One of the fundamental aspects of art is space. It concerns the distance between or the area around and within shapes, colors, forms, and lines. It includes all types of grounds such as background, middle ground, and foreground. It can be positive or negative, open or closed, two-dimensional or three-dimensional, shallow or deep.
A space in a work of art plays a significant role in its success, be it positive or negative.
Read more about Elements of Space at https://5amily.com/painting/blog/elements-of-space-in-art