#7400 en

DISCOVER THE INCREDIBLE MAGIC POWER FROM THE WIND

MODELS MODELS

TO TO BUILD BUILD

Page Order Index & Product Info

Suggestions to parents and Safety Guidelines Parts list

Wind power in everyday life Wind power principle

How to upgrade a windmill

Windmill on the sea & Rate output & Wind force scale Electric cars

Notes for assembly Model 1 Windmill

Model 2 Electric car Model 3 Airplane

Model 4 Helicopter Model 5 Truck

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10-13 P14-15 P16-17 P18-19 P20-22

Product features

˙ Leads the "green energy" trend and children can recognize the most environmentally friendly power "wind" and create their own electric car model at home!

Design features of the new vision ˙ Windmill blades designed to emulate real form, so that the rotation

of the fan is more efficient and creates more power. Specially designed to make the connection part more stable. ˙ Two assembly blade angles; children can see which one is more efficient. ˙ New design of battery holder, 1.5 volt battery, easy to switch between in / out. ˙ Specially designed 40X motor. Smaller and sleeker, it does not affect the building blocks of the assembly. Simple to connect the motor and the battery holder. ˙ When the blade is removed, the central part of the windmill can be turned into a small electric car.

Learning

˙ 22-page colour manual detailing five kinds of models. Children are happy to experiment, starting from the

basic exercises. ˙ In addition to the detailed instructions in the assembly steps, there are also principles and applications, so that children can learn the basics of wind power through playing. ˙ During the experiments, children can witness the power of the wind, they can storage the energy , to recharge the battery and drive the model by it.

Innovation

1

˙ Adding their own unique experiences and ideas, children can realise their own unique ambition and creative thinking, to find out more about the wind. Using electrical and mechanical models they can create their own electric vehicles.

Suggestions to parents

˙ Through this group game, your child can learn physics concepts. Every step of the assembly, in addition to training children to learn thinking skills, demonstrates the field of natural energy. ˙ Please carefully read the safety instructions within the instruction manual. We suggest that you follow the steps in the manual in the assembly of models. Soon, you will understand how to assemble the various parts and learn how to construct various models as you wish. ˙ This set is a toy appropriate for children above 8 years of age. It can help children explore and learn the wind power through the assembly of models. ˙ Please teach your children battery precautions before they start assembling models. ˙ Do not place wires or other items in household sockets. This is very dangerous. The models are only suitable for use with rechargeable and ordinary batteries (ordinary batteries should never be recharged).

Product cleaning

˙ Please remove the battery from the battery box before cleaning it. ˙ Use a slightly damp cloth to clean the parts. ˙ Do not use detergent.

Dual battery box ˙ Gigo has made innovative strides in the design of this battery box. Insert the rechargeable battery in the battery box and use the windmill model to charge it.

When assembling other models, the battery box has a discharge function that allows models to move. Simply toggle the switch on the battery box to in (charge) / out (discharge) to achieve this.

Safety Guidelines

˙ Loading and removing the battery should be carried out by an adult. ˙ Rechargeable batteries are only to be charged under adult supervision. ˙ Pay attention to the positive and negative polarity of the battery. ˙ Do not charge ordinary batteries. ˙ Alkaline batteries are recommended. ˙ Different types of batteries or new and used batteries are not to be mixed. ˙ Use only recommended or similar type batteries. ˙ The supply terminals are not to be short-circuited. A short-circuit can cause the wires to overheat and the batteries to explode. ˙ Do not mix alkaline, standard (carbon zinc), or rechargeable (nickel-cadmium) batteries. ˙ Exhausted batteries are to be removed from the toy. ˙ Dispose of used batteries in accordance with environmental provisions, not in household trash.

Caution

˙ Incorrect use of batteries may cause leakage, which could damage the surrounding environment, cause a fire or result in personal injury.

Warning This set of toys is not suitable for children under three years old. Young children might swallow the small parts. Keep toys in a place that children can't reach.

2

1

2

3

x1

x1

x1

4

5

x1

13

14

15

16

x2

x2

x4

x4

x2 x2

26

25

1 x1

x3

17

27

7

x3

x2

12

24

6

9

x2 x3 x1

18

x8

8

20

19

x14 x1

11

x2

x2

21

22

23

x1

x2

x1

28

29

30

x2

x1

x1

x3 x1

10

31

x1

1

Hub

2

Adapter

3

40X Power pack

4

Dual battery box

6

Square frame

7

Motor axle

8

Bended rod

9

S Gear

10

M Gear

11

Two-in-one converter

12

Base connector

13

S pulley

14

3 Hole dual rod

15

3 Hole rod (side 2 holes)

16

CAM connector

17

Button fixer

18

Peg

19

Extra Loose peg

20

Axle connector

21

LED cap

22 LED

23 Peg/axle remover

27 XL DR.Axle 15cm

28 base grid

26 Long blade B

31

Double-sided

5

Tube adaptor

24 Tube

25 Long blade A

29 PP Foil (Blue)

30

Sticker (160*100mm)

Release pliers

40X motor

3

In this experiment module, we’ve utilized a special set of electric motor components as can be seen in the structural diagram.

There are 3 sets of intermeshing gears in the EV motor: The speed ratio of gears A are 22:8 The speed ratio of gears B are 28:8 The speed ratio of gears C are 32:8 When the motor is activated, the power is transmitted from the motor to the gearbox, which contains three gear sets: Set A gives a gear ratio 22 to 8, Set B gives a gear ratio 28 to 8, and Set C gives a gear ratio 32 to 8. The overall gear ratio of the system is ; that is, 38.5 to 1. In other words, the motor has to turn 32.8125 times to turn the axle X once. If the motor turns at 3850 rpm, the axle X in this Axle X A B C system will turn at 100 rpm. In other words, the speed of the axle X will decrease by 38.5 times but the torque (turning force) will increase by 38.5 times.

Motor box

Wind power in everyday life

● Large windmills offer a sustainable supply for power systems ● Small windmills can be used as an independent power source ● Small windmills can be used in many different ways

Battery charge method This is the primary method of power output for small-scale wind power. Other places that use this are developing countries or remote relay stations (inability to link electric wires), flight indicators, climate observatories, and more.

Direct connection load method Through control from the operation controller, power can be produced for use whenever there is wind to propel the load.

Power Systems

風 力 wind force

Transformer

Wind Power Generation System Connection

Interchanging use with internal combustion engine method This is commonly used for power on islands; normally it produces power through wind but when the wind force becomes low, the diesel generator begins to operate.

System connection method This is the primary method used in large windmills as the converter required is very expensive but it is also the method that produces the most power.

So it turns out there are so many applications of wind power in our lives!

Below are some examples of the many uses of wind power facilities in our lives

● Electric Power Relay station power, electric car charging, road signs, billboards, lighting, water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, system connections.

Electric vehicle charging

● Machinery Power Agricultural irrigation, well pumps, air pumps (provide oxygen), mixing, hydro power.

Fountain Power

● Heat Power Warming fish farms (prevents freezing), indoor heating, quickening agent for fermentation, pre-heating bath water, melting snow on roads.

Fish farm heating

4

Principle of wind power

The principle of wind power is using wind to turn the blades of a windmill. The rotational torque produced causes the gearbox to increase in speed and drive the generators for power output. Wind is a natural source of power and constitutes the best sustainable green energy source in terms of reducing consumption of fossil energy. Wind is clean and pollution-free, and has tourism benefits, too. Wind technology has gradually matured and commercial production is now the norm. Wind has become the fastest growing renewable mainstream energy in the world. Windmills turn wind energy into mechanical energy which a generator converts and sends to a power transformer system, which in turn sends electricity to users. The real windmill generator is Alternating-current generator, when we want to store energy in batteries, we will need converter to transfer AC to DC.

The internal structure of the windmill 1.Tower: usually 50 to 100 metres in height. Inside the tower transmission of electricity cables allows maintenance personnel to enter the interior via a ladder or lift.

2.Cabin: contains retractable main components, such as the acceleration, generator, etc. Maintenance personnel can enter the cabin to effect repairs.

3.Blade: blade material is as light as possible GFRP (glass fibre reinforced plastic) is widely used for hollow blades. The larger the diameter of the windmill, the slower the speed of rotation.

4.Rotor: the centre of the blades. A variable pitch screw can change the angle of blades in response to wind conditions.

5.Speed shaft: used to increase the speed of the blade to what the generator needs.

6.Generators: generators for large windmills are about 500kw to 3000kw and can provide approximately 2000 households with electricity.

7.Yaw drive and motor: the junction of the cabin and the tower normally holds a number of motors, intended for adjusting the windward side of the windmill.

8.Controller: has control over all relevant electronic machine parts.

Movement direction of the conductor Magnetic field direction

5

EMF direction

4 Rotor 2 Cabin 5 Speed shaft 8 Controller 6 Generators 7 Yaw drive & motor 3 Blade 1 Tower

DC generator

Based on Fleming's right-hand rule, when the right index finger points in the magnetic field direction, the finger pointing in the direction of current flow (induced voltage of the positive terminal). This is how the generator works.

The biggest difference between the DC and AC structure of the generator is that the coil connected to a commutator, commonly known as brushes.

Whenever the coil is in the vertical position, the commutator will change the connected direction of the outer coil and the coil circuit ==>making them always flow in the same direction. Therefore, whenever the voltage circuit generates positive and negative changes, the conductive sheet in contact with the contactor also changes, so it can confirm the positive and negative output voltage.

This connection-exchange process is called commutation. A rotatable semicircular conductive sheet is called commutator segments and a fixed position contactor is known as the brush or brushes. The two combined form the commutator.

How to upgrade a windmill

Windmill mechanical friction is the result of air and air vortex, resulting from the wind energy actually getting only about 45% of the wind. Therefore, many scientists are committed to improving the performance of the windmill. The following are a few examples of their research.

Defuser A funnel-shaped cylinder is used so that the air flows more smoothly behind the windmill. When the wind speed increases by 10%, the power increases by 30%.

Tornado A cylinder acts like a chimney to let air flow into the updraft generated. Air attraction is used to make the windmill speed up. Theoretically it can increase the output of the wind 10 to 100 times but this has yet to be verified.

Vortex Augment Aviation mechanics uses a propeller-type windmill set up in the front of triangle wing, to produce leading edge vortex separation. Experiments have proven that output energy can be enhanced five to eight times but the method is not in use yet.

Chip Vane In Japan, this method is used to create a high-performance utility triple blade windmill. The theory is that adding a small blade in the blade tip to eliminate blade tip vortices have gathered the wind effects. Windmill performance dramatically improves.

Winglet This technique is used to prevent the aeroplane wing stall end technology. The method is simple, there are a lot of good research.

Think about it!

● Shall we make windmill turn as fast as possible? ● Why are there always three blades on a windmill? ● Where should windmills be built ? ● What is the Magnus effect? ● Does windmill power generation still operate in typhoons?

Special windmill Vertical axis windmill of the Turby Company in the Netherlands Small vertical axis windmills are especially suitable for the ever-changing direction and speed of wind in urban areas; they are highly mobile, low cost, have a low centre of gravity, and are easy to repair.

6

Windmills on the sea

Wind power causes a large noise problem compared with other means of power generation. Scientists worked to find a way to solve this problem. Finally, at the beginning of the 1990s, windmills can be fixed on special designed buoyancy and fload in the middle of sea. Offshore wind power-generating windmills cause no noise problems.

Sea surface

The confusing wind power output - rated output?

Floating part

When fossil-fuel, nuclear, or hydroelectric plants begin operation, they often maintain Sea anchor a certain power output volume (rated outSeabed put). The standard for wind power is approximately the wind speed of 12-14m (meters)/ s (second) in order to produce maximum output (rated output); however, the wind is ever-changing so the instability of the wind causes almost all output to be under rated output.

Wind force scale

The force of wind can be measured by observing its effects, and comparing them to the wind force scale. The international standard is the Beaufort scale, which was created in 1805 by the British admiral Sir Francis Beaufort. The scale was first applied to observation of the sea under the effects of wind, and later adapted to land.

Beaufort number

Description

V= 0.836 xB1.5 B= Beaufort Number; V= Actual wind speed (m/s)

Land conditions

kts

m/s

0

<1

<0.3

Calm

Calm. Smoke rises vertically

1

1-2

0.3-1.5

Light air

Smoke drift indicates wind direction

2

3-6

1.5-3.3

Light breeze

Wind vanes begin to move

3

7-10

3.3-5.5

Gentle breeze

Leaves and small twigs constantly moving

4

1-15

5.5-8.0

Moderate breeze

Dust and loose paper raised

5

16-20

8.0-10.8

Fresh breeze

Branches of a moderate size move

6

21-26 10.8-13.9

Strong breeze

Large branches in motion

7

27-33 13.9-17.2

High wind

Whole trees in motion

8

34-40 17.2-20.7

Fresh gale

Some twigs broken from trees

9

41-47 20.7-24.5

Strong gale

Some branches break off trees

10

48-55 24.5-28.4

Whole gale

Trees are broken off or uprooted

11

56-63 28.4-32.6

Violent storm

12-17

7

Wind speed

The formula for actual wind speed and Beaufort Number is :

≧64

≧32.6

Widespread vegetation and structural damage likely

Hurricane force Debris and unsecured objects are hurled about

Principle of electric cars

The electric car uses a battery to replace the usual fuel tank. The battery provides power to the motor, and the motor is converted into kinetic energy, in order to propel the vehicle. The structure is very simple.

Electric cars rely on batteries to externally charge the car once they are out of power. Electric cars provide power to its wheels in the same way that a traditional car does through the differential. A more modern method is equip each wheel with an electric motor that directly drives the wheel, negating the need for a differential. Aside from propelling a car forward, electric motor can also act as an energy convertor through the regenerative brake system that recycles the car's kinetic energy into electrical energy for storage in batteries. A difference between traditional cars and electric cars is when driving an electric car and stopping (such as at a red light), the motors come to a complete stop and do not expend any energy.

Advantages of electric cars over internal combustion engine vehicles

● Electric cars do not emit carbon dioxide and other polluting gases. ● Electric cars are very quiet. ● Electric cars do not need much servicing, because they do not have a complex internal combustion engine, clutch and transmission. Instead, at each axle is installed an electric motor inside the rim. ● Electric cars can be charged wherever there is power, at home or at charge stations.

Defects

● The price is still too high, mainly because the battery is expensive. ● Recharging time is too long (it takes hours). ● Because of the current limitations of battery technology, electric cars can't run very far. ● There are not many charging stations and there is no global network.

AC 100V

AC 100V

Battery Engine

Battery

Battery Engine Gas tank

Electric cars

Hybrid car

Fossil fuels

Electric cars are very convenient for short-distance travel in the city, but are impossible for holiday travel, because they must be charged after about 100 kilometres, and the charging time takes several hours - this is why they are not popular. At the end of 2014, only about 100,000 electric cars had been sold in the United States. By contrast, about 25 million new petrol cars were registered. In 2011, US President Barack Obama set a goal of selling more than one million electric cars in the United States in 2015, a goal now unlikely to be achieved by 2018.

Guess what?

The electric car is as old as the motorcycle. In 1899 there was a model called “La Jamais Contente”. In 1920 it was replaced by cars with an internal combustion engine because at that time electricity could not be widely generated and stored.

Do you know the fully charged battery from the windmill model can be used to power an electric car? When you remove the blades of the windmill, the central unit can be converted into an electric car (model 2, p14) .

8

Notes for assembly c

a

b 1. Use the "A" end of the Peg/Axle remover to pull off the peg (Fig. a).

2. Use the "B " end of the Peg/Axle remover to pull out the axle (Fig. b).

3. Use the "B" end of the Peg/Axle remover to pull off the button fixer (Fig. c).

When attaching a gear or a tire to the framework with a drive axle, be sure to keep a gap of about 1 mm between the gear or the tire and the framework to decrease the friction caused in operation so that smooth motion can be assured.

How to assemble and disassemble the tube

Note: when you assemble tube adaptor and tube, don't put your hands in to avoid pinching your fingers.

41 cm align parallel tube adaptor and tube downwards engagement, and as shown by the arrow swivel coupling 45 degrees (left or right side), and so hear ‘clink’ sound, and the assembly is complete.

How to remove the battery from the dual battery box

Use release pliers to take the 41 cm tube and tube adaptor apart.

Make sure you target the hole.

Just as the blue arrows are pointed, the clamps must match up with each of the holes.

How to make the windmill firm

B

Outdoor Use the ‘B’ side of the peg/axle remover to take out the battery.

9

Attach the turbine to a stake or a trunk. Fasten the cable ties to hold the turbine in place.

Indoor Put two weights of 1.5 kgs (3 pounds) each on the base.

Model

1 Windmill

Kit Contents 3

2

1

x1

x1

4

10

x2

x3

15

17

18

19

20

21

22

x2

x2

x4

x4

x2

x7

x13

x1

x1

x1

x1 1

x3

x3

27

x1

x3

8

14

26

x2

7

13

25

x1

6

12

24

x1

5

28

x2

29

x1

x2

30

x1

1

2

10

Windmill

Model

1

3

X3

5 4

Pay attention to the direction of the motor when assembling it ; if the motor is assembled backwards, the windmill will not generate power when in motion.

6

11

Recommendation: align the blade to the mark at position 1 which can generate the best performance while the fan is rotating by wind.

Model

8

7

1

Windmill

8

If your motor does not charge or if the light bulb does not light up after assembly, please check if you have assembled the motor or light bulb correctly!

9 Press down

10

12 11

12

Windmill

Model

1

12 13

1.2V/KR6/MAX. 1200mAh Rechargeable battery only

Plug in the connector from step 9 and toggle the switch to IN and insert a 1.2V AA rechargeable battery to begin charging.

14

13

DONE

Model

2

Electric car

Kit Contents 3

4

6

7

8

10

13

14

15

x1

x1

x3

x2

x2

x2

x2

x4

x1

17

18

19

20

27

29

x2

x3

x7

x1

x1

x1

1 Model

1

2

Please remove the structure at the top of model 1 as shown in the steps of the diagram.

14

Electric car

Model

2

3

4

5

DONE

15

Model

Airplane

3

Kit Contents 3

4

x1

x1

14

18

19

27

x1

x4

x1

x1

5

6

x2

x3

7

x2

8

9

10

13

x2

x1

x2

x2

1 2

16

Airplane

Model

3

3 4

5

17

DONE

Model

4

Helicopter

Kit Contents 2

3

4

6

7

8

14

15

x1

x1

x1

x1

x1

x3

x2

x3

1

2

18

Helicopter

Model

4

3

4

5

19

DONE

Model

5 Truck

Kit Contents 3

4

6

7

8

10

11

13

14

x1

x1

x3

x2

x1

x2

x2

x2

x3

15

16

18

19

27

x4

x2

x7

x4

x1

25

x2

26

x2

28

x2

1

2

20

Truck

Model

5

3

4

5

21

2 Set

Model

5

Truck

6

7

8

DONE 22

SOLAR EVOLUTION #7346 5 Models to build 142 PCS

WATER POWER #7323 15 Models to build 165 PCS

SAIL CAR #7401 6 Models to build 40 PCS

SOLAR BUGGY #7399 5 Models to build 37 PCS

SUPER WATER POWER #7375 30 Models to build 176 PCS

ULTRA LIGHT - PLANE #7402 5 Models to build 44 PCS

SOLAR MASTER #7362 22 Models to build 272 PCS

ECO-POWER #7363 22 Models to build 91 PCS

RUBBER BAND RACER #7403 5 Models to build 71 PCS

MADE IN TAIWAN

201511V2-02