypWg;gpd; Fiwe;jgl;r msTg;gpukhzq;fs; vd;gdtw;iw cs;thq;fp cs;sJ. 3. www.womenscommission.org/pdf/id_misp_eng.pdf

FMR Rdhkp – ,e;NjhNdrpah

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ngupa rHtNjr vd; [P Xf;fSk; rpwpadTk; kdpjNea jfty; ikaj;jhy; ntspaplg;gl;l njhlHG tpguj;jpul;lhdJ

FMR Rdhkp – ,e;NjhNdrpah

,e;NjhNdrpahtpy; kdpj Nea xUq;fpizg;G: xU vd; [P X ghHit

xj;Jiog;Gf;Fk; ,ire;J nray;gLj;jYf;Fkhd nghUj;jkhd #o;epiyia cUthf;FtJk; fbdkhFk;.

jpl;lj;ij Kd;dfHj;jy;

Fritz Institute

rHtNjr kdpjNear; r%fk;> jpl;lj;ij Kd;dfHj;Jtjpy; mjpfkhd nraw;gL epiyapy; ,Uf;f Ntz;ba Njit cs;sJ. Fwpg;ghf gpd;tUk; Jiwfspy; mt;thwpUj;jy; mtrpak;.

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mtHfs; cs;thq;fg;gl;bUe;jhy; mtHfsJ gq;fspg;G ,d;Dk; ngWkhdk; kpf;f Mjuthf mike;jpUf;Fk;. cs;SH kl;lj;jpy; nfahUk; Vida vd; [P Xf;fSk; rpwpa nraw;ghl;lhsHfSld; gzpepiy cld;ghLfis Vw;gLj;j Kad;wdH. ,ul;bg;ig jtpHg;gjpYk; Nfs;tpf;Fl;gl;l epfo;r;rpj; jpl;l mZFKiwfis khw;wpr; rPuhf;FtjpYk;> mjpfhu mq;fPfhuk; mDkjpj;j ,lq;fspnyy;yhk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f mstpy; rpwg;ghf ,J nray;gl;lJ. Vida epWtdq;fis xUq;fpizf;f mjpfhu mq;fPfhuk; toq;fg;gl;l ,lq;fspy; cjhuzkhf nfhN]hNthtpy; fle;j fhyq;fspy; ,j;jifa rk;gtq;fs; epfo;e;Js;sd. Mr;Nrapy;$l ,e;j ntw;wpfukhd mZFKiw gad;gLj;jg;gl;bUf;f KbAk;.

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 jfty; Njitg;ghLfis tiuaiw nra;jy;.  gpukhzq;fisf; nfhz;l fzpg;gPl;L gbtq;fis njhlHghlYf;$lhf tpdpNahfpj;jy;.  NgudHj;jg; gjpypWg;gpy; Mff;Fiwe;jsT ];gpaH gpukhzq;fis cWjp nra;jy;.5  Njrpa> khfhz> cs;SH> JiwrhH gpupTfspd; kl;by; xUq;fpizg;G fl;Lkhdq;fSf;fpilapy; njspthd njhlHGfis Vw;gLj;Jjy;.  njhopy; kw;Wk; ts xJf;fPL kl;by; $l;lhfj; jpl;lkplypy; cs;s Kd;Ndw;wj;jpd; jpwikfis kjpj;jy;.  Njrpa muRfs; ,uhZtk; vd;gdtw;wpd; rpf;fy;kpF ghj;jpuq;fis ,dq;fhz;gJk; mtHfsJ flikfs; nghWg;Gf;fis njspthf;fYk;.  xj;jpire;J nraw;gly;> gpujpepjpj;Jtk;> gupe;Jiuthjply; Nghd;wdtw;Wf;fhf ,irthd xOq;fikg;Gf;fSldhd Kd;dNk cUthf;fg;gl;l rHtNjr vd; [P X xUq;fpizTf; fl;Lkhdq;fs;.  cs;SH> Njrpa rptpy; r%f mikg;Gf;fis vl;Ljy;.  caH mghag; gpuhe;jpaq;fspy; nfhs;jFjpwd; tiughf;fk;. Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; gy;NtW tpkHrdq;fSf;Fk; mg;ghy;> xl;Lnkhj;j Rdhkp gjpypWg;G> tpidj;jpwd; kpf;fjhf cs;sJld; epWtd uPjpahd fw;wiy ,J J}z;bAk; cs;sJ vd;gJk; xU Cf;fkhd tpilakhFk;. Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd rpwe;j Kd;Ndhf;fpa jpl;lkplYlDk; ghupa kdtpUg;GlDk;> gjpypWg;Gr; rhHe;j fw;wy;fisf; fw;gjw;fhd rHtNjr r%fk;> rpwe;j Maj;j epiyiaAk; jahH epiyiaAk; tskhf;fy; epiyiaAk; mLj;j NgudHj;jk; ,lk;ngWk;NghJ tpidj;jpwDld; xUq;fpizf;Fk; jd;ikiaf; nfhz;bUg;gijf; fz;Lnfhs;syhk;.

fhH];upd; t+y;];> nfahH mtru fhy FOtpd; (CEG) mtrufhy eltbf;iffs; kw;Wk; jahH epiyf;fhd xUq;fpizg;ghsuhthH. ,e;jf; fl;Liu Ra nfhs;jFjpwdpd; kl;by; tiuag;gl;Ls;sJld; nfahupdNjh my;yJ mjd; gq;fhsp epWtdq;fspdJ fUj;Jf;fis mit gpujpgypg;gjhf mikatpy;iy. kpd;dQ;ry;: voelz@ careinternational.org 1. www.humanitarianinfo.org/sumatra 2. www.icva.ch 3. www.humanitarianinfo.org/srilanka/infocentre/reference/docs/care-evaluation.pdf ,e;j rHtNjr vd; [P Xf;fs;> Nrt; j rpy;ud;> rHtNjr kPl;Gr; rig> NkH]p NfhHg;]; Mfpatw;Wld; mtru fhy nfhs;jFjpwd; cUthf;fy; epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lj;jpd; fPo; ,ize;J nraw;gLfpd;wd. ,e;epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lj;jpd; ,yf;fhdJ “jukhd gzp ahsHfis kPsg;gapw;rpaspj;jYk; mgptpUj;jp nra;jYk; tpidj;jpwd; %yq;fis Kd;Ndw;wYk;> tpisTg; gad; fzpg;gPl;il Nkk;gLj;Jjy; vd;gdtw;Wld; mghaf; Fiwg;G> mtrufhy jahHepiy Nghd;wdtw;Wf;fhd nfhs;jFjpwid mjpfupj;jy;> Irpup nfhs;jFjpwid mjpfupj;jy;.” Nghd;wdtw;iwAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ. 4. www.humanitarianinfo.org/sumatra/products/contacts/ index.asp 5. www.sphereproject.org

gz;lh Mr;Nrapy; epthuzg; nghUl;fSld; ,e;NjhNdrpa ,uhZTk;

FMR Rdhkp – ,e;NjhNdrpah

Mr;Nrapy; Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd ghJfhg;GrhH ftiyfs;

kupad; nfsy;l;wp> upk; nkhwp];

cs;sf ,lk;ngaHTrhH topfhl;ly; Nfhl;ghLfs;> ,aw;ifg; NgudHj;jq;fshy; gyhj;fhukhfg; Gfyplk; Njb Xlr;nra;ag;gLgtHfs; cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;NjhH vdf;fUjg;gl Ntz;Lk; vdj; njspthff; $WfpwJ. MapDk;> Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd Mr;Nrapy; cs;s rpy epWtdq;fs; ,r;nrhw;gpuNahfj;ij gad;gLj;jTk; ghJfhg;Gg; gpur;ridfs; kl;by; nray;glTk; jaq;fp tUfpd;wd.

z;ika Mz;Lfspy;> ghrh ,e;NjhNdrpah nkhopapy; nkhopngaHf;fg;gl;l Nfhl;ghLfs;> mur mjpfhupfspilNaAk;> Aj;jg; ghjpf;Fl;gl;l r%fq;fspilNaAk; gue;j mstpy; tpdpNahfpf;fg;gl;ld. NehHNt[pad; mfjpfs; fTd;rpypd; rh;tNjr cs;sf ,lk;ngah;e;Njhh; epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lk;> cs;sf ,lg;ngaHTf;fhd G&f;fpd;]; Ngu;d; epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lk;> kdpjNea mYty;fis xUq;fpizf;Fk; Ieh tpd; mYtyfk; vd;gd topfhl;ly; Nfhl;ghLfis>1 ,e;NjhNdrpahtpd; jPTf; fl;llk; KOtJkhd ,lq;fspy; gug;Giu nra;tjw;F> ,e;NjhNdrpa mur epWtdq;fSlDk; rptpy; r%fj;JlDk; ,ize;J nraw;gl;Ls;sd. gz;lh Mr;Nrapy; Rdhkpf; fhyg;gFjpapy; X.rp.vr;.V. My; xOq;FgLj;jg;gl;l xUq;fpizg;Gf; $l;lq;fspy;> r%fe;jUk; gpujpepjpfs;> cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;NjhH vd;w nrhw;gpuNahfj;ijg; gad;gLj;Jtjw;Fg; gjpyhf “tPlw;wtHfs;” my;yJ “Rdhkpapd; fhuzkhfj; jkJ tPLfis ,oe;jtHfs;” vd;W mbf;fb tpopj;jdH.

topfhl;ly; Nfhl;ghLfisg;gw;wp nraykHTfis> gz;lh Mr;Nrapy; xd;Wk;> Rkhj;jpuhtpd; Nkw;F fiuapy; kpa+yhNghtpy; xd;Wkhf ,uz;bidj; jpl;lkpl vd;.MH.rpAk; FNshgy; Ibgp Ntiyj;jpl;lKk; Muk;gpj;jd. fhyj;Jf;Fk; cupa Njitf;Fkhdnjd> ,e;jf; fUj;ij mNef Njrpa> rHtNjr r%fq;fs; tuNtw;wd. gq;Fdpapy; Mr;Nrapy; cj;jpNahfg+Ht mtrufhy epiyikg; gpuflzk; KbTf;F te;jjdhy;> khfhzj;jpd; kPs;fl;Lkhdj;Jf;Fg; nghUj;jkhdtHfs; ,jpy; gq;F nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd vd;. MH.rp. tpUk;gpaJ. gq;Fgw;WdHfis ,dq;fhzy;> mioj;jy;> ,iz Kd;itg;ghsHfis fz;Lgpbj;jy;>

Jujp];ltrkhf> mur mikg;Gf;fSld; ,ize;J nraw;ghLfis xOq;F nra;tjpypUe;J ntspehl;L kdpjNea cjtp toq;FdHfisf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; Gjpa xOq;F tpjp fhuzkhf nraykHit elhj;Jtjw;F jhk; mDkjpaspf;fg;gltpy;iy vd;gij vd;. MH.rp. mwpe;Jnfhz;lJ. jw;Nghija rl;lk; xOq;F tpjpfSf;fikthf> nghUj;jkhd mur mikg;Gf;fSld; ,ize;J nraykHTfis gpd;dH nfhz;L elhj;Jtjw;F tha;g;G cs;sJ. ,J Kf;fpakhd gpur;ridfisf; fye;JiuahLtjw;fhd xU fskhf ,Uf;Fnkd ek;gyhk;. Mr;Nrapy; cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;Njhupd; ghJfhg;G> cjtp Nghd;wtw;Wf;fhd ePbj;j jPHTfisf; fz;Lgpbf;f rHtNjr r%fkhdJ cs;SH mjpfhupfSld; nraw;gLjy; vd;gJ Kf;fpakhdJ.

vg;.vk;.MH MrpupaHfs;> gz;Nl Mr;Nrapd; Kd;dhs; vd;.MH.rp. ghJfhg;G epfo;r;rpj; jpl;l Kfhikahsuhd m];upl; Nrhgp MHd; mtHfspd; cs;sPl;Lf;F ed;wpf; fld;gl;Ls;sdH. kpd;dQ;ry;: astrid.arne@freewave.cc 1. www.db.idpproject.org/Sites/IdpProjectDb/idpSurvey.nsf/ wViewCountries/4B444626C28A1BBBC1256D10003463C9

NehHNt[pad; nug;a+[p fTd;rpyhdJ (vd;.MH.rp)> ,e;NjhNdrpahtpy; mgptpUj;jpia Nehf;fpa cjtpf;Fk; kPl;rpf;Fkhd ,izak; (fhHb)> nldp]; mfjpfs; fTd;rpy;> rHtNjr kPl;Gr; rig kw;Wk; ];upr;upq; tYr;upypq; vd;gdtw;wpd; XH mq;fNk. cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;Njhupd; me;j];ij kWjypj;jypd; gpd;tpisTfs; gw;wpAk;> Rdhkpahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;NlhupdJk; Aj;jj;jhy; ,lk; ngaHe;j Mr;NrapdupdJk; UNHCR/J Austin

,e;NjhNdrpah> gz;lh Mr;Nrapy;> cs;sf ,lk;ngau; Kfhkpy; XH jw;fhypf ghlrhiy

NehHNt[pad; mfjpfs; fTd;rpy;> kpfTk; murpay; kag;gl;l #o;epiyapNyNa Rdhkp ,lk;ngw;wpUe;jJ vd;gij cldbahf ,dk; fz;L nfhz;lJ. ,e;NjhNdrpa muRf;Fk; [PVvk; gpuptp idthj mikg;Gf;Fkpilapyhd Aj;jj;jpd; fhuzkhf> Mr;Nr khfhzk; rHtNjr r%fj;Jf;F %lg;gl;bUe;jJ. RdhkpAld; njhlHGgl;l kdpjNeaj; NjitfSf;Fg; gjpypWg;gjw;fhd mq;fPfhuj;jpD}lhf khj;jpuNk> rHtNjr epWtdq;fspd; tUif rhj;jpag;ghlhfpaJ. cs;sf ,lg;ngaHTrhH ,e;NjhNdrpahtpd; tu yhW vd;gJ> kdpjNea eltbf;ifAld; vt;tpj njhlHigAk; nfhz;bUg;gjhf mNef rHtNjr r%fKk; cs;SH mjpfhupfSk; ,dk;fhztpy;iy vd;gijj;jtpu Ntnwhd;Wkpy;iy.

NjitfSf;fpilapyhd ghugl;rj;jpd; mghaj;ijg; gw;wpAk;> gue;j ftiyfis vd;.MH.rp. – fhh;b Mfpa ,uz;L mikg;Gf;fSNk gfpHe;J nfhs;fpd;wd. cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;Njhupd; rl;lg+Ht cup ikfs;> mtw;iw mKyhf;Ftjw;fhd gy;NtW jug;gpdupd; flg;ghLfs;> NkYk; mit cs;slq;fyhf Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;Njhupd; ghJfhg;G vd;gdkl;by; ,d;Dkjpfkhd mwptpidf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; Njit cs;snjd;W> vd;.MH.rp. $WfpwJ. ,lg;ngaHT NtisapYk;> kPs;jpUk;Gjy;> kPs;xd;wpizg;G> Ntwplf; FbakHj;jy; my;yJ kPs;FbNaw;wk; vd;gtw;wpd; kPJk;> cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;Njhupd; ghJfhg;Gld; njhlHGgl;l gpur;rpidfis fye;JiuahLtjw;fhd xU fsk;> cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;NjhUld; NrHj;J kdpjNear; nraw;ghl;lhsHfSf;Fk; Njitg;gLfpwJ.

Mr;Nr #o;epiyf;Nfw;wthW gapw;rpf; $Wfis Maj;jk; nra;jy; Nghd;w mjpf Neuj;ij gpbf;fty;y gzpfs; Muk;gkhfpd. Njrpa> khfhz mjpfhup fs;> Ieh> epjp toq;FdHfs;> rHtNjr epWtdq;fs;> cs;SH epWtdq;fs;> rptpy; r%f mikg;Gf;fs;> cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;Njhpd; jiy tHfs; Nghd;Nwhiu cs;thq;fpa gq;Fgw;WdH gl;bay; Maj;jk; nra;ag;gl;lJ. ,e;NjhNdrpa r%fey mikr;R> nraykHtpd;kl;by; NeHjd;ik nghUe;jpa MHtj;ijf; fhl;baJld; Kd;itg;Gf;fisr; nra;aTk; ,zq;fpdH. X.rP.vr;.V ghy; epiy> taJ> ,l mikT Nghd;w NtWghlw;w juT Nrfupg;gpy; cjtpl ,zq;fpaJ.

FMR Rdhkp – ,e;NjhNdrpah

tYtw;w ghjpg;Gw;NwhH my;yJ gyKs;s c apHgpioj;NjhH

,d;q;ity;l; Nrhy;thq;

kf;Fj; jhNk cjTk; kf;fspd; Mw;wiy Vw;W kjpg;gJ> nghUj;jkhd cjtpia toq;FtJ Mfpa ,uz;Lf;Fk; ,ilapy;> kdpj Nea epWtdq;fs; rkepiynahd;iw fhzNtz;Lk;. Rdhkp Vw;gl;L xU fpoikapd; gpd;> gz;lh Mr;Nr kfhzj;jpy; cs;s n[Rtpl; mfjp Nritf;F (N[.MH.v];.) xU INuhg;gpa cjtpg; gzpahsH tUif je;jhH. ,lk;ngaHe;j r%fq;fs; rhHe;j jdJ KjyhtJ fzpg;gPl;by; mtu; ,Ue;jhu;.jdJ tUifapd; epiwtpy;; jhd; njhFj;j JzpGfis vk;Kld; gfputpUk;gpdH. jkJ clikfis cwTfis FLk;gq;fis ,oe;NjhUldhd re;jpg;G mthpy; Mokhd kdg;gjpTfis Vw;gLj;jp ,Ue;jJ. mtHfs; jkJ Kfhk; rikayiwf;F> rikay; mLg;G xd;iw vt;thW thq;fpapUe;jdu; vd;gij jd;dplk;; $wpatpjj;ij tHzpf;Fk; NghJ> mtHfs; mij thq;ff; $batHfshf ,Ue;jdH vd;gij mtH Kjypy; ek;g kWj;jij ntspg;gLj;jpdH. mNjNtis mtHfis njhlHe;Jk; Viofs; vd;Nw tpopj;jhH.

Petteri Kokkonen/FinnChurchAid/ACT International

,e;jj; jw;fhypf FbapUg;Gf;fspy; ,Uf;Fk; ,lk; ngaHe;j kf;fs;> Viofs; Nghd;Nw njd;gLtH. Mdhy; xU kdpjNeag; gzpahsUf;Nfh mtHfs; jkf;Fj; jhNk cj tpf; nfhs;s vt;tpj top;fisAk; nfhz;bUg;gjpy;iy vd vz;ZtJ mtHfsJ nfsutj;Jf;F ,Of;if nfhLg;gjhfNt njd;gLk;. kf;fs; mfjpfshf milf;fyk; GFj;jpUe;j xU ghlrhiy fl;llj;Jf;F ehd; xUehs; nrd;w xU rpy ehl;fspd; gpd;dNu vdf;F ,J ciwj;jJ. Eiothapypy; xU mLf;F Jzp Ftpe;jpUe;jJ. xUtH rpy cilfis vLj;J vdf;F mtw;iwf; fhz;gpj;jhH. ,tw;iw mzptjw;F vkf;F mtkhdkhf cs;sJ vd;whH. ehNdh frf;fpg;gpope;J Njha;j;j me;j fpope;j Milfis $He;J cw;W Nehf;fpNdd;. ,d;W ehk; ,e;j epiyapy; ,Ue;jhYk; vkf;nfd;W gy ngUikfisf; nfhz;Nl cs;Nshk; vd njhlHe;jhH. Nghf;Ftuj;J nrytpdq;fisAk; mjw;fhd tsq;fspdJ tpuaj;ijAk; ftdj;jpnyLf;fhky;> juj;ijg;

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,q;tpy;l; Nrhy;thq;> ,e;NjhNdrpa N[Rtpl; mfjpfs; Nritapd; ghpe;Jiu thjplYf;fhd KfhikahsH Mthu;. kpd;mQ;ry; : solvang@jrs.or.id ,izaj;jsk; : JRS ,e;NjhNdrpah : www.jrs.or.id

Rkhj;uh Nkw;Ff; fiuapy; kpA+yNgh kPd; re;ijapy; Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;du; tpahghuk; nkJthf toikf;Fj; jpUk;GfpaJ.

FMR Rdhkp – ,yq;if

,d Kuz;ghL> ,yq;if muR kw;Wk; Rdhkp

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FMR Rdhkp – ,yq;if

,d Kuz;ghL> ,yq;if muR kw;Wk; Rdhkp

Paul Jeffrey/ACT International

js;sg;gl;ljhf czUk; fpl;lj;jl;l xU kpy;ypad; kf;fspd; r%fq;fs;> r%f tho;T> [Pthjhuk; vd;gdtw;iw kPsf; fl;b vOg;GtJld; njhlHGgl;lJ. ghjpf;fg;gl;l kf;fs; ,t;tpilaq;fspy; nray;gLepiy gq;Nfw;gtHfshf ,y;iynadpy; kPs;fl;Lkhdg; gbkiw Kw;WKOjhf [dehaf kuGf;F Kuzhdjhf ,Uf;Fk;.

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rptpy; r%f gjpypWg;G mur jpwdpd;ikia ntspg;gLj;Jfpd; wJ: Gypfs;> jkJ kdpjNea nraypaf;fg; gphpthd jkpou; Gdu;tho;Tf; fofj;Jf;F cjTk; tz;zk; jkJ cWg;gpdHfis mzpjpul;Ltjd; %yk; jkJ ,uhZt El;gj;Jld; mtrufhy epiyf;F gjpypWj;Js;sdH. Mdhy; murpd; gjpypWg;Ngh kpfTk; tpidj;jpwdw;wJk; nkJthdJk; MFk;. mur epHthf ,ae;jpuk; mNdf khf nraypoe;jpUe;j Ntis> jdp gpui[fSk;> gpui[fs; FOf;fSk;> mur rhHgw;w epWtdq;fSk;> mdHj;jk; Vw;gl;l xUrpy kzpj;jpahyq;fSf;Fs;> capH jg;gpatHfSf;F czT> cil jq;Fkplk; mspg;gJ> kPl;Gg;gzpfis xOq;FgLj;JtJ> vr;rq;fis Jg;guT nra;tJ> capH jg;gpNahiu NjLtJ> ,we;jtHfis fz;Lgpbj;J ey;ylf;fk; nra;tJ ,g;gb Vuhskhd gzpfspy; <Lgl;ldH. muR NeubahfTk; cldbahfTk; ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fspd; NjitfSf;F gjpypWj;jpUf;ff;$ba Nkw;F> njw;F khfhzq;fspy;> mur ,ae;jpuk; mNdf re;jHg;gq;fspy; mbkl;l kf;fis mila Ie;J njhlf;fk; VO ehl;fis vLj;Js;sJ. cs;SH mjpfhhpfis NeHKfk; fz;lNghJ mtHfs; jhkhfNt Kd;te;J vt;tpj Kd;Kaw;rpfspYk; <Lgl kpfTk; jaf;fj;Jld; ,Ue;jij ntspg;gLj;jpdu;. murplkpUe;J fz;ldj;ijf; nfhz;Ltuty;y jtW fis jhk; ,ioj;JtpLNthNkh vd;w gaNk ,jw;F fhuzk; vd njhpj;jpUe;jdH. rptpy; r%f KbntLj;jyhdJ mur Jiwapy; Fiwthf fhzg;gLk; nefpo;r;rpj; jd;ikapd; gykhd

mk;rq;fis nfhz;bUe;jJ. mur rhHgw;w epWtdq;fspNyh mur Jiw apd; rl;lG+Ht xOq;F tpjpfspd; neUf;Fthuq;fs; vJTkpd;wp gzpahsHfisAk;> jd;dhHtj; njhz;lHfisAk; xUrpy kzpj;jpahyq;fSf;Fs; NritapyPLgLj;j KbAk;. mtHfshy; jdpegH njhz;lH Kd;tUjiyAk; jdpahH cjtpfisAk;$l ngw;Wf;nfhs;sKbAk;. ,Ue;jNghjpYk;> ,j;jifa nefpo;r;rpj; jd;ik> murrhHgw;w epwtdq;fs; kPjhd murpd; tpkHrdj;Jf;Fk;> Coy;> xUq;fpizg;gpd;ik> jpl;lkplg;glhj NeHjd;ik nfhz;l jiyapL Nghd;wtw;Wf;F murhHgw;w epwtdq;fspdJk; jdpegHfspdJk; nraw;ghLfs; ,l;Lr; nry;fpd;wd vd thjpLk; Clfj;JiwapduJ gfpuq;f tpkHrdj;Jf;Fk; toprikj;jJ. mtHfs; rptpy; r%f epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lq;fs; ehl;bd; Njrpa ghJfhg;ig mr;RWj;Jfpd;wd vdTk; Fw;wk; Rkj;jpdH. ,f; Fw;wr;rhl;lhdJ Gypfs; ,uhZt Aj;j jsghlq;fs;> cgfuzq;fis epthuzg; nghUl;fs; vd;w NghHitapy; nfhz;L nrd;WtpLtH vd;w re;Njrfj;jpNyNa vOe;jJ. Rdhkpg; Nguoptpw;fhd gjpypWg;Gf;fSk; Njf;fepiyapy; cs;s rkhjhd Ngr;RthHj;ijapd; Kd;Ndw;wKk; neUf;fkhf xd;Wld; xd;W gpd;dpg; gpize;Js;sd. Rdhkp Nguoptpw;fhd tpidj;jpwd;kpf;fJk; Ngz;jFepiy nghUe;jpaJkhd gjpypWg;Gf;fs;> murpay; ,d gpoTfSf;;fg;ghy; ,zf;fg;ghl;il fl;b vOg;GtijAk; mt;thNw mjpfhug;gutyhf;fy; rk];;b Kiw Nghd;witw;iw eilKiw ajhHj;jj;Jf;F nfhz;L tUtijAk; Ntz;b epw;fpd;wd. kPs; fl;Lkhdg; gbKiwap y; nghJkf;fspd; gq;Nfw;ig cWjpg;gLj;Jk; kWrPuikg;G ,y;yhky;> ‘Nky;kl;lj;jpypUe;J tUk; kPs; fl;Lkhdq;fSf;F’ gue;j mstpyhd vjpHg;G ,Uf;Fk;. ghjpg;Gw;Ws;s r%fq;fs;> Vw;fdNt epthuzg; nghUl;fs; tpilaj;jpy; mjpfhhpfSf;Fk;> rl;lG+HT mjpfhu gPlj;jpd; tpidj;jpwdpd;ikf;Fk; vjpuhf NghHf;nfhb cah;j;jj; njhlq;fptpl;ldH. Rdhkpf;F gpd;dhd kPs;fl;Lkhdk; vd;gJ ntWkNd fl;llq;fis fl;LtJk;> tPjp mikg;gJk; nghU shjhu cs;sf fl;Lkhdq;fis Vw;gLj;JtJk; khj;jpuky;y. jPBnud iftplg;gl;L Mjutw;w epiyf;F

muRf;Fk; GypfSf;Fkpilapy; cs;s Kl;Lf;fl;ilia tpyf;Ftjw;F> rptpy; r%f mikg;Gf;fs;> muRf;Fk; GypfSf;Fkpilapy; “Aj;jKk; rkhjhd czHjF epiyAk;” vDk; jj;Jtj;jhy; topelj;jg;gLk; xj;Jiog;Gf;fhd xU jpl;ltiuig Kd;itj;Js;sdH. mtHfs;> Aj;jj;Jf;Fg; gpd;dhd kPs;fl;Lkhdk;> kPs; GdUj;jhuzj;ij Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd kPl;rp> kPs;GdUj;jhuzk; Mfpa ,uz;ilAk; ,izf;Fk; Njitia Kjd;ikg;gLj;jp Nfhbl;L fhl;bAs;sdH. ,U jug;gpdUf;Fk; ,ilapy; Ngr;RthHj;ijf;$lhd cj;jpNahfG+u;t nray;jpl;ltiuG ,jw;F mtrpakhAs;sJ. Vnddpy;> ,Ujug;ghUf;Fk; ,ilapy; ,uhZtk; njhlHghd tpilaq;fis tiuaiw nra;tJk;> Kiwahd cld;ghlhd Aj;j epWj;j xg;ge;jk;> ,Ujug;G xj;Jiog;gpd; jd;ik> tisT RopTfs;; midj;ijAk; fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjw;F NghJkhdjy;y vd;gij fhl;bAs;sJ. rptpy; r%f mikg;Gf;fs;> gpd;tUk; Nfhl;ghLfspd; mbg;gilapy; Aj;jj;Jf;Fg; gpd;dhd GdHtho;T kPs;fl;Lkhdk; vd;gd mika Ntz;Lk; vd thjpLfpd;wd.  Rdhkpia ntWkNd ,aw;if mopthf khj;jpuk; ghHf;fg;glf; $lhJ. epthuz> kPs; GdHepHkhz gzp fs;> ,d Kuz;ghl;ilAk; rkhjhd Ngr;RthHj;ij gbKiwiaAk; ftdj;jpnyLf;f Ntz;Lk;.  jkpo;> rpq;fs> K];ypk; r%fj;jtHfs; midtUk; rkkhf elhj;jg;gLtJld; mtHfsJ gq;Nfw;G Cf;fg;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.  caphpog;G> mopT vd;gdtw;iw Nehf;Fifapy;> tlfpof;F khfhzk; cjtp ngWtjpy; Kd;dpiyg;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.  muRk; rHtNjr r%fKk; Rdhkpf;Fgpd;dhd gbKiwapy; Gypfspd; gq;fpid ftdj;jpnyLf;fhky; tplhJ mtHfSldhd gq;FjhuH epiyia cUthf;f Ntz;Lk;. muRk; GypfSk;> murpay; gq;Fnfhs;sYf;fhdnjhU Gjpa gbKiwia Muk;gpf;f> Rdhkpf;F gpd;dhd #oiy gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. kdpj Nea <lhl;lg;gq;F nfhs;sypy; Aj;j epWj;j xg;ge;jj;jpw;F rkhe;jukhd xU cj;jpNahf G+Ht cld;ghl;il vl;Ljy; ,d;wpaikahjJ.

[aNjt caq;nfhl: nfhOk;G gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; murpay; tpQ;Qhd kw;Wk; nghJ nfhs;iffSf;fhd gPlj;jpd; jiytUk;> “nghypl;b” rQ;rpifapd; MrphpaUk;> ,yq;if r%f tpQ;Qhdpfs; xd;wpaj;jpy; jiytU khthh;. kpd; mQ;ry; : uyangoda@cmb. ac.lk (ePz;lnjhU fl;Liuapd; RUf;fNk ,f;fl;Liu) online at: www.fmreview. org/pdf/uyangoda.pdf

Aj;jk; rpijj;j ,yq;ifapy; mur ,uhZt epiyfis Ak; Vida gpuNjrq;fisAk; R+s Gijf;fg; gl;bUe;j fz;zp ntbfis Rdhkp mbj;Jr; nrd;W [jhf;fpaJ. Gijf;fg; gl;bUe;j fz;zp ntbfis Rdhkp mbj;Jr;nrd;W [jhf;fpaJ.

FMR Rdhkp – ,yq;if

Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd csr; r%f Ntiy gw;wpa gpujpgypg;G

Mde;j fygjp

,yq;ifapy;> rHtNjr njhlHg+lfq;fspdJk; cjtp epWtdq;fspdJk; mf;fiw ntspg;ghl;bdhy; ngUkstpy; Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk; kdpjNeag; gjpypWg;gpy;> csr; r%f NeH jiyaPL xU Kd;Dupik mk;rkhf khwpaJ. jiyaPLfs; kpf tpiuthf Muk;gpf;fg;gl;ld. Mdhy; xUq;fpizT kpfTk; gytPdkhdjhf ,Ue;jJld; Rdhkpf;F Kd;dhd Aj;jj;Jld;; njhlHGgl;l csr; r%f epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fspy; ,Ue;J fw;w ghlq;fspy; ftdk; nrYj;jg;gltpy;iy.

dhkp mbj;J Kjy; ,U thuq;fspd; gpd;dH> kdpj Nea mikg;Gf;fshd ,yq;if muR> jkpoPo tpLjiyg; Gypfs;> cs;@H kw;Wk; rHtNjr mtrufhy gjpypWg;G mzpfs;> fpof;F khfhz efukhd kl;lf;fsg;gpd; nghJkf;fs; MfpNahH czT tpdpNahfj;jpYk;> jq;Fkplk;> kUj;Jt KjYjtp vd;gdtw;wpYk; ftdk; Ftpj;jd. gaq;fu mDgtq;fisAk; ghupa ,og;Gf;fisAk; re;jpj;jpUe;j tsHe;NjhH rpWtHfsJ kdtLf;fs;> ghjpg;Gf;fisf; ifahStjw;fhd Njit> cs;@H cseyg; gzpahsHfis NeHKfk; fz;l rHtNjr gj;jpupifahsHfshy; cldbahf Kd;itf;fg;gl;lJ.. kpfg; nghUj;jkhd csr; r%fj; jiyaPLfs; gw;wpa fUj;Jf;fs; NtWgl;Lf; fhzg;gl;ld. csr; r%f Ntiyfspy; Kd; mDgtNkh my;yJ njhlHNgh nfhz;buhj cs;@H mur rhHgw;w epWtdq;fs;> ,yq;ifapy; NtW ghfq;fisr; rhHe;j ,j;JiwrhH MHtyH FOf;fs; vd;gd Rdhkpapy; capH jg;gpg; gpioj;NjhUf;F csey cjtp toq;Ftjpy; MHtkha; ,Ue;jdH. cs;@upy; Vw;nfdNt gzpahw;wpa XH rpy csey cjtpahsHfSf;Fg; Gwk;ghf> ,j;jifa NritahdJ> ehl;bd; Vida ghfq;fisr; NrHe;j FOf;fshNyh my;yJ XH rpy ehl;fs; gapw;rp ngw;w jd;dhHtj; njhz;lHfshNyh toq;fg;gl;ld. FLk;gq;fisAk; tPLthry;fs; njhopy; JiwfisAk; ,oe;j kf;fSf;Fk; jw;fhypf Kfhk;fSf;Fs; Klf;fg;gl;Ls;stHfshfj; jk;ikg; ghHg;gtHfSf;Fk;> jkJ mDgtq;fisAk; czHTfisAk; csey cjtpahsHfsplNkh my;yJ ,j;Jiwapy; jpwd;fisf; Fiwthff; nfhz;ltHfsplNkh gfpHtnjd;gJ cs uPjpapy; gpuNahrdk; kpf;fnjhd;W vd;w fUj;J gutyhf vq;Fk; fhzg;gl;lJ.. ,j;jifa ghHitahdJ> NgudHj;jk; epfo;e;j ,U thuj;jpNyNa> ,lk; ngaHe;j kf;fSld; Kfhk;fSf;Fs; csey cjtpahsHfspd; rpwpa mzpfs; gzpf;fkHj;jg;glf; fhuzkhapUe;jJ. mbf;fb ,lk; khWk; rdf; $l;lj;jhYk;> kpf Nkhrkhd Kfhikj;Jtk; kw;Wk; epthuz cjtpfshYk;> kpjkpQ;rpa rd neUf;fb> ,lneUf;fb vd;gdtw;whYk; Kfhk;fspy; gzpf;fkHj;jg;gl;l FOf;fs;> jkJ fijfisr; nrhy;yp MWjy; ngw Ntz;Lnkdj; Jbj;j gjfspg;G nfhz;l ngUk; vz;zpf;ifahd kf;fSlNdNa ePz;l jkJ gzpNeuj;ij nrytpl Ntz;b ,Ug;gjhf vg;NghJk;

mwpf;ifapl;ldH. ,Ug;gpDk; ,g;gzp mkHTfs; jdpegHfSf;F Mokhd cjtpaspj;jYf;Fk; njhlHr;rpahd re;jpg;Gf;fSldhd cjTjYf;Fk; tha;g;gpid toq;fpd. ,j;jifa mDtgq;fs; csey cjtpahsHfspdJ tpuf;jp> NrhHT> fisg;G Nghd;w czHTfSf;Fk; ,l;Lr; nrd;wd.

mjpfk; ftiy nfhs;sTk; epr;rakw;w jd;ikia cUthf;fTk; nra;aty;y gpur;ridfSld; njhlHGgl;l nghwpKiwrhh; jfty;fis njspthf vOj;J %yk; ntspg;gLj;j mur mjpfhupfSf;F mOj;jk; nfhLg;gH. rpWtHfs; kl;byhd mNdf jiyaPLfs;> mtHfs; ghlrhiyf;F kPsTk; nry;yNth my;yJ ,yFgLj;jg;gLk; tpisahl;L nray;ghLfspy; gq;Fgw;wNth mtHfSf;F Njitahd nghUs;rhH cjtpfis cld; toq;Ftjd; Clhf mtHfsJ md;whl tho;tpw;fhd xU fl;likg;gpid Vw;gLj;Jtij Nehf;fhff; nfhz;ljhf tFf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

xUq;fpizg;gpw;fhd Njit kl;lf;fsg;G kdpj Neag; gjpypWg;gpd; csr; r%fj;Jiw tpupthf;fk; ngw;W mjpfupj;Jf; nfhz;L nry;y> epjp toq;FdHfs; cjtp epWtdq;fspd; jiyaPL(intervention) msit tp];jupf;f neUf;fb nfhLj;jdH. mj;Jld; ngUksT Gjpa nraw;ghl;lhsHfSk; fsj;jpy; Fjpj;jdH. gy;NtWgl;l mKyhf;fy; epWtdq;fSk; Fwpf;fg;gl;l xU kf;fs; $l;lj;Jld; Ntiy nra;tjw;fhd MHtj;ij ntspf;fhl;Ltjpy; xUtH xUtiu Ke;jpf; nfhs;s Kw;gl;ljdhy; Kuz;ghLfSk;> cld;ghbd;ikAk; ngUkstpy; cUthfpd. cjhuzkhf>

Rdhkpf;F Kd;dH gy tUlq;fshff; fhzg;gl;lJk;> Aj;jr; #o;epiyf;Fs; ,k; khtl;lj;jpy; Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;lJkhd csr;r%fj; jiyaPLfis mKy;gLj;jpa epWtdq;fSk; jdpegHfSk; Nkw;Fwpj;j mZFKiwf;F Kw;WKOtJk; kWjiyahdNjhH mZFKiwiag; gupe;Jiuj;J te;jdH. NgudHj;ijj; njhle;j fhyg;gFjpapy; toikahf ,lk;ngWk; cjtpaspf;Fk; mbg;gil tbtkhd ghjpf;fg;gl;l kf;fsJ r%f kw;Wk; nghUl; Njitf,yq;ifiar; R+oTk; ,Ue;J fw;w fbd isf; ftdj;jpy; vLg;gij ,e;jg; ghHitf; Nfhzk; ghlq;fs; cjhrPdk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sd. Kd;Dupikg;gLj;jpaJ. ghjpg;Gw;NwhH jhkhfNt jkJ mDgtq;fisAk; f];lq;fisAk; gw;wpa fUj;jhliy Muk;gpf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy;> Mjuthd nrtpkLj;jy; kw;Wk; cldpUj;jy; vd;gdtw;iw Nkw;nfhs;tJ Cf;fkspf;fg;gl;lN ghjpYk;$l> Muk;gj; jiyaPlhf ghjpg;Gw;NwhUf;F csey cjtp MNyhrid toq;Ftjw;fhd Kaw;rpfs; vJTk; Cf;fg;gLj;jg;gltpy;iy. ,j;jifa ghHitahdJ> khtl;lj;jpy; Vw;nfdNt ngwg;gl;l gzprhH kl;byhd mDgtj;jhYk; Njrpa kw;Wk; rHtNjr topfhl;ly;fshYk; cWjpg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ,t; mZFKiwahdJ> cseyr; rpfpr;iraspf;Fk; nray;ghl;Lj; jd;ikia Fiwthff; nfhz;lnjd tpahf;fpahdk; nra;ag;gl;lJ. cjhuzkhf> iftplg;gl;l rpWtHfSld; gzpGupAk; epWtdq;fs;> ,j;jifa rpWtHfis Vida FLk;g cWg;gpdHfSlNdh my;yJ mr;rpWtHfSf;F ed;F gupl;rakhd guhkupg;ghsHfSlNdh kPs ,izf;fg;gLk; Kaw;rpia Nkw;nfhs;tH. Kfhk;fSf;Fs; gzpGupAk; rpy mikg;Gf;fs;> ngz;fs;> rpWtHfs; ghypay; J];gpuNahf j;Jf;Fl;gLj;jg;gLk; tpilaj;jpy;> Kfhk;fSf;Fs; ghJfhg;ghf epj;jpiu nra;tjw;Nfh my;yJ Fspg;gjw;Nfh nghUj;jkhd xU ,lj;ij cUthf;Ftjd; %yk; ngz;fspd; gpur;ridfs; kl;by; gjpypWg;gH. VidatHfs; epthuzk;> el;l<L> tjptplk; ngWjy;> kw;Wk; ,lk;ngaHe;Njhiu

xU Fwpf;fg;gl;l Kfhkpy; Vw;nfdNt tpisahl;L Kw;w mZFKiw nfhz;l Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpy; xU epWtdk; ,Uf;fj;jf;fjhf ,d;DnkhU epWtdk; mq;F mNj khjpupahd epfo;r;rpj;; jpl;lj;ij nra;a Kw;gLtijf; $wyhk;. cs;@H epiyik> nfhs;jFjpwd;> Njitg;ghLfs; gw;wpa jfty;fisg; NghjpasT nfhz;buhj epiyapy; ntsp ehl;bypUe;Njh my;yJ nfhOk;gpypUe;Njh tpkhdk; %yk; tUk; gapw;WdHfSk; cjtpahfr; nraw;gLk; gzpahsHfSk; fhzg;gl;ldH. kl;lf;fsg;gpy; xU xd;wpize;j csr;r%f Jiwia mgptpUj;jp nra;tjpy;> cyf kl;lj;jpYk; ,yq;ifapYk; r%f Ntiyf;fhd gy;tifg;gl;l nfhs;if – Nfhl;ghL> eilKiwrhH mZFKiwfs; xU ghupa rthiy Kd;dpWj;JfpwJ. cs;@upYk; rHtNjr kl;lj;jpYk;> fsj;jpy; cs;s rr;ruTj; jd;ik nfhz;l fUj;jhly;fs;> xU xw;iw nray;jpl;lg; gpur;ridf;Fs;NsNa tpj;jpahrkhd ghHitf; Nfhzq;fisAk; mZFKiwfisAk; cs;thq;fp cs;sJ. vt;thwhapDk;> kl;lf;fsg;G khtl;lj;Jf;Fs;> csr; r%fr; nraw;ghl;lhsHfspd; gue;j xd;wpizthdJ gpupe;J epw;gij mDkjpg;gijf; fhl;bYk;> tYt+l;lg;gl;l> ,j;jifa mZFKiwnahd;iw mgptpUj;jp nra;jy; mtrpakhdnjd;Nw gLfpwJ. jw;NghJ> csr; r%fr; nrayz-

Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd csr; r%f Ntiy gw;wpa gpujpgypg;G

UNICEF/HQ05-0173/Shehzad Noorani

FMR Rdhkp – ,yq;if

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ikag; gzpahsHfs;> jd;dhHtj; njhz;lHfs; Nghd;NwhHfSf;F toq;fg;gl;l gapw;rpfs;> mit xOq;fhf tbtikf;fg;glhkNyh my;yJ epiyj;;jF epiy nfhz;ljhf ,y;yhkNyh ,Ue;jNghjpYk; mit ngupa tpilakhfNt cs;sd. cjtpr; Nritfs;> gapw;rp Kd;ndLg;Gf;fs; ,uz;LNk juj;jpd; kl;bYk; tpisTj; jhf;fj;jpd; kl;bYk; NtWgl;ldthf cs;sd. ntspapypUe;J ce;jg;gl;L> Cf;fg;gLj;jg;gl;l Ra rPuhf;fy; fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fl;gl;l csr; r%f Nritfspd; tpdpNahfj;jpd; ajhHj;jij ghHj;jhy;> NtW khw;W topfs; VJkpy;yhjJ NghYs;sJ. MapDk; khtl;lj;Jf;Fs; Ntiyia Muk;gpg;gtHfSld; Mf;f g+Htkhfj; njhlHGgl;L ,aq;Ftjw;F ,J xU topahfNt cs;sJ. Fzkhf;fYk; MNuhf;fpakhf ,Uj;jYf;Fkhd epGzj;Jt kw;Wk; ghuk;gupa mZFKiwfs; rpyNtis xd;Wld; xd;W nghUe;jhj R+o;epiyahdJ> Kw;W KOjhd ngWkhdj;ijAk; Ntiyj;jpl;l tiuGfisAk; nghUe;jr; nra;a ty;y mZF Kiwfis ,izg;gJ gw;wpa Neupa ftiyia Njhw;Wtpj;Js;sd. epGzj;Jt NeH jiyaPl;bd; mtruj; jd;ikf;Fk; fpuhkpa my;yJ ghku ghHitf; Nfhzj;Jf;FkpilNaahd gjl;lk;> Rdhkpg; Nguoptpd; kl;by; epGzj;Jt NeH jiyaPl;Lf;F khj;jpuk; rhHghdjhf jw;NghJ jPHf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. jukhd csr; r%f Nritfis cUthf;FtJ> guhkupg;gJ> epiyj;jFepiy nfhz;lJk; r%fg; gz;ghl;baYf;Fg; nghUj;jkhdJkhd NeH jiyaPl;il ,dq; fhz;gJ Nghd;w rthy;fspd; kl;by;> ,yq;ifiar; #og; ngw;Wf; nfhz;l - kpff; fLikahff; fw;Wf; nfhz;l ghlq;fs; Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. epjpaspj;jy; neUf;Fthuq;fs;> ,yq;ifapy; csr;r%f epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fs; gw;wpa Kd;dwpT ,y;yhj Mszpapdupd; gilnaLg;G> cs;@ H epWtdq;fspd; Mtzkhf;fy; ,d;ik my;yJ epWtdk;rhH epidT>

gy fyhrhug; ghq;fhd csr; r%f Nritfis cUthf;Ftjpy; mHg;gzk; Nghjhik vd;gd ,j;jifa Gwf; fzpg;G fhuzpfsha; mike;Js;sd. “ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fshy; Kfk; nfhLf;fg;gl;l ghupa capHr;Nrjk;> kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; ,lk; ngaHjy;> [Pthjhu mopT> r%fg; ghj;jpuk; Vw;wypy; jlq;fy;> rpWtH gphpgly; Nghd;wd ePbj;Jr; nry;Yk; ,dKuz;ghl;Lf; fhyj;jpy; mDgtpf;fg;gl;ldtw;wpd; kPs; tUifahfTk; mNj Nghd;w ,og;Gf;fshfTk; cs;sd” vd;w xU “czHe;J nfhs;Sjiy” jd;dfj;Nj nfhz;Ls;s Rdhkp NguzHj;jj;jpd; toikf;F khwhd ,aw; jd;ikahff;$l ,J ,Uf;fyhk;. epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lk;rhH gjpypWg;Gf;fspd; tpisTg;gad; jhf;fj;ij guPl;rpj;Jg; ghHg;gjpy; ,Ue;Jk; gpd;ida ifahs;jYf;fhd fpuhkpa eltbf;ifapy; ,Ue;Jk; rpyNtis gpuNahrdkhdnjhd;W ngwg;;glyhk;. “kpf tpiuthf> Fiwe;j Ntfj;jpy;” vd;w gz;G> Rdhkp ghjpj;j kf;fshy; ngwg;glf;$ba jukhdJk; cupaJkhd Nritfis toq;Ftjpy; kpjkpQ;rpa nghUj;jg; ghq;fhf njd;gLfpwJ. Rdhkpahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;ltHfspd; ngauhy; NeH jiyaPL nra;Ak; ntspahupd; mHg;gzq;fs;> cjtp Njitg;gLgtHfSf;F njhlHr;rpahd xj;jpirthd NeH jiyaPLfis toq;Fk; MHtj;jpd; kl;by;> jpl;lkplTk; xUtH xUtUld; xUq;fpizf;fg;glTk; Njitahd epWtdq;fspd; tpopg;GzHthy; topelj;jg;gLtJld; tYg;gLj;jg;glTk; Ntz;Lk;. mdHj;jk; Vw;gl;L rpy khjq;fspNyNa NeHj; jiyaPl;Lf;fhd ePz;l fhy mZFKiwia nfhz;Ls;s Kd;ndLg;Gf;fs;> tpisTj; jhf;fj; jpwdpd; kl;bYk;> mtw;wpd; Nritfspd; epiyj;jF epiyapd; kl;bYk; gyhgyd;fis Vw;nfdNt mWtil nra;fpd;wd.

Mde;j fygj>p “jiyaPL” vd;w rQ;rpifapd; MrpupaUk; ,yq;ifapd; kl;lf;fsg;gpy; ,aq;Fk; The Mangrove, csr; r%f cjtp kw;Wk; xUq;fpizg;gpw;fhd tiyaikg;gpd; MNyhrfUk; xUq;fpizg;ghsUkhthH. ,izaj;jsk;: www.themangrove.blogspot.com kpd;dQ;ry;: agalaps@eureka.lk ,f;fl;LiuahdJ> “Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd csr;r%f Ntiy: ,yq;ifapd; fpof;F kl;lf;fsg;gpy; Nritfs; toq;Fjypy; rthy;fs;”> Mde;j fyg;gjp> “jiyaPL”> ntspaPL 3> ,y 1> gf;fq;fs; 65–69> 2005 vd;gjd; gpupj;njLg;ghFk;. NeH jiyaPL vd;gJ xU rQ;rpif vd;gJld;> cs MNuhf;fpak;> csr;r%f Ntiy> Aj;jk; ,lk;ngWk; ,lq;fspy; csey cjtpaspj;jy; Nghd;wdtw;wpd; mwptpid gutyhf;fk; nra;aTk; mHg;gzpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. njhlHG: Guus van der Veer, Editor-in-chief, Intervention, Tulpenburg 31, 1181 NK Amstelveen, The Netherlands. Fax: +31 20 647 4580 kpd;dQ;ry;: intervention@wtfi.nl 1. www.forcedmigration.org/psychosocial

`pf;fLitf;F mUfpy;> gpahbfk fpuhkj;jpy;> XH jhAk; mtSila ,U kfd;fSk; Rdhkpapy; ,we;j me;j rpWtHfspd; rNfhjup kw;Wk; ghl;bapd; GijaYf;F nkOFtH;j;jp Vw;Wfpd;wdu;

FMR Rdhkp – ,yq;if

Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd ,yq;ifapy; [PtNdhghak;

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,yq;ifapy; [PtNdhghak; vd;gJ Muk;gj;jpy; Rdhkpapd; mopTfshy; kl;Lk; ghjpf;fg;gltpy;iy. khwhf murpdJk; kdpjNea cjtp epWtdq;fspdJk; Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd NguopTg; gjpypWg;Gr; rhHe;j nfhs;iffspdhYk; eilKiwfspdhYk;$lg; ghjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

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Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd ,yq;ifapy; [PtNdhghak;

Paul Jeffrey/ACT International

FMR Rdhkp – ,yq;if

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ntspg;gLj;JtJ Nghd;W> [Pthjhu cgfuzq;fspd; gy;tifg;gl;ldtw;iwf; toq;Ftjd; %yk>; cjtpnra;tw;fhd XH ,lj;ijg;gpbf;f cjtp epWtdq;fs; Nghl;bapy; Fjpj;Js;sd. FWfpafhy mbg;gilapy;> mj;jifa eilKiwfs; [PtNdhghaj;jpd; kl;by;> kPdtr; rKjhak; cldbahf jkJ njhopiy kPsj; njhlq;Ftjw;$lhf> xU gyidf; nfhz;bUf;fyhk;. ,Ug;gpDk; ePz;l fhy mbg;gilapy;> Ngz;jF epiyf;Fupa [PtNdhghaj;jpd; tpisTfs; tpguPjkhdjhf ,Uf;fyhk;. cs;SH cwTfspy; Vw;glf; $ba jhf;fq;fis Ma;T nra;tjpy; r%fq;fspd;; fye;jhNyhridAk; gq;Nfw;Gk; ,y;yhky;> me;je;j Ntis fspy; Njitahd cgfuzq;fis khj;jpuk; toq;FjyhdJ> re;ijg;gLj;jy; kl;by; nfhs;jFjpwd;> #oy; vd;gd> fpilf;ff;$ba kPd; ifapUg;Gf;fspd; kpf tpiuthd tPo;r;rpf;F toptFf;fyhk;. ,J ePz;l fhyj;jpy; [PtNdhghaj;ij ghjpg;gJld;> Vw;nfdNt ,d uPjp ahd NkhjYf;Fs;shfp ghjpg;Gw;w r%fq;fSf;fpilapy; [PtNdhghak;rhH gjl;lq;fis mjpfupf;fTk; nra;Ak;. Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd ,yq;ifapy; ntd;wtHfs; Njhw;wtHfs; vd ,Ujug;ghH cz;ikapy; cs;sdH. XusT mDgtKk; jpwDk; nfhz;l fl;llj; njhopyhspapd; rk;gsk; fhl;LtJNghd;W> fl;Lkhdj; njhopw;Jiw Kd;ndg;NghJk; fhzhj fpuhf;fpia ,g;NghJ mDgtpf;fpwJ. E}w;Wf; fzf;fhd Gjpa rHtNjr kdpjNea epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fSf;Fj; Njitahd Nghf;Ftuj;J

jq;Fkplk; Nghd;w Gjpa tHj;jfKk; cUthfpAs;sJ. Jujp];ltrkhf> jw;fhypf Kd;Ndw;wj;ij rpyUf;F toq;fpAk; kWjiyahf nghUl;fSk; NritfSk;> VidatHfSf;F neUq;f Kbahj epiyia Vw;gLj;jpAk;> ,j;jifa Gjpa tha;g;Gf;fs; ,ul;ilf; $H tpspk;Gfisj; jhq;fpa ths; Nghd;Ws;sJ. Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd [PtNdhghak;> mur nfhs;ifapYk; epHthfj;jhYk; jiyaPl;Lf;Fs;shfp cs;sJ. mj;Jld; mit njhopyhsH Njitg;ghLfspd; efHT> tHj;jf Kd;Dupikfs;> Nfs;tp> ghjpg;Gw;w ,lq;fspy; ,aq;Fk; rHtNjr cs;SH epWtdq;fspd; ngUf;fk; vd;gdtw;whYk; jiyaPl;Lf;Fs;shfp cs;sJ. nfhs;iffSk; eilKiw fSk; cs;SH gq;Nfw;G> KbntLj;jy; #oy; ghJfhg;G> NgudHj;jk; njhlHghd ,yF mghaj;Jf;Fl;gL epiyia Fiwj;jy; Nghd;w mk;rq;fSld; xd;wpizfpd;wd vd;gij cWjpg;gLj;JtjD}lhf [PtNdhghag; gpur;ridfs;> cupa fhyj;jpy;> ,irTj; jd;ikAld;> je;jpNuhgha rkepiyj; jd;ikAld; ifahsg;gl Ntz;ba xU mtruj; Njitg;ghLs;sJ.

irkd; `hup];> xf;];NgHl; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; mfjpfs; fw;if epiyaj;jpy; gl;lg;gpd; gbg;gpid mz;ikapy; epiwT nra;jtH. mj;Jld; fpwp];bad; va;l;,d; ,yq;iff;fhd Rdhkp epfo;r;rpj; jpl; xUq;fpizg;ghsUk;$l. kpd;dQ;ry;: sharris@christian-aid.org

aho;g;ghzj;Jf;F mUfpy;> ,yq;ifapd; tlf;Nf njhiytpYs;s XH fpuhkkhd gUj;jpj;Jiwapy; XH kPdtd; jd;Dila tiyia jpUj;jg;ghu;f;fpwhu;

FMR Rdhkp – ,yq;if

MWkhjq;fs; fle;Jk;> gaj;Jf;F Kfk; nfhLj;jy; ypd;ld; n[gPy;];

1987 ,y; ,Ue;J> ,yq;ifapy; 21 tUlk; njhlh;e;j rptpy; Aj;jj;jpy; ,lk;ngah;e;NjhUf;F A+.vd;.vr;.rP.Mu; ghJfhg;Gk; cjtpAk; toq;fpAs;sJ. Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd kdpj Nea neUf;fbfSf;Fk; cjTk; jdJ ghj;jpuj;ij A+.vd;.vr;.rP.Mh; tprhyg;gLj;jpAKs;sJ.

J 2004 khh;fop 25k; jpfjp fhiy 9.30> Nkhp njNu]h ,uhN[];tud; xU ,uhZt thfdk; neUq;FfpwNjh vd vz;zitj;j xU ghupa rj;jj;ij nrtpAw;whs;. mtsJ rikayiwapy; rikj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jNtis> ntsp apy; cWkpf; nfhz;L Nghpiur;rYld; $f;Fuy;fSk; mtyq;fSk; Nrh;eJ ; te;jNghNj Nkhp kpfTk; gjl;lj;Jf;Fs;shdhs;. xU ifapy; jdJ kfs; ee;jpdpia Jhf;fpa tz;zk; vd;djhd; elf;fpwnjd;W mwpAk; MtYld; ntspNa te;jhs;. ntspapNyh> Ml;fs; $l;lnkhd;W kpf tpiuthf nghq;fp vOk; rKj;jpuj;ij Nehf;fp Xbf;nfhz;bUe;jJ. rpy fzg;nghOJfspy; gjpide;jb caukhd miynahd;W ,b Kof;fj;Jld; mtis neUq;Ftij Nkhp fz;lhs;. mtsJ tPlL ; f;F Kd;dhy; cs;s fl;llk; Kjy; jhf;fj;ij vjphT ; nfhz;L ghJfhf;f> Nkhp ee;jpdpia ,Oj;Jf; nfhz;L vjphj ; j ; pirapy; Xbdhs;. kuzj;jpd; ,Wjpg; gpbapy; Nkhp jg;g vj;jdpjj ; hs;. Mdhy; KjyhtJ miy Vw;fdNt mtis jdf;Fs; gpbj;Jf; nfhz;lJ. mtis Ak; ,uz;L taJ kfs; ee;jpdpiaAk; ghJfhg;G Ntypapd; fk;gpr; RUspy; J}f;fp vwpej ; J. xU ifahy; jdJ Foe;ijia gpbj;Jf; nfhz;L> kWif ahy; $hpa Kidfs; jhq;fpa fk;gpr; RUis gw;wpfn ; fhz;L> Nkhp miu kaf;f epiyahdNghJ miy kpf tpiuthf gpdt ; hq;Ftij czh;ej ; hs;.

UNHCR Sri Lanka/Kara Wayman

mk;ghiw> ,yq;if

fisg;GlDk; fhaj;JlDk;> Nkhp ee;jpdpia ghJfhg;ghd ,lj;Jf;F vLj;Jr; nrd;w gpd; jdJ MW taJ kfid Njlj; njhlq;fpdhs;. filrp ahfj; jhd; mtidf; fz;l ,lj;Jf;F elf;fj; njhlq;fTk;> ,uz;lhtJ miy kPzL ; k; ghJfhg;G Ntypapd; fk;gpr; RUspy; mtis J}f;fp tPrpaJ. ‘vdJ clypy; xU Jsp$l czh;itj;jhDk; ehd; fhztpyi ; y’ ‘vdJ kfdpd; ,wg;gpd; Ntjidg;gaj;ijj; jtpu vdf;F vJTNk njhpatpyi ; y| mts; $wpdhs;. Rdhkpapdhy; xU kzp Neuk; ,Oj;Jr;nry;yg;gl;l ; Ntis jhd; fz;l. rhk;gy; th;zj;ijAk; kbj;Jr; RUl;b cs;spOj;j flypd; cs;shoj;ijAk; epidTf;fiof;fpwhs;. mtSf;F NkNy ‘fWg;Gk; mil fhf;Fkhg;Nghd;w thdKk;> njhlh;eJ ; nfhl;bj; jPhf ; F ; k; kioAk;|| mts; tpghpjj ; hs;. rpy kzpfSf;Fg; gpd; mtsJ FLk;gk; mtis fz;Lgpbj;jNghJk; itj;jparhiyf;F rpfpri ; rf;F nry;y kWj;jhs; Nkhp. vdJ kfdpd; ghJfhg;Gj;jhd; vdf;F Kf;fpakhd tpilak;. ‘mtd; ghJfhg;ghAs;shd;; vd mwpeJ ; nfhs;s Kjy; vd;dhy; mt;tplj;ij tplL ; efu Kbatpyi ; y|| mts; tpsf;Ffpwhs;. Rdhkp Vw;gl;l fhiy Ntisapy>; ghlrhiyapy; Gfyplk; mile;jjd; gpd; md;W gpdN ; duk; Nkhpapd; kfd; ,y;yk; jpUk;gpdd;.; xU epkk ; jp. Nkhp gpdd ; h; gUj;jpjJ ; iw itj;jparhiyf;F vLj;Jr; nry;yg;gl;lhs;. Nkhrkhd

cuha;Tf; fhaq;fs;> fPwy;fs;> Kwpej ; if fhy;> ntl;Lf;fs; ,g;gb Vuhskhd itAld; NkhpfF ; VO ijay;fSk; Nghlg;gl;ld. ‘vdJ fzth; ,g;NghJ njhopy; Ghptjpyi ; y ts;sk; Nrjkhfptpll ; J|| Nkhp $wpdhs;. Rdhkp mbj;jjpypUe;J vkf;nfy;yhk; flYf;F mUfpy; kPzL ; k; thor; nry;y gakhf ,Uf;fpwJ. ‘ehk; ,g;NghJ 750 kPww ; h; fiuf;fg;ghy; cs;Nshk;. ,J ,dptUk; RdhkpfF ; ghJfhg;ghdJ|| Nkhpapd; FLk;gj;jpdUf;Fk; mth;fisg;Nghd;w Vidath;fSf;Fk; fhyk; fhykhf [PtNdhghaj;Jf;F ek;gpapUe;j rKfj;jpdUf;Fk; kPsTk; nry;tjh ,y;iyah vd;gJk; jkJ md;id ,y;yk; vd ngUikAld; mioj;j me;j fliy tplL ; tplL ; > ek;gfukhd tUkhdj;Jf;fhd topia Jwe;JtplL ; > flw;fiuapypUe;J njhiytpy; Mdhy; ghJfhg;ghd ,lj;jpy; jq;fp tpLtjh vd;gJ nghpa kdf;Fog;gkhd tplak;.

A+.vd;.vr;.rp.Mh; ,d; gjpypWg;G Rdhkpapdg ; pd; A+.vd;.vr;.rp.Mh; 160>000f;Fkjpfkhd kf;fSf;F 500>000 kjpfkhd czT my;yhj epthuz nghUl;fis tpdpNahfk; nra;Js;sJ. ,tw;wpy; gpsh];bf; rPw>; $lhuk;> Esk;G tiy> rikayiwg; nghUl;fs;> ghj;jpuq;fs;> thspfs;> rth;ff ; huk;> Jtha;> cilfs; kw;Wk; Vida mbg;gil nghUl;fs; rpythFk;. mj;Jld; ,ilj;jq;fy; Kfhk;fs; mikf;Fk; ,yq;if murpd; xUq;fpizg;G Kaw;rpfF ; cjTtjpy; vkJ Kd;dzp ghj;jpuj;ij rpwg;ghf Kd;ndLj;Js;Nshk;. gUt fhy kio tUKd;dh; jw;fhypf tPLfs; mikj;jy;> mtrufhy jq;Fkplq;fs; kw;Wk; kPs; fl;Lkhdk; vd;gtw;Wf;fpilapyhd ,ilntspfis ,izf;Fk; tz;zk; gq;fhsp epWtdq;fSld; nray;gl;Ls;Nshk;. A+.vd;.vr;.rp.Mh; gadhspfSlDk; ,yq;if mjpfhhpfSlDk; kdpj Nea mikg;Gf;fSlDkhd fye;jhNyhridf;$lhf cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,ilj;jq;fy; ciwtplq;fs; rhh;ej ; gytif topfhl;ly; Mtzq;fisAk; fzpgg ; l P L ; gl;baiyAk; cUthf;fp cs;sJ. A+.vd;.vr;. rp.Mh; fl;ba tPLfs; kw;Wk; Fbakh;T kf;fs; kd;wk; vd;gd ghy;epiy> Rw;whly; kw;Wk; Vida mf;fiwnfhs; tplaq;fs;> Rdhkpahy; ,lk;ngah;ej ; th;fSf;fhd ,ilepiy kw;Wk; epue;ju tPlikg;Gf; fl;Lkhd NtiyapdN ; ghJ ftdj;jpy; vLf;fg;gLk; vd;gij cWjpgg ; Lj;jpd. ,j;Jiwia xUq;fpizg;gjw;Fg; Gwk;Ng> aho;gg ; hzk;> mk;ghiw khtl;lq;fspy; A+. vd;.vr;. rp.Mh; 3>000 jw;fhypf tPLfis

MWkhjq; f s; fle; J k; > gaj; J f; F Kfk; nfhLj; j y;

UNHCR/M Sivanesan

FMR Rdhkp – ,yq;if

mikj;J tUfp wJ. tpjj ; pahrg;gLk; fhyepiy> r%fk; kw;Wk; cs;Sh; tsq;fs;rhh; fhuzpfspd; epkpjj ; k; ,l mikTfSf;fpilapy; fl;Lkhd khjpupfs; NtWgLfpdw ; d. aho;gg ; hzj;jpy; 1408 tPLfs; [{d; 2005 ,Yk;> 2442 ,ilepiy tPLfs; mk;ghiwapy; nrg;nlk;gh; 2005 ,Yk; mikj;J Kbf;fg;gl cs;sd. mk;ghiwapy; 3 x 4 kPww ; iu nfhz;lJk; fy;tidl; ,Uk;Gr; rl;lq;fSf;Fs; mike;j gphpff ; g;gl;l 2 miwfisf; nfhz;lJkhd ,ilj;jq;fy; tPLfs; mikf;fg;gLfpdw ; d. ,it rh;tNjr kl;lj;jpy; ];gpah; gpukhzq;fs; vdg;gLk; xOq;Ftpjpfs; $Wk; Ie;J Ngh; nfhz;l FLk;gnkhd;W tho;tjw;NfJthdJk;$l. gykhd mbj;jsj;ij nrq;fy; mj;jpthuk; nfhLg;gJld; Nkw; Rth;fshf xl;Lg;gyif mikfpwJ. NjitNaw;gbd; ,t; tPLfis fow;wp ,d;DnkhU ,lj;jpy; kPsn ; ghUj;j KbAk;. $iufs; nrg;G Kyhkpyhd mYkpdpaj; jfLfshy; Mf;fg;gLfpwJ. jfuj;ij tpl ,J nryT mjpfk; vd;whYk; mt;tl P b ; Ds; tho;Nthh; nrsf hpakhf ,Ug;gij cWjpgg;Lj;Jk; tif apy; mJ ntg;gj;ij cl;flj;Jtjpyi ; y. nrg;G Kyhkpll ; mYkpdpaf; $iuf;Fk; Nkw;Rth;fSf;Fkpilapy; ,ilntsp tplg;gLtjhy; FbapUg;Nghh; Fsphr ; r ; pahf ,Uf;f Ntz;ba Njit ftdj;jpy; nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ. aho;gg ; hzj;jpy; G+hj ; j ; pahf;fg;gl;lit> NkhpfF ; k; fy;yb gUj;jpjJ ; iwapYs;s Vida mtuJ r%fj;ijr; Nrh;ej ; th;fSf;Fk;> ghJfhg;ghdJk; nfsutkhdJk; jhf;Fg;gpbf;ff;$baJkhd

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ypzl ; d; n[gpy] ; >; nfhOk;gpy; A+.vd;. vr;.rp.Mh;Uld; ,ize;j jfty; mjpfhhp Mthh;. kpd; mQ;ry; : jeffels@unhcr.ch A+. vd;. vr;. rp. Mhpd; Vida Ntiy fs; kw;Wk; ,ilj;jhf;fy; tPLfs; gw;wpa jfty;fSf;F nry;f. www.unhcr.lk

aho;g;ghzj; Jf;F mUfpy;> ,yq;ifapd; tlf;Nf njhiytp Ys;s XH fpuhkkhd gUj;jpj; Jiwapy; XH kPdtd; jd;Dila tiyia jpUj;jg; ghu;f;fpwhu;

FMR Rdhkp – ,yq;if

Nritfs; tpdpNahfk; xOq;FgLj;jypy; rthy;fs; Mrpa Rdhkpapd; jhf;fk; Kd;ndd;Wkpy;yhjJk; ,jdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;ltHfsJ Njitfis g+h;j;jp nra;tjpy;;> Nritfs; tpdpNahfk; xOq;FgLj;jy; Kfk;nfhLf;Fk; rthy;fs; nrhy;ypy; mlq;fhjit. Ie;J tUlq;fSf;F Kd;dH Rdhkp Vw;gl;bUe;jhy;$l> cyf juprd epWtdk; ve;jsTf;F tpidj;jpwDld; jw;NghJ nraw;gl;lNjh me;jstpw;F mJ gjpypWf;ff; $bajhf ,Ue;jpUf;fhJ.

990 fspd; ,Wjpg; gFjpapy;> mjpfupj;JtUk; gy;NtW tif ahd kdpj Nea mtru epiyikfs;> epthuz cjtpaspj;jypd; rpf;fy; jd;ikfspd; tpupthf;fk; Nghd;wdtw;wpd; epkpj;jk; cyf juprd epWtdk; ghupa NguopTfSf;F cldbahf gjpypWf;Fk; jdJ ghzpia khw;wpaJ. mtru fhy epiyapd; njhlf;f Ntisfspy;> mgptpUj;jp Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpy; cs;s gzpahsHfis ,uty; thq;Ftjw;Fg; gjpyhf cldbahf nraw;gl;L gjpypWf;f Ntz;ba ehl;fis ,of;fhky; ,Uf;f> cyf juprd epWtdk;> Kd;$l;bNa NguopTfis vjpHT $wTk;> jFe;j Maj;jq;fis Nkw;nfhs;sTk; kpfg; gue;j mstpyhd mtrufhy epiyikf;F gjpypWf;fTk; jk;ik mHg;gzpj;j xU KO Neu cyfshtpa mjptpiu gjpypWg;G mzpnahd;iw cUthf;fp cs;sJ. jdJ nfhs;jFjpwdpd; filrp vy;iyf;F nrd;W Rdhkpia guPl;rpj;Jg; ghHf;f Ntz;bapUe;jJ. “Kjy; 30 ehl;fSf;Fs; ,yq;iff;Fk; Mr;Nrf;Fk; (,e;jNdhrpah) tpkhdk; %yk; 32 njhFjp nghUl;fis ehk; Vw;wpNdhk;” Kd;$l;ba jahH epiynaLg;Gg; gpuptpd; ru;tNjr ,af;FdH ngd;ld; $wpdhH. ,NjNghd;wnjhU ghupa mstpyhd Ntiyia ehk; Kd;dH nra;jpUf;ftpy;iy> mj;Jld; mJ mt;tsT ,yFthdJky;y. rpy re;jHg;gq;fspy; rl;lg+Ht rptg;G gl;b eilKiwfs; ghupa jilfis cUthf;fpapUe;jd. mNef khd nghUl;fs; kpf tpiuthf ,wf;fg;gl;L gfpHe;jspf;fg;gl;l Nghjp Yk;> Aj;jr; R+o; epiyf;Fg;gl;bUf;Fk; ehLfspy;> ghJfhg;G rhHe;j mgha vjpHTnfhs;sYf;F cjtty;y thfdq;fs;> njhiyj; njhlHG fUtp

fs; Nghd;w rpy Fwpg;gpl;l czTrhuh nghUl;fs;> ,j;jifa rptg;G gl;bf;Fs; rpf;fp> gpd; ePz;l Kaw;rpapdhy;> epW td mYtyHfspd; Ntiy Neuj;ij nrytpl;L mtw;iw efHj;j Ntz;b Vw;gl;lJ. ,e;jpa kw;Wk; jha;yhe;J cyf juprd epWtdk;> jdJ ghupa gzp ahsH nfhs;jF jpwDf;$lhf ntsp cjtpfs; ,d;wp cldb gjpypWg;G eltbf;iffspy; jdJ fhj;jpukhd gq;if tfpf;ff;$bajhf ,Ue;jJ. ,jD}lhf ghupa rHtNjr Kaw;rp vd;w kl;by; ,yq;if> ,e;NjhNdrpah Nghd;w ehLfspy;> g+uz ftdj;ij Ftpf;ff;$bajhfTk; ,Ue;jJ. ,yq;ifapy; cyf juprd epWtdj;jpd; Rdhkp gjpypWg;ghdJ> ehl;il ,uhl;rj miy jhf;fp xU rpy kzpj;jpahyq;fspy; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. cldbahf czT> ePH> cil> gLf;if tpupg;Gf;fs;> gha;> Rfhjhug; nghUl;fs; Nghd;wtw;iw gfpu;e;jspf;fj; njhlq;fpa cs;Su; gzpahsHfspd; tpidj;jpwidAk; ,uf;fj;ijAk; ghuhl;Ljy; mtrpak;. cyf juprd epWtdj;jpd; 55 tUl tuyhw;wpy; kpfg; ngUksT nfhs;fyd;fspy; cjtpg; nghUl;fs; kpff;FWfpa fhyj;Jf;Fs; nfhz;L nry;y ,tHfsJ tpiuthd nraw;ghLfs; toptFj;jd. cyf juprd epWtdk; jdf;nfd Kd;$l;bNa nghUs; Nrfupj;J kw;Wk; fsQ;rpag;gLj;Jk; epiyaq;fis nld;tH> fNdhtH> gpupd;b]p> Jgha; Nghd;w ,lq;fspy; nfhz;bUe;jJ. ,j;jifa trjp tha;g;Gf;fs; cldbahf gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJld; nfd;ah> fdlh> ,e;jpah> ghf;fp];jhd;> jha;yhe;J> mT];jpNuypah Nghd;w ehLfspy; tpepNahfj;jHfs;> Nghf;Ftuj;J

];uPt; kj;jpa+];

fk;gdpfSldhd Kd;jpl;lkpl;l Maj;jq;fSk; tpLgl;bUe;j Vidatw;iw rPHnra;J ,ilntspfis epug;gpd. Kd;$l;bNa epthuzf; ifapUg;Gf;fs; rhHe;j jpl;lkpliy ,af;Ftpj;j ,e;j jpwd; [Pthjhukhdjhf ,Ue;jJ vd;gJ ep&gzkhdJ. ed;F mDgtk; ngw;w gzpahsHfspd; njhlHGk; gq;fspg;Gk;$l kpf Kf;fpakhd fhuzpahFk;. <uhf;fpy; njhlHr;rpahf Nja;e;JtUk; ghJfhg;G R+o;epiyapd; gpd;dzpapy;> cyf jup rd epWtd epthuzg; gzpahsHfspd; kuzk; %Nrhtpy; rk;gtpj;jijj; njhlHe;J> Ig;grp 2004 ,y; jdJ <uhf; mYtyfj;ij %bapUe;jJ. Mdhy; kpfTk; mDgtk;kpf;f caH jpwd;kpf;f epthuzg; gzpahsHfs; ghupa nghWg;ig kPz;Lk; Vw;f jahuhf Kd;te;jdH. ,j;jifa mDgtrhyp fs; jk;Kld; ,Ue;j Vida epthuzg; gzprhH tpw;gd;dHfs;> epWtdq;fSlhd cwT njhlHGfis nfhz;L te;jdH. mr;RWj;Jk; mtrufhy epiyikapd; Muk;g ehl;fspy;> mur rhHgw;w epWtdq;fs;> I.eh. mikg;Gf;fSldhd rpwe;j gzpj; njhlHigAk; cwitAk; Vw;gLj;Jk; jpwd; kpf;f tpidj;jpwDld; epthuzj;ij tpepNahfpf;f cjtpaJ.

vjpHfhyk; vd;d? cyf juprd epWtdk; Mff;Fiwe;jJ 5 tUlj;Jf;F jdJ Rdhkp epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fis njhlu tpUk;GfpwJ. rpwpa tpahghuj;Jf;fhd rpW tHj;jf mgp tpUj;jp> tPLfspd; kPs; fl;Lkhdk;> tHj;jfk;> tPjpfs;> ghyq;fs;> fiu Nahu gpuNjrq;fspd; Gjpa ePH kyry$l Kiwfs;> ghlrhiyfs;> fpuhkq;fspy; tpupTgl;l rpWtH ghJfhg;G Nghd;wdtw;iw cs;slf;fpa kpfg;gue;j Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fs; mtw;wpy; mlq;Fk;. Kd;ida NguopTfspy; fw;Wf; nfhz;l rpy ghlq;fs; Rdhkp Ntiyj; jpl;lj;jpy; cjtpahf cs;sJ vd;gJ ep&gzk;.1 fle;j 2 tUlq;fspy; mgptpUj;jp nra;ag;gl;l rpWtH ghJfhg;G Kd;tiuT Mtzq;fspd; tpisthf> rpWtH rpNef ikaq;fs; ,yq;if> ,e;jpah> kw; Wk; Mr;Nrapy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Njrpa mYtyfkl;l mjpfhug; gutyhf;fj;Jf;Fl;gl;l KbntLf;Fk; gbKiwapDhlhf> Fwpg;ghf ,yq;if ,e;jpahtpy;> tputhd cldb gjpypWg;Gf;Fg; Gwk;Ng vjpHfhyk; gw;wpanjhU Gjpa ftiy vOe;Js;sJ. ,d;DnkhU ghupa NguopT mz;ikapy; Vw;gLkhdhy; vd;d elf;Fk;? vy;yh epWtdq;fspdJk; kpfr; rpwe;j nfhs;jFjpwdpy; ,Ue;J Mokhf cUntLj;jNj Rdhkp cldb gjpypWg;G Kaw;rpfs;. ,d;DnkhU ghupa mstpyhd> kpf tpiuthd xU mtrufhy epiy ntFtpiutpy; Vw;gl;Ltpl;lhy;> mNefkhd epWtdq;fs;> mJTk; ghupa> ngupa epWtdq;fs; nghUj;jkhd gjpypWg;ig cldbahf Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F kpf fbd mOj;jj;ij gpuNahfpf;f Ntz;b ,Uf;Fk;.

Steve Matthews

];uPy; kj;jpa+]; - cyf juprd epWtdj;jpd; g+Nfhs mjptpiu gjpypWg;G mzpapd; mtrufhy njhlHghly;fspd; KfhikahsH. kpd;dQ;ry; : stephen_matthews@worldvision.ca 1. See After Action Review (involving World Vision International, CARE, OXFAM GB and Catholic Relief Services) at www.hmanitarianinfo.org/srilanka/infocentre/referance/ docs/Care_Evaluation.pdf

FMR Rdhkp – ,yq;if

rpwpa kPd; Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd neUf;Fthuj;jpy; erpAz;lJ ,yq;ifapy;> gq;Nfw;G kw;Wk; gutyhf;fk; vd;gdtw;wpd; ngWkhdk; Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd mtru tpiutpy; Vuhskhd ru;tNjr epWtdq;fshy; gytPdg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd.

trufhy epiyikapd; Kjy; ehspy; ,Ue;J kl;lf;fsg;gpy;> rHtNjr Njrpa epWtdq;fs; xd;whf ,ize;jd. xUtH xUtiu Vw;fdNt mwpe;jpUe;jtHfspd; gq;Fgw;wypy; FWfpa Mdhy; tpidj;jpwd;kpf;f $l;lq;fs; ,lk; ngw;wd. cldbj; Njitfshy; J}z;lg;gl;L> thfdq;fs;> epthuzg; nghUl;fs;> gzpahsH vd Vuhskhd tsq;fis epWtdq;fSf;fpilNa gfpHtjw;fhd MHtj;jpypUe;Jk;> Kfk; nfhLj;j Ra mghaj;jpd; J}uj;jpypUe;Jk;> xU $l;bizT ,yq;if kw;Wk; ntspehl;L rfgzpahsHfspdpilNa cUthdJ.

Paul Jeffrey/ACT International

khHfop 30,y;> ePHkl;lk; caHe;jjd; fhuzkhf mk;ghiw ,q;fpdpahfy ePHj;Njf;fk; jpwe;J tplg;gl;L> mjd; KjyhtJ ghr;ry; fiuNahuj;ij Nehf;fp gha;e;J nrd;W ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fis kPz;Lk; Kfhk;fSf;Fs; efu itj;jJ. czTg; nghUl;fs; gfpHe;jspf;fg;gl;L te;j ghlrhiyfs; ,lk;ngaHe;j FLk;gq;fspd;> Kfh-

khf khw;wk; ngw;wd. xU thuj;Jf;Fs; kW KiwAk; ePH kf;fSf;nfjpuhfj; jpUk;gpaNghJ> mtu;fs; ga mjpHr;rpapy; NkirfSf;F Nky; Vwpf; nfhs;s Neu;e;jJ. ehd; mtjhdpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; NghNj> ciy itf;fg;gl;bUe;j Nrhw;Wg; ghidf;Ff; fPo; vhpe;J nfhz;bUe;j neUg;G jpBnud mize;J vq;Fk; ,Us; gutpaJ. vq;F XLtnjd;W vkf;Nf njhpatpy;iy. ehk; ,Lg;Gkl;l ePhpy; mkpo;e;jpUe;Njhk;. ePHj;Njf;fk; cilg;ngLj;J ,d;Dkjpfkhd jz;zPH te;J vk;ik mbj;Jr; nrd;WtpLNkh vd;W gae;J mQ;rpNdhk;. kio njhlHe;J ,iltp lhky; nghope;J nfhz;bUe;j me;j ,utpy; vdJ ,jak; glglj;Jf; nfhz;Nl ,Ue;jJ. vkJ mYyfk; xU epWtdf; fl;llj;jpd; 1k; khb apy; ,Ue;jjhy; ehk; mjp];lrhypfs;. vz;zw;wtHfs;> kpjkpQ;rpa Ml;fshy; epuk;gpapUe;j Kfhk;fspYk; kuq;fSf;Ff; fPOk; rpyNtis nts;sj;jpYk; ,Uf;f> ehk; cliyr; rha;g;gjw;Nfh vk;kplk; gha;fs; ,Ue;jd. Rdhkp ,ijtplg;

Ihpd; gpNwrH guthapy;iy NghYk; vd vkJ gzpahsHfs; eifr;Ritahf Ngrpf;nfhz;ldH. ,j;jifa #oypy;> mLj;j mjpHr;rp te;jJ. ,aw;ifaplkpUe;jy;y khwhf vkJ Nkyplj;jpypUe;Nj. vt;tpj fhuzKkpd;wp> vkJ ,yq;iff;fhd mtru epiy mzp xUq;fpizg;ghsH mtuJ flikfspypUe;J tpLtpf;fg;gl;L cldbahf jkJ cilikfis vLj;Jf; nfhz;L nfhOk;Gf;F tUkhW Nfl;fg;gl;Ls;shH vd vdf;Ff; $wg;gl;lJ. Kfhikj;Jtj;ij fye;jhNyhrpf;fhJ> “Kiwaw;w tifapy;” epWtd thfdq;fis gad;gLj;jpaijf; fz;bj;jNjhL> Nkl;L epyq;fSf;F kf;fis ghJfhg;ghf Vw;wp ,wf;Ftjd; nghUl;L epWtd CopaH my;yhNjhiu thfdq;fspy; Vw mDkjpj;jijAk; epHthfk; Rl;bf; fhl;b ,Ue;jJ. ehk;$l xU jd;dhHt njhz;liu (rHtNjr kl;lj;jpy; mtrufhy gzpapy; NghJkhd msT mDgtKs;s) vk; Kld; ,aq;f mDkjpj;jjd; thap yhf kdpj tsf; nfhs;ifia kPwpAs;Nshk; vd mwpag;gLj;jg;gl;Nlhk;. mj;Jld; mtrufhy epiy rhHe;j epGzHfs; te;J nfhz;bUf;fpd;wdH vdTk; vkf;Ff; $wg;gl;lJ. Kd; ndhUNghJkpy;yhjthW mtrufhy epiy eltbf;iffSf;F 5 ehl;fSk;

,yq;if> gs;sj;jbr; Nridf;F mUfpy; cs;s XH mfjp Kfhkpw;F ntspapy;> kf;fs; kPsTk; nrhe;j tPLfSf;Fj; jpUk;gj; njhlq;F fpd;wdu;

rp wpa kPd; Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd neUf;Fthuj;jpy; erpAz;lJ 30>000 NgUf;F czTk; kUe;Jk; toq;f 20 kzpj;jpahy Ntiy ehl;fisr; nryT nra;Js;s Ntis> eltbf;iffis cld; epWj;JkhWk; te;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; epGzHfspd; mwpTWj;jy;fSf;fhf fhj;jpUf;FkhWk; Nfl;fg;gl;Nlhk;.

ek;gpf;if gw;wpa gpur;rpid nghJthfNt> gq;Nfw;G rhHe;j njhiy Nehf;fpdhYk; mjpfhug; gutyhf;fj;jpd; ngWkhdj;jhYk; jkJ Ntiyfs; tbtk; nfhLf;fg;gLfpd;wd vd epWtdq;fs; NgRfpd;wd. Mdhy;> cs;SH gzpahsHfs;> cs;SH mwpT kw;Wk; cs;SH kf;fspd; nfhs;jFjpwd; Nghd;w mk;rq;fspy; xU ngupa kdpjNea epWtdk; ek;gpf;if nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy vd;gjpy; Ntnwd;d rhd;W ,Uf;f KbAk;. mtrufhy epiy epGzHfs; te;jpwq;fpaJk; mtHfsplk; Vuhsk; tpdhf;fs; njhLf;f tpUk;gpNdd;. ,uz;L jrhg;jq;fshf ,q;F MAj Nkhjy; eilngw;Wf; nfhz;bUg;gnjd;gij ePq;fs; mwp tPHfsh? vg;NghjhfpYk; ,lk;ngaHe;J> Nerpj;jtHfis Aj;jj;jpy; ,oe;J> cq;fsJ epyq;fisAk; clikfis Ak; ,oe;J gwpnfhLj;J mDgtk; cz;lh? ,yq;if gw;wpAk;> mjd; kf;fs; gw;wpAk;> MAj Nkhjy; gw;wpAk;> mtw;wpd; r%ff; fl;likg;Gf;fs; gw;wpAk;> MAj Nkhjy; gpd;dzp gw;wpAk;> mjpy; mfg;gl;Ls;stHfspd; vjpHT nfhs;sy;> je;jpNuhghaq;fs; kw;Wk; mjpypUe;J kPOjy; gw;wpAk; mtHfSf;F njupahnjd;gJ tpiutpNyNa njspthdJ. Rdhkpahy; ghjpg;Gw;NwhH Vw;nfdNt vj;jifa Jauq;fSf;$lhf tho;e;jdH vd;gJ gw;wpa Gupe;JzHit mtHfs; XusNtDk; nfhz;Ls;sdH vd;gij mtHfs; Ngrpa tpjk; ntspg;gLj;jtpy;iy. mtrufhy epiy epGzHfs; te;j tz;zkpUe;jjpdhy;> Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd tho;T vd;gJ $l;Lf; ifNaw;G Nghd;W njd;gl;lJ. rpwpa kPd;fs; ngupa kPd;fshy; tpOq;fg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;jd. jkJ Ra eltbf;iffis cij nfhLj;J Muk;gpf;Fkhg;Nghd;W Gjpa epWtdq;fs;

FMR Rdhkp – ,yq;if/jha;yhe;J

gzpahsHfisj; jpUbajhy; r%f> epWtdf; fl;likg;Gf;fs; jho;j;jg;gl;L fPo; epiyf;Fr; nrd;wd. cs;SH tPl;L thlifr; re;ijapy;> tPl;L thlif jpBnud cr;rj;Jf;Fg; gwe;jJ. ntsp ehl;Lg; gzj;jpd; CLUty; Ntiyj; Jiwr; re;ijia jfHj;jJ. xUrpy ehl;fspNyNa> jhk; gy Mz;Lfshf ,yq;ifapy; Ntiy nra;J tUtJNghd;W epWtdq;fs; Ngrj; njhlq;fptpl;ld. jkJ tpiuthd Muk;gf; fzpg;gPl;bd; gpd;dH> cldbahf vd;d nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk; vd mtHfs; mwpe;J nfhs;thHfs; vd;W vkf;F cWjpaspf;Fkhg; Nghd;Wk; Ngrj; njhlq;fpdH. mtHfsJ jd;dk;gpf;if %r;ir cs;Ns vLg;gJ Nghd;wJ. xU rHtNjr epWtdk;> %d;W khjj;Jf;Fs; khtl;lj;jpd; midj;J GdHtho;T NtiyfisAk; Kbj;JtpLNthk; vd;W khHjl;baJ. epthuzg; nghUl;fs; tpiuthfTk; fLk; gugug;GlDk; tpdpNahfpf;fg;gl;ld. rpyNtisfspy; nraw;ifj;jdkhf gadhspfspd; njhifia mjpfupf;fr; nra;Ak;nghUl;L nghUl;fs; gJf;fg;gl;ld my;yJ nfhl;lg;gl;ld. jkJ ,izaj;jpYk; nra;jpf; Fwpg;Gf;fspYk; epWtdq;fs; ngUikabj;Jf; nfhz;ld. ghtpj;j cilfs; gad;ghl;L uPjp apy; nghUj;jkhditah my;yJ juk;kpf;fdth vd ahUk; myl;bf; nfhs;stpy;iy. ngz;fspd; caHFjp fhyzpfSk;> ePr;ry; cilfSk; vt;tpj tpdhf;fSkpd;wp nghjpfspy; gpurd;dkhapUe;jd. jkJ cwtp dH ez;gHfs; tPLfspy; ,Ue;NjhH ft dpg;ghuw;W tplg;gl;l mNjNtis Kfhkpy; ,Ue;jtHfSf;F kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; cjtpg; nghUl;fis tpdpNahfpf;f epWtdq;fs; tpOe;jbj;Jf; nfhz;L Xbd. ahUf;Fk; Ntz;lhk; vd;W $w tpUg;gkpy;iy. rpy FLk;gq;fs; jkf;Ff; fpilj;j msTf;fjpfkhd czty;yhj nghUl;fis Nrkpj;J itf;f ,lk; ,y;yhJ jpz;lhbdH. tif njhifaw;w tpdpNahfj;jhy; FLk;gq;fSf;fpilNa Kuz;ghLfs; jiy J}f;fpd. jkf;Ff; fpilj;j Gjpa igfs;> Gj;jfq;fs;> nghUl;fs; gw;wp

rpy rpWtHfs; ngUikg;gl;Lf; nfhs;s> xd;WNk fpilf;fhjtHfs; nksdj;jpy; GOq;fpdH. ,ytrkhf toq;fg;gl;l kUe;Jg; nghUl;fs;> gy;NtW ntspehl;L nkhopfspy; Nygy; nra;ag;gl;L te;J Ftpe;jd. tpj;jpahrkhd kUe;Jfis tpdpNahfpj;j ntt;NtW kUj;Jtf; FOf;fspd; gzpahy; kf;fs; kpjkpQ;rpa kUe;J}l;lj;Jf;Fl;gl;ldH. gzj;ij nryT nra;tjw;Fk;> nghUl;fis tpdpNahfpg;gjw;Fkhf tpiue;jjpy;> cs;SH kf;fSld; Mwmku ,Ue;J> gps;isfisAk; FLk;gq;fisAk; Njw;wp> mtHfSf;F Njitahd Neuj;jpy; cldpUe;J fly; gw;wpa gag; gpuhe;jpia Nghf;Fk; tz;zk; vjpHf;fUj;Jf;fis ,jkhf Kd;itj;J cjtp mspj;jpl mq;F ahUf;Fk; NeukpUf;ftpy;iy. ,d;DnkhU Rdhkp gw;wpa my;yJ murpd; jpl;lk; gw;wpa gpioahd mtru rkpf;iffshy; kf;fs; njhlHr;rpahfj; jhf;fg;gl;lJld;> gaj;jpy; jq;fpapUf;fTk; kd mOj;jj;ijf; $l;bf; nfhs;sTk; toprikf;fg;gl;lJ. ahUk; trpf;f mDkjpf;fg;glhj 100 my;yJ 300 kPw;wH flw;fiuNahu vy;iy tyak; gw;wpa tplak; njsptpy;yhky; ,Ue;jJ. flw;fiuia mz;b tho;e;J te;j kPdtHfs;> jkJ [PtNdhghag; nghUl;fSld; gazpf;fNth my;yJ mtw;iwg; ghJfhf;f> ghJfhg;G cj;jpNahf];jHfis Ntiyf;fkHj;jNth Ntz;ba Njitf;F Kfk; nfhLf;fpd;wdH. kf;fsJ gpurd;dNkh my;yJ kd xg;GjNyh ,d;wp mtHfsJ tPl;bd; vr;r nrhr;rq;fis cilj;Jj; jfHj;J fiuNahuq;fspy; ,Ue;J rpijTfisj; Jg;guT nra;Ak; ntspahuJ ghj;jpuk;> jhk; Kd;dH Ntiy nra;j> tho;e;j ,lq;fspy; nrhFR n`hl;ly;fs; mikg;gjw;F mgptpUj;jpahsHfs; jpl;lkpLfpd;wdNuh vd;w gaj;ijf; $l;b cs;sJ.

[hpd; gpNurH xU ghupa rHtNjr epWtdj;Jf;fhf ,yq;ifapy; gzpGupe;jtH. kpd;dQ;ry;: irene_fraser@yahoo.co.uk

gHkpa Gyk;ngaH njhopyhsHfs; kl;by; kdpj Neag; gjpypWg;G

gpah xg;Nuha;

njd; kw;Wk; njd; fpof;F Mrpahtpy; Rdhkp neUf;fbapy; rpf;fpAs;s ngUksT vz;zpf;ifahdtHfSf;F> midj;Jtif kdpj Nea gypypWg;;Gf;fSf;Fk; mbg;gilaha; mikaNtz;ba kdpj cupikfspd; mtrpak; kWjypf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

ghJthf mOf;F Mgj;J mrpq;fk; vd vz;zg;gLk; tPl;L gzpahsHfshf gz;iz njhopyhopfshf tPjpia Jg;GuT nra;gtHfshfg; Gyk;ngaHe;jtHfisf; fhzyhk;. ,tu;fs; cupa Kiw apy; my;yJ Mtzq;fsw;w Gyk;ngau;e;jtu;fshf cs;sdu;. Rdhkpf;F Kd;dH jha;yhe;Jf; fiu Nahu gpuNjrq;fisr; NrHe;j gHkpa Gyk; ngaHe;NjhH fl;Lkhdk; kPd;gpb kw;Wk; cy;yhrhj;Jiw

cs;slq;fyhf gy;tifg;gl;l jhs; jpwd; Jiwfspy; njhopYf;F mkHj;jg;gl;ldH. eilKiwapy;> Fwpg;gplj;jf;f msT nfhs;ifiag; nghWj;j tiuapy;> jha;yhe;J mjpf upfspd; eltbf;ifahdJ gHkpa Gyk; ngaH njhopyhsHfs; kPJ ghugl;rk; fhl;LtjhfTk; mtHfsJ mbg;gil kdpj cupikfis kPWtjhfTk; ,Ue;jJ. Rdhkpahy; ghjpg;Gw;w ehd;F njd; jha;yhe;J khfhzq;fspy; njhopy;

GupAk; 120>000 gHkpaHfspy;> nkhj;jk; 700 njhlf;fk; 2500 tiuapyhd gHkpa Gyk; ngaH njhopyhsHfs; Rdhkpahy; nfhy;yg;gl;Ls;sjhf fzpg;gplg;gl;lJ. fhaKw;w my;yJ fhzkhw;Nghd gHkpaHfspd; vz;zpf;if gw;wpa rup ahd juT$l njsptw;wjhAs;sJ. rpy mwpf;iffNsh Mf $baJ 4000 NgH fhzhkw;NghapUf;fyhk; vd Fwpg;gpfpd;wd. Ixvk;> cyf tq;fp> Ieh mikg;Gf;fs; ,ize;J ij khj;jpy; nra;j fzpg;gPl;bd;gb jha;yhe;jpy; Rdhkpahy; Mff; Fiwe;jJ 7000 gHkpa Gyk; ngaH njhopyhsHfSk; mtHfis ek;gpapUe;jtHfSk; ghjpf;fg;gl;ldH vd KbTf;F tuKbe;jJ. njhopy; Gupe;Jk; tho;e;Jk; te;j gy Mapuf;fzf;fhd gHkpa njhopyhsHfs;> gjpT nra;ag;glhjtHfs; vd;gJld; ,jd; tpiothf cj;jpNahf g+Ht

FMR Rdhkp – jha;yhe;J cjtpfspy; ,Ue;J tpyf;fg;gl;ldH vd;gJk; gpujhdkhd Fog;gj;Jf;Fupa fhuzpahf ,Ue;jJ. NkYk; gy milahs Mtzq;fSk; Ntiy mDkjpg;gj;jpuq;fSk; flYf;Fs; mbj;Jr; nry;yg;gl;ld.

cjtpg;nghUl;fspy; ghugl;rk; cjtprhH mk;rq;fspy;; Rdhkpiaj; njhlHe;J ghuhgl;rk; gaKWj;Jk; #oypy; gHkpa Gyk;ngaH njhopyhsHfs; mtrufhy kdpjNea cjtp fis ngWtjpy; filrp tupirapNyNa ,Ue;jdH. mJTk; mtHfs; mjw;Fj; jFjpahf ,Ue;jhy; khj;jpuNk mJ rhj;jpak;. ehl;by; njhlHr;rpahf ,Ue;jtHfs; vd;gij epUgpf;ff; $ba Gyk; ngaH gzpahsHfs; khj;jpuNk kdpj Nea cjtpfisg; ngw jFjpahdtHfs; vd jha;yhe;J mjphupfshy; mwptpj;jy;fs; nfhLf;fg;gl;ld. ij 2005 ,y; rl;lj;Jf;Fg; Gwk;ghd Gyk; ngaHe;NjhH r%fq;fs; kiyfspy; xspj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jd. mNefH fhaKw;wpUe;jJld; grpahy; gytPdKw;Wk; ,Ue;jdH. rl;lJf;Fg;Gwk;ghd Gyk; ngaHe;NjhH jha;yhe;J nghJ Rfhjhu xOq;fikg;Gf;$lhf mtrufhy Rfh jhu Njitfisf; $l ngw Kbahky; ,Ue;jdH. czTf;Fk; Vida cjtpfSf;Fk; cs;SH epWtdq;fspd; jHkj;jpNyNa mjpfk; jq;fp ,Uf;f Ntz;b ,Ue;jJ.

gHkpa Gyk;ngaH njhopyhsHfs; kl;by; kdpj Neag; gjpypWg;G 41 fiuNahuq;fspy; ehrg;gLj;jg;gl;lJld; miyfSf;F gwpnfhLj;j Ntiy mDgjpg;gj;jpuq;fis khw;wp vLf;f Kbahj rpf;fy; cUthfp cs;s epiyapy; ,j; njhopyhspfs; kpfr; rhjhuzkhfNt mtHfsJ njhopy; nfhs;NthHfshy; iftplg;gl;ldH. Gyk; ngaHe;Njhuhy; nra;ag;gLk; Fw;wr; nray;fs; gy E}W gHkpa Gyk;ngaHe;Njhiu tifnjhifaw;W ifJ nra;aTk; jLj;J itf;fTk; jha; mjpfhupfis js;spas;snjd njhlHG+lfq;;fs; $Wfpd;wd. E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd rpyNtis Mapuf;fzf;fhd gHkpa njhopyhsHfs; kpff;fLikahd kdpj cupik kPwy;fspd; mghak;kpf;f gHkhTf;F jha; mjpfhupfshy; gyte;jkhf jpUg;gp mDg;gg;gl;ldH. mtHfsJ rl;lg+Htkw;w Fbapay; me;j];J vd;gJ Ntiy nfhs;NthuhNyh my;yJ rl;lj;ij mKyhf;Fk; cs;@ H mjpfhupfspdhNyh nra;ag;gLk; J];gpuNahfq;fis KiwapLtjw;F xU Gyk; ngaHe;jtiuahtJ Jzpar; nra;tjpy;iy.

jdJ vy;iyfis fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;; rfy Rje;jpuKk; jha;yhe;jpd; jdpg;gl;l cupikahf ,Uf;Fk; mNjNtis njhopypd; epkpj;jk; jq;fpapUf;Fk; rl;lg+Ht cupikapy; FiwTgl;Ls;s Gyk;ngau;e;Njhu; mbg;gil cupikfs; kjpf;fg;gLtjw;F cupj;JilatHfs; vd;gJk; kWf;fKbahj cz;ik. fz;%bj;jdkhd ifJfs; jLj;Jitg;G> ghugl;rk; mw;w xU kpfNkhrkhd #o;epiyfspy; jLj;J Ntiyj;jpl;lj;Jf;Fs;> khdplj; itj;jy; vd;gd rptpy;> murpay; Ehw;Wf;fzf;fhd rpyNtis fhd rHtMapuf;fzf;fhff;$l ,Uf;ff;$ba gu;kpa cupikfSf; Njr xg;ge;jj;jpd; cWg;G Gyk;ngau;e;Njhu;> gu;khTf;F mjpfhupfshy; 9(1) f;Fk; 10f;Fk; 2 vjpuhd kPwy;fshFk;. gNyhj;fhukhfj; jpUg;gpaDg;gg;gl;ldu;. ,t;xg;ge;jj;jpYk;$l jha;yhe;J ifnahg;gk; Njitfis g+H;j;jpahf;Fk; kw;Wk; ,l;Ls;sJ. mNjNtis mjw;F rkkdpj nfsutj;ij kPsf; nfhz;L khfTk; mbg;gilahfTk;> rpj;jputij tUk; mtrpaj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; cs;slq;fyhf ghupa kdpj cupik kdpj Nea gjpypWg;G nghJthf kPwy;fSf;F cl;gl;L xUtH Jd;GWk; mDkjpf;fg;gLfpwJ. Mdhy; gHrhj;jpak; cs;s xU #o;epiyf;F kpa Gyk; ngaHe;Njhupd; Njitfs; vtiuAk; jpUg;gp mDg;ghjpUf;Fk; kl;byhd gjpypWg;G eltbf;iffs; flg;ghl;il rHtNjr tof;fhw;W mtHfsJ Njitfis g+Hj;jp nra;aTk; rl;lj;jpw;F fPo; jha;yhe;J muR ,y;iy mtHfsJ nfsutk; kPsf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. nfhz;Ltug;glTkpy;iy. rl;lg+Ht me;j];J ,Uf;fpwNjh ,y;iyNah Gyk; ngaHe;j midtuJ kdpj vy;yh kdpj capHfSk; nghUshjhu cup ikfisAk; ghJfhj;jy; r%f cupikfs; cs;slq;fyhf jkJ midj;J mbg;gil cupikfSf;Fk; cs;SH mjpfhupfshYk; Ntiy cupj;JilatHfs; vd;gij rHtnfhs;NthuhYk; Gyk;ngaH njhopyhNjr kdpj cupikfs; rl;lk; epiy spfs; ,opTgLj;Jk; tifapy; epWj;Jfpd;wJ. Rdhkpiaj; njhlHe;J elj;jg;gLjy; vd;gJ> Fwpf;fg;gl;l mtrufhy Rfhjhu guhkupg;igg; ngWk; gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; khj;jpuk; gutpAs;s gHkpa Gyk; ngaHe;Njhupd; jpwikiag; xUtif tpahjpahfj;njd;gLk; ,e;jg; nghWj;jkl;by; jha;yhe;J mur jug;G gpur;ridia ,d;W nghJ cyifnahg;gkpl;Ls;s r%f ngghUshfpd; fz;fSf;F Rdhkp neUf;fb jhu fyhrhu cupikfSf;fhd rHtnfhz;L te;Js;sJ. xl;Lnkhj;jkhf 1 Njr xg;ge;jj;jpd; 12k; ruj;jhdJ cs;SH> Njrpa kl;l mjpfhupfcaHkl;l cly; cs MNuhf;fpaj;jpd; shy; vt;thW kdpjNeag; gzp caH kl;l milTg; gpukhzj;Jf;fhd fs; Kd;ndLf;fg;gLfpd;wd vd;w xt;nthUtupdJ cupikiaAk; tpdhf;fisAk; vOg;gpAs;sd. kjpf;fpwJ. ,yq;ifapypUe;J ,e;jpah kdpj Nea cjtpfs; kWf;fg;gl;ljw;Fg; Gwk;Ng gHkpa Gyk;ngaH njhopyhspfs; Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd fhyj;jpy; NtW ghugl;rj;Jf;Fk; J\;gpuNahfj;Jf;Fk; Kfk; nfhLf;fpd;wdH.

jha;yhe;Jf;$lhf ,e;NjhNdrpah tiuAk; ghupa Njitfis vjpH Nehf;Fk; mNjNtis ,yFtha; mghaj;Jf;Fl;gL epiyapYs;s FOf;fSf;F kdpj Nea cjtpfis

tpepNahfpg;gjpy; ,isf;fg;gLk; ghugl;rk; gw;wp mwpf;iffs; gutyhf te;Js;sd.3 Gyk; ngaHe;NjhH rl;lg+Htkw;w gpuNtrr; #o;epiyapy; cs;sNtis> ,d;Dk; rpwg;ghf $Wtjhapd; Kiwaw;wtifapy; Gyk; ngaHe;NjhH ngz;fs;> rpWtHfs;> KjpNahH my;yJ NehAw;Nwhuhf ,Ug;ghu;fshapd; ,yFthf mghaj;ij jOTk; mtHfsJ epiy ,d;Dk; NkhrkhfpwJ. cynfq;fpYKs;s ehLfs; toikahf Kiwaw;w tifapy; Gyk; ngaHe;Njhupd; kl;by; ghugl;rkhd nfhs;iffisNa gpuNahfpf;fpd;wd. kpfr;rpy ehLfNs jkJ fl;Lg;ghl;Lg; gFjpfspy; Kiwaw;wtif Gyk;ngaH #o;epiyf;Fl;gl;tHfSf;F ghJfhg;ig toq;Fk; rl;lg+Htkhd Njitg;ghLfisNah my;yJ epHthff; nfhs;iffisNah nfhz;Ls;sd. Fwpg;ghff; $Wtjhapd; 29 ehLfs; khj;jpNk Gyk;ngaHe;Njhupd; Gyk;ngaH me;j];ij fUjhJ mtHfsJ mbg;gil kdpj cupikfis ghJfhf;f tpN\lkhf cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;s rHtNjr kdpj cupikr; rhrdk; xd;wpy; ifnahg;gkpl;Ls;sd. ,J vy;yhg; Gyk;ngaH njhopyhsHfspdJk; mtHfsJ FLk;g cWg;gpdHfsJk; cupikfis ghJfhg;gjw;fhd I.eh. tpd; rhrdkhFk;.4 ,r;rhrdKk; Gyk; ngaHe;NjhUf;fhd mbg;gil kdpj cupikfs; xg;ge;jq;fSk;> Gyk;ngaHe;Njhupd; cupikfis ghJfhf;Fk; Kf;fpa fUtpfshFk;;. ,d;W mit> Gyk;ngaHT gw;wpa Vuhskhd fUj;jhly;fis cUthf;fpAs;s cs;tuTf; fl;Lg;ghLfs;> cs;thq;fpf;nfhs;sy; vd;gdtw;wpy; khj;jpuk; mOj;jj;ij nfhLf;ftpy;iy vd;gJTk; fz;$L. kdpjNeag; gzpfspd; kl;by; Gyk; ngaHe;NjhH kwf;fg;glkhl;lhHfs; my;yJ ghugl;rj;Jf;Fs;shf khl;lhHfs; my;yJ J];gpuNahfj;ij vjpHnfhs;s khl;lhHfs; vd;gij cWjpnra;Ak; Kf;fpa mk;rkhf kdpj cupikfis jk;kfj;Nj nfhz;Ls;s vy;yh Gyk;ngaHe;NjhUk; kdpj capHfNs vd;w cau; fzpg;G cs;sJ.

gpah Xg;Nuha; n[dpthit ikakhff; nfhz;l rHtNjr kd;dpg;Gr; rigapd; mfjpfs; mjpfhupahthH. ,f;fl;Liuapy; ntspg;gLj;jg;gl;l fUj;Jf;fs; fz;bg;ghf rHtNjr kd;dpg;Gr; rigapd; fUj;ij gpujpgypf;f Ntz;Lnkd;gjy;y. kpd;dQ;ry;: POberoi@amnesty.org www.saydanatsunami.org my;yJ tagmigrants@yahoo.com vDk; ,izaj;jdj;jpy; Rdhkpahy; ghjpg;Gw;w gu;kpa Gyk;ngau; njhopyhopfspy; mf;fiw nfhz;l r%f ika epWtdkhd Rdhkp mf;]d; FUg; gw;wp fhzyhk; 1. www.unhcr.ch/html/menu3/b/a_cescr.htm 2. www.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm 3. See for example Human Rights Watch, ‘End caste bias in tsunami relief’, 14 January 2005 http://hrw.org/English/ docs/2005/01/14/india10019.htm;Amnesty International, Indonesia-Human Rights are Paramount in the relief and reconstruction effort, 18 January 2005 http:// news.amnesty. org/index/ENGASA210032005 4. www.ilo.org/public/english/employment/skills/recomm/ instr/un_9.htm

FMR Rdhkp – ,e;jpah

,e;jpa fUj;juq;F Rdhkp gjpypWg;ig kPsha;T nra;fpwJ mwpf;if rkHg;gpg;NghH Nghyh gdH[p> rg;ahrhr;rp ghR uha; rTj;hp

fy;fj;jh Ma;T tl;lj;jhy; xOq;FgLj;jg;gl;l Gj;jp[Ptpfs; kdpjThpik MHtyu; Ma;T fl;Liuj; njhFg;ghdJ> rhjp rka> ghy; epiy mbg;gilapy; ghugl;rk; ,d;wp cjtpfis ngWtjw;fhd ghjpf;fg;gl;ltHfsJ chpikfs; jkpo;ehL> me;jkhd; epf;NfhghH jPTfspy; Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;l epthuz kw;Wk; GdHtho;T Kaw;rpfspy; kjpf;fg;gl;l msit fzpg;gpl;lJ. jkpo; ehL

Peter Høvring/DanChurchAid/ACT International

,e;jpah> ,dpj;jfiu flw;fiuapy; jw;fhypf trpg;gplq;fs;

fUj;juq;fpy;1 NgrpNahh; ,uhl;rj miyfshy; ghjpg;Gw;w 2.73 kpy;ypad; kf;fspd; NjitfSf;F ,e;jpa kj;jpa murpdJk; jkpo;ehL khdpy murp dJk; Kjy; gjpypWg;G jhkjkhf ,Ue;jJ vd Fwpg;gpl;ldH. Muk;g kPl;G kw;Wk; epthuz gzpfs; rptpy; r%f mikg;Gf;fshy; Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;ljdhy;> muR jpirNfhl;gLj;jpa epthuzg; gzp ahdJ> FOf;fsJ epiyik VidatHfis tpl kpf Nkhrkhf ,Ue;jij ftdj;jpnyLf;fj; jtwptpl;lJ. mur epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lq;fshtd epthuz kw;Wk; GzHtho;T Njitfs; gw;wp Vw;fdNt nfhz;Ls;s Kd;rhu;G vz;zq;fshy; tbtikf;fg;gl;bUe;jd. kpfTk; mghaj;Jf;Fl;gL epiyf;Fl;gl;l jug;ghUf;F cztspf;Fk; mtru NjitfSf;F kj;jpapy;> cjtp epWtdq;fs; epue;jukw;w mur nfhs;iffshy; cUthd Fog;gj;Jf;Fs; %o;fbf;fg;gl;ld. ,jdhy;> Rdhkpahy; Nkhrkhf ghjpf;fg;gl;l ngz;fs;> rpWtHfs;> KjpatHfs;> jPz;lj;jfhjtHfs; vd miof;fg;gLk; jypj;Jf;fs;

kw;Wk; Vida rpWghd;ikapdH> ghugl;rj;Jf;Fl;gl;ltHfsJ Njitfs; ,d;Wk; G+Hj;jpahf;fg;gltpy;iy. Vida ghjpg;Gw;wtHfistpl kPdt r%fq;fs; chpa tpfpjhrhuj;Jf;Fg; Gwk;ghd mstpy; cjtpfis ngw;wpUe;j NghjpYk;> jko;ehl;by; %d;wpy; xU klq;F kPdtHfNs flYf;F kPd;gpbf;f jpUk;gpapUe;jdH. kPd;gpb r%fq;fspd; GdHtho;T xU FWfpafhy ghHitapypUe;Nj ftdj;jpw; nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wJ. kPd;gpbr; r%fq;fSf;F toq;fg;gLk; cjtpfspy; Ie;jpy; ehd;F fld; mbg;gilapNy cs;sd. jkJ clikfspy; mNdfkhdtw;iw jhk; ,se;Js;sjhy;> kPdtHfs; ,f;flid jpUg;gp nrYj;j KbahjtHfshfNt ,Uf;fg; Nghtjhf gag;gLfpd;wdH. kz;Nrfhpg;G eltbf;iffspy; ,Lgl;Ls;s Ruq;ff; $l;Lj;jhgdq;fs;> jkJ nraw;ghLfs; vt;tpjj;jpYk; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;glhjJ Nghd;Wk; jhk; njhopw;gLk; gpuNjrq;fspy; vt;tpj ,lk;ngaHTfs; ,lk;ngwhjkhjphpAk; ele;J nfhs;fpd;wd. njhlHe;Jk; kzy; mfo;tjw;F ,f; fk;gdpfSf;F

mDkjpaspf;fhky; tpl;bUe;jhy; jkJ epyq;fs; gy ghJfhf;fg;gl;bUf;Fnkd;W gyH $Wfpd;wdH. rJg;G epyj; jhtuq;fspd; mopT$l kz; mhpg;ig mjpfhpf;fr; nra;Js;sJ. epjpf;F fl;Lg;ghL ,y;yhj NghjpYk;$l> nghWg;Gf; $Wjy; kpfTk; NkhrkhdjhfNt cs;sJ. Mrpa mgptpUj;jp tq;fp> khdpy muRf;Fk; gpujkH epthu zepjpf;Fk;> khdpy Kjy;tH epth uz epjpf;Fk; fpilf;Fk; tz;zk; Vuhskhd tsq;fis mspj;jpUe;jJ. mur epWtdq;fshYk; murrhHgw;w epWtdq;fshYk; ifahsg;gLk; epjp apd; gad;ghL gw;wpa xopT kiwtw;w ntspg;ghl;bw;fhd Nfhhpf;if ngUks tpy; ngUfpf;nfhz;L tUfpwJ. epthuzg;gzpfspd; eltbf;iffs; gyjlitfspy; czHjF jpwd; mw;wit:  nyhwpf;fzf;fpy; fk;gsq;fs; tl ,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;J te;J ,wq;fpd. Mdhy; #Lk; ntg;gKs;s jkpo;ehl;by; mitahy; vt;tpj gaDkpUf;ftpy;;iy.  ghtpj;j juk;Fiwe;j cilfs; ed;nfhilahf toq;fg;gl;lNghJ kPd;gpbr;r%fq;fs; Nfhgj;Jld; epuhfhpj;jd.  khtl;l mYtyfq;fSk; cs;SH gQ;rhaj;Jk; ngz;fis Xuq;fl;b itj;jdH. ngz; rptpy; gzp ahsHfs;> epthuzg;gzpfSf;F cjtpl <LgLj;jg;gtpy;iy ngz;fs; gps;isfspd; Njitfspd; kl;by; Mz; gzpahsHfs; czHjF

FMR Rdhkp – ,e;jpah jpwid nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy. cjhuzkhf ngz;fSf;F rhwp fs; toq;fg;gl;ld. Mdhy; cs;shilfs; toq;fg;gltpy;;iy.  epthuzg; gzk; Mz; jiyik jhq;Fk; FLk;gj;Jf;Nf nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ. ,oe;j FLk;g cwg;gpdHfSf;fhd el;l<L Mz;fSf;Nf nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ. mJTk; gpioahd topfspy; mit nrytspf;fg;ghlhjpUg;gij cWjpg;gLj;jhky; nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ.  glg;gpbg;ghsHfs; Mjutpoe;j cjtp ,y;yhj ngz;fis glk; gpbf;f xUtu; xUtUld; mbgl;Lf;nfhz;ldu;.  Nrhw;iw gpujhd czthf nfhs;gtHfSf;F rg;ghj;jp nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ. Rdhkpahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l kf;fSf;F tPL mikg;gijAk;> [PtNdhghaj;Jld; njhlHGl;l nghUl;fis toq;FtijAk;> Rdhkpf;F Kd;dH fiu Nahu xOq;F tpjpfis mKyhf;fk; nry;tjpy;,e;jpa muR nfhz;bUe;j Nguhty; jLj;jjpdhy;> NghJkhd msT epjptsj;Jld; ,Ue;j mNdf cs;SH kw;Wk; rHtNjr epWtdq;fs; me;epjpia gad;gLj;j KbahJ jpz;lhLfpd;wd. flw;fiuapy; ,Ue;J 200 kPw;wUf;fg;ghy;; kf;fis kPs; FbNaw;Wk; jPHkhdk; thjg;gpujpthjj;Jf;Fl;gl;lJ. fiu Nahu xOq;F tpjpfis mKy;gLj;Jjy; gw;wpa xopT kiwtw;w jd;ikapy; FiwghL cs;sJ. mNdfH fiu Nahu jilapd; rl;lG+Ht jd;ikgw;wp Nfs;tp vOg;Gk; mNjNtis fiuNahu gpuNjrq;fspd; fl;Lg;ghl;bid gy;Njrpa fk;gdpfs; ngwtjw;fhd fjTfis fl;lha kPs;FbNaw;wk; jpwe;J tpLNkh vd;Wk; gag;gLfpd;wdH. mur jpizf;fsq;fSf;fpilNa xUq;fpizg;G midj;ijAk; cs;thq;fpa GdHtho;T nfhs;ifAk; ,y;yhky; ,Ue;J tUfpd;wJ. cjtpngWtjw;fhd chpj;Jlik mj;jhl;rpia toq;FtJ ghjpf;fg;gl;ltHfspd; kPJ Rikahf tpOe;Js;sJ. murpay; fl;rpfSk; kfspH mikg;Gf;fSk; Rdhkp epthuz nray;ghLfspy; ngz;fs;kPJ fhl;lg;gLk; ghugl;rk; Nghd;w gpur;ridfis fz;Lk; fhzhjJ Nghy; ,Uf;Fk; epiy epyTfpd;wJ. epthuzg;gzpfspy; K];ypk; mikg;Gf;fs; vLj;j gq;F ftdj;jpy; nfhs;sg;gltpy;iy. rptpy; r%f mikg;Gf;fSf;F muR nrtpkLf;fpd;w mNjNtis mtHfsJ MNyhridfis xU NghJk; Vw;Wf;nfhs;tjpy;iy. mur mjpfhhpfs; jkJ ngaiu njhlu;G+lfq;fspy; njhlHe;J jf;fitj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; Njitapdhy; ce;jg;gLkhw;NghyTk;> vjpHkiw tpkHrd epiyia mq;F jtpHg;gjw;F $ba ftdk; nrYj;JtJ NghyTk; njd;gLfpd;wJ. Vuhskhd murrhHgw;w epWtdq;fs; jkf;F rhjfkhd njhlu;G+lhf gpugy;aj;ij jk;kPJ Vw;gLj;Jtjpy;; MHtkha; ,Ug;gJ Nghd;Wk; cs;sJ. Ma;Tf; fl;Liufis Kd;itj;jtHfspy; xUtH Nguoptpdhy; %d;W tifahdtHfs; gyd; ngw;Ws;shHfs; vd Fwpg;gpl;lhH. KjyhtJ tifapdu; jq;ff cztf chpikahsHfs;> ,uz;lhk; tif apdu; thlif thfd fk;gdpfs;> %d;whk; tifapdu; NguopTr; RwWyh topfhl;bfshf nray;gl;L gzkPl;ba kdr;rhl;rpNa ,y;yhj rpy cs;SH murrhHgw;w epWtdq;fs;. ahH cjtp mspg;ghHfs; ahH mspf;fkhl;lhHfs; vd muR ,d;Wk;

,e;jpa fUj;juq;F Rdhkp gjpypWg;ig kPsha;T nra;fpwJ cWjpaha; jPu;khdpf;f Kw;gLfpwJ. rptpy; r%f epWtdq;fs; jkJ gq;Nfw;ig ,d;Dk; ePl;lyhk;. ,e;jp kj;jpaju tHf;fj;jpdUk;> ,e;jpahtpy; thohj ,e;jpaHfSk; Fwpg;gplg;gLk;;gbahd tsq;fis toq;fp cs;sdH. Mdhy; rptpy; r%fj;ij cd;dpg;ghf mtjhdpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; muR ,d;Dk; mt;thW nray;gltpy;iy.

me;jkhd; epf;Nfhghhpd; cjtpfis tbtikg;gjpy; cgfz;l kdepiy. me;jkhd; epf;NfhghH> ,e;jpa ngUFyj;jpypUe;J 1200 fp.kP. fpof;fhf tlf;fpypUe;J njw;fhf gue;J 700 fp.kP J}uj;jpw;F tpahgpj;jpUf;Fk; xU jPTf;$l;lkhFk;. Rkhj;jpuhTf;F rkPgkhf> ,e;jpa mjpfhu gPlj;jhy; cl;gpuNtrk; fLikahf fl;Lg; gLj;jg;gLk; epf;NfhghH> Rdh kpahy; kpfTk; fLikahf ghjpg;Gw;Ws;sJld; 3000 Mjpthrpf; Fbfs; ,we;jpUf;ff;$Lk; vdTk; fzpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s jPTfshFk;. ,j;jPTfs; cs;SH rdehaf Kiw> rl;lkpaw;Wk; fl;likg;G Nghd;wtw;wpy;; Fiwthf cs;sJld; ngUepyg; gug;gpduhy; jpzpf;fg;gLk; nghUj;jkw;w mgptpUj;jpj; jpl;lq;fSf;Fl;gLk; epiyf;Fk; js;sg;gl;Ls;sd. El;gkhd fiuNahu Rw;whlYf;F Vw;gl;l ghjpg; Gf;fs;> cs;SH gpugy;aq;fshYk; ,e;jpa tpkhdg;gilahYk; fiu Nahuf; fl;llq;fspd; fl;Lkhdj;ij jilnra;Ak; xOq;Ftpjpfs; kPwg;gLtjpD}lhfTk; ,d;Dkjpfkhf Nkhrkhf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. murpay; mikg;Gf;fs; rptpy; r%fk; Mfpait mq;F ,y;yhjjhy;> mjpfhuj; jug;ghuJ epthuzj; Njitg;ghLfSf;fhd gjpypWg;Gf;fs; jtpHf;f Kbahjjhf ,Ue;jJ. ,wg;Gf;fisAk; Nrjq;fisAk; fzpg;gpl ,e;jpa muR I.ehitNah my;yJ rHtNjr cjtpfisNah miof;ftpy;iy. epthuz gzpfSf;F ntspehl;L epjp cjtpfisngw ,e;jpah kWj;Jtpl;lJ. Mdhy; cs;SH epHthfj;Jf;F epjpia mDg;Gtjw;F ,e;jpa murrhHgw;w epWtdq;fis C;ffg;gLj;jpaJ. Iehtpd; rpWtH epjpak; khj;jpuNk ,q;F gzpGhpa mDkjpf;fg;gl;Ls;s xU ru;tNjr epWtdkhFk;. gpNsaH ,wq;F Jiw apy; ,wf;Fk;NghJ jdJ nghUl;fis ifg;gw;wpajhf rHtNjr nrQ;rpYit rq;fk; Kiwapl;lJ. ntspehl;L epUgHfisAk; epthuz gzpahHfisAk; gpNsaH ,wq;FJiwf;Fs; khj;jpuNk nray;gl tiuaiw nra;jJld; jPTfSf;Fs; nry;tjw;fhd mDkjpia toq;f kWj;jJ. cs;SH r%fq;fSldhd fye;jhNyhrid nra;jy; rptpy; epHthfj;Jld; tpidj;jpwd;kpf;f ,izT vd;gd ,y;yhj epiy apy; epthuz GdHtho;T gzpfis ,e;jpa ghJfhg;G gilNa Kd;ndLf;fpd;wJ. ,Ue;jNghjpYk;. cs;SH kf;fspd; fUj;Jf;fs;> Njitfs; ftdj;jpnyLf;fg;gly; vd;gJk;> mtHfsJ QhdKk; mDgtKk; kjpf;fg;gLjy; vd;gJk; [PtjhukhdJ. cjhuzkhf epf;NfhghH jPT kPdtHfs; Rdhkpf;F gpd;dhd fhyg;gFjpapy; ngUepyg;gug;gpy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gl;L toq;fg;gl;l> jkf;Fg; nghUe;jhf kPd;gpb cgfuzq;fis Vw;f kWj;Js;shHfs;. Nguoptpd; tpisthf jPTfspy; cs;s kPd;gpbr; rKjhak; ngUk; ghjpg;Gs;shdjhf njhpfpwJ. rJg;G epyf; fhLfs; ntl;l ntspahfpAs;sd. gtog;ghiwfSk; ghjpg;gile;Js;sd.

jPTfspd; nkhj;j rdj;njhifapy; jw;NghJ 12% khfTs;s goq;Fb r%fq;fSf;Fk; ntspahUf;Fkpilapy; xU ghhpa ,dKuz;ghL Vw;gLk; mghaKk; cs;sJ.

fw;w ghlq;fs; epthuzg;gzpfspd; kl;by; vjpUk; GjpUkhfTs;s muR> rptpy; r%fk; kw;Wk; Vida r%fq;fspd; ghj;jpuk; gw;wp kPsTk; rpe;jpf;f Ntz;ba mtru Njitia Rdhkp Nfhbl;Lf; fhl;b cs;sJ. Ma;Tf; fl;Liufspd; Kd;itg;G muq;fj;jpypUe;J ntspg;gl;l gpujhdkhd nfhs;ifrhH ghpe;Jiufshtd.  epthuz epWtdq;fspilNa gykhd xUq;fpizTk;> Nguoptpd; jhf;fq;fs;> ghjpg;Gw;Nwhhpd; Njitfs; gw;wpa jfty; ghpkhw;wKk; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.  ghjpg;Gw;w r%fq;fSf;fhd tpdpNahfj;ij ikakhff;nfhs;shky; mtHfsJ Njitfis ikakhff; nfhz;L ,af;fg;gLtjhf epthuzk; mikaNtz;Lk;.  Rdhkpahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l r%fq;fs; jkf;F vj;jifa epthuzk; nghUj;jkhdJ vd;gij jPHkhdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. gQ;rhj;Jf;fs; NguopTfSf;F gjpypWg;gjpYk; Maj;jk; nra;tjpYk; nghpa ghj;jpuj;ij tfpf;f Ntz;Lk;.  epthuz GdUj;jhud gzpfspd; rfy mk;rq;fspYk; ngz;fspd; FuYf;F Kd;Dhpik nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.  epthuz gzpfspy; rhjp> rka> ghy; epiy. nghUshjhu me;j];J epiy ghugl;rq;fs; cupaKiwapy; ifahsg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.  me;jkhd; epf;NfhghH jPTfspd; tpNrl Fzhjpraq;fs; ftdj;jpnyLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.  NguopTf;Fg; gpd;dhd tsq;fis vt;thW gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdH vd;gJ gw;wpa xopT kiwtw;w jd;ikia mur epWtdq;fs; ntspg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.  GdHtho;itj; jpl;lkpLgtHfs; mur epy nfhs;iffisAk; fpuhk nghUshjhu Kaw;rpfisAk; fz;fhzpf;f Ntz;Lk;.

Nghyh ghdH[p: FMR ,d; MrphpaH gpl MNyhrfH rig cWg;gpdUk; kfhepHghd; fy;fj;jh Ma;T FOtpd; Ma;T xUq;fpizg;ghsUkhtH www.mcrg.ac.in kpd; mQ;ry; paula@mcrg.ac.in rg;ahrhr;rp ghR uha; irsj;hp : MCRG ,d; cWg;gpdUk;> nfhy;nfhj;jh utpe;jpu ghujp gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; murpay; tpQ;Qhd gPlj;jpd; Mrphp aUkhthH. kpd;dQ;ry;: sabyasachi@mcrg.ac.in Kd;itg;G muq;fj;jpd; KO mwpf;ifAk; gpd;tUk; ,izaj;jsj;jpy; cs;sd: www.mcrg.ac.in/tsunami.htm 1.Kd;itg;G muq;f Ngr;rhusHfs;: fhaj;hp Y}apy; (gPg;gps; NthHr; - jkpo;ehL) gpk;yh re;jpuNrfH (vf;jh Nrh]; nrd; Nah-ypkd;- jkpo;ehL) K.M. ghpNtyd; (jkpo;ehL> nrd;id UNHCR mYtyfj;jpy; gzpGhpAk; kdpj Nea MHtyH) guj; Ffh (Child in Need Institute, Kolkata www.ciniindia.org); rkpu; Mr;rhu;ah (Society for Andaman and Nicobar Ecology www. andaman.org/book/Sane/sanetext.htm) Rigu; ngst;kpf; (CRG member, and BBC employee).

FMR Rdhkp – ,e;jpah

jkpo;ehl;by; gytPdkhd> FOf;fSf;fhd xU Fuy;

nkf]; khHl;bd;

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FMR Rdhkp – ,e;jpah

Max Martin

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kf;]; khl;bd; (mfjpfs; fw;if ikaj;jpd; Kd;dhy; khztH) ,tH ngq;fSiuj; jskhff; nfhz;ltH www.indiadisasters.org kpd; mQ;ry; maxmartin@rediffmail.com 1. www.indiadisasters.org 2. www.ips.org/

,e;jpahtpd; njd;Kid fd;ahf;Fkup khtl;lj;jpy; jw;fhypf trpg;gplq;fs;

FMR Rdhkp – ,e;jpah

gjpypWg;gpd; tpidj;jpwd;kpF tpisTj; jhf;fk;: ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fspd; vz;zq;fs; mdp];ah Njhk];> tpkyh ,uhkypq;fk;

“Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd jkJ eltbf;iffis jd;dhHtj; njhz;lH; epWtdq;fs; kPsha;T nra;Ak;Ntis> xU rpy kPsha;TfNs gd;Kfg; ghq;fhd epWtdq;fis cs;thq;Ffpd;wd. kWKidapy; kPl;G kw;Wk; epthuz cjtpfisg; ngWgtHfs; gad;ngWgth;fspd; ghH;itiaf; fzpg;gPL nra;tJ ,d;Dk; mupjhfNt cs;sJ.”

wpl;]; epiyaj;jhy; Rdhkp ghjpg;Gf;Fl;gl;l ,yq;if> ,e;jpahtpy; nra;ag;gl;l mz;ikfhy fzpg;ghdJ cjtp fspd; tpidj;jpwd;kpf;f tpisTj; jhf;fk; gw;wpa gad; ngWgth;fspd; ghHitia Muha;e;jwpe;Js;sJ. ,yq;ifapy; ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fs; jhk; ngw;w cjtp fspd; kl;by; nfhz;Ls;s ghH;itf; Nfhzq;fisf; fhl;bYk; ,e;jpahtpy; ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fspd; ghHitf;Nfhzq;fs; cjtpfspd; kl;by; NeH;jd;ikAld; ,Ug;gjhfNt Muk;gf; fzpg;Gfs; Rl;bf;fhl;Lfpd;wd. ,yq;ifAk; ,e;jpahTk; cjtp gw;wpa tpj;jpahrkhd fijfisf; nfhz;bUe;jd. Vw;fdNt jkJ cs;SH gq;fhsp epWtdq;fisNah my;yJ Neubahd nray; jpl;lj;jpNyh <Lgl;L gpurd;dkhapuhj rHtNjr kdpj Nea epWtdq;fSf;Nfh ,e;jpah cj;jpNahf g+H;tkhf jdJ fjit %baJ. ,e;jpa kj;jpa muR> khdpy muRfs;> mur rhHgw;w epWtdq;fs;> rH;tNjr epWtdq;fs;> jdpahH; $l;Lj;jhgdq;fs; kw;Wk; ,uhZtk; Mfpatw;wpd; epthu zg; nghUl;fs; ahTk; murpdhNyNa xUq;fpizf;fg;gl;ld. ,yq;ifapy; rH;tNjr> Njrpa> gpuhe;jpa> mur rhHgw;w epWtdq;fspd; iffspy; Rdhkpahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l kf;fs; ,yF gad;ghl;Lg; nghUl;fshf ifaspf;fg;gl;ldh;. (murpay; uPjpapy; czH;jF epiy $ba tlfpof;F ,jw;F tpjptpyf;F) Vuhskhd ngupa mDgtk;kpf;f mur rhHgw;w epWtdq;fspd; gq;Nfw;gpUe;j Nghjp Yk; ,yq;ifapy; ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;l cjtpfs; jpUg;jpfukhf mikatpy;iy vd;w ghH;itNa cs;sJ. ,j;jifa tpj;jpahrkhd ghHitf; Nfhzq;fSf;Fg; gpd;dhy; cs;s rhj;jpakhd fhuzq;fis fzpg;gPl;lwpjyhdJ rpy tpdhf;fis vOg;GfpwJ. ,e;jpahtpy; fhzg;gLk; xUKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l ,izg;G> xOq;fikg;G kw;Wk; ,yq;ifapy; fhzg;gLk; Kiwrhuh ,Wf;fkw;w xOq;fikg;G vd ,U NtWgl;l mgpg;gpuhaq;fspd; kl;by; cjtpfspd; tpj;jpahrkhd jhf;fj;jpwd; vj;jifaJ vd;gijg;gw;wpNa mt;tpdhf;fs; vOfpd;wd. fzpg;gPl;by; fye;J nfhz;l gjpypWg;ghsH;fs;> xd;wpy; Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd cjtpfis ngWgtH;fshf my;yJ Rdhkpahy; ghjpg;Gw;W jkJ FLk;g cWg;gpdHfis ,oe;j tsHe;j

FLk;g cWg;gpdHfshf ,Ue;jdH. Ngudu;j;jj;jpdhy; ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fspd; gy;NtW jug;gpdiuAk; gpujpepjpj;Jtg; gLj;Jgtu;fshfTk; gjpypWg;ghsH;fs; fhzg;gl;ldH;. ,e;jpahtpy; 12 khtl;lq;fspy; Kjypy; 100 fpuhkq;fspy; ,Ue;J 800 NgUk; ,yq;ifapy; 97 fpuhkq;fisr; NrHe;j 600 NgUk; fye;J nfhz;bUe;jdH;. mtHfspy; ,e;jpahtpy; 93% khdtH;fSk; ,yq;ifapy; 58% khdtH;fSk; kPd;gpbj;Jiwia rhHe;jtH;fshf ,Ue;jdH;. xt;nthU ghjpg;Gw;w FLk;gj;jpYk;> xU tou;e;j cWg;gpdH gpujhdkhd gjpypWg;ghsuhf nray;gl VidatH;fs; mjw;F gq;fspg;G nra;a Cf;fg;gLj;jg;gl;ldH. ,yq;if ,e;jpah Mfpa ,U ehLfsp YNk ngUk;ghd;ik gjpypWg;ghsH;fs; ngz;fshf ,Ue;jdH;. jpwe;j tpdhf;fs; %ykhf> gapw;wg;gl;l NeH;Kfk; fhz;gtHfspd; xU FOthy;> cs;SH nkhopapy; NeH;Kfk; fhzYf;$lhf juTfs; Nrfupf;fg;gl;ld.

tpj;jpahrq;fs; ,Ug;gij fhl;Lfpd;wd. fzpg;gpy; Fwpg;gpl;l kPl;G> ,we;jtH;fis ,dq;fz;L Gijj;jy;> fopTfis Rj;jk; nra;jy;> kUj;Jt Nrit> ghJfhg;ghd ,lq;fspd; ,Uj;Jjy; cs;slq;fyhd 11 tif cjtp fs; rhHghf xg;gPl;by; ,yq;ifAld; Nehf;Fifapy; jhk; ngw;wpUe;jjhfNt ngUk;ghyhd ,e;jpa kf;fs; $wpdH;. ,e;jpahtpy; 49% khdtHfSf;F Kjy; ,U ehl;fSf;Fs;Sk; VNjh xU tifapy; kPs; jq;Fkpl trjpfs; mikg;gjw;F cjtp mspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Mdhy; ,yq;ifapNyh mJTk; kpfTk; ghjpf;fg;gl;l ehl;by; 3% khj;jpuk; fhzg;gl;lJ. FbePH tpepNahfj;jpd; kl;by; 15% khf cs;s ,yq;ifAld; xg;gpLifapy; ,e;jpahtpy; 35% khdtHfs; gad; mile;Js;sdH. ,e;jpahtpy; 66% gjpypWg;ghsHfs; mtrufhy kUj;Jt rpfpr;ir ngw;Ws;sdH;. ,yq;ifapNyh 33% khdtH;fNs ngw;Ws;sdH;.

Kjy; 48 kzpj;jpahyq;fs; Rdhkp Vw;gl;L Kjy; 48 kzpj;jpahyq;fspd;NghJ fhzg;gl;l tplaq;fs;> ghH;itf; Nfhzq;fs; kw;Wk; kdg;gjpTfs; gw;wp NeH Kfk; fhz;gtHfs; Kjypy; tpdtpdH;. ,e;jpahtpy; 48% khd gjpypWg;ghsH;fs; khj;jpuNk jhk; kPl;Gjtpfis ngw;wjhf $wpdH. ,yq;ifapNyh mJ 31% khf Fiwe;J fhzg;gl;lJ. “,q;F vk;ikj; Njb xUtUk; tutpy;iy ……. ehq;fs; vy;NyhUNk xUtUf;nfhUtH; cjtp nra;aNth my;yJ cldbahf vkJ vjpH;tpidia ntspg;gLj;jNth KbahjsTf;F ghupa mjpHr;rpf;Fs;shfp ,Ue;Njhk;” vd xU ,e;jpa kPdtg; ngz; $wpdhH;. kPl;G Kaw;rpfspd; gad; kw;Wk; tpidj;jpwd;$l Nfs;tpf;Fl;gl;lNj. “jdp egHfshf VuhskhNdhH; may; fpuhkq;fspy; ,Ue;J XNlhbte;jdH. Mdhy; mtHfs; ngupjhf VJk; nra;a Kbatpy;iy” vd ,d;DnkhU gjpypWg;ghsH; $wpdhH;. kPl;G Kaw;rpfspYk; cldb epthuzk; toq;fpajpYk; mjpfk; gq;fspg;G nra;jtHfs; maytH;fSk; gapw;rp ngwhj cs;SH; jd;dhH;tj; njhz;lHfSNk vd mwpf;iffSk; fs NeH;Kfk; fhzy;fSk; ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wd. Kjy; 48 kzpj;jpahyj;Jf;Fs; fpilj;j cjtpfspd; tiffs; rhH ghd gjpypWg;Gf;fs; ,yq;iff;Fk; ,e;jpahTf;Fkpilapy; kpff; Fwpg;ghd

Peter Høvring/DanChurchAid/ACT International

FMR Rdhkp – ,e;jpah

gjpypWg;gpd; tpidj;jpwd;kpF tpisTj; jhf;fk;: ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fspd; vz;zq;fs; 47

ntt;NtW tifahd cjtpfs; nrd;wile;j Ntfj;jpy; Kuz;ghLfSk; tpj;jpahrq;fSk; ,Ue;jd. ,e;jpahtpy; 15% khdtH;fSk; ,yq;ifapy; 8% khdtH;fSk; khj;jpuNk jkJ fhzhkw;Nghd cwtpdH;fis NjLk; Kfkhf rpijTfis mfw;Wk; Jg;guT gzpfs; ,lk;ngw;wjhf $wpdH;. kWjiy ahf Nehf;fpd;> czT ,e;jpahtpy; 90% khdtHfisAk; 78% khdtHfis ,yq;ifapYk; 48 kzpj;jpahyj;Jf;Fs; nrd;wile;Js;sJ. cz;ikapy;> rpy jUzq;fspy; kpjkpQ;rpa czTfs; nrd;wile;jJKz;L. xU ,e;jpa gjpypWg;ghsH; “midj;J tif rikj;j czTfSk; vk;ik te;jile;jJld; mit kpjkpQ;rpAk; fhzg;gl;ld” vdf; $wpdhH;. Muk;g toq;FdH;fspd; tpguf;Fwpg;Gf;fspy; xU jj;&gkhd NtWghL ,Ue;jJ. Kjy; 48 kzpj;jpahyq;fspy; fpl;lj;jl;l 36% khd ,e;jpa gjpypWg;ghsHfSf;F cs;SH mur rhHgw;w ,af;fj;jpd; VNjh tifahd cjtpfs; fpilj;Js;sJld; ,yq;ifapNyh 4% khdtHfSf;Nf fpilj;Js;sd vd;gij gjpypWg;gtHfspD}lhf mwpag;gl;lJ. ,e;jpahtpy; cs;SH mur epHthfk; Fwpg;ghf jkpo; ehl;by; jkJ nfhs;jF jpwDf;F Nkyhf nraw;gl;ldH;. “ehNkh my;yJ khtl;l epHthf mYtyfH;fNsh

epj;jpiu nra;atpy;iy” vd capHgpioj;Njhupy; xUtH; Fwpg;gpl;lJ ,jw;F cjhuzk;. ,e;jpahtpy; miuthrpf;Fkjpfkhd gjpypWg;ghsHfs;> jhk; mur rhu;gw;w epWtdq;fshYk;> r%f epWtdq;fshYk; 12% MAjg;gilfshYk; cjtpaspf;fg;gl;ljhff; $wpdu;. ,yq;ifapNyh MAjg;gilfs; gjpypWg;ghsHfspy; 39%jpdUf;F cjtptoq;fpAs;sdu;. mur rhu;gw;w epWtdq;fs; ru;tNjr epWtdq;fs; toq;fpa cjtpfis 39% khd gjpypWg;ghsHfs; cWjpg;gLj;jpAs;sdu;. ,yq;if murpd; cjtpfis 4% khd gjpypWg;ghsHfNs cWjpg;gLj;jpAs;sdu;. ‘,itnay;yhk; ,lk;ngw;wNghJ muR vq;Nf NghapUe;jJ? midj;JNk jhWkhW’ vd capu;gpioj;Njhu; fUj;Jj;njuptpj;jdu;.

ePz;lfhy cjtp ePz;lfhy mbg;gilapy; cjtp ehk; Nkyjpfkhf Kjy; 60 ehl;fSf;fpilapyhd epthuz Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fs; gw;wp tha;nkhopf; fUj;Jf;fisf;Nfl;Nlhk;. ,yq;if ,e;jpah ,uz;bYNk>NeH;Kfk; fhzg;gl;l miuthrpg;Ngu; mzT tpdpNahfk; ruhrup juj;Jf;F Nkyhf ,Ue;jjhfTk;> mz;zsthf 40%khdtu;fs; jhk; czit ngWk;

Njit Vw;gl;ljd; epkpj;jKk; czT gfpug;gl;l tpjj;jpYk; mtkhd czu;Tf;Fl;gl;ljhff; $wpdu;. ‘rpyNt isfspy; czT gfpu;e;jspf;fg;gl;l kw;Wk; xUq;fikf;fg;gl;l Kiwfsp dhy; jhk; gpr;irf;fhuu; Mfptpl;l czu;T Vw;gl;lnjd xU gjpypWg;ghsH $wpdhu;. ,e;jpahtpy; epthuzk; rhu;e;j midj;J mk;rq;fspYk; toptlj;Jk; gq;fpid muR vLf;f ,yq;ifapNyh mjid ru;tNjr epWtdq;fs; nra;jd. ,e;jpahtpy; jdpahu; Jiw Fwpg;glj;jf;f toikf;Fkhwhd cupaghj;jpuk; jhq;fp nray;gl;lJ Nghd;W njd;gLfpwJ. ,q;F Kd;itf;fg;gl;l Muk;g KbTfs; ngw;w gjpypWg;Gf;fisf; fhl;bYk; Nkyjpfkhd tpdhf;fisNa njhLj;Js;sd. ,Ue;jNghjpYk; mit cg tpisTj;jhf;fk; kw;Wk; fw;Wf;nfhz;l ghlq;fspy; Kd;Ndw;wk; vd;gdtw;wpd; kl;by; fzpg;gPLfspy; ghjpg;Gw;wtu;fSk; cs;thq;fg;glNtz;ba njitia mOj;jp Nfhbl;Lf;fhl;b cs;sd.

mdp];ah Njhk]; gpwpl;]; epiyaj;jpd; epu;thf ,af;Fdu; Mthu;.(www.fritzinstitute.org) kpd; mQ;ry;: anisya.thomas@ fritzinstitute.org tpkyh ,uhkypq;fk; ,e;jpa nrQ;rpYitr; rq;fj;jpd; Kd;dhs; nrayhsu; ehafkhthu;. kpd; mQ;ry;: vimalaramalingam@yahoo.com

,e;jpah> ,dpj;jfiuapy; Rdhkp> Xiyf; Fbirfis mbj;Jr; nrd;wJld; nrq;fy;yhy; my;yJ fhq;fpwpl;lhy; fl;lg;gl;l tPLfisAk; gykhfr; Nrjg;gLj;jp As;sJ.

FMR Rdhkp – khiyjPT

njhiye;j mg;ghtpj;jdk; khiyjPtpy; Rdhkp 2004 khHfopr; Rdhkp ntsp cyfpd; tpopfSf;Fs; Njdpytpd; miktplk; vd;w khiyjPtpd; Njhw;wg;ghl;il NguopT tyak; vd;w kd cUthf xH ,uTf;Fs;NsNa nrUfpaJ.

e;j 1200 gtsj; jPTfisf; nfhz;l jPTf; $l;lk; cyfpNyNa 2.4 kPw;wUf;Fk; jho;epiyapy; cs;s ve;j xU ehl;ilAk;tpl caH jho;epiy nfhz;lit vd;why; kpifahfhJ. Nguoptpy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk;gbahf ,we;jtHfspd; vz;zpf;if Fiwthf ,Ue;j NghjpYk; miyfs; Njrpa mstpy; ghupa mopTfis cUthf;fp cs;sd:

 108 Ngu; xd;wpy; ,we;Njh my;yJ fhzhkNyh NghAs;sdH.  FbapUg;Gf;fisf; nfhz;l 199 jPTfspy; 13 ,ypUe;J Kw;WKOjhf midtUk; ntspNaw;wg;gl;Ls;sdH.  ngWkjpkpf;f Nky;kz; flYf;Fs; fOtg;gl;L Ngha;tpl;lJ.  100 tpfpjj;jpw;Fk; mjpfkhd jPTfs; fy;tp> Rfhjhuk;> Nghf;Ftuj;J> njhlHghly; Mfpa Jiwfspd; gpujhdkhd cs;sf fl;Lkhdq;fis ,oe;Js;sd.  10 tpfpjj;Jf;Fk; mjpfkhd tPl;Lf; foQ;rpaq;fs; mopf;fg;gl;Ls;sJld; Vuhskhdit gOjile;Js;sd.  15>000 njhlf;fk; 30>000 f;Fk; ,ilg;gl;l mjhtJ 5% njhlf;fk; 10% khd kf;fs; Muk;gj;jpy; ,lk;ngaHe;jdH.  rdj;njhifapy; %d;wpy; xd;wpd; tho;f;ifapNyh my;yJ tho;thjhuq;fspNyh ghuJ}ukhd ,ila+Wfs; Vw;gl;Ls;sd. gq;Fdp eLg;gFjpfspy; murpd; cs;sf ,lk; ,lk;ngaHe;NjhH gpupT> Mff;Fiwe;jJ 12>000 cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;NjhH ehl;by; ePz;l fhy mbg;gilapy; ,Ue;jjhf fzpg;gpl;;lJ. ,Ue;jNghjpYk; kf;fs; nghJthf ,lj;Jf;fplk; ,lk; ngaHe;J nrd;W tho;tjdhYk; mNdfkhdtHfs; jkJ neUq;fpa cwtpdHfs; ,y;yq;fspy; ciwtplj;ijj; Njbf; nfhz;ljdhYk;> cz;ikahd ,lk; ngaHe;NjhH gw;wpa jtfy;fs; kpf kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;ljhfNt cs;sd. Rdhkpahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l Vida ehLfisg; Nghyy;yhJ> khiyjPT mz;ikf;fhy MAj Kuz;ghLfspNyh my;yJ ,aw;if mopTfspNyh mDgtj;ijf; nfhz;buhjjdhy;> ,e;j mstpyhd mtrufhy epiyikiaf; ifahs Maj;jkhapUf;ftpy;iy. NguopTf;F Kd;dH I.eh. mgptpUj;jp jpl;lk;> I.eh. epWtH epjpak;> cyf Rfhjhu epWtdk; vd;gd khj;jpuNk rpwpa mYtyfq;fisf; nfhz;bUe;jd. ,jdhy; I.eh.tpd; gpurd;dk; kpf kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l mstpNyNa Rdhkpf;F Kd; ,Ue;jjdhy;> vjpHNehf;fpa rthy;fs; ghupajhf ,Ue;jd. If;fpa ,uhl;rpaj;jpd; tP.v];.X khj;jpuNk xNu xU rHtNjr epWtdkhf khiyjPtpy; ,Ue;Js;sJld; cs;Su; mur rhHgw;w epWtdj; JiwAk; kpfr; rpwpajhf ,Ue;jJ. rHtNjr r%fj;jpd; Nritfs; NtW ehLfspy; kpfg; ngUks

tpy; Ntz;lg;gl;ljpdhYk; cs;sf ,lk;ngaHe;Njhiu ifahSk; Njrpa jpl;lk; xd;W tFf;fg;glhjjpdhYk; khiyjPT murhq;fk; Nguoptpd; Muk;g fl;lq;fspy; gupjhgkhd fw;wy; gbKiwfSf;F Kfk; nfhLj;jJ. mtrufhy epthuzf; fhyfl;lj;jpy;> ePH> czT tpepNahfk;> kUj;Jt cjtp> kpd;rhu tpepNahfj;ij rPHnra;jy;> jfty; jpul;ly; Nghd;w mk;rq;fis fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjpy; Nghf;Ftuj;J Fwpg;gplg;gLk;gbahd gpujhd fhuzpahf ,Ue;jJ. khiyjPtpd; epy mikthdJ tlf;fpypUe;J njw;fhf 850 fP.kP f;F khj;jpuk; gue;Js;s xU epyg;gug;Gf;Fs; 199 jPTfspd; FbapUg;ghsHfisr; rpjwr; nra;J ghupa rthiy tpLf;fpwJ. mj;Jld; mNef Nghf;Ftuj;J cs;sf fl;Lkhdq;fs; Fwpg;ghf tpkhd epiya> JiwKf> ,wq;F Jiw> glF Nrit Nghd;wit Rdhkpapy; mope;J Nghapd. Xl;Lnkhj;j yhK mw;Nwhy; (jPT) gy ehl;fshfj; njhiy njhlHG trjpapd;wp ,Ue;jJ.

rthy;fSk;; jPh;TfSk; Nkw;Fwpj;j ,j;jifa R+o;epiyfSf;Fs;Sk;> epthuzg; gjpypWg;G eltbf;iffs; tpidj;jpwd; kpf;fjhfNt ,Ue;jd. Fwpg;ghf> czT> ePH kw;Wk; Rfhjhu trjpfs; vd;gdtw;wpy; mjptpiuthd tpepNah fk;> Rdhkpapd; Neub ghjpg;Gf;fshy; Vw;gl;l ghjpg;Gf;Fg; Gwk;Ng vt;tpj njhw;W Neha; gutiyNah my;yJ kuzq;fisNah rk;gtpf;ftplhky; nra;jpUe;jJ. ,Ug;gpDk; ePz;l fhy Nehf;fpy; ehL ghupa rthy;fis Kfq; nfhLf;fj; njhlq;fpaJ. miyfshy; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;l cly;> cs> r%f> nghU shjhu ghjpg;Gf;fis rPH nra;tjpYk; Rdhkpf;F Kd;dhd tho;f;ifj; juj;ij kPz;Lk; nfhz;L tUtjpYk; Mw;wg;gLk; gzpfSld; NrHj;J> vjpHfhyj;jpy; Vw;glf; $ba NguopTfSf;F> Fwpg;ghf g+Nfhs rkepiy khw;wj;jhy; fly; kl;l caHr;rpia Kd;$l;bNa fzpj;J ,e;j rpwpa jPTfs; ,yFthf mghaj;Jf;Fl;gLk; epiyia Fiwg;gjw;F> kpfg; gue;j mstpy; Vuhskhd Ntiy fisAk; nra;a Ntz;bAs;sJ. cs;sf ,lk; ngaHe;Njhupd; gpur;rpidfs;> xl;L nkhj;j ehl;bd; ePz;l fhy mbg;gilapyhd mgptpUj;jp ,yf;Ffis> ftdj;jpy; cs;thq;fpa tz;zk; FLk;gq;fspdJk; r%fq;fspdJk; Rdhkpf;Fg; gpd;dhd NjitfSf;F gjpypWg;gJld; njhlHGgl;lJkhd kpfTk; ftdj;Jf;Fl;gl;l rkepiy jd;ik nghUe;jpa eltbf;if xd;iwNa ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wd. Xt;nthU jPTNk jdf;nfd tpNrl Fzhk;rj;ijAk; kpfg;gykhd r%ff; fzpg;igAk; nfhz;Ls;s xU Njrpaj;ij ,izg;gjw;F tpj;jpahrkhd jPHTfs;> jw;fhypf

`pb gpuTz;

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Scott Leckie

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FMR Rdhkp – khiyjPT/Mgphpf;fh

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`pb gpuTz; - khiyjPT Rfhjhu mikr;rpy; gzpGhpAk; tPv];X jd;dhHtg; gzpahsH. kpd;dQ;ry;: heids_on_ tour@yahoo.com ,f;fl;Liu mtuJ jw;Wzptpy; vOjg;gl;lJ. 4

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Rdhkp gw;wpa Xh; Mgphpf;f fUj;J epiy

gfhkp nuhk; ead;Lfh

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HtNjr r%fj;jpd; ftdk; njd; Mrpa ehLfspy; Vw;gl;l Nrjq;fspy; Ftpf;fg;gl;l Ntis> kj;jpa Nfhl;bypUe;J 6000km f;F mg;ghy; ,e;J rKj;jpuj;jpd; Nkw;Fg; gf;fj;jpy; Rdhkp Vw;gLj;jpa jhf;fj;jpw;F vt;tpj ftdKk; nfhLf;fg;gl;ljhfj; njupatpy;iy. jd;rhdpah 10 NgH ,we;jjhf mwptpj;jJ. nfd;ahtpy; ,UtH. Mdhy; 14 tUl Aj;jj;jhYk; tul;rpahYk; tYtpoe;JNghd kj;jpa muirf; nfhz;lJk; mjpfk; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shdJkhd Nrhkhypahtpy; 290 kuzq;fSk; fpl;lj;jl;l 54>000 Nghpd; ,lk;ngaHTk; ,lk;ngw;wJ. fiuNahu kf;fspd; 75% tPjkhd tUkhdj;ijf; nfhLj;j 600 kPd;gpbg; glFfs; Nrjkhf;fg;gl;ld. tlfpof;fhf `hGd; ,y; ,Ue;J fufl; tiuahd 650 fp.kP. gue;J tphpe;j fiuNahu kf;fspd; tho;Tk; njw;fhf fPo; [Pgh gpuNjrk;> mNjNghd;W nkhfbR tpd; njw;F vd;gdTk; ghjpf;fg;gl;ld. Ra khfg; gpufldg;gLj;jg;gl;l Rahl;rpg; gpuhe;jpakhd Gd;l;yhd;l; ,Yk; ghhpa Nrjk; Vw;gl;lJ. `hGd; efhpd; cs;sff; fl;Lkhdq;fs; midj;Jk; mNdfkhf mopf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. cjtp epthuzj;Jf;fhfg; ghpe;Jiuf;f> Nrhkhypah xU muir nfhz;buhjJ Iehtpd; jatpy; jq;fpapUf;Fk; epiyia Vw;gLj;jp cs;sJ. Ieh rpWth; epjpaKk; cyf czT epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lKk; tiuaWf;fg;gl;l jkJ

tsq;fSf;Fs; epiwaNt nra;Js;sdH. Mdhy; epjp epWtdq;fs; ehl;bd; Njitfspd; kl;by; nghWg;gw;wtHfshf ,Ue;J tUfpd;wd. rpj;jpiu khj Muk;gj;jpy; Iehtpd; Nrhkhypahtpw;fhd 2005k; Mz;bd; jpul;ba tpz;zg;gj;jpy; Nfhug;gl;bUe;j epjpapy; 3 tPjkhdNj cWjpaspf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. ,e;J rKj;jpu ehlhd nra;r;rpy;yp]; ,y; 2 NgH ,we;Jk; 900 FLk;gq;fs; jkJ tPLfis ,oe;Jk; ,Ue;jd. miyfs; ghhpa nts;sj;ijj; Njhw;Wtpj;jJld; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; gbahd Nrjj;ij Jiw Kfk; cs;slq;fyhf Nghf;Ftuj;J> cs;sf fl;Lkhdk;> tPjp tiyg;gpd;dy;> ghyq;fs;> nghJ trjpfs;> tPLfs;> kfp kw;wk; gpu];bd; jPTfspd; jdpahH nrhj;Jf;fs; vd;gdtw;Wf;F Vw;gLj;jp ,Ue;jd. muR Vw;gl;l Nrjj;ijj; jpUj;j 30 kpy;ypad; mnkhpf;f nlhyH fisf; fzpg;gpl;bUe;jJ. ,Ug;gpDk; rHtNjr r%fq;fs; gjpypWg;gjpy; kpf jhkjkhfNt ,Ue;jd. itfhrpapd; Muk;gj;jpy; Iehtpd; ,e;J rKj;jpu mtru tpz;zg;gj;jpy; jpl;lkplg;gl;bUe;j 11.5 kpy;ypad; mnkhpf;f nlhyhpy; 4.4 kpy;ypaidNa nra;r;rpy;yp]; ngw;wJ. ,jdhy; jpl;lkplg;gl;l GdHtho;T Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpid jhkjkhf Muk;gpf;fg;glNtz;b ,Ue;jJ. nfd;ahTk; jd;]hdpahTk;jhd; Rdhkpahy; ,Wjpahfj; jhf;fg;gl;l

,UehLfs;. cy;yhrg; gazpfs; flw;fiu cy;yhr tpLjpf spy; ,Ue;J mfw;wg;gl;ldH. ,Ug;gpDk; ,we;jtHfis ,r;nra;jp vl;bapUf;ftpy;iy. ,uhl;rj miyfspd; mopTj;jpwd;gw;wp Vida ehLfsplkpUe;J fpilf;Fk; jfty;fisf; flj;Jtjw;fhd cjTk; ,aq;FEl;gk; mjpfhhpfSf;F ,Uf;ftpy;iy. Mgphpf;fhtpy; rptpy; ghJfhg;G jahHepiyf;Fk; Nguopitf; Fiwf;Fk; epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lj;jpw;Fkhd Njitia Rdhkp ntspg;gLj;jp cs;sJ. ,jid kjpj;jjd; tpisthf> rPd nrQ;rpYitr; rq;fKk; rPd muRk; NguopTf;fhd gjpypWg;Gf; nfhs;jF jpwid Nkk;gLj;Jk; Kfkhf> jd;rhdpa nrQ;rpYit rq;fj;Jf;F ed;nfhil mspj;Js;sdH. rHtNjr r%fk; Mgphpf;fhtpy; Rdhkp ahy; Nkhrkhfg; ghjpg;Gw;w kf;fSf;Fk;> r%fq;fSf;fk;> ehLfSf;Fk; cjTtjw;F Vuhsk; nra;a KbAk;. Mgphpf;fhtpy; Rdhkp kw;Wk; vjpHfhy NguopTf;fhd vy;yh tpj gjpypWg;G eltbf;iffSk; cs;sf ,lk;ngaHT rhHe;j Iehtpd; topfhl;ly; Nfhl;ghLfspd; nghUj;jg;ghl;bid kjpg;gjD}lhf tbtikf;fg;glNtz;Lk;.

gfhkp nuhk;; ead;Lfh> khdpl kw;Wk; kf;fspd; chpikfSf;fhd Mgphpf;f Mizaj;jpd; cWg;gpdUk;> Mgphpf;fhtpd; cs;sf ,lk; ngaHe;jtHfs;> mfjp me;j];J NfhUNthH> mfjpfs; MfpNahUf;fhd tpNrl njhlHghsUkhthu;. kpd;dQ;ry;: btomn@yahoo.com

FMR Rdhkp – Mgphpf;fh

Nrhkhypahtpd; jw;Nghija gpur;rpidfis Rdhkp NkYk; Nkhrkilar; nra;fpwJ kdpj Nea mYty;fis xd;wpizf;Fk; I. eh. mYtyfk;> Nrhkhypah

RdhkpahdJ> Vw;fdNt kdpj mtyr; R+o;epiyahd njhlH tul;rpapd; tpisT> ciwa itf;Fk; vjpHghuhj kio> R+whtsp> fpsHe;njOk; td;Kiw> rkahrka nts;sk; Nghd;wdtw;Wld; $l;Lr;Nru;e;js;sJ.

ul;rp KbTf;FtUk; me;jj; jUthapYk;> gd;klq;fhfp epd;w ,j;jifa mjpHr;rpfspy; ,Ue;J [PtNdhghaj; Jiwfs; kPsj; njhlq;Fk; me;j NtisapNy Rdhkp jhf;fpAs;sJ. ‘fufhl;’f;F tlf;fpy; njd;gFjpf;Fr; rw;Wj; njhiy tpy; `hGd; ,y; ,Ue;j Gd;l;yhd;l; gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; ngUk; fiuNahug; gFjp ia> Fwpg;ghf 650 fp.kp. gue;j fiu Nahug; gFjpia Rdhkp jhf;fpAs;sJ. Rdhkpapd; jhf;fk;> kdpj capHr;Nrjk;> cs;sf fl;Lkhdq;fspy; mopT> ePH tsq;fs; mRj;jkiljy;> [PtNdh gha cgfuzq;fspd; ,og;G vd gy;NtW tpisTfis Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ. fpl;lj;jl;l 44>000 kf;fSf;F mjhtJ mz;zsthf 7>300 FLk;gq;fSf;F FbePH> czT> kUj;Jtk; kw;Wk; tPLfs;> jq;Fkpl GdHepHkhzk; my;yJ fl;Lkhdk; vd;gd cs;slq;fyhd mtrufhy kdpj Nea cjtpfs; Njitahf ,Ue;jd. fiuNahuj;ij mz;ba fpuhkq;fspy; tho;e;j mNdfkhdtHfspd; [PtNdhghak;$l ghjpf;fg;gl;lJ. Fwpg;gplj;jf;f mstp yhd NrhkhypaHfs; cr;r kPd;gpbf; fhyj;jpy; (fhHj;jpifapypUe;J khrp tiuapyhd fhyg;gFjp) kPd; gpbf;fTk;> gjdplTk;> tpw;gid nra;aTk; fiu Nahuk; nry;tJ tof;fk;. Rdhkp jhf; fpa Ntis toikf;F khwhf rd mlHj;jp> fiuNahuk; vq;fpYk; kpf caHthf ,Ue;jJ. ,jd; tpisthf 289 kPdtHfs; ,we;Njh my;yJ fhzhkw; NghNah cs;sdH. fiu Nahu r%fq;fspd; gpujhd tUkhdk; <l;Lk; njhopw;ghlhd kPd;gpbj; Jiwf;F ,ioj;j Nrjk; kpfg; ngupaJ. ke;ij Nka;f;Fk; r%fq;fspy;> rpy FLk;g cWg;gpdHfs; jkJ fhy; eil fSld; ePH kw;Wk; Gy; jiufis ehb xt;nthU tUlKk; ePz;l fhyk; ,lk; ngaHe;J nry;tJk; Vida FLk;g cWg;gpdHfs; mbg;gil Nritfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sf; $ba ,lq;fspy; jq;fp ,Ug;gJk; xU nghJthd tplak;. njhlHr;rpahfTk; tplhg;gpbj;jdkhfTk; 4 tUlq;fs; ePbj;jpUe;j tul;rp> ngUksT ke;ijfis fzf;fpy;yhky; mopj;jjpd; tpisthf Mjutw;wtHfshf khwpapUe;j ke;ij Nka;g;gHfs;$l khw;W [PtNdhgha topfis Njb fiuNahuf; fpuhkq;fSf;F efHe;jpUe;jdH. mtHfsJ> ,Wjpahf vQ;rp kpQ;rpapUe;j tsq;fs; $l Rdhkp apy; ,of;fg;gl;Ltpl;ld. mNef ke;ij Nka;g;gtHfSf;F> ghuk;gupa vjpHT nfhs;sy; je;jpNuhghaq;fspd; rpijTf;F ,l;Lr; nry;Yk; ,Wjp mwpFwpahf Rdhkp cs;sJ.

czT> [Pthjhu ghJfhg;Gj;jd;ik> xl;Lnkhj;j Mgj;Jf;Fs;shFk; epiy vd;gd fLikahfg; gPbj;Js;sd. 2005k; Mz;L njhlf;fj;jpy; FAO ,d; czTg; ghJfhg;Gg; gFg;gha;Tg; gpupthy;> rpW kiof;F Kd;dH ntspapl;l fzpg;gPl;by; 500>000 f;Fk; mjpfkhd kf;fSf;F #oy; rPuopTf;F fhuzkhd gpur;rid> tul;rpapd; njhlHr;rpahd jhf;fk;> nts;sk;> rptpy; Aj;jk;> tHj;jfj;Jf;F njhlHr;rpahf ,Ue;JtUk; jil vd;gdtw;wpd; tpisthf njhlHr;rpahf kdpj Nea cjtpfs; Njitahf cs;sd vd;gij Rl;bf;fhl;bapUe;jJ. mj;Jld; mz;zsthf 370>000 ,lk; ngaHe;NjhH> mbg;gilr; Nritfs;> tUkhd <l;lYf;fhd tha;g;G> Nghd;wdtw;iw ngWtjpy; jho;epiyapYk;> kpff;fLikahd tWikapYk; tho;fpd;wdH.

rHtNjr r%fkhdJ Rdhkpf;F kpf tpiuthf gjpypWf;fj;jf;fjhf ,Ue;jJld; nghJthd ghJfhg;gpd;ik> kpf Nkrkhd ftdpg;ghuw;w tPjp> cs;sff; fl;Lkhdk;> nghUl;fisg; ngWtjpy; fhzg;gl;l ghuJ}ukhd gpur;rpidfs; vd;gtw;Wf;F kj;jpapYk; ghjpg;Gw;w r%fq;fSf;F epthuzj;ij toq;fpaJ. khrp 2005 ,y;> epWtdq;fSf;fpilapyhd gy;gpupTf; fzpg;gPl;Lg; gzpf;FO> jdJ Ma;tpy; Kd;Ndw;ghlhf epthuzg; nghUl;fs; Nrkpj;J itj;jpUe;jjpdhYk; ,e;J rKj;jpu tpiuthd Ntz;LNfhSf;$lhfg; ngw;w cs;SH Kuz;ghLfs;> tul;rpapd; epjpapy; nfhs;tdT nra;ag;gl;l Nkyjpf jhf;fk; vd;gdtw;wpy; Jd;GWk; ifapUg;gpd; epkpj;jKk; ghjpg;Gw;w gpuNjrq;fspy; 20% ,w;Fk; mjpf kf;fspd; rpf;fy;kpf;f kdpj Njitfs; khd Nghrhf;fpd;ik gjpthfp g+Hj;jp nra;ag;gl;Ls;sd vd;gij cs;sJ. Fwpg;ghf [_th kw;Wk; fz;lwpe;jdH. mj;Jld;> ,g;gzpf; [_L gpuhe;jpaq;fspy; ,e;epiy FOtpdH> Mff;Fiwe;jJ 40% khd fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ghjpf;fg;gl;l kf;fs; njhlHr;rpahd MjuitAk; [PtNdhgha mNdf ,ilau;fSf;F> ghuk;gupa cjtpiaAk; mLj;j kPd;gpb fhyg;gFjpahd vjpu;Tnfhs;sy; je;jpNuhghaj;jpd; rpijTf;F Ig;grp 2005 tiu ngw;Wf; mtu;fis ,l;Lr; nry;Yk; ,Wjpf; fhuzpahnfhz;bUf;Fk;NghNj gjpypWg;Gj; jpl;lkhdJ fr; Rdhkp cs;sJ mtru fhy eltbf;ifapypUe;J kPl;rp kw;Wk; GdHtho;T nraw;ghLfSf;F Rdhkpahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l kf;fspd; khw;wg;gl Ntz;Lnkd;W MNyhridAk; mtrufhy Njitfs; ngUkstpy; toq;fpdH. g+Hj;jpahFk; Ntisapy;> Vida mghaj;Jf;Fs; ,yFthf cl;gLk; jw;NghJ [.ehtpd; Nrhkhypahtpw;fhd my;yJ vjpHNehf;FNthupd;kPJ ,dp FOtpdH Rdhkpahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l ftdk; Ftpf;fg;gly; mtrpak;. Rdhkp gpuNjrq;fSf;fhd xd;wpize;j ia Nehf;fp ftdk; jpUg;gg;gLk;NghNj> mgptpUj;jp Ntiyj;jpl;lj;ijj; Vida mNjNtis mjw;F jPHkhdpf;Fk; gbKiwapy; cs;sdH. rkkhdtw;wpd; kPJk; ,yf;F itj;j ,J Nrhkhypahtpy; fhzg;gLk; capu;fhf;Fk; Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fSk; gue;j fLikahd kdpj Nea ftdj;jpy; nfhs;sg;gly; mtrpak;. R+o;epiyAld; Nkyjpfkhd RdhkprhH ,y;iynadpy; ,d;Dkjpfkhd gjpypWg;Gf;fis xd;wpizf;f cjtymghaj;Jf;Fs; ,yFthf cl;gLk; hk;. mj;Jld; Rdhkp gjpypWg;G vd;gJ jug;Gf;fspd; mgha epiyia XU gFjp khj;jpuk; vd;gJld; Vida mjpfupf;Fk;. ts xJf;fPl;by; rkepiy khdpl NjitfsAk; ftdj;jpnyLj;J kw;Wk; tpfpjhrhuk; NgzYf;fhd nraw;gLfpd;wnjd;gij cWjpg;gLj;jTk; Njit gw;wpa czHT> Mjutpd;wp nra;Ak;. cs;s ke;ij Nka;g;gtHfspd; Fuypy; njhdpj;jJ. Rdhkpahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l gpuhe;jpaj;Jf;fg;ghy;> Nrhkhypahtpd; Rdhkpahy; ghjpg;Gw;w fiuNahuj;ij Vida gy;NtW gpuhe;jpaq;fspYk; Nehf;fpr; nry;Yk; cjtpfis ghHj;j mtHfs; ‘ehk; cz;gjw;nfd;W ,Ug;gJ cq;fsJ wf; tz;bfs; tpl;Lr;nry;Yk; GOjp khj;jpuNk’ vd Kiwapl;ldu;.

“cq;fsJ wf; tz;bfs; tpl;Lr;nry;Yk; GOjpjhd; ehk; cz;Zf;$ba xNunahU nghUs;”

,f;fl;LiuahdJ> Nrhkhypahtpw;fhd kdpj Nea mYty;fis xd;wpizf;Fk; I. eh. mYtyfg; gzpahsu;fshy; vOjg;gl;lJ. Nkyjpf jfty;fSf;F kpd; mQ;ry; : dilorenzoa@un.org or nduta@un.org

e;jg; glq;fs; ahTk; ,yq;ifapd; kl;lf;fsg;G khtl;lj;jpy; thOk; rpWtHfshy; tiuag;gl;l 62 rpj;jpuq;fspd; njhFg;Gfspy; fhzg;gLgit. 5 taJ njhlf;fk; 16 taJ tiuahd rpWtHfs; Rdhkpapd; JaHkpF epidTfis mopg;gjw;F cjtpahf ,tw;iw tiue;jdu;. ,it gpUj;jhdpa Nty;]; ,d; Njrpa fhl;rpaj;jpy; fhl;rpf;F itf;fg;gl cs;sd. khHfop 2005 ,y; mit ,izaj; jsj;Jf;$lhf Vyj;jpy; tplg;gl;L jpul;lg;gLk; epjp fjpuntsp vDk; fpuhkj;jpYs;s rpWtH mdhij ,y;yj;jpw;F toq;fg;gLk;. (,f;fpuhkj;jpNyNa ,uz;L jrhg;j fhy Aj;jj;jhy; mdhijahf;fg;gl;ltHfSld; mNdfH ,q;F xd;whf ,d;W tho;fpd;wdH) ypt;tpq; nfupNl[; w];l; vDk; cs;Su; epWtdk;> cyfpd; gy;NtW ,lq;fisAk; Nru;e;j njhz;lHfspd; cjtpAld; Rdh kpahy; capH gpioj;Njhupd; tho;it kPsf; fl;bnaOg;g cioj;J tUfpd;wdH. vg;.vk;.MH ,d; thrfHfs; Vyj;jpy; fye;J nfhs;stijg;gw;wp ftdj;jpy; nfhs;syhk;.. mNjNtis ed;nfhil mDg;Gtnjd;why; Llanwrtyd Wells Tsunami Appeal, HSBC, 35 High Street, Builth Wells, Powys LD2 3DL, Wales, UK. Account number 41390856. Sort code 40-15-14

rpj;jpu Ntiyg;ghL kw;Wk; Vyk; njhlghd Nkyjpf jfty;fSf;F Gwyneth Keeble: Tel + 44 (0)1591 610645; kpd;dQ;ry; Terry9254@aol.com ypt;tpq; nfupNl[; w];l; rpWtH fiyQH gw;wpa jfty;fSf;F ,izajsk;: http://livingheritage.org kw;Wk; http://news.websfor. com/lankarelief/home/home. asp?A969 my;yJ fbjj; njhlu;Gf;F 46-C, Fisherman Road, Tiruchendur, Kallady, Batticaloa, Sri Lanka. Tel: +94 77 318 4484

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