#7451-EN

EXPERIMENTS

# 7451

SAFETY INFORMATION

Just five more minutes ......

Warning! Not suitable for children under 3 years.

Choking hazard — small parts may be swallowed or inhaled.

Strangulation hazard — long cords may become wrapped around the neck.

Keep the packaging and the instructions as they contain important information.

RRRRRRRRing RRRRRRing! The alarm clock let out a piercing wail.

Pepper Mint quickly reached out and hit the snooze button to silence it.

“Time to get up already?” She could have sworn that she had only just gone to bed five minutes ago. However, one look at the clock told her it was 7:30 already. Pepper knew she would have to hurry to make it to school on time.

Dear parents,

With this product, your child can happily explore the propeller acting as a power. We tell a short story for children to understand the structure of the propeller racer and introduce the main character in the story: "Pepper Mint." As an imaginative inventor, Pepper Mint has built a propeller-driven cable car. Children can assemble this model by step-by-step instructions.

The brief description and subsequent pages of the manual explore knowledge about buoyancy, thrust and air pressure in a lucid way.

Before starting the experiments, read through the instruction manual together with your child and discuss the safety information. Check to make sure the models have been assembled correctly. Since children at this age may have reached different levels of development, you can decide which steps and experiments your child can do on their own and where they may still need your help or guidance. Please find a suitable place to connect the string and ensure that there are no obstacles in the trajectory path.

8+ 26 1 AGES

MODELS

PIECES

What’s inside your experiment kit: 2

1

3

4

11

12

13

5

14

QTY. ITEAM NO.

1

F-OD 120 PROPELLER

1

2

P-DIE CUT CARD

1

3

F-220mm BAMBOO SQUARE BAR

4

7

8

15

9

10

16

you with experiments.

Now Pepper Mint will accompany your paper card sheet: Remove the Pepper Mint figure from

1 Fold the figure in half at the dashed line. Place the two sides of Pepper re.

Mint together to view it as one figu

You will also need: glue or tape.

Checklist: Find – Inspect – Check off NO. Description

6

We hope you and your child have a lot of fun playing and experimenting with this model!

NO. Description

QTY. ITEAM NO.

7436-W10-A3P

9

F-SHORT PEG

5

7402-W10-C1P

K16#7451-K

10

C-OD8×30mm TUBE

1

7400-W10-G1D

2

R36#7402-3

11

C-5 HOLE PROLATE ROD FOR AXLE 3

7443-W10-C2G

F-H SHAPE CONNECTOR

1

7403-W10-B2D

12

C-3 HOLE ROD

1

7026-W10-Q2G2

5

F-HOOK FIXTURE

1

7403-W10-B1D

13

C-SHORT BUTTON FIXER

2

7061-W10-W1W

6

F-HOOK

1

7403-W10-D1D

14

C-200mm RUBBER BAND

3

R10-28

7

F-PROPELLER CLUTCH

1

7403-W10-D2D

15

C-4000mm STRING

1

R39-W85-400

8

F-PROPELLER CLUTCH CAP

1

7403-W10-D3D

16

B-PEG REMOVER

1

7061-W10-B1Y

© 2020 Genius Toy Taiwan Co., Ltd. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED R21#7451-1

2 Fold the semicircles at the inner dashed line.

1

2

3 Cut along the solid line of the semicircles and then slide them into e. position to hold the figure in plac

3

1

×2

As much as Pepper longed to lie down and sleep, she knew that she would not be allowed to skip any classes. She had some ideas about how to work around this, though. First, Pepper tried to persuade her classmates and her teacher, Ms. Miller, to cancel the first class. Ms. Miller, however, was a passionate ornithologist who loved getting up early to study and take photos of her favorite animal before school.

She could not relate to Pepper’s problem with getting out of bed in the mornings. To make matters worse, Pepper was asked to stay late for the next few afternoons to sort out the teacher’s bird pictures. This was to make up for the trouble she had caused with her silly suggestion.

Her next idea also proved to be a dead end. Pepper figured that if she lived closer to the school, she would be able to sleep in a bit longer.

She published an ad in the local newspaper saying that her family was looking for a new house near the school. Her parents were shocked when they were flooded with phone calls and Pepper was grounded for a whole week.

Pepper Mint has been through a lot over the past few days, but it has given her the opportunity to think carefully about her plans. Yesterday, she finally came up with a new idea: to build a propeller-driven cable car that extends from her bedroom window to the classroom! With this, she can finally solve the problem of being late for school and get an extra 15 minutes of sleep.

What a great idea!

Would you mind helping her build a propeller-driven cable car?

2

The peg remover can be used to easily remove pegs.

3

Hook the two rubber bands.

CONTINUED…

CHECK IT OUT LET'S GO! 8

4

Tip!

WHAT IS AIR?

Rotate clockwise 70-80 times.

You can experiment with other kinds of string you find around the house.

The air around us is a mixture of different gases . You may have heard oxygen and carbon dioxide, both of which are essential to life. We breathe in oxygen from the air, convert it into carbon dioxide in our lungs and exhale it from our bodies. Trees use carbon dioxide and turn it into oxygen that is released into the air.

Gases are made up of many small particles Air is made up of the which can not be seen by naked eye. Atoms float in the air following gases: as individual particles or combine to form molecules. So 78% nitrogen the air is not empty, but full of small moving particles.

21% oxygen

0.03% carbon dioxide 0.07% rare gases

propeller clutch cap

9

the pin end of hook.

5

1

A

2

3

Push the propeller hook forward until there is no gap, then lock it into position using the propeller clutch cap.

Remove the box from the die cut card then fold it along the creases and form a box. Glue the flaps into place.

B

4

Stretch the string between two chair backs or table legs.

Make sure the string is level and taut.

Put your Propeller Racer in the center of string then turn the propeller 70-80 times clockwise around its own axis and twist the rubber bands.

Let go and see what happens.

WHAT'S HAPPENING ?

When you release the propeller, the twisted rubber bands unwind and transfer energy to the propeller through the hook which is connected to the rubber bands and this makes the propeller rotate. The blades of the propeller push the air backward and move the Propeller Racer forward.

In this way we see physical forces at work: The thrust created by the propeller pushes the Propeller Racer forward along the string.

EXPERIMENTS WITH THE PROPELLER RACER

10

What happens when you only rotate the propeller 30 or 50 times?

6

Thread the string through the tube.

What happens if you change the distance?

11 7

What happens if you position the string at an angle?

Tip!

You can make your own Pepper Mint figure or put other small items or messages into the box and transport them in the same way.

WHAT'S HAPPENING ?

While experimenting with your Propeller Racer you may make some interesting discoveries:

Leave 4-5 cm gap.

Done!

If the Propeller Racer is not balanced, or if the propeller tilts up or down, it may shorten the distance that the Propeller Racer can move.

The thrust which moves the Propeller Racer forward needs to be bigger than its gravity. If the string is positioned at steep or the rubber band did not be tightened enough, the Propeller Racer will not move.

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

When you drop something, it falls to the ground and does not float up into the air. In the same way, air particles have mass and are affected by the gravity of the earth. The pressure of the atmosphere is caused by the weight of the atmosphere on the surface of the earth.

THE SECRET OF FLYING

Airflow

Upthrust

Low Air Pressure

Air particles "flow" in the air like a liquid Wing and obey a physical principle which Daniel Bernoulli discovered in the High Air Pressure eighteenth centuryďźšAn increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure. In order to understand how propellers work, we need to take a closer look at the shape of propeller blades. If we do so, we will notice how similar they are to the wings of airplanes.

The wings of airplanes are curved more on top than on the bottom.

As the air flows over the wings, a buoyancy effect is created through the reduction in pressure under the airfoil. This generates a force (in the form of lift) perpendicular to the chord of the airfoil.

WHY MUST THE PROPELLER ROTATE?

A propeller is a set of blades fixed to a central rotary axis. The shape and angle of the blades affects the power of the upthrust.

If you take the propeller in your hand and let go of it without rotating it first, the propeller will just fall even though it has curved blades. This is because it lacks the upthrust you learned about in the previous experiments.

When the propeller rotates, the blades cut through the air, creating airflow. Rotation of the propeller causes the air around the wings to flow and pushes the wings up, making the aircraf t fly.

This theory can also be applied in water.

The blades of a propeller are seated diagonally on the hub.

When the propeller starts rotating, the air hits the angled blades and is deflected away causing an increase in pressure on one side and negative pressure on the other.

Negative pressure Combined together, de la this rB le l e generates op Pr an uplift effect.

Excess pressure