#1238RR143PCS EXPERIMENTS INCLUDED EXPERIMENTS INCLUDED20 20INVENTING CAN BE LEARNEDINVENTING CAN BE LEARNED 8 8
Batteries are to be inserted with the correct polarity. Press them gently into the battery compartment. Always close battery compartments with the lid.
Non-rechargeable batteries are not to be recharged. They could explode!
Learning Lab’s complete series includes individual packages and school sets. The special features of Gigo’s Learning Lab are as follows:
INVENTING CAN BE LEARNED
Dear Parents and Supervising Adults, Safety for Experiments with Batteries
Gigo5.4.3.2.1.
Rechargeable batteries must be removed from the device before being charged. Exhausted batteries are to be removed from the toy. Dispose of used batteries in accordance with environmental provisions, not in the household trash. Be sure not to bring batteries into contact with coins, keys, or other metal objects. Avoid deforming the batteries. As all of the experiments use batteries, have an adult check the experiments or models before use to make sure they are assembled properly. Always operate the motorized models under adult supervision. After you are done experimenting, remove the batteries from the battery compartments. Note the safety information accompanying the individual experiments or models!
Rechargeable batteries are only to be charged under adult supervision.
We hope that kids can enthusiastically learn scientific knowledge through fun hands-on experience, developing their problem-solving abilities, as well as a positive attitude towards science. Our mission is to help children apply their newfound knowledge to daily life, furthering their innovational skills and abilities.
Before beginning these experiments, read through the instruction manual together with your child and discuss the safety information. Keep the packaging and instructions as they contain important information. Ensure the models have been assembled correctly, and assist your child with the experiments. Only for use by children aged 8 years and older. This product can help children explore and understand circuits and electromagnetism in models and devices.
Before starting to assemble a model, please tell your children some precautions for using electricity.
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Do not insert wires or other accessories into a household mains power outlet, this is extremely dangerous. This product is only suitable for use with AA batteries (1.5-Volt, AA /LR6). No wires should be put in household electrical outlets. Never perform experiments using household current! The high voltage can be extremely dangerous or fatal! To operate the models, you will need three AA batteries (1.5-volt, type AA/LR6) or three AA rechargeable batteries (1.2 volts, at least 1100mAh), which could not be included in the kit due to their limited shelf life. The supply terminals are not to be short-circuited. A short circuit can cause the wires to overheat and the batteries to Doexplode.notmix
alkaline, standard (carbon-zinc), or rechargeable (nickel- cadmium) batteries.
Using Gigo’s “building block” construction-based curriculum, every class has a readytoassemble model, and includes time designed to promote individual creativity. Promotes thinking outside-the-box of the traditional educational framework by learning innovation through play! We are all innately good at something, so we should take into account both individual development and the ability to work as part of a team effort. Course levels are designed from elementary to difficult, combining a life sciences-based curriculum with applications from daily life. Experiment using Gigo’s “building blocks”, which can be used over and over again, saving both time and effort.
2 7. The Tornado Tower 8. Curling 10. Monograph (2) 11. Hovercraft with a Suspended Ball 20. Monograph (4) 19. Hoops Jump 18. Lifting Jack 17. Leaf Blower 16. Grain Husker 15. Monograph (3) 14. Lottery Machine 13. Cyclone Vacuum Cleaner 12. Vacuum Cleaner 9. Spinning Seagull 4. Bring the Ball Upstairs 5. Monograph (1) 6. Shooting Machine 3. Ball lifter 2. Air-powered car 1. Electric Fan Parts List EducationIndex Philosophy 1 39 45 9 53 17 59 23 67 31 77 2 3 41 5 49 13 57 21 63 27 73 35 Index ATTENTIONSuggestionCleaning WARNING! Remove batteries before cleaning the battery compartment. Parts can only be wiped with a slightly damp cloth. Do not use cleaning agents. Alkaline batteries are recommended to ensure that models operation efficiently. Improper use of the battery may create a risk of electrical leakage, this may cause damage to the surrounding environment of the battery, the possibility of fire and personal injury. Not suitable for children under 3 years. Choking hazard— small parts, small ball may be swallowed or inhaled. Keep it out of reach of children.
3 27 x2 29 x1 28 x1 26 x2 30 x2x2 43 521 x1 6 x2 7 8 9 x4 11 x4 13 x4 12 14 x4 15 x4 10 16 x4 21 x20 22 x2 x5x6 23 24 x4 25 x5 17 x6 18 x4 19 x4 20 x20 x1 x1 x6 x2 x2 x1 33 x1 34 x1 3231 38 x1 39 x1 35 x1 36 x1 37 x1 41 x1 x1 40 x1 42 43 x1 x1 45 46 4744 x1 x1x1 x1 x1 Parts List
TIPS AND TRICKS: When fixing gears onto the frame with drive axle be sure to keep a proper space (about 1mm) between the gear and the frames (Fig. 2). And try to turn the gear to ensure every gear in the gear train turning smoothly so that the least friction will be created and most efficient power transmission can be expected. Fig.1 Fig.3Fig.2 Fig.4 Using peg remover to pull peg off as Fig.3 shows. Using peg remover to pull axle off as fig.4 shows. The models will often have several gear wheels installed in a row, or gear train. In order for the models to work well, thesae gears will have to mesh well. Otherwise, the force from one gear wheel won’t be properly transferred to the next. A. Pay attention to the hole: B. B-Peg remover: C. Gear wheels: Here are a few tips for assembling and using the models. Read them carefully before starting. NG! (without space) OK! (with space) For more assembly tips, please refer to Requires 6 AA / LR06 batteries-not included Keep the instruction since it contains important information. List： Description Qty.
No.
Parts
1 B-PEG REMOVER 1 2 C-BASE GRID 1 3 C-5x13 DUAL FRAME 1 4 C-HINGE 6 5 C-30mm AXLE 2 6 C-100mm AXLE 2 7 C-TRANSPARENT TUBE BODY 1 8 C-3 HOLE ROD 4 9 C-3 HOLE DUAL ROD 4 10 C-5 HOLE ROD 4 11 C-5 HOLE DUAL ROD 4 12 C-11 HOLE ROD 4 13 C-15 HOLE DUAL ROD 4 14 C-BENDED ROD 6 15 C-5X5 FRAME 4 16 C-5X10 FRAME 4 17 C-5X15 FRAME 4 18 C-LONG PEG 20 19 B-SHORT PEG 20 20 C-ROD CONNECTOR 2 21 C-AXLE CONNECTOR 5 22 C-AXLE 5 23 C-TWO-IN-ONE CONVERTER 6 24 C-70mm RUBBER BAND 2R10-027061-W10-G1W7026-W10-H1O7413-W10-T1B7026-W10-L2W7344-W10-C2D7061-W10-C1R7413-W10-J1W7413-W10-I1W7413-W10-Q1W7061-W10-V1W7413-W10-Z1W7413-W10-P1W7413-W10-X1W7413-W10-K2W7413-W10-Y1W7026-W10-Q2WK41#7366-17413-W10-L2D7413-W10-N1D7061-W85-F1W7061-W10-U1W7125-W10-A1SK061-W10-B1Y Item No. No. Description Qty. 25 C-OD23 PULLEY 2 26 C-OD33 PULLEY 2 27 C-OD53 PULLEY 2 28 C-MOTOR WITH WIRE CONNECTOR 1 29 C-BLOWER 1 30 C-4.5V BATTERY HOLDER WITH SWITCH II C-3V/4.5V BATTERY HOLDER LID II 31 C-EVA PROPELLER 1 32 C-FILTER COVER 1 33 C-ELBOW PIPE 1 34 C-TUBE CONNETOR 1 35 C-COUPLING FLANGE FOR VACUUM 1 36 C-TUBE COVER 1 37 C-BLOWER PIPE 1 38 C-AIR INTAKE COVER FOR THE BLOWER 1 39 C-TOP BODY COVER FOR THE VACUUM CLEANER 1 40 C-150mm OD18 TUBE 1 41 C-SQUARE OUTLET FOR THE BLOWER 1 42 C-PLASTIC CUSHION SET 1 43 C-8 PIN ROUND FRAME FOR BOTTLE 1 44 C-570mm STRING 1 45 C-2000mm STRING 1 46 C-POLYSTYRENE BALL 1 47 C-POLYSTYRENE BALL 1K30#7366-2K30#7366-1R39-W85-200R39#73667362-W10-G1YK22-047366-W10-B3Y7366-W16-E17366-W10-D2Y7366-W10-B4Y7366-W10-B5Y7366-W10-D3Y7366-W10-D6Y7366-W10-E2Y7366-W10-E1Y7366-W10-D4Y7366-W85-B7363-W10-H3Y7363-W85-H17366-W85-A7366-W85-C7344-W10-N1S17344-W10-N2S17344-W10-N3S1 Item No. 2 How to insert battery: How to remove battery: Put the 4.5V BATTERY HOLDER WITH SWITCH on the table. Using the B side of the PEG REMOVER, press firmly into the space under the clip of the 3V/4.5V BATTERY HOLDER LID. Incline the 3V/4.5V BATTERY HOLDER LID as shown, without applying force. Allow the lid to close and rest on the clip. Press down in the place indicated until you hear a click.1 2 3
4
What are some easy methods to produce wind?
DailyApplicationDaily
The blades of traditional fans can be dangerous. Hair and fingers can easily get caught and injured. In 2009, the British invented a blade-less fan that instead has a circular hole that can produce a strong airflow. It is both convenient to clean and safe. It operates through a motor in the base that sucks in and pushes air upwards to the loop. According to Bernoulli’s law, the airflow will produce lower pressure at the center of the loop and draw in the air around the loop to blow forward. This method is gentler than wind generated through fan blades.
July is vacation time for students and also Taiwan’s hottest month. So it is important to find ways to beat the summer heat and stay cool. Electric fans are one of the most common ways to stay cool at home. The fan motor uses electricity to rotate and produce airflow. Near the edges of the fan blades, airflow is fast and air pressure is low so air flows towards the edges of fans. Also air is being drawn into the blades by pressure at the back of the fan as it continues to fill the air in the blades to form a forward propulsion of airflow. Fans use simple scientific principles to produce wind. Kids, stand behind a fan and experience this pull, but be careful to not get your hair sucked in!
The creation of wind Scientific Application
5 Brainstorming 1 Electric Fan
6 1 3 2 ×2x1x1 Parts List 31 2 12 1928 30 14 16 x1 x1 x4 x2 x2 x1
7 Done 5 4 ModelVideoOperation 1 Electric Fan
1 2 3 8 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Try toggling the switches on the left and right of the battery and observe the changes of airflow. Try modifying the model to transform the fan into a simple handheld fan.
DailyApplicationDaily
9
Father pointed at a picture and said: “Propellers were not just for planes. Look at this experimental propeller-driven monorail car. It uses a propeller to drive the upside down hanging vehicle on the monorail. How amazing it was at that time!”
Brainstorming 2 Air-powered car Aerodynamics Scientific Application
Over the weekend, Gigi visited the Car Museum with her father. Gigi loves cars and she especially was looking forward to seeing the vintage cars. At the exhibition hall, Gigi searched high and low for a vintage car. Unfortunately, she couldn’t find any, only old pictures hanging on the wall. She was disappointed, but her father advised her to carefully look at the historic pictures.
Half a century ago, some manufacturers developed propeller vehicles and even tried producing them on a large scale.The propeller was installed at the rear of the vehicle to make the air flow backward rapidly creating a force. It was the counteracting force that could move the car forward. The strong wind generated by the propeller did not affect the people inside the vehicle, but it was not practical for use on the streets as the acting force could impact vehicles and people behind it.
How does it feel to be blown on the road? What are the differences between walking with the wind and against the wind?
10 1 3 2 30mm30mm Parts List 12 x2 5 11 18 927 26 x2 x1 x1 14 x1 x2 x2 x2 28 x1 3031 x1x1
11 Done 5 4 ModelVideoOperation 2 Air-powered car
1 2 3 12 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Try other ways to make your air-powered car run faster. Try changing the design of the air-powered car (example: racecar).
13 Brainstorming 3 Ball Lifter
Patients of open-heart surgery are recommended to undergo training to expand their lung capacity and expel sputum since their lungs cannot work normally to cough and breathe deeply. On the inhale, pressure in the opening above the ball decreases due to air flow. The ball rises to the top by the buoyancy caused by the pressure differences and sucks the first ball on the left. It is then followed by the ball in the middle. If the patient can suck the right ball to the top and lift all the balls like a ball lifter, his respiratory function can be restored to normal.
People often dream about flying in the sky. In what ways can this be realized?
Air Buoyancy Scientific Application
The following year, Joseph and the Montgolfier brothers modified the hot air balloon and successfully completed the world’s first flight with a human passenger.
The ball lifter is able to make objects float through the principles of air buoyancy. What are other applications of air buoyancy in your life?
The hot air balloon was unstable because the ball lifting machine could not provide a stable amount of air buoyancy.
DailyApplicationDaily
Hot-air balloons are big, beautiful balls floating in the sky, but how does it rise? The ball lifting machine inside the balloon is called the combustor. The combustor heats the air inside and fills the balloon with hot air. Given the constant volume inside the balloon, the density decreases as the temperature increases, resulting in the hot air inside being lighter than the cold air outside. This causes the balloon to lift. The first type of hot-air balloons came from sky lanterns (Kung Ming Lanterns) that were first invented by the Chinese. In 1782, a paper manufacturer named Joseph-Michel Montgolfier invented the hot-air balloon.
14 Parts List 1 3 2 4 413815 1738 37 2947 10 x2 x1 x1 x4 x2 x2 16 x1 x1 30 x1 x1 x1 x1
15 Done 5 6 ModelVideoOperation 3 Ball Lifter
1 2 3 16 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Try to change the slope angle and see whether the ball can be lifted successfully. If the balls fall down constantly, what changes may occur in the actions of the ball lifter?
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After listening to Gogo’s explanation, Grandpa shook his head and corrected him saying that it is when the pitcher threw a fast ball rotating upward that the current above the ball flowed faster, and conversely the current below the ball flowed slower. Therefore, lift force is generated due to the pressure differences. This is called the Magnus Effect not Bernoulli’s Principle.
Brainstorming 4 Bring the Ball Upstairs
There are numerous phenomena related to current lift force. How many examples can you give?
Kids, can you tell the difference between the Magnus Effect and Bernoulli’s Principle?
After finishing his homework, Gogo went to go chat with his Grandpa and found him watching a baseball game. The commentator remarked how excellent the pitcher’s rising fast ball was. Excitedly Gogo told his Grandpa that this was an example of the Bernoulli Principle that he had learned about recently.
DailyApplicationDaily Current lift Scientific Application
Current Lift is when the force upward is larger than the one downward which makes the resultant force lift objects. When an airblower blows foam balls forward, the upward pull creates a lift force to make the ball rise up. The foam ball is very light, so its gravity is smaller than the lift force generated by pressure difference. As a result, when the air-blower drives the foam ball upward, the lift force generated brings the balls upwards.
18 1 3 2 4 Parts List 15 17 x4 x4 16 x3 38 37 47 29 x1 30 x1 x1 x1 x1 18 x2
19 Done 6 5 ModelVideoOperation Bring the Ball Upstairs4
1 2 3 20 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service How long will it take you to bring the balls to the top layer? Try gathering friends to make the ladder taller and see how high the ball can climb.
21 ReviewModel 5 1. Electric Fan 3. Ball lifter 2.Air-powered car 4. Bring the Ball Upstairs Try to make a bicycle that can move by air force based on what you have learned. Monograph 1
2 1 3 22 DesignModel CreationModel Winner! My Artwork Evaluation ConceptDesign
Gogo is very happy today because Grandpa is taking him to the amusement park. At one end of the park, Gogo saw many people covering their ears so they both went over to take a look. It was a human cannonball show!
Brainstorming 6 Shooting Machine
What are some applications that use jet streams?
Grandpa then said, “If my basketball machine had an air jet, I would have beaten you!” The two of them laughed loudly and enjoyed the rest of the day together.
After the countdown, there was a loud exploding sound and a man was shot out onto the air to a safe location far away. The audiences thundered with applause.
DailyApplicationDaily Jet Stream Scientific Application
Grandpa asked Gogo which working principle was used. Gigi replied, “There must be an explosive installed inside the cannonball. However, it was the jet stream generated by high air pressure that shot the man outside.”
The blades of traditional fans can be dangerous. Hair and fingers can easily get caught and injured. In 2009, the British invented a blade-less fan that instead has a circular hole that can produce a strong airflow. It is both convenient to clean and safe. It operates through a motor in the base that sucks in and pushes air upwards to the loop. According to Bernoulli’s law, the airflow will produce lower pressure at the center of the loop and draw in the air around the loop to blow forward. This method is gentler than wind generated through fan blades.
23
24 1 3 2 4 ×2 Parts List 2 x1 4 x2 13 x2 3738 x1 x1 47 x1 43 x1 12 x2 18 x4 15 x2 17 x2 29 x1 30 x1
25 Done 6 5 ModelVideoOperation 6 Shooting Machine
1 2 3 26 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service How many of the ten balls can you hit? Are there any methods for increasing the hit rate? One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight Nine Ten
27 Today’s social studies class was very special. The teacher wanted everyone to understand the importance of protecting our Earth so the teacher had them watch a climate disaster movie in hopes of understanding the severity of what can happen when weather turns on mankind.
Brainstorming 7
As the motor of the tornado tower begins, the propeller moves around in circles, and whirls the surrounding air to form a swirl. Because we can’t easily observe air, we can hang a soft line in front of the propeller and observe how that moves instead. We can see this swirling phenomenon which is found in tornadoes. A tornado is quite a violent weather phenomenon. The air flow rotates rapidly to form a vertical, hollow tornado. The strong updraft is often thought to be the imperative factor to produce tornadoes, but there are still many unanswered questions about tornadoes. When can you observe the wind or that air exists around us?
DailyApplicationDaily
The TowerTornado Airflow
In the movie there was a giant tornado blowing houses down. All the kids screamed! The teacher explained: “Tornados are a strong weather phenomenon that is caused by cold air interacting with hot air. Due to hot air having greater mass and lower density, it rises rapidly and as new air enters, it continues to propel hot air upwards to form a strong pillar of wind that spins Aftercontinuously.”seeingthe
Observing
dangers of climate change, Gogo and Gigi begun to lower their carbon footprint and work towards a more sustainable lifestyle
Scientific Application
28 1 3 2 4 ×3 5 1 2 Parts List 13 x2 21 44 9 x1 11 x3 15 x2 18 x2 17 x4 19 x2 x2 28 x1 3031 x1x1 x1
29 Done 6 1 2 ModelVideoOperation 7 The Tornado Tower
1 2 3 30 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Change the length of the string, and observe what the difference is. What will happen if you add some decorations to the string?
DailyApplicationDaily The Gas force Scientific Application
31
Brainstorming 8 Curling
Shuffleboard is a sport that’s similar to curling with the main difference being that the surfaces of shuffleboards are very smooth and produce very little friction; the sport can be played without a lot of power. Shuffleboards also have a tabletop variety that simply requires a smooth table for players to easily beginWhatplaying.are some examples of reducing friction that work with objects?
The Olympic games have returned after 4 years and Gigi excitedly turned on the TV to watch the athletes perform at their best. However, the TV showed a sport Gigi had never seen – curling. Gigi didn’t understand the sport at all. Out of curiosity, Gigi asked her mom about curling and she replied: “Curling is a team sport. Scrubbing the floor looks easy, but in reality, because the match area is not flat, the friction of the ice will affect the ball’s speed. The athletes scrub the ice to reduce the ice’s friction so that the rock can travel a longer distance. Scrubbing the ice can also produce pellets of icy sand that can change the trajectory of the rock to collide with the other team’s rock to land their own into the designated circle and win the match”. Gigi found it very interesting and thought to herself, maybe there are ways to use air to reduce friction?
32 1 3 2 ×2 Parts List 41 42 23 29 x1 30 x1 38 x1 x1x1 x4 13 x4 12 x1 15 x1 18 x12 17 x4
33 Done 6 5 4 ModelVideoOperation 8 Curling
1 2 3 34 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Record the different motions of the curling rock on flat and uneven grounds (such as a field). Try and see if there are any other ways to make the curling rock travel further?
Gogo went to Gigi’s house to play, Gigi showed off her helicopter and Gigi was quite jealous; out of curiosity, he asked her how does the helicopter turn? Gigi said: “Newton’s 3rd law tells us that every action between two objects have equal action and reaction forces working in opposite directions on a straight line”. Therefore, when the helicopter turns its blades to produce airflow, the air will produce a reactionary force towards the helicopter; if there is only one blade and no other measures, the helicopter will go into an “uncontrolled” spin. That is why there is a small vertical propeller called the tail rotor attached to the end of the helicopter. The tail rotor produces thrust and drag to cancel reactionary forces and the helicopter uses the tail rotor to achieve the goal of turning”.
Kids, have you carefully observed how helicopters are constructed?
Gigi has an intricate helicopter model that she Oneloves.daywhen
Brainstorming 9 Spinning Seagull
DailyApplicationDaily The ForceReactionaryofAirScientific Application
35
What are other applications of the principle of reactionary force in our lives?
When we blow balloons and accidentally let go, the balloon deflates and flies all over the place; this is also the principle of reactionary force. A balloon filled with air contains a lot of internal pressure; therefore, when you let go, air inside the balloon is pushed out by pressure and this airflow crashes into the atmosphere which pushes the air in the balloon with reactionary force to cause the balloon to fly all over the place.
36 1 3 2 4 ×2 Parts List 2 x1 10 x3 21 x2 2245 x1 9 x1 13 x1 15 x2 14 x2 18 x5 17 x2 19 x2 28 x1 3031 x1x1 x1
37 Done ModelVideoOperation 7 6 switch 5 9 Spinning Seagull
1 2 3 38 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Try and reduce the degree of spin on the seagull. (example: adjust the length) Change the design of the model into different animals (example: eagle).
39 ReviewModel 10 6. Shooting Machine 8. Curling 7. The Tornado Tower 9. Spinning Seagull Try to make a car model that is run by air flow and can rotate. Monograph 2
2 1 3 40 DesignModel CreationModel Winner! My Artwork Evaluation ConceptDesign
What objects utilize Bernoulli’s law?
Bernoulli's law Scientific Application
Today there was a field trip, and the teacher took all the students to play in the amusement park. The entire class went to the amusement park by sightseeing bus. Upon arriving at the gate of the park, everyone rushed to the recreation facilities to queue up. Yesterday, Walter learned that the new facility, Floating Space, which was recently launched by the amusement park, is very popular, so he first went there. When it was Walter’s turn to play, the service staff helped Walter wear personal protective equipment. Everything was ready, then a heavy air operated machine continuously blew strong winds upward, and Walter’s body was supported by the winds, taken off the ground to float in the air. That was a special experience.
If you point a blow dryer upwards to blow at a ping-pong ball, it stays in the air without dropping. How does the ball stay in the air? The key to this phenomenon is the application of Bernoulli's Law, that is faster speed and lower pressure. Because the speed of air flow from the blower is faster than its surroundings, the pressure is lower. The ball is covered by surrounding strong pressure and fails to escape. The weight of the ball balances the buoyancy force, so the ball will not fall or fly away, but suspend in the air.
Hovercraft with a Suspended Ball
DailyApplicationDaily
41 Brainstorming 11
After getting home, Walter talked about this interesting amusement facility to everyone and said he would play there again next time.
42 1 3 2 ×2 Parts List 4 x1 8 x1 23 x4 29 x1 47 x1 37 x1 41 x1 42 x1 13 x4 18 x10 17 x4 28 x1 3031 x1x2
43 Done ModelVideoOperation 6 5 4 11 Hovercraft with a Suspended Ball
1 2 3 44 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Try placing ball shaped objects of different weights (such as ping-pong balls) and record how high they can be lifted. How can you keep the ball stable when the boat moves fast?
45 Gigi has a dog and a cat. The two pets often play with each other. However, when grandma uses the vacuum cleaner, the dog will bark, and the cat will run far away, as they think the vacuum cleaner is an enemy.
Brainstorming 12 Vacuum Cleaner
When we suck up water with a straw, the mouth removes air creating a kind of vacuum which the water must flow into. This flow occurs because the lower pressure inside the straw is less than the regular air pressure outside the straw. As for why straws are mostly circular. That is because the circle is comfortable for our mouths, round shapes absorb changes in air pressure more easily and also it is the most economical use of materials.
Grandmother said:┌There is a motor inside the cleaner capable of driving the fan, which then rotates to expel the air flow through the exhaust passage, so the pressure in front of the fan is larger than that behind it. The pressure difference is similar to water being sucked up a straw, so that it forms a vacuum space inside the cleaner, which the dust can be sucked into and then collected in a bag. The bag has a filter and catches the dirt, but lets the air pass.┘
DailyApplicationDaily Gas PressureandScientific Application
What are other action/reaction situations are produced by pressure differences in our daily lives?
Gigi thought for a long time and felt that the vacuum’s motor was too loud and it scared dogs and cats; at the same time, she also thought about how the strong suction of a vacuum is produced?
46 ×21 3 2 4 5 Parts List 24 35 7 36 46 x1 16 x1 23 x2 x2 29 x1 30 x1 x1 x1 38 x1 x1 39 43 x1x1 11 x2 12 x3 19 x4 8 x2
47 Done 6 8 ModelVideoOperation 12 Vacuum Cleaner
1 2 3 48 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Try filling a plastic piece to 80% full with tissue or cloth and observe the changes in suction power. Try challenging yourself and see how many pieces of paper your vacuum can suck up.
49
Gogo's school was going visit to a chemical plant, which was a place he had never been to before, thus he did not want to miss this golden opportunity.
When dusty gas is drawn into the cyclone vacuum cleaner through the air inlet, the airstream will rotate spirally downwards along the cylinder wall. Then a strong centrifugal force is generated while the dusty airstream rotates. Huge dust particles will be thrown onto the cylinder wall. The difference with vacuum cleaners is the use of a centrifugal force; this allows more effective separation of dust and other objects.
After arriving at the plant, he saw a high cylindershaped cone beside the plant. Out of curiosity, he asked the instructor what it was. The instructor said it was a cyclone separator, it was used for better protection of the environment. Waste gas is first delivered into this machine, then flows along the tangent line into the cone and rotates spirally. Under centrifugal force, the gases and solids move in different directions. In this way, the dust is collected and clean air is emitted.
Brainstorming 13 Cyclone Vacuum Cleaner
Gogo thought it was so interesting that the cyclone vacuum cleaner worked the same way as a vacuum cleaner at home!
Can you find any other tools designed to use centrifugal force or rotation in your daily life?
DailyApplicationDaily Air DirectionFlowScientific Application
50 1 3 2 4 ×2 5 Parts List 724 x1 16 x1 23 x2 x1 29 x1 30 x1 11 x2 12 x3 19 x4 35 x1 33 34 3840 x1 39 x1x1 x1 x1 46 x1 43 x1 8 x3 36 x1
51 Done switch ModelVideoOperation 13 Cyclone Vacuum Cleaner
1 2 3 52 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Cut the paper into different sizes and record how large a piece of paper your vacuum cleaner can collect. Try changing the model by replacing the plastic piece with a different material, such as a paper barrel to see if the suction is changed.
After eating dinner, Gigi’s family always spends time together watching TV. Tonight, her mom bought a lottery ticket to try her luck. When the TV started showing the lottery drawing, the family gathered around the TV and watched the lottery machine closely; mom nervously prayed that her numbers would be drawn to win the grand prize. The host pressed a button and the balls in the lottery machine began to tumble, finally it sucked up a ball and the announcer read the winning number. Gigi curiously asked her dad: “why do the balls get sucked up?” Her dad said: “the lottery balls get sucked up because inside the machine is an air pump that creates a vacuum. The change in air pressure moves the lottery balls. Of course, there are other lottery machines that use a magnetic force to control the balls, but they’re not often seen due to concerns about cheating.” They heard a moan from mom and it turned out not a single one of her numbers were drawn. She would still be going to work tomorrow. Frustrated, mom laughed and said: “a little gambling is fun, but too much can be dangerous!”
Brainstorming 14 Lottery Machine
Air pumps are often used in industrial Commonlymachinery.called pumps, they increase air or hydraulic pressure so that gases and liquids can produce higher propulsion than normal; they’re great tools when used in propulsion machinery.
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DailyApplicationDaily Air Pump Scientific Application
What other ways are air pumps applied in our lives?
54 1 3 2 4 5 ×2 Parts List 2 x1 7 x1 8 x3 16 x1 12 x2 23 x2 29 x1 30 x1 35 x1 32 33 34 3840 x1 39 x1x1 x1 x1 x1 43 x1 17 x1 46 x1
55 Done 6 7 8 switchBack view ModelVideoOperation 14 Lottery Machine
1 2 3 56 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Play the lottery game 10 times and record the winning numbers. See which number will come up the most. If replacing the numbers in lottery machine with other objects, what games can it be used for? One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight Nine Ten
57 ReviewModel 15 11. Hovercraft with a Suspended Ball 13. Cyclone Vacuum Cleaner 12. Vacuum Cleaner 14. Lottery Machine Please use the models and theories you have learned here and design a vacuum cleaner that can move automatically. Monograph 3
2 1 3 58 DesignModel CreationModel Winner! My Artwork Evaluation ConceptDesign
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Gigi thought it was boring and went there with Grandpa reluctantly. After arriving on the farm, she first joined in weaving straw men and animals with straw; then she visited old farm implements in the barn. Gigi listened very carefully while the host was introducing an antique grain husker because the activity for today was to experience sieving grain in the open air, instead of using this old machine. After coming out, the host said that the activity of sieving grain was about to start and one volunteer would be invited to try it. Gigi put up her hand at once. Then she and the host rocked the grain in the sieve back and forth and removed the impurities with a fan. Grain would drop down and out due to its heavy weight. The host stressed that this worked in the same way as the grain husker inside the barn and in this case, the grain is better sieved.
What other objects or foods can be put through a grain husker?
DailyApplicationDaily
Brainstorming 16 Grain Husker Airstream Application Scientific Application
During early times when neither electricity nor machines existed, our ancestors invented the things they needed for basic survival. In this way, the man-powered grain husker was invented. It was an ancient farm tool which farmers used to filter empty-shelled husks and impurities from grain after the harvest had been threshed and dried. Now in an age of mechanization, we seldom see grain huskers in the countryside.
During the holidays, Grandpa Rudolph took Gigi to the farm to experience farm life for a day.
60 1 3 2 4 Parts List 4 x2 7 x1 10 x1 29 x1 30 x1 38 x1 43 x1 2 x1 15 x1 16 x2 17 x1
61 Done 6 5 ModelVideoOperation 16 Grain Husker
1 2 3 62 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Apart from the foam balls, please find two items and classify them. How can we make the grain husker classify things into three categories rather than two?
Brainstorming 17 Leaf Blower Wind Application Scientific Application
One day, he discovered that there were more dead leaves on the ground than usual. He lifted his head and saw that the branches of trees were blown bare, leaving massive amounts of leaves on the ground. Although he loved to play with fallen leaves, the sheer amount of them wasn’t a pretty sight so he decided to pick up all the leaves to maintain the park’s pleasant environment. It was then that grandpa came by and when he heard what had happened, grandpa told him: “When there are this many leaves, the park’s cleaning staff usually use leaf blowers to clean up. The motors in leaf blowers draw in small amounts of air to operate a turbine fan to produce stronger winds that are pushed through the nozzle to achieve strong gusts of wind, simplifying the job of cleaning fallen leaves”. Gogo thought this was very interesting, but was also worried about the leaf blower’s side effects.
Leaf blowers are often seen cleaning fallen leaves from roads and parks, and while they are highly efficient, their strong winds easily blow up clouds of dust that are harmful for public health. The loud motor is also a bother, making it not very environmentally friendly. Due to this, many counties and cities have begun to ban leaf blowers. When we design tools to increase efficiency, it’s important to consider their impact on others.
63 Gogo loves to go to the park on weekends to enjoy relaxing times running through the grassy fields.
What other tools in life utilize wind power?
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64 1 2 switch Parts List 8 x1 10 x1 29 x1 30 x1 34 x1 37 x1 38 x1 40 x1 16 x1 17 x1 18 x2 19 x3
65 Done 3 ModelVideoOperation 17 Leaf Blower
1 2 3 66 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Try and see what heavy objects you can blow away? Try using cotton thread to modify the leaf blower into a portable shoulder sling leaf blower that the cleaning staff can use.
Kids, do you know of any other applications of the Pascal principle in your lives? principleApplication
Out of curiosity, Gigi asked her father how a jack could lift up an entire car?
What will you do if you carry a weight beyond your load capability?
The air blower constantly pumps air with high pressure into the bottom of the hovercraft to make an air cushion, the hemlines create a fixed area in which the pressure is distributed evenly. When the volume of the air increases, the more load the craft can carry. Through this way, a hovercraft can work as a lifting jack.
Gigi got home after school and saw that the family car’s tires were worn out. In order to stay safe, Gigi notified Dad immediately so that he could repair it. Her dad calmly took out a jack and simply turned it a few times under the car to lift it! Dad then began to change the tires.
Dad said: “The jack uses the Pascal principle, meaning that when liquids in a sealed or connected container receive pressure on any side, it will exert the same amount of pressure to the container, liquid, and other parts. If the second container has a larger surface area, then the force will also increase in the second container; therefore, we only need a little bit of power to lift very heavy objects.”
DailyApplicationDaily
Brainstorming 18 Lifting Jack Pascal's
A hovercraft model can float on water, mainly because of the Pascal Principle.
The law says that pressure exerted on each arbitrary point within a certain volume of liquid will be transmitted in all directions with an average intensity.
Scientific
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68 1 2 ×2 Parts List 20 23 x4 29 x1 30 x1 38 x1 41 3842 x1 x1 x1 3 6 10 x1 2 x1 x1x1 13 x4 16 x1 17 x4 18 x14 x1
69 5 3 4 18 Lifting Jack
70 7 6 100mm
71 Done ModelVideoOperation 9 18 Lifting Jack
1 2 3 72 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Please put more weight on the lifting jack, and record the biggest weight it can lift. What else can a lifting jack do except lift?
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Brainstorming 19 Hoops Jump
There is a ball serving jet in front of the table tennis serving machine. It can mechanically project different shots for players to counter. They usually improve their skills with this. When the practitioner swings to counter, the recycling net behind the table tennis serving machine will catch it.
Table tennis must be played by two people, but if there is a table tennis serving machine, one does not have to worry about having no partner to play with.
Circulatory SystemApplication
When the shot has been returned, the ball will first fall down to the bottom, then roll back into the serving machine, this completes the recycling process. It is a kind of table tennis circulatory system. By repeating this cycle, practitioners can practice table tennis continuously and be worry-free about running out of balls.
Scientific
What kinds of things in our lives can be made more convenient if the automatic recycling system is applied?
DailyApplicationDaily
The “shot-creator” in an amusement park is a mechatronics recreation facility. It can keep score of shots in the hoop by the players. However, a player can have easily throw 100 times but it is impossible to prepare 100 balls, thus there must be a design for a recirculating system to recycle basketballs ad infinitum. This prevents the need for so many balls in the system. The shot-creator makes the balls roll down a slope to the player again, so that the player can throw the balls into the basket repeatedly.
74 1 3 2 4 5 Parts List 4 x6 10 x3 29 x1 30 x1 37 x1 38 x1 47 x1 13 x4 12 x1 16 x2 17 x4 19 x4
75 Done 7 6 8 ModelVideoOperation 19 Hoops Jump
1 2 3 76 ExperimentHands-on CreativityHands-on Evaluation AssembledModel ExperimentComplete CreationModelSmart Manual Web Service Try and see if you can other shoot objects apart from the styrofoam balls. Try and see if you can make the ball move continuously without stopping the machine.
77 ReviewModel 20 16. Grain Husker 18. Lifting Jack 17. Leaf Blower 19. Hoops Jump Use the models and principles you’ve learned to design a grain husker with a recirculating system. Monograph 4
2 1 3 78 DesignModel CreationModel Winner! My Artwork Evaluation ConceptDesign
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