Vivah Melapak Me Mangal Dosh Ka Prabhav

Page 1


fookg esykid esa eaxy nks’k dk izHkko

A Thesis Submitted

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

Dr. Ram Chandra Pandey Sachin Atray Supervisor Research Scholar (Enrolment No. MUR 1303970)

DEPARTMENT OF ASTROLOGY.

FACULTY OF ALTERNATIVE THERAPY, MEWAR UNIVERSITY, GANGRAR, CHITTORGARH, RAJASTHAN

Year-2020

Declaration by the Candidate CERTIFICATE

I, hereby, declare that the work presented in this thesis, entitled fookg esykid esa eaxy nks’k dk izHkko

In fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Mear University, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan is an authentic record of my own research work carried out under the supervision of Dr. Ram Chandra Panday.

I, also declare that the work embodied in the present thesis is my original work and has not been submitted by me for any other Degree or Diploma in any University/Institution.

Sachin Atray Research Scholar (Enrolment No. MUR 1303970)

Certificate of the Supervisor(s)

CERTIFICATE

This is certify that the thesis, entitled fookg esykid esa eaxy nks’k dk izHkko] submitted by Mr. Sachin Atray_ embodies the findings of his original research work carried out under my supervision and it fulfills all the conditions prescribed by Mewar University, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan For the award of Doctor of Phiosophy Degree in Astrology to the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in this thesis has not been submitted elsewhere for the award of any other degree or diploma.

Plagiarism Report duly signed by Scholar and Supervisor

I declare in the best of my Knowledge that the entire work of this Doctoral dissertation is original and no part of it is copied from elsewhere. iI will be solely responsible if it is found to be copied from any other work.

Dr. Ram Chandra Panday Sachin Atray supervisor Research Scholar (Enrolment No. MUR1303970)

COPYRIGHT TRANSFER CERIFICATE

Title of the Thesis : fookg esykid esa eaxy nks’k dk izHkko

Research Scholar Name : Sachin Atray

Copyright Transfer

The undersigned hereby assigns to the Mewar University all rights under copyright that may exist in and for the above thesis submitted for the award of the Ph. D. Degree.

(Sachin Atray)

Note : However, the author may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce material extracted verbatim from the thesis or derivative of the thesis for the author’s personal use provided that the source and the university’s copyright notice are indicated.

fo’k; dFku

Qfyr T;ksfr’k dh izR;sd “kk[kk] iz”kk[kk Hkkjh vUrfoZjks/kks dk f”kdkj gS] ftlls

Qfyr dh fdlh Hkh “kk[kk ij “kqfprk ,oa izfrKk iwoZd Qykns”k djus dk iz;kl

djus okyk O;fDr Hkkjh /keZladV es Ql tkrk gSA T;ksfr’k “kkL= ds fofHkUu

ys[kdksa dh jpukvksa (lafgrk&tkrd&eqgwrZlkfgR;) dk v/;;u djrs gq, izR;sd

O;fDr dks in&in ij brus Li’V fojks/kkas dk lk{kkRdkj gksrk gS fd og bl “kkL= dh izekf.kdrk dks lUnsg dh dksfV es j[ks fcuk ugha jg ldrkA lq[kn nkEiR; ds fy, T;ksfr’k es dq.Myh feyku dh ;g “kk[kk Hkh ,sls fojks/kkas ls oafpr ugha gSA

LFkkuh; ijEijkvksa ds vuqlkj Hkh *ekaxfyd ;ksx* vkfn dk fu.kZ; djus es Hkkjh

erHksn feyrk gSA nf{k.k Hkkjr esa f}rh; Hkko dks Hkh nkEiR;&thou dh le`f)

O;`f) ds fy, mÙkjnk;h ekuk x;k gS] tcfd mÙkj Hkkjr ds vf/kdrj Hkkx esa dsoy lIre Hkko dks gh bl fo’k; ds fy, mRrjnk;h ekuus dh nSoK&ijEijk gSA

bl erHksn ds dkj.k dq.Myh feyku es *ekaxfyd nks’k* ds ckjs es nksuksa i{kkas ds vuq;k;h nSoK ,d ifj.kke ij ugha igqap ikrs gSaA

lHkh ofl’V] ukjn [1] vkfn lafgrk xzUFkkas eas oj&dU;k ds fookg lEcU/k ds fu.kZ; ds fy, dsoy o.kZ] x.k] ukMh vkfn dwVksa ds fopkjkas dh gh ckr feyrh gSA bu xzUFkkas ds feyku izdj.kkas eas bu dwVkas ds dqQy rFkk bu ds ifjgkj vkfn dh lqfoLr`r foospuk feyrh gS vkSj bUgha dwVksa ds vk/kkj ij gh oj&dU;k ds fookg&lEcU/k dh “kD;k”kDr;k dk ogka fu.kZ; fd;k x;k gSA ysfdu ogka dgha Hkh ekaxfyd vkfn dk fopkj djus dh ppkZ ugha gSA 16oha “krkCnh ds eqgwrZfparkef.k [2]] eqgwrZ dYinwze [3]] eqgwrZ ekrZ.M vkfn eqgwrZxzUFkks eas Hkh feyku ds izlax esa dsoy v’VdwV gh fopkj.kh; gSaA tUedkfyd eaxy dh fLFkfr vkfn ls feyku dk dksbZ lEcU/k bu ekSgwfrZdkas us dnkfi ugh ekukA 17oha lnh ds *iz”uekxZ* dk *vkuqdwY;*

[4] (feyku) Hkh o.kZ vkfn dwVkas ij vk/kkfjr gSA *T;ksfrfoZnkHkj.k* vkfn leLr

eqgwrZxzUFkksa eas Hkh dwVkas dks gh oj&dU;k ds lEcU/k ds fy, fopkj.kh; fo’k; cuk;k

x;k gSA ;gka rd dh *fookgo`Unkou* ftldk ,dek= fo’k; oj&dU;k ds lQy

fookg lEcU/k ds T;ksfr’k “kkL=h; vk/kkj dk lkaxksikax foospu gh gS] og Hkh dsoy

v’VdwVksa dks gh foospu djrk gS [5] A blds jfp;rk ds”kokdZ us Hkh oj&dU;k dh

tUedkfyd xzgfLFkfr ds vk/kkj ij fookg lEcU/k dh lQyrk&foQyrk dh vksj

dksbZ ladsr ugha fd;kA yxHkx 16oha “krkCnh dh d`fr ^tkrd ikfjtkr* esa nSoK

cS|ukFk us oj&o/kq dh xzg fLFkfr;ksa ds feyku ls nkEiR; lq[kdkjh dq;ksx ds

dqQy dh fuo`fr dh ckr dsoy bl “yksd es nh gS %

*?kwu&dqVwEcxrkS ;fn ikikS nkj fo;ksxt nq%[k djkS rkSA

rkn`”k;ksxt&nkj;qr”psr thorh&iq=&/kukfn;qr”pAA* [6]

blds vfrfjDr dgha vU;= izkphu T;ksfr’k lkfgR; esa oj&dU;k dh tUedkfyd

xzg fLFkfr dh rqyuk ls nkEiR; lEcU/k ds “kqHkk”kqHk dk lUns”k “kk;n ugha gSA

mYys[kuh; gS fd T;ksfr’k ds izkfpu ,oa vk/kkjHkwr xzUFkks&^tkrd ikfjtkr*]

^lkjkoyh*] ^Qynhfidk*] ^iz”u ekxZ* esa eaxy nks’k dk dksbZ O;ofLFkr ,oa ikfjHkkf’kd

Lo:i ugh izkIr gksrkA nf{k.k Hkkjrh; ^^nsodsjye~** uked iqLrd esa loZizFke eaxy

nks’k dk lS)kafrd fooj.k izkIr gksrk gSA

lq[kn nkEiR; thou ds fy, tUekaxksa esa v”kqHk xzgksa dh fLFkfr fo”ks’kdj eaxy dh fLFkfr ij nSoK fo”ks’k cy nsrs gSA D;k tkrd ds tUekax esa fdlh fo”ks’k Hkko esa

v”kqHk xzg (eaxy) dh fLFkfr dk tkrd ds nkEiR; thou ij dksbZ v”kqHk izHkko gksrk gS ;k ugha] vxj gksrk gS rks D;k ftlds lkFk ml tkrd dk fookg fd;k

tk, mlds tUekax esa Hkh eaxy dh fLFkfr fdlh fo”ks’k Hkko esa gksuh pkfg,A izLrqr

“kks/k ^esykid esa eaxy dk izHkko* esa mijksDr dFku dk gh fo”ys’k.k fd;k x;k gSA

v/;k; dzekad “kh’kZd i`- la[;k fo’k; dFku

rkfydk&lwph

xzkQ&lwph

1- T;ksfr’k

1-1 izLrkouk

1-2 T;ksfr’k dk Lo:i

1-3 osnkax

1-3-1 f”k{kk

1-3-2 dYi

1-3-3 fu:Dr

1-3-4 O;kdj.k

1-3-5 NUn

1-3-6 T;ksfr’k

1-4 oSfnd T;ksfr’k

1-4-1 _Xosn T;ksfr’k

1-4-2 ;tqoZsn T;ksfr’k

1-4-3 vFkoZosn T;ksfr’k

1-5 T;ksfr’k “kkL= ds izorZd

1-6 iapLdU/k T;ksfr’k

1-6-1 gksjk

1-6-2 xf.kr ;k fl)kUr

1-6-3 lafgrk

1-6-4 iz”u”kkL=

1-6-5 “kdqu

1-7 T;ksfr’k “kCn dh O;qRifRr ,oa vFkZ

v/;k; dzekad “kh’kZd

2- fookg

2-1 izLrkouk

2-2 x`gLFk vkJe dk bfrgkl

2-3 fookg% vFkZ] ifjHkk’kk ,oa Lo:i

3- laEcfU/kr lkfgR; dk losZ{k.k

3-1 izLrkouk

3-2 HkkSeQy

3-3 fofHkUu Hkkoksa esa eaxy dk izHkko

3-3-1 yXu

3-3-2 prqFkZ

3-3-3 lIre

3-3-4 v’Ve

3-3-5 }kn”k

4- “kks/k i)fr

4-1 “kks/k dk mnn~s”;

4-2 “kks/k {ks=

4-3 “kks/k dh lhek

4-4 ifjlheu

4-5 “kks/k izfdz;k

4-5-1 v/;;u dk izk:i

4-5-2 izfr:i ;k uewus

4-5-3 vkadM+ksa dk laxzg.k

4-5-4 iz;ksx esa yk, tkus okys midj.k

4-5-5 fu;e

4-5-6 lkaf[;dh; fo”ys’k.k izfdz;k

5- izk:iksa dk fo”ys’k.k

5-1 tUe yXuxr jkf”k o }kn”k Hkkoksa esa xzgksa dk izHkko

5-2 iq#’k tkrdksa dh yXu dq.Myh esa xzgksa

dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-3 L=h tkrdksa dh yXu dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh

Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-4 pfyr Hkko dq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa esa xzgks

dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-5 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-6 L=h tkrdksa dh pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-7 tUe pUnz dq.Myhxr jkf”k o }kn”k Hkkoksa esa xzgksa dk izHkko

5-8 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh

Hkkoxr fLFkfr

5-9 L=h tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh

Hkkoxr fLFkfr

5-10 tUe uoka”kxr jkf”k o }kn”k Hkkoksa esa xzgksa

dk izHkko

5-11 iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka”k dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh

Hkkoxr fLFkfr

5-12 L=h tkrdksa dh uoka”k dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh

Hkkoxr fLFkfr

v/;k; dzekad “kh’kZd i`- la[;k

5-13 ukWu&ekaxfyd] ukWu&ekaxfyd o ekaxfyd] ekaxfyd tkrdksa ds nkEiR; thou ij eaxy dk izHkko

5-14 ekaxfyd o ukWu&ekaxfyd tkrdksa ds nkEiR; thou ij eaxy dk izHkko

6- 6-1 v/;;u dk ifj.kke

6-2 fu’d’kZ

6-3 lq>ko

xzkQ&lwph

dzekad “kh’kZd i`’V la[;k

5-1-1&5-1-9 tUe yXuxr jkf”k o }kn”k Hkkoksa esa xzgksa dk izHkko

5-2-1&5-2-9 iq#’k tkrdksa dh yXu dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-3-1&5-3-9 L=h tkrdksa dh yXu dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-4-1&5-4-9 pfyr Hkko dq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa esa xzgks dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-5-1&5-5-9 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-6-1&5-6-9 L=h tkrdksa dh pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-7-1&5-7-9 pUnz dq.Myh esa yXuxr jkf”k o xzgksa dh

Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-8-1&5-8-9 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-9-1&5-9-9 L=h tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-10-1&5-10-9 tUe uoka”kxr jkf”k o }kn”k Hkkoksa esa xzgksa dk izHkko

5-11-1&5-11-9 iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka”k dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-12-1&5-12-9 L=h tkrdksa dh uoka”k dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh

Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

rkfydk&lwph

dzekad “kh’kZd i`’V la[;k

5-23 yXudq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa esa jkf”k o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-24 iq#’k tkrdksa dh yXu dq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa esa

jkf”k o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-25 L=h tkrdksa dh yXu dq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa esa

jkf”k o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-26 nksuksa tkrdksa dh pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds }kn”k

Hkkoksa esa jkf”k o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-27 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa

esa jkf”k o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-28 L=h tkrdksa dh pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa esa

jkf”k o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-29 pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj lHkh tkrdksa dh }kn”k Hkkoksa

esa jkf”k o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-30 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa esa jkf”k

o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-31 L=h tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa esa jkf”k

o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-32 uoka”k dq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa esa jkf”k o xzgksa

dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-33 iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka”k dq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa esa jkf”k

o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-34 L=h tkrdksa dh uoka”k dq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa esa jkf”k

o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

v/;k; 1

T;ksfr’k

1-1 izLrkouk

T;ksfr’k og fo|k ;k ‚kkL= gS] ftlesa vkdk‛k esa fLFkr xzg] u{k= vkfn dh xfr]

ifjek.k] nwjh vkfn dk fu‛p; fd;k tkrk gSA ^T;ksfr% vfLr ;L; T;ksfr% vp~A*

UkHke.My esa fLFkr T;ksfr% ¼xzg&u{k=½ lEcU/kh fofo/k fo’k;d fo|k dks T;ksfrfoZ|k

dgrs gSa vkSj ftl ‚kkL= esa mldk mins‛k ;k o.kZu jgrk gS] og T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= dgykrk gS&^T;ksfr’kka lw;kZfnxzgk.kka cks/kda ‚kkL=a T;ksfr%‛kkL=e~* vFkkZr~ ftl ‚kkL= ds }kjk lw;Z vkfn xzgksa dh xfr] fLFkfr vkfn rFkk xf.kr] tkrd vkfn dk lE;d~

Kku gks] ml ‚kkL= dks T;ksfr%‛kkL= dgrs gSaA

1-2 T;ksfr’k dk Lo:i

T;ksfr’k osn dk vax gSA ^vax* ‚kCn dk vFkZ lgk;d gksrk gS vFkkZr~ osnksa ds

okLrfod vFkZ dk cks/k djkus okykA ^vax;Urs Kk;Urs vehfHkfjfr vaxkfu* vFkkZr~ ftu midj.kksa dh lgk;rk ls fdlh rRo fo‛ks’k dk ifjKku gks] mUgsa vax dgk

tkrk gSA rkRi;Z ;g gS fd osnksa esa ;FkkFkZ Kku esa vkSj muesa of.kZr fo’k;ksa ds

izfriknu esa lg;ksx iznku djus okys leFkZ ‚kkL= dk uke osnkax gSA [7] osn lalkj dk izkphure /keZxzUFk gS] tk Kku foKkue; ,oa vR;ar xEHkhj gSA vr% osn

dh osnrk dks tkuus ds fy;s f‛k{kk vkfn N% vaxksa dh izo`fr gqbZ gSA eq.Mdksifu’kn~ ¼1A1A 4&5½ & esa bUgsa vijk fo|k dk :i crk;k x;k gS&^}s fo|s osfnrO;s bfr g

Le ;n~ czg~efonks onfUr ijk pSokijk pAA r+=kijk _Xosnk ;tqosZn% lkeosnks∙FkoZosn% f‛k{kk dYiks O;kdj.ka fu#ä NUnks T;ksfr’kfefrA vFk ijk ;;k rn{kjef/kxE;rsAA**

lk/kuHkwr /keZ ds Kku ds gsrq gksus ls ‘kV~&vaxksa lfgr deZdk.Mksa dks vkFkoZf.kd

yksxksa us vijk fo|k ekuk gS vkSj ije iq#’kkFkZHkwr czg~e ds Kku ds gsrq ¼mik; ½ gksus ls mifu’knksa dks ijk fo|k dgk gSA [8]

ikf.kuh; f‛k{kk xzUFk esa dgk x;k gS fd osn:i iq#’k ds nksuksa iSj NUn gSa] nksuksa gkFk dYi gSa] vka[ksa T;ksfr’k gSa] dku fu#Dr gSa] ukd f‛k{kk gS vkSj eq[k O;kdj.k gSA bl izdkj lkaxosn dk v/;;u djus okyk czg~eyksd esa iwftr gksrk gSA osnksa esa lwf=r o vuqizkf.kr Kku dks le>us o ân;axe djus ds fy, N% osnkaxksa dk

v/;;u ijeko‛;d gSA

1-3 osnkax

1-3-1 f‛k{kk & ;g oSfnd v{kj] o.kZ] in] ek=k vkfn dk Kku djrh gSA blds izfl) xzUFk ikf.kuh; f‛k{kk vkSj ;kKoYD; f‛k{kk gSaA

1-3-2- dYi & bl osnkax esa eU=ksa dk leqfpr o ;K lEcU/kh iz;ksx crk;k tkrk gSA blds xzUFk lw= ‚kSyh esa fy[ks x, gSaA tSls] ikjLdj lw= o vk‛oyk;u lw=A

1-3-3- fu#Dr & ;g inksa ;k ‚kCnksa dk ewy lzksr o fodkl dze le>usa esa enn

djrk gSA ;g dkQh gn rd vktdy ds Hkk’kk foKku tSlk gSA bldk izeq[k xzUFk

eqfu ;Ld dk fu#Dr gSA

1-3-4- O;kdj.k % oSfnd laLd`r Hkk’kk dh ‚kCn jpuk] ‚kq) ‚kCn dk ifjKku rFkk

mldh fu’ifRr le>rk gSA ikf.kuh; O;kdj.k dks ewy :i ls ikf.kfu eqfu us izdV

fd;k rFkk ckn esa dkR;k;u o iratfy us fodflr fd;k FkkA ;gh f=eqfu&O;kdj.k

bldk loZeq[; xzUFk gSA

1-3-5- NUn % oSfnd ek=kvksa y;] Loj] xfr] fojke] gzLo rFkk nh?kZ mPpkj.k tSls

Hkk’kk ds y{k.kksa dk v/;;u bl vax esa fd;k tkrk gSA fiaxy dk NUn% lw= bldk

izeq[k xzUFk gSA

1-3-6- T;ksfr’k % _f’k;ksa eqfu;ksa dk T;ksfr’k foKku vius xq.kksa ds dkj.k lHkh osnkaxksa

esa eq[; gSA bldk izkphure rFkk vc miyC/k gksus okyk xzUFk ^osnkax T;ksfr’ke~* gh

gS] ftldh jpuk egf’kZ yx/k usa dh FkhA T;ksfr’k dks osn p{kq dgk x;k gSA [9]

fo‛ooU|a osn esa ,d yk[k ea= gSa] ftuesa deZdk.M ds 80 gtkj] miklukdk.M ds

16 gtkj vkSj Kkudk.M ds 4 gtkj eU= gSaA vr% Li’V gS fd osnksa esa deZdk.M

dh gh iz/kkurk gS vFkkZr~ ;K Hkkx gh osnksa dk eq[; fo’k; gSA vr,o HkkLdjkpk;Z

us vius ^fl)kUr f‛kjksef.k* uked xzUFk esa dgk gS fd osn ;K&deZ esa izo`r gksrs gSa

vkSj ;K dky ds vkfJRk gksrs gS rFkk T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= esa dky dk Kku gksrk gS]

blls T;ksfr’k dk osnkaxRo fl) gksrk gSA ftl izdkj O;kdj.k osniq#’k dk eq[k gS]

mlh izdkj T;ksfr’k dks mldk us= dgk x;k gS&^T;ksfr’ke;ua p{kq%*A us=ksa ds fcuk

ftl izdkj dksbZ euq’; Lo;a ,d iSj Hkh lgh izdkj ls ugha py ldrk] mlh izdkj

T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= ds fcuk osniq#’k esa vU/krk vk tkrh gSA osn esa ;K dks Js’Bre deZ

crk;k x;k gS&^;Kksa oS Js’Bre deZ* vkSj ;K dk fo/kku fof‛k’V dky dh vis{kk

j[krk gSA dgus dk vk{k; ;g gS fd fu‛fpr :i ls frfFk] u{k=] i{k] ekl] _rq

vkSj laoRlj ds lEkLr va‛kksa ds lkFk ;K&;kx ds fo/kku osnksa esa izkIr gksrs gaSA

muds mi;ksx ds fy;s T;ksfr’k dk Kku vR;ar vko‛;d gSA blfy;s fo}ku

T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= dks ^dkyfoKkid ‚kkL=* Hkh dgrs gSA D;kasfd eqgwrZ fudkydj dh

tkus okyh ;Kkfn fdz;k fo‛ks’k Qynk;h gksrh gSA vr,o osnkax T;ksfr’k dk dFku

gS fd tks euq’; T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= dks vPNh rjg tkurk gS] ogh ;K ds ;FkkFkZ Lo:i

dk Kkrk gksrk gS& ^osnk fg ;KkFkZefHkizo`rk% dkykfHkiwokZ fofgrk‛p ;Kk%A rLekfnna

dkyfo/kku‛kkL=a ;ks T;ksfr’ka osn l osn ;Ke~AA* bl izdkj ;Kksa ,oa laLdkjksa dh

leLr fdz;k,a fuf‛pr eqgwrksaZ ij fuf‛pr dkykof/k esa lEIkUu djuk vko‛;d gSA buds Kku gsr T;ksfr’k‛kkL=h; iapkx gh ,dek= vk/kkj gSA fdlh Hkh /kkfeZd vuq’Bku ds lEiknu esa frfFk] okj] u{k=] ;ksx vkSj dj.k&bu ikap vaxksa dks /;ku

esa j[kk tkrk gSA iapkax }kjk laLdkjksa] ;Kkuq’Bkuksa ,oa ;k=kfn dk;ksaZ ls lEcfU/kr

eqgwrksZa dk Kku gksrk gSA vr,o izR;sd osn ls lEcfU/kr T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= dk v/;;u

oSfnd dky ls gh izpfyr jgk gSA izkphudky esa pkjksa osnksa ds vyx&vyx

T;ksfr’k Fks] muesa vHkh lkeosn dk T;ksfr’k vuqiyC/k gSA vU; rhu osnksa ds T;ksfr’k

izkIr gksrs gSa] tks bl izdkj gSa&

1-4 oSfnd T;ksfr’k

1-4-1 _Xosn T;ksfr’k& vkpZ T;ksfr’k&i|&la[;k&36A

1-4-2 ;tqosZn T;ksfr’k& ;ktq’k T;ksfr’k&i|&la[;k&39A

1-4-3 vFkoZosn T;ksfr’k& vkFkoZ.k T;ksfr’k&i|&la[;k&162A

vkpZ T;ksfr’k vkSj ;ktq’k T;ksfr’k esa izk;% lekurk gh gSA dgha&dgha bfrgkl

vkFkoZ.k T;ksfr’k dks NksM nks T;ksfr’kksa dk gh mYys[k feyrk gSA la[;k ds fo’k; esa

Hkh erkUrj gSA ;ktq’k T;ksfr’k dh i|&la[;k Åij 39 dgh xbZ gS] dgha&dgha 49

gSA blh izdkj vkFkoZ.k T;ksfr’k ds LFkku ij vFkoZ T;ksfr’k ;g uke Hkh feyrk gSA

T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= osn dh fueZy n`f’V d :i esa izfl) gSA bldk lEcU/k ;Kkfn rFkk

x`g~;kfn tUe ls ej.k rd& ds lEkLr deksaZ ds lkFk gS vFkkZr~ thoui;ksxh lHkh deZ] ftuesa ekuo ek= lQyrk dh dkeuk djrk gS] T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= ls lEc) gSA

us=kax gksus ds dkj.k T;ksfr’k dk LFkku loksZifj ekuk x;k gSA osnkax T;ksfr’k ds

jpf;rk egkRek yXk/k us osnkaxksa esa T;ksfr’k dks loksZRd`’V ekurs gq, dgk fd ftl

izdkj e;wj dh f‚k[kk mlds flj ij gh jgrh gS] liksaZ dh ef.k muds eLrd ij gh fuokl djrh gS] mlh izdkj ‘kMaxksa esa T;ksfr’k dks loZJs’B LFkku izkIr gS&

^;Fkk f‛k[kk e;wjk.kka ukxkuka e.k;ksa ;FkkA r}}snkax‛kkL=k.kka T;ksfr’ka ewf/Zu

lafLFkre~AA* [10]

1-5 T;ksfr’k ‚kkL= ds izorZd &

dk‛;i ds erkuqlkj T;ksfr’k‛kkL= ds vBkjg izorZdkpk;Z gSa&

^lw;Z% firkegks O;klks ofl’Bksvf=% ijk‛kj%A d‛;iks ukjnks xxksZ ejhfpeuqvaxhjk%AA

ykse‛k% ikSfy‛k‛pSo P;ouks ;ouks Hk`xq%A ‚kkSudksv’Vkn‛k‛pSrs T;ksfr% ‚kkL=izorZdk%AA*

iqyLR; vkSj ikSfy‛k&Hksn ls ijk‛kj us T;ksfr’k‛kkL= ds mUuhl izorZdkpk;Z crk;s

gSaA [11]

nsof’kZ ukjn us viuh ukjnlafgrk esa lw;Z dks NksM+dj l=g izorZd vkpk;Z dgs gSa]

ijarq iapo’kZ;qx&o.kZu;qDr osnkax T;ksfr’k ds fuekZrk egkRek yx/k dh ppkZ

T;ksfr%‛kkL= izorZd ds :i esa lafgrkdkjksa us ugha dh gSA

bu T;ksfr%‛kkL= ds izorZd vkpk;ksaZ ds fl)kUrksa ,oa lafgrk ds xzaFkksa dh vuqiyC/krk

ds dkj.k buds le;kfn dk fu:i.k djuk vR;Ur dfBu gSA fl)kUr] lafgrk vkSj

gksjk:i bl ‚kkL= dks osn dk fueZy p{kq dgk x;k gSA blds fcuk Jqfr&Le`fr

iqjk.kksaiikfnr Jksr&LekrZ dk dksbZ Hkh deZ fl) ugha gks ldrkA txr~ ds fgr ds

fy, gh czg~ek th us bl ‚kkL= dk fuekZ.k fd;kA tSlk fd nsof’kZ ukjn th us viuh lafgrk esa dgk gS&

^fl)kUrlafgrkgksjk:iLdU/k=;kRede~A osnL; fueZya p{kqT;ksZfr‛‛kkL=edYie’ke~A

fouSrnf[kya JkSra LekrZa deZ u fl/;frA rL;kTtxf)rk;sna czg~e.kk fufeZra iqjkAA* [12]

vkpk;Z ojkgfefgj us Hkh dgk gS fd vusd Hksnksa ls ;qDr T;ksfr’k‛kkL= ds rhu

foHkkx&lafgrk] rU= vkSj gksjk gSaA ftlesa lEiw.kZ T;ksfr’k‚kkL= ds fo’k;ksa dk o.kZu gks] mldks ^lafgrk* dgrs gSaA ftlesa xf.kr }kjk xzgxfr dk fu.kZ; fd;k x;k gks]

mldks ^rU=* dgrs gSaA blds vfrfjDr tkrd ds eqgwrZ vkfn dk fu.kZ; ftlesa gks] mldks ^gksjk* dgrs gSaA

leLr T;ksfr’k ‚kkL= xf.kr] lafgrk] ,oa gksjk bu rhu Hksnksa ds dkj.k rhu foHkkxksa

esa foHkDr gSA ;s rhu LdU/k gh T;ksfr’k ds ^^f=LdU/k** Hksn dgykrs gSaA Jh ukjn ds

vuqlkj fl)kUr] lafgrk o gksjk :i rhu LdU/kksa okyk mRre T;ksfr’k ‚kkL= gh

osnksa dk ifo=&us= gSA vkpk;Z c`gLifr ds vuqlkj& rhu LdU/k okys bl ‚kkL= esa

lcls igyk ‚kkL= fl)kUr dgk tkrk gSA nwljk tkrd ‚kkL= vkSj lafgrk uke dk

rhljk ‚kkL=] ;s rhu LdU/k dzeokj T;ksfr’k txr esa iz‛kLr gSaA ikjk‛kj _f’k ds

vuqlkj& ;s Hkxou~~! cgqr cM+s iq.; okyk vkSj xqIr osnksa dk mRre LdU/kksa okyk ;g

T;ksfr’k ‚kkL= gSA ftlesa gksjk] xf.kr vkSj lafgrk ;s rhu LdU/k gSaA Lo;a

ojkgfefgj ds vuqlkj& T;ksfr’k ‚kkL= ds Hksnksa ds fo’k; rhu LdU/kksa esa vkfJr gSaA

blfy;s la{ksi esa muds uke crkus ds fy;s eqfu;ksa us mls lafgrk Hkh dgk gSA

ftlesa xf.kr xzg xfr dk rU= crk;k x;k gS og fl)kUr gS] T;ksfr’k ds ftl

vax esa fu‛p; :i ls Qy dgk x;k gS og gksjk dgykrk gSA vkxs tkdj ;g

‚kkL= iap:ikRed&gksjk] xf.kr ;k fl)kUr] lafgrk] iz‛u vkSj ‚kdqu :i gks x;kA

[13]

1-6 iapLdU/k T;ksfr’k

1-6-1 gksjk

bldk nwljk uke tkrd ‛kkL= gSA bldh mRifr ^vgksjk=* ‚kCn ls gSA vkfn ‚kCn

^v* vkSj vfUre ‚kCn ^=* dk yksi dj nsus ls gksjk ‚kCn curk gSA tUedkfyu xzgksa

dh fLFkfr ds vuqlkj O;fDr ds fy, QykQy dk fu:i.k blesa fd;k tkrk gSA

bl ‚kkL= esa tUedq.Myh ds }kn‛k Hkkoksa ds Qy muesa fLFkr xzgksa dh vis{kk rFkk n`f’V j[kus okys xzgksa ds vuqlkj foLrkjiwoZd izfrikfnr fd;s tkrs gSaA ekuo thou

ds lq[k] nq%[k] b’V] vfu’V] mUufr] voufr] HkkX;ksn; vkfn lEkLr ‚kqHkk‛kqHkksa dk

o.kZu bl ‚kkL= esa jgrk gSA gksjk xzUFkksa esa Qy&fu:i.k ds nks izdkj gSaA ,d esa

tkrd ds tUe&u{k= ij ls vkSj nwljs esa tUe&yXukfn }kn‛k Hkkoksa ij ls

foLrkjiwoZd fofHkUu n`f’Vdks.kksa ls QydFku

dh iz.kkyh crk;h x;h gSA gksjk‛kkL=

ij vusd Lora= jpuk,a gSaA le;≤ ij bl ‛kkL= esa vusd la‛kks/ku vkSj

ifjorZu gq, gSaA bl ‚kkL= ds ojkgfefgj] ukjpUnz] fl)lsu] <qf.<jkt] ds‛ko vkfn

iz/kku jpf;rk gSaA vkpk;Z ojkg us bl ‚kkL= esa ,d uohu leUo; dh iz.kkyh

pyk;h gSA ukjpUnz us xzg vkSj jkf‛k;ksa ds Lo:ikuqlkj Hkko vkSj n`f’V ds leUo; rFkk dkjd] ekjd vkfn xzgksa ds lEcU/kksa dh vis{kk ls Qy&izfriknu dh izfØ;k dk izpyu fd;k gSA Jhifr ,oa Jh/kj vkfn 9oha] 10oha vkSj 11oha ‚krh ds gksjk

‚kkL=dkjksa us xzgcy] xzgoxZ] foa‛kksrjh vkfn n‛kkvksa ds Qyksa dks bl ‚kkL= dh

ifjHkk’kk ds vUrxZr eku fy;k gSA

1-6-2 xf.kr ;k fl)kUr

bl izdkj gksjk‛kkL= dh ifjHkk’kk fujUrj fodflr gksrh vk jgh gSA blesa =qfV ls ysdj

dYi dky rd dh dkyx.kuk] lkSj] pkUnz eklksa dk izfriknu] xzgxfr;ksa dk fu:i.k]

O;Dr&vO;Dr xf.kr dk iz;kstu] fofo/k iz‛uksrj&fof/k] xzg] u{k= dh fLFkfr] ukuk

izdkj ds rqjh;] ufydk bR;kfn ;U=ksa dh fuekZ.k&fof/k] fnd~] ns‛k] dkyKku ds

vuU;re mi;ksxh vax] v{k{ks=&lEca/kh v{kT;k] yEcT;k] |qT;k] dqT;k] rn~/k`fr]

le‛kadq bR;kfn dk vku;u jgrk gSA izkphu dky esa bldh ifjHkk’kk dsoy fl)kUr

xf.kr ds :i esa ekuh tkrh FkhA vkfndky esa vadxf.kr }kjk gh vgxZ.k&eku lk/kdj xzgksa dk vku;u djuk bl ‚kkL= dk iz/kku izfrik| fo’k; FkkA iwoZe/;dky esa bldh

;g ifjHkk’kk T;ksa dh R;ksa vofLFkr jghA mRrj e/;dky esa blusa vusd igyqvksa ds iYyksa dks idM+k vkSj bl ;qx ds izkjEHk ls oklukRed gksrh gqbZ Hkh O;äxf.kr dks

viukrh jgh] blhfy, bl dky esa xf.kr ds fl)kUr] rU= vkSj dj.k ;s rhu Hksn izdV

gq,A ftlesa l`’V;kfn ls b’V fnu i;ZUr vgxZ.k cukdj xzg fl) fd;s tk;sa og

^fl)kUr*( ftlesa ;qxkfn ls b’V fnu i;ZUr vgxZ.k cukdj xzgxf.kr fd;k tk;s og

^rU=* vkSj ftlesa dfYir b’V o’kZ dk ;qx ekudj ml ;qx ds Hkhrj gh fdlh vHkh’V

fnu dk vgxZ.k ykdj xzgku;u fd;k tk;s mls ^dj.k* dgrs gSaA mRrj e/;dky ds

vUr esa xf.kr T;ksfr’k dh ifjHkk’kk foLr`r gksus dh vis{kk ladqfpr fn[kykbZ iM+rh gS( D;ksafd bl ;qx esa fdz;kRed xzgxf.kr dks NksM+ oklukRed ¼miifÙkfo’k;d½ xzgxf.kr

dk gh vkJ; T;ksfrf’k;ksa us ys fy;k] ftlls okLrfod xzgxf.kr dk fodkl dqN

#d&lk x;kA ;|fi dj.k xzaFkksa dh lkjf.k;ka rS;kj dh x;h Fkha] fdUrq vkxs

vkdk‛k&fujh{k.k vkSj O;äfØ;kRed xzgxf.kr ds vHkko esa lkjf.k;ksa esa la‛kks/ku u gks

ldsA bl izdkj xf.kr T;ksfr’k dh ifjHkk’kk dHkh ‚kS‛ko vkSj dHkh ;kSou ds lkFk

vB[ksfy;ka djrh jghA T;ksfr’k dh fl)kUr ‚kk[kk dks le>us ds fy, egkjktk lokbZ t;flag us t;iqj] fnYyh] mTtSu] okjk.klh vkSj eFkqjk esa os/k‛kkyk,a fufeZr djok;haA

1-6-3 lafgrk

blesa Hkw‛kks/ku] fnd~‛kks/ku] ‚kY;ks}kj] esykid] vk;k|ku;u] x`gksidj.k] bf’Vdk}kj]

xsgkjEHk] x`gizos‛k] tyk‛k;&fuekZ.k] ekaxfyd dk;ksZa ds eqgwrZ] mYdkikr] o`f’V] xzgksa ds mn;kLr dk Qy] xzgpkj dk Qy ,oa xzg.k&Qy vkfn vkfn ckrksa dk fu:i.k

foLrkjiwoZd fd;k tkrk gSA e/; ;qx esa lafgrk dh ifjHkk’kk gksjk] xf.kr vkSj ‚kdqu

ds fefJr :i esa ekuh x;h gSA 9oha vkSj 10oha ‚krkCnh esa fØ;kdk.M Hkh bldh

ifjHkk’kk ds vUrxZr vk x;k gSA lafgrk‛kkL= dk tUe vkfndky esa gqvk vkSj

bldh ifjHkk’kk dk {ks= mÙkjksÙkj c<+rk pyk x;kA dqN tSukpk;ksZa us thouksi;ksxh

vk;qosZn dh ppkZ,a Hkh lafgrk ds vUrxZr j[kh gSaA 12oha vkSj 13oha ‚krkCnh esa bl

‚kkL= dh ifjHkk’kk dk bruh fodflr gqbZ gS fd thou ls lEc) lHkh mi;ksxh ykSfdd fo’k; blds vUrxZr vk x;s gSaA

1-6-4 iz‛u ‛kkL= ;g rRdky Qy crykus okyk ‚kkL= gSA blesa iz‛udrkZ ds mPpkfjr v{kjksa ij ls

Qy dk izfriknu fd;k tkrk gSA bZloh lu~ dh 5oha vkSj 6Bh ‚krkCnh esa dsoy i`PNd ds mPpkfjr v{kjksa ij ls Qy crykuk gh iz‛u ‛kkL= ds vUrxZr Fkk( ysfdu vkxs tkdj bl ‚kkL= esa rhu fl)kUrksa dk izos‛k gqvk&1- iz‛uk{kj&fl)kUr

2- iz‛uyXu&fl)kUr 3- LojfoKku&fl)kUrA

fnxEcj tSuxzUFkksa dh vf/kdrj jpuk,a nf{k.k&Hkkjr esa gksus ds dkj.k izk;% lHkh iz‛uxzUFk iz‛uk{kj&fl)kUr dks ysdj fufeZr gq, gSaA vUos’k.k dju ij Li’V ekywe gksrk gS fd dsoyKkuiz‛upwM+kef.k] pUnzksaUehyu&iz‛u] vk;Kkufryd] vgZPpwM+kef.k]

vkfn xzaFkksa ds vk/kkj ij gh vk/kqfud dky esa dsjy iz‛u‛kkL= dh jpuk gqbZ gSA

ojkgfefgj ds iq= i`Fkq;Fkk ds le; ls iz‛uyXu okys fl)kUr dk izpkj Hkkjr esa

tksjk ls gqvk gSA 9oha] 10oha vkSj 11oha ‚krh esa bl fl)kUr dks fodflr gkus ds

fy, iw.kZ volj feyk gS] ftlls vusd Lora= jpuk,a Hkh bl fo’k; ij fy[kh x;h

gSaA bl ‚kkL= dh ifjHkk’kk esa mÙkje/;dky rd vusd la‛kks/ku vkSj ifjo)Zu gksrs

jgs gSaA p;kZ] ps’Vk] gko&Hkko vkfn ds }kjk euksxr Hkkoksa dk oSKkfud n`f’V ls

fo‛ys’k.k djuk Hkh bl ‚kkL= ds vUrxZr vk x;k gSA

1-6-5 ‚kdqu

bldk vU; uke fufeÙk‛kkL= Hkh feyrk gSA iwoZe/;dky rd blus i`Fkd~ LFkku izkIr ugha fd;k Fkk] fdUrq lafgrk ds vUrxZr gh bldk fo’k; vkrk FkkA bZloh lu~

dh 10oha] 11oha vkSj 12oha ‚kfr;ksa esa bl fo’k; ij Lora= fopkj gksus yx x;k Fkk] ftlls blus vyx ‚kkL= dk :i izkIr dj fy;kA fo- la- 1089 esa vkpk;Z nqxZnso us vfj’V fo’k; dks Hkh ‚kdqu‛kkL= esa feyk fn;k FkkA vkxs pydj bl ‚kkL= dh

ifjHkk’kk vkSj Hkh vf/kd fodflr gqbZ vkSj bldh fo’k;lhek esa izR;sd dk;Z ds iwoZ

esa gksus okys ‚kqHkk‛kqHkksa dk Kku izkIr djuk Hkh vk x;kA olUr&jkt‛kdqu]

vn~Hkqrlkxj&tSls ‚kdqu&xzaFkksa dk fuekZ.k blh ifjHkk’kk dks n`f’V esa j[kdj fd;k x;k izrhr gksrk gSA [14]

osnks esa izlaxkuqlkj T;ksfr’kfo’k;d ppkZ,a miyC/k gSa] LorU= v/;k; ;k izdj.k ds :i esa ugha] ijarq vkt ds fodflr ,oa fo‛kky T;ksfrfoZKku dk vkfncht osn esa gh

gSA dfri; mnkgj.k nz’VO; gSa&

^fp=kf.k lkda fnfo jkspukfu ljhl`ikf.k Hkqous tokfuA rqfeZ‛ka lqefrfePNekuks

vgkfu xhfHkZ% li;kZfe ukde~AA*

vFkkZr~ |qyksd&lkSjeaMy esa pedrs gq, fof‛k’V xq.k okys vusd u{k= gSa] tks lkFk

feydj vR;Ur rhoz xfr ls Vs<+s&es<s+ pyrs gSaA ln~cqf) dh bPNk djrk gqvk eSa

izfrfnu mudks iwtrk gwaW] ftlls eq>s lq[k dh izkfIr gksA bl izdkj bl eU= esa

u{k=ksa dks lq[k rFkk lqcqf) nsus esa leFkZ ekuk x;k gSA ;g lqefr euq’;ksa dks u{k=ksa

dh iwtk ls izkIr gksrh gSA ;g euq’;ksa ij u{k=ksa dk izHkko gqvk] ftlls

T;ksfr’k‛kkL= gh ekurk gSA

;kfu u{k=kf.k fnO;Urfj{ks vIlq HkwekS ;kfu uxs‛kq fn‛kqA izdYi;a‛pUnzek ;kU;sfr lokZf.k eeSrkfu f‛kokuh lUrqAA

vFkkZr~ ftu u{k=ksa dks pUnzek leFkZ djrk gqvk pyrk gS] os lc u{k= essjs fy, vkdk‛k esa] varfj{k esaa] i`Foh ij] ioZrks ij vkSj lc fn‛kkvksa esa lq[knk;h gksaA osnksa esa

bu u{k=ksa dh la[;k 28 crk;h x;h gSA buds uke vFkoZosn ds 19osa dk.M ds 7osa

lwDr esa eU= la[;k 2 ls 5 rd 4 eU=ksa esa fn;s x, gSaA vf‛ouh] Hkj.kh vkfn 28 uke ogh gSa] tks T;ksfr’k xzaFkksa esa gSaA blizdkj u{k=ksa ds uke rFkk dze esa lEiw.kZr%

lekurk gSA vr% fu’d’kZ esa ge dg ldrs gSa fd T;ksfr’k dk ewyk/kkj osn gh gSA

[15] v’Vkfoa‛kkfu f‛kokfu ‚kXekfu lg ;ksxa HktUrq esA ;ksxa iz i|s {ksea iz i|s {ksea

p i|s ;ksxa p ueksvgksjk=kH;keLrqAA vFkkZr~ 28 u{k= eq>s og lc iznku djsa] tks

dY;k.kdkjh vksj lq[knk;h gSaA eq>s izkfIr&lkEkF;Z vkSj j{kk&lkeF;Z iznku djsaA

nksuksa vgksjk= fnu&jkr dks ueLdkj gSA bl eU= esa ;ksx vkSj {kse dh izkfIr ds fy;s izkFkZuk gSA lk/kkj.kr;k tks oLrq feyh ugha gS] mldks izkIr djus dk uke

^;ksx* gS&^vuqiyC/kykHkks ;ksx%* vkSj tks oLrq fey xbZ gS] mldh j{kk djuk gh

^{kse* gS&^yC/kL; ifjikyua {kseA* vFkkZr~ u{k=ksa ls ;ksx {kse nsus dh izkFkZuk ls Li’V gS fd u{k= izlUu gksdj ;ksx{kse ns ldrs gSaA bl izdkj bl eU= dk Hkh T;ksfr’k ls lh/kk lEcU/k gSA bl eU= esa tks ^vgksjk=* in vk;k gS] mldk T;ksfr’k ds

gksjk‛kkL= es cgqr egRo gSA tSls&vgksjk=k|Uryksik)ksjsfr izksP;rs cq/kS%A rL; fg

Kkuek=s.k tkrddeZQya onsr~AA vFkkZr~ ^vgksjk=* in ds vkfn ^v* vkSj vfUre ^=*

o.kZ ds yksi ls gksjk ‚kCn curk gSA bl gksjk yXu& ds Kku ek= ls tkrd ds

‚kqHkk‛kqHk deZQy dguk pkfg;sA

ije KkufoKkufo‛kkjn Hkkjrh; _f’k&eqfu;ksa dk ;g ekuuk Fkk fd vkdk‛kh;

fi.Mksa dk izHkko lEiw.kZ czg~ek.M ij iM+rk gS vFkkZr~ vUrfj{k ls vkus okys

vUrxzZgh; nq’izHkko gekjs thou dks izHkkfor djrs gSaA vr,o mUgksaus ;g O;oLFkk nh

Fkh fd lw;Z ,oa pUnzxzg.k ds le; ckyd] o`) vkSj jksxh ls vfrfjDr O;fDr dks

dze‛k% 12 ,oa 9 ?akVs iwoZ Hkkstukfn dk ifjR;kx dj nsuk pkfg;sA dkj.k xzg.k ds le; [kku&iku djus ls ‚kjhj ij izfrdwy izHkko iM+rk gSA xzg.k ds volj ij

ifo= ufn;ksa vkfn esa Luku djus dh ijEijk gS] ftldk ladsr rÙoosrkvks us ^loZ

xaxklea rks;e~* vkfn dg dj fn;kA oSKkfudksa dk Hkh er gS fd izokfgr ty esa

izk.k&ÅtkZ dh izpqjrk gksrh gSA xzg.k ds le; ‚kjhj ij ok;qe.Myh; fo’kk.kqvksa dk

vkdze.k gksrk gSA unh es Luku djus ls mldh izk.k ÅtkZ fo’kk.kqvksa dks lekIr dj

nsrh gSA iwoZ esa dqN yksx xzg.kdkfyd Luku] gou] Hktu] nku ,oa iquLukZu&tSls

d`R;ksa dks egÙoghu crkdj migkl mM+krs Fks] ijarq fofHkUu oSKkfudksa ds lS)kfUrd fu’d’kZ ls bl ckr dh lEiqf’V gksrh gS fd ;s lHkh vk/;kfRed fdz;k,a oSKkfudrk

ls tqM+h gSa] tks ‚kkjhfjd lqj{kk ,oa mipkj dh l‛kDr ,oa l{ke ek/;e gSaA

blizdkj iwoksZDr lHkh rF;ksa dk Kku v/;kRe lEer T;ksfrfoZ|kds }kjk gh lEHko

gSA T;ksfrZfoKku ds lw{e v/;;u ,oa leqfpr iz;ksx ls nSoK dks ekuo thou ds fofHkUu {kS=ksa ds ckjs esa xgjh vUrn`f’V izkIr gks tkrh gSA

laLd`r&okaM~e; esa ekuoek= dh izR;{kkuqHkwfrdk ,dek= fufoZokn fo’k; T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= gh gSA bldk lEcU/k Hkkjrh; lEkLr ‚kkL=ksa ls gSA blesa lfUnX/krk ;k

vizR;{krk ugha gS] oju~ ;g ;qfDr;qDr ,oa izR;{k gSA pUn&lw;Z ds lq[kn lkfUu/; ls ,oa izR;{k Qy nsus ds dkj.k gh vU; ‚kkL=ksa ls vf/kd fo‛oluh; ekuk x;k

gS&

vizR;{kkf.k ‚kkL=kf.k fooknLrs’kq dsoye~A izR;{ka T;ksfr’ka ‚kkL=a pUnzkdkSZ ;= lkf{k.kkSA

;gh ,d ‚kkL= gS] ftlesa tUe ls ysdj ej.k rd lHkh ‚kqHkk‛kqHk dek ds eqgwrksaZ dk

vkSj xzgksa ds xkspj vkfn ds Qyksa dk rRns‛kkuqlkj fopkj fd;k x;k gSA ;|fi ;g

lkekU; fl)kUr gS fd izR;sd ekuo vius&vius {ks= ls lEcfU/kr i{k dk i{kikrh

gksrk gS] ijUrq ;K] ri] nku] ozrksiokl] iokZfn ldy deksZa dk ewy gksus ds dkj.k

vU; ‚kkL=ksa dh vis{kk T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= dk v/;;u vf/kd vko‛;d gSA

osn&osnkax&mifu’kn~&n‛kZu&iqjk.ks bfrgkl dk ,dek= mns‛; ;gh gS fd lHkh

ekuo ;K&ri&nku&ozrkfn dh lk/kuk }kjk bZ‛oj dh izkfIr djsaA vr% Li’V gS fd

le; ij fd;k gqvk deZ gh lQy gksrk gS] vdky esa fd;k gqvk deZ fu’Qy gksrs

gq, dqQy dks nsus okyk gksrk gSA dgk Hkh x;k gS&^le; ,o djksfr cykcye~A*

vr,o dkykRed T;ksfr’k‛kkL= dk ix&ix ij iz;kstu Li’Vr;k fl) gSA blds

Kku ds fcuk oSfnd rFkk ykSfdd dksbZ Hkh dk;Z fl) ugha gks ldrkA

1-7 T;ksfr’k ‚kCn dh O;qRifRr ,oa vFkZ &

ßT;ksfr"k* ‚kCn esa ^|qr~* ekSfyd /kkrq gSA ^|qr~ nhIrkS* |ksrus vFkZ esaA |qr~ /kkrq

Hokfnx.kh; vkReusinh o lsV~ gSA ftldk vFkZ gS & peduk] mtyk gksuk]

txexkuk] izdk‛k djuk] nSnhI;eku djuk] Li"V djuk] O;k[;k djuk] le>kuk]

vfHkO;Dr djuk] vFkZ izdV djuk] ltkuk] lqHkwf"kr djukA |qr~ /kkrq ls ^T;ksfr"k*

‚kCn fu"iknu djus ds fy, m.kkfn bflu~ ¼bl~½ izR;; dk fo/kku gqvk gSA loZizFke lw= ^d`&ok&ik&fn&fe&Lokfn* lk/;‛kwH; m.k~ esa m.k~ izR;; dk izFke iz;ksx gksus ls ;s izR;; m.kkfn dgykrs gSaA |qr /kkrq ls dÙkkZ vFkZ esa bflu~ ¼bl~½ izR;; d`r~ ¼m.kkfn½ izR;; gqvkA |qr~ /kkrq ds vkfn o.kZ ;dkj dks tdkj vkns‛k gksrk gS rFkk mi/kk ds Loj dks xq.k gksrk gSA mxUr vax vkSj y?kwi/k vax ds vo;o bd dks xq.k gksrk gS lkoZ/kkrqd vk/kZ/kkrqd izR;; ijs jgrsA bl izdkj T;ksfrl~ ‚kCn uiqald fyax es iz;qDr gksrk gSA ;g laKk o fo‛ys"k.k nksuksa fo/kk esa iz;qDr gksrk gSA

T;ksfrl~ ls T;kfr"k~ O;qRiUu gksus ds fy, vfUre ^ldkj* dks ^"kdkj* gqvkA T;ksfr"k~

ls vR;Ur LokfFkZd vFkZ esa vp~ ¼v½ izR;; yxdj T;ksfr"k ‚kCn fu"iUu gqvkA vp~

izR;; yxus ls ;g T;ksfr"k ‚kCn iqfyax esa iz;qDr gksrk gSAÞ [16]

T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= dh O;qRifRr ^T;ksfr’kka lw;kZfnxzgk.kka cks/kda ‚kkL=e~* dh x;h gS]

vFkkZr~ lw;kZfn xzg vkSj dky dk cks/k djkus okys ‚kkL= dks ^T;ksfr"k ‚kkL=* dgk

tkrk gSA blesa iz/kkur% xzg] u{k=] /kwedsrq vkfn T;ksfr%inkFkksaZ dk Lo:i] lapkj]

ifjHkze.kdky] xzg.k vkSj fLFkfr izHk`fr leLr ?kVukvksa dk fu:i.k ,oa xzg] u{k=ksa

dh xfr] fLFkfr vkSj lapkjkuqlkj ‚kqHkk‛kqHk Qyksa dk dFku fd;k tkrk gSA dqN

euhf’k;ksa dk vfHker gS fd uHkkse.My esa fLFkr T;ksfr lEcU/kh fofo/kfo’k;d fo|k

dks T;ksfrfoZ|k dgrs gSa] frl ‚kkL= esa bl fo|k dk lkaxksikax o.kZu jgrk gS] og

T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= gSA bl y{k.k vkSj igys okys T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= ds O;qRiR;FkZ esa dsoy

bruk gh vUrj gS fd igys esa xf.kr vkSj Qfyr nksuksa izdkj ds foKkuksa dk

leUo; fd;k x;k gS] ij nwljs esa [kxksy Kku ij gh n`f’Vdks.k j[kk x;k gSA

fo}kuksa dk dFku gS fd bl ‚kkL= dk izknqHkkZo dc gqvk] ;g vHkh vfuf‛pr gSA

gka] bldk fodkl] blds ‚kkL=h; fu;eksa esa la‛kks/ku vkSj ifjo)Zu izkphu dky ls

vkt rd fujUrj gksrs pys vk;s gSaA [17] Hkkjrh; T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= ds fuekZrkvksa ds

O;kogkfjd ,oa ikjekfFkZd ;s nks y{; jgs gSaA izFke n`f’V ls bl ‚kkL= dk jgL; x.kuk djuk rFkk fnd~] ns‛k ,oa dky ds lEcU/k esa ekuo lekt dks ifjKku

djkuk dgk tk ldrk gSA izkd`frd i)kFkksZa ds v.kq&v.kq dk ifj‛khyu ,oa fo‛ys’k.k djuk Hkh bl ‚kkL= dk y{; gSA lkalkfjd leLr O;kikj fnd~] ns‛k vkSj

dky bu rhu ds lEcU/k ls gh ifjpkfyr gSa] bu rhu ds Kku ds fcuk O;kogkfjd thou dh dksbZ Hkh fdz;k lE;d~ izdkj lEikfnr ugha dh tk ldrh gSA vr,o

lqpk# :i ls nSufUnu dk;ksZa dk lapkyu djuk T;ksfr’k dk O;kogkfjd mn~ns‛; gSA bl ‚kkL= esa dky&le; dks iq#’k&czg~e ekuk gS vkSj xzgksa dh fLFkfr o‛k bl

iq#’k ds mRre] e/;e] mnklhu ,oa v/ke ;s pkj vax foHkkx fd;s gSaA f=xq.kkRed

izd`fr ds }kjk fufeZr leLr txr~ lRro] jt vkSj rekse; gSA ftu xzgksa esa

lRroxq.k vf/kd jgrk gS mudh fdj.ksa ve`re;] ftuesa jtksxq.k vf/kd jgrk gS

mudh vHk;xq.k fefJr fdj.ksa] ftuesa reksxq.k vf/kd jgrk gS mudh fo’ke; fdj.ksa

,oa ftuesa rhuksa xq.kksa dh vYirk jgrh gS mudh xq.kghu fdj.ksa ekuh x;h gaSA xzgksa

ds ‚kqHkk‛kqHkRo dk foHkktu Hkh bu fdj.kksa ds xq.kksa ls gh gqvk gSA vkdk‛k esa

izfr{k.k ve`r jf‛e lkSE; xzg viuh xfr ls tgka&tgka tkrs gSa] mudh fdj.ksa

HkweaMy ds mu&mu izns‛kksa ij iM+dj ogka ds fuokfl;ksa ds LokLF;] cqf) ij viuk

lkSE; izHkko Mkyrh gSaA fo’ke; fdj.kksa okys dzwj&xzg viuh xfr ls tgka xeu

djrs gSa] ogka os vius nq’izHkko ls ogka ds fuokfl;ksa ds LokLF; vkSj cqf) ij viuk

cqjk izHkko Mkyrs gSaA fefJr jf‛e xzgksa ds izHkko fefJr ,oa xq.kghu jf‛e;ksa ds xzgksa

ds izHkko vfdafpRdj gksrk gSA Hkkjrh; T;kfrZfonksa dk vfHker gS fd ekuo ftl

u{k=&xzg okrkoj.k ds rÙo&izHkko fo‛ks’k esa mRiUu ,oa iksf’kr gksrk gS] mlesa mlh

rÙo dh fo‛ks’krk jgrh gSA xzgksa dh fLFkfr dh foy{k.krk ds dkj.k vU; rÙoksa dk

U;wukf/kd izHkko gksrk gSA ns‛kd`r xzgksa dk laLdkj bl ckr dk |ksrd gS fd LFkku

fo‛ks’k ds okrkoj.k esa mRiUu ,oa iq’V gksus okyk izk.kh ml LFkku ij iM+us okyh

xzg&jf‛e;ksa dks viuh futh fo‛ks’krk ds dkj.k vU; LFkku ij mlh {k.k tUes

O;fDr dh vis{kk fHkUu LoHkko] fHkUu vkd`fr ,oa foy{k.k ‚kjhjko;o okyk gksrk gSA

xzg&jf‛e;ksa dk izHkko dsoy ekuo ij gh ugha] cfYd oU;] LFkyt ,oa mfn~HkTt

vkfn ij Hkh iM+rk gSA T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= esa eqgwrZ&le;&fo/kku dh tks eeZ&iz/kku

O;oLFkk gS] mldk jgL; bruk gh gS fd xxuxkeh xzg&u{k=ksa dh ve`r] fo’k ,oa vU; mHk; xq.kokyh jf‛e;ksa dk izHkko lnk ,d lk ugha jgrkA xfr dh foy{k.krk ds dkj.k fdlh le; esa ,sls u{k= ;k xzgksa dk okrkoj.k jgrk gS] tks vius xq.k vkSj rRoksa dh fo‛ks’krk ds dkj.k fdlh fo‛ks’k dk;Z dh flf) ds fy, gh mi;qDr gks ldrs gSaA vr,o fofHkUu dk;ksaZ ds fy, eqgwrZ‛kks/ku] vU/kJ)k ;k fo‛okl dh pht ugha gS] fdUrq foKkulEer jgL;iw.kZ gSA vr,o T;ksfr’k dk iz/kku mi;ksx ;gh gS fd xzgksa ds LoHkko vkSj xq.kksa ds }kjk vUo;] O;frjsd :i dk;Zdkj.k tU; vuqeku ls vius Hkkoh lq[k&nq[k izd`fr dks igys ls voxr dj vius dk;ksaZ esa

ltx jguk pkfg,] ftlls vkxkeh nq[k dks lq[k:i esa ifj.kr fd;k tk ldsA

;fn xzgksa dk Qy vfuok;Z :i ls Hkksxuk gh iM+s] iq#’kkFkZ dks O;FkZ ekusa rks fQj

bl thou dks dHkh eqfDrykHk dHkh gks gh ugha ldsxkA vr,o ;g fuf‛pr gS fd

;g ‚kkL= dsoy vkxkeh ‚kqHkk‛kqHkksa dh lwpuk nsus okyk gS] D;ksafd xzgksa dh xfr ds

dkj.k mudh fo’k ,oa ve`r jf‛e;ksa dh lwpuk fey tkrh gSA bl lwpuk dk ;fn

lnqi;ksx fd;k tk;s rks fQj xzgksa ds Qyksa dk ifjorZu djuk dSls vlEHko ekuk

tk ldsxk \ blfy, ;g /kqzo lR; gS fd T;ksfr’k lwpd ‚kkL= gS] fo/kk;d ughaA

ykSfdd n`f’V ls bl ‚kkL= dk lcls cM+k ;gh jgL; gSA T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= esa iz/kku

xzg lw;Z vkSj pUnz ekus x;s gSaA lw;Z dks iq#’k vkSj pUnzek dks L=h vFkkZr~ iq#’k vkSj

izd`fr ds :i esa bu nksuksa xzgksa dks ekuk gSA ikap rRo :i HkkSe] cq/k] xq#] ‚kqdz ,oa

‚kfu crk;s x;s gSaA bu izd`fr] iq#’k vkSj rRoksa ds lEcU/k ls gh lkjk T;ksfr‛pdz

Hkze.k djrk gSA vr,o la{ksi esa gh dgk tk ldrk gS fd ikfjHkkf’kd n`f’V ls

Hkkjrh; T;ksfr’k ‛kkL= v/;kRe ‛kkL= gSA bl ‚kkL= dh lcls cM+h mi;ksfxrk ;gh

gS fd ;g leLr ekuo&thou ds izR;sd vkSj ijks{k jgL;ksa dk foospu djrk gS

vkSj izrhdksa }kjk leLr thou dks izR;{k :i esa ml izdkj izdV djrk gS ftl

izdkj nhid vU/kdkj esa j[kh gqbZ oLrq dks fn[kykrk gSA ekuo dk O;kogkfjd dksbZ

Hkh dk;Z bl ‚kkL= ds Kku fcuk ugha py ldrk gSA [18]

v/;k; 2

2- fookg

2-1 izLrkouk &

lk/kkj.kr;k fgUnw ykSfdd thou dh vis{kk ikjykSfdd thou dks vf/kd egRo

iznku djrs gSaA os i`Foh ds rkRdkfyd lkekU; thou dks mis{kk dh n`f’V ls ns[krs

gSaA ;g lR; gS fd thou dk mn~ns”; tUe vkSj e`R;q ds pdz ls eqfDr izkIr djuk

gS ,oa ije czg~e ijekRek esa&ftldk lw{e izR;{k Lo:i O;fDr gS&foy; djuk

ekuk x;k gS] rFkkfi ;g leku :i ls lR; gS fd fgUnw nk”kZfud txr dh

okLrfodrk vkSj fdz;kRed thou dh vfuok;Zrk dks Li’Vr;k Lohdkj djrs gSaA

bl i`Foh ij nh?kkZ;q izkIr djus dh dkeuk dh tkrh jgh gS ,oa ekuo&eu ds fy, deZ&fu’B thou dk vuqlj.k izkd`frd crk;k x;k gSA ;g blfy, gS fd _f’k

vk/;kfRed LorU=rk ,oa lkalkfjd lq[k Hkksx dks fojks/kh Lohdkj ugha djrsA ;s nksuksa ijLij thou dks lEiw.kZ ,oa le`) cukrs gSaA

_Xosn dky ls gh ^^”krs those** vFkkZr~ lkS o’kZ thou dh dkeuk dh tkrh jgh gSA czkg~e.k&dky esa ikjykSfdd vejRo dks thou dk lkj /;s; ekuk x;k gS] rFkkfi ekuo thou dk mn~ns”; vuUr thou tSlh vejrk gh izkIr djuk ugha gS] vfirq “kro’khZ;&iw.kkZ;q izkIr djuk Hkh gSA nh/kZ thou dh dkeuk eqfDr izkIr djus dh Hkkouk ls vlEc) ugh gS vkSj Hkkjrh; eqfu;ksa us vius iq#’kkFkZ ds fl)kUr esa bu nksuksa esa lkeatL; LFkkfir fd;k gSA bl fl)kUr ds vuqlkj thou ds pkj eq[; mn~ns”; gSa& /keZ] vFkZ] dke vkSj eks{kA ^^eks{k** ekuo thou ds pje mn~ns”; ,oa ekuo dh vkUrfjd vk/;kfRed vuqHkwfr dk izrhd gSA ^^vFkZ**&ekuo ds izkIr djus ds lgt&LoHkko dks vksj ladsr djrk gS rFkk mldh /ku ds laxzg miHkksx o vU; rRlEcU/kh izo`fÙk;ksa dks crykrk gSA ^^deZ** ekuo ds lgt LoHkko vkSj Hkkoqd thou

dks O;Dr djrk gS] rFkk mldh dke&Hkkouk vkSj lkSUn;Z&fiz;rk dh o`fÙk dh rqf’V

dh vksj fufnZ’V djrk gSA ;s nksuksa bl lalkj esa mlds ,sfgd yxko] dk;Z&dyki ,oa thou dh lQyrk dk izfrfuf/kRo djrs gSaA ^^/keZ**&ekuo dh ik”kfod ,oa

nSoh; izd`fr ds chp dh J`a[kyk gSA bl izdkj ;s pkj eq[; mn~ns”; ekuo dh

vk/;kfRedrk dh vuqHkwfr ds gsrq fd;s x, iz;Ruksa ds chp leUo; LFkkfir djrs

gSaA thou dk vfUre y{; ^^eks{k** ekuk x;k gSA bldk vk”k; ;g gS fd ekuo dh

“kk”or izd`fr vk/;kfRed gS vkSj thou dk mn~ns”; bldks izdkf”kr djuk rFkk

blds }kjk vkuUn vkSj Kku izkIr djuk gSA

fgUnw eqfu;ksa us bls izdkf”kr djus dk okLrfod ekxZ crkus dk iz;Ru fd;k gSA os bl rF; ls iw.kZr;k fHkK Fks fd ekuoh; izd`fr ds fHkUu&fHkUu

Lo:i&lgt&LokHkkfod ,oa ckSf)d] vkfFkZd ,oa vk/;kfRed] HkkokRed ,oa lkSUn;kZRed gSaA ;s fHkUu&fHkUu ekuoh; izo`fÙk;ksa fojks/kh vkSj vlaxr izrhr gksrh gSaA

ijUrq ;s lc ,d euq’; ds lPps ekuo gksus ds fy, HkkokfHkO;fDr pkgrh gSaA ^^deZ**

dh ewy izo`fr dh rqf’V ds gsrq fookg] /keZ ,oa lUrkuksRifÙk dks ,d mn~ns”; ds

:i esa Lohdkj fd;k gSA ijUrq bu mn~ns”;ksa ds dze esa ^^dke** dk LFkku lcls

vfUre gS vkSj ;fn buesa ls fdlh dk Hkh R;kx fd;k tk;s rks ^^dke** dk loZizFke

ifjR;kx fd;k tk,xkA ^;kSu&Hkkouk* lUrkuksRifÙk esa fufgr gS vkSj blfy, ;g fookg dk fuEure dksfV dk mn~ns”; gSA fookg ds fofHkUu mn~ns”;ksa ds deZ dh

LFkkiuk esa] Hkkjrh; fopkjdksa us] ekuo&thou esa ^;kSu&Hkkouk* dks Hkh LFkku fn;k gSA ijUrq ^^deZ** dk rkRi;Z ewy&izo`R;kRed thou ls gh ugha gSA bu /kkfeZd fopkj/kkjkvksa ls vksrizksr O;fDr thou ds f}rh; vkJe&^^x`gLFk** esa inkiZ.k djrk

gSA tks fd O;fDr dk fookfgr thou dgykrk gSA fgUnw eqfu;ksa ds vuqlkj fookg ds mn~ns”; /keZ] lUrfr vkSj ;kSu dke gSA O;fDrxr lUrqf’V Hkh fookg ds mn~ns”;ksa esa ls ,d gSA ijUrq bls tks vfUre LFkku fn;k x;k gS og Li’V bl ckr dh vksj

ladsr djrk gS fd ;g thou dk ekxZ&izn”kZd ugha gksuk pkfg,A

fookg ,d lkekftd dÙkZO; Hkh gS&bldk ewy mn~ns”; /keZ ikyu] ikfjokfjd

fLFkjrk ,oa lUrkuksRifÙk }kjk lewg dks lrr :i esa cuk, j[kuk gSA /kekZuqlkj

fookfgr O;fDr dks fookg ds le; iapkfXu ;K lEiUu djuk iM+rk gSA euqLe`fr ds vuqlkj ;s ;K czg~e dks osn&eU=ksaPpkj.k ls] firjksa dks riZ.k ;k Jk) }kjk]

nsorkvksa dks vfXu vkgqfr }kjk] Hkwrksa dks cfy }kjk vkSj euq’;ksa dks vkfrF; lRdkj }kjk izlUu fd;k tkrk gSA rhu _.kksa ds fl)kUr esa bu iap egk;Kksa esa ls izFke

rhu fufgr gSaA vfrfFk lRdkj Hkh ,d lkekftd ifo= d`R; gS] D;ksafd firk] ekrk ,oa xq: ds lkFk ,d mifu’kn~ esa vfrfFk Hkh bZ”oj rqY; Lohdkj fd;k x;k gSA

ijUrq tcfd mifu’kn~ esa bls uSfrd dÙkZO; dh laKk nh xbZ gS] euq bls ;K dh laKk nsdj lkekftd fu;e dh ifjlhek esa ykrs gSaA euq’; vkSj tho dks HkksT; lkexzh iznku djus ds vfrfjDr x`gLFk ls czkg~e.kksa dks HksaV] fo/kkfFkZ;ksa dks v/;;u

“kqYd] nhuksa dks nku] jksfx;ksa dks vkS’kf/k rFkk xjhcksa dks fHk{kk nsus dh vis{kk dh

tkrh FkhA mlls vfrfFk uo fookfgr] cky] #X.k O;fDr rFkk xHkZorh L=h dks Hkh

Hkkstu nsus dh okaNk dh tkrh gSA pwafd vU; rhu vkJeksa ds O;fDr x`gLFk }kjk iquhr Kku ,oa mÙke Hkkstu izkIr djrs gSa] vr% ^^x`gLFkkJe** dks loksZÙke vkJe ekuk x;k gSA [19]

2-2 x`gLFk vkJe dk bfrgkl & osn&osnkax gekjs Kku&foKku ds xgu flU/kq gSa ftlesa ekuoh; thou ds cgqeq[kh fodkl ds fy, mi;ksxh ,oa mRre vknZ”k&jRu lqjf{kr gSaA bUgha vkn”kksZsa esa lfEefyr gS] vkJe&prq"V;] o.kZ&prq"V;] "kksM”k&laLdkjA Hkkjrh; laLd`fr euq"; dks thou dh jkg fn[kkrh gS D;kasfd ekuo thou vewY; gS vkSj bldk ,d mn~ns”; gSA euq"; dk lQy thou ogh gS tks iq:"kkFkZ&prq"V; dh vkSj vxzlj gSA Hkkjrh; thou ij osn&osnkax vkSj n”kZu dk xgjk izHkko gSA Hkkjro"kZ ds

_XoSfnd lekt esa vkJe&prq"V; dk fl)kUr iwjh rjg ls izfrf"Br gks pqdk FkkA

Hkkjrh; laLd`fr esa x`gLFkkJe viuh cgqeq[kh mi;ksfxrk&egŸkk ds fy, fpj

iz”kaflr gSA bldh iz”kalk dk mYys[k euqLe`fr esa bl izdkj feyrk gS&

^^;Fkk ok;qa lekfJR; losZ thofUr tUro%A rFkk x`gLFkekfJR; orZUrs brjkJek%AA

;Lekr~ =;ksvI;kJfe.kks KkusukUusu pkUoge~A x`gLFksuSo /kk;ZUrs rLekTT;s"BkJeks

x`ghA llU/kk;Z% iz;Rusu LoxZe{k;dePNrkA lq[ka psgsPNrk fuR;a ;ksv/kk;ksZ

nqcZysfUnz;%AA**

vFkkZr~ ftl izdkj leLr tUrq vius thou ds fy, ok;q ij vkfJr gSa mlh izdkj

lHkh vkJe x`gLFkkJe ij vk/kkfjr gSa D;ksafd x`gLFk vkJe Kku rFkk vUu ls vU; rhuksa vkJeksa dh lgk;rk djrk gS] vr% x`gLFk vkJe rhuksa vkJeksa dh vis{kk

T;s"B&Js"B gSA LoxZ rFkk bgyksd esa lq[kkfHkyk"kh O;fDr dks x`gLFkkJe dk ikyu

djuk pkfg,A nqcZysfUnz; O;fDr bldks /kkj.k ugha dj ldrkA Li"V gS fd ifj.k;

lkekftd lfdz;rkvksa dk dsUnzh; LFky gSA vkt Hkh x`gLFkkJe dh vk/kkjf”kyk

fookg laLdkj ij vk/kkfjr gS] D;ksafd blh laLdkj ds volj ij oj&o/kw vius

uohu thou ds egku mÙkjnkf;Ro dks fuHkkus dh izfrKk djrs gSaA ;g gh ,d ,slk

laLdkj gS ftlds }kjk euq’; iq#’kkFkZ prq’V; vFkkZr~ /keZ] vFkZ] dke vkSj eks{k dks

izkIr dj ldrk gSA fookg ds ckn gh iq#’k iw.kZ iq#’k dgykrk gS vkSj fookgksijkUr

ekrk cuus ds ckn L=h iw.kZ L=h dgykrh gSA

ßfgUnw thou&n`f"V ds vuqlkj fookg ekuo dk lokZf/kd egÙoiw.kZ laLdkj gSA

bldk iz;kstu lUrkuksRifÙk ds ek/;e ls fir`&_.k dks pqdkuk gSA x`gLFkkJe ;fn

vU; vkJeksa dh /kqjh gS rks Hkk;kZ x`gLFk&thou dh /kqjh gSA lw=ksa esa lxks=] leku

izoj rFkk lfi.M fookgksa dk fu"ks/k gSA lfi.M dk vfHkizk; gS ,d gh fir`dqy ls

lEc) L=h&iq#"kksa dk fookg] tks R;kT; gSA lw=ksa esa vuqykse fookg dk leFkZu

vUrtkZrh; fookg ds lEcU/k esa fd;k x;k gSA fookg ls iwoZ oj&o/kq ds xq.kksa dh

ijh{kk dk funsZ”k gSAÞ [20]

2-3 fookg% vFkZ] ifjHkk’kk ,oa Lo:i &

ßfookg dk vFkZ gS fo”sk"k :Ik ls ogu djuk vFkkZr~ oj&o/kq vius thou esa vkus okys mrkj&p<+ko] dfBukb;ksa vkSj lq[k&nq%[k dk lkeuk fdl izdkj ls djsa] ;s

lHkh dk;Z O;fDr fookg ds mijkUr esy&tksy dh Hkkouk ls vksr&izksr gksdj djrk

gSA fookg ,d lkekftd O;oLFkk gS ftls vki lkekftd lafo/kku Hkh dg ldrs

gSsaA fookg ds fcuk ekuo taxyh ekuo dh rjg HkVdrk] og ifjokj rFkk lekt ls vufHkK gksrkA og viuk&ijk;k] HkkbZ&cgu] ekrk&firk vkfn lEcU/kksa ls Hkh fHkK ugha gksrkA ,d izdkj ls ekuo vkSj Ik”kq esa dksbZ vUrj ugha gksrkA fookg ,d ,slh

izfØ;k gS ftlds fo"k; esa Lo;a l`f"VdÙkkZ czãk th us vius ekul iq= euq egkjkt dks ekuo tkfr dh O;oLFkk dks dSls lqpk# :Ik ls O;ofLFkr cuk;k tk;s] bl fo"k; dk Kku fn;kA bl fy, fookg dh egÙkk ij euq us fo”sk"k cy fn;kAÞ [21]

fookg “kCn dk “kkfCnd vFkZ gS] ^fo* milxZ iwoZd ^og* /kkrq vFkkr~Z ^og* /kkrq okgu

ds vFkZ esa iz;qDr gksrh gSA vFkkr ~fo”ks"k :Ik ls ogu djus okykA [22] ßfo

milxZ&iwoZd ^og* /kkrq ls Hkko esa ^?k¥* izR;; djus ij fookg “kCn dh fu"ifÙk gqbZ gSA fookg dk vFkZ gS ^fof”k"V ogu*A vU; vlekuxksf=;k dU;k dks laLdkj iwoZd ?kj ykuk gh fof”k"V ogu gSA izfrxzg nku ds fcuk ugha cu ldrkA vr,o

dU;k ds firk }kjk dU;knku djus ij mldks izfrxzgiwoZd vkReh; cuk dj

ikf.kxzg.k gkse vkfn laLdkjksa ls laLd`r dj oj }kjk vius ?kj ykuk ^fookg* gSAÞ

[23] ^”kriFk* czkã.k ds vuqlkj fcuk ^fookg&laLdkj* ds ekuo ^v/ksZUnz* vFkkZr~ viw.kZ gSA iw.kZ iq#"k iztkifr ds lkFk lk;qT; izkfIr djus ds fy, bldh ^v/kZsUnzrk* dh ^iw.ksZUnzrk* esa ifj.kfr vko”;d gSA v/ksZUnz iq#"k dh og iw.kZrk ,d iRuh ds la;ksx

ij gh fuHkZj gSA ;gh iRuh mlds v/kkZa”k dks iw.kZ djrh gS( bls iw.kZ iq#"k ds

led{k cukrh gSA bu lc izd`fr fl) dkj.kksa ls gh bl laLdkj dks vko”;dre

ekuk gSAÞ [24] izks- dk.ks ds vuqlkj ^^fookg ,d laLdkj gS tks lUrku ijEijk dks

v{kq..k j[kus rFkk vkRe la;e] vkReksRlxZ ,oa ikjLifjd lg;ksx ds }kjk thou esa

vH;qn; izkfIr gsrq L=h&iq#"k feFkqu dks ,d lw= esa cka/krk gSA** [25]

ßfgUnw thou&n`f"V ds vuqlkj fookg ekuo dk lokZf/kd egÙoiw.kZ laLdkj gSA

bldk iz;kstu lUrkuksRifÙk ds ek/;e ls fir`&_.k dks pqdkuk gSA x`gLFkkJe ;fn

vU; vkJeksa dh /kqjh gS rks Hkk;kZ x`gLFk&thou dh /kqjh gSA lw=ksa esa lxks=] leku

izoj rFkk lfi.M fookgksa dk fu"ks/k gSA lfi.M dk vfHkizk; gS ,d gh fir`dqy ls

lEc) L=h&iq#"kksa dk fookg] tks R;kT; gSA lw=ksa esa vuqykse fookg dk leFkZu

vUrtkZrh; fookg ds lEcU/k esa fd;k x;k gSA fookg ls iwoZ oj&o/kq ds xq.kksa dh

ijh{kk dk funsZ”k gSAÞ [26]

uo o/kq ls Hkh vk”kk dh tkrh Fkh fd og dY;k.k djus okyh] rkjus okyh] lq[k nsus okyh] lsok djus okyh] “kkfUrnk;uh rFkk lq[knk;uh gksA ;Fkk %&

ßlqe³~xyh izrj.khx`gk.kka lq”ksok iR;s “o”kqjk; “ka Hkw%A L;ksuk “oJoS iz x`gku~

fo”kseku~AA [27] Hkkjr esa _XoSfnd lekt esa fookg&laLFkk iw.kZr;k izfrf"Br gks pqdh

FkhA dqN fo}ku~ _f"k míkyd ds iq= “osrdsrq dks bldk izorZd vkSj ewy

vfHkdYid ekurs gSaA fdUrq Lo;a “osrdsrq us vius fopkj Jqfr ls izekf.krfd, FksA vr% bls lgt ekuoh; foosd dk iz”kLr ifj.kke ekuk tkuk lehphu gSA vkt

;g laLFkk fo”o ds lHkh ekuo leqnk;ksa esa laLdkjxr fHkUurk ds lkFk izpfyr gSA

Hkkjro’kZ esa euq&”kr:ik vkfn ekuo nEifr Lohdkjs tkrs gSaAÞ [28] ;Fkk%&^L=h.kka rq

“kr:ik·ga iqalka Lok;EHkqoks euqAÞ [29] ¼Hkkx- 11-16-25½ß fnO; ifjos”k ls izknqHkwZr rFkk

nSoh “kfDr;ksa }kjk iksf"kr izof)Zr fookg laLFkk ekuoh; l`f"V esa vkfn dky ls izpfyr gSA izkphu dky esa bls lkekftd laLFkk dh vis{kk /kkfeZd laLFkk ds :Ik esa

vf/kd ekU;rk izkIr FkhA blhfy, bl laLFkk dks vkt Hkh /kkfeZd dÙkZO; vkSj

laLdkj laf”y"V izfØ;k ds :Ik esa izLrqr fd;k tkrk gSA ,d vuqcU/k ds :Ik esa

ughaAÞ [30]

mijksDr fookg ds lHkh mnn~s”;ksa dks ifjiw.kZ djus ds fy, nkEiR; thou dk

lq[kn] lQy o l”kDr gksuk vfuok;Z gSA bl fy;s fookg ls iwoZ oj o dU;k ds

xq.k o nks’kksa dks tkuus ds fy, Hkkjro’kZ esa dq.Myh feyku fd;k tkrk gS rFkk

T;ksfr’k dh lgk;rk yh tkrh gSA

v/;k; 3

lEcfU/kr lkfgR; dk losZ{k.k

3-1 izLrkouk

fookg pwafd thou dk vfr egRoiw.kZ igyw gSA vr% ekrk&firk vius iq= ,oa iq=h

dk fookg cgqr lksp&le> dj rFkk lko/kkuh ls r; djuk pkgrs gS rkfd lEcU/k fpjLFkk;h gks nkEiR; thou esa lq[k] ‚kkfUr] lkSgknZ rFkk le`f) dk ekxZ iz‛kLr gksA

mijksDr ckrksa dh iqf’V ds fy, tkrd&tkfrdk ds ekrk&firk tgka oj ds fy, dU;k rFkk dU;k ds fy, oj ds xq.k&nks’kksa dk foLr`r fopkj djus ds lkFk&lkFk

muds LokLF;] O;fDrRo] ifjokj dh i`’BHkwfe] ifjokj ds laLdkj oj&dU;k dh f‛k{kk muds vkfFkZd fLFkfr dk fooj.k tkuuk pkgrs gSaA ogka vn`’; Hk; o ‚kadk ds fy, os fdlh T;ksfr’kh vFkok iafMr dh lykg ysrs gSa tks oj rFkk dU;k ds

tUekaxksa dh tkap ukuk izdkj ls djrs gSaaA v’VdwV feyku ds lkFk&lkFk ,d vkSj

egRoiw.kZ fopkj fd;k tkrk gS og gS ^eaxy nks’k* ;k ^dqt nks’k*A T;ksfr’k dh

ekU;rkuqlkj ^dqt nks’k* ;fn tUekax esa fo|eku gS rks og oSokfgd&thou esa ukuk

izdkj ds nks’k rFkk d’V mRiUu dj ladV mifLFkr dj nsrk gSA

tkrd&‛kkL=kdkjksa ds erkuqlkj lIre Hkko nkEiR; thou ls lEc) gSA nkEiR; thou dh lEiUurk ,oa foiUurk dk fu.kZ; bl Hkko ij ‚kqHk ,oa dzwj xzgksa dh

n`f’V&;qfr vkfn ls fd;k tkrk gSA dqN tkrd&‛kkL=kdkjksa dk er gS fd v’Ve Hkko dk Hkh nkEiR; thou ls lEc) gksrk gS] bl Hkko ij ‚kqHk o dwzj xzgksa dh

n`f’V&;qfr Hkh tkrd ds fookfgr thou dks lq[ke; ;k nq%[ke; cukrh gSA blh fl)kUr dks /;ku esa j[kdj] izFke] prqFkZ rFkk }kn‛k Hkko esa fLFkr eaxy lIre

Hkko dks ns[krk gS ftlls lIre Hkko fucZy gks tkrk gS rFkk lIre o v’Ve Hkko esa

mldh lk{kkr fLFkfr Hkh nkEiR; thou dks nwf’kr djrh gSA [31]

3-2 Hkkoxr HkkSeQy &

^c`gTtkrddkj* us iq= vkSj dy= Hkko dk fopkj djus ds fy, yXu ls iape o

lIre Hkko ds lkFk&lkFk pUnzek ls Hkh iape o lIre Hkko ij fopkj djus dk

leFkZu fd;k gSA vr% pUnzek l Hkh eaxy dh fLFkfr izFke] prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve o

}kn‛k Hkko esa nkEiR; thou dks vfu’Vdkjh cukrh gSA [32]

L=h dq.Myh esa yXu ls v’Ve Hkkoxr eaxy xzg ls oS/kO; ;ksx gksrk gS rFkk L=h

dh tUedq.Myh esa eaxy f}rh; Hkkoxr gks rks L=h ifr dh thforoLFkk esa e`R;q dks

izkIr djrh gSA [33]

lqxe T;ksfr’k jpukdkj nsonRr tks‛kh us izFke] f}rh;] prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve o

}kn‛k Hkko esa eaxy dh fLFkfr dks bl izdkj cryk;k gS fd &

& ;fn yXu esa eaxy gks rks L=h ¼dy=½ dks :f/kj fodkj ls nq%[k gksrk gS og

izHkkoghu] ifr ls frjLd`r nwHkkZX; okyh rFkk vfHkeku ;qDr gksrh gSaA

& /ku Hkko esa eaxy gks rks L=h ‚khy jfgr /kughu] nh?kkZ;q] enuk{kqj jksfx.kh rFkk

ds‛kghu gksrh gSA

& prqFkZ Hkko esa eaxy gks rks L=h grk‛k deZghu] lq[k jfgr] ifrghu] yksxksa ls r;Dr rFkk dzks/kh gksrh gSA

& lIre Hkko esa eaxy gks rks L=h ckY;koLFkk esa fo/kok gks tkrh gSA og nq’V

LoHkko okyh /kughu dqfRlr vax okyh rFkk xq.kghu gksrh gSA

& ;fn v’Ve Hkko esa eaxy gks rks L=h cgqr jksx okyh vR;Ur d`‛k ifr jfgr

nkfjnz; nq%[k rFkk ?kko ls ‚kksd okyh fgalk djus okyh o dkfUr ghu gksrh gSA

& }kn‛k LFkku esa eaxy gks rks L=h dqfRlr vUu [kkus okyh xq.kghu] vlr~ dk;Z

djus okyh] dzwj] lnk jksx ;qDr o vYik;q gksrh gSA [34]

;|fi ukjn lafgrk esa Li’V eaxy nks’k ij rks fopkj ugha fd;k x;k ijUrq nkEiR;

lq[k ds fy, tUekax esa xzgk dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr dk o.kZu fuEu izdkj ls gS &

& ;fn lIre Hkko esa ,d ls vf/kd ikixzg cSBs gksa rFkk mu ij ‚kqHk xzg dh n`f’V

u gks rks L=h oS/kO; izkIr gksrk gSA

& ;fn ‚kqHk rFkk v‛kqHk nksuksa izdkj ds xzg lIre Hkko esa cSBs gksa rks mldk

iqufoZokg gksrk gSA

& ;fn dwzj xzg fucZy gksdj lIre Hkko esa cSBk gks rFkk ml ij ‚kqHk xzg dh n`f’V

dk vkHkko gks rks og tkfrdk ifr ds }kjk R;kx nh tkrh gSA

& ;fn dwzj xzg fucZy gksdj lIre Hkko esa cSBk gks rFkk ml ij ‚kqHkxzgksa dh n`f’V

gks rks ifr&iRuh esa uksad >ksad gksrh jgrh gSA og ifr }kjk iRuh dk R;kx ugha

fd;k tkrkA [35]

[kku[kkuk ds vuqlkj tkrd ds tUe yXu eaxy gks rks og nfjnz] bZ’;kZyq vkSj

dzks/kh gksrk gSA ges‛kk viuh iRuh ls nwj jgus okyk gksrk gSA

pkSFksLFkku esa eaxy tkrd dks yEiV rFkk nSfgd lq[k ls foghu djrk gSA

lIre Hkko esa eaxy dkeokluk vYi o pfj=xr tM+ nsrk gSA [36]

MkW- gfj‛kadj ikBd us thoukFk d`r ^Hkko dqrwgye* dh O;k[;k djrs gq, dgk gS

fd& ftl L=h ds lIre Hkko esa lw;Z fLFkr gks og mxz LoHkko dh ifr dh mis{kk djus okyh ;k ifr dk R;kx djus okyh gksrh gS lIre Hkko esa HkkSe oS/kO;dkjd

gksrk gSA lIre esa ‚kfu gks rks ;qokoLFkk esa gh mlesa o`)Ro ds y{k.k mHkj vkrs gSaA

;fn lIre Hkko esa iki xzg dh nqf’V gks rks ifr ls erHksn gksrk gSA [37]

tc eaxy yXu esa ;k yXu ls prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks dqt

nks’k mRiUu djrk gS] tks fookg esa foyEc djus ds vfrfjDr L=h vFkok iq#’k ds

thou lkFkh dh vk;q {kh.k djus okyk gksrk gSA [38]

pUnz nRr iUr us eaxy dks yXu esa L=h jfgr] f}rh; Hkko esa iki dehZ] funZ;h o

>xM+kyw prqFkZ Hkko esa ij L=hjr lIre LFkku esa iq#’k L=h ds fy, o L=h iq#’k ds

fy, ?kkrd gksrk gSA v’Ve Hkko esa eaxy fookg nsj ls rFkk iRuh dzks/kh gksrh gS

rFkk }kn‛k Hkko esa eaxy tkrd dks ijL=hjr] nwO;Zluh] foklh ctk;k gSA [39]

;fn L=h dh tUe dq.Myh esa yXu ls lIre Hkko esa lw;Z gks rks vius ifr }kjk

R;kxh tk, ;k ifr ls vyx jgs] ;fn lIre esa eaxy gks rks fo/kok gks rFkk lIre esa ‚kfu gks rks nsj ls fookg gksA xzUFkdkj us lIre Hkko es eaxy] ‚kfu] jkgq] dsrq

vkSj lw;Z dks nks’k dkjd Lohdkj fd;k gSA [40] ¼;|fi ;g Qy iz‛u ds fy, dgk

x;k gS] ijUrq O;k[;kdkj ds vuqlkj ;g Qy tkrd&xzUFkkuqlkj gSa½ ;fn lIre

Hkko esa eaxy gks rks ml dU;k dh fookg ls iwoZ gh e`R;q gks tkrh gSA muds

vuqlkj eaxy dh v’Ve n`f’V dqVqEc Hkko ij fu{ksi djsxh] bl dkj.k ifr dh

izkfIr dh lEHkkouk Hkh yxHkx lekIr izk;% gksxhA [41]

nSoK oYyHkk dh Vhdk djrs gq, MkW+ ‚kqdnso prqosZnh th us ;g Li’V fd;k gS fd

;fn jksxh dh vk;q dk iz‛u iqNk tk, rks eaxy dh v’Ve Hkko fLFkfr e`R;qdkjd gks ldrh gSA [42]

xzUFkdkj us L=h uk‛kd ;ksx fuEu izdkj ls dgs gS &

1- ‘k’B LFkku esa eaxy] lIre esa jkgq vkSj v’Ve Hkko esa ‚kfu L=h uk‛k djrk gSA

2- prqFkZ Hkko esa uhp jkf‛kxr ‚kqdz ;k uhp jkf‛kxr pUnzek O;k[;kdkj us

o`gTtkrd ds lUnHkZ ls dgk gS fd fdlh Hkh izdkj ls lIre LFkku ij iki izHkko

,oa lIres‛k ;k dqVqEcs‛k dh ghu fLFkfr vo‛; gh L=h lq[k dk gj.k djrh gSA

lIre esa iki n`’V ;qDr ‚kfu lnSo lIre Hkko dh gkfu djrk gSA [43]

^tkrd lR;kpk;Z* dh O;k[;k djrs gq, MkW- xkSjh ‚kadj diwj dgrs gS fd ;fn L=h

dh tUe dq.M+yh esa f}rh;] lIre ;k v’Ve Hkko esa eaxy gks rks oS/kO; ;ksx gksrk gSA [44]

nf{k.k Hkkjrh; xzUFk ^tkrdkns‛kekxZ* ds vuqlkj ;fn ‚kqdz eaxy xzg ds lkFk gks

nkj oSdY; (L=h lq[k esa deh iRuh dk jksfx.kh gksuk ;k vU; dkj.k ls iRuh lq[k

esa deh gksuk) gksrk gSA ;fn ddZ jkf‛k ds eaxy o ‚kfu lIre Hkko esa gks rks ‚kjhj o LoHkko ls lqUnj L=h izkIr gksrh gSA [45]

tkrd ikfjtkr ds vuqlkj ;fn lIre Hkko esa ,d ls vf/kd iki xzg gks rks

tkfrdk fo/kok gksrh gSA ;fn cy jfgr dwzj xzg lIre esa gks rks L=h ifr }kjk

R;kxh tk,] lIre Hkko esa ‚kqdz o pUnzek ds lkFk eaxy gks rks ij iq#’k ls je.k

djus okyh gksrh gSA [46]

Jh xksis‛k dqekj vks>k ^Qynhfidk* dh O;k[;k djrs gq, dgrs gS fd ;fn eaxy

rFkk lw;Z ,d lkFk f}rh;] prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve vFkok }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks tkrd

ds ,d ls vf/kd fookg gksrs gSaaA blh izdkj vdsys eaxy Hkh ;fn f}rh;] prqFkZ]

lIre] v’Ve o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nks fookg gksrs gaSA [47]

eqdqUn oYyHk feJ iapkax dÙkkZ Jh ekÙkZ.M+ ds vuqlkj ;fn yXu] }kn‛k] prqFkZ]

lIre rFkk v’Ve LFkkuksa esa HkkSe gks rk L=h tUekax esa HkrkZ dk uk‛k iq#’k tUekax

esa ;g ;ksx gks rks L=h dk uk‛k gksrk gSA tc ,slk eaxy nks’k gks rks fookg dHkh u

djs ijUrq feyku esa vf/kd xq.k feyrs gksa ;k nksuksa leku eaxyh gks rks fookg dj

ldrs gSaA ;fn ijLij HkkSe rY; HkkSe u feys rks vU; iki xzg gksa vFkkZr~ tks Qy

izFke] prqFkZ] }kn‛k] v’Ve o lIre HkkSe dk gSA ogha Qy jkgq] ‚kfu o lw;Z dk

dgk x;k gSaAeaxy rqY; eaxy gks ;k oSlk gh vU; dksbZ iki xzg gks rks fookg ‚kqHk]

nh?kkZ;q vkSj iq=iks= dk nsus okyk gksrk gSA [48]

ia jke;Ru vks>k ds vuqlkj tUe dq.Myh esa yXu] prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve o }kn‛k esa

iki xzg dk gksuk izk;% ifruk‛kd ;k iRuh uk‛kd ;ksx gksrk gSA bu Hkkoksa esa eaxy gksus ls iq#’k eaxyk o L=h eaxyh gksrh gSA mijksDr Hkkoksa esa lokZf/kd nks’k eaxy dk mlls de ‚kfu dk o mlls de ‚ks’k iki xzgksa dk gksrk gSA bl ;ksx dks

pUnzek] ‚kqdz vkSj lIres‛k ls Hkh ns[kuk pkfg,A f}rh; Hkko esa Hkh iki xzg gksus ls iwoZ izdkj dk nks’k gksrk gSA L=h dh dq.Myh esa lIre o v’Ve Hkko esa iki ;ksx gksuk vf/kd vfu’V gSA f}rh; v’Ve Hkko esa ‚kqHk ;ksx gksuk lkSHkkX; o/kZd gSA

lIres‛k dk v’Ve esa gksuk ;k v’Ves‛k dk lIre Hkko esa gksuk Hkh blh izdkj dk ;ksx gSA mijksDr ;ksxksa dh ‚kkfUr ds fy, czge~ fookg] dqEHk fookg ;k fo’.kq izfrek fookg ds i‛pkr~ fpjathoh oj ;k dU;k ds lkFk fookg djus dk izko/kku dgk gS

ftlls iqufoZokg dk nks’k ugha gksrkA [49]

^Hkkonhfidk* HkkLdjkpk;Z d`r ds ‚yksd 108 ls 117 rd dgk x;k gS fd ;fn

yXu] f}rh;] prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve o }kn‛k Hkko esa ;fn eaxy gks rks iRuh dh e`R;q gks tkrh gS ;k iRuh ls foNksg fookg ds dqN gh le; i‛pkr~ gks tkrk gSA fL=;ksa

dh dq.Mfy;ksa esa ifr dh e`R;q dk fopkj pUnzek vkSj ‚kqdz ls djuk pkfg, vFkkZr~ eaxy pUnz ;k ‚kqdz ls izFke] f}rh;] prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks

L=h ds fo/kok gksus dh lEHkkouk gksrh gSA ;fn lIre dk dkjd ‚kqdz iki xzgksa ls

;qDr ;k n`’V u gks ;k fdlh vU; izdkj ls ml ij iki xzgksa dk izHkko u gks] lIres‛k l‛kDr gks] lIre esa ‚kqHk xzg gks rks eaxyh nks’k ls dksbZ gkfu ugha gksrhA ;fn ‚kqdz dq.Myh esa ‚kqHk fLFkfr esa gks vkSj l‛kDr gks eaxyh nks’k dk dksbZ dqizHkko

ugha gksrkA ;fn ‚kqdz ls lIre Hkko o lIres‛k l‛kDr gks rks Hkh eaxyh nks’k dksbZ

{kfr ugha igqapkrk gSA ;fn xq: lIre esa gks rks nkEiR; thou nh/kZ le; rd lq[k

ls O;rhr gksrk gSA HkkLdjkpk;Z ds vuqlkj ^eaxyh nks’k* dk fopkj iq#’k o fL=;ksa

dh dq.Mfy;ksa esa eaxy dh ‚kfDr ds vuqlkj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ;fn iq#’k vkSj

L=h nksuksa dh dq.Mfy;ksa esa eaxyh nks’k gks rks dksbZ cqjs izHkko dh lEHkkouk ugha

gksrh vFkkZr~ eaxyh nks’k lekIr gks tkrk gSA ;fn fdlh dq.Myh esa eaxyh nks’k gks rks mldh ‚kkfUr ds mik; djus ls mldk dqizHkko tkrk jgrk gSA ;fn eaxy rqyk ;k o`’k jkf‛k esa fLFkr gks pkgs og fdlh Hkh Hkko esa fLFkr gks rks eaxyh nks’k ugha ekuk tkrkA ;fn iq#’k dh dq.Myh esa yXu] ‚kqdz ;k pUnz ls lIre Hkko rFkk

lIres‛k iki xzgksa ds e/; gks rks iq#’k dh dq.Myh esa eaxyh nks’k ds leku gh

dqizHkko iM+rk gSA [50]

pUnz nÙk iUr ds vuqlkj tUe yXu ;k tUe dh pUnzek jkf‛k ls izFke] prqFkZ]

lIre] v’Ve o }kn‛k Hkko esa eaxy gksus ij eaxyh nks’k gksrk gS ,slk tkrd ds

fookg ds le; bl ckr dk fo‛ks’k /;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd nksuksa dh dq.Myh eaxyh gks rks fookg djuk pkfg, vU;Fkk ughaA vU; xzgksa ds cyoku gksus ij lksus rkacs

dks feyk dj mldh vaxqBh esa pkj jRrh dk eqaxk iguus ls rFkk rkacs dh eaxy dh

izfrek dh iwtk djrs jgus ls] eaxy xzg dk tki o eaxy xzg dk nku djus ls eaxy nks’k dh fuo`fr gksrh gSA [51]

iwoksZDr lkfgR; ls fofnr gS fd eaxy nks’k dk fuekZ.k rFkk eaxy nks’k dk ifjgkj

fuEu izdkj ls gksrk gS & yXus O;;s p ikrkys tkfe=ks pk’Ves dqtsA L=h HkrqZfoZuk‛kqap HkrkZ p L=h fouk‛ke~ AA

oj vFkok dU;k dh dqaMyh esa yXu] prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve vFkok }kn‛k Hkko esa eaxy dh mifLFkfr eaxy nks’k vFkok dqt nks’k dks tUe nsrk gS rFkk bls nwljs lkFkh ds fy,] mlds ifjokj ,oa oSokfgd lq[k ds fy, ?kkrd vFkok d’Vnk;d ekuk tkrk gSA lkekU; rkSj ij yXu ls bu Hkkoksa dk fopkj djuk pkfg, fdarq vusd xzUFkksa esa bldk fopkj pUnz ,oa ‚kqdz ls Hkh djus dh lykg nh tkrh gSA

;fn fdlh Hkh O;fDr dh dqaMyh esa bl izdkj dh fLFkfr curh gS rks mls lykg

nh tkrh gS fd og oSls oj vFkok dU;k ls fookg djs ftldh dqaMyh esa leku

nks’k gksA ekaxfyd nks’k ds nq’izHkko ds laca/k esa fofHkUu fo}kuksa us vyx&vyx er izdV fd, gSaA ‚kkL=h; fl)karksa ij vk/kkfjr lkekU; er ;g gS fd ;fn fdlh

ekaxfyd nks’k ls xzLr O;fDr dk fookg xSj ekaxfyd ls gksxk rks mlds nq’ifj.kke vfr ihM+knk;d ,oa Hk;kog gksaxs rFkk oSokfgd LFkkf;Ro ,oa ifr&iRuh ds fy, ?kkrd lkfcr gksaxsA

3-3 fofHkUu Hkkoksa esa eaxy dk izHkko & lkekU; rkSj ij eaxy dks ,d cqjk ,oa v‛kqHk xzg ekuk tkrk gS rFkk tgka dgha Hkh ;g vofLFkr gksrk gS vFkok ftu Hkkoksa ij bldh n`f’V gksrh gS mu Hkkoksa ds

dkjdRo bl xzg ds izHkko ds dkj.k fcYdqy u’V gks tkrs gSa vFkok cqjh rjg ls izHkkfor gksrs gSaA

3-3-1 yXu & ;fn eaxy yXu esa vofLFkr gks rks ;g LokLF; ,oa O;fDrRo dks izHkkfor djrk gS]

bldh prqFkZ Hkko ;kfu lq[k LFkku ij n`f’V ls lq[k] ‚kkafr ,oa [kq‛kgkyh u’V gks

tkrh gS tcfd lIre Hkko ij bldh n`f’V fookg ,oa oSokfgd thou esa leL;k mifLFkr djrh gSA vkBosa Hkko ij bldh n`f’V vk;q ij foijhr izHkko Mkyrh gSA

3-3-2 prqFkZ Hkko & prqFkZ Hkko esa eaxy ifjokj dh [kqf‛k;ksa ij xzg.k yxk nsrk gS rFkk ifr&iRuh ds

chp rykd vFkok vyxko dh fLFkfr mRiUu dj nsrk gS D;ksafd ;gka ls ;g lIre

Hkko ij n`f’V nsrk gS tks fd prqFkZ ls prqFkZ gS lkFkgh 11osa Hkko ij n`f’V nsrk gS

tks fd 12osa Hkko ls 12oka gSA

3-3-3 lIre Hkko & yXu ,oa lIre Hkko ij eaxy ds izHkko dh ppkZ dh tk pqdh gSA ;g bu Hkkoksa ls lac) oSokfgd ekeyksa esa vojks/k ,oa ladV iSnk djrk gSA

3-3-4 v’Ve Hkko & v’Ve Hkko ls eaxy 8osa] 2jsa rFkk 3jsa Hkkoksa ij cqjk izHkko Mkyrk gSA vkBosa ,oa

rhljs Hkko dk fopkj vk;q ds fy, Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA vr% eaxy dk bu nksuksa

Hkkoksa ij izHkko vk;q dks izHkkfor djrk gSA

3-3-5 }kn‛k Hkko & ckjgosa Hkko dk eaxy ‚k;~;k lq[k ds lkFk blds nwljs dkjdRo dks Hkh u’V dj nsrk gS lkFk gh viuh n`f’V ls lIre Hkko dks izHkkfor djrk gSA ckjgoka Hkko lIre Hkko ls NBk gksus ds dkj.k ifr&iRuh ds fy, jksx dk Hkh ?kj gS rFkk iape

Hkko ls v’Ve gksus ds dkj.k larku ds fy, vk;q dk Hkh ?kj gSA vr% ckjgosa Hkko

dk eaxy tkrd ds fy, pkSrjQk ,oa cgqvk;keh ladV mifLFkr djrk gSA

3-4 /;krO; & dqN fo}kuksa dk er gS fd eaxy dh nwljs Hkko esa mifLFkfr Hkh eaxy nks’k mRiUu djrk gSA vius fo‛okl dks cy iznku djus ds fy, os fuEukafdr rdZ izLrqr djrs gSaA

nwljs Hkko dk eaxy nwljs] iape] v’Ve ,oa uoe~ Hkkoksa rFkk buds dkjdRoksa dks cqjh rjg ls izHkkfor djrk gSA

nwljk Hkko dqVqEc Hkko dgk tkrk gSA nwljs Hkko esa eaxy ifjokj esa oSeuL; ,oa

erHksn iSnk djrk gSA

iape Hkko ij eaxy dh n`f’V larkuksRifRr esa leL;k mRiUu djrh gSA blds dkj.k

xHkZikr ,oa xHkZ/kkj.k esa ijs‛kkuh mRiUu gksrh gSA vkBosa Hkko ij bldh nqf’V dh

ppkZ dh tk pqdh gSA uoe~ Hkko ij bldh n`f’V firk ds fy, ijs‛kkuh dk dkj.k

curh gSA

dqN ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa eaxyh nks’k izHkkoghu gks tkrk gSA tks ;ksx eaxyh nks’k dks

izHkkoghu dj nsrs gSa] os blds ifjgkj ;ksx dgs tkrs gSaA T;ksfr’k ‚kkL= ds izk;%

lHkh ekud xzUFkksa esa eaxyh ;ksx ds ifjgkj dk mYys[k feyrk gSA ifjgkj ;ksx Hkh

vkRe dq.Myhxr ,oa ij dq.Myhxr Hksn ls nks izdkj ds gksrs gSaA oj ;k dU;k dh

dq.Myh esa eaxyh ;ksx gksus ij mlh dh dq.Myh dks tks ;ksx eaxyh nks’k dks

fu’Qy dj nsrk gS] og ifjgkj ;ksx vkRe dq.Myhxr dgykrk gS rFkk oj ;k

dU;k bu nksuksa esa ls fdlh ,d dh dq.Myh esa eaxyh ;ksx dk nq’izHkko nwljs dh

dq.Myh ds ftl ;ksx ls nwj gks tkrk gS] og ijdq.Myhxr ifjgkj ;ksx dgk tkrk

gS] bu ifjgkj ;ksxksa esa ls dqN egRoiw.kZ ,oe~ vuqHkwr ;ksx bl izdkj gSa &

3-5 HkkSe nks’k ifjgkj &

iz‛uekxZ ds vuqlkj dq.Myh esa yXu vkfn 5 Hkkoksa esa ls ftl Hkko esa HkkSekfn xzg ds cSBus ls eaxyh ;ksx curk gks] ;fn ml Hkko dk Lokeh cyoku gks rFkk ml

Hkko esa cSBk gks ;k ns[krk gks lkFk gh lIres‛k ;k ‚kqdz f=d~ LFkku esa u gks rks

eaxyh ;ksx dk v‛kqHk izHkko u’V gks tkrk gSA -

HkkLdjkpk;Z (Hkkonhfidk) ds vuqlkj ;fn eaxy ‚kqdz dh jkf‛k esa fLFkr gks rFkk

lIres‛k cyoku~ gksdj dsUnz esa gks rks eaxynks’k izHkkoghu gks tkrk gSA

tkfe=s p ;nk lkSfjyZxus ok fgcqds mr okA

v’Ves }kn‛ks ok·fi HkkSenks’kfouk‛kd`r~AA

oj&dU;k esa ls fdlh ,d dh dq.Myh esa eaxyh ;ksx gks rFkk nwljs dh dq.Myh esa

eaxyh ;ksx gks rFkk nwljs dh dq.Myh esa yXu] prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve ;k }kn‛k LFkku

esa ‚kfu gks rks eaxyh nks’k nwj gks tkrk gSA

‚kfu HkkSeks·Fkok df‛pr~ ikiks ok rkn`‛kks Hkosr~A

rs’oso Hkous’oso HkkSe&nks’k% fouk‛kd`r~AA

oj&dU;k esa ls fdlh ,d dh dq.Myh esa eaxyh ;ksx gks rFkk nwljs dh dq.Myh esa

eaxyh ;ksx dkjd Hkko esa dksbZ iki xzg gks rks eaxyh nks’k u’V gks tkrk gSA

dsUnzf=dks.ks ‚kqHkk<~;s p f=’kMk;s·I;ln~xzgk%A

rnk HkkSeL; nks’kks u Hkous eniLrFkkAA

ftl dq.Myh esa eaxyh nks’k gks ;fn mlesa ‚kqHk xzg dsUnz f=dks.k esa rFkk ‚ks’k iki

xzg f=’kMk; esa gks rFkk lIres‛k lIre LFkku esa gks rks eaxyh ;ksx izHkkoghu gks

tkrk gSA

lcys xqjkS Hk`xkS ok yXus |wusvfi ok·Fkok u dqtnks’k%AA

eaxyh ;ksx okyh dq.Myh esa cyoku~ xq# ;k ‚kqdz ds yXu ;k lIre esa gksus ij

vFkok eaxy ds fucZy gksus ij eaxyh ;ksx dk nks’k nwj gks tkrk gSA

vts yXus O;;s pkis ikrkys o`f‛pds fLFkrsA

o`’ks tk;s ?kVs jU/kzs HkkSenks’kksa u fo|rsAA

es’k yXu esa fLFkr] eaxy] o`f‛pd jkf‛k esa prqFkZ Hkko esa fLFkr eaxy] o`’kHk jkf‛k esa

lIre LFkku esa fLFkr eaxy] dqEHk jkf‛k esa v’Ve LFkku esa fLFkr eaxy rFkk /kuq

jkf‛k esa O;; LFkku esa fLFkr eaxy eaxyh nks’k ugha djrkA

es’k ;k o`f‛pd dk eaxy prqFkZ LFkku esa gksus ij] ddZ ;k edj dk eaxy lIre

LFkku esa gksus ij rFkk ehu dk eaxy v’Vr LFkku esa gksus ij rFkk es’k ;k ddZ dk

eaxy O;; LFkku esa gksus ij eaxyh nks’k ugha gksrkA

ftl dq.Myh esa lIres‛k ;k ‚kqdz cyoku~ gksa rFkk lIre Hkko buls ;qr&n`’V gks

ml dq.Myh esa eaxyh nks’k gks rks og u’V gks tkrk gSA

;fn eaxyh ;ksx dkjd xzg Lojkf‛k ewy f=dks.k jkf‛k ;k mPp jkf‛k esa gks rks

eaxyh nks’k Lo;a lekIr gks tkrk gSA gekjk vuqHko gS fd tc fdlh yM+dh ;k

yM+ds dh dq.Myh esa ‚kqdz ,oa lIres‛k cyoku gksdj ‚kqHk LFkku esa fLFkr gksa rFkk

lIre Hkko ij fdlh ‚kqHk xzg dh n`f’V gks rks ml dq.Myh esa eaxyh nks’k izHkkoghu gks tkrk gSA bl fLFkfr esa eaxyh nks’k ls fdlh Hkh izdkj dh gkfu dh vk‛kadk ugha

djuh pkfg,A

T;ksfr’k txr esa lokZf/kd ekU; T;ksfr’k xzUFk ^c`gr~ikjk‛kjgksjk‛kkL=e~* ds

L=htkrdk/;k; ds 47] 48] 49osa ‚yksd esa eaxy nks’k dks rFkk eaxy nks’k ifjgkj

dks fuEu izdkj ls n‛kkZ;k gSA

ikrkys·fi rukS jU/ksz tkfe=s okfi p O;;sA

fLFkr% dqt% ifra gfUr u psPNqHk ;qrsf{krs AA

bUnksjI;qDrxsgs’kq fLFkrks HkkSe·Fkok ‚kfu%A

ifr gUrk fL=;k‛pSoa ojL;;fn L=he`fr%AA

yXu ls izFke] prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve o }kn‛k Hkko esa fLFkr eaxy ‚kqHk xzgksa ds ;ksx

;k n`f’V ls foghu gks rks dU;k fo/kok gks tkrh gSA mDr LFkkuksa esa pUnzek ls Hkh

HkkSe ;k ‚kfu gks rks L=h ds ifr dk fu/ku gksrk gSA oj dh dq.Myh esa ,slk ;ksx

gks rks L=h dh e`R;q gks tkrh gSA

L=h.kka oS/kO;nks ;ksx% iqalk tUefu psn~ Hkosr~A

rnk iRuh fouk‛k% L;k&nqH;ks‛ps/kqHka Le`re~AA

fL=;ksa dk oS/kO;dkjd mi;ZqDr ;ksx iq#’k dh dq.Myh esa gks rks L=h dk ej.k gksrk

gSA nksuksa dh dq.Mfy;ksa esa ;g fLFkfr jgs rks dY;k.k gksrk gSA [52]

;|fi ia- x.ks‛k nRr ikBd }kjk ^c`gn~ ikjk‛kjgksjk ‛kkL=e~* dh O;k[;k esa eaxy

nks’k rFkk eaxy nks’k ifjgkj ds ikB dk yksi gS fdUrq ia- in~eukHk ‚kekZ rFkk MkW-

lqjs‛k pUnz feJ }kjk dh xbZ vyx&vyx O;k[;kvksa esa eaxy nks’k rFkk eaxy nks’k

dk ifjgkj ,d tSlk gh gS tks fuEu- izdkj ls gS &

yXus O;;s lq[ks okfi lIres ok’Ves dqtsA

‚kqHk n`X;ksxghus p ifra gfUr u la‛k;%AA

ftl dU;k ds yXu ls izFke] }kn‛k] prqFkZ] lIre o v’Ve Hkko esa eaxy gks rFkk

ml ij fdlh Hkh ‚kqHk xzg dh n`f’V ;k ;ksx u gks rks L=h fo/kok (ifr lq[k ls

oafpr) gksrh gSA

;fLeu~ ;ksxs leqRiUuk ifra gfUr dqekfjdkA

rfLeu~ ;ksxs leqRiUuks iRuha gfUr ujks·fi pAA

L=hgUrk ifj.khrk psr~ ifrgU=h dqekfjdkA

rnk oS/kO;;ksxL; Hkaxks Hkofr fu‛p;kr~AA

ftl ;ksx esa mRiUu dU;k ifr dk guu djrh gS] mlh ;ksx esa mRiUu iq#’k Hkh

iRuh dk guu djrk gSA ifrgU=h dU;k dk iRuhgUrk iq#’k ds lkFk fookg gksus ls

oS/kO; ;ksx u’V gks tkrk gSA [53]

izLrqr ‚kks/k esa eq[; :i ls ^c`gr~ikjk‛kjgksjk‛kkL=e~* ds eaxy nks’k o eaxy nks’k

ifjgkj o vf/kdrj T;ksfr’k fo}kuksa }kjk ekU; eaxy nks’k o eaxy nks’k ifjgkj dks

fy;k x;k gSA

v/;k; 4

“kks/k i)fr (Methodology)

4-1 “kks/k dk mís”; (Statement of the problem)

;g “kks/k bl ij dsfUnzr djrk gS fd &

4-1-1- D;k T;ksfr’k ds ek/;e ls ;g tkuk tk ldrk gS fd fdlh xzg dh fo”ks’k

Hkkoxr fLFkfr }kjk ;g Kkr gks ldrk gsS fd fdlh tkrd dk nkEiR; thou

lq[ke; jgsxk ;k ugha \

4-1-2- D;k T;ksfr’k”kkL= esa fn;s x;s ekaxfyd nks’k vkfn ds ;ksx nkEiR; thou ij

izHkko Mkyrs gSaA D;k og ;ksx tks eaxy dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr ds vuqlkj nkEiR; thou dks nq%[ke; cukrs gS dk okLrfod nkEiR; thou ds lkFk dksbZ lEcU/k gS \

4-1-3- D;k T;ksfr’k esa fdlh fo”ks’k xzg fLFkfr tks oSokfgd thou dks vlq[kn

cukrh gS rFkk ml tkrd ds dy= (spouse) dh tUedq.Myh esa fdlh xzg fo”ks’k

dh fLFkfr mijksDr ;ksx dks vizHkkfor dj ldrh gSA eaxy dh fo”ks’k (izFke]

prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve o }kn”k) Hkkoxr fLFkfr dk vlQy oSokfgd thou ds lkFk

lEcU/k gS \

4-1-4- D;k fdlh vU; xzg dh fo”ks’k Hkkoxr fLFkfr dk lQy ;k vlQy oSokfgd thou dk lEcU/k gS \

4-1-5- D;k T;ksfr’k “kkL= esa fn;s x;s eaxy ;k vU; dzwj xzgksa dh fo”ks’k Hkkoxr fLFkfr dk vlQy oSokfgd thou ds lkFk dksbZ lEcU/k gS \

4-1-6- D;k HkkSe nks’k dk ifjgkj xzgksa dh fdlh fo”ks’k fLFkfr esa lEHko gS \

4-1-7- D;k fookg iwoZ esykid lkFkZd gS \

4-2 “kks/k&{ks= (Scope of Research)

T;ksfr’k esa eaxy dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr ls nkEiR; thou dh lQyrk ;k vlQyrk

dk izHkko ns[kus dk lEHkor% ;g izFke iz;kl gSA ;g “kks/k ,d Quantitative “kks/k

gSA bl fo’k; dk pquko blfy;s fd;k x;k gS D;ksafd ;g fo’k;ijd (Subjective) u gksdj oLrqfu’B (Objective) fo’k; gSA bldk iz;kstu ;g gS fd bl fo’k; esa

izk:iksa esa lwpuk,a lgh izdkj ls izkIr dh tk ldrh gaSA bl “kks/k dk fo’k; ^fookg esykid esa eaxy nks’k dk izHkko* blfy, fy;k x;k gS D;ksfd fdlh tkrd dk

nkEiR; thou dSlk gS og vPNh izdkj ls crk ldrk gSA vHkh rd xzgksa dk ekuo

thou ij izHkko] dksbZ fo”ks’k izek.k ds lkFk ugha dgk tk ldrk gSA ;g “kks/k xzgksa

dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr ls thou ds lq[kn ;k vlq[kn nkEiR; dk vkadyu ek= gS]

bldk vFkZ ;g fcYdqy ughsa gS fd “kks/k dk ifj.kke nkEiR; thou ds lq[kn ;k

vlq[kn nkEiR; dh lVhd Hkfo’;ok.kh nsxkA

;g “kks/k tkrd dh vkfFkZd] ekufld o ikfjokfjd fLFkfr ;k larku vkfn dk

tkrd ds lQy ;k vlQy nkEiR; thou ij fdl izdkj dk izHkko jgk gS fd

vyx ls tkudkjh ugha nsrkA bl “kks/k es tkrd ds nkEiR; thou dh lQyrk o vlQyrk dk Kku fdlh vU; izdkj ls (v’VdwV vkfn) ugha fd;k x;k gSA

4-3 “kks/k dh lhek (Limitations)

4-3-1- izLrqr “kks/k&izcU/k ess nks izdkj ds tkrdksa dh tUe yXudq.Myh]

pUnzdq.Myh] uoka”k dq.Myh o pfyr Hkkodq.Mfy;ksa dks izk:iksa ds :i esa fy;k

x;k gSA izFke izdkj esa osa tkrd gS ftudk nkEiR; thou lq[kn py jgk gS rFkk muds lq[kn nkEiR; thou dks de l de nl o’kZ iw.kZ gks pqds gS rFkk nwljs

izdkj esa osa tkrd gSa ftudk fookg foPPNsn gks pqdk gSA fyo&bu&fjys”kuf”ki

(Live in Relationship) vkfn dk bl “kks/k esa ifjR;kx fd;k x;k gSA

4-3-2- bl “kks/k esa vyx&vyx tkrdksa ds nkEiR; thou rFkk nEifr;ksa

(ifRk&iRuh nksuksa) ds nkEiR; thou dks eaxy xzg dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr ds }kjk lq[kn ;k vlq[kn dk fo”ys’k.k fd;k x;k gSA

4-3-3- izLrqr “kks/k esa izkphu T;ksfr’k “kkL= ds vuqlkj izFke] prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve

}kn”k Hkko esa eaxy fLFkr gksus ij ekaxfyd Lohdkj fd;k x;k gSA

4-3-4- fdlh ,d tkrd dh tUe dq.Myh esa eaxy izFke] prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve o }kn“k Hkko esa gks rFkk nwljh tUe dq.Myh esa bUgha Hkkoksa esa ikixzg (“kfu] eaxy]

jkgq) gksus ij eaxy Hkax dh ifjHkk’kk yh xbZ gSA ekaxfyd dq.Myh esa eaxy ij

c`gLifr o “kqdz dh n`f’V ;k bu nksuksa xzgksa dh ;qfr ls Hkh ekaxfyd Hkax dh laKk nh xbZ gSA

4-3-5- “kks/k esa T;ksfr’k”kkL=ksa ds vuqlkj ukS xzg fy, x;s gSaA vk/kqfud T;ksfr’k esa iz;ksx gksus okys IywVksa] ;wjsul o usIP;wu xzgksa dk ifjR;kx fd;k x;k gSA

4-3-6- tUedq.Myh] pUnz dq.Myh] uoka”k dq.Myh o pfyr dq.Myh ij fopkj fd;k

x;k gS] “ks’k oxksZa (lIreka”k] }kn”kka”k] nzs’dk.k vkfn) dk ifjR;kx fd;k x;k gSA

4-3-7- xzgksa ds cy vkfn rFkk mudh Lojkf”k] mPp jkf”k] odzh] ekxhZ] uhp o fe=

{ks=h ij fopkj ugha fd;k x;k gSA

4-3-8- izk:iksa ds ldayu esa mu tkrdksa dh tUe dq.Mfy;ka gS ftudk fookg

yxHkx fiNys 40 ;k 50 o’kksaZ esa gqvk gSA

4-3-9- bl “kks/k esa ekaxfyd rFkk ekaxfyd Hkax dq.Mfy;ksa }kjk nkEiR; thou ds

lq[kn (LFkk;h thou&fuokZg) rFkk vlq[kn (lEcU/k&foPNsn) dks fy;k x;k gSA

4-4 ifjlheu (Delimitation)

1- iwoZ fu/kkZfjr (T;ksfr’k xzUFkksa ds vuqlkj) jkf”k rFkk jkf”k Lokfe;ksa dks T;ksa dk R;ksa

Lohdkj fd;k x;k gSA

2- xzgksa dh n`f’V Hkh iwoZ fu/kkZfjr T;ksfr’k xzUFkksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA

3- bl “kks/k esa LFkkbZ py jgs fookg dks lq[kn o fookg&foPpNsn dks vlq[kn

Lohdkj fd;k x;k gSA

4-5 “kks/k izfdz;k (Procedure)

4-5-1 v/;;u dk izk:i (Design of Study)

izLrqr “kks/k ds v/;;u ds fy, 2423 ( ftuesa ekaxfyd lq[kn 448] ekaxfyd

vlq[kn 565] ukWu&ekaxfyd lq[kn 596] ukWu&ekaxfyd vlq[kn 814) tkrdksa dh

tUe dq.Mfy;ksa dk fujh{k.k fd;k x;k gSA

lHkh izk:iksa esa tkrdksa dh tUe dq.Myh] pUnz dq.Myh] uoka”k dq.Myh o pfyr

Hkkodq.Myh }kjk eaxy dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr (ekaxfyd) o ekaxfyd nks’k Hkax djus

okys xzg dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr ij fopkj fd;k x;k gSA

4-5-2 izfr:i ;k uewus (Sample)

izLrqr “kks/k v/;;u ds fy, 2423 izfr:i fy, x, gS tks fofHkUu leqnk; ds gSa

bu izfr:iksa esa vf/kdrj izfr:i mRrjh Hkkjr ( iatkc] gfj;k.kk] fnYyh] if”pe

mRrjh izns”k vkfn) ds gSaA bu izfr:iksa esa tkrd dh tUe frfFk] tUe le;] tUe

LFkku rFkk muds nkEiR; thou ds lq[kn ;k vlq[kn gksus dh tkudkjh tkrdksa }kjk nh x;h lwpukvksa ds vuqlkj yh xbZ gSA bu izfr:iksa esa mijksDr ds

lgh&lgh gksus dk Hkh fo”ks’k /;ku j[k x;k gSA

4-5-3 vkadM+ksa dk laxzg.k (Collection of the Data)

vkadMksa dk laxzg.k fofHkUu tkrdksa ds laiZd ls rFkk “kks/kkFkhZ }kjk vius T;ksfr’k dk;Zy; esa miyC/k lwpukvksa ls fd;k x;k gSA vkadMs+ vf/kdrj iatkc o mRrjh

Hkkjr ds gSA

4-5-4 iz;ksx esa yk, tkus okys midj.k (Tools)

izLrqr v/;;u esa fofHkUu tkrdksa dh tUedq.Mfy;kas dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gS rFkk

bu tUedq.Mfy;ksa ds fuekZ.k ds fy, uhps fy[ks x;s VwYk iz;ksx esa yk, x;s gSA

1- tUedq.Mfy;ksa ds fuekZ.k ds fy, mRrjh Hkkjr esa iz;ksx gksus okys tUei=h

fuekZ.k ds fl}kUrksa ij vk/kkfjr fy;ks LVkj (Leo Star Software, Future Point,

Delhi) lkWWWWWWQ~Vos;j dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA

2- v;uka”k ,u- lh- ykfgM+h dk iz;ksx esa yk;k x;k gSA

3- blds vfrfjDr LFkkfu; (iatkc izkar) iapkaxksa tSls ^iapkx fnokdj* (nsoh n;kyq)

tkya/kj] ^ekRRkZ.M iapkx* dqjkyh iatkc dk Hkh ;nk&dnk iz;ksx izk:iksa ds fuekZ.k esa fd;k x;k gSA

4-5-5 fu;e (Rules Followed)

izLrqr v/;;u esa mRRkjh Hkkjr esa iz;ksx esa ykbZ tkus okyh Qykns”k i)fr tks

izkphu o uohu T;ksfr’k xzUFkksa esa gS] dk vuqlj.k fd;k x;k gSA T;ksfr’k”kkL= ds

bu xzaFkksa esa eq[;r% ^c`gr~ikjk”kjgksjk”kkL=*] Qynhfidk] ekulkxjh] tkrd ikfjtkr]

Hkkjrh; T;ksfr’k] lkjkoyh] tkrdkHkj.k] tkrdrRoe~] c`gTtkrde~] ukjn lafgrk]

iz”uekxZ] tkrdkns”kekxZ] Hkkonhfidk] oSokfgd lq[k] fookg fopkj foe”kZ vkfn

lfEefyr gSaA

bl v/;;u dh Qykns”k i)fr esa tks fl)kUr ykxw fd;s x;s g osa bl izdkj gSa

xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr] xzgksa ls xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr] jkf”k;ksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr]

xzgksa dk n`f’V lEcU/k] Hkkoksa ij xzgksa dh n`f’V vkfn tks ijEijkxr eaxy nks’k vkfn esa iz;ksx gksrs gSa osa gh bl “kks/k izcU/k esa “kks/k ds fy;s lfEefyr fd;s x, gSaA

4-5-6 lkaf[;dh; fo”ys’k.k izfdz;k (Statistical Procedures)

izk:iksa ds lkaf[dh; fo”ys’k.k dk vkdyu djus ds fy, Non parametric statistical procedure chi-square test (for equality of proportions and independence of attributes yates collection) dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA

v/;k; 5

5-1 izk:iksa dk fo‛ys’k.k

izLrqr ‚kks/k ^fookg esykid esa eaxy nks’k dk izHkko esa* 2423 izk:iksa dks ,df=r

fd;k x;k gSA iwoZ of.kZr ekaxfyd nks’k ds vuqlkj 1013 izk:iksa gS rFkk 1410

izk:i ukWu&ekaxfyd gSA ;g ‚kks/k ekaxfyd rFkk ukWu&ekaxfyd dk lq[kn o

vlq[kn nkEiR; thou dk rqyukRed v/;;u gSA bl ‚kks/k izcU/k esa ;g tkuus dk

iz;Ru fd;k x;k gS fd D;k eaxy ;k eaxy ds vfrfjDr dksbZ vU; xzg fdlh

fo‛ks’k Hkko esa fLFkr gksdj nkEiR; lq[k dks izHkkfor dj ldrk gSA izLrqr ‚kks/k esa ;g Hkh tkuus dk iz;kl gS fd dksbZ fo‛ks’k jkf‛k tc yXu esa gksrh gS rks og D;k

nkEiR; thou dks izHkkfor djrh gSA

‚kks/k dk v/;;u tUe yXu] pfyr yXu] pUnz yXu o uoka‛k ij vyx&vyx

vk/kkfjr gSA

5-1 tUe yXuxr jkf‛k o }kn‛k Hkkoksa esa xzgksa dk izHkkoA

tUe yXu esa dkSu lh jkf‛k fLFkr gS mlds vuqlkj lq[kn o vlq[kn nkEiR; thou fuEu- izdkj ls gSA

izfr‛kr

rkfydk & 5-1-1 (yXu)

xzkQ & 5-1-1

5-1-1 rkfydk 5-1-1 esa vyx&vyx yXuksa ds v/;;u esa ik;k x;k gS fd flag yXu

ds tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gksrk gS rFkk dU;k yXu ds tkrdksa dk

nkEiR; thou lq[kn gksrk gSA ‚ks’k yXuksa esa dksbZ fo‛ks’k vUrj n`f’V xkspj ughsa

gqvkA

& 5-1-2 (lw;Z)

xzkQ & 5-1-2

thou iznku djrh gSA

gksrk gSA

xzkQ & 5-1-4

5-1-4 rkfydk 5-1-4 esa eaxy izFke] f}rh; o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy rFkk

‘k’Be o uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy iznku djrk gSA

vlq[kn izfr‛kr

& 5-1-5 (cq/k)

xzkQ & 5-1-5

5-1-5 rkfydk 5-1-5 esa cq/k f}rh; Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; thou o uoe Hkko esa

vlq[kn Qy nsrk gSA

vlq[kn nkEiR; thou gksrk gSA

& 5-1-7 (‚kqdz)

xzkQ & 5-1-7

5-1-7 rkfydk 5-1-7 esa ‚kqdz izFke o r`rh; Hkko esa lq[kn o uoe Hkko esa vlq[kn

Qy nsrk gSA

izfr‛kr

izfr‛kr

rkfydk & 5-1-8 (‚kfu)

xzkQ & 5-1-8

5-1-8 rkfydk 5-1-8 esa ‚kfu lIre Hkko esa lq[kn o ‘k’B Hkko esa vlq[kn Qy nsrk gSA

xzkQ & 5-1-9

5-1-9 rkfydk 5-1-9 esa jkgq r`rh; o prqFkZ Hkko esa lq[kn o iape o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa

v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

5-2 iq#’k tkrdksa dh yXu dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

iq:’k tkrdksa dh tUe dq.Mfy;ksa esa eaxy xzg dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr o mudk nkEiR; thou ij lq[kn ;k vlq[kn izHkko tkuus ds fy, 1280 iq:’k tkrdksa dh tUedq.Mfy;ksa dk fo‛ys’k.k fd;k x;k gSA bu tkrdksa esa 563 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn jgk gS rFkk 717 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn jgk gSA }kn‛k Hkkoksa esa eaxy xzg dh fLFkfr ds lkFk&lkFk vU; lHkh xzgksa dh fLFkfr dk Hkh

voyksdu fd;k x;k gS rkfd ;g tkuk tk lds fd eaxy ds vfrfjDr fdlh vU; xzg dh dksbZ fo‛ks’k fLFkfr nkEiR; thou dks izHkkfor dj ldrh gS ;k ughaA rkfydkvksa esa izR;sd Hkkoksa esa xzgksa dh fLFkfr ds lkFk&lkFk mudk izfr‛kr o la[kn ;k vlq[kn nkEiR; thou dh fLFkfr dk C;kSjk fn;k x;k gSA

(

& 5-2-1

5-2-1 mijksDr rkfydk 5-2-1 esa yXu esa ;fn es’k jkf‛k gks rks nkEiR; thou bruk

lq[kn ugha jgrk ;fn yXu esa o`f‛pd jkf‛k gks rks nkEiR; thou lq[kn gksrk gS

& 5-2-2 (lw;Z) xzkQ & 5-2-2

5-2-2 rkfydk 5-2-2 esa lw;Z izFke] f}rh;] r`rh; o prqFkZ Hkko esa nkEiR; ds fy, ‚kqHk

o v’Ve o n‛ke Hkko esa nkEiR; ds fy, v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU;

Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-2-3 (

o f}rh; Hkko esa lq[kn o r`rh;] lIre] uoe Hkkoksa esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

xzkQ & 5-2-4

5-2-4 rkfydk 5-2-4 esa eaxy izFke] }kn‛k] f}rh; Hkkoksa esa ‚kqHk o v’Ve esa v‛kqHk ‚ks’k

Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

izfr‛kr

vlq[kn izfr‛kr

& 5-2-5 (cq/k) xzkQ & 5-2-5

5-2-5 rkfydk 5-2-5 esa cq/k f}rh; o r`rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk uoe] n‛ke Hkko esa

v‛kqHk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-2-6 (

) xzkQ & 5-2-6

5-2-6 rkfydk 5-2-6 esa c`gLifr iape Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy f}rh; o r`rh; Hkko esa v‛kqHk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

lq[kn

& 5-2-7 (‚kqdz)

xzkQ & 5-2-7

5-2-9 rkfydk 5-2-9 esa jkgq f}rh; o r`rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk iape Hkko esa v‛kqHk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa

esa lkekU; Qy izkIr gksrk gSA

5-3 L=h tkrdksa dh yXu dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa 1143 L=h tkrdksa dh tUedq.Myh ds lHkh xzgksa dh Hkkoxr

fLFkfr o mudk izfr‛kr n‛kkZ;k x;k gSA tkrdksa dk nkEiR; lq[kn ;k vlq[kn jgk

mldk Hkh fooj.k fn;k x;k gSA

& 5-3-1 (yXu)

xzkQ & 5-3-1

5-3-1 rkfydk 5-3-1 esa L=h tkrdksa dh tUedq.Mfy;ksa esa ;fn yXu esa es’k] dU;k

rFkk ehu jkf‛k gksrh gS rks nkEiR; thou lq[kn gksrk gS rFkk o`’k] flag o o`f‛pd

jkf‛k gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gksrk gSA

& 5-3-2 (lw;Z)

xzkQ & 5-3-2

5-3-2 rkfydk 5-3-2 esa L=h tkrdks dh tUedq.Myh esa lw;Z prqFkZ o uoe Hkko esa

vlq[kn nkEiR; thou nsrk gS rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa nkEiR; thou lkekU; jgrk gSA

& 5-3-3 (

&

Hkkoksa esa ‚kqHk rFkk f}rh; Hkko esa v‛kqHk ‚ks’k esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

r`rh; o prqFkZ

izfr‛kr

& 5-3-4

5-3-4 rkfydk 5-3-4 esa L=h tkrdks dh tUedq.Myh esa eaxy ,dkn‛k] lIre] f}rh; o r`rh; Hkkoksa esa lq[kn nkEiR; thou rFkk uoe] ‘k’B o iape Hkko esa vlq[kn

nkEiR; thou nsrk gSA

izfr‛kr

& 5-3-5 (cq/k)

xzkQ & 5-3-5

5-3-5 rkfydk 5-3-5 esa L=h tkrdks dh tUedq.Myh esa cq/k izFke o }kn‛k Hkkoksa esa ‚kqHk o iape] v’Ve o uoe Hkkoksa esa dqN v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gS rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa

lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

rkfydk & 5-3-6 (xq:)

xzkQ & 5-3-6

5-3-6 rkfydk 5-3-6 esa L=h tkrdks dh tUedq.Myh esa c`gLifr prqFkZ Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk rFkk r`rh; Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‛kqHk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa

c`gLifr dk lkekU; Qy gksrk gSA

izfr‛kr

& 5-3-7 (‚kqdz)

xzkQ & 5-3-7

5-3-7 rkfydk 5-3-7 esa L=h tkrdks dh tUedq.Myh esa ‚kqdz }kn‛k Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-3-8 (‚kfu) xzkQ & 5-3-8

5-3-8 rkfydk 5-3-8 esa L=h tkrdksa dh tUedq.Myh esa ‚kfu ‘k’B o iape Hkko esa

v‛kqHk Qy o v’Ve Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-3-9 (jkgq)

xzkQ & 5-3-9

3-9 rkfydk 3-9 esa L=h tkrdks dh tUedq.Myh esa jkgq ,dkn‛k o v’Ve Hkkoksa esa

v‛kqHk Qy rFkk ‘k’B o uoe Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

5-4 pfyr Hkko dq.Myh ds }kn‛k Hkkoksa esa xzgks dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

mijksDr rkfydkvksa esa tUe yXu ls xzgksa dh fLFkfr dk izHkko fn[kk;k x;k gSA

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr dk izHkko pfyr Hkko dqaMfy;ksa esa

fn[kk;k tk jgk gSA fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa 2423 tkrdksa dh tUedq.Mfy;ksa dk fo‛ys’k.k gS] ftuesa 1044 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn jgk gS rFkk 1379 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn jgk gSA

izfr‛kr

rkfydk & 5-4-1 (yXu)

xzkQ & 5-4-1

5-4-1 rkfydk 5-4-1 esa pfyr Hkko dq.Myh ds yXu esa dU;k jkf‛k ds tkrdksa dk

nkEiR; thou lq[kn rFkk flag jkf‛k ds tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn ik;k x;k gSA

&

(lw;Z) xzkQ & 5-4-2

5-4-2 rkfydk 5-4-2 esa lHkh tkrdksa ds f}rh; Hkko esa lw;Z nkEiR; thou dks lq[kn cukrk gSA lIre o v’Ve Hkkoksa esa lw;Z vlq[kn nkEiR; thou nsrk gSA

lq[kn izfr‛kr

vlq[kn izfr‛kr 9-64

& 5-4-3 (pUnz)

xzkQ & 5-4-3

5-4-3 rkfydk 5-4-3 esa pUnzek }kn‛k Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; thou rFkk n‛ke Hkko esa vlq[kn nkEiR; thou nsrk gSA

&

(

) xzkQ & 5-4-4

5-4-4 rkfydk 5-4-4 esa eaxy f}rh; o izFke Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; thou rFkk lIre] prqFkZ] uoe o v’Ve Hkkoksa esa vlq[kn nkEiR; thou nsrk gSA

lq[kn izfr‛kr

rkfydk & 5-4-5 (cq/k)

xzkQ & 5-4-5

5-4-5 rkfydk 5-4-5 esa cq/k f}rh; Hkko esa lq[kn o v’Ve] lIre o uoe esa vlq[kn nkEiR; thou nsrk gSA

&

(

) xzkQ & 5-4-6

5-4-6 rkfydk 5-4-6 esa c`gLifr prqFkZ] iape Hkko esa

‚kqHk Qy

lIre o ‘k’B Hkko esa v‛kqHk o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

gS

& 5-4-7 (‚kqdz)

xzkQ & 5-4-7

5-4-7 rkfydk 5-4-7 esa ‚kqdz f}rh; Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk rFkk uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-4-8 (‚kfu)

xzkQ & 5-4-8

5-4-8 rkfydk 5-4-8 esa ‚kfu f}rh; o r`rh; Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; thou rFkk lIre Hkko esa vlq[kn nkEiR; thou o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

lq[kn izfr‛kr

vlq[kn izfr‛kr

& 5-4-9 (jkgq)

xzkQ & 5-4-9

5-4-9 rkfydk 5-4-9 esa jkgq uoe Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; thou o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

5-5 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa 1280 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pfyr Hkkodq.M+fy;ksa esa lHkh xzgksa dh

Hkkoxr fLFkfr dks n‛kkZ;k x;k gSA bu iq#’k tkrdksa esa 563 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn rFkk 717 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gSA izR;sd Hkko esa xzgksa dh x.kuk ds lkFk izfr‛kr Hkh fn;k x;k gSA

izfr‛kr

izfr‛kr

& 5-5-1

5-5-1 pfyr dq.Myh esa o`f‛pd jkf‛k nkEiR; thou ds fy, lq[kn o es’k jkf‛k

vlq[kn gSA

vlq[kn izfr‛kr

& 5-5-2 (lw;Z)

5-5-2 pfyr dq.Myh esa lw;Z f}rh; Hkko esa lq[kn rFkk ‘k’B] ,dkn‛k o lIre Hkko esa vlq[kn nkEiR; thou nsrk gSA

5-5-3 pfyr dq.Myh esa pUnzek n‛ke Hkko esa vlq[kn nkEiR; thou rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

5-5-4 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pfyr dq.Myh esa eaxy izFke o f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk

lIre] v’Ve Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

vlq[kn izfr‛kr

5-5-5 pfyr dq.Myh esa cq/k izFke] f}rh;] r`rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk o lIre] v’Ve Hkko esa

v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

xzkQ & 5-5-6

5-5-6 pfyr dq.Myh esa c`gLifr prqFkZ Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk ‘k’B Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk

gS rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-5-7 (‚kqdz)

& 5-5-7

5-5-7 pfyr dq.Myh esa ‚kqdz f}rh;] r`rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk v’Ve Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-5-8 (‚kfu)

xzkQ & 5-5-8

5-5-8 iq#’k tkrdksa dh Hkko pfyr dq.Myh esa ‚kfu f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk] lIre o

}kn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

izfr‛kr

& 5-5-9 (jkgq) xzkQ & 5-5-9

5-5-9 pfyr dq.Myh esa jkgq uoe Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

5-6 L=h tkrdksa dh pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa 1143 L=h tkrdksa dh pfyr Hkko dq.M+fy;ksa esa lHkh xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr dks n‛kkZ;k x;k gSA bu L=h tkrdksa esa 481 tkrdksa dk nkEiR;

thou lq[kn rFkk 662 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gSA izR;sd Hkko esa xzgksa

dh x.kuk ds lkFk izfr‛kr Hkh fn;k x;k gSA

& 5-6-1 (yXu)

& 5-6-1 5-6-1 pfyr dq.Myh esa pfyr yXu esa es’k] dU;k o ehu

xzkQ & 5-6-2

5-6-2 L=h tkrdksa dh pfyr dq.Myh esa lw;Z izFke] f}rh;] ,dkn‛k o }kn‛k Hkko esa

‚kqHk Qy o n‛ke Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy feyrk gSA

izfr‛kr

& 5-6-3 (

)

& 5-6-3

5-6-3 L=h tkrdksa dh pfyr dq.Myh esa pUnzek }kn‛k o r`rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk] ‘k’B

Hkko esa v‛kqHk o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy feyrk gSA

&

(

) xzkQ & 5-6-4

5-6-4 L=h tkrdksa dh pfyr dq.Myh esa eaxy f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy nsrk gS o

Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gS] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy feyrk gSA

izfr‛kr

vlq[kn izfr‛kr

& 5-6-5 (

)

xzkQ & 5-6-5

5-6-5 L=h tkrdksa dh pfyr dq.Myh esa ,dkn‛k o }kn‛k Hkkoksa esa ‚kqHk Qy o uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy feyrk gSA

&

(

) xzkQ & 5-6-6

5-6-6 L=h tkrdksa dh pfyr dq.Myh esa c`gLifr iape] f}rh; o r`rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHkQy] lIre] uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

rkfydk & 5-6-7 (‚kqdz)

xzkQ & 5-6-7

5-6-8 L=h tkrdksa

& 5-6-9

5-6-9 L=h tkrdksa dh pfyr dq.Myh esa jkgq iape] v’Ve o uoe Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy

rFkk lIre] r`rh; o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

5-7 pUnz dq.Myh esa yXuxr jkf‛k o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa 2423 tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.M+fy;ksa esa lHkh xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr dks n‛kkZ;k x;k gSA bu tkrdksa esa 1044 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn rFkk

1379 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gSA pUnzdq.Myh ls izR;sd Hkko esa xzgksa dh x.kuk ds lkFk izfr‛kr Hkh fn;k x;k gSA

& 5-7-1 (yXu)

& 5-7-1

5-7-1 pUnz dq.Myh ds yXu esa es’k o edj jkf‛k lq[kn nkEiR; thou dqEHk vkSj ehu jkf‛k vlq[kn nkEiR; thou iznku djrh gSA

5-7-2 pUnz dq.Myh eas lw;Z f}rh; o }kn‛k

o yXu esa lw;Z v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gS] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-7-4 (eaxy)

&

5-7-4 pUnz dq.Myh esa eaxy v’Ve Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy o uoe o r`rh; Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

vlq[kn izfr‛kr

&

(

)

5-7-5 pUnz dq.Myh eas cq/k f}rh;] v’Ve o }kn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk uoe] n‛ke o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa cq/k lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

vlq[kn izfr‛kr

& 5-7-6 (xq:)

& 5-7-6

5-7-6 pUnz dq.Myh esa c`gLifr f}rh; Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy] lIre Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk ‘k’B Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-7-7 (‚kqdz) xzkQ & 5-7-7

5-7-7 pUnz dq.Myh ls ‚kqdz prqFkZ o }kn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy] iape o n‛ke Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

izfr‛kr

& 5-7-8 (‚kfu)

xzkQ & 5-7-8

5-7-8 pUnz dq.Myh ls ‚kfu ,dkn‛k o ‘k’B Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy] izFke Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‛kqHk o prqFkZ o }kn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

lq[kn izfr‛kr

rkfydk & 5-7-9 (jkgq)

xzkQ & 5-7-9

5-7-9 pUnz dq.Myh ls jkgq lIre o n‛ke Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy] prqFkZ] v’Ve o }kn‛k

Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

5-8 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa 1280 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.M+fy;ksa esa lHkh xzgksa dh Hkkoxr

fLFkfr dks n‛kkZ;k x;k gSA bu tkrdksa esa 563 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn

rFkk 717 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gSA pUnzdq.Myh ls izR;sd Hkko esa xzgksa dh x.kuk ds lkFk izfr‛kr Hkh fn;k x;k gSA

5-8-1 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh ds yXu esa

xzkQ & 5-8-2

5-8-2 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh ls lq;Z f}rh; Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk] izFke o

}kn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk n‛ke] ,dkn‛k] iape o prqFkZ Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy o

‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

5-8-4 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa eaxy v’Ve

o uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkko esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

xzkQ & 5-8-5

5-8-5 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa cq/k izFke o f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkko esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-8-6 (xq:)

& 5-8-6

5-8-6 iq#’k

Qy rFkk ,dkn‛k Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gS rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

xzkQ & 5-8-7

5-8-7 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa ‚kqdz izFke o }kn‛k o ‘k’B Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk iape Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‛kqHk] v’Ve o uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkokas esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

rkfydk & 5-8-8 (‚kfu)

xzkQ & 5-8-8

5-8-8 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa ‚kfu ‘k’B] ,dkn‛k o f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk lIre o v’Ve o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkko esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-8-9

5-8-9 iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa jkgq f}rh; o n‛ke Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk

r`rh; Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‛kqHk nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkko esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

5-9 L=h tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa 1143 L=h tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.M+fy;ksa esa lHkh xzgksa dh Hkkoxr

fLFkfr dks n‛kkZ;k x;k gSA bu tkrdksa esa 481 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn

rFkk 662 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gSA pUnzdq.Myh ls izR;sd Hkko esa xzgksa

dh x.kuk ds lkFk izfr‛kr Hkh fn;k x;k gSA

izfr‛kr

& 5-9-1 (yXu)

& 5-9-1

5-9-1 L=h tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myhs ds yXu esa es’k] o`’k o ddZ jkf‛k ‚kqHk Qy nsrh gS

rFkk flag jkf‛k v‛kqHk Qy nsrh gSA ‚ks’k jkf‛k;ka lkekU; Qy nsrh gSA

& 5-9-2 (lw;Z)

rkfydk & 5-9-4 (eaxy)

xzkQ & 5-9-4

5-9-4 L=h tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myhs esa eaxy ‘k’B] lIre o v’Ve esa lkekU; ‚kqHk

Qy rFkk uoe o }kn‛k Hkko esa lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-9-5 (cq/k)

xzkQ & 5-9-5

5-9-5 L=h tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myhs esa cq/k izFke o n‛ke Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy o ‘k’B

Hkko esa lkekU; ‛kqHk Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-9-6 (

) xzkQ & 5-9-6

5-9-6 L=h tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myhs esa xq: f}rh; Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‛kqHk Qy o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-9-7 (‚kqdz)

xzkQ & 5-9-7

5-9-7 L=h tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myhs esa ‚kqdz prqFkZ Hkko esa ‛kqHk Qy o izFke] n‛ke o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

&

(‚kfu

& 5-9-8

5-9-8 L=h tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myhs esa ‚kfu izFke f}rh; o prqFkZ Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy o r`rh; Hkko esa ‛kqHk Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

&

(

xzkQ & 5-9-9

5-9-9 L=h tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myhs esa jkgq lIre] r`rh; o izFke Hkko esa ‛kqHk Qy rFkk prqFkZ o }kn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

5-10 tUe uoka‛kxr jkf‛k o }kn‛k Hkkoksa esa xzgksa dk izHkko

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa 2423 tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.M+fy;ksa esa lHkh xzgksa dh Hkkoxr

fLFkfr dks n‛kkZ;k x;k gSA bu tkrdksa esa 1044 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn

rFkk 1379 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gSA uoka‛k dq.Myh ls izR;sd Hkko esa

xzgksa dh x.kuk ds lkFk izfr‛kr Hkh fn;k x;k gSA

izfr‛kr

izfr‛kr

& 5-10-1

5-10-1 uoka‛k dq.Myh

lkekU; Qy nsrh gSA

& 5-10-2 (lw;Z)

5-10-2 uoka‛k dq.Myh esa lw;Z uoe o ‘k’B Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk] prqFkZ o n‛ke Hkko esa

lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

5-10-3 uoka‛k dq.Myh esa pUnzek f}rh;

,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-10-4

5-10-4 uoka‛k dq.Myh esa eaxy f}rh;] v’Ve o prqFkZ Hkko esa ‚kqHk] izFke] n‛ke o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-10-5 (

)

& 5-10-5

5-10-5 uoka‛k dq.Myh esa cq/k ‘k’B o f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk] uoe o }kn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

izfr‛kr

& 5-10-6 (xq:)

& 5-10-6

5-10-6 uoka‛k dq.Myh esa c`gLifr r`rh; o uoe Hkko esa lkekU; v‚kqHk rFkk ,dkn‛k

Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-10-7 (‚kqdz)

5-10-7 uoka‛k dq.Myh esa ‚kqdz uoe Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy o izFke] lIre o v’Ve Hkkoksa esa lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

vlq[kn izfr‛kr

xzkQ & 5-10-8

5-10-8 uoka‛k dq.Myh esa ‚kfu r`rh; o f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy] izFke Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

vlq[kn izfr‛kr

& 5-10-9 (jkgq)

xzkQ & 5-10-9

5-10-9 uoka‛k dq.Myh esa jkgq r`rh; o }kn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHkQy o izFke Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‛kqHk Qy lIre o n‛ke Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

5-11 iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa 1280 iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.M+fy;ksa esa lHkh xzgksa dh

Hkkoxr fLFkfr dks n‛kkZ;k x;k gSA bu tkrdksa esa 563 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou

lq[kn rFkk 717 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gSA uoka‛k dq.Myh ls izR;sd

Hkko esa xzgksa dh x.kuk ds lkFk izfr‛kr Hkh fn;k x;k gSA

xzkQ & 5-11-2

5-11-2 iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa lw;Z uoe Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy rFkk

‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lq;Z lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

vlq[kn izfr‛kr

& 5-11-3 (pUnz) xzkQ & 5-11-3

5-11-3 iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa pUnzek f}rh; o uoe Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy rFkk ‘k’B] prqFkZ] ,dkn‛k o izFke Hkkoksa esa lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy iznku djrk gSA

& 5-11-4 (eaxy) xzkQ & 5-11-4

5-11-4 iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa eaxy f}rh; Hkko

& 5-11-5 (cq/k)

xzkQ & 5-11-5

5-11-5 iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa cq/k f}rh; Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy rFkk

uoe o prqFkZ Hkkoksa esa lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa cq/k lkekU; Qy

xzkQ & 5-11-7

5-11-7 iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa ‚kqdz izFke] f}rh; o lIre Hkko esa

lkekU; v‚kqHk Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa ‚kqdz lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

&

(‚kfu)

& 5-11-8

5-11-8 iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa ‚kfu iape] r`rh; o v’Ve Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy rFkk izFke o ‘k’B Hkkoksa esa lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-11-9

5-11-9 iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa jkgq izFke Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‚kqHk Qy rFkk

}kn‛k Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

5-12 L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa 1143 L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.M+fy;ksa esa lHkh xzgk dh

Hkkoxr fLFkfr dks n‛kkZ;k x;k gSA bu tkrdksa esa 481 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn rFkk 662 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gSA uoka‛k dq.Myh ls izR;sd

Hkko esa xzgksa dh x.kuk ds lkFk izfr‛kr Hkh fn;k x;k gSA

&

& 5-12-1

5-12-3 L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa pUnzek n‛ke Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy] uoe o ,dkn‛k Hkkoksa esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

5-12-4 L=h tkrdksa

5-12-5 L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa cq/k ‘k’B Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy] uoe] }kn‛k o n‛ke Hkkoksa esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

& 5-12-6 (xq:)

&

L=h tkrdksa

,dkn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy] uoe o

Hkkoksa esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

lq[kn

& 5-12-7 (‚kqdz)

xzkQ & 5-12-7

xzkQ & 5-12-9

5-12-9 L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa jkgq f}rh;] r`rh; o }kn‛k Hkkoksa esa ‚kqHk Qy] v’Ve] lIre o ,dkn‛k Hkkoksa esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

5-13 ukWu&ekaxfyd o ekaxfyd tkrdksa ds nkEiR; thou ij eaxy dk izHkko

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk fookg ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h

tkrd rFkk ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls fd;k tkrk gS rks muds lq[kn&vlq[kn nkEiR; thou dh x.kuk o izfr‛kr iznf‛kZr fd;k x;k gSA

blh izdkj ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls rFkk

ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls fookg ds i‛pkr~ lq[kn o vlq[kn nkEiR; thou dk fooj.k fn;k x;k gSA ;g izfdz;k tUe dq.Myh ds

lkFk&lkFk pfyr Hkko dq.Myh] pUnz dq.Myh o uoka‛k dq.Myh ds vuqlkj Hkh nh

xbZ gSA

& 5-13-1

& 5-13-2

& 5-13-3

5-13-1 mijksDr rkfydk esa 837 nEifr;ksa dh tUedq.Mfy;ksa dk fo‛ys’k.k gS] ftuesa 460 nEifr;ksa dk thou lq[kn rFkk 377 nEifr;ksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn jgk gSA mijksDr rkfydk esa 288 nEifRk;ksa tks nksuksa ukWu&ekaxfyd gaS ftuesa ls 162

nEifr;ksa dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn rFkk 126 nEifr;ksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn

jgk gS] og fn[kk;k x;k gSA blh izdkj ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk fookg

ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls ftudh la[;k 179 gS ftuesa 92 dk lq[kn nkEiR; thou o 87 nEifr;ksa dk vlq[kn nkEiR; thou gSA ;g fo‛ys’k.k tkrdksa dh

tUedq.Myh ds vuqlkj gSA

5-13-2 rkfydk 5-13-2 esa ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd

ftudk eaxy f}rh;] r`rh;] iape] ‘k’B] uoe] n‛ke o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gS mudk

vyx&vyx ls lq[kn vkSj vlq[kn nkEiR; thou dk x.kuk o izfr‛kr dk C;kSjk

fn;k x;k gSA ;g izfdz;k tUedq.Myh ds vuqlkj gSA

ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd f}rh;] r`rh; o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa ftudk eaxy gS] mu

L=h tkrdksa ls fd;k tk, lq[kn nkEiR; thou ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gksrk gSA

5-13-3 rkfydk 5-13-3 esa tUedq.Myh ds vuqlkj ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk

fookg ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls fd;k tkrk gS ftldk eaxy izFke] prqFkZ] v’Ve o

}kn‛k Hkkoksa esa gS] mlds lq[kn o vlq[kn nkEiR; thou dk o.kZu vyx&vyx

Hkkoksa ds vuqlkj fy;k x;k gSA

ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk fookg lIre Hkkoxr eaxy okys L=h tkrd ls fd;k tkrk gS rks dqN lq[kn nkEiR; thou vU;Fkk ;fn izFke] prqFkZ] v’Ve o

}kn‛k Hkkoxr eaxy ls fd;k tk, rks vlq[kn nkEiR; thou gksrk gSA

& 5-13-4

& 5-13-5

& 5-13-6

5-13-4 rkfydk 5-13-4 esa ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd ;k

ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls fd;k tk, rks mlds lq[kn o vlq[kn nkEiR; thou dk

fooj.k fn;k x;k gSA

mijksDr rkfydk esa 195 nEifr ftuesa iq#’k tkrd ekaxfyd o L=h tkrd

ukWu&ekaxfyd gS] buesa 104 nEifr;ksa dk thou lq[kn o 91 nEifr;ksa dk vlq[kn

jgk gS] blhizdkj 175 nEifr ftuesa iq#’k o L=h tkrd nksuksa gh ekaxfyd gS buesa 102 dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn o 73 nEifr;ksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn jgk gSA

5-13-5 rkfydk 5-13-5 esa ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd

ftudk eaxy f}rh;] r`rh;] iape] ‘k’B] uoe] n‛ke o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gS mudk

vyx&vyx ls lq[kn vkSj vlq[kn nkEiR; thou dh x.kuk o izfr‛kr dk C;kSjk fn;k x;k gSA ;g izfdz;k tUedq.Myh ds vuqlkj gSA

ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ;fn ,sls L=h tkrd ls fookg djrs gSa ftudk eaxy f}rh;]

r`rh; o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gS] muls fd;k tk, lq[kn nkEiR; thou rFkk iape] ‘k’B]

uoe o n‛ke Hkkoxr eaxy okys L=h tkrd ls fd;k tk, rks vlq[kn nkEiR; thou gksrk gSA

5-13-6 rkfydk 5-13-6 esa ;fn ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk fookg ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls fd;k tk, rks ftl L=h tkrd dk lIre Hkko esa eaxy gks rks fookg lq[kn o ‚ks’k Hkko izFke] prqFkZ] v’Ve o }kn‛k Hkko esa nkEiR; thou lkekU; jgrk gSA

5-14- ekaxfyd o ukWu&ekaxfyd tkrdksa ds nkEiR; thou ij eaxy dk izHkko

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd o

ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls rFkk ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd o

ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls djus ij muds lq[kn o vlq[kn nkEiR; thou dh

x.kuk o izfr‛kr fn;k x;k gSA

& 5-14-1

5-14-1 mijksDr rkfydk esa ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd

iq#’k tkrd ls djsa rks oSokfgd thou lq[kn o ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk

fookg ekaxfyd iq#’k ls djsa rks nkEiR; dqN vlq[kn gksrk gSA

5-14-2 rkfydk 5-14-2 esa ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls djus ij ;fn iq#’k tkrd dh tUedq.Myh esa eaxy r`rh;] ‘k’B] n‛ke o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk eaxy f}rh;] iape o uoe Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gksrk gSA

5-14-3 rkfydk 5-14-3 esa ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls djus ij ;fn iq#’k tkrd dh tUedq.Myh esa eaxy izFke Hkko esa gks nkEiR;

iq#’k tkrd ls djsa rks oSokfgd thou vlq[kn o ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ekaxfyd iq#’k ls djsa rks nkEiR; dqN lq[kn gksrk gSA

5-14-5 rkfydk 5-14-5 esa ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls djus ij ;fn iq#’k tkrd dh tUedq.Myh esa eaxy f}rh;] ,dkn‛k o iape Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk eaxy r`rh;] ‘k’B] n‛ke o uoe Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gksrk gSA

5-14-6 rkfydk 5-14-6 esa ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls djus ij ;fn iq#’k tkrd dh tUedq.Myh esa eaxy izFke] prqFkZ o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou lq[kn rFkk lIre o v’Ve Hkko esa gks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gksrk gSA

5-15 fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa 837 nEifr;ksa dh pfyr Hkkodq.Mfy;ksa dk fo‛ys’k.k gS]

ftuesa 460 nEifr;ksa dk thou lq[kn rFkk 377 nEifr;ksa dk nkEiR; thou

vlq[kn jgk gSA

& 5-15-1

& 5-15-2

5-15-1 rkfydk 5-15-1 esa ;fn pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k

tkrd ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls fookg djas rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn rFkk

pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls fookg dksa rks dqN lq[kn

nkEiR; thou gksrk gSA

5-15-2 rkfydk 5-15-2 esa ;fn pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k

tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls djus ij ;fn L=h tkrd dh

pfyr Hkkodq.Myh esa eaxy ,dkn‛k o r`rh;] Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou lq[kn

rFkk eaxy iape o uoe Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gksrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkko esa

lkekU; Qy feyrk gSA

5-15-3 rkfydk 5-15-3 esa ;fn pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k

tkrd dk fookg ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls djus ij ;fn L=h tkrd dh pfyr

izFke

5-15-4 mijksDr rkfydk 5-15-4 esa pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls djsa rks oSokfgd thou lkekU; rFkk pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ds lkFk fd;k tk, rks nkEiR; dqN lq[kn gksrk gSA

5-15-5 rkfydk 5-15-5 esa pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls djus ij ;fn L=h tkrd dh tUedq.Myh esa eaxy f}rh;] r`rh;] ‘k’B o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk eaxy iape] n‛ke o uoe Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gksrk gSA

5-15-6 rkfydk 5-15-6 esa pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk fookg ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls djus ij ;fn L=h tkrd dh pfyr Hkkodq.Myh esa eaxy f}rh; o v’Ve Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk prqFkZ] lIre o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks nkEiR; thou dk fefJr Qy gksrk gSA

& 5-16-1 xzkQ & 5-16-2

& 5-16-3

5-16-1 rkfydk 5-16-1 esa pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h

tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls gksrk gS rks nkEikR; thou vlq[kn

jgrk gS rFkk pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls gksrk gS rks

nkEiR; thou fefJr Qy nsrk gSA

5-16-2 rkfydk 5-16-2 esa pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h

tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls ftudk eaxy ,dkn‛k] f}rh;]

r`rh; o iape Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn rFkk ‘k’B] uoe o n‛ke Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou fefJr jgrk gSA

5-16-3 rkfydk 5-16-3 esa pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h

tkrd dk fookg ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls ftudk eaxy izFke Hkko esa gks rks

nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk lIre esa gks rks vlq[kn gksrk gSA

& 5-16-4

5-16-4 rkfydk 5-16-4 esa pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls gks rks nkEiR; thou fefJr rFkk ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls gks rks dqN lq[kn nkEiR; thou gksrk gSA

5-16-5 rkfydk 5-16-5 esa pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk

fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls ftudk eaxy f}rh;] n‛ke o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk ‛ks’k Hkko r`rh;] iape] ‘k’B o uoe esa gks rks nkEiR; thou fefJr jgrk gSA

5-16-6 rkfydk 5-16-6 esa pfyr Hkkodq.Myh ds

fookg ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls ftudk eaxy izFke] f}rh; Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk ‚ks’k Hkko

gksrk gSA

5-17-1

& 5-17-1

& 5-17-2

& 5-17-3

5-17-1 rkfydk 5-17-1 esa pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk

fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls gksrk gS rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn jgrk gS

rFkk pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls gksrk gS rks nkEiR; thou

fefJr Qy nsrk gSA

5-17-2 rkfydk 5-17-2 esa pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk

fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls ftudk eaxy f}rh;] ,dkn‛k o r`rh; Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn rFkk ‚ks’k Hkko iape] ‘k’B] uoe o n‛ke Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou fefJr jgrk gSA

5-17-3 rkfydk 5-17-3 esa pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk

fookg ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls ftudk eaxy izFke Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn rFkk lIre esa gks rks dqN lq[kn gksrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa prqFkZ] v’Ve o }kn‛k Hkkoksa esa fefJr Qy gksrk gSA

& 5-17-4

& 5-17-5

& 5-17-6

5-17-4 rkfydk 5-17-4 esa pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk

fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls gks rks nkEiR; thou lq[kn rFkk ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls gks rks lkekU; lq[kn nkEiR; thou gksrk gSA

5-17-5 rkfydk 5-17-5 esa pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk

fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls fd;k tk, rks nkEiR; thou lkekU;r% fefJr

Qy gh nsrk gSA

5-17-6 rkfydk 5-17-6 esa pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd

fookg ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls ftudk eaxy izFke] f}rh; o v’Ve Hkko esa gks rks

nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gksrk gSA

& 5-18-1

& 5-18-2

& 5-18-3

5-18-1 rkfydk 5-18-1 esa pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk

fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls gksrk gS rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn jgrk gS rFkk pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls gksrk gS rks nkEiR; thou

dqN lq[kn Qy nsrk gSA

5-18-2 rkfydk 5-18-2 esa pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk

fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls ftudk eaxy f}rh; Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou lq[kn rFkk ‚ks’k Hkko n‛ke] r`rh;] iape o ‘k’B Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou

vf/kdrj vlq[kn jgrk gSA uoe o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa fefJr Qy feyrs gSaA

5-18-3 rkfydk 5-18-3 esa pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk

fookg ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls ftudk eaxy v’Ve Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou lq[kn rFkk izFke] prqFkZ] lIre o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks fefJr Qy gksrk gSA

& 5-18-4

& 5-18-5

& 5-18-6

5-18-4 rkfydk 5-18-4 esa pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls gks rks nkEiR; thou fefJr Qy nsrk gS rFkk ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls gks rks dqN lq[kn nkEiR; thou gksrk gSA

5-18-5 rkfydk 5-18-5 esa pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk

fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls fd;k tk, rFkk eaxy r`rh;] n‛ke o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou lkekU;r% lq[kn rFkk eaxy ‘k’B] uoe o f}rh; Hkko esa gks rks vlq[kn Qy izkIr gksrk gSA iape Hkko esa fefJr Qy izkIr gksrk gSA

5-18-6 rkfydk 5-18-6 esa pUnzdq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls ftudk eaxy izFke o prqFkZ Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk izFke] lIre] v’Ve o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou fefJr Qy gksrk gSA

5-19-1 rkfydk 5-19-1 esa uoka‛k dq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd

dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ;k ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls gksrk gS rks

nkEiR; thou fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

5-19-2 rkfydk 5-19-2 esa uoka‛k dq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd

dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls ftudk eaxy f}rh;] iape o ,dkn‛k Hkko

esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk ‚ks’k Hkko r`rh;] n‛ke Hkko esa gks rks

nkEiR; thou vlq[kn jgrk gSA ‘k’B o uoe Hkko esa fefJr Qy feyrs gSaA

5-19-3 rkfydk 5-19-3 esa uoka‛k dq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk fookg ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls ftudk eaxy prqFkZ o v’Ve Hkko esa gks rks

nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk izFke] lIre o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks vlq[kn

nkEiR; thou jgrk gSA

5-19-4

5-19-5

5-19-6

& 5-19-4

5-19-4 rkfydk 5-19-4 esa uoka‛k dq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd ;k ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls gks rks nkEiR; thou fefJr Qy nsrk gSA

5-19-5 rkfydk 5-19-5 esa uoka‛k dq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk

fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls fd;k tk, rFkk eaxy f}rh; o r`rh; Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou lkekU;r% lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy ,dkn‛k] n‛ke o iape Hkko esa gks rks dqN vlq[kn Qy izkIr gksrk gSA ‘k’B o uoe Hkko esa fefJr Qy izkIr gksrk gSA

5-19-6 rkfydk 5-19-6 esa uoka‛k dq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd dk fookg ekaxfyd L=h tkrd ls ftudk eaxy izFke o v’Ve Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk lIre Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN vlq[kn rFkk prqFkZ o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks fefJr Qy gksrk gSA

& 5-20-1

&

5-20-1 rkfydk 5-20-1 esa uoka‛k dq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd ;k ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls fd;k tk, rks nkEiR; thou fefJr Qy gksrk gSA

5-20-2 rkfydk 5-20-2 esa uoka‛k dq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls ftudk eaxy iape o ‘k’B Hkko esa gks rks

nkEiR; thou vlq[kn rFkk ‚ks’k Hkko f}rh;] r`rh;] uoe]n‛ke o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks lkekU;r% ‚kqHk Qy izkIr gksrk gSA

5-20-3 rkfydk 5-20-3 esa uoka‛k dq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd L=h

dk fookg ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls ftudk eaxy izFke Hkko esa gks rks vlq[kn

nkEiR; thou rFkk prqFkZ] lIre] v’Ve o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks fefJr Qy izkIr gksrk gSA

& 5-20-4

5-20-4 rkfydk 5-20-4 esa uoka‛k dq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd ;k ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls gks rks nkEiR; thou fefJr Qy nsrk gSA

5-20-5 rkfydk 5-20-5 esa uoka‛k dq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk

fookg ukWu&ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls fd;k tk, rFkk eaxy f}rh; o iape Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou lkekU;r% lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy n‛ke Hkko esa gks rks vlq[kn

Qy izkIr gksrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkko r`rh;] ‘k’B] uoe o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks fefJr

Qy izkIr gksrk gSA

5-20-6 rkfydk 5-20-6 esa uoka‛k dq.Myh ds vuqlkj ;fn ekaxfyd L=h tkrd dk

fookg ekaxfyd iq#’k tkrd ls ftudk eaxy izFke o v’Ve Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk }kn‛k Hkko esa vlq[kn nkEiR; thou gksrk gSA ‚ks’k ekaxfyd

Hkko prqFkZ o lIre Hkko esa gks rks fefJr Qy gksrk gSA

5-21 fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa ;fn iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy izFke Hkko ls }kn‛k Hkko rd

vyx&vyx Hkkoksa esa fLFkr gks rFkk L=h tkrd dk eaxy tUe yXu ds vuqlkj

}kn‛k Hkko esa vyx&vyx x.kuk rFkk mudk izfr‛kr n‛kkZ;k x;k gSA tSls

rkfydk 5-21-1 esa iq#’k tkrd eaxy ;fn izFke Hkko esa gS rks L=h tkrd ds eaxy

dh vyx&vyx Hkkoksa esa mudh x.kuk rFkk muds izfr‛kr x.kuk dk C;kSjk gSA

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa eaxy dh Hkkoxr la[;k vR;kf/kd de gksu ls fdlh fo‛ks’k

ifj.kke ij ughsa igqapk tk ldrkA

& 5-21-1

& 5-21-1

5-21-1 rkfydk 5-21-1 esa ;fn iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy izFke Hkko

tkrd dk eaxy f}rh; rFkk lIre Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy }kn‛k o ‘k’B Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr

Qy jgrk gSA

& 5-21-2

& 5-21-2

5-21-2 rkfydk 5-21-2 esa ;fn iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy f}rh; Hkko esa gks rFkk L=h

tkrd dk eaxy r`rh; rFkk lIre Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy uoe] n‛ke o f}rh; Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa

fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

& 5-21-3 xzkQ & 5-21-3

5-21-3 rkfydk 5-21-3 esa ;fn iq#’k tkrd

lq[kn

rFkk ;fn eaxy }kn‛k] lIre o v’Ve Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

lq[kn la[;k 41

lq[kn izfr‛kr

izfr‛kr

& 5-21-4

xzkQ & 5-21-4

5-21-4 rkfydk 5-21-4 esa ;fn iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy prqFkZ Hkko esa gks rFkk L=h

tkrd dk eaxy f}rh; Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou fo‛ks’k vlq[kn rFkk ;fn

eaxy f}rh; o r`rh; Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr

Qy jgrk gSA

& 5-21-5

xzkQ & 5-21-5

5-21-5 rkfydk 5-21-5 esa ;fn iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy iape Hkko esa gks rFkk L=h

tkrd dk eaxy izFke] lIre] v’Ve o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN

lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy prqFkZ] lIre o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn]

‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

lq[kn

&

& 5-21-6

dk eaxy r`rh;] uoe o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy prqFkZ] ‘k’B o v’Ve Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa

fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

vlq[kn izfr‛kr

xzkQ & 5-21-7

5-21-7 rkfydk 5-21-7 esa ;fn iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy lIre Hkko esa gks rFkk L=h

tkrd dk eaxy ‘k’B rFkk ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy n‛ke Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr Qy

jgrk gSA

rkfydk & 5-21-8

xzkQ & 5-21-8

5-21-8 rkfydk 5-21-8 esa ;fn iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy v’Ve Hkko esa gks rFkk L=h

tkrd dk eaxy f}rh;] ‘k’B rFkk ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn

rFkk ;fn eaxy v’Ve Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr

Qy jgrk gSA

rkfydk & 5-21-9

xzkQ & 5-21-9

tkrd dk eaxy v’Ve] n‛ke o r`rh; Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn

rFkk ;fn eaxy iape o uoe Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa

fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

xzkQ & 5-21-10

5-21-10 rkfydk 5-21-10 esa ;fn iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy n‛ke Hkko esa gks rFkk L=h

tkrd dk eaxy f}rh; rFkk }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk

;fn eaxy ‘k’B o v’Ve Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr

Qy jgrk gSA

& 5-21-11

xzkQ & 5-21-11

5-21-11 rkfydk 5-21-11 esa ;fn iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rFkk L=h

tkrd dk eaxy ,dkn‛k o lIre Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk

;fn eaxy uoe o n‛ke Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr

Qy jgrk gSA

& 5-21-12

5-21-12 rkfydk 5-21-12 esa ;fn iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rFkk L=h

tkrd dk eaxy f}rh;] lIre o v’Ve Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn

rFkk ;fn eaxy iape o ‘k’B Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa

fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

5-22 fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa ;fn L=h tkrd dk eaxy izFke Hkko ls }kn‛k Hkko rd

vyx&vyx Hkkoksa esa fLFkr gks rFkk iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy tUeyXu ds vuqlkj

}kn‛k Hkko esa vyx&vyx x.kuk rFkk mudk izfr‛kr n‛kkZ;k x;k gSA tSls

rkfydk 5-22-1 esa L=h tkrd eaxy ;fn izFke Hkko esa gS rks iq#’k tkrd ds eaxy

dh vyx&vyx Hkkoksa esa mudh x.kuk rFkk muds izfr‛kr x.kuk dk C;kSjk gSA

fuEu- rkfydkvksa esa eaxy dh Hkkoxr la[;k vR;kf/kd de gksus ls fdlh fo‛ks’k

ifj.kke ij ughsa igqapk tk ldrkA

rkfydk & 5-22-1

xzkQ & 5-22-1

5-22-1 rkfydk 22-1 esa ;fn L=h tkrd dk eaxy izFke Hkko esa gks rFkk iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy izFke o iape Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

izfr‛kr

& 5-22-2

xzkQ & 5-22-2

5-22-2 rkfydk 5-22-2 esa ;fn L=h tkrd dk eaxy f}rh; Hkko esa gks rFkk iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy izFke] n‛ke o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn

rFkk ;fn eaxy prqFkZ] ,dkn‛k o f}rh; Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k

Hkkoksa esa fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

lq[kn

lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy }kn‛k] lIre] v’Ve o iape Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn]

‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

xzkQ & 5-22-4

5-22-4 rkfydk 5-22-4 esa ;fn L=h tkrd dk eaxy prqFkZ Hkko esa gks rFkk iq#’k

tkrd dk eaxy prqFkZ o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy iape o ‘k’B Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr

Qy jgrk gSA

& 5-22-5

xzkQ & 5-22-5

5-22-5 rkfydk 5-22-5 esa ;fn L=h tkrd dk eaxy iape Hkko esa gks rFkk iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy izFke] ,dkn‛k] iape o ‘k’B Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN

lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy uoe o n‛ke Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k

Hkkoksa esa fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

dk eaxy lIre] v’Ve] uoe o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn

rFkk ;fn eaxy n‛ke Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr

Qy jgrk gSA

vlq[kn izfr‛kr

& 5-22-7

xzkQ & 5-22-7

5-22-7 rkfydk 5-22-7 esa ;fn L=h tkrd dk eaxy lIre Hkko esa gks rFkk iq#’k

tkrd dk eaxy izFke] f}rh;] ‘k’B rFkk ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN

lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy r`rh;] uoe o n‛ke Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

& 5-22-8

xzkQ & 5-22-8

5-22-8 rkfydk 5-22-8 esa ;fn L=h tkrd dk eaxy v’Ve Hkko esa gks rFkk iq#’k tkrd dk eaxy uoe Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy v’Ve o n‛ke Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

xzkQ & 5-22-9

5-22-9 rkfydk 5-22-9 esa ;fn L=h tkrd dk eaxy uoe Hkko esa gks rFkk iq#’k

tkrd dk eaxy ‘k’B] n‛ke] r`rh; o prqFkZ Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN

lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy iape o uoe Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k

Hkkoksa esa fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

xzkQ & 5-22-10

5-22-10 rkfydk 5-22-10 esa ;fn L=h tkrd dk eaxy n‛ke Hkko esa gks rFkk iq#’k

tkrd dk eaxy r`rh; uoe Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn rFkk ;fn

eaxy lIre o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa fefJr

Qy jgrk gSA

rkfydk & 5-22-11

xzkQ & 5-22-11

5-22-11 rkfydk 5-22-11 esa ;fn L=h tkrd dk eaxy ,dkn‛k Hkko esa gks rFkk iq#’k

tkrd dk eaxy ,dkn‛k] v’Ve o r`rh; Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN lq[kn

rFkk ;fn eaxy uoe] izFke o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k

Hkkoksa esa fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

rkfydk & 5-22-12

xzkQ & 5-22-12

5-22-12 rkfydk 22-12 esa ;fn L=h tkrd dk eaxy }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rFkk iq#’k

tkrd dk eaxy prqFkZ] n‛ke] ,dkn‛k o }kn‛k Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou dqN

lq[kn rFkk ;fn eaxy r`rh; o iape Hkko esa gks rks nkEiR; thou vlq[kn] ‚ks’k

Hkkoksa esa fefJr Qy jgrk gSA

5-23 fuEu- rkfydkvksa }kjk yXu] pfyr Hkko dq.Myh] pUnzdq.Myh rFkk uoka”k

dq.Mfy;ksa ds yXu esa jkf”k;ka rFkk Hkkoksa esa xzgksa dh fLFkfr dk Chi2-Test n”kkZ;k x;k gSA

5-23-1- yXudq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa esa jkf”k o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

5-23-2 iq#’k tkrdksa dh yXudq.Myh

5-23-3 L=h tkrdksa dh yXudq.Myh ds }kn”k Hkkoksa esa jkf”k o xzgksa dh Hkkoxr fLFkfrA

fLFkfrA

fLFkfrA

fookg esykid esa eaxy nks’k dk izHkko

5-24 fuEu- “kks/k eas geus 2423 tkrdksa dh tUedq.Mfy;ksa ij ikap izdkj ls v/;;u fd;k gSA “kks/k dk ifj.kke fuEu- izdkj ls gSA

5-24-1 izFke izdkj esa dqy tkrdksa dh la[;k 2423 gS] bu tkrdksa esa 1013 tkrd

eakxfyd gS rFkk 1410 tkrd ukWu&ekaxfyd gSA lkoZHkkSfed ;fn ns[kk tk, rks 12

Hkkoksa esa ls 5 Hkkoksa esa eaxy gksus ij ekaxfyd laKk gksrh gS rFkk mldk izfr”kr 4166% gksrk gS rFkk blh izdkj ukWu&ekaxfyd dk izfr”kr 58-33% gksrk gSA gekjs

izk:iksa esa lq[kn o vlq[kn ekaxfyd dk izfr”kr 41-80% gS rFkk ukWu&ekaxfyd dk

izfr”kr 58-20% gSA

mijksDr “kks/k esa 1044 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn gSa ftuesa 448 tkrd

ekaxfyd gSa] tks 42-9% gS] blh izdkj 1379 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gS

ftuesa ls 565 tkrd ekaxfyd gS] ekaxfyd tkrdksa dk vlq[kn izfr”kr 41-00% gSA

ukWu&ekaxfyd tkrdksa dk ;g izfr”kr 57-1% lq[kn nkEiR; thou o vlq[kn dk

izfr”kr 59-0% gSA

ekaxfyd ukWu&ekaxfyd

lkoZHkkSfed 41-66% 58-33% gekjs izk:iksa esa 41-80% 59-00%

lq[kn nkEiR; % 42-91% 57-088%

vlq[kn nkEiR; % 40-97% 59-028%

ManglikStatus

ManglikStatus * MarriedLifeStatus Crosstabulation

Each subscript letter denotes a subset of MarriedLifeStatus categories whose column proportions do not differ significantly from each other at the .05 level.

Chi-Square Tests

N of Valid Cases 2423

a. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 436.47.

b. Computed only for a 2x2 table

Symmetric Measures

N of Valid Cases 2423

a. Not assuming the null hypothesis.

b. Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

v/;;u ds vuqlkj ekaxfyd ;k ukWu&ekaxfyd dk nkEiR; thou ds

5-24-2 “kks/k ds nwljs izdkj esa 840 nEifr;ksa ds nkEiR; thou dk v/;;u fd;k

x;k gS ftuesa 463 nEifr;ksa dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn rFkk 377 nEifr;ksa dk

nkEiR; thou vlq[kn (fookg&foPNsn) gSA ftu nEifr;ksa esa ifr&iRuh nksuksa

ukWu&ekaxfyd gS muesa 155 nEifr;ksa dk nkEiR; lq[kn rFkk 134 nEifr;ksa dk

fookg&foPNsn gqvk gSA ftu nEifr;ksa esa ifr&iRuh nksuksa ekaxfyd gS] muesa 96

nEifr;ksa dk nkEiR; lq[kn o 68 nEifr;ksa dk vlq[kn gSA blh izdkj ftu

nEifr;ksa ifr&iRuh esa ls ,d ekaxfyd o nwljk ukWu&ekaxfyd gS muesa ls 212 nEifr;ksa dk nkEiR; lq[kn o 175 nEifr;ksa dk nkEiR; vlq[kn gSA dqy nEifr;ksa esa 55% dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn rFkk 44-9% dk nkEiR; vlq[kn gSA ftu

nEifr;ksa esa ifr&iRuh nksuksa ekaxfyd gS muesa 20-73%dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn

rFkk 18-03% dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gSA ukWu&ekaxfyd nEifr;ksa esa 33-48% dk

nkEiR; lq[kn o 33-54% dk nkEiR; vlq[kn gSA ftu nEifr;ksa esa ,d ekaxfyd o ,d ukWu&ekaxfyd gS muesa 45-78% dk nkEiR; lq[kn o 46-4191% dk nkEiR; vlq[kn gSA

Case Processing Summary

Manglik * MarriedLifeStatus Crosstabulation

Manglik Both Non-Manglik

One Manglik other Nonmanglik

Both Manglik

Each subscript letter denotes a subset of MarriedLifeStatus categories whose column proportions do not differ significantly from each other at the .05 level.

Chi-Square Tests

N of Valid Cases 840

a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 73.60.

Symmetric Measures

N of Valid Cases

a. Not assuming the null hypothesis.

b. Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

mijksDr v/;;u ds vuqlkj ekaxfyd dk ekaxfyd ls] ukWu&ekaxfyd dk

ukWu&ekaxfyd ls rFkk ifr&iRuh esa ,d ekaxfyd o vU; ukWu&ekaxfyd gksus ij

nkEiR; thou ds lq[kn ;k vlq[kn gksus esa dksbZ fo”ks’k vUrj ugha gSA

5-24-3- “kks/k ds rhljs izdkj esa nqljs izdkj ls dsoy ,d vUrj ;g gS fd ;fn

ukWu&ekaxfyd o ekaxfyd tkrd fookg djrs gS rks muesa ;fn ifr ekaxfyd gS

rFkk iRuh ukWu&ekaxfyd gS ;k ifr ukWu&ekaxfyd gS o iRuh ekaxfyd rks D;k

nkEiR; thou esa lq[kn ;k vlq[kn esa dksbZ fo”ks’k vUrj gksrk gSA fuEu- “kks/k esa ifr ekaxfyd o iRuh ukWu&ekaxfyd gksus ij 108 nEifr;ksa dk nkEiR; lq[kn o 87 nEifr;ksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn jgk rFkk ifr ukWu&ekaxfyd o iRuh

ekaxfyd gksus ij 104 dk nkEiR; lq[kn o 88 nEifr;ksa dk thou vlq[kn jgk gSA “kks/k ds ifj.kkeuqlkj ukWu&ekaxfyd ifr o ekaxfyd iRuh gksus ij 22-5% nkEiR; lq[kn o 23-3% vlq[kn jgk gSA blh izdkj ekaxfyd ifr o ukWu&ekaxfyd iRuh gksus ij 23-3% lq[kn nkEiR; o 23-1% vlq[kn nkEiR; thou jgk gSA nksuksa dk ;ksx djus ij ekaxfyd o ukWu&ekaxfyd nEifr;ksa esa 45-78% dk lq[kn nkEiR; o 46-41% dk vlq[kn nkEiR; jgk gSA

Manglik Status

Married life Status

Non Manglik (M )-Non Manglik (F) Happy

Non Manglik (M ) – Manglik (F) Happy 104

Manglik (M )- Non manglik (F) Happy 108

Manglik (M ) – Manglik (F) Happy 96

Non Manglik (M )-Non Manglik (F) Unhappy 134

Non Manglik (M ) – Manglik (F) Unhappy 88

Manglik (M )- Non manglik (F) Unhappy 87

Manglik (M ) – Manglik (F) Unhappy

Case Processing Summary

ManglikStatus * MarriedLifeStatus Crosstabulation

Each subscript letter denotes a subset of MarriedLifeStatus categories whose column proportions do not differ significantly from each other at the .05 level.

Chi-Square Tests

N of Valid Cases 840

a. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 73.60.

Symmetric Measures

a. Not assuming the null hypothesis.

b. Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

“kks/k ds vuqlkj ifr ekaxfyd o iRuh ukWu&ekaxfyd ;k ifr ukWu&ekaxfyd o

iRuh ekaxfyd gksus ij fookg ds lq[kn ;k vlq[kn gksus esa vyx ls dksbZ fo”ks’k

vUrj ugha gSA ;g iqokZsDr izdkj ls gh gSA

5-24-4- ekaxfyd Hkax ;ksx ;k ukWu&Hkax eaxy nks’k dk izHkko

izLrqr “kks/k esa ekaxfyd o ukWu&ekaxfyd ds nkEiR; thou esa ekaxfyd&nks’k Hkax gksus ij dksbZ fo”ks’k izHkko gksrk gS] dk v/;;u fd;k x;k gSA bl “kks/k esa ekaxfyd

o ukWu&ekaxfyd nEifr;ksa esa lq[kn la[;k 175 o vlq[kn la[;k 212 gS tks dqy 387 gSA bu lq[kn nkEiR; thou ds 175 nEifr;ksa esa 130 nEifr;ksa dk eaxy&Hkax

o 45 nEifr;ksa dk ukWu&Hkax gSA blh izdkj vlq[kn nkEiR; thou ds 212 nEifr;ksa esa 143 nEifr;ksa dh dq.Mfy;ksa esa eaxy&Hkax o 69 nEifr;ksa dh

tUedq.Mfy;ksa esa ekaxfyd&Hkax ;ksx ugha gSA vlq[kn nkEiR; thou esa

ekaxfyd&Hkax dk izfr”kr 74-3% gS rFkk 25-7% dh tUe dq.Mfy;ksa esa

ekaxfyd&Hkax ugha gSA lq[kn nkEiR; thou dh 67-5% nEifr;ksa dh tUe

dq.Mfy;ksa esa eaxy&Hkax gS rFkk 32-5% nEifr;ksa dh tUedq.Mfy;ksa esa

ekaxfyd&Hkax ugha gS

MarriedLifeStatus * BhangStatus Crosstabulation

Each subscript letter denotes a subset of BhangStatus categories whose column proportions do not differ significantly from each other at the .05 level.

Chi-Square Tests

a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 51.55.

b. Computed only for a 2x2 table

Symmetric Measures

N of Valid Cases 387

a. Not assuming the null hypothesis.

b. Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

5-24-5 iape izdkj dk ;g “kks/k blfy, fd;k x;k gS rkfd ;g ns[kk tk lds dh

D;k iq#’k tkrd ekaxfyd gksus o L=h tkrd ukWu&ekaxfyd gksus ij o ekaxfyd

tkrd dk eaxy Hkax vxj gks ;k iq#’k tkrd ukWu&ekaxfyd gksus o L=h tkrd

ekaxfyd gksus o ekaxfyd tkrd dk ekaxfyd Hkax gksus ij dksbZ fo”ks’k vUrj gksrk

gSA izLrqr “kks/k esa 387 nEifr;ksa ij fopkj fd;k x;k gaSA buesa ,d ekaxfyd o nwljk ukWu&ekaxfyd gSA bu nEifr;ksa esa 175 nEifr;ksa dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn o

212 tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou vlq[kn jgk gSA lq[k 175 nEifr;ksa esa 130 ekaxfyd tkrdksa dk eaxy Hkax gS rFkk 45 tkrdksa dk eaxy Hkax ugha gS] blh

izdkj vlq[kn nkEiR; thou ds 212 nEifr;ksa esa 143 ekaxfyd tkrdksa dk eaxy

nks’k&Hkax o 69 tkrdksa dk eaxy nks’k&Hkax ughsa gqvk gSA ukWu&Hkax nEifr;ksa esa

iq#’k tkrd ekaxfyd o L=h tkrd ukWu&ekaxfyd dh vlq[kn la[;k 21 gS rFkk

lq[kn la[;k 35 gSA ukWu&Hkax nEifr;ksa esa iq#’k tkrd ukWu&ekaxfyd o L=h

tkrd ekaxfyd dh vlq[kn la[;k 24 o lq[kn la[;k 34 gSA ftu nEifr;ksa esa

iq#’k tkrd ekaxfyd rFkk L=h tkrd ukWu&ekaxfyd gS rFkk ekaxfyd tkrd dk

eaxy Hkax gks x;k gS fd vlq[kn la[;k 66 gS rFkk lq[kn la[;k 73 gSA iq#’k

tkrd ukWu&ekaxfyd o L=h tkrd ekaxfyd rFkk ekaxfyd tkrd dk ekaxfyd

Hkax dh lq[kn la[;k 70 gS rFkk vlq[kn la[;k 64 gSA

BhangStatus * MarriedLifeStatus

(mangliknonmanglik)

Nonbhang (Nonmanglikmanglik)

BhangStatus

Bhang (manglik-nonmanglik)

Bhang (Nonmanglik-manglik)

Each subscript letter denotes a subset of MarriedLifeStatus categories whose column proportions do not differ significantly from each other at the .05 level.

Chi-Square Tests

N of Valid Cases

a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 25.32.

N of Valid Cases

Symmetric Measures

a. Not assuming the null hypothesis.

b. Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

ifj.kke & L=h tkrd ;k iq#’k tkrd dk ekaxfyd ;k ukWu&ekaxfyd rFkk

ekaxfyd Hkax gksus ij nkEiR; thou ds lq[kn ;k vlq[kn gksus dk dksbZ fo”ks’k

vUrj ugha ns[k x;kA

v/;k; 6

‚kks/k v/;;u dk ifj.kke] fu’d’kZ ,oa lq>ko

6-1 v/;;u dk ifj.kke

1- v/;;u ds vuqlkj ekaxfyd ;k ukWu&ekaxfyd dk nkEiR; thou ds lq[kn ;k

vlq[kn ij dksbZ izHkko n`f’Vxkspj ugha gqvk gSA

2- ekaxfyd dk ekaxfyd ls] ukWu&ekaxfyd dk ukWu&ekaxfyd rFkk ifr&iRuh esa ,d ekaxfyd o vU; ukWu&ekaxfyd gksus ls nkEiR; thou ds lq[kn ;k vlq[kn gksus esa dksbz fo‛ks’k vUrj ugha gSA

3- ‚kks/k ds vuqlkj ifr ekaxfyd o iRuh ukWu&ekaxfyd ;k ifr ukWu&ekaxfyd o iRuh ekaxfyd gksus ls nkEiR; thou ds lq[kn ;k vlq[kn dk dksbZ izek.k ugha

feyk gSA

4- ftu nEifr;ksa dh tUe dq.Mfy;ksa esa ekaxfyd ;ksx gS rFkk fdUgha dkj.kksa ls ekaxfyd nks’k Hkax gks x;k gS mudk fookg ;fn ukWu&ekaxfyd ls fd;k tkrk gS rks nkEiR; thou lq[kn ;k vlq[kn dk vyx ls dksbZ izek.k ugha feyk gSA

5- L=h tkrd ;k iq#’k tkrd dk ekaxfyd ;k ukWu&ekaxfyd rFkk ekaxfyd Hkax gksus ij nkEiR; thou ds lq[kn ;k vlq[kn dk vyx ls dksbZ fo‛ks’k vUrj ugha ns[kk x;k gSA

6- lw;kZfn uoxzgksa dk }kn‛k Hkkoxr fLFkfr gksus ls nkEiR; thou ds lq[kn o vlq[kn gksus dk izHkko Li’V fn[kkbZ fn;k gSA bldsa vfrfjDr tUe yXu esa vyx&vyx jkf‛k;ksa dk Hkh nkEiR; thou ds lq[kn o vlq[kn gksus dk izHkko fn[kkbZ fn;k gSA

7- yXu esa flag jkf‛k gksus ij vf/kdrj fookg vlq[kn rFkk dU;k jkf‛k gksus ij

nkEiR; thou lq[kn gksrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh tUedq.Myh es yXu esa es’k jkf‛k gksus ls nkEiR; thou vlq[kn rFkk o`f‛pd jkf‛k gksus ls nkEiR; thou lq[kn gksrk gSA L=h tkrdks dh tUedq.Myh esa yXu esa dU;k] ehu o es’k jkf‛k ls nkEiR; thou lq[kn o o`f‛pd] flag rFkk o`’k jkf‛k gksus ls nkEiR; thou vlq[kn gksrk gSA

8- lw;Z yXu ls r`rh; Hkko rd lq[kn nkEiR; thou] prqFkZ ls lIre rd lkekU; Qy] v’Ve ls n‛ke rd vlq[kn thou] ,dkn‛k o }kn‛k Hkko esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh dq.Myh esa izFke ls prqFkZ Hkko rd lq[kn] iape] ‘k’V]

lIre] uoe o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa lkekU; Qy] v’Ve o n‛ke Hkko esa vlq[kn nkEiR; thou nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh tUedq.Myh esa prqFkZ o uoe Hkko esa lw;Z vlq[kn nkEiR; thou rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

9- pUnzek ;fn yXu esa gks rks vf/kdrj tkrdksa dk nkEiR; thou lq[kn jgrk gS]

lIre o uoe esa vlq[kn gksrk gS] iq#’kksa dh dq.Myh esa Hkh izFke f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk

rFkk lIre o uoe esaa vlq[kn nkEiR; thou nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh dq.Myh esa

izFke Hkko esa ‚kqHk o f}rh; rFkk uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

10- eaxy tUe yXu ls izFke] f}rh;] r`rh; rFkk ,dkn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy o iape]

‘k’B] uoe] n‛ke esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh tUe dq.Myh esa yXu]

}kn‛k o f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy nsrk gS rFkk v’Ve Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

L=h tkrdksa dh dq.Myh esa ,dkn‛k] lIre Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy] f}rh;] r`rh; Hkko esa

lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy] uoe] ‘k’B o iape Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

11- cq/k tUe yXu ls f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa

lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh dq.Myh esa cq/k f}rh; o r`rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk

rFkk uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrd dq.Mfy;ksa esa izFke o }kn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk] v’Ve] uoe o iape Hkkoksa esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

12- c`gLifr tUe yXu ls prqFkZ o iape Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy uoe o ,dkn‛k esa v‛kqHk

Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh dq.Myh esa iape Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy o f}rh; rFkk r`rh; Hkko esa lkekU; v‛kqHk QYk nsrk gS rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh dq.Mfy;ksa esa r`rh; o prqFkZ Hkko esa ‚kqHk

Qy] ,dkn‛k] uoe o v’Ve Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

13- ‚kqdz tUe yXu ls izFke o r`rh; Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy] uoe Hkko esa Hkko esa

v‛kqHk QYk o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh dq.Myh esa izFke Hkko ls prqFkZ Hkko rd ‚kqHk Qy] uoe o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h

tkrdksa dh dq.Myh esa }kn‛k] ,dkn‛k o yXu esa ‚kqHk Qy lIre] uoe o n‛ke

Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkko esa lkekU; QYk nsrk gSA

14- ‚kfu tUe yXu ls lIre o v’Ve Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy nsrk gS] iape o ‘k’B Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh

dq.Myh esa ‚kfu n‛ke Hkko esa dqN lq[kn o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; QYk nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh tUedq.Myh esa v’Ve Hkko esa ‚kqHk] ‘k’B o iape Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gS rFkk ‚ks’k Hkko esa lkekU; QYk nsrk gSA

15- jkgq tUe dq.Myh ds vuqlkj r`rh; o prqFkZ Hkko esa ‚kqHk] iape o ,dkn‛k Hkko esaa v‛kqHk QYk nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh dq.Myh esa f}rh; o r`rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk] iape Hkko esa v‛kqHk o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; QYk nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh dq.Mfy;ksa esa jkgq ,dkn‛k o v’Ve Hkko esa v‛kqHk rFkk ‘k’B o uoe Hkko esa ‛kqHk QYk nsrk gSA

16- pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa Hkh yXu dh rjg dU;k jkf‛k esa ‚kqHk o flag jkf‛k esa v‛kqHk gksrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh Hkko dq.Myh yXu esa o`f‛pd jkf‛k ‚kqHk o es’k

jkf‛k v‛kqHk gSA L=h tkrdksa esa Hkko yXu esa es’k] dU;k o ehu jkf‛k ‚kqHk rFkk o`’k]

flag o o`f‛pd jkf‛k v‛kqHk Qy nsrh gSA

17- pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa lw;Z f}rh; Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy rFkk lIre o v’Ve

Hkko esa vlq[kn nkEiR; thou nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh Hkko dq.Myh esa lw;Z f}rh; Hkko esa lq[kn rFkk ‘k’B] ,dkn‛k o lIre Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh Hkko dq.Myh esa lw;Z izFke] f}rh;] ,dkn‛k o }kn‛k Hkkoksa esa ‚kqHk rFkk

n‛ke Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

18- pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa pUnzek }kn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk n‛ke Hkko esa vlq[kn

nkEiR; thou nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh dq.Myh esa pUnzek n‛ke Hkko esa v‛kqHk o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh Hkko dq.Myh esa pUnzek }kn‛k o r`rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk ‘k’B Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

19- pfyr dq.Myh esa eaxy f}rh; o izFke Hkko esa ‚kqHk] lIre Hkko esa v‛kqHk o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh Hkko dq.Myh esa eaxy izFke o f}rh; rFkk lIre o v’Ve Hkko esa v‛kqHk o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA L=h

tkrdksa dh Hkko dq.Myh esa eaxy f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

20- pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa cq/k f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk lIre] v’Ve o uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk QYk nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh Hkko dq.Myh esa cq/k izFke o f}rh; Hkko esa

‚kqHk rFkk lIre o v’Ve Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrd Hkko dq.Mfy;ksa esa ,dkn‛k o }kn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

21- pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa c`gLifr prqFkZ o iape Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk lIre] uoe o n‛ke Hkko esa v‛kqHk QYk nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh Hkko dq.Myh esa c`gLifr

prqFkZ Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk ’k’Be Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh Hkko

dq.Mfy;ksa esa iape] f}rh; o r`rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk lIre o uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk

Qy nsrk gSA

22- pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa ‚kqdz f}rh; o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy o uoe Hkko esa

v‛kqHk QYk nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh Hkko dq.Myh esa ‚kqdz f}rh; o r`rh; Hkko esa

‚kqHk rFkk v’Ve Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh Hkko dq.Mfy;ksa esa ‚kqdz uoe Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‚kqHk Qy nsrk gS rFkk ,dkn‛k o }kn‛k Hkko es lkekU; ‛kqHk

Qy nsrk gSA

23- pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa f}rh; o r`rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk lIre Hkko esa v‛kqHk o

‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh Hkko dq.Myh esa ‚kfu f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk lIre o }kn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh Hkko

dq.Mfy;ksa esa ‚kfu f}rh; o r`rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk lIre Hkko esa lkekU; v‛kqHk

Qy nsrk gSA

24- pfyr Hkko dq.Myh esa jkgq uoe Hkko esa lq[kn Qy nsrk gS o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; QYk nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh Hkko dq.Myh esa jkgq uoe Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk

‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh Hkko dq.Mfy;ksa esa jkgq iape]

v’Ve o uoe Hkko esa ‚kqHkQy rFkk lIre] r`rh; o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa lkekU; v‛kqHk

Qy nsrk gSA

25- pUnz dq.Myh ds yXu esa es’k o edj jkf‛k ‚kqHk rFkk ehu jkf‛k vlq[kn nkEiR; thou nsrh gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh ds yXu esa o`f‛pd o flag jkf‛k ‚kqHk

Qy o dqEHk o ehu vlq[kn nkEiR; thou iznku djrh gSA L=h tkrdksa dh pUnz

dq.Myh ds yXu esa es’k] o`’k o ddZ jkf‛k ‚kqHk Qy nsrh gS rFkk ‚ks’k jkf‛k lkekU; Qy nsrh gSA

26- pUnz yXu ls lw;Z f}rh; o }kn‛k esa ‚kqHk Qy nsrk gSA n‛ke] ,dkn‛k o yXu esa lw;Z v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gS] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz

dq.Myh lq;Z f}rh; Hkko fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk] izFke o }kn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk n‛ke]

,dkn‛k] iape o prqFkZ Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA L=h

tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myhs esa lw;Z izFke Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‛kqHk Qy rFkk n‛ke esa v‛kqHk]

r`rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lq;Z lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

27- pUnz dq.Myh esa eaxy v’Ve Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy o uoe o r`rh; Hkko esa v‛kqHk

Qy] ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa eaxy

v’Ve o }kn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy o ‘k’B o uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myhs esa eaxy ‘k’B] lIre o v’Ve esa lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy rFkk

uoe o }kn‛k Hkko esa lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

28- pUnz dq.Myh eas cq/k f}rh;] v’Ve o }kn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk uoe] n‛ke

o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa cq/k izFke

o f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh

pUnzdq.Myhs esa cq/k izFke o n‛ke Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy o ‘k’B Hkko esa lkekU; ‛kqHk

Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

29- pUnz dq.Myh esa c`gLifr f}rh; Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy] lIre Hkko esa ‚kqHk rFkk

‘k’B Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz

dq.Myh esa c`gLifr izFke o f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk ,dkn‛k Hkko esa fo‛ks’k

v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gS rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh

pUnzdq.Myhs esa xq: f}rh; Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‛kqHk Qy o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

30- pUnz dq.Myh ls ‚kqdz prqFkZ o }kn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy] iape o n‛ke Hkko esa

v‛kqHk Qy o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa e lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa

‚kqdz izFke o }kn‛k o ‘k’B Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk iape Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‛kqHk] v’Ve

o uoe Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myhs esa ‚kqdz prqFkZ Hkko

esa ‛kqHk Qy o izFke] n‛ke o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

31- pUnz dq.Myh ls ‚kfu ,dkn‛k o ‘k’B Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy] izFke Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‛kqHk o prqFkZ o }kn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz dq.Myh esa ‚kfu ‘k’B] ,dkn‛k o f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk lIre o v’Ve o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myhs esa ‚kfu izFke f}rh; o

prqFkZ Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy o r`rh; Hkko esa ‛kqHk Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

32- pUnz dq.Myh ls jkgq lIre o n‛ke Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy] prqFkZ] v’Ve o }kn‛k

Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy o ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh pUnz

dq.Myh esa jkgq f}rh; o n‛ke Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy rFkk r`rh; Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‛kqHk nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh pUnzdq.Myhs esa jkgq lIre] r`rh; o izFke Hkko esa ‛kqHk Qy rFkk prqFkZ o }kn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

33- uoka‛k dq.Myh ds yXu esa edj jkf‛k dqN ‚kqHk Qy nsrh gS rFkk ‚ks’k jkf‛k;ka

lkekU; Qy nsrh gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh ds yXu esa nkEiR; thou ds fy, /kuq jkf‛k ‚kqHk rFkk o`f‛pd jkf‛k v‛kqHk Qy nsrh gS rFkk ‚ks’k jkf‛k;ka lkekU; Qy nsrh gSA L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh ds yXu esa ddZ vkSj edj jkf‛k lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy nsrh gS rFkk /kuq jkf‛k v‛kqHk Qy iznku djrh gSA

34- uoka‛k dq.Myh esa lw;Z uoe o ‘k’B Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk] prqFkZ o n‛ke Hkko esa lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa lw;Z uoe Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lq;Z lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa lw;Z ‘k’B o }kn‛k Hkkoksa esa ‚kqHk Qy] v’Ve] prqFkZ o iape Hkkoksa esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

35- uoka‛k dq.Myh esa pUnzek f}rh; o n‛ke Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk rFkk ,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa pUnzek f}rh; o uoe Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy rFkk ‘k’B] prqFkZ] ,dkn‛k o izFke Hkkoksa esa lkekU; v‛kqHk

Qy iznku djrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa pUnzek n‛ke Hkko esa ‚kqHk

Qy] uoe o ,dkn‛k Hkkoksa esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

36- uoka‛k dq.Myh esa eaxy f}rh;] v’Ve o prqFkZ Hkko esa ‚kqHk] izFke] n‛ke o ,dkn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa eaxy

f}rh; Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy nsrk gS rFkk n‛ke] ‘k’B o izFke Hkko esa lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa eaxy v’Ve Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy

nsrk gS rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

37- uoka‛k dq.Myh esa cq/k ‘k’B o f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk] uoe o }kn‛k Hkko esa v‛kqHk

Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa cq/k f}rh; Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy rFkk uoe o prqFkZ Hkkoksa esa lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy

nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa cq/k ‘k’B Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy] uoe] }kn‛k o n‛ke Hkkoksa esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

38- uoka‛k dq.Myh esa c`gLifr r`rh; o uoe Hkko esa lkekU; v‚kqHk rFkk ,dkn‛k Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa c`gLifr prqFkZ

Hkko esa fOk‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa c`gLifr lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa c`gLifr ,dkn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy] uoe o prqFkZ Hkkoksa esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

39- uoka‛k dq.Myh esa ‚kqdz uoe Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy o izFke] lIre o v’Ve

Hkkoksa esa lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa ‚kqdz izFke]

f}rh; o lIre Hkko esa lkekU; v‚kqHk Qy rFkk ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa ‚kqdz lkekU; Qy nsrk

gSA L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa ‚kqdz uoe Hkko esa fo‛ks’k ‚kqHk Qy] f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy] iape o v’Ve Hkkoksa esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

40- uoka‛k dq.Myh esa ‚kfu r`rh; o f}rh; Hkko esa ‚kqHk Qy] izFke Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa ‚kfu iape] r`rh; o v’Ve Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy rFkk izFke o ‘k’B Hkkoksa esa lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa ‚kfu r`rh;] ‘k’B]

uoe o ,dkn‛k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy] iape] v’Ve] n‛ke o izFke Hkkoksa esa

lkekU; v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA

41- uoka‛k dq.Myh esa jkgq r`rh; o }kn‛k Hkko esa ‚kqHkQy o izFke Hkko esa fo‛ks’k

v‛kqHk Qy lIre o n‛ke Hkko esa v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy

nsrk gSA iq#’k tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa jkgq izFke Hkko esa fo‛ks’k v‚kqHk Qy

rFkk }kn‛k Hkko esa lkekU; ‚kqHk Qy nsrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh uoka‛k dq.Myh esa

jkgq f}rh;] r`rh; o }kn‛k Hkkoksa esa ‚kqHk Qy] v’Ve] lIre o ,dkn‛k Hkkoksa esa

v‛kqHk Qy nsrk gSA ‚ks’k Hkkoksa esa lkekU; Qy nsrk gSA

42- iq#’k tkrdksa ds tUekax esa lw;Z&pUnz ;qfr (vekoL;k) nkEiR; thou dks lq[kn

cukrh gS] ;gh lw;Z&pUnz dh ;qfr L=h tkrdksa esa nkEiR; thou ds fy, dyg

vkfn dk dkj.k curh gSA

43- tUe yXu esa izFke Hkko esa ‚kfu ds vfrfjDr lHkh xzg nkEiR; thou dks lq[kn cukrs gSA

6-2 fu’d’kZ & 1- nkEiR; thou esa eaxy dk fdlh fo‛ks’k Hkko esa gksuk nkEiR; thou ds lq[kn ;k

vlq[kn dk dkj.k dghsa n`f’V xkspj ughsa gksrkA

2- ekaxfyd dk ekaxfyd ls fookg ;k ukWu&ekaxfyd dk ukWu&ekaxfyd ls fookg

nkEiR; thou ds lq[kn ;k vlq[kn dk dkj.k ugha gSA

3- vU; xzgksa ds leku gh eaxy xzg dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr dk nkEiR; thou ds lq[kn ;k vlq[kn gksus dk izek.k feyk gSA

6-3 lq>ko

1- fo‛ks’k vPNs ifj.kkeksa ds fy, izk:iksa dh la[;k vkSj vf/kd gksuh pkfg,] rkfd

mudk yXuksa ds vuqlkj oxhZdj.k djds ifj.kke fy;k tk ldsaA

2- izLrqr ‚kks/k esa dsoy lEcU/k foPNsn dks vlq[kn nkEiR; thou dh laKk nh xbZ

gS] ifr&iRuh ,d= jgrs gq, Hkh nkEiR; thou esa vusd izdkj ds vkHkko o dyg dk thou O;rhr dj jgs gSa] mu ij Hkh vU; ‚kks/k dh vo‛;drk gSA

3- izLrqr ‚kks/k esa izk:iksa dk ladyu mRrjh Hkkjr (iatkc o fnYyh) ls fd;k x;k

gS] ;g ladyu iwjs Hkkjr o’kZ ;k iwjs fo‛o ls fd;k tkuk pkfg,] rkfd dksbZ fu;e ;k fl)kUr lkoZHkkSfed gks ldsA

Sample Data of Pair Successfull

F 20-09-83 3:50 Kapurthala 10068

M 14-04-80 19:53 Rohtasgarh 10259

1:16 Bijnor 10283 517 F 13-08-86 8:13 Varanasi 10260

Baraut 10283 518 M 30-08-79 5:45 Allahabad 10261

4:20 Delhi 10284 519 F 18-05-78 14:30 Varanasi 10261

6:20 Bareilly 10284 520 M 14-08-67 9:00 Bhairahawa 10262

521 F 18-07-72 1:00 Gorakhpur 10262

522 M 12-12-79 16:05 Basti 10263

523 F 15-08-83 16:25 Sitapur 10263

11:41 Allahabad 10285

21-07-50 4:21 Calcutta 10285

5:04 Almora 10286 524 M 16-02-88 14:40 Gorakhpur 10264

30-06-71 8:55 Barrackpore 10287 525 F 23-02-91 2:25 Gorakhpur 10264

526 M 11-08-88 20:05 Gorakhpur 10265

527 F 12-04-89 18:33 Delhi 10265

528 M 13-01-60 5:00 Allahabad 10266

F 08-06-74 13:30 Varanasi 10287

Kanpur 10288

Madras 10288

23-12-61 10:46 Lucknow 10289 529 F 21-06-64 13:30 Allahabad 10266 575 F 22-08-66 16:25 Azamgarh 10289

10317

585 F 08-07-61 20:02 Calcutta 10294 631 F 26-11-65 6:25 Karnal 10317

586 M 20-10-42 7:30 Kota 10295 632 M 10-10-50 5:30 Delhi 10318

587 F 28-04-47 5:15 Delhi 10295 633 F 16-04-53 17:00 Lucknow 10318

588 M 21-03-59 4:30 Bareilly 10296 634 M 02-02-74 10:05 Bhilai 10319

589 F 13-08-63 8:20 Bareilly 10296 635 F 03-02-78 6:25 Lucknow 10319

590 M 25-09-30 0:54 Etawah 10297 636 M 26-01-62 5:37 Nasik 10320

591 F 23-01-38 23:09 Rampur 10297 637 F 11-03-66 2:59 Lucknow 10320 592 M 02-02-56 23:30 Adra Road 10298 638 M 26-07-60 1:20 Bulandshahr 10321

593 F 14-01-58 7:25 Ajmer 10298 639 F 05-09-62 22:40 Bulandshahr 10321

594 M 24-01-41 3:35 Agra 10299 640 M 24-05-65 14:30 Lakhimpur 10322

595 F 20-07-48 8:20 Faizabad 10299 641 F 28-02-70 22:35 Lakhimpur 10322

596 M 06-11-51 19:59 Farrukhabad 10300 642 M 21-09-46 12:05 Dibai 10323

18:04 Lucknow

679 M 19-04-58 9:10 Budaun 10341 725

02-10-61 5:04 Meerut 10364 680 M 07-04-54 19:25 Gorakhpur 10342 726 F 21-08-63 14:45 Fatehabad 10365 681 F 08-06-60 7:00 Gorakhpur 10342

764 F 16-10-87 22:05 Chandigarh 10384

New york 10410

771 F 03-12-72 6:30 Agra 10387 817 F 18-06-84 6:00 New york 10410 772 F 12-12-82 3:03 Delhi 10388 818 M 30-10-77 23:00 New york 10411

773 M 10-12-80 2:33 Shahjahanpur 10388 819 F 26-12-84 0:30 Arequipa 10411 774 F 13-09-60 23:24 Sitapur 10389 820 F 15-10-54 23:11 Saharanpur 10412

775 M 03-11-58 20:00 Tinsukia 10389 821 M 16-11-51 19:00 Aligarh 10412

776 M 16-11-66 6:42 Shahjahanpur 10390 822 F 18-10-57 4:00 Bijnor 10413

777 F 03-06-68 1:15 Agra 10390 823 M 12-09-55 6:00 Palwal 10413 778 M 16-06-70 0:12 Shahjahanpur 10391 824 M 30-01-73 22:05 Rajnandgaon 10414 779 F 01-07-73 15:05 Tinsukia 10391 825 F 07-03-72 13:00 Pratapgarh 10414

F 28-11-69 17:30 Varanasi 10392 826 M 03-04-61 0:15 Firozabad 10415 781 M 25-09-69 15:30 Mirzapur 10392 827 F 26-04-64 18:47 Firozabad 10415 782 M 01-02-59 8:03

M 01-11-64 12:00 Aligarh 10394 830 M 09-04-52 6:00 Jullundur 10417

785 F 15-01-70 6:00 Aligarh 10394 831 F 02-07-55 7:00 Gauhati 10417

786 F 28-09-49 7:00

788 F 13-11-74 7:35 Jamshedpur 10396 834 M 31-10-51 13:56 Saharanpur 10419

789 M 08-02-70 8:50 Indore 10396 835 F 05-09-56 12:00 Mahendragarh 10419

790 F 13-11-45 10:28 Sojat Road 10397

793 F 04-02-56 2:00 Calcutta 10398 839 F 13-12-65 5:05 Delhi 10421

794

854 F 29-05-67 13:10 Thana 10429 900 F 17-04-46 6:15 Azamgarh 10452

855 M 20-03-65 21:40 Delhi 10429 901 M 28-06-40 18:30 Azamgarh 10452

856 F 07-08-57 23:45 Jullundur 10430 902

858 F 16-12-61 3:00 Delhi 10431 904 M 25-02-72 19:00 Noida 10454 859 M 21-02-58 4:00 Delhi 10431 905 F 29-11-73 18:00 Ambala 10454

860 M 30-03-53 2:10 Panipat 10432 906 F 20-04-78 3:35 Delhi 10455

861 F 14-01-57 5:30 Mawana 10432 907

08-05-71 3:20 Robertsganj 10455 862 M 08-12-68 6:39 Delhi 10433 908 M 22-07-64 13:35 Delhi 10456

863 F 11-06-75 17:43 Simla 10433 909 F 29-11-69 5:30 Muzaffarnagar 10456

864 M 05-11-55 2:00 Delhi 10434 910 M 26-09-61 3:00 Rohtasgarh 10457

865 F 14-06-61 5:45 Meerut 10434 911

866 F 16-02-62 15:30 Chandigarh 10435 912 F 11-08-55 23:59 Hoshiarpur 10458

867 M 17-11-56 5:00 Delhi 10435 913 M 30-09-50 9:02 Delhi 10458 868 F 18-09-60 23:55 Paramaribo 10436 914 M 21-02-69 13:00 Saharanpur 10459

19:35 Azamgarh 10437 916 F 14-01-75 5:00 Delhi 10460

871 F 20-04-61 20:30 Azamgarh 10437 917 M 08-08-69 16:38 Delhi 10460 872 M 16-08-61 2:30 Bhopal 10438 918 M 30-08-64

877 F 19-12-62 12:23 Kapasan 10440 923 F 16-04-65 11:25 Hathras 10463 878 M 15-10-63 9:00 Delhi 10441 924 M 17-10-64 5:30

883 F

887 F 15-07-74 1:29 Aligarh 10445 933 F 14-10-78 23:30 Jamshedpur 10468 888 M 05-09-57 5:00 Sultanpur 10446 934 M 22-07-67 8:18 Meerut 10469

889 F 06-11-61 8:50 Budaun 10446 935 F 04-02-70 8:40 Bhopal 10469

890 M 29-09-60 11:00 Bijnaur 10447 936 M 04-04-58 5:00 Delhi 10470

891 F 04-07-63 3:55 Moradabad 10447 937 F 11-04-58 13:00 Delhi 10470 892 M 01-10-73 2:05 Delhi 10448 938 M 13-06-70 17:15 Kanpur 10471 893 F 31-03-80 12:00 Delhi 10448 939 F 12-09-74 11:00 Amritsar 10471

894 M 25-02-74 7:45 Delhi 10449 940 M 14-01-66 1:30 Darbhanga 10472

895 F 09-08-77 21:00 Delhi 10449 941 F 07-09-74 0:45 Jamshedpur 10472

896 M 19-11-49 5:46 Bhagalpur 10450 942 M 30-07-82 7:56 Pondicherry 10473

897 F 11-09-55 19:00 Calcutta 10450 943 F 26-04-90 19:00 Bhadrachalam 10473

898 M 12-07-71 4:40 Azamgarh 10451 944 M 01-06-79 15:32 Delhi 10474

899 F 02-02-72 13:01 Jamshedpur 10451 945 F 29-01-85 23:03 Jaipur 10474

946 M 13-04-83 8:00 Chapra 10475

947 F 29-01-84 15:15 Lucknow 10475

948 M 07-01-70 15:40 Delhi 10476

949 F 29-07-73 22:10 Delhi 10476

950 M 05-03-87 7:15 Jeypore 10477

951 F 22-04-89 17:00 Hirakud Dam 10477

Sample Data of Unsuccessful Married Life

F 31-03-84 1:17 Ambala 148 342 F 22-10-81 1:50 Chandigarh 171

297 M 16-05-82 21:42 Jalandhar 149 343 M 21-11-77 13:22 Ludhiana 172

298 F 28-07-82 9:00 Rohtak 149 344 F 13-12-80 22:55 Amritsar

300 F 26-07-82 22:27 Jaipur 150 346 F 08-07-86 16:15 Ludhiana 173 301 M 16-12-80 13:10 Ludhiana 151 347 M 07-12-75 9:21 Khanna

302 F 21-11-81 14:00 Rudrapur*

11-01-81

Sirhind

M 11-02-81 9:17 Ludhiana 157 359 M 16-03-79 11:50 Faridkot

314 F 18-09-81 17:12 Jalandhar 157 360 F 29-06-85 2:20 Muktsar

315 M 26-09-82 14:18 Ludhiana 158 361 M 09-02-74 8:50 Ludhiana 181

316 F 13-05-84 21:46 Firozpur 158 362 F 27-03-79 16:00 Ludhiana

317 M 09-11-78 4:35 Ludhiana 159 363 M 02-02-81 7:10 Amritsar

318 F 17-12-82 6:45 Ludhiana 159 364 F 03-02-82 5:35 Amritsar 182

319 M 16-08-84 7:21 Ludhiana 160 365 M 23-03-85 2:30 Ludhiana 183

320 F 23-09-84 22:20 Firozpur 160 366 F 25-02-84 16:55 Jalandhar 183 321 M 04-10-76 13:32 Jalandhar 161 367 M 09-11-79 9:10 Ludhiana 184 322 F 24-08-80 23:45 Ludhiana 161 368 F 27-08-80 12:04 Firozpur 184

323 M 11-09-79 11:15 Chandigarh 162 369 M 09-05-81 15:30 Jalandhar 185

324 F 06-08-83 18:15 Hansi 162 370 F 26-03-83 19:50 Pathankot 185

325 M 20-09-65 20:58 Khanna 163 371 M 07-11-74 2:40 Ludhiana 186

326 F 11-09-66 10:00 Jalandhar 163 372 F 19-10-79 14:50 Hoshiarpur 186

327 M 02-08-82 13:49 Jalandhar 164 373 M 11-02-84 9:20 Ludhiana 187

328 F 24-10-84 22:30 Gobindgarh 164 374 F 09-08-85 16:04 Hoshiarpur 187

329 M 02-01-76 9:16 Ludhiana 165 375 M 22-10-85 15:15 Ludhiana 188

330 F 28-12-79 23:50 Ludhiana 165 376 F 11-12-85 19:27 Pathankot 188

331 M 11-11-79 16:10 Ludhiana 166 377 M 09-03-82 4:40 Ludhiana 189

332 F 04-09-83 10:15 Patiala 166 378 F 23-02-87 12:45 Abohar 189

19-05-88 4:50 Ludhiana 247 539 M 17-08-89 8:00

8:00

495 M 02-08-85 7:15 Ludhiana 248 541 M 27-09-84 9:30 Kaithal

F 25-03-88 21:30 Khanna 249 544 F 10-12-88 6:45 Gobindgarh

F 16-05-93 2:30 Amritsar 286 616 F 02-11-77 6:40 Phagwara

571 M 25-01-86 11:49 Ludhiana 287 617 M 25-10-85 20:30 Khanna

572 F 05-08-86 5:45

588 F 28-04-77 9:23 Surat 295 634 F 14-05-91 3:05 Ludhiana

589 M 15-03-89 8:15 Moga 296 635 M 26-03-92 19:45 Ludhiana

590 F 03-04-89 2:45 Jalandhar 296 636 F 22-07-92 1:30 Ludhiana

591 M 07-03-88 18:30 Ludhiana 297 637 M 11-09-78 12:10 Jagraon

592 F 24-09-90 8:00 Ludhiana 297 638 F 06-04-80 16:40 Bhatinda

593 M 18-04-85 21:35 Hanumangarh 298 639 M 20-08-92 0:03 Ludhiana

594 F 24-11-87 8:15 Ludhiana 298 640 F 02-01-94 7:36 Delhi

596 F 12-02-91 7:45 Yamunanagar 299 642 F 03-04-75 12:50 Jamshedpur

684 F 23-08-51 16:25 Muzaffarnagar 343 730

12:38 Azamgarh 344 731

686 F 27-02-64 3:21 Varanasi 344 732

687 M 28-02-59 10:30 Nagpur 345 733

688 F 05-09-61 0:02 Lucknow 345 734 F 18-03-86 7:10 Ludhiana

689 M 15-02-73 2:35 Kanpur 346 735 M 09-04-85 5:25 Ludhiana

690

745 M 11-11-76 14:55 Ludhiana 374

746 F 23-03-79 16:05 Faridabad 374

747 M 24-07-81 5:30 Ludhiana 375

748 F 16-12-81 12:10 Hoshiarpur 375

749 M 20-10-72 18:15 Calcutta 376

750 F 03-02-85 14:58 Gorakhpur 376

751 M 07-09-81 4:45 Chandigarh 377

752 F 08-08-83 6:20 London 377

753 M 21-05-57 14:00 Delhi 378

754 F 14-11-61 17:00 Patiala 378

755 F 27-09-82 5:05 Jagraon 379

756 M 12-04-81 7:15 Ludhiana 379

757 M 07-09-81 4:45 Chandigarh 380

758 F 08-08-83 6:20 London 380

759 F 18-12-73 0:10 Delhi 381

760 M 04-10-78 19:55 Delhi 381

761 F 03-01-73 7:45 Delhi 382

762 M 06-03-62 22:45 Pune 382

Sample Data of Successful Married Life (Single Case)

309 M 02-07-67 21:50 Ludhiana

310 F 16-05-70 14:40 Ludhiana

311 M 20-02-78 15:20 Chandigarh

312 M 07-09-57 17:40 Jind

313 M 27-11-75 12:05 Ludhiana

7:00 Sikandra Rao

10:30 Sikandra Rao

13-10-46 21:53 Agra

9:45 Mathura

8:20 Allahabad 314 M 01-04-66 7:02 Malaut

08-03-66 7:25 Vrindavan 315 M 25-01-54 21:20 Jaito

12-06-48 19:30 Rajkot

316 M 23-11-77 5:10 Yamunanagar

18:50 Delhi 317 M 17-09-54 4:00 Jagraon

318 M 29-11-72 17:00 Kaithal

M 23-01-72 3:33 Ludhiana

320 M 04-03-62 13:10 Jalandhar

0:30 Meerut

13-04-49 18:53 Delhi

15:08 Varanasi

19-07-37 12:00 Jhang Maghiana 321 M 06-08-51 22:40 Jalandhar

19:30 Sri Ganganagar 322 M 22-08-70 9:05 Ambala

M 05-09-80 10:50 Ludhiana

324 M 19-12-80 2:26 Amritsar

325 F 10-06-77 3:15 Ludhiana

2:40 Delhi

15:15 Kishangarh

18:00 Paro

24-10-48 4:35 Rai Bareilly 326 M 06-01-73 15:12

0:30 Baraut 329 F 23-02-58 6:00 Ambala

331 F 15-03-85 7:21

12:35 Ludhiana

335 F 21-04-69 19:16 Jalandhar

F 01-01-98 6:15 Ludhiana

M 11-10-75 2:40 Sirhind

23:02

13-06-64 0:00 Raj Gangpur

13:30 Aligarh

11:15 Rohtak

2:02 Amritsar 342 M 03-09-11 20:06 Aligarh

6:08 Khair

M 09-06-61 19:40 Agra

M 20-09-41 9:30 Aligarh

M 05-02-51 15:00 Delhi

F 08-12-38 18:45 Aligarh

1:15 Aligarh

05-12-61 22:54 Gorakhpur

18-07-72 23:15 Delhi 350 F 19-08-37 19:30 Aligarh

2:40 Danapur

10:42

7:59 Pune 352 F 27-08-80 23:36 Vishakhapatnam

2:45 Port Blair

353 M 28-10-21 4:00 Aligarh

19-12-54 19:07 Delhi 354 F 28-07-65 17:40 Sikandra Rao

03-01-41 12:00 Yamunanagar

Sr

401 M 20-07-59 19:00 Motihari

402 M 27-09-52 11:00 Mathura

403 M 19-09-57 5:43 Kanpur

404 F 13-08-67 19:45 Delhi

405 M 23-01-58 0:30 Mathura

406 M 05-05-74 23:30 Ajmer

407 M 20-10-69 8:32 Firozpur

408 M 05-10-40 15:00 Allahabad

409 M 24-03-65 11:18 Kota

410 M 21-01-58 7:00 Moradabad

411 M 18-01-50 10:00 Delhi

412 M 19-04-81 8:22 Delhi

413 F 08-08-82 22:10 Udaipur

414 M 17-03-52 23:00 Jalandhar

415 M 09-02-51 6:30 Sonipat

416 M 09-11-51 8:20 Delhi

417 M 22-02-56 6:30 Narnaul

418 M 22-11-70 0:30 Delhi

419 M 13-10-71 9:15 Delhi

420 F 20-12-62 19:30 Gorakhpur

421 M 23-12-68 13:35 Alwar

422 M 05-01-53 10:00 Mahendragarh

423 M 13-06-69 6:30 Aligarh

424 M 13-07-72 8:15 Saharanpur

425 M 23-04-64 16:00 Delhi

426 M 17-01-76 4:15 Delhi

427 M 25-09-67 8:45 Delhi

428 M 03-10-54 17:15 Gwalior

429 M 25-10-80 3:35 Delhi

430 M 30-10-55 9:15 Delhi

431 M 17-08-39 4:40 Agra

432 M 12-08-58 20:48 Delhi

433 M 25-07-89 4:00 Sultanpur

Sample Data of Unsuccessfull Married Life (Single Case)

Firozpur

4:12 Phagwara

30 F 26-05-83 22:10 Ludhiana

24-10-84 22:30 Gobindgarh

28-12-79 23:50 Ludhiana 31 F 14-03-87 6:20 Hoshiarpur

09-06-81 23:45 Delhi

F 29-07-84 4:30 Ludhiana

10-05-86 15:35 Ludhiana 33 F 17-09-84 12:05 Samana

04-09-83 10:15 Patiala 34 F 13-11-85 2:45 Panipat

35 F 24-12-87 22:30 Ludhiana

17-08-84 12:05 Samana

F 10-10-81 14:55 Faridkot

36 F 06-07-84 2:53 Chandigarh 83 F 14-02-81 7:00 Ganganagar 37 F 16-12-83 7:15 Kapurthala

38 F 03-01-86 23:45 Rajpura

29-05-87 11:14 Jalandhar 39 F 21-03-85 10:40 Panchkula

19-05-80 20:42 Sirhind

13-04-84 18:35 Ludhiana 45 F 31-03-84 1:17 Ambala

F 26-03-83 19:50 Pathankot

16:04 Hoshiarpur

118 F 11-03-81 14:20 Jalandhar

F 11-12-85 19:27 Pathankot

F 10-02-83 15:50 Ludhiana

03-11-81 14:20 Jalandhar

30-07-84 21:53 Ludhiana 120 F 28-06-83 15:30 Shahabad

01-04-86 12:30 Amritsar 121 F 23-02-87 12:45 Abohar

F 26-07-88 9:28 Ludhiana 122 F 10-07-84 16:20 Jalandhar

F 26-05-82 18:15 Amritsar

125 F 28-05-86 9:43 Delhi

09-09-84 3:00 Ludhiana

09-08-83 8:15 Ambala 126 F 13-09-83 21:00 Amritsar

127 F 18-01-83 15:57 Ludhiana

F 15-01-81 20:00 Delhi

04-10-90 6:30 Amritsar 128 F 17-07-86 9:00 Bhatinda

14-12-80 20:25 Ghaziabad 129 F 13-01-89 22:54 Firozpur

30-09-85 1:10 Jalandhar

130 F 15-05-80 12:35 Delhi

23-07-83 21:45 Sangrur 131 F 17-12-86 21:00 Ambala

5:00 Sirhind

F 06-11-85 11:29 Ludhiana

27-11-85 8:15 Sunam

14-02-82 13:05 Delhi 135 F 13-02-89 10:00 Amritsar

F 17-05-86 11:01 Sangrur 136 F 14-02-83 1:25 Mandi Gobindgarh

18-10-83 17:40 Ludhiana

F 03-03-85 5:00 Sirhind

25-10-84 6:05 Sirsa 138 F 08-10-80 5:09 Chandigarh

09-10-82 16:10 Ludhiana 139 F 06-06-84 11:20 Ludhiana

F 19-09-81 21:30 Ludhiana

F 12-03-86 6:35 Faridabad

11-09-84 7:30 Ludhiana

187 F 23-11-87 0:05 Mandi Gobindgarh

F 29-09-79 1:40 Ludhiana

189 F 22-10-82 4:30 Ludhiana

F 11-07-83 2:05 Amritsar

F 17-07-84 8:45 Patiala

18-08-82 12:30 Ambala

6:00 Ludhiana

14-02-83 1:25 Khanna 193 F 25-04-81 21:56 Ludhiana

F 09-10-84 18:55 Barnala

F 04-05-81 14:20 Moga

F 08-09-81 11:52 Ludhiana

F 15-06-83 6:15 Ludhiana

F 08-02-81 14:30 Moga

F 08-02-82 23:55 Kanda

6:26 Ludhiana

F 01-01-84 20:15

05-09-81 23:05 Sultanpur Lodhi

8:30 Moga

23:15 Ferozabad

24-07-81 2:20 Hoshiarpur

13:30 Ambala

16:00 Bhiwani

F 23-06-83 14:00 Chandigarh

3:15 Amritsar

F 12-09-86 11:09 Patiala

28-04-82 17:30 Ludhiana

19:37 Pathankot

285 F 12-03-86 18:00 Muzaffarnagar

286 F 15-05-82 13:25 Bhatinda

287 F 30-09-88 9:34 Pathankot

288 F 27-04-79 23:55 Ludhiana

289 F 25-09-79 21:30 Ambala

290 F 20-02-84 18:05 Nakodar

291 F 16-01-88 12:45 Ludhiana

292 M 29-05-85 21:05 Kapurthala

293 M 06-04-81 15:35 Phillaur

294 M 30-04-86 21:55 Sangrur

295 M 01-10-83 8:00 Jalandhar

296 M 27-11-85 18:45 Fazilka

M 07-01-90 17:35 Delhi

M 22-08-85 14:12 Jalandhar

M 01-04-86 12:30 Amritsar

11-01-83 22:48 Hisar

25-06-82 12:00 Fatehgarh Sahib

M 18-09-81 4:35 Patiala

M 06-09-83 14:45 Jalandhar

M 15-03-84 23:00 Patiala

23-03-84 20:40 Jalandhar

M 22-08-83 20:15 Ludhiana

28-09-84 12:45 Ludhiana

17-05-82 4:00 Ludhiana 297 M 05-10-84 13:40 Kurukshetra

M 14-03-87 6:20 Hoshiarpur 298 M 24-10-84 12:15 Phagwara

13-11-91 18:20 Ludhiana 299 M 24-09-89 9:00 Amritsar

300 M 17-10-82 9:48 Amritsar

05-08-83 22:30 Ahmedgarh

13:00 Amritsar

1:35 Ambala 302 M 26-07-85 10:55 Nangal

16:45 Sangrur

17:10 Dehradun 304 M 04-06-84 9:35 Ganganagar

2:18 Ludhiana 316 M 13-11-80 23:00 Faridkot

16:38 Jalandhar 318 M 11-06-83 15:15 Firozpur

319 M 16-10-81 17:00 Sunder Nagar

320 M 17-09-84 8:00 Jagraon

14-10-82 19:45 Ludhiana

24-12-79 17:57 Ludhiana 321 M 04-12-83 11:00 Una

10:10 Ludhiana

M 25-07-83 14:30 Ludhiana

10-07-87 16:00 Patiala 324 M 11-05-80 17:15 Chandigarh

325 M 17-02-84 9:30 Varanasi

326 M 27-04-83 11:30 Kotkapura

328 M 29-03-84 7:30 Jalandhar

329 M 27-09-86 14:22 Amritsar

330 M 30-04-84 10:10 Amritsar

19-09-86 1:55 Amritsar

23:45 Jalandhar

9:02 Ludhiana

17-02-83 16:45 Firozpur

10-01-84 16:35 Pathankot

6:45 Hoshiarpur

379 M 21-08-85 15:45 Hoshiarpur

13-02-87 15:44 Jalandhar 380 M 08-06-82 12:20 Alwar

381 M 08-06-82 20:15 Yamunanagar

19:40 Ludhiana

M 24-03-81 11:10 Yamunanagar

16:24 Ludhiana

7:05 Patiala 385 M 15-07-87 16:00 Ropar

01-06-67 4:20 Chandigarh

6:10 Solan

M 17-11-82 19:00 Talwara

17:30 Amritsar

M 28-10-85 22:25 Ludhiana

472 M 30-10-85 19:30 Yamunanagar

473 M 08-09-86 16:12 Ludhiana

475 M 18-11-81 6:20 Amritsar

476 M 24-11-81 16:40 Jalandhar

477 M 01-12-72 4:37 Amritsar

M 24-08-76 21:55 Bassi Pathana

M 15-10-84 2:24 Moga

M 04-02-75 13:17 Amritsar

03-08-75 12:15 Nagpur

01-09-78 1:35 Yamunanagar 478 M 06-02-77 12:47 Patiala

479 M 22-01-67 19:30 Simla

M 31-07-82 17:05 Delhi

M 27-12-79 10:10 Udaipur 480 M 12-01-88 19:12 Ludhiana

21-06-73 6:55 Pathankot 481 M 29-08-85 9:05 Ludhiana

09-07-77 17:03 Pathankot 482 M 01-10-85 19:05 Sunam

M 14-04-73 14:00 Gwalior

483 M 27-03-82 8:20 Hissar 531 M 03-04-78 7:55 Gwalior 484 M 04-10-74 0:15 Phillaur 532 M 15-02-82 20:20 Delhi 485 M 13-01-76 7:30 Patiala

M 06-11-92 16:25 Ludhiana 486 M 29-08-79 10:30 Ludhiana

14-01-88 10:30 Faridabad 487 M 22-06-73 18:30 Ludhiana

M 23-10-70 6:30 Nangal 488 M 16-01-63 13:00 Delhi

M 29-03-83 18:55 Ajmer 489 M 17-11-80 9:10 Ludhiana 537 M 24-08-74 7:15 Moga 491 M 11-10-84 7:20 Ludhiana

M 11-09-79 11:30 Sangrur

M 07-11-73 5:45 Hardoi 539 M 17-01-78 13:00 Firozpur

493 M 23-11-86 9:20 Malerkotla

M 14-12-72 12:40 Ludhiana

M 10-09-72 18:00 Ambala

M 13-03-77 23:52 Khanna 495 M 05-11-82 12:05 Ludhiana 542 M 26-08-89 10:45 Ludhiana 496 M 04-12-79 4:00 Ludhiana 543 M 04-11-86 18:30 Ludhiana 497 M 11-08-84 13:57 Patiala

M 06-09-82 4:10 Bareilly

04-01-75 5:40 Delhi

500 M 03-12-84 23:55 Champa 547 M 22-09-85 14:10 Ludhiana 501 M 16-09-81 0:10 Ludhiana 548 M 30-08-81 16:00 Jalandhar

502 M 01-02-86 3:12 Firozpur

M 17-12-89 23:30 Ludhiana 552 M 13-11-67 13:45 Kurukshetra 505 M 24-06-90 12:00 Ludhiana 553 M 23-07-76 9:20 Gurgaon

506 M 05-04-56 14:03 Patti 554 M 03-02-76 23:00 Faridabad

M 08-06-82 18:35 Jalandhar

15:40 Firozpur

12-11-84 7:27 Ludhiana

509 M 23-08-82 18:02 Moga 557 M 17-07-91 3:05 Ludhiana 510 M 01-03-79 10:45 Delhi

511 M 15-02-84 23:28 Ludhiana

M 16-07-87 16:00 Jalandhar

M 11-07-81 17:05 Malerkotla

9:31 Ropar

20:04 Ludhiana

20-10-82 13:37 Ludhiana 514 M 05-02-89 10:21 Mansa

13-08-79 13:00 Lahore

515 M 06-10-86 16:15 Ludhiana

11-10-81 3:30 Khanna 516 M 28-06-78 7:35 Garhshankar

517 M 09-09-91 14:15 Jalandhar

518 M 30-07-81 2:00 Ludhiana

18-09-93 11:45 Ludhiana

05-05-86 5:45 Delhi

15-06-85 10:13 London 519 M 29-07-90 10:20 Ludhiana

18-10-88 3:38 Ludhiana

569 M 18-11-79 15:57 Sangrur 617 M 15-09-64 9:00 Amritsar

570 M 12-02-83 17:27 Karnal 618 M 01-03-87 15:50 Ludhiana

571 M 22-03-80 2:00 Ludhiana 619 M 03-03-86 9:47 Jaipur

573 M 21-02-87 3:50 Jammu 620 M 26-04-79 19:15 Jalandhar

574 M 31-12-82 10:45 Ludhiana 622 M 22-01-65 17:30 Ludhiana

575 M 27-06-87 16:42 Rajpura 623 M 23-05-85 4:23 Amritsar

577 M 23-02-88 18:00 Ludhiana 624 M 22-10-80 3:30 Ludhiana

578 M 15-01-84 12:15 Ambala 625 M 02-09-75 23:00 Jalandhar

579 M 24-07-82 21:30 Ludhiana 627 M 13-09-87 23:55 Bhatinda

580 M 01-05-82 9:45 Ambala 628 M 19-11-80 8:40 Ludhiana

581 M 03-10-87 11:30 Nawashahr 629 M 30-07-68 15:15 Jalandhar

582 M 11-10-85 11:48 Ludhiana 630 M 13-08-77 22:20 Ludhiana

583 M 30-11-81 19:30 Ahmedgarh 631 M 27-01-92 13:35 Ludhiana

584 M 22-08-82 18:15 Sirsa 632 M 14-04-76 9:15 Bilaspur

585 M 22-01-84 11:35 Ludhiana

M 10-09-81 15:30 Ludhiana

586 M 02-06-75 13:40 Ludhiana 634 M 24-06-80 21:15 Delhi 587 M 29-07-83 15:05 Ludhiana 635 M 05-10-82 22:00 Ludhiana

588 M 18-11-79 15:57 Dhuri 636 M 30-11-84 11:45 Nabha

589 M 27-11-85 11:15 Ludhiana 637 M 02-02-63 6:25 Ludhiana

590 M 31-08-74 18:45 Ludhiana 638 M 22-10-73 4:10 Ludhiana

591 M 05-11-71 6:05 Ludhiana 639 M 09-02-72 4:00 Chandigarh

592 M 26-11-76 16:45 Delhi

593 M 01-03-68 8:00 Jalandhar

M 21-07-87 9:45 Ludhiana

23-05-91 7:40 Delhi

594 M 10-11-72 23:07 Ludhiana 642 M 20-05-86 10:35 Bhuj

595 M 17-05-66 17:15 Ludhiana 643 M 10-09-83 8:00 Ludhiana

596 M 29-01-74 2:15 Ludhiana 644 F 22-08-66 16:10 Siliguri

597 M 13-12-89 22:37 Budhlada 645 F 20-09-64 16:00 Patiala

598 M 02-10-88 14:40 Dharampur

599 M 05-02-91 9:25 Hissar

600 M 17-10-90 23:11 Ludhiana

601 M 22-06-89 10:20 Jaipur

602 M 12-12-89 19:20 Chandigarh

603 M 14-06-89 3:40 Ambala

604 M 08-09-82 23:00 Ludhiana

605 M 09-07-84 0:35 Ludhiana

606 M 20-08-88 19:40 Ludhiana

607 M 08-11-73 23:45 Delhi

608 M 18-02-76 8:50 Ludhiana

609 M 27-12-82 19:00 Ludhiana

610 M 29-07-83 9:00 Amritsar

611 M 29-09-92 3:17 Ludhiana

612 M 02-08-82 13:49 Jalandhar

613 M 04-06-85 23:55 Dharamshala

614 M 02-09-74 14:40 Ludhiana

615 M 01-06-79 23:22 Ludhiana

616 M 10-12-78 14:29 Kathua

lanZHk&lwph

1- O;k[;kdkj] Jh vHk; dkR;k;u] ^Jh ukjnh; T;ksfr’k lafgrk*] i`- 202 ls i`- 211 rdA

2- O;k[;kdkj] ia dsnkj nRr] nSoK Jh vuUr lqr Jh jkekpk;Z] ^eqgwrZ fpUrkef.k*]

i`- 329 ls i`- 359 rdA

3- O;k[;kdkj] lqjs”k pUnz feJ] Jh fOkV~By nhf{kr] ^eqgwrZ dYinzwe*] i`- 122 ls i`-

150 rdA

4- O;k[;kdkj] “kqdnso prqosZnh] txUukFk Hklhu] ^iz”uekxZ* Hkkx 2] v/;k; 2- ^ifr iRuh dh vuqdwyrk* i`- 413 ls i`- 432 rdA

5- fiz;ozr “kekZ] ^xzg;ksx ,oa nkEiR; thou* izkDdFku i`- 4-A

6- O;k[;kdkj] xksis”k dqekj vkS>k] nSoK cS|ukFk fofjpr ^tkrd ikfjtkr*A

7- “kf”kukFk >k] T;ksfr’krÙofoe”kZ] T;ksfr’krÙokad] dY;k.k] o’kZ 88] i`- 153

8- “kf”kukFk >k] T;ksfr’krÙofoe”kZ] T;ksfr’krÙokad] dY;k.k] o’kZ 88] i`- 153

9- O;k[;kdkj lqjs”k pUnz feJ] osnkax T;ksfr’k] i`- 48&49] jatu ifCyds”kUl] ubZ fnYyh

10- O;k[;kdkj] MkW- Hkkstjkt f}osnh] ^vkpk;Z ojkgfefgj dk T;ksfr’k esa ;ksxnku*] i`23

11- O;k[;kdkj] MkW- Hkkstjkt f}osnh] ^vkpk;Z ojkgfefgj dk T;ksfr’k esa ;ksxnku*] i`48

12- O;k[;kdkj] Jh vHk; dkR;k;u] ^Jh ukjnh; T;ksfr’k lafgrk*] i`- 3-] pkS[kEck lqjHkkjrh izdk”ku] okjk.klh

13- usfepUnz “kkL=h] Hkkjrh; T;ksfr’k] i`- 18

14- usehpUnz “kkL=h] Hkkjrh; T;ksfr’k] i`- 19&20

15- “kf”kukFk >k] T;ksfr’krÙofoe”kZ] T;ksfr’krÙokad] dY;k.k] o’kZ 88] i`- 153

16- MkW- Hkkstjkt f}osnh] vkpk;Z ojkgfefgj dk T;ksfr’k esa ;ksxnku] i`- 17] jatu ifCyds”kUl] ubZ fnYyh

17- usfepUnz “kkL=h] Hkkjrh; T;ksfr’k] i`- 17] Hkkjrh; KkuihB] ubZ fnYyh

18- usfepUnz “kkL=h] Hkkjrh; T;ksfr’k] i`- 17] Hkkjrh; KkuihB] ubZ fnYyh

19- ds- ,e- dkifM+;k] Hkkjro’kZ esa fookg ,oa ifjokj] i`- 25&27A eksrh yky cukjlh nkl] fnYyhA

20- e`nqyk f=osnh] oSokfgd lq[k % T;ksfr’kh; lanHkZ] i`- 1] eksrh yky cukjlh nkl] fnYyh

21- MkW- jRuyky] fookg esykid ,oa xkspj fopkj] i`- 2

22- MkW- jRuyky] fookg esykid ,oa xkspj fopkj] i`- 2

23- oztfcgkjh pkScs] osn vkSj yksd thou] i`- 107

24- Jh vfu:)kpk;Z th] dY;k.k] laLdkj vad] i`- 114

25- fgLVh vkWQ /keZ”kkL=] Hkkx 2] [k.M 1] i`- 193

26- vkpk; Jh cynso mik/;k;] laLd`r ok³e; dk c`gn~ bfrgkl] f}rh; [k.M] osnkax] i`- 172

27- O;k[;kdkj] {ksedj.k nkl f=osnh] vFkoZosn] i`- 691

28&30- e`nqyk f=osnh] oSokfgd lq[k % T;ksfr’kh; lanHkZ] i`- 2

31- fiz;ozr “kekZ] ^xzg;ksx ,oa nkEiR; thou*] i`-&85] vfHkftr izdk”ku] iapdwyk

32- O;k[;kdkj] ia- dsnkj nRr tks”kh] c`gTtkrd] vfu’Vk/;k;%] i`- 348

33- O;k[;kdkj] ia- dsnkj nRr tks”kh] c`gTtkrd] L=htkrdk/;k;%] i`- 371

34- nsonRr tks”kh] ^lqxe T;ksfr’k*] i`- 348&349] eksrh yky cukjlh nkl] fnYyh

35- O;k[;kdkj Jh vHk; dkR;k;u] ^Jh ukjnh; tkrde~* pkS[kEck ifCyf”kax gkml]

fnYyh

36- O;k[;kdkj Jh ukjk;.k nkl] [kku[kkuk] [ksoV dkSrqde~] pkS[kEck ifCyds”ku]

fnYyh] i`- 56

37- MkW- gfj”kadj ikBd] ^Hkko dqrwgye~* ¼thoukFk½] pkS[kEck lqHkkjrh izdk”ku]

okjk.klh

38- txUukFk Hklhu ^Qfyr lq=* i`- 88] jatu ifCyds”kUl] fnYyh

39- pUnz nRr iUr ^yXupUnzizdk”k* eksrhyky culjlhnkl] fnYyh] i`- 76&79

40- O;k[;kdkj xksis”k dqekj vks>k] ^f=Qyk*] osMktkrd] i`- 247] eksrhyky cukjlh nkl

41- O;k[;kdkj xq#izlkn xkSM+] ^vkpk;Z ojkg* ^nSoK oYyHkk* fookgfopkjk/;k;] i`115] pkS[kEck lqjHkkjrh izdk”ku] okjk.klh

42- O;k[;kdkj “kqdnso prqosZnh] vkpk;Z ojkgfefgj nSoK oYyHkk i`- 107] jatu ifCyds”kUl

43- O;k[;kdkj MkW- lqjs”kpUnz feJ] vkpk;Z eqdqUn nSoK ^tkrd Hkw’k.k* tk;kHkkok/;k;] i`- 178

44- O;k[;kdkj MkW- xkSjh “kadj diwj ^tkrd lR;kpk;Z*] i`- 67

45- O;k[;kdkj MkW- lqjs”kpUnz feJ] ^tkrdkns”kekxZ*] i`- 241 eksrh yky cukjlh nkl] okjk.klh

46- O;k[;kdkj xksis”k dqekj vks>k] L=htkrdk/;k;] ^tkrd ikfjtkr*] Hkkx&2] i`980] eksrh yky cukjlh nkl] okjk.klh

47- O;k[;kdkj xksis”k dqekj vks>k] vUrnZ”kkQy] Qynhfidk] HkkokFkZ cksf/kuh] i`432] eksrh yky cukjlh nkl] okjk.klhA

48- eqdqUn oYyHk feJ] ^Qfyr&ekÙkZ.M+*] i`- 380] eksrh yky cukjlh nkl] ubZ fnYyhA

49- lEiknd] jkepUnz ikBd] jke;Ru vks>k] Qfyr fodkl] i`- 124] jatu ifCyds”kUl] ubZ fnYyhA

50- O;k[;kdkj] MkW] xkSjh“kadj diwj] HkkLdjkpk;Z d`r] ^Hkkonhfidk*] i`- 134&135

51- pUnznÙk iUr] ^iz”u pUnz izdk”k*] i`- 231] eksrh yky cukjlh nkl] fnYyhA

52- O;k[;kdkj ia- nsosUnz >k] ^c`gr~ikjk”kjgksjk”kkL=e~* i`- 608] pkS[kEck izdk”ku] okjk.klhA

53- Vhdkdkj ia- in~eukHk “kekZ] ^c`gr~ikjk”kjgksjk”kkL=e~* L=htkrdk/;k;] i`600&601] pkS[kEck lqjHkkjrh izdk”ku] okjk.klhA

esykid esa eaxy dk izHkko

çks- jkepUæ ik.Ms;] çksQslj T;ksfr"k foHkkx] esokM+ fo'ofo|ky;] fpÙkkSM+x<+] jktLFkku lfpu vk=s;] 'kksèkkFkhZ] esokM+ fo'ofo|ky;] fpÙkkSM+x<+] jktLFkku

fgUnw lekt esa yM+ds vkSj yM+fd;ksa dh dq.Myh feykr le; ^eaxyh nks"k* ij fo'ks"k cy fn;k tkrk gSA tkrd ds ekrk&firk dsoy ;g lqudj gh fpUrk esa iM+ tkrs gS fd mudk tkrd eaxyh gSA bl eaxyh nks"k dk vQokg ¼gkSvk½ bruk Hk;kud gksrk gS fd dqN yksx ;g irk yxu ij fd mudk tkrd eaxyh gS] udyh tUei=h cuok ysrs gSaA bls ^dqt nks"k* Hkh dgk x;k gSA bl izdkj vla[; lqUnj] lqf'kf{kr ,oa LoLFk tkrdksa ds fookg esa eaxyh nks"k dk vQokg ¼gkSvk½ fojks/k ;k foyEc mRiUu djrk gSA1 c`grikjk'kjgksjk'kkL=e~* ds 82osa v/;k; ^L=htkrdk/;k;* esa 47osa ls 49osa 'yksd esa yXu ls 1] 12] 4] 7 rFkk 8 Hkko esa eaxy fdlh Hkh 'kqHk xzg dh n`f"V ls ;k ;ksx ls jfgr gks rks bl ;ksx esa mRiUu L=h ifrgUr` gksrh gSA bl ;ksx esa dsoy eaxy dh HkkofLFkfr dk fopkj djrs gSaA ¼^'yksd

47*½ ftl ;ksx esa mRiUu dU;k ifr dk guu djrh gS] mlh ;ksx esa mRiUu iq#"k Hkh iRuh dk guu djrk gSA ifr gU=h dU;k dk iRuh gUrk iq#"k ds lkFk fookg gksus ls oSèkO; ;ksx u"V gks tkrk gSA ¼'yksd 48&49½

^yXus O;;s lq[ks okfi lIres o v"Ves dqtsA

'kqHkn`X;ksx ghus p ifra gUrh u la'k;% AA

;fLeu ;ksxs leqRiUuk ifr gfUr dqekfjdkA

rfLeu ;ksxs leqRiUuks iRuha gUrh ujksfi pAA

L=h gUrk ifj.khrk psr~ ifr gU=h dqekfjdkA rnk oS/kO;;ksxL; Hkaxks Hkofr fu'p;kr~AA2 ¼'yksd 47&49½ eaxyh nks"k % eaxyh nks"k rc ekuk tkrk gS] tc dq.Myh esa yXu] prqFkZ] lIre] v"Ve ;k }kn'k LFkku esa eaxy cSBk gksA yXu esa eaxy gks rks LokLF; ij nq"izHkko iM+rk gSA O;fDr LoHkko ls mxz ,oa ftn~nh gksrk gSA prqFkZ LFkku esa eaxy gksus ij thou esa HkksxksiHkksx dh lkexzh dh deh jgrh gSA ;gka fLFkr eaxy dh lIre LFkku ij n`f"V iM+rh gS] tks nkEiR;&lq[k ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkyrh gSA lIre LFkku esa fLFkr eaxy nkEiR;&lq[k ¼jfr lq[k½ dh gkfu rFkk iRuh ds LokLF; dks Hkh gkfu igqapkrk gSA bl LFkku

esa fLFkr eaxy dh n'ke ,oa f}rh; Hkko ij n`f"V iM+rh gSA n'ke LFkku vkthfodk dk rFkk f}rh; LFkku dqVqEc dk gksrk gSA vr% bl LFkku esa fLFkr eaxy vkthfodk ,oa dqVqEc ij Hkh viuk izHkko Mkyrk gSA v"Ve LFkku esa fLFkr eaxy thou esa fo?u] ck/kk ,oa nEifr esa ls fdlh ,d dh e`R;q Hkh dj ldrk gSA }kn'k LFkku esa fLFkr eaxy O;fDr dh Ø;'kfDr ¼O;;½ dks izHkkfor djus ds lkFk lIre Hkko ij viuh n`f"V ds }kjk lk{kkr~ nkEiR;&lq[k dks Hkh izHkkfor djrk gSA3 bu ikap LFkkuksa esa ls yXu] prqFkZ] lIre ,oa }kn'k LFkku esa fLFkr eaxy viuh n`f"V ;k ;qfr ls lIre LFkku dks izHkkfor djus ds dkj.k nkEiR;&lq[k ds fy, gkfudkj ekuk x;k gSA v"Ve LFkku vk;q dk izfrfuf/k Hkko gS rFkk ;g iRuh dk ekjd ¼lIre ls f}rh; gksus ds dkj.k½ LFkku gksrk gSA vr% bl LFkku dk eaxy nEifr esa ls fdlh ,d dh e`R;q dj ldrk gSA blfy, bl LFkku esa Hkh eaxy dh fLFkfr vPNh ugha ekuh xbZA T;ksfr"k 'kkL= esa bu ikapksa LFkkuksa eas ls fdlh ,d LFkku esa eaxy gksus ij eaxy ds iM+us okys nq"izHkko dks gh eaxyh nks"k dgk tkrk gSA

'kks/k

'kks/k ds vuqlkj nkEiR; thou ij eaxy nks"k dk izHkko %

izLrqr 'kks/k esa 1747 tkrdksa dh tUedq.Mfy;ksa dk v/;;u fd;k x;k gSA bu tkrdksa esa 1252 tkrdksa dk

nkEiR; thou lq[kn ugha jgkA ftuesa 598 L=h tkrd gSa rFkk 654 iq:"k tkrd gSaA lq[kn nkEiR; thou ds tkrdksa dh la[;k 495 gSaA ftuesa 239 L=h tkrd rFkk

256 iq:"k tkrd gSaA 'kks/k bl izdkj gS %

lq[kn nkEiR; thou rFkk nq[kn nkEiR; thou dh tUe dq.Mfy;ksa esa }kn'k Hkkoksa esa eaxy dh fLFkfr dh la[;k o mudk izfr'kr fuEu rkfydk esa n'kkZ;k x;k gS %

rkfydk 1

% 7-09 9-28 10-99 7-68 6-46 8-27 10-13 8-56 9-04 7-62 7-07 7-86 nq[kn nkEiR; 96

% 7-62 7-20 9-28 7-84 9-12 9-78 8-55 8-81 9-96 8-23 5-95 8-28

izFke rkfydk dk v/;;u djus ij lHkh nq[kn nkEiR; ds tkrdksa dh tUedq.Mfy;ksa esa uoe Hkko ¼9-96%½] "k"Be Hkko ¼9-78%½] r`rh; Hkko ¼9-28%½ o iape Hkko ¼9-12%½] esa eaxy dk izfr'kr izFke ¼7-62%½] prqFkZ ¼7-84%½] lIre ¼8-55%½] v"Ve ¼8-81%½ o }kn'k ¼8-28%½ Hkkoksa ds izfr'kr ls vf/kd jgk gSA lq[kn nkEiR; thou dh tUe dq.Mfy;ksa esa lIre Hkko ds eaxy dk izfr'kr lokZf/kd jgk gSA izFke Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; thou ¼7-09%½ o nq[kn nkEiR; thou esa ¼7-62%½] prqFkZ Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; ¼7-68%½ o nq[kn nkEiR; thou esa ¼7-84%½] lIre Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; thou ¼10-13%½ o nq[kn ¼8- 55%½] v"Ve Hkko esa lq[kn ¼8-56%½ o nq[kn ¼8-81%½ rFkk }kn'k Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; ¼7- 86%½ o nq[kn ¼8-28%½ jgk gSA

f}rh; rkfydk dk v/;;u djus ij lHkh iq:"k tkrdksa dh tUe dq.Mfy;ksa esa ftudk nkEiR; thou nq[kn jgkA eaxy lIre Hkko ¼10-09%½ o v"Ve Hkko ¼10-09%½ esa lokZf/kd jgk gSA lcls de }kn'k Hkko ¼7-19%½ esa eaxy dh fLFkfr dk izfr'kr jgk gSA lq[kn nkEiR; thou dh tUe dq.Mfy;ksa esa f}rh; ¼9-77%½ Hkko ds eaxy dk izfr'kr vf/kd jgk gSA izFke Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; thou ¼8-98%½ o nq[kn nkEiR; thou esa ¼8-56%½] prqFkZ Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; ¼7-42%½ o nq[kn nkEiR; thou esa ¼7-65%½] lIre Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; thou ¼9-38%½ o nq[kn ¼10-09%½] v"Ve Hkko esa lq[kn ¼6-25%½ o nq[kn ¼10- 09%½ rFkk }kn'k Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; ¼8-20%½ o nq[kn ¼7-19%½ jgk gSA

r`rh; rkfydk dk v/;;u djus ij lHkh L=h tkrdksa dh tUe dq.Mfy;ksa esa ftudk nkEiR; thou nq[kn jgk gSA eaxy uoe Hkko ¼11-20%½]‘"k"Ve Hkko ¼10-54%½ o r`rh; Hkko ¼10-03%½ vf/kd o lcls de ,dkn'k Hkko ¼5-18%½ o izFke Hkko esa ¼6-69%½ jgk gSA izFke Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; thou ¼5-02%½ o nq[kn nkEiR; thou esa ¼6-69%½] prqFkZ Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; ¼7-95%½ o nq[kn nkEiR; thou esa ¼8-03%½] lIre Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; thou ¼10-88%½ o nq[kn ¼7-02%½]

RESEARCH JOURNAL

v"Ve Hkko esa lq[kn ¼10-88%½ o nq[kn ¼7-53%½ rFkk }kn'k Hkko esa lq[kn nkEiR; ¼7-53%½ o nq[kn ¼8-36%½ jgk gSA mijksDr rkfydkvksa dk v/;;u djus ls Kkr gqvk gS fd lq[kn nkEiR; thou o nq[kn nkEiR; thou ds izfr'kr esa dksbZ fo'ks"k vUrj ugha feyk gSA vr% tUe dq.Myh esa vdsys eaxy dh Hkkoxr fLFkfr u rks nkEiR; thou dks nq%[ke; cuk ldrh gS vkSj u gh lq[ke;A

uhps dh rkfydkvksa esa eaxy dh izFke] prqFkZ] lIre] v"Ve o }kn'k Hkko esa fLFkfr ds dkj.k nkEiR; thou esa gksu okys izHkko dk izfr'kr fn;k tk jgk gS %

4 ¼dqy ifj.kke½

rkfydk 6 ¼ifj.kke L=h tkrd½

miyfC/k % iq:"k tkrdksa dh tUedq.Mfy;ksa esa eaxy f}rh;] uoe o lIre Hkko esa 'kqHk rFkk iape o v"Ve Hkko esa v'kqHk gksrk gSA L=h tkrdksa dh tUe dq.Mfy;ksa esa r`rh;] lIre o v"Ve Hkko dk eaxy 'kqHk rFkk "k"Ve o uoe Hkko dk eaxy v'kqHk gksrk gSA

1- MkW- 'kqdnso prqosZnh] nkEiR; lq[k] i`- 119

2- Vhdkdkj ia- in~eukHk 'kekZ] ^c`grikjk'kjgksjk'kkL=e~*] i`- 600&601

3- MkW- 'kqdnso prqosZnh] nkEiR; lq[k] i`- 119&120

Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.