Craft doc coconut shell goa final

COCONUT SHELL CRAFT, GOA National Institute of Fashion Technology Master of Design Batch (2016-18)

COCONUT SHELL CRAFT GOA National Institute of Fashion Technology, Mumbai Master of Design Batch (2016-18)

Acknowledgment We take this opportunity to express profound gratitude to our faculty, Ms. Rashmi Gulati Ma’am. The completion of this project could only have been successful under her guidance and constant motivation.

Coordinated by : Mrs. Rashmi Gulati (Course Coordinator, Masters in Design space)

We are obliged to the head of the NGO, Mr. Netalkar introducing us to his artisans.

Core Team : Afeefa Anjum Baig Aniya Varghese Lekshmi A Sabina Khan Sanjana Dalal Shailja Singh Teja Kumar

We express our deepest thanks to our artisans, Mrs. Veena Khandolkar, Mrs.Anita Mashelkar, Mrs. Rajashri Jalmi and Mrs. Pramila Jalmi for being so kind and welcoming. For going out of their way to help us implement our ideas.

Lastly, we would like to thank everyone who has indirectly been instrumental in the successful compilation of this craft document.

Content 1. Introduction................................01 2. Origin.........................................02 3. Goa ...........................................06 4. Demography...............................08 5. Lifestyle .....................................11 6. Raw Materials, Machines and Tools...............................................13 7. Process (General)........................17 8. Product Diversification...............19 9. Contemporisation......................21 10. Design Development...............23 11. Sustainability............................45 12. Contact Details........................46 13. SWOT Analysis........................48 14.Glossary....................................50 15 References................................52

1.

Introduction Traditionally, crafting objects out of coconut shell to make household objects was practiced by coconut farmers.

Coconut generally known as the coconut palm is one of the fruit that can grow in plenty in its climate.

The edible part of the coconut is called flesh and when dried it is referred to as copra. Coconut milk and oil is generally derived from it for cooking, frying, soaps, cosmetics, hair oil and massage oil. It has a religious and cultural significance in most of the societies that uses it. Coconut fruits have the exocarp, mesocarp and the endocarp where the exocarp is the outermost husk layer that are removed.

The mesocarp that has the fibers called the coir and the shell which generally has the three germination pores called the eyes. Husks and shells are used as a source of charcoal that are effective for the removal of impurities. It is said that the cups made with shells is used to neutralize the poisoned drinks. The products made of coconut are bowls, vases, teapots, ice-cream cups, pen stand, lampshade, etc.

Marcel and the surrounding places in Goa supports the making of various types of products from the coconut shell as the women from different houses gather in some of the institutes nearby in learning and devel Page no | 1

oping various types of products from the coconut husk and shells.

Fig1: cross section of coconut

Objective of the Project

The objective of the project is to create design intervention, so that the craft of coconut shells and state of art could be increased. We as design research students would be transformation agents by understanding the pulse of the trade. Ideation and strategic designing was carried forward along with the artisans so as to achieve the goal of a mutual understanding of the urban market and the rural way of the making of these products.

2.

Origin 2.2. India

2.1 International The Coconut Tree or Palm grows on sandy, saline soils and prefers areas with abundant sunlight and regular rainfall. Thus, it generally thrives near beaches in lowland, tropical and subtropical habitats. However, because of the abundance of the Coconut Palm around the world, finding a definitive proof of its origin has been difficult.

Until now, the Origins of Coconut Palm is the subject of debate. This is because fossil coconuts have been found as far apart as India and New Zealand. Some authorities say that the Coconut Palm first came from the Southeast Asian peninsula, while others claim that its origin is in northwestern South America. A more recent theory is that it originated in the South Pacific (Polynesia).

Still, the Coconut Palm could have come from almost any place along the coastlines, at any point in history. This is because the widespread of the Coconut Palm could be attributed to two things: human dispersal and natural dispersal.

Human Dispersal of Coconuts (the fruit or seed) was most likely aided by sea-faring people. The Natural Dispersal of the Coconut Palm happened when the Coconuts were carried out by the ocean from shore to shore. Coco-

nuts, due to their very thick but light and buoyant shells, float extremely well and can travel long distances for several months on sea-water (a killer to most seeds).

Coconut shell craft has gained popularity only in the last few decades and hence does not have a long history to boast off. However, a report mentions that this craft was brought in from Iraq almost 900 years ago. It could be that the wood carving artisans from the Middle East and Persia were the first to try carving on a coconut shell.

While Coconut shell-carving craft is practiced all over the world, the craft has evolved and is being highly used as means of creative employment in different places around the world such as Cambodia, Thailand, Philippines, Java, Maldives and Sri Lanka.

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Coconut Shell Carving craft involves tremendous creativity that has evolved and developed over the last few decades. The craft is practiced in various parts of India, where coconut is grown. It’s used as cooking fuel and other utility and decorative products are made out of it.

Coconut shell and wood craft is primarily prevalent in Kerala: in and around Calicut, Trivandrum, Attingal, Neyyatinkara and Quilandy in Kozhikode. Another instance of availability of coconut shell craft is in the tribal belt of Bastar where intricately designed patterns in white metal are inlayed in the shell and cut to make bangles. Coconut crafts in India are mostly manufactured in South Indian states which feature the majority of coconut plants. Indian states like Kerela, Tamil Nadu and other coastal states have abundance of skilled artisans for making coconut crafts. The Vishwakarma caste in Kerala is most renowned for their skill in Coconut Crafts. Other states where this craft is practiced are the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and a few parts of Bengal, Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu and Goa. Goa is the state of India that is bound by three sides with land and one side with water in the north by the Maharashtra state, in the east and south by the Karnataka state and in the west by the Arabian Sea. It is Page no | 3

one of the place in India that has the domestic, international tourists who visit yearly.

Source: Image1: https://in.pinterest.com/ pin/402579654182948486/?lp=true

2.3. Coconut Craft in India (Map) Traditional areas of coconut cultivation in India are the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Goa, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, West Bengal, Pondicherry, Maharashtra and the Islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. Four southern states put together account for almost 92% of the total production in the country: Kerala (45.22%), Tamil Nadu (26.56%), Karnataka (10.85%), and Andhra Pradesh (8.93%). Other states like Goa, Maharashtra, Orissa, Bengal, and those in the northeast like Tripura and Assam account for the remaining 8.44%. Kerala, which has the largest number of coconut trees, is famous for its coconut based products like coconut water, copra, coconut oil, coconut cake (also called, coconut meal, copra cake, or copra), coconut toddy, coconut shellbased products, coconut woodbased products, coconut leaves, and coir pith. The Southern Indian state of Ke ala: is named after the coconut tree. “Kera” = Coconut tree, “Alam” = Land: so “Land of Coconut Trees” Various terms like Copra, Coir are derived West from the native Malayalam language. In Kerala, coconut tree is called as “Kalpa Vriksham” which essentially which means all parts of a Coconut tree useful some way or other.

Fig: 2 Coconut cultivation in India

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Fig: 3 Coconut Craft in India

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3.

Goa 3.1 History The first literary reference to Goa is in the Bhishma Parva of Mahabharata as Gomanta which translates as the region of cows. Despite a lack of archaeological and historical evidence, Hindu scriptures mention Parashurama, as its creator. Moving on, in the 3rd century BC Goa formed part of the Mauryan empire. Later it was ruled by the Satavahanas of Kolhapur and eventually passed to the Chalukyas of Badami from AD 580 to 750.

Goa fell to the Muslims for the first time in 1312, but they weren’t fans of the beach and eventually left in 1370 under the forceful persuasion of Harihara I of the Vijayanagar mpire.

During the next 100 years Goa’s harbours were important landing places for ships carrying Arabian horses for the Vijayanagar cavalry. Blessed as it is by natural harbours and wide rivers, Goa was the ideal base for the seafaring Portuguese, who arrived in 1510 aiming to control the spice route from the East. Jesuit missionaries led by St Francis Xavier arrived in 1542. For a while, Portuguese control was limited to a small area around Old Goa, but by the middle of the 16th century it had expanded to include the provinces of Bardez and Salcete.

3.3 Coconut Craft in Marcel, Goa

3.2. Clusters in Goa The Marathas (the central Indian people who controlled much of India at various points in time) almost van quished the Portuguese in the late 18th century, and there was a brief occupation by the British during the Napoleonic Wars in Europe. However, it was not until 1961, when the Indian army marched into Goa, that Portuguese occupation finally came to its end on the subcontinent.

In 1967, a Goan opinion poll showed that the state's residents didn't want to be assimilated into its neighbouring state Marharashtra, despite Maharashtra pushing for it. But it wasn't until 1987 that Goa was officially declared India's 25th state by Prime Minister Rajiv Ghandhi, in a landmark ruling for the state's generations of armed supporters. Five years later, Goa's local language, Konkani, was recognised as one of India's 22 official regional languages.

Today, Goa has one of India’s highest per-capita incomes, with farming, fishing, tourism and iron-ore mining forming the basis of its economy.

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All the clusters in Goa are under GHRSSIDC (Goa Handicrafts Rural Small Scale Industrial Development Corporation). There are 13 emporiums out of which 8 are shut and only 4 are working due to the applicable GST. Beofre which they were getting 50 percent margin on each product as opposed to now, after the 26 percent applicable GST, the product cost has increased and the sales have visibly gone down. Now, there is no large scale production of coconut shell craft in Goa. The two clusters in Goa, one in North Goa, which is in Parra looked after by Mr. Vijaydatta Lotlikar and his wife Mrs. Nilam Lotlikar. Another is in South Goa, in Marcel, run under an NGO Omkar Arts and Crafts, where four ladies practice this craft.

Fig 4: Craft clusters in Goa

The craft practiced in Marcel was introduced in the year 2013. The initiative was taken by EXIM bank during a development workshop. The bank authorities contacted the artisans through the NGO, Omkar Arts and Crafts. The ten-days design development-training workshop was for rural women artisans, working with coconut shell crafts, in Goa. The initiative resulted in developing of 25 prototypes having international appeal in the said craft. The artisans were trained at the workshop for a period of 10 days starting from March 13, 2013 to March 22, 2013 in Goa. As India’s premier export promotion institution, Exim Bank though its Grassroots Initiative and development (GRID) Group helps in augmenting the exportability of products from enterprises operating at grassroots level. The Bank in the past has supported grassroots enterprises working with artisans/producers in different parts of the country like Bihar, Orissa, Tripura, West Bengal, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc.

The workshop in Goa organised by Exim Bank was attended by 30 women artisans working with Omkar Arts & Crafts Association (OACA), a Page no | 7

non-profit voluntary organization for 10 days in association with The ANTs Craft Trust. The training module consisted of lectures, demonstrations, presentations, sharing hands-on experiences, discussions and develo ing around utility based prototypes (around 25) using coconut shells as a raw material. The workshop imparted training to women artisans with a view to improve the scope of their income generation through new design and development of marketable products based on the craft and skill level of artisans. Mr. Netalkar who runs the NGO, Omkar Arts and Crafts, started this by going door-todoor, encouraging home makers to take up crafts and learning them.

Carving of the coconut shell craft being one of them. The artisans have been practicing the craft since the past five years.

4.

Demographics Religion, Culture and Population: As per the 2012 statistics, there are 1.817 million people in Goa. Christianity is the second largest religious grouping in Goa, India. The first largest being Hinduism. According to the 2011 census, 25% of the population are Christian, while 66% are Hindu. The Christian population is almost entirely Roman Catholic and Goan Catholics form a significant ethnoreligious group. Christianity in Goa has pre-Portuguese roots.

These roots are probably the same as those of the Saint Thomas Christians or Nasranis of Kerala. Christianity, here at this time, was believed to be spread by Saint Thomas and Saint Bartholomew who preached in the Malabar and Konkan coasts respectively. The artisans who practice the craft are mostly Hindu. And the spoken language is Konkan and Hindi. Speaking of culture, Goan artisans love to eat fish curry with rice which serves to be their staple diet.

In addition to this, Goans also like pork as well as chicken. In the monsoon season, fish is quite abundant, and therefore, Goans have galore of them. The most preferred and liked drink of the Goans is known as Feni, which is made mainly from coconut Page no | 9

water.

Coconut is a popular fruit in Goa. Being a coastal area, the fruit is most cultivated and hence the production is on a large scale. Goans consume coconuts on a daily basis. Whether it is in their curries or food, whether it is consuming it raw or whether it’s working with coconut shells, coconut usage is in every form.

Production of Coconut: Area: 25.70 (000 Hectares) Production: 88.70 (000 Metric Ton) Production: 138.58 (Million Nuts) Productivity: 5394 (Nuts/ha) Goa produces decorative and utility items made out of coconut fiber.

Apart from consuming the coconut in the meals it has done wonders to earn livelihood for the local artists.

Artists prepare decorative to utility items from the shells and its fiber.

Brooms are well prepared and have a good life span and don’t produce any dust out of it. Locals have been using spoons or davlo as locally called and other vessels made out of shells

7.

Lifestyle

Source: Image 15 and 16 self clicked

The cluster in Marcel is the only cluster run by ladies. It is more of a hobby than a job and done because of pure will as opposed to the other clusters who have male artisans on a full time job or duty. The lifestyle of these lady artisans involved in the coconut shell carving craft is a fairly simple one. Their everyday life encompasses a rather easygoing schedule where they don’t stress themselves into making too many products a day. The ladies, who are also home makers of their family, calmly work on one or two coconuts at a given time. Perfecting it with ease and time. Their motto in life, as per them is ‘Pehle aaram, phir kaam’ which means that the artisans and the people they live around believe in comfort before the stress of work. Unless they have bulk orders and have to work through the day, their work hours are fairly flexible and rather short as they only start working after lunch. 3:00 pm – 6:00 pm, sometimes 4:00 pm – 6:00 pm.

Before which they are busy with their household chores and looking after their family. Once free from that, they start working a little walk away from home where one can find the necessary tools to work with. They work for a few hours and then go back to their house for the evening tea and dinner.

Their meals include authentic Indian food like pulses (daal) and Page no | 11

grains. Their staple diet is curry with rice. Where they prefer eating rice and fish, which happens to be their personal favourite. They keep up to date with what is happening with the world. Read the newspaper daily, which their family members get around the afternoon. They like visiting each other’s houses for tea, gossiping and keeping in touch as it’s a close-knit society they believe they are a part of. They also enjoy watching the television during their free time.

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5.

Raw Materials, Machines and Tools Tools: Following are the tools and raw materials required to make the Coconut Shell products: • Sharp Tool: It is used to remove the husk on the surface of the shell.

• Knife: It is used to remove the copra from the shell.

• Hacksaw: It is used to cut the shell to the required forms.

• File: It is used to even the ends of the shell pieces.

• Adhesive: It is used to fix the papers to the coconut shell firmly.

• Sand Paper: It is used to smoothen the surface of the coconut shell.

• Newspaper: It is used to fill the gaps in between.

• Glass Bottle: It is used for the making of Liquor coconut shell bottles.

• Coir Rope: Usually thin and medium ropes are generally preferred for winding and holding.

• Scissors: It is used to cut the required length of coir rope.

• Coconut Hand Scraper: It is used to scrape the inner portion of the shell.

• Glue Gun: It is used to fix the circular shape objects.

• Varnish: It is used to be applied on the outer surface of the shell.

• Paint Brush: It is used to apply the varnish on the shell.

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The machines used by the artisans in Marcel were:

Grinding and Cutting wheel:

Bench vise:

Buffing machine:

Drilling Machine:

The grinding wheel is a wheel composed of an abrasive compound and used for various grinding purposes during product development. Cut off wheels , also known as parting wheels are self-sharpening wheels that are thin in width and often have radial teeth reinforcing them. They are used for cutting the coconut shell in required shapes, after the markings are done on its surface. It is also used to cut any protruding edges or anything that needs trimming. Both these functions are performed in a single machine, but on either ends.

It is a mechanical apparatus used to secure the coconut shell in order to work on it easily. It consists of a part call the ‘Vise’ that has two parallel jaws, one fixed and the other movable, threaded in and out by a screw and lever. The coconut shell is secured between the vises for cutting or shaping with the ease of being in place.

Polishing and buffing are finishing processes for smoothening and refining the surface of the coconut shell using an abrasive and a work wheel. Buffing uses a loose abrasive applied to the work wheel. Polishing is a more aggressive process which is done the artisans did manually with sand/flint paper (number 100 and 120 or 60), while buffing is less harsh, which leads to a smoother, brighter finish.

The initial smoothening of the outer surface of the coconut shell and the leveling of the cut edges are done with buffing machine. The amount of time it takes depends on the size of the coconut.

Drilling machine used to cut a hole of circular cross section in the coconut shell. The drill bit is the part of the machine, which is a rotary multipoint cutting tool. The bit is pressed against the outer surface of the shell. This forces the cutting edge against the shell, cutting off chips from the hole as it is drilled.

These machines require maintenance every month, oiling and cleaning up.

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Source: Image 3 to 7 self clicked

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6.

Process (Overview)

The coconut shell is neatly taken out from the fibrous husk. The shell is cut into half and the fruit or the kernel is taken out neatly. The shell is sanded with three different files, the first one is used to roughly file out the fibrous roots, the second one helps file better to give a smooth finish and the last filing tool helps to give finished and much smoother look to the coconut shell. Once the coconut shell is sanded it is ready to be glued to the base or it’s cut according to the design that the craftsman decides to make.

The Collection of Coconuts:

Cutting:

Sanding & Buffing :

The coconuts are collected of various sizes from places. The mature coconut is preferred because it is lignin hence there is no threat of germs attack. The immature coconut contains water and fruit and is cellulose. So the mature coconut is durable and preferable to work on.

Peeling: The coconut’s fibrous husk and is removed and cleaned to get only the shell.

The designs are drawn onto to shell and cut into desired shapes and sizes with the cutting wheel.

Cleaning: The kernel part is then removed and the shell further cleaned

The shell is sanded with two kinds of sanding paper until a smooth finish is obtained. Sanding with smaller grains of sand paper gives a good finish to the surface. Putting design details: Drilling holes in a pattern, carving on shells, fixing electric wires to coconut lamps, holes for buttons, and all the external furnishings are done.

The making of coconut shell craft involves simple steps: 1. Collection of coconuts 2. Cutting 3. Sanding & Buffing 4. Polishing/Finishing

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Polishing: The final product is given a coat of varnish (wood polish) to obtain a neat and glossy effect.

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Source: Image 8 to 14 self clicked

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8.

Product Diversification

Source: Image 17 (self clicked)

PRESENT

PAST Coconut shell craft is not a traditional craft for the craft’s legacy, i.e. it is not passed on from a generation to generations. Only very few people got interested in this craft earlier.

But with the introduction of mechanisms, it reduced the effort and attracted more people. It is confined to the coastal areas. Various handmade process were replaced by machines. The wine bottle was one of the most popular craft product of that time.

Image 18 ganesha

Image 18 https://i.pinimg.com/originals/b3/e2/32/ b3e2323d739f5f64e5ef1b695adb5694.jpg

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Coconut shell articles are mostly sold in the domestic market through various craft exhibitions organized by the government and by support organizations, direct supply to state emporia and to corporate houses.

Handicraft products are the most preferable choice for corporate gifting nowadays. This actually created more opportunities in the craft sector. Government has also started many initiatives to promote and develop the craft sector.

Some of the articles are exported to markets such as the US, Europe, Australia and the Middle East.

Particular products such as brass-inlayed coconut wood products like hookahs, snuffboxes and nut bowls are popular with the Arabs. Coconut shell based artifacts are used in interiors too.

9.

Contemporisation

Source: Image 19 https://i.pinimg.com/originals/be/b7/4a/beb74aacec3ab7bd45ec07a8d6355381.jpg Image: 20 https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/41lpns6bNIL.jpg Image: 21 https://i.pinimg.com/originals/f4/65/9e/ f4659efbb41fd3759ee5314103790529.jpg Image: 22 https://cdn.instructables.com/F11/S39S/ I6J7VFFL/F11S39SI6J7VFFL.RECTANGLE1.jpg Image: 23 https://www.google.com/search?hl=en-IN&q=coco+shell+lamp+thailand&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiEy83GrujXAhWFuI8KHc8uCQEQvQ4IJSgA&biw=1366&bih=637 Image 19 Hand Carved, Coconut Shell Pendant

Image: 20 coconut shell key tag

Image: 21 coconut shell salad spoon

Image: 22 coconut shell jewellery box goa

Image: 24 http://mortel.co/beautiful-hanging-light-balls-inspirations/ Image 25 https://i.pinimg.com/736x/95/27/61/ 9527619628899951fa7ae1ada7e4298a--handmadelamps-light-and-shadow.jpg Image: 26 https://i.pinimg.com/736x/a4/0a/df/a40adff27b4a296acae4832fa713ab16--design-styles-pot.jpg

Image: 26 antiqueImage: 23 coco shell lamp thailand

Image: 24 hanging tree light balls

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Image: 25 coconut lamp

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Over a period of time this craft has grown from merely producing decorative items to producing many contemporary lifestyle products, cutleries and furniture. It is indeed because of the introduction of the technology and machineries. Coconut shell is very hard and thus it is difficult to work on. Before the introduction of machineries, everything was performed manually, from cutting till polishing. This was tiring and time consuming.

The Earlier hand lathes were used, while now machine lathes are used. This has greatly increased the scope. Similarly, the machine drill has made precision drilling possible, thus enabling a perfect and well-finished product. Though machine drilling has been introduced to the artisans, it still requires a lot of practice to make intricate designs and carvings. There are many contemporized craft products available in international market, which has better finish and aesthetically appealing.

They use good machineries which gives better finish and creates more opportunity for the craft.

It is very happy to see that, the artisans in India are also getting inspired from the international market and they are putting an effort to improve their designs. From being completely manual, the craft has developed and adapted the use of some simple machines, while the judgment and skill of the artisan still decide the look and beauty of the product.

10.

Design Development 10.1 Conceptualisation Our concept was keeping both, utility, design and aesthetics in mind.

Ultimately, it is not always just about the design but how we benefit from it. The idea was to create a need for the product, create a market for it.

The product should serve some purpose and be functional as opposed to just being aesthetically appealing, though all at the same time, should have a balance of utility and beautification. Keeping various factors like size and quality of the shell in mind, we utilized it all to further enhance the possible usage and then designed the prototype to its full potential.

We developed few designs from the understanding that we had from the craft. These designs were developed, and could be further developed into product ranges that will bring coconut crafts into the retail market.

The reason we thought of using coconut shells as utility items was because it is a sustainable and an organic product. As nature has always been the perfect inspiration for art, fashion and interior design.

It was introduced into the homes of Page no | 1

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people worldwide with natural elements, such as wood, stone, plants, etc. This way of decorating generates a soothing atmosphere and, in a way, ushers back the harmony between the humankind and nature that seems to be lost.

Especially in recent years, when being Eco-friendly is one of the biggest buzzwords in home design, the use of raw materials is widely encouraged.

Organic design elements are made of materials which come from nature. The addition of natural, organic elements in our interiors can make us feel calm, at peace, and above all, welcomed. It is now known that using organic interior design elements to connect humans to nature nurtures health and well-being.

Natural materials are also a healthier choice for interiors as they are non-toxic with little to no VOCs, thus ensuring better indoor quality. The use of organic elements in interior spaces is always a win-win.

10.2.1 Ideation The Coconut shell products are made keeping domestic purposes and utility in mind.

Utility items like the soap dish, spoons made of the shell, even other cutlery items like bowls are products that are natural and eco-friendly.

coconut shell is comparable to lower strength aluminium, alloys, making it one of the hardest organic materials produced in nature. Hence, the products made from coconut shells are durable, natural, easily available and reusable.

The coconut shell possesses exceptional properties, which is twice the density of hardwood which makes it durable. The hard exterior of the

Keeping this in mind, we have thought about a countertop bathroom accessory set. Once the coconut is cut open and cleaned up, the

shells can be honed into the required shape. This property was utilized to execute our design. Angular cut reveals the beauty of the typical shape of the coconut. It was decided to go forward with the rough semi-done surface of the coconut shell to give it an authentic, rustic island feel. The edges were painted with gold to accentuate the elegant angular cut.

Initial Sketches

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10.2.2 Rendered Images

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10.2.3 Prototype Process

Step 1: The coconuts are first collected

Step 2: The external husk is then peeled out

Step 3: The required sized coconuts are then brought together as per the requirement and designs

Step 12: A drill is punched

Step 13: The dispenser is put in to see if it fits.

A circular ring was also made using the same process to keep as a base for the dispenser since the base isn’t flat.

Steps for making the soap dispenser

Step 4: Tentative marking is done according to the design

Step 5:The marked coconut is now kept next to the liquid soap dispenser to mark the height of the lowest part of the nozzle

Step 6: Marking is then rectified accordingly

Step 14: The shell is sand- Step 15: The soap dispenser ed with two different no. now is given a coat of varnish of sanding paper until a (wood polish) to obtain a neat smooth finish is obtained. and glossy effect.

Sanding with smaller grains of sand paper gives a good finish to the surface.

Step 7: The coconut is cut carefully according to the marking in the cutting wheel

Trial of how the dispenser would be placed in the container Step 8: The kernel part is then removed and the shell is further cleaned

Step 9: The two pieces are then joined to see if its fitting/ cut properly

Step 10: The dispenser is now put in to check the height and to figure out the closure according to it

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Step 11: The lid part i marked was the position where the nozzle of the dispenser would come out from

Source: Self clicked

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Soap Dispenser

Tissue paper case

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Candle Stand

Tooth brush Stand

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Soap dish

Toilet paper roll holder

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10.2.4 Final Product

11.

Sustainability The coconut tree is a type of palm tree. It grows best in hot, humid environments, especially in sandy soil. Most coconut trees grow in the tropics and subtropics in wetter environments. All the parts of a coconut tree is sustainable. Coconut shell can be used for fuel and are a source of charcoal. Activated charcoal manufactured from coconut shell is extremely effective for the removal of impurities. Coconut shell is very hard and durable, hence it is used as a raw material for handicrafts. Because of its durable nature, it can be used to make a variety of products.

It can withstand simple shocks and it is used for making cutleries.

Coconut craft is one of the most sustainable craft, which has almost zero wastage of materials. Coconut shell itself is sustainable because of its natural properties. There are no artificial materials being used during the process. Coir and jute are also used for the craft, which are also sustainable.

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12.

Contact Details Artisans

Craftsman 1.Mr. Vijaydatta Lotlikar, Mobile: 7798798160 H.No.255/1, Arradi Parra, Goa Near mapusa, calangute (North goa) 2. Boromeu do Rosario Pereira from Margao An ex-physical education teacher who loves designing art pieces from coconut shells and coir.

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Name: Veena Khandolkar Age: 51 Contact: 9158166477

Name: Anita Mashelkar Age: 51 Contact: 9689069152

Name: Rajashri Jalmi Age: 50 Contact: 9158062908

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Name: Pramila Jalmi Age: 38 Contact: 9049883910

13.

SWOT Analysis

Strength:

Weaknesses:

Opportunities:

Threats:

Coconut being a natural product has a lot of scope of production.

With the introduction of various machines, working on a coconut has become easier than before.

As coconut is a natural product, it is sustainable.

It is also durable when it comes to decaying, as it does not decay easily even when it’s exposed to sunlight and water for a long time. Though it isn’t completely shock proof, the hard shell gives it a durable feel and a long lifespan.

Very often the machines prove to be harsher than expected on the coconut shell resulting in its shell breaking midway. The work that goes into making it goes to waste.

The costing is not too profitable as the work that goes into making it is more than the market it is supplied in. People prefer appreciating the product from afar but not buying it ultimately resulting in less sales.

The noise pollution while cutting the coconut is immense. Also the lack of safety measures taken while working on the coconut shell. Since decayed coconuts are used, the decayed material smells making it difficult for the artisans to work on it easily.

Being a coastal product, it can be used as a representative product in restaurants, when it comes to utility products as well as decorative items.

It is a fairly new craft that is now upcoming with a great scope especially with the introduction of machines that can be used to hone it into various designs. Since there are a lot of options when it comes to the design of cutlery made out of coconut shells, people opt to use the durable products made from it.

A major threat to the craft is the growing apprehension to climb up on trees to procure coconuts. Nowadays, it is found difficult to find somebody to climb up on trees because of which the cost of coconuts has increased significantly. The sale of the selling coconut has gone down due to the labour required and involved in procuring it because of which tourists who were the main source of buying these coconuts refuse to buy a coconut for more than the costing.

Since there is limited profit, not a lot of artisans want to take up the craft or take it forward as only the bare minimum is covered.

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14. Glossary

‘Pehle aaram, phir kaam’= Rest first Then work (daal)= pulses

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Document

15 References

1. CRAFT CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT STUDY ON COCONUT CARVING OF GOA BATCH 2014-2016 2. COCONUT ARTCARVING A CULTURE (CRAFT CLUSTER) BATCH 2012 – 2014

Website http://www.dsource.in/resource/coconut-shell-craft-marcel-goa/tools-and-raw-materials http://www.dsource.in/resource/intricate-coconut-carving-parra-goa/tools-and-raw-materials http://www.craftrevival.org/voiceDetails.asp?Code=302 https://www.goacity.com/v/history/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Goa http://www.dsource.in/resource/intricate-coconut-carving-parra-goa/introduction http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja01273a501 https://image.slidesharecdn.com/coconutcraftketakiharshitaprathimadre-121121194917-phpapp01/95/coconut-craft-6-638.jpg?cb=1353527548 http://www.ebay.com/gds/Origin-of-Coconuts-Coconut-Tree-History-/10000000018914819/g.html https://www.slideshare.net/1_Ketaki/coconut-craft http://www.itsgoa.com/coconut-craftsman-carves-a-niche/ http://www.craftclustersofindia.in/site/index.aspx?mu_id=3&Clid=575 http://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/midhPPT6.pdf http://www.dsource.in/resource/coconut-shell-craft-marcel-goa/contact-details http://www.craftmark.org/sites/default/files/Coconut%20Craft.pdf http://dsource.in/sites/default/files/resource/coconut-shellkerala/downloads/file/coconut_shell.pdf http://www.itsgoa.com/coconut-craftsman-carves-a-niche/ Page no | 52

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