Researched and developed in cooperation with Professor Xu Liang-Rong, Golden Tripod Award Winner Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education
#1263 49 PCS
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MODELS TO BUILD
Product Description The Gigo STEAM series is designed to bring the exciting world of science into children’s lives. Scientific principles are all around us, in every place and every moment. Teachers and parents can use this series to show children how science governs the way we live our lives. Through exploration, children will find new ways to interpret the world around them through a scientific lens. The interactive courses and games in this set address different, or frequently, multiple STEAM concepts. The learning objectives satisfy facilitators, and the course activities satisfy a child’s thirst for investigation. This course emphasizes a hands-on, “do it yourself” approach, so that children fully develop their potential. Each model can be used, adjusted, tinkered-with and developed in many ways. The series includes clear goals to measure progress, but the excitement and learning really takes-off when children adapt and improvise on the ideas. Children engage with the scientific mode of thinking to learn about technology, and develop the skills required to face real-world challenges. Engineering and design processes are introduced stepby-step, using fun and rewarding projects like spirographs, and math is given a practical edge when children meet gears and ratios. The Gigo STEAM series presents challenges, and equips children with the tools they need to overcome them. Find the project that piques their interest and then let the course teach itself.
Contents
1
Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P1 Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P1 Part List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P2 1. Chopstick Grabber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P3 2. 60T Gear Spirograph (Idler: 40T gear) . . . . . . . . . . . . . P5 3. 60T Gear Spirograph (Idler: Two 40T gears) . . . . . . . . P7 4. Mobile Incline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P9 5. 80T Gear Spirograph (Idler: 60T gear) . . . . . . . . . . . . . P11 6. 80T Gear Spirograph (Transposition) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P13 7. Spool Car . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P15
8. 80T Gear Spirograph (Idler: Two 60T gears) . . . . . . . P17 9. 80T Gear Spirograph (Idler: 40T, 60T gears) . . . . . . . P19 10. Disc Launcher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P21 11. 160T Gear Spirograph (Idler: 40T, 80T gears) . . . . . . P23 12. 160T Gear Spirograph (Idler: Two 60T gears) . . . . . . P25 13. Wishing Well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P27 14. 160T Gear Spirograph (Idler: 60T, 80T gears) . . . . . . P29 15. 160T Gear Spirograph (Multiple connecting rods). . P31 16. Battle Spinner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P33
Parts List 1
2
3
4
13
5
6
7
14
8
9
15
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Parts List No.
Part Code
10
17
11
18
12
19
Tips and Tricks Part Name
Quantity
No.
Part Code
Part Name
Quantity
1
7061-W10-C1R
C-LONG PEG
4
11
7026-W10-J1R
C-160T GEAR ADAPTER
1
2
7413-W10-T1B
C-20mm AXLE CONNECTOR
6
12
7413-W10-Y1W
C-3 HOLE DUAL ROD
2
3
7413-W10-U1S
C-30mm AXLE CONNECTOR
1
13
7413-W10-X1W
C-5 HOLE DUAL ROD
1
4
7026-W10-H1O
C-AXLE
5
14
7413-W10-P1W
C-11 HOLE ROD
1
5
7026-W10-I1SK
C-BASE GRID CONNECTOR
5
15
7413-W10-Z1W
C-15 HOLE DUAL ROD
4
6
7026-W10-L1W
C-MOTOR AXLE
1
16
7125-W10-A1SK
C-BASE GRID
4
7
7408-W10-D1G
C-40T SPINDLE GEAR
3
17
K41#1263
P-DLE CUT PLASTIC SHEET
2
8
7026-W10-W5Y
C-60T GEAR
4
18
R10-02
C-70mm RUBBER BAND
2
9
7328-W10-G2O
C-80T GEAR
1
19
7061-W10-B1Y
B-PEG REMOVER
1
10
7026-W10-G1P
C-160T GEAR
1
Find the transparent sheet which is the same size as the gear. Using double-sided tape (not included), fix the laminate to the gear and use a dry earase marker to draw on it. The sheet can be reused as long as you do not use a permanent marker. Just wipe the sheet clean!
If you want to preserve your graphics, simply use white paper instead of the plastic sheet. Cut the white paper into a circle the same size as size the gear, and paste it to the transparent sheet. Before beginning the drawing action, observe the positions of the hand on the base gird first. Make sure that it does not interfere with the operation of the gears and connecting rods.
After assembling the model, have a practice run first! This will ensure your pen does not leave the paper and that your hands are in the correct place.
Be careful not to insert the axle connector to the bottom of the gear, it may become stuck in the BASE GRID.
Tips for assembling
2
1
Chopstick Grabber Parts List 1
2
3
4
6
7
8
15
18
x2
x3
x1
x2
x1
x2
x1
x4
x2
Third Class Lever Third class levers have effort in between the load and fulcrum. Third class levers can save time, but the process involves more work. They are suitable for lifting relatively light items. The function by reducing the displacement of the input force, and increasing the displacement of the object.
3
1
Ă—2
2
Done
3
4
Challenge: See who can clip the 40T SPINDLE GEAR to the side first, and th en clip it back to the 60T GEAR.
Clip it up
Model Operation Video
4
2
60T Gear Spirograph (Idler: 40T gear) Parts List 1
2
4
6
7
8
12
13
14
x2
x4
x2
x1
x1
x2
x2
x1
x1
1
15
16
17
18
x1
x1
x1
x2
2
3
Spirograph A spirograph is the name of a device, and the pictures that are drawn using one. It is composed of different sized gears and connecting rods. One connecting rod is driven by a gear, which transfers that motion out to a pen or pencil. You can use it to make beautiful patterns. Using gears with a different number of teeth, or rods of different lengths produces different effects.
5
Stick it on
4
6
Done
How to fix the pen
5 1
Put it on
2
Double the rubber band
Double the rubber band
3
6
3
60T Gear Spirograph (Idler: Two 40T gears) Parts List 1
2
3
4
6
7
8
12
13
x4
x4
x1
x2
x1
x3
x2
x1
x1
14
15
16
17
18
x1
x1
x1
x1
x2
1
2
stick it on
Try It Try changing where the gears mesh. Even changing by just one hole, the shapes will be quite different.
7
Note the position of holes
3
5
Done
4
6
Please refer to page 7
8
4
Mobile Incline Parts List
Law of Action & Reaction When a force is applied to a plane (flat surface), the plane naturally produces a reaction force equal in strength and opposite in direction, this is called the normal force. The plane exerts a force on the car (normal force) and the car also exerts a force on the table (due to gravity and mass). On an incline plane, the normal force and gravitational forces are not aligned, and so the car will move towards the point of least resistance, down the slope!
9
1
2
4
5
7
8
12
14
x4
x4
x2
x2
x2
x2
x2
x1
15
16
x4
x2
1 2
5
Done
3
Challenge: Pick a heavy object, such as a pencil box
4
Ă—2
6
Press it down
or a bottle, and place it on the inclined plane to see whose model can run the farthest on the table without falling to the ground. Model Operation Video
10
5
80T Gear Spirograph (Idler: 60T gear) Parts List
Principles of Drawing: The spirograph is created by using off center pegs to connect a rod between two different sized gears. As the gears complete one full rotation, the drawing process completes one cycle and finishes the drawing. If you continue to complete another cycle, the same pattern will repeat.
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1
2
4
6
8
9
12
13
14
x4
x3
x3
x1
x3
x1
x1
x1
x1
15
16
17
18
x1
x1
x1
x2
1
2 Stick it on
3
5
4
6
Done
Please refer to page 7
12
6
80T Gear Spirograph (Transposition) Parts List 1
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
12
13
x2
x4
x3
x2
x1
x1
x2
x1
x2
x1
1
Try It Try drawing different spirographs by changing the position of the pen or the connecting rod!
13
14
15
16
17
18
x1
x1
x2
x1
x2
2
3
Stick it on
4
6
5
7
Done
Please refer to page 7
14
7
Spool Car Parts List
Energy Storage The spool car stores potential energy by stretching and rubber band and keeping it taut. After a certain number of rotations, enough potential energy is stored to drive the Spool Car forward when it is released.
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1
2
3
7
8
12
14
18
x4
x2
x1
x3
x2
x2
x1
x2
1
2
3
5
Done 4
Challenge: Rotate the rubber band and try to make the spool car run to see whose spool car can run the farthest in a straight line.
Model Operation Video
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8
80T Gear Spirograph (Idler: Two 60T gears) Parts List
Highest Common Factor The pattern you see when drawing a spirograph depends on the "gear ratio" between the large and small gears. The number of “petals� that you see is also the same as the ratio of the large gear to the small gear! For example: the big gear has 160 teeth and the small gear has 60 teeth. If we divided by the highest common factor (20), then the gear ratio is 8:3, so the spirograph will have 8 petals.
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1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
12
13
x4
x2
x1
x4
x2
x1
x4
x1
x1
x1
1
14
15
16
17
18
x1
x1
x2
x1
x2
2 Stick it on
4
6
Done
3
5
7
Please refer to page 7
Note the position of holes
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9
80T Gear Spirograph (Idler: 40T, 60T gears) Parts List 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
12
x4
x3
x1
x3
x2
x1
x2
x2
x1
x1
13
14
15
16
17
18
x1
x1
x1
x2
x1
x2
1
2 Stick it on
Try It Change the arrangement of the gears to create a new spirograph.
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4
3
Done
6
Please refer to page 7
5
Note the position of holes
20
10
Disc Launcher Parts List 1
2
7
15
16
18
x4
x6
x1
x4
x1
x1
1
Elasticity Elasticity is the force that makes a deformed object return to its original shape. This means that deformation must occur before elasticity. Deformation that can produce elasticity is called “elastic deformation”. If the deformation force exceeds the elastic limit, it is called “plastic deformation”. The elasticity limit of each item is different. Most object's plasticity deformation is invisible to the naked eye.
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2
×2
3
4
6
Done 1
Challenge: Place the target at a distance and launch the discs in turn to see who can knock down the target first.
1
Put it on
5 Pull back
2
Model Operation Video
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11
160T Gear Spirograph (Idler: 40T, 80T gears) Parts List
Pythagoras’ Theorem
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
x4
x3
x1
x3
x5
x1
x2
x1
x1
x1
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
x1
x1
x1
x2
x4
x1
x2
1
Ă—2
3
The holes of the building blocks have very specific Stick it on
dimensions and positions and they are not suited to diagonal assembly. If you try to assemble them diagonally, the distance between the gears may not be correct when trying to get gears to mesh. This results in irregular rotations, or even damage to the blocks. Using the Pythagorean principle of a right angled triangle with sides 3:4:5, the gears should mesh correctly.
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2
4
5
Done
7 Please refer to page 7
6
Note the position of holes
24
12
160T Gear Spirograph (Idler: Two 60T gears) Parts List 1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
11
12
x4
x2
x1
x4
x5
x1
x4
x1
x1
x1
13
15
16
17
18
x1
x2
x4
x1
x2
1
Ă—2
3 Stick it on
Try It By swapping to gears of different sizes, you can make a different numbers of petals!
25
2
4
5
Done
7
Please refer to page 7
6
Note the position of holes
26
13
Wishing Well Parts List
First Class Lever A First Class Lever has its fulcrum between the effort and resistance arms. The effect (effort saved, or time saved) is determined by the relative length of the force arm to the resistance arm. If the force arm is longer, it will save effort, and if the force arm is shorter, it will save time.
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1
2
3
4
5
7
12
13
14
x3
x3
x1
x3
x1
x1
x1
x1
x1
15
16
x4
x2
1
2
3
5
Done
Challenge: In five chances, the person who throws the most BASE GRID CONNECTOR into the wishing well is the winner.
4
6
Press it down
Model Operation Video
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14
160T Gear Spirograph (Idler: 60T, 80T gears) Parts List
Cycloid
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
11
x4
x2
x1
x4
x5
x1
x3
x1
x1
x1
12
13
15
16
17
18
x1
x1
x2
x4
x1
x2
1
Ă—2
A cycloid is the curve traced by a point on a circle as it rolls along a straight line. When the circle rolls one complete turn, there is one cycle of the cycloid. If the line that the circle rolls along is inside another larger circle, the cycloid will form a polygon. The number of sides of that polygon depends on the ratio of the radii of the two circles.
29
Cycloid
Hypocycloid
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
Done
Stick it on
Please refer to page 7
Note the position of holes
30
15
160T Gear Spirograph (Multiple connecting rods) Parts List 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
x4
x6
x1
x5
x5
x1
x1
x4
x1
x1
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
x1
x1
x1
x4
x4
x1
x2
1
Ă—2
Stick it on
Try It Draw on paper cards or cut and paste to make a continuous pattern. When the gear rotates, you can see that the pattern moves like an animation!
31
3
2
4
5
7
6
8
Done
Please refer to page 7
Note the position of holes
32
16
Battle Spinner Parts List 1
2
3
4
6
7
8
9
12
13
x4
x2
x1
x3
x1
x3
x1
x1
x1
x1
1
Gears & Gear Trains
15
18
x1
x1
3
Gears have three main functions: 1. Transmitting force (power). Gears are the most commonly used medium for force transmission. 2. Changing the direction of movement (force). Two gears meshed together rotate in opposite directions. 3. Changing the speed of rotation. Gears with
different numbers of teeth can change the speed of any axles attached to them.
33
2
Note the position of holes
4
6
How to playďźš 1
3 Move up
Spin it
2
4 Move down to fix it
5
Remove first
Then move up the launcher immediately
The point position after the gear is rotated
Done
Challenge: See whose Battle Spinner can spin longest on the table. Stick the 30mm AXLE CONNECTOR with the 80T GEAR after rotating it half turn or one turn, and remove the launcher while pulling out the 30mm AXLE CONNECTOR.
Model Operation Video
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R21#1263