JOAN MIRĂ“ UNCOMMON MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES DICTIONARY Materials: Tar is a black mixture of hydrocarbons and free carbon obtained from a wide variety of organic materials through destructive distillation. Tar can be produced from coal, wood, petroleum, or peat.
Casein (or Casein paint) derived from milk casein (milk protein), is a fast-drying, water soluble medium used by artists. It generally has a glue-like consistency, but can be thinned with water to the degree that fits a particular artist's style and desired result. It can be used on canvas panels, illustration boards, paper, wood and Masonite. Casein paint is reworkable and can be used for under painting. It generally dries to a matte finish. Masonite is a type of hardboard made of steam-cooked and pressuremolded wood fibres into boards on a screen; the boards are then pressed and heated to form the finished product with a smooth burnished finish
Carborundum is an abrasive composed of silicon carbide crystals, fused alumina, and other materials. It can be applied in a number of different ways: Painting onto the plate with liquid glue and then sprinkling the carborundum onto it. Printing covering the surface in ink, and then wiping clean the surface with tarlatan cloth or newspaper, leaving ink only in the texture of the screen or carborundum. A damp piece of paper is placed on top, and the plate and paper are run through a printing press that, through pressure, transfers the ink from the recesses of the plate to the paper. Very large editions are not possible as a small amount of carborundum comes off every time it is wiped. Fibre-cement is a composite building and construction material made by a combination of Portland cement, ground sand, cellulose fibre and select additives used mainly in roofing and facade products because of its strength and durability that holds paint exceptionally well.
JOAN MIRĂ“ UNCOMMON MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES DICTIONARY
Techniques: Etching is traditionally the process of using strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surface to create a design in intaglio (relief) in the metal. Aquatint is an intaglio printmaking technique, a variant of etching. Like etching, aquatint uses the application of a mordant to etch into the metal plate. In both of them the artist makes marks on the plate (in the case of aquatint, a copper or zinc plate) that are capable of holding ink. The inked plate is passed through a printing press together with a sheet of paper, resulting in a transfer of the ink to the paper. This can be repeated a number of times, depending on the particular technique. Where the engraving technique uses a needle to make lines that print in black (or whatever colour ink is used), aquatint uses powdered rosin to create a tonal effect. Drypoint is a printmaking technique in which an image is incised into a plate (or "matrix") with a hard-pointed "needle" of sharp metal or diamond point. Traditionally the plate was copper, but acetate, zinc or Plexiglas are also commonly used. Pochoir (or Stencilling) Technique that produces an image or pattern by applying pigment to a surface over an intermediate object with designed gaps in it which create the pattern or image by only allowing the pigment to reach some parts of the surface.
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