Telemetry of high-risk patients with cardiovascular diseases
Prof. Ivo Iliev, DSc – TU-Sofia Ass.prof. Krasimira Kostikova– MU-Sofia
Telemetry system architecture – WBAN conception
Target groups of patients indicative of telemetry •Patients with left ventricular dysfunction •Patients with symptomatic conduction dysfunctions
•Patients with Implantable Pacemakers (PM), who need of post-operative monitoring and control •Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease or survived after Myocardial Infarction •Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and diabetes •Patients with flutter •Patients after transplantation
Schematic design
Data Processing at ECG Telemetry System 1. Power-line removal and base-line drift suppression
2. QRS recognition and classification
Algorithms verification MIT-BIH, AHA and European ST-T databases are used База данни
Se [%]
PPV [%]
TP beats
FN beats
FP beats
FPH beats
MIT-BIH
99.37
99.51
208701
1315
1033
21.5
AHA
99.32
99.66
322328
2205
1085
15.5
European ST-T
99.85
99.54
836750
1271
3850
20.1
Общо за трите
99.65
99.57
1367779
4791
5968
19.3
Нормални NBs
Камерни екстрасистоли VBs
Коректни бр.
Грешни бр.
Sp [%]
Пълна база данни
174000
1675
99.05
Noise free
172045
180
Пълна база данни
310982
Noise free
291936
Коректни бр.
Грешни бр.
Se [%]
12454
591
95.47
99.9
12209
81
99.34
3584
98.86
28207
1182
95.98
1131
99.61
23475
184
99.22
•MIT-BIH
•AHA
Application of telemetry at hospital environment
PatRis – Software Tool Applicable in Telemetry Systems for Patients at Risk
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are a leading cause for death and disablement worldwide. This global epidemic affects all regions in the world.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a major cause for premature death in Europe. They are a leading cause for disablement and contribute to a large extent to growing healthcare expenses.
CVD death is often unexpected and occurs before medical help is rendered. That’s why a lot of therapeutic interventions are either inapplicable or palliative.
• CVD: • Ischemic heart disease – angina and myocardial infarction • Cerebrovascular disease (stroke and transient ischemic attack) • Peripheral vascular disease • Hypertension • Valvular and congenital heart disease • Rhythm and conduction disorders • Congestive heart failure
• Atrial filbrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia.
AF may lead to: • Death – mortality rate is twice as high in patients with AF as compared to patients without AF • Stroke – Every 4th stroke is caused by AF – Embolic stroke caused by AF is graver and with a worse prognosis
• Heart failure and acute coronary syndrome - greater incidence of HF and ACS in patients with AF (N England Journal Of Medicine 2010,362:1363- 73) • Cognitive dysfunction – asymptomatic embolic incidents accompanied by AF worsen the cognitive function (Eur Heart J 2008; 29 2125-2132)
12-lead ECG remains the gold standard for arrhythmia detection, the major drawback of the method being the lack of early detection in asymptomatic patients.
Recent research has shown that more frequent rhythms monitoring raises the cases of AF detection. However, the appliances required are expensive and inconvenient. Due to these impediments, the National Health, Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute guidelines emphasize the need for a new method for AF detection. (Circulation 2009;119:606–618.)
Objective:
To analyze the data received from the telemetry ECG monitoring system applied to patients with rhythm and conduction disorders
Material and methods: We applied a telemetry ECG monitoring system to 42 patients (28female and 14male) treated in the Cardiology Department of the Clinic of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, University Hospital Alexandrovska, Sofia, for the period of 3months (from June 2013 to September 2013). Patients in the following groups were included:
Materials and methods: • 9 patients with ischemic heart disease and surviving a myocardial infarction (3 female, 6 male) • 8 patients with ischemic heart disease – without a MI (4 female and 4 male) • 25 patients at high risk (18 female and 4 male): patients with arterial hypertension, heart failure (associated with valvular heart disease or cardiomyopathy), myopericarditis, accompanying thyreopathology and patients with accompanying electrolyte disbalance
HARDWARE
Ultraportative device called Personal Analyzer
Results: Using the device we registered different cases of: • Rhythm disorders – atrial (37 episodes) and ventricular (23 episodes) extrasystoles, supraventricular tachycardia (3 episodes), episodes of atrial fiblillation (10) • Conduction disorders – AV block I degree (2) and SA block (1)
Number and type of the registered rhythm and conduction disorders:
The telemetry monitoring system showed very good efficacy and tolerability in all 42 patients. The total number of 76 episodes of rhythm and conduction disorders registered permitted a timely therapeutic intervention, especially in the cases when there was an impediment for standard holter ECG monitoring.
No serious technical failures or malfunctions in the telemetry system were observed during the period of follow-up.
The follow-up of the patients in the Cardiology Department of the Clinic of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases “Prof. St. Kirkovich�through telemetry monitoring is on-going. The results from the system described are to be analyzed through a parallel comparison with the data from the holter ECG monitoring, the morphological echocardiogram evaluation, including the patient’s risk profile, as well as the factor time to event and possibility for intervention.
The application of the telemetry ECG monitoring system is a novel, convenient non-invasive technology for a complete 24-hour uninterrupted ECG monitoring and control of the patient outside the intensive care ward which allows for immediate emergency reanimation procedures. Its benefits for routine use in the clinical practice are doubtless.