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Editorial Calendar

January.............. Wastewater Treatment February ............ Water Supply; Alternative Sources March................. Energy Efficiency; Environmental Stewardship April ................... Conservation and Reuse May ................... Operations and Utilities Management June................... Biosolids Management and Bioenergy Production July ....................Stormwater Management; Emerging Technologies; Florida Water Resources Conference Review August ............... Disinfection; Water Quality September......... Emerging Issues; Water Resources Management October.............. New Facilities, Expansions, and Upgrades November.......... Water Treatment December.......... Distribution and Collection

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Blue Planet Environmental Systems ..................................... 67 CEU Challenge ......................................................................... 53 Data Flow .................................................................................. 47 Florida Water Resources Conference .................................... 19 FSAWWA Conference .........................................................38-44 FWPCOA Training .................................................................... 36 Gerber Pumps ............................................................................ 7 Heyward ...................................................................................... 2 Hudson Pump .......................................................................... 27 Hydro International .................................................................... 5 InfoSence ................................................................................. 65 Jones Edmunds ....................................................................... 33 Lakeside ..................................................................................... 7 PolyProcessing ........................................................................ 17 UF TREEO Center .................................................................... 49 US Submergent ........................................................................ 37 Xylem ........................................................................................ 68

1. A) per- and polyfluoroalkyl

substances.

Per EPA’s PFAS website, under EPA’s Current Understanding, “Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of manufactured chemicals that have been used in industry and consumer products since the 1940s because of their useful properties. There are thousands of different PFAS, some of which have been more widely used and studied than others.”

2. B) perfluorooctane sulfonate

(PFOS).

Per EPA’s PFAS website, under EPA’s Current Understanding, “Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), for example, are two of the most widely used and studied chemicals in the PFAS group.”

3. D) is not expected to have

negative health effects over a certain period of exposure.

Per EPA’s PFAS Health Advisories Webinar, “The numeric health advisory level shows how much of a chemical or contaminant is not expected to have negative health effects over a certain period of exposure. A lifetime health advisory (including these four) protects all Americans, including sensitive populations and life stages, from adverse health effects resulting from exposure throughout their lives.”

4. D) 29

Per EPA’s website on the Fifth Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR5) under Monitoring Scope, “PWSs will collect samples for 29 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and lithium.”

5. C) 0.02 ppt.

Per EPA’s PFAS Health Advisories Webinar, under Summary of Four PFAS Health Advisories, “Chemical – PFOA – Health Advisory Level – 0.004 ppt (Interim) Chemical – PFOS – Health Advisory Level – 0.02 ppt (Interim).”

6. C) 10 ppt

Per EPA’s PFAS Health Advisories Webinar, under Summary of Four PFAS Health Advisories, “Chemical – GenX Chemicals – Health Advisory Level – 10 ppt (Final) “Chemical – PFBS – Health Advisory Level – 2,000 ppt (Final).” Per EPA’s PFAS Strategic Roadmap, under the Office of Water section, “In March 2021, EPA published the Fourth Regulatory Determinations, including a final determination to regulate perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) in drinking water. . . EPA expects to issue a proposed regulation in fall 2022 (before the agency’s statutory deadline of March 2023). The agency anticipates issuing a final regulation in fall 2023 after considering public comments on the proposal.”

8. D) PFBS and GenX chemicals

Per EPA’s PFAS Strategic Roadmap, under the Office of Water section, subsection, “Publish health advisories for GenX and PFBS expected spring 2022. . . EPA will publish health advisories for perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) and GenX chemicals based on final toxicity assessments.”

9. D) Facilities where PFAS is

expected or suspected to be in wastewater or stormwater discharges

Per EPA’s PFAS Strategic Roadmap, under the Office of Water section, subsection, “Leverage NPDES permitting to reduce PFAS discharges to waterways. . . EPA will issue new guidance recommending that stateissued permits that do not already include monitoring requirements for PFAS use EPA’s recently published analytical method 1633, which covers 40 unique PFAS, at facilities where PFAS is expected or suspected to be present in wastewater and stormwater discharges.”

10. B) A risk assessment

Per EPA’s PFAS Strategic Roadmap, under the Office of Water section, subsection “Finalize risk assessment for PFOA and PFOS in biosolids expected winter 2024. . . A risk assessment is key to determining the potential harm associated with human exposure to chemicals. EPA will complete the risk assessment for PFOA and PFOS in biosolids by winter 2024. The risk assessment will serve as the basis for determining whether regulation of PFOA and PFOS in biosolids is appropriate.”