GIORGIA CASTELLI portfolio 30/01/1995 0039 3491603724 gio_cast@hotmail.it
CONSTRUCTION MANUAL OF A SMALL TIMBER AND STRAW HOUSING UNIT
NEW ONSEN JIGOKUDANI
IN
NEW MUSEUM DELPHI
IN
REQUALIFICATION OF A SUBURBAN AREA IN TALAMANCA DE JARAMA
NEW RESIDENTIAL AREA IN CASELLA
Genova
Madrid
Madrid
Madrid
Genova
Final Work
Spring Semester
Winter Semester
Spring Semester
Second Year
2017
2016
2015
2016
2014/15
CONSTRUCTION MANUAL OF A SMALL TIMBER AND STRAW HOUSING UNIT Nowhere Final work, developed in group January - March 2017 Fausto Novi novi@arch.unige.it
The final work consists in a guide to the self-construction of a small timber and straw bale housing unit. The target of this work is to give clear informations on how to build a small house using this technique that is actually simple and approachable for everyone. The use of straw bale in buildings first appeared in Nebraska in 1800, where the natives took advantage of great insulating capability of this material to warm their houses. This non-traditional technique is constrantly growing in Europe in the last years, where constructors decided to juxtapose to straw, a timber structure in wood. The aim of the work is to investigate a non-academic subject, and make it easily comprehensible to people who want to build their own house. We designed a guide, where it’s shown step by step how to put all the elements together. The building process is devided in 11 phases, from the foundation to the finishing claddings. One of the goals of this project, exept of designing a precious architecture with poor elements, is to maintain a medium-low price of the whole contruction, by self-constructing and by using recycled materials. For example Jersey barrier are used as foundations, and the whole elements of the timber structure are taken from scaffolding boards.
above: exploded axonometry of technological elements
1 STAGES I, II: foundations and ground floor 2 STAGE III: construction of the modular structure 3 STAGE IV: constructio of the first floor 4 STAGE V: completion of the structure 5 STAGE VI: construction of the roof 6 STAGE VII: completion of the perimetral walls 7 STAGE VIII: external cladding 8 STAGE IX, X: internal claddings and walls 9 STAGE XI: construction of the porch
11
4
7
2
5
8
3
6
9
The small housing unit, with straw bale and timber construction system, was designed to be an ensemble of different elements which interact in an organic and afficient way, whose shape is given buy the reinterpretation of the typical houses with cabin roof. The project is developed on 82 mq of surface and conceived as a minimun sustainable residence, with high energy performance. The interior space is developed in the ground floor, 50 mq divided in living room, kitchen and bathroom, and the first floor with two small bedrooms.
right: longitudinal section below: ground and first floors plans
ROOF THICKNESS 24 CM TRASMITTANCE U=0,235 W/m²K external cladding 2,5cm λ=0,13 W/mk waterproof coating 0,3cm λ=0,26 W/mK roof insulating 5+10cm λ =0,4 W/mK decking 3cm λ =0,13 W/mK WALL THICKNESS 55 CM TRASMITTANCE U=0,122 W/m²K λ=0,13 W/mk external cladding 2,5 cm λ=0,045 W/mK straw bale 35cm λ =0,21 W/mK drywall 2cm FLOOR THICKNESS 46 CM TRASMITTANCE U=0,118 W/m²K backing plank 3cm λ=0,13 W/mk straw bale 35cm λ=0,045 W/mK basement decking 3cm λ =0,13 W/mK
1. double-layer external cladding 2. waterproof coating 0,3 cm 3. wood frame 5x5 cm 4. roof insulating (wood fiber) 10+5 cm 5. decking 6. timber truss 7. aluminium gutter with 1,5% slope 8. side insulating (wood fiber) 15 cm 9. timber studs 10. technical slot 6 cm 11. internal cladding (drywall) 2 cm 12. timber nogging
(external cladding support) 2 cm 13. double-layer external cladding 14. straw bale 35x50x90 cm 15. waterproff coating 0,3 cm (optional) 16. basement decking 3 cm 17. ground floor beam 25 cm 18. supports for beams 5+5+5 cm 19. backing plank 3 cm 20. jersey barrier as foundations 21. lean concrete
The timber structure is built in three different moments and levels: - 1. the basement - 2. prefabricated walls - 3. the trussed roof
1
After completing the process of the roof construction, it is possible to fill the structure with the staw-bales. It is necessary to wait untill this moment in order to make sure that they are kept away from rain.
right: exploded perspective of the timber structure below: perspective view of stage VI 2
3
above: perspective views right: perspective section
NEW ONSEN EN JIGOKUDANI Jigokudani, Nagano, Japan academic individual work 2° semester, 3° year May 2016 Jesús Aparicio Guisado estudio@jesusaparicio.net
During the course we were asked to deal with the theme of water in different extreme situations. Onsen is the japanese name to indicate hotsprings,and Jigokudano is the name of a mountainous area crossed by a hot water river. The site of intervention is only accessible through a gangway, and it is currently populated by monkeys which go to the river to warm themselves up during the winter. Afeter investigating the tradition of the hotsprings in Japan, the first intention of the project is to enjoy the water of the river, which is naturally hot because of subterranean geyser, and the second one is to create three different situations linked to water, stone and air developed on three levels. 1st level: Area of baths. Here different baths are located at different heights and have different water temperatures, in order to create peculiar feelings according to the conditions of lights and shadows. 2nd level: The five prefabricated modules. From the exterior they seem to be completely closed, but when you enter the structure, you can enjoy the natural light which comes from the holes in the continuous patios. 3rd level: Above the five modules, wich you can reach by going up the stairs in the patios, there are three areas for outdoor activities and two swimming pools.
above: concept exploded axonometry
We were asked to distribute a surface of at least 300 mq divided in: -50 mq area for reception -150 mq for relaxing area -50+50 mq for dressing room -a free surface for exterior areas (baths and outdoor activities)
left: situation plan right: first floor plan
right: transversal and longitudinal sections below: collage and study model
right: structural axonometry below: transversal and longitudinal sections with technological details
The technique of construction of the Onsen is investigated to use prefabricated modules that only need to be brought on the site after the excavation, and pouring a slope of concrete in order to increase the mechanical capabilities of the ground. The module consists of two giant beams that simply lay on the lean concrete; the two slabs, and the stairs too, are attached by transversal joists. Insulations, the false ceiling and the floating pavament are assembled using dry mortarless construction. The floating pavement allows to place the installations without touching the surface of the concrete.
view of the interior and two views of the baths area
NEW MUSEUM IN DELPHI
Delphi, Greece Individual work Autumn semester 2015 Alberto Campo Baeza estudio@campobaeza.com
The course was focused on the relationship between ancient and new architectures, on the exchanges between new and old and how it’s possible to learn from past. The idea of the project is to use the mountain slope in order to “sink” part of the museum into the ground and to use the space in front of the building to create a giant platform, from which it’s possible to enjoy the incredible landscape of the Parnassus mountains. The aim is to generate this giant structure that has to contain all the archeological remains by “hiding” it inside the moutain, in order to make it almost invisible from the highway and the sanctuary and for it not to disturb the contemplation of the ancient greek civilization. The museum not only imitates the shape of a temple, but also its orientation to enjoy as much as possible the view and the sunlight. By making the operation of excavation, it’s essential not to forget how important natural light is. For this reason the project provides sunlight by making it enter through the interior patios, used as well as exposition space. The exhibition is a soft path, built as a series of linked rooms, where natural lights touches with its colours the archeological remains.
above: situation plan right: 3d model of the museum
The museum lays on the left side of the sanctuary, but thanks to the operation of excavation, it’s almost impossible to see it from the greek remains and from the city. The museum is made up of 3 floors. From the first one you can decide whether to access the auditorium or to enter the first exposition floor, an magnificent space divided into a double tall space from which you can start the walk through other smaller rooms and the exterios patios. The second floor is made to approach the archeological remains as the sanctuary, with changes of directions and a continuous look at the landscape through the shadows created by the impacting of light with the concrete structure. The last floor is much smaller than the other ones, and allows to leave surface for a big terrace on the valley. Here we placed a lobby, offices, the restaurant and the shop.
exposition rooms temporary exposition room restaurant offices lobby
below: transversal sections right: ground, first and second floors plans
left: structural and technological sections and two zoomed part of it above: structural 3d scheme
above: interiori view right: concept collages
REQUALIFICATION OF A SUBURBAN AREA IN TALAMANCA DE JARAMA
LOCATION OF THE SITE OF INTEREST
ANALYSIS OF THE SUNLIGHT
Talamanca de Jarama, Madrid, Spain academic team work 2° semester, 3° year May 2016 Carlos Verdaguer, Patxi Lamiquiz efrancisco.lamiquiz@upm.es cverdaguer@gea21.com
The course “La ciudad y el Medio” consisted on planning cities from an urbanistic point of view, focusing on the funcional and environmental contexts, paying particular attention on sustainable aspects. In the first part of the course,we developed in group the analysis of an area in the municipality of Madrid, generated along the Jarama River and around the small town of Talamanca de Jarama. By using ArchGIS technology, we presented different analyses concerning the area: the morphology of the ground, the hydrological study, the analysis of vegetation and permeability of the grounds and the landscape and its variety. All the information we gathered were useful to define the vocation of the different parts of the area. In the second part of the course we had to work individually and chose a specific area of the town of Talamanca de Jarama which we considered potential for a requalification. We had to study this area in deep and analyze it in its environmental caracteristics and relationship with the other part of the city, in order to find a new functional purpose. I decided to focus on a peripheral area, fallen into complete disuse but well connected to the city center. All the drawings included concern the second part of the course.
area of intervention
ANALYSIS OF THE WIND
ANALYSIS OF GROUNDS AND VEGETATIONS very permeable ground permeable ground
deciduous direction during summer
non deciduous
direction during winter
various species
CURRENT SITUATION The chosen site is a flat and empty space, which has an underground parking and it’s very close to the river and directly connected to the downtown.
The site has a direct entry from the access roads to the village and an inconvenient access from the southeast, with a high slope. Currently it has a poor connection with the locality
The site has a concrete slab beneath which is a parking temporarily disused, but with a great potential for aggregation
In the nearby of the site, there is the Jarama river, with his sublime and espectacular landscape and a rich vegetation. The south-west side of the site is linked with the part of the river that enter the town.
PROJECT PROPOSAL The site, in his current situation, is completely flat and empty, without any element that can produce protection from the sun. The project provides to inset a Green Corridor and a park to solve the problem of sunlight, and protection from noise and wind, and also to help in reducing the smell of the close industries.
To solve the absence of vegetation, the project introduces a large quantity of trees. Deciduous trees create shade in summer but not during winter, this way people can take advantage of the sun’s heat. Vegetation provides to reduce the noises of the cars, and help in making better both climate and air.
The paving, that currently is a waterproof concrete slab, will be composed of elements that help to maintain a high permeability of the ground. This system of paving allows to respect the ground and to let the vegetation to grow freely in the whole area of intervention.
The area of intervention doesn’t have any purpose , so we planned a space that has mary functions: a square, a park, a restaurant, a viewpoint and a playground for children. The combination pf all these elements creates a sustainable ecosystem, that improves the city, in its function and climate.
left: planimetry of the site above: photo from Bingmaps
SQUARE The risk to insert several functios in the area is to create a fragmented and low quality space. To avoid this, the aim is to create a multifunctional area that offers users a sense of unity. The square is not only a connection between elements, but also an area to stay and enjoy the winter sun and the air cooled in summer, walking through the vegetation and next to the fountain. In the center of the square is a plate of water with jets, where people can walk and cool. PARK In order to increase biodiversity, we have tried to concentrate the various functions in a single space connecting them with vegetation. Introducing deciduous trees, shade occurs in summer, and in winter peolple can take advantage of the suns’s heat. Trees are a significant element for wind control. In winter the wind arrives from the north: with the presence of the park, the cold air is prevented from producing a lesser thermal sensation in the area of the square and the children’s playground. At the same time in summer, the wind coming from south-west, this is cooled by the presence of vegetation. PLAYGROUND
It has been considered that one of the most important aspects is the education of children about nature and its cycles. It is intended to bring children to this area, introducing in one part children’s games and a small football field. One of the fundamental points is protection against sun exposure and traffic. To confront these problems, it has been considered that the proximity of the parents, who can monitor the children from the banks, is indispensable.
GROUND The grass in the park, in the area around the children’s playground and in the football field, which allows to respect the soil . The paving of the square and the accesses is made of local stone tiles with green joints, to allow the permeability of the floor and that the nature itself aflore between the pieces. The paving of children’s playground is made of recycled plastic tiles, which let the water through and at the same time help to avoid bruises to young users. SUNLIGHT
SUNLIGHT AND VEGETATION
GROUND AND PAVINGS
WIND AND WATER
above: sections of the project proposal right: concept collage of the project proposal
NEW RESIDENTIAL AREA IN CASELLA
Casella, Genova, Italy academic team work 2° year June 2015 Guido Gozzoli gozzoli@arch.unige.it
The course focused on the intervention on a peripheral area in Casella, a small town near Genova, Italy. The area, completetly fallen into disuses, it is sometimes used from truck drivers for breaks because it’s next to a big highway. The students were asked to design a new residential area for retired people or for young couples and to place a cultural centre. The difficulties of the project were the positions, close to the highway and for this reason noisy and without a beautiful landscape to watch, and the links with the central square and the services. The idea of the project was to create a residential area closed in itself, made up of courtyard house organized around a new square, dominated from the cultural center. To make this new area successful we had the need to create a new road that could be linked almost directly with the centre of Casella. The aim was to create for each user a good place to stay and respecting the privacy of everyone’s privacy. We designed a small house without renounce to any comfort. The each single house is divided into a big living room, a bedroom, a cosy bath and two gardens: one is visible from the public street and the other one, on the back,is private, where it’s possible to accede from both the living room and the bedroom.
main roads to casella
central square
railway
area of intervention
above: situation plan
above: axonometry of the project proposal right: situation plan of the project proposal
above: section and plan of a single house right: zoomed planimetry and two perspective views
The construction technique is based on a simple reinforced concrete structure supported by six columns and beams. In order to complete the facade, a prefabricated concrete system was chosen. The flat roof allows maintenance when needed and it is made of a waterproof walkable floating paving.
above: structural sections right: technological partial sections and structural plan