Health Benefits of Three different types of Fucoidan

Fucoidan & Agaricus

This catalog summarizes information about the effectiveness and efficacy of two natural health ingredients, Fucoidan and Agaricus based on scientific and medical research and highly credible articles published in Pub Med, the US National Library of Medicine.

The information described in this catalog does not prove the efficacy of the products that contain Fucoidan and Agaricus as the main ingredients.

Provided for non-commercial research and educational use only. Not for reproduction, distribution or commercial use.

Fucoidan & Agaricus

US NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH PubMed is a free search engine accessing primarily the MEDLINE database of references and abstracts on life sciences and biomedical topics. The United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health maintains the database. Regarding Fucoidan & Agaricus more than 3,000 articles are listed in PubMed. Please type the word that relates to your health concern (such as cancer or tumor) along with the word “Fucoidan” or “Agaricus” in the search box.

w w w . p u b m e d . g o v

Table of Contents FUCOIDAN

4

What is Fucoidan?

4

Three Different Types of Fucoidan

5

Fucoidan’s Three Anti-cancer Effects

6

Fucoidan Alleviates the Side Effects Caused by Chemotherapy

7

PubMed Reports about Anti-Cancer Effect of Each Fucoidan

8

Suggested Dosage of Fucoidan for Each Disease

11

Safe Fucoidan

12

How to Choose Good Fucoidan Products?

14

Fucoidan’s Other Health Benefits

15

AGARICUS AND BETA-GLUCAN

17

Q&A

19

THE SCIENCE BEHIND FUCOIDAN AND AGARICUS

22

FUCOIDAN WHAT IS FUCOIDAN?

F

ucoidan is a sulfated viscous polysaccharide, a main component of brown seaweeds such as Wakame, Kombu, Bladderwrack and Mozuku.

It was discovered by Professor Kylin at Uppsala University in Sweden in 1913, which he described as a slippery kelp and a type of soluble fiber.

Chemically, the major component of Fucoidan is sulfated fucose and other sugars such as galactose, mannose, xylose, uronic acid that are bound together.

F

ucoidan is a raw material of dietary supplements, functional food, and food additives. It has shown to lower blood cholesterol levels and

prevent blood vessel damage by excreting cholesterol; thus this also prevent in advance lifestyle diseases caused by obesity. In addition, studies done in Japan and the United States reported that Fucoidan has anticoagulation, antitumor, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-allergic, peptic ulcer prevention, balancing blood pressure, inducing hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and lowering blood sugar activity. It also has been reported that Fucoidan is especially effective in healing 70~80% of gastrointestinal cancers and it is recognized as an excellent adjuvant substance for most cancer types.

S

ince the day Fucoidan was introduced as a substance which has the ability to induce cancer cells to self-destruct in the 55th Japan Cancer

Society Conference in 1996, extensive research on Fucoidan has been done. As of July 2016, more than 1,400 research papers and reports have been reported in the National Library of Medicineâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s database. <Source> Wikipedia, PubMed in U.S.A

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THREE DIFFERENT TYPES OF FUCOIDAN

Fucoidan , which is used mostly as a component of health supplement, is known to be showing different efficacy according to types of brown seaweeds as they have different molecular structure.

Fucoidan extracted from Mozuku shows strong cancer apoptosis (cancer self-destruction) effectiveness; Fucoidan extracted from Mekabu is well known for protecting cancer from metastasizing (Suppressing cancer angiogenesis); Fucoidan extracted from Fucus is known to be very effective in gynecological cancer and has an excellent antioxidant activity.

M

ozuku fucoidan extracted from Okinawa in Japan is the most popular type of fucoidan. Okinawa is well known for its clear,

beautiful pristine sea waters, and life longevity. Mozuku fucoidan which is widely used, cannot be easily extracted. One kilogram of Mozuku is required in order to obtain one gram of fucoidan. Compared to other fucoidan extracts, Mozuku fucoidan has shown to have a higher apoptosis inducing effect on cancer cells.

M

ekabu is the ruffled, flowering sprout located at the base of the sea vegetable, Wakame Undaria pinnatifida just above the root.

In Wakame, most of the Fucoidan is found in the Mekabu. One of the uniqueness of Mekabu Fucoidan is that it contains more than 34% of sulfated groups. Areas like Tasmania in Australia and Patagonia in Argentina are well-known for very clean oceans. They have plenty of unpolluted natural Wakame, which makes the areas possible to be one of the most collected Mekabu Fucoidan in the world. According to some studies from Japan, Mekabu has been shown to be more effective in suppressing cancer Angiogenesis than other Fucoidan extracts.

F

ucus fucoidan has a long-history. The fucoidan is extracted from Bladderwrack (Fucus vesiculosus) which is a seaweed found

on the coasts of the North Sea, the western Baltic Sea, and

the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Fucus, the primary monosaccharide which is a part of polysaccharide of fucoidan, named after Fucus vesiculosus contained in Bladderwrack. Since discovering Fucoidan, there have been many researches with Fucus-extract Fucoidan. Many studies present anti-cancer effect, anti-inflammation effect, immuneboosting effect, and alleviating joint pain effect. It’s also known as a great supporter for intestinal health and a powerful antioxidant.

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FUCOIDANâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S THREE ANTI-CANCER EFFECTS

1 APOPTOSIS

Destruction of Cancer Cell

Our bodyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cells have an average life of about three months, then they die. This phenomenon is called Apoptosis. However, cancer cells do not trigger Apoptosis because the cell structure is damaged.

They only grow and metastasize. Fucoidan induces these cancer cells to undergo Apoptosis.

2 IMMUNE

Boosting Up Immune System

To defeat cancer cells, NK cells (the representative body immune cells), T cells, macrophages, and other immune cells have to be activated. By increasing these immune cells and Fucoidan supply, they will suppress and remove the cancer cells.

3 ANGIOGENESIS Cancer-Growth Suppression

Once cancer cells become more than 2 mm in diameter, they rapidly grow by making new blood vessels from the capillaries nearby. Fucoidan prevents cancer from making new blood vessels and inhibits the cancer from spreading to other organs

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FUCOIDAN ALLEVIATES THE SIDE EFFECTS CAUSED BY CHEMOTHERAPY Cancer patients undergoing conventional cancer treatments want to avoid some of the side effects such as vomiting, nausea, low appetite, skin rashes, nail damage, fatigue, and more. Surprisingly, the result of many studies has shown that people who have ingested fucoidan experienced reduction of side effects from anticancer treatments such as chemotherapy. This happened mainly because Fucoidan enhanced their immune system. By enhancing the immune activity, fucoidan may help to prevent a drop in the white blood cell counts and it will alleviate the pain caused by chemotherapy. When fucoidan is taken along with some of the chemotherapy drugs, the side effects are alleviated. Therefore, the anticancer drugs can be used for long term without causing strong side effects. The combination of fucoidan with the anticancer drugs can compensate for the disadvantages of chemotherapy in numerous ways.

RELATED RESEARCH IN PUBMED Articles on Fucoidan’s Cancer Apoptosis Induction Activity - PubMed ID 19754176 Kyushu University, Japan - PubMed ID 22363242 University of Denmark Articles on Fucoidan’s Immune Boosting Activity - PubMed ID 12929574 Kitasawa University, Japan - PubMed ID 23544642 Korea University, Korea Articles on Fucoidan’s Cancer Angiogenesis Suppression Activity - PubMed ID 12504793 Kyushu University, Japan - PubMed ID 23737842 Tianjin Unversity, China

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PUBMED REPORTS

about Anti-Cancer Effect of Each Fucoidan MOZUKU FUCOIDAN

1

(Cladosiphon okamuranus)

Name of Disease

Summary of Report

PMID

Country

16201850

Japan

23303302

Japan

22611316

Japan

23170088

Japan

Fucoidan extracted from Cladosiphon okamuranus Leukemia

induces apoptosis of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-infected T-cell lines and primary adult T-cell leukemia cells.

Mozuku Fucoidan induced cell growth inhibition,

Breast Cancer

apoptosis, as well as cell cycle modifications in Breast Cancer cells.

Hepatitis C

Mozuku Fucoidan dose-dependently inhibited the expression of Hepatitis C Virus replicon.

Mozuku Fucoidan significantly suppressed tumor growth.

Colon Cancer

and significantly increased survival times. It was also found that fucoidan increased the population of natural killer cells in the spleen.

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PUBMED REPORTS

about Anti-Cancer Effect of Each Fucoidan MEKABU (WAKAME) FUCOIDAN

2

(Undaria pinnatifida)

Name of Disease

Liver Cancer

Prostate Cancer

Melanoma,

Summary of Report

Mekabu fucoidan inhibited growth and metastasis of Liver Cancer Cells.

Fucoidan induced the apoptosis of PC-3 cells by activating both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.

proliferation of human cancer cells with less cytotoxic

Colon Cancer

effects against normal mouse epidermal cells.

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Country

25162296

China

23966032

Korea

23790906

Russia

21452391

Korea

The Fucoidan specifically and markedly suppressed the

Breast Cancer,

Lung Cancer

PMID

With respect to the mechanism underlying the induction of apoptosis, Fucoidan reduced BCl-2 expression.

Fucoidan & Agaricus

PUBMED REPORTS

about Anti-Cancer Effect of Each Fucoidan

3

FUCUS (BLADDERWRACK) FUCOIDAN (Fucus vesiculosus)

Name of Disease

Female Cancer (Breast , Ovarian, Endometrial Cancer)

Lung Cancer

Melanoma

Colon Cancer

PA G E 10

Summary of Report

PMID

Country

27234961

U.S.A

23226337

Korea

22363242

Denmark

19801840

Korea

A Fucus vesiculosus extract inhibits estrogen receptor activation and induces cell death in female cancer cell lines.

Fucus fucoidan inhibits migration and invasion of human lung cancer cell

Fucus fucoidan inhibit proliferation of melanoma cells and induce apoptosis by activation of caspase-3 in vitro.

Apoptosis inducing activity of Fucus fucoidan in HCT-15 colon carcinoma cells.

Fucoidan & Agaricus

SUGGESTED DOSAGE of Fucoidan for each Disease* 1/ SUGGESTED DOSAGE Health Maintenance

1gr

Diabetes, High blood Pressure, Liver Disease

1gr to 3gr

Cancer Prevention

1gr to 3gr

Cancer (Stage 1~2)

2gr to 4gr

Cancer (Stage 3~4)

4gr or more

2/ WHAT IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAY TO TAKE? If you are a cancer patient, it is suggested taking Fucoidan three to four times a day. In the case of dividing dosage three times a day, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s better to take before breakfast, before 3pm, and before sleep. If you split them in four times a day, a general suggestion is to take it before breakfast, before lunch, before dinner, and before sleep.

If you are not with cancer but sick with lifestyle diseases or want to prevent cancer, taking it before breakfast and before sleep is suggested.

In particular during the sleep immunity of our body tends to be lower, whereas cancer cells are active. For this reason, it is better to take fucoidan a little bit more before bedtime than before breakfast.

*Suggested Dosage refers to the following books that contain the actual clinical experience from many doctors in the medical field for many years.

-Amazing sea power of Fucoidan (Noa Publishing) -Fucoidan made Cancer Cell disappear (Fukumori published) -Fucoidan causes only Cancer Cells to kill themselves! (Aoyama Shoseki) -Sea Vegetable Fucoidan causes Cancer Cells to Self-Destruct ! (Shiki) -Proven in Clinical Fields! Effects of Sea Vegetable Fucodian. Even Cancer Clinicians Acknowledge! (Noa Publishing)

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SAFE

FUCOIDAN

Fucoidan is a substance extracted from brown seaweed. If fucoidan extracted from the brown seaweed grown in polluted waters due to heavy metals or radioactive substances, there could be a serious safety issue. Due to the leakage of radioactive materials off the coast of Fukushima located in the northeast of Japan in 2011, many safety questions have been raised since then. Also, heavy metal pollution of the sea caused by the industrialization of some countries may be a concern. In this regard, using safe fucoidan is one of the key factors to be a great fucoidan product.

WHICH AREA IS SAFE FOR FUCOIDAN? 1. Mozuku Fucoidan In the case of Mozuku, the raw material of Mozuku Fucoidan, a majority of high quality Mozuku are cultivated near Okinawa, Japan. Okinawa is an island 1,800 km south of Japanese mainland. It is known for being the cleanest ocean and that is why Mozuku is considered to be the best Mozuku in the world.

2. Mekubu Fucoidan With regards to Mekabu (Wakame, Undaria Pinnatidida), it can be found among well known natural and uncontaminated habitats in the world are Patagonia, Argentina and Tasmania, Australia. These oceans are known as the pristine waters, and the Fucoidan from the Mekabu in this area are considered very safe.

3. Fucus Fucoidan Fucus (Bladderwrack, Fucus vesculosus) fucoidan mainly inhabits in the North Atlantic. This includes the Nova Scotia, Canada which is known to be purest ocean in the world. It is also considered a very safe ingredient.

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ORGANIC

FU COI DAN

Another way to see the safety is quality assurance by high standard agency. For example, USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) provides an organic certificate to naturally cultivated fucoidan as apposed to fucoidan grown in the farm.

The USDA organic certified fucoidan is recognized as safe fucoidan to take as it is free from radiation and heavy metal.

WHAT IS ORGANIC FOOD? Requirements vary from country to country, and generally involve a set of production standards for growing, storage, processing, packaging and shipping that include: • Avoidance of synthetic chemical inputs (e.g. fertilizer,

pesticides,

antibiotics,

food

additives),

irradiation, and the use of sewage sludge.

• Avoidance of genetically modified seed.

• Use of farmland that has been free from prohibited chemical inputs for a number of years (often, three or more).

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HOW TO CHOOSE

GOOD FUCOIDAN PRODUCTS?

1

COMBINATION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FUCOIDAN CAN BE MORE EFFECTIVE THAN ONE TYPE FUCOIDAN PRODUCT.

A

ccording to the research from Mie university in Japan, Fucoidan extracted from Mozuku perform better in terms

of inducing cancer apoptosis than fucoidan extracted from the seaweed Kombu or Mekabu does.

Based on the report regarding Mekabu extract fucoidan in July, 2004 at the 12th International Congress of Immunology in Canada, Mekabu Fucoidan is more effective in terms of Angiogenesis suppression.

Many recent report say that Fucus Fucoidan is a great supporter for immune-boosting effect, and has a powerful antioxidant effect.

As explained above, in terms of maximizing the efficacy of fucoidanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s many health benefits, Mozuku, Mekabu and Fucus Fucoidan combination will be more likely to provide a higher efficiency than products that contains only one type of Fucoidan.

2

ORIGIN OF THE BROWN SEAWEED TELLS THE SAFETY OF FUCOIDAN PRODUCT

M

ozuku Fucoidan are cultivated near Okinawa, Japan.

Mekabu Fucoidan can be found in Patagonia, Argentina,

and Tasmania, Australia. Fucus fucoidan are mainly collected in North Atlantic.

*Please refer page 12 to 13 of this catalogue for more information.

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3

CHECKING FOR ACTUAL FUCOIDAN QUANTITY

B

oth quality and quantity are important factors to take into consideration when purchasing your Fucoidan products.

There are many brands out there that claims high quantity product ingredients for an extremely low price. Before you make your purchase do research to identify what other ingredients is included in the product and how much of that is actual Fucoidan.

Mostly filler (rice flour)

<

80 to 85% Fucoidan in very small quantities

Great percent of the total amount contains high amount of the 80 or 85% Fucoidan extract.

TYPE OF PRODUCT WITH THE HIGHEST EFFECTIVENESS.

4

PAYING ATTENTION TO THE PURITY OF FUCOIDAN

A

ccording to a series of scientific reports and clinical data, Fucoidan with 80-85% purity (concentration) is known to be

the most effective. In many cases, fucoidan products available in the market use fucoidan with less than 10% purity.

Moreover, some fucoidan products uses even less than 30% purity fucoidan because the lower fucoidan purity correlates to the lower production cost. If the purity is lower, there is relatively higher amount of impurities such as salt. Therefore, lower purity fucoidan product will be likely to have a stronger salty taste.

Some of fucodian brands claim that they use 100% purity fucoidan, however, there would be little chance to introduce the fucoidan with 100% purity. The first reason is, in order to manufacture the fucoidan of 100% purity, production facility must be equipped with special equipment that could result in a very high cost. The second reason is, 100% purity does not demonstrate better efficacy compared to 80-85% purity, according to many researches.

In this regard, 100% purity claims in the market may be a promotional gimmick to attract ill-informed customers.

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FUCOIDANâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S

OTHER HEALTH BENEFITS Mitigates high blood pressure & cholesterol* Alleviates the symptoms caused by diabetes* Reduces digestive disorders* Eliminates the Helicobacter pylori bacteria* Relieves pollen allergies* Relieves eczema* Improves blood circulation* Mitigates the symptoms caused by atherosclerosis* Prevents other common lifestyle diseases*

PUBMED ID 22326809 Relieves Chemotherapy Side Effects Jeju University, Korea PUBMED ID 11321507 Mitigates High Blood Pressure University of Warsaw, Poland PUBMED ID 24388677 Diabetes Laval University, Canada PUBMED ID 18068106 Anti-Viral Activity University of Toyama, Japan PUBMED ID 22431003 Atopy & Allergy Catholic University, Korea

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AGARICUS & BETA-GLUCANS Agaricus mushroom which is originally from Brazil has been known as anti-cancer mushroom.

Its primary anticancer ingredient is β-glucan which has the ability to stimulate the immune cells in our body such as Macrophages and NK cells. This stimulation boosts the bodyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s natural ability to fight against foreign substances and viruses.

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THE EFFECT OF THE SYNERGY BETWEEN FUCOIDAN & AGARICUS Fucoidan and Agaricus are well known

mix of fucoidan and Agaricus activates more

for

efficacy

NK (Natural Killer) cells than Fucoidan alone.

and chemotherapy side effect mitigation

The researches proved that the synergy

functions. This is supported by countless

created with fucoidan and Agaricus can

animal and clinical studies. According to

help increase the support of anti-cancer

published animal studies in the 8th and 12th

activity.

their

powerful

anticancer

of International Congress of Immunology , a

HIGH EFFECT

A

N

TI

-C

A

N

C

ER

N SY

G ER

Y

E

E FF

C

A

T

N

TI

-C

A

N

C

ER

SY

Agaricus

Mozuku Fucoidan

N

ER

G

Y

EF

FE

C

T

Fucus Fucoidan

Mekabu Fucoidan

SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF A MIX OF THREE TYPES OF FUCOIDAN AND AGARICUS

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Fucoidan & Agaricus

Q&A 1. WHAT IS FUCOIDAN? Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide found mainly in various species of brown algae and brown seaweed such as Mozuku, Kombu, Bladderwrack and Wakame.

Fucoidan appears to have anti-tumor, anti-cancer and neuroprotective actions, according to many scientific researches. Specifically, fucoidan acts to block cancer cells from developing and growing. Fucoidan also provide anti-coagulant and anti-thrombotic effects that improve blood circulation. The substance offers actions that modulate the immune system and antioxidant actions as well.

2. IS IT OKAY TO TAKE FUCOIDAN WHILE RECEIVING CANCER TREATMENT SUCH AS CHEMOTHERAPY ?

There are many studies show that Fucoidan alleviates chemo side effects, reduces edema, and extends lifespan when being treated together with chemo drugs in animal tests. By the same token, cancer patients may benefit from an extended lifespan, preventing and alleviating chemo side effects by taking Fucoidan with chemotherapy drugs. Especially the side effects such as fatigue, bone marrow suppression, loss of appetite, vomiting can be critical problems. In terms of quality of life, these harsh side effects can be the reason why some cancer patients are not able to continue with the chemotherapy. Fucoidan is well known for helping to alleviate the chemotherapy side effects and boost the immune system which can be easily damaged by these drugs.

3. ARE THERE ANY SIDE EFFECTS ON FUCOIDAN? Since Fucoidan is extracted from natural brown seaweeds such as Wakame, Mozuku and Bladderwrack there should be no concern regarding any side effects.

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Q&A 4. IS THERE SYNERGISTIC EFFECT BY TAKING SEVERAL DIFFERENT TYPES OF FUCOIDAN AND AGARICUS TOGETHER THAN TAKING THEM RESPECTIVELY? According to the research from Mie university in Japan, Fucoidan extracted from Mozuku perform better in terms of inducing cancer apoptosis than fucoidan extracted from the seaweed Kombu or Mekabu does.

Based on the report regarding Mekabu extract fucoidan in July, 2004 at the 12th International Congress of Immunology in Canada, Mekabu Fucoidan does more effectively in terms of Angiogenesis suppression. Many recent reports present that Fucus Fucoidan is a great supporter for immune-boosting, and perform a powerful antioxidant role.

And also, the function of the β-glucans present in the Agaricus mushroom has been known for strong anti-cancer effect. The major anticancer ingredient of Agaricus is β-glucan. They have the ability to stimulate the immune cells in our body such as macrophages and NK cells.

As explained above, in terms of maximizing the efficacy of Fucoidan and Agaricus’s many health benefits, taking the combination of Mozuku, Mekabu, Fucus Fucoidan and Agaricus will be likely to provide higher efficacy than Mozuku, Mekabu, or Fucus-only Fucoidan product, or Agricus - only product.

5. ARE FUCOIDAN AND AGARICUS ONLY BENEFICIAL FOR THOSE WITH CANCER? One of the main fuctions of Fucoidan and Agaricus is immune boosting by activating immune system. As you are getting older, If you are concerned about losing immunity which may increase the chance of getting diseases including cancer, taking fucoidan and Agaricus related products may support promoting and maintaining your immune system to prevent future diseases.

Fucoidan can also be a great supporter for diabetes, high blood pressure, allergies, or blood circulation disorders.

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THE SCIENCE

BEHIND FUCOIDAN AND AGARICUS

1/

Fucoidan induces apoptosis by activating caspase-8 in human MCF-7 breast cancer cells by inducing the formation of the β1-integrin-caspase-8 complex.

Authors: Yamsaki, Y., Yamasaki, M., Tachibana, H., Yamada, K. Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University Bioscience, PMID: 22790940

2/

Fucoidan is an active component of seaweed that has been shown to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptotic cell death in several tumor cells.

Authors: Yamasaki-Miyamoto, Y., Yamasaki, M., Tachibana, H., Yamada, K. Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Division of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, 812-8581.

PMID: 19754176

3/

The fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides (Fucoidan)-induced apoptosis was evidenced by loss of plasma membrane of the cell membrane and was accompanied by the activation of caspase-3.

Authors: Ale, M. T., Maruyama, H., Tamauchi, H., Mikkelsen, J. D., Meyer AS. Center for Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. PMID: 22363242

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THE SCIENCE

BEHIND FUCOIDAN AND AGARICUS

4/

Oral administration of fucoidan increased the population of natural killer cells in the spleen and it is a candidate anti-tumor functional food.

Authors: Azuma, K., Ishihara, T., Nakamoto, H., Amaha, T., Osaki, T., Tsuka, T., Imagawa, T., Minami, S., Takashima, O., Ifuku, S., Morimoto, M., Saimoto, H., Kawamoto, H., Okamoto, Y. Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama minami, Tottori-shi, 680-8553.

PMID: 23170088

5/

Fucoidan enhanced the antiproliferative activity of resveratrol at nontoxic doses and facilitated resveratrol-induced apoptosis in the HCT1 16 human colon cancer cell line.

Authors: Vishchuk, O.S., Ermakova, S.P., Zvyagintseva, T.N. Laboratory of Enzyme Chemistry, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 100-Let Vladivostoku Ave., 690022.

Article: Marine Drugs, 2013 Jan 21; 11(1):194-212.

PMID: 23337253

6/

Fucoidan has a direct anti-cancer effects on human HS-Sultan (myeloma) cells through caspase and ERK pathway.

Authors: Aisa, Y., Miyakawa, Y., Nakazato, T., Shibata, H., Saito, K., Ikeda, Y., Kizaki, M. Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine.

Article: Am J Hematol. 2005 Jan; 78(1):7-14.

PMID: 15609279

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7/

Fucoidan reduces VEGF expression and angiogenesis in vitro and may be of interest for further studies as a potential therapy against exudative agerelated macular degeneration.

Authors: Dithmer, M., Fuchs, S., Shi, Y., Schmidt, H., Richert, E., Roider, J., Klettner, A. University

of

Kiel,

University

Medical

Center,

Department

of

Ophthalmology, Kiel, Germany; University of Kiel, University Medical Center, Experimental Trauma Surgery, Kiel, Germany; MetaPhysiol, Essenheim, Germany.

PMID: 24558482

8/

Fucoidan dose-dependently inhibited the expression of HCV (hepatitis C virus) replicon. Fucoidan is safe and useful in the treatment of patients with HCV-related chronic liver diseases.

Authors: Mori, N., Nakasone, K., Tomimori, K., Ishikawa, C. Department of Microbiology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, 903-0215.

PMID: 22611316

9/

Agarol, an ergosterol derivative from Agaricus blazei, induces caspaseindependent apoptosis in human cancer cells.

Authors: Shimizu T, Kawai J, Ouchi K, Kikuchi H, Osima Y, Hidemi R. Mushroom Research Laboratory, Hokuto Corporation, Nagano 3810008, Japan; Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.

PMID: 26893131

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FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY

Dis c laim e r This catalog is watermarked because it includes certain information that has not been evaluated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. This catalog is intended for educational purposes only and is subject to the following conditions: (a) the content may be used solely for information purposes and may not be used for commercial purposes; and (b) the content may not be modified or altered in any way. You may not republish, distribute or prepare derivative works. The information is intended to help readers round out their understanding of some of the complexities and difficulties involved in the research of complex carbohydrates as is the case of polysaccharides. None of the information contained herein or materials provided are intended to constitute medical advice or professional services. The information provided should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease. It is not a substitute for professional care. If you have - or suspect you may have â&#x20AC;&#x201C; a health problem, you should consult your health care provider. The information provided regarding the functional ingredients mentioned does not, in any way, relate to any finished dietary supplements. *The statements on this catalog have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. The information on this catalog is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

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All Rights Reserved 2016