July 2017 kidsvilleNews! by Gwinnett Daily Post Special Section

HEY! THIS PAPER BELONGS TO:

GWINNETT COUNTY’S FUN FAMILY EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE

WHY STORIES MATTER

E E R F www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

check out the calendar pagE FOR THINGS TO DO THIS MONTH!

JULY 2017

GWINNETT COUNTY’S FUN FAMILY NEWSPAPER

www.KidsvilleNews.com Kidsville News! produced by Merrigold Publications NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, MERRIGOLD PUBLICATIONS Bill Bowman • bbowman@upandcomingweekly.com NATIONAL EDITOR Stephanie Crider • stephanie@kidsvillenews.com ILLUSTRATOR Cover & Truman • Dan Nelson Published monthly by Gwinnett Daily Post 725 Old Norcross Road, Lawrencville, GA 30046 770-963-9205 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett For Advertising/Sponsor opportunities, Contact Elizabeth Hill • 770-963-9205 ext. 1208 elizabeth.hill@gwinnettdailypost.com GRAPHIC DESIGNER Anna N. Yang

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Copyright ©2016 by Merrigold Publishing, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this issue may be reproduced in whole or in part in any form without permission of the publisher or copyright holder. Neither participating advertisers nor the publishers will be responsible or liable for misinformation, misprints or typographical errors. The publishers reserve the right to edit any submitted material. Merrigold Publishing, Inc. is not responsible for unsolicited manuscripts, artwork, or other material. Children’s submissions should include name, address, telephone number, and permission to publish signed by a parent or guardian.

ATTEND THE GEORGIA URBAN AG & OUTDOOR EXPO

EXPO

2 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • July 2017 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

GEORGIA URBAN AG & OUTDOOR EXPO! Showcasing Agri-science & Technology

DID YOU KNOW? Broccoli is actually a Some plants are carnivorous... they eat

2000

FLOWER

Around different types of plants are used by humans to make food.

INSECTS!!

BAMBOO can be a fast growing plant, some types can grow almost 3.28 feet in just one day!

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Showcasing Agri-science & Technology 2......... Truman’s Letter/Gee Thanks 3..........................Around the World 4....................What’s it Like to Be... 5........... Hidden Pictures/MathTime Georgia Urban Ag and Outdoor Expo 6................... Cultural Connections/ .............................Come Out & Play 7 ..................................Space Place 8.................ParenTown’s KidSmart/ ....................... Conservation Corner 9.................................Beach Safety 10 .................................. Puzzleville GOATS, ParenTown’s PONIES, TRACTORS 11 ............... KidShape/AND OF COURSE, LOT’S OF VEGGIES! .............................Kidsville Kitchen MAY 20 - 21 (FRIDAY & SATURDAY) 2016 GEORGIA URBAN 12 .....................Where in the World 8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. AG & OUTDOOR 13 ..................................... Calendar GEORGIA URBAN GWINNETT COUNTY AG FAIRGROUNDS, & OUTDOOR 14 ....................................Wildville/ LAWRENCEVILLE GA .................. Hidden Puzzle Answers 15 ................................ Connections www.GAUrbanExpo.com 16 ........... Reviews By Kids For Kids

Don’t miss the

ORCHIDS do not

need soil to grow. They get all of their nutrients from the air.

www.GAUrbanExpo.com

Around the

WORLD

July 4 is America’s birthday. If you haven’t heard the story by now, you are missing a good one! On June 7, 1776, the Continental Congress met in Philadelphia. The colonists were frustrated. It was Richard Henry Lee who submitted the resolution claiming the 13 colonies should be independent from Britain. By July 1, Thomas Jefferson had drafted the Declaration of Independence,

and the Continental Congress was ready to reconvene and take action. Twelve of the 13 colonies were in agreement. Only New York refused to vote. After some minor revisions, the Declaration of Independence was adopted, and America was born! The very next year, on July 4, 1777, people celebrated America’s birthday with fireworks. It’s a tradition that continues to this day.

Our neighbor to the north, Canada, also celebrates its independence this month, but on July 1. On that date in 1867, the British Parliament passed the British North America Act, making Canada a self-governing nation. Originally, the holiday was known as Dominion Day, but it was changed to Canada Day by the Canadian Parliament on Oct. 27, 1982.

www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • July 2017 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 3

a Storyteller? Please tell our readers a little bit about yourself. My name is Len Cabral, and I am a full-time storyteller. I have been sharing stories with children in grades K through 12 for 40 years. I travel and perform nationally and internationally at festivals, museums, theaters and educational conferences. I tell folktales, legends and fairy tales from around the world and original tales with some poetry thrown in for good measure.

When did you know you wanted to be a storyteller? I didn’t know about storytelling when I was growing up. I knew that I loved it when my teachers read aloud to the class. I still love to hear people read aloud, and I like to read aloud myself even when I’m by myself. When I was a kid, I was not any different from you. I thought I’d be a fireman or football player or basketball player, typical boy stuff. I did know that whatever I did when I grew up, I wanted to enjoy it. I feel blessed that I have a job that I enjoy.

Why is this work important? I realized the importance of storytelling when in the early 1970s I was working in a daycare center and I oversaw 15 five-year-olds. That is when I discovered the importance of storytelling as a teaching tool. The teachers that we remember best from our years of schooling were the ones that told stories because stories connect us to each other and help build community. Stories also help us understand each other and lead listeners to an area of compassion and empathy.

What is one thing you wish everyone knew about telling stories? That all our ancestors, no matter where they came from, all told stories. Since the beginning of time, people have told stories, and we still tell stories — so it must be important. I want adults to know when their children ask them for a story, they are not asking for an epic. They just want to hear a story. They want to know the time you got bit by a dog! About the time you almost got bit by a dog but ran faster than you thought you could! (That’s a story with a happy ending!) They also want to know if you ever cut yourself and had to get stitches. They want to know how you got that scar on your arm or leg or hand. I want adults and parents to tell stories to their children.

What is your favorite thing about your job? Seeing the sense of wonder on the faces of the listeners, children and adults, and also making people aware of the pleasure and power of the spoken word.

4 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • July 2017 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

3:30

How many noses are there? ______ How may ears are there? ______ How many front paws are there? ______

Maggie and Andre started raking leaves at noon. They finished in three and a half hours. Draw hands on the clocks to show when they started and when they finished.

12pm

MATH

TIME

www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • July 2017 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 5

Noses: 5, Ears: 10, Front paws: 10

Cultural Connections Imagine the World with

No Written Communication No street signs, no texting, no symbols for gaming controllers, no books. Thousands of years ago, there was no writing. People had to talk to each other to transfer information. As societies moved from hunting and gathering to farming, people stopped moving around as much. They needed a way to keep track of their crops. Rulers wanted a way to keep track of things like taxes. It was the Mesopotamians who are credited with the first form of writing in 3100 B.C.E. They used it to keep records. These first writings were nothing like the complex alphabet system we use today. They are called pictographs. They were more like pictures, sort of like emojis, but for business.

Scribes used pointed tools to draw on soft clay. Many of the tablets discovered by archeologists have information about barley crops on them. Barley was a major crop in Mesopotamia. By 3500-3000 B.C.E., the pictograph system had evolved into cuneiform writing. The city of Uruk is credited with advancing this type of writing. To write in cuneiform, scribes used a stylus with a wedge on the end to make impressions that represented words and images into soft clay. This form of writing spread to all of Mesopotamia where people used this type of writing until about 100 B.C.E., which is when alphabet-like script came into existence.

For more information, visit the following sites: http://www.ancient.eu/cuneiform/ http://www.mesopotamia.co.uk/writing/story/sto_set.html

Come Out & Play It is a style of performance that was made popular by David Shepherd and Paul Sills in Chicago in 1955. It is a type of theater, but it is unique because there are no scripts. Instead, actors go out on stage and spontaneously make up the scenes they perform. There are two types of improv: long form and short form. In long form, the actors create scenes that can last over 20 minutes. Short form is usually more like short games that are over in just a couple minutes. Here are a few short form improv games that anyone can play. AND THEN is a short form improv game made for a group of people. • Everyone sits together in a circle, and someone starts a story. • After a few sentences, the speaker says, “and then.” • Then the story moves over to the next person who continues telling it. • The story goes around in a circle until it is over. • The idea is to create a story together that makes sense. • No one should tell more than a few sentences of the story at a time.

Another game is called EMOTIONAL MIRROR. • This game must be played in pairs. • The two players should face each other and talk in gibberish. • Gibberish is a made-up language that means nothing but sounds like language. • One partner should speak gibberish and try to display a specific emotion. • The other partner should copy this emotion in their own gibberish. • After a few minutes, the partner should switch emotions.

A third improv game is FREEZE & JUSTIFY. • This is also played by groups. • Two actors step up and start improvising a scene. • The rest of the group stands around them, and at any moment, someone can shout, “Freeze!” • The actors must freeze, and who ever stopped the scene taps an actor on the shoulder, and they switch places. • After the switch is complete, a new scene must start. • The goal is for the change between scenes to be smooth. There is no right or wrong scene in improv. For all these games, the goal is just to have fun and work together as a team.

For more information, visit the following sites: http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/631.html • http://www.childdrama.com/warmups.html • http://www.kidactivities.net/post/improv-games-and-exercises.aspx

6 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • July 2017 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

Getting a Boost from Gravity By Linda Hermans-Killiam

An illustration of Mariner 10 making use of the “gravitational slingshot” maneuver. Image credit: NASA.

It takes a lot of fuel to escape Earth’s gravity. The more a spacecraft weighs, the more fuel rockets need to launch them. Spacecraft also have to carry fuel to help them travel through space. Every bit of fuel adds weight and cost to space missions. Fortunately, there is a way to help spacecraft travel around the solar system without using much fuel. How is this done? Through a clever maneuver called a gravity assist! With gravity assist, a spacecraft aimed at a faraway destination first flies close to a nearby planet. When the spacecraft gets close, the planet’s gravity causes it to fall faster and faster until it reaches its closest point to the planet. After that, it keeps going and slows down because of the planet’s gravity. However, the planet’s own motion and its gravity have changed the spacecraft’s speed and direction. In this way, gravity assist can help a spacecraft speed up or slow down by thousands of miles per hour!

MEET THE ICONS OF THE ICE AGE New Exhibit FREE with Museum admission.

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FernbankMuseum.org | @FernbankMuseum

In 1974, Mariner 10 was the first spacecraft to use gravity assist to reach another planet. It flew by Venus to reduce its speed so it could go on to Mercury. The Voyager 2 spacecraft used a gravity assist from Jupiter to propel it towards Saturn. It then used gravity from Saturn to get to Uranus and then used Uranus to get to Neptune. More recently, New Horizons used a gravity assist from Jupiter to reach Pluto in much less time than a direct flight from Earth. By using gravity assist, spacecraft can also visit asteroids and comets. NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft will fly by Earth in September 2017. It will get a gravity assist from Earth to propel it towards asteroid Bennu. It will gather a sample from the asteroid in 2020 and return it to Earth. Large moons can also help with gravity assists. NASA’s Galileo spacecraft used gravity assists from Jupiter’s large moons to visit other moons. The Cassini probe used gravity assists from Saturn’s largest moon, Titan. This helped it travel among the other moons and rings of Saturn. These are just a few examples of missions that have used gravity assist. Future missions will continue to use this clever method for traveling through space. We may have to fight gravity to get into space, but we can work with it to explore the solar system. Learn more about gravity! Visit the NASA Space Place: https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/what-is-gravity

www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • July 2017 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 7

Did You Know? Once a term that dominated newspaper headlines and environmental discourse,

“global warming”

Unfortunately, bug bites are more than just a nuisance. They can trigger allergic reactions in some people, and may transmit diseases like Zika Virus, Dengue Fever, West Nile Virus and Lyme Disease. Taking these precautions this summer can help the whole family stay bite-free. DRAIN THE SWAMP Walk around your property after rainfall or after watering the lawn and take note of areas that are not draining properly or are catching and holding water in objects like garden buckets, lids and frisbees. CHOOSE THE RIGHT BUG SPRAY Lyme Disease expert Dr. Michael Jacobs MD says, “When shopping for insect repellents, look for those with the active ingredients DEET or Picaridin, two of the most effective active ingredients at preventing bug bites. Stronger concentrations of the active ingredient in the formula will give you more hours of protection. For example, a 10 percent DEET or 7 percent Picaridin formula provides one to two hours of protection, while higher concentrations provide protection for eight hours and longer.” Safe for pregnant and breast-feeding women, and a popular choice for families, Natrapel Tick & Insect Repellant uses the CDC recommended 20 percent Picaridin active ingredient and provides up to 12 hours of protection against mosquitoes and ticks. This formula

is also safe on gear and comes in variety of sprays and wipes for easy application. For outdoor enthusiasts, DEET is the best-selling active ingredient in the U.S. For a trusted choice, consider Ben’s Tick & Insect Repellent, the first brand to register a 10-hour, 100 percent DEET formula with the EPA. The brand also offers an eight-hour, 30 percent DEET water-based formula that is made to evaporate slowly — so repellent stays on longer with little absorption into the skin. COVER UP AND BE SMART When outdoors, particularly in wooded areas, wear loose-fitting long sleeves and pants. Light colors are a good choice, as mosquitoes seem to prefer darker clothing. WHY ME? There are many factors that can make one person more appealing than another to mosquitoes. And some are beyond one’s control, such as blood type and genetics. However, mosquitoes are attracted to sweat, so don’t forget the deodorant. VACATION OR STAYCATION Research your destination so you know what types of insects you can expect to encounter. Remember, most species of mosquitoes in the U.S. are busiest at dusk. During those hours, take extra precautions to avoid becoming their meal.

8 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • July 2017 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

is now heard far less frequently. Many may assume global warming has been rebranded as “climate change,” but the two are not one and the same. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, global warming refers exclusively to the earth’s rising surface temperature, while climate change includes global warming but also its side effects. Such side effects include the melting of the world’s glaciers and the growing frequency of drought and heavier rainstorms. Global warming is also used most often to refer to warming caused by humans, while climate change is a term used when discussing environmental changes that are humancaused or natural.

Paper recycling

Did you know that 40% less energy is used when making paper from recycled materials?

Calendars

Tissue Box

D X W M T H K N Z A G N V Y F P P R B O I M B K M E E M S J C X L A

Greeting Cards

A O C B Z R P U P W Y B A X E H P

Envelope

O S B N L D W O V O S L A J C X E

Cardboard Shoe Box Newspaper Paper Bags Cereal Box

B A P V N A L X W Q E P S S P I R D B L G R E E T I N G C A R D S B R H W V V E H R D M M G D P X O A A W V N J U T A E T C I G L E T G C I E N X R R X E C B M D V H R S X O B E U S S I T S H O E B O X C

www.sustainablegwinnett.com

Have Fun at the Beach, but

Stay Safe!

The summer months are the perfect time for a beach trip. However, it’s important to know the facts about beach safety when planning your next trip — the ocean can be dangerous if you’re not prepared. Many beaches use warning flags to indicate dangerous conditions. When going to the beach, be on the lookout for signs that indicate what the different warning flags mean. In this way, if you see a warning flag being used, you can know what to look out for. However, not all beaches use warning flags, and the warning flags may be different from beach to beach. One of the beach’s biggest dangers are rip currents. Rip currents are narrow, powerful currents of water that are found at the nation’s surf beaches. They can quickly carry you away from the shore and even cause drowning. Each year, over 100 people in the United States die due to rip currents. If you get caught in a rip current the best thing to do is not swim against the current, relax and float. If possible, escape the current by swimming in a direction toward the shoreline. If unable to escape the current, face the shore and call or wave for help. The

chance of drowning at a beach with lifeguards is very small (a chance of 1 in 18 million). Rip currents aren’t the only danger in the water — waves can also be dangerous. Plunging waves are the most dangerous type of breaking waves. They can easily slam your body into the ocean floor. Many spinal and head injuries are caused in this way. Surging waves can also be dangerous as they can easily knock you over as they rush up and back down the beach. Even small waves can be dangerous.

Heat and sun safety are two other things to keep in mind when at the beach. It’s important to always wear sunscreen to protect yourself against UV exposure when you’re going to be in the sun for an extended period of time. You’ll also want to make sure that you stay hydrated. Additionally, it helps to wear light-colored clothes, a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses. Lastly, always pay attention to the weather. If a thunderstorm is approaching, immediately take shelter

REMEMBER: STAY DRY WHEN THE WAVES ARE HIGH!

indoors or in a hard-topped vehicle to avoid being struck

When the waves aren’t high and you’d like to enjoy some time in the water, it’s always important to enter the feet first. Don’t dive in head-first because if the water is shallow, you can cause serious injuries if your head hits the bottom.

So now you know a few good tips to help make your trip to the beach a safe one! For more information about beach safety, visit http://www.ripcurrents.noaa.gov/beach_hazards.html

by lightning. Beach activities are the second greatest cause of lightning fatalities.

www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • July 2017 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 9

autarky [aw-tahr-kee]

a national policy of economic independence.

10 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • July 2017 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

Early Childhood Education is Crucial:

How You Can Help New research shows that many pre-K classrooms could benefit from more resources, especially for the most vulnerable children. Ninety-four percent of Head Start teachers report needing more resources to enrich their classrooms, and 84 percent say they are unable to fund experiences they want to provide, in a recent study by the National Head Start Association. Early education and child development programs, such as Head Start, support the nation’s youngest children during the early critical years. What if you could help those children most in need to receive more classroom resources and learning experiences with a few mouse clicks? Now you can, thanks to a new $5 million grant from the PNC Foundation to DonorsChoose.org. The grant helps preschool teachers obtain enhanced classroom resources and experiences to inspire their students’ love of learning.

Help a Child

DonorsChoose.org is an online charity that connects individual donors with classrooms in need. This collaboration with PNC helped the charity expand its platform to include Head Start teacher requests.

Kidsville Kitchen Try Your Hand at Homemade Ice Cream! Summer is the season for ice cream. Dessertloving foodies can try their hands at making their own creamy confections, such as the following recipe for “Blueberry Ice Cream” from Lou Seibert Pappas’ Ice Creams & Sorbets (Chronicle Books).

The Head Start study also noted that 93 percent of teachers either considered buying or bought classroom supplies out of their own pockets; 88 percent reported spending up to $500. These figures suggest that pre-K teachers need more resources to give students the best education possible. According to DonorsChoose.org, pre-K teacher requests on their site typically range from books to art supplies, science equipment, field trips and more.

How You Can Help This alliance is a part of the mission of PNC Grow Up Great, a $350 million, multi-year bilingual initiative in early childhood education. A recent donation of $504,000 was used to “flash fund” 849 open preschool teacher requests in PNC’s footprint. Individuals can take advantage of the initiative, too. PNC will match donations dollar-for-dollar for pre-K requests listed on DonorsChoose. org that fall within PNC’s primary footprint in 22 states and the District of Columbia, subject to some restrictions and a maximum dollar amount. Donors can make the most of their support by taking advantage of the match. High-quality early learning prepares children for kindergarten and beyond. When classrooms have the resources they need, teachers are better equipped to inspire a lifelong love of learning.

Blueberry Ice Cream Makes about 1 quart 2 2 2 2⁄3 11⁄2 1 1 1

cups fresh blueberries tablespoons water teaspoons grated lemon zest cup sugar, divided cups half-and-half or milk cup heavy (whipping) cream tablespoon freshly squeezed lemon juice teaspoon vanilla extract

Rinse the berries and pick out any bad ones. Place in a small saucepan with the water and cook over low heat until tender, about 10 minutes. Let cool slightly and purée in a blender or food processor. In a small bowl, mash the zest with 1 teaspoon of the sugar to release the oils. In a small saucepan, combine the half-and-half with the remaining sugar, stirring until dissolved; let cool to room temperature. Stir in the blueberry purée, cream, sugared zest, juice and vanilla. Transfer to a container, cover and refrigerate until thoroughly chilled, about 3 hours. Freeze in an ice cream maker according to the manufacturer’s instructions. When the ice cream is almost frozen, churn about 1 minute more. Transfer to a container, cover and freeze until firm, about 2 hours. www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • July 2017 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 11

free activities every sunday from 1-4pm

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Enjoy a variety of activities, including workshops, performances, tours, interactive story times and more, for FREE every Sunday from 1-4pm! Register online at woodruffcreateATL.org or call the Box Office at 404.733.5000 for more information.

Where in the world is...

Mesopotamia is a region between the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers in southwestern Asia. Today the region is part of Turkey, Syria and Iraq. This region is famous because it is where civilization was first started by the first people who lived there: the Sumerians. The Euphrates and the Tigris Rivers make the land fertile, but getting enough water was still a problem. Instead of relying on the rare rains, the Sumerians invented irrigation. They dug canals to move water from the rivers to large areas of land. The rivers provided a steady supply of water. Artificial irrigation allowed people to start farming in this region without relying on rainfall. The farms could produce so much food that not every person had to farm to survive. Some people could farm, and others could trade, build and invent. • Mesopotamia is a Greek word that means “be-

tween two rivers.” • The Sumerians were the first people to live in Mesopotamia, and they lived in a bunch of small city-states. Each city had its own king who ruled the city and the farms around it. • The Akkadians united all the small city-states into one large empire and changed the main language of the area called Akkadian. • The Babylonians came next in the region. • They created the most powerful city: Babylon. The Babylonians spread their empire across the Middle East. • The Babylonians created the oldest written law in the world: The Code of Hammurabi The Hammurabi Code is an important part of the history of Mesopotamia. It is named after the Babylonian

12 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • July 2017 • www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett

King who created it: Hammurabi. This King ruled from 1792 to 1749 B.C.E. We know about the code because 282 laws were recorded on large clay tablets. These clay tablets were spread all over Babylon so that the citizens would know the rules of the land. The laws covered issues like trade, theft, trade, divorce and slavery. For more information visit the following sites: http://www.ancient.eu/Mesopotamia/ http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/ancient_mesopotamia.php https://www.britannica.com/place/Mesopotamia-historical-region-Asia

Sunday

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

JULY 3

Friday

Saturday

8 7:05PM Vs. Indianapolis

EVERY TUESDAY!

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Kids First Coming Attractions Radio Show, 4 p.m. Eastern http://voiceamerica. com/channel/261/ voiceamerica-kids

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www.kidsvillenews.com/gwinnett • July 2017 • KIDSVILLE NEWS • 13

Domesticated Animals The Fertile Crescent is an area in Southwest Asia. It includes parts of Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Cyprus, Jordan, Israel, the state of Palestine, Egypt, Turkey and Iran. This part of the world is known for its hot and dry climate, which makes it difficult for anything to live or grow. However, the Fertile Crescent surrounds the Nile River, the Euphrates River and the Tigris River. The rivers made this land fertile and more able to support life. Animals and people have lived here for thousands of years,

despite the harsh climate. The people who first lived here, in what was called Mesopotamia, changed the relationship between people and animals through domestication. • Domestication is when people take wild animals and make them tame. • This is done through breeding the animals and having the animals interact with humans. • It takes many years for an animal to be domesticated.

For more information visit the following sites: http://www.teenink.com/nonfiction/academic/article/365903/Animals-In-Ancient-Mesopotamian-Life/ https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/domestication/ https://sites.google.com/site/1ancientcivilizationsforkids/ancient-iraq-mesopotamia

ANSWERS

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Domesticated animals become dependent on humans and can’t live in the wild. These animals usually serve as pets or work animals. Sheep, goats and pigs were domesticated by 7000 B.C.E. Cows, donkeys and oxen were domesticated later. These animals were important to the survival of humans in Mesopotamia. They helped provide food and resources and worked on the farms. Plants can also be domesticated. When something is domesticated, it be-

comes different from its wild relatives — like the differences between wild wolves and domesticated dogs. Domesticating plants and animals was an important step for people. With animals like oxen and donkeys helping to do work on the farms, people could grow more food. When the farms produced more food than everyone needed, not everyone had to spend their time farming. Some people could farm, and others could do different kinds of work like building, baking or trading. This was the beginning of society and the cities that we know and live in today.

He went on a distant journey, pushing himself to exhaustion, but then was brought to peace. He carved on a stone stela all of his toils, and built the wall of UrukHaven, the wall of the sacred Eanna Temple, the holy sanctuary. Look at its wall which gleams like copper(?), inspect its inner wall, the likes of which no one can equal! Take hold of the threshold stone--it dates from ancient times! Go close to the Eanna Temple, the residence of Ishtar, such as no later king or man ever equaled! Go up on the wall of Uruk and walk around, examine its foundation, inspect its brickwork thoroughly. Is not (even the core of) the

raging flood-wave who destroys even walls of stone! Offspring of Lugalbanda, Gilgamesh is strong to perfection, son of the august cow, RimatNinsun;.. Gilgamesh is awesome to perfection. It was he who opened the mountain passes, who dug wells on the flank of the mountain. It was he who crossed the ocean, the vast seas, to the rising sun, who explored the world regions, seeking life. It was he who reached by his own sheer strength Utanapishtim, the Faraway, who restored the sanctuaries (or: cities) that the Flood had destroyed! . for teeming mankind. Who can compare with him in kingliness?

HEROES

[The following lines are interpreted as rhetorical, perhaps spoken by the oppressed citizens of Uruk.] Is Gilgamesh the shepherd of Uruk-Haven, is he the shepherd. . bold, eminent, knowing, and wise! Gilgamesh does not leave a girl to her mother(?) The daughter of the warrior, the bride of the young man, the gods kept hearing their complaints, so the gods of the heavens implored the Lord of Uruk [Anu]

valiant Enkidu, born of Silence, endowed with strength by Ninurta. His whole body was shaggy with hair, he had a full head of hair like a woman, his locks billowed in profusion like Ashnan. He knew neither people nor settled living, but wore a garment like Sumukan.” He ate grasses with the gazelles, and jostled at the watering hole with the animals; as with animals, his thirst was slaked with (mere) water. A notorious trapper came face-

had spread, released from my grasp the wild animals. He does not let me make my rounds in the wilderness!” The trapper’s father spoke to him saying: “My son, there lives in Uruk a certain Gilgamesh. There is no one stronger than he, he is as strong as the meteorite(?) of Anu. Go, set off to Uruk,

“You have indeed brought into being a mighty wild bull, head raised! “There is no rival who can raise

protecting people from harsh leaders, enemies becoming best friends, friends having adventures together, losing people you love, searching for the meaning of life — these are all common themes in stories. In fact, the Epic of Gilgamesh, what is commonly known as one of the oldest surviving written stories of all time, includes all of these. Written on stone tablets, the earliest version of the story dates back to the 18th century B.C.E. and takes place in Mesopotamia, which includes modern-day Iraq and Kuwait and parts of Syria and Turkey.

Gilgamesh, who is half man/half god, is the king of Uruk. He’s handsome and brave, but he’s not a nice king. He’s so mean, in fact, that the gods create a wild man named Enkidu to keep the king from hurting the citizens. Enkidu challenges King Gilgamesh to a fight. The king wins, but the two become friends and head out on an adventure. They travel to the Cedar Forest, kill the forest guardian and cut down the Sacred Cedar. Later, they kill the Bull of Heaven. The gods are furious and sentence Enkidu to death, and he gets sick and dies. Gilgamesh is crushed by the loss of his friend. To make himself feel better, he sets out to find the secret of eternal life. In the end, he finds out from a wise man that, “life, which you

look for, you will never find. For when the gods created man, they let death be his share, and life withheld in their own hands.” It’s not unusual for people to make up stories with their kings as heroes. It’s a way to honor their leaders. Stories have other functions, too. They entertain us. They teach us things. They inspire us. They are often a record of historical facts. Before stories were written, one of the most effective and efficient ways to pass down lessons, history and other facts was by telling someone else. It’s still a great way to pass along information and to make someone think, smile or laugh. Source Images © by Vecteezy.com & Freepik.com

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THE CAT IN THE HAT KNOWS A LOT ABOUT CAMPING! I absolutely love all the different things I learned about from this DVD! The animation is spot on in this show, which brings out a lot of cool stuff. In this collection, the Cat in the Hat, Nick, Sally, Fish, Thing One and Thing Two are all back for new and exciting adventures about camping. It makes the perfect summer DVD for kids who love Dr. Seuss’s terrific characters and stories. I enjoyed watching this so much because it is interesting and enjoyable and shows so many different people from all around the world. I imagine that kids from everywhere will enjoy this since camping is something everyone can do. My favorite scene features a crafty squirrel who borrows food. We are in the great outdoors and have to remember that humans are in animal territory, so they need to be kind to the animals. The voice actors truly fit their characters, especially Martin Short as the Cat in the Hat. Short’s energetic voice-over suits the Cat so well. His voice is unique, which makes his character always so fun, happy, encouraging and knowledgeable. He makes watching the show a treat.

Electronics rule the world today, so camping is great way to get back to nature. Leave the phones at home and go outside and enjoy the world. This is the great lesson on this DVD. I would like to go camping this year for a fun vacation. It might even start a family tradition that my family and I would enjoy — time away from electronics, exploring the wonderful world we live in. It is so easy to sit and worry that everything will go wrong, but things tend to always

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work out. Spend less time worrying and more time enjoying life is a message I took away from this. There is no fishing on this camping trip since the goal is to take Fish to his family reunion. We see family members coming together from all different places to get reacquainted with one another and connect in new ways. It is always fun to see our family members from far away, listen to their stories about the past and learn about others in your extended family. I recommend this DVD for kids ages 4 to 12. You can learn a lot about camping, friendship and family reunions while watching this adventure. It is catchy and perfect for summer. If you’re looking for something to do this summer, then this will give you some wonderful ideas. I give this terrific DVD 5 out of 5 camping adventure stars. This fun DVD is available now.