x-ray_digital_image_sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

2 0 2 0

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Diagnosis Imaging Topics 1. Interpretation of Abdominal Radiography . . . ภภ2. Basic Abdominal Ultrasonography for practitioners . .

3. Diagnostic Imaging of the Urinary System: Radiography and Ultrasonography . . .

4. Veterinary Imaging Modalities: Digital Radiography . . . ! "#

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Interpretation of Abdominal Radiography . . . ŕ¸

ภ"$% & ' ! ( ( ภภkVp # 60-90 kV () 400 speed image receptors ( Screen and film speed ) <= ภ> ภ?)<= @ )AภภA movement blur ( E > ( ( E Detail screen =A ? <G HI)J ŕ¸

J? A E A <G <= ภ) ? A ภA#ภ) ? )Kภ( K A ? ?) G A A K ภ> ) G A A ) K ภ? # ภ= ภ) HI)J

ภA ( End Expiratory Phase ) ภภ! "#$% &'% (% ) ภภ= ภŕ¸

)E A >?< 1. ภPrimary gastrointestinal system (ภ() )E @ ) 2. ภSecondary gastrointestinal system ( > @

> >> <> S J() >> > TU ) ภ) ' " *"+ , ! "#&'% (% ( Radiographic position ) Standard survey radiography abdomen ภภA

2 @A (ภventrodorsal projection () right < left lateral recumbent projection. <= ŕ¸

W ? ( ภ?

E ( ภ? ( ŕ¸

? ภภ? ? XY ภภ)< (> = ภZ A > )< AAE T[ <= K ?JT ภ> G @A A G () <= ภ)Aภ\ A ) A ภ]A Z = ) ภY^ ภ) ? ?

W ) @G A (ภGastro-Intestinal Contrast Studies â&#x20AC;˘ ภภ)< (> = ( Barium Meal ) â&#x20AC;˘ ภA (> = ( Barium Enema ) â&#x20AC;˘Negative Contrast Gastrography â&#x20AC;˘Liquid Iodine Positive Contrast Studies â&#x20AC;˘Barium Impregnated Poly Spheres [BIPS] 1. %)% ภ34! 3% 5 3 + 6"( ( Primary gastrointestinal system ) 1.1 %)% ( Oesophagus ) ]A Tภ) A @ K Tภ]A T X ภภE ? ? XY ] ? < ? \ ATภ= @A > ) A ?< Generalised oesophageal hypomotility ภ> Oesophageal foreign body impaction ]A Generalised Oesophageal Hypomotility >) ภY^ ) A A k = ภX A Dorsolateral ) A) () heart base,()

@T A @T diaphragm. < ) ภY^ T[ ŕ¸

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X-ray Digital Image Sensor

@Tm = ภstripe sign ภ< ] ? G ภE ภภ)< (> =

ภZ ]A Tภ<= E ภภ)< (> =

() ? ภ>(> = ) )< @A > ( )< # T ^ ภภK T[ ] ? G@A

1.2 ภ34! 3% ( Stomach ) ภ?Tภภ(> ภT[ 4 ?< Cardia , fundus, body and pyloric antrum. ]A (>

E ( ภภT[ A m () VD < DV view m = A m > Fundus , body () cardia pylorus # A lateral > Fundus () Body # A > pylorus

# A ) ภ34! 3% ,<) ( Gastric Dilation and Volvulus ) ]A Tภภ=

@A ]A ภ= A@ ภintercostal space E > fundus () @ ภ1.5 intercostal space E > pylorus ภ^ = ภA gastric rotation > pylorus and proximal duodenum A > gastric silhouette lateral () @T # A m VD < DV view < > tissue fold =(> ภ=

ภT[ 2 < H ภX 2 H m ภ< ภqa bumr sign "<A 5B ภB %CDEภ34! 3% (Gastric Foreign Bodies) = (T)ภT) =ภ( Gastric foreign bodies ) ภ>@A > survey radiographs. = (T)ภT) = >@A > ?< stones, bone fragments, squash balls, bottle tops and hairballs m = ภG K @A ภTภ> A @= K @A @A (ภplastics () @ Gastric Wall Pathology ] ? Infiltrative lesions ภ\) \ ภm = E (T)\)@ ? @A ภTภA G ภE ? ? double contrast gastric examination ภ^ = TUk \ ภ< <G ภ.

1.3 + 6"(4 Jภ5 3 + 6"(D K' ( Small Intestine and Large intestine) + 6"(4 JภK ) ภY^ out-pouchings A )Kภ= ภpseudo-ulcers ]A K T[ ( s E =

ภภlumen duodenum E ? ? contrast studies. >) ภY^ Hypersegmentation < @ ภ[String of Pearls sign] )E @ )Kภm = < Tภ( ( @ Tภ? \ ATŕ¸

# 2 T )E @ )Kภ= K @A ภภE barium studies ?< ŕ¸

A\ ATภ)E @ )Kภ]A A \ X# Jภ) Tภ)E @ )Kภ@ ? ภ=ภ= A vertebral bodie lumbar vertebrae = 2 () L4 ( Lateral view ? \ ATภ\ )E @ )Kภ+ 6"(%M) E ( Small Bowel Obstruction ) ภA )E @ T[ (>>> < A (>> ># ^JภK@A ภ^ = T[ (>> Z > ) ภA E ภA focal ileus. ) ภY^ )E @ T[ < > ) < A ภ(Concertina-like gathering (plication) )E @ ภA ภ= (T)ภT) = T[ ( linear foreign body ) \) E ภAภA > ( partial intestinal obstruction ) 3

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

4EOP% %ภ$% + 6"(4 Jภ( Small Intestinal Neoplasia ) <G ภ)E @ )KภK T[ ) ภY^ focal ileus m = ภT[ loop A = ŕ¸

Am = T[ ภm < ) # A)E @ =

ภE ? ? contrast studies K ŕ¸

A A)E @ ภT[ ภ)E @ = >) m = ) ภY^ G T[ = ภ'apple core' Small Intestinal Mucosal Patterns () ( TภG ภ) ภY^ mucosal patterns E T[ ? ? positive contrast radiographs Tภ() mucosal patterns ) ภY^ \ mucosa ? >() @ ภG A < ) ภY^ T[ palisade pattern ( G ภE ( ) + 6"(D K' ( Large Intestine ) ]? ileo-caeco-colic junction

# A midline A >T ^ lumbar vertebrae. = 2 () 4 #T G ) ภY^ T[ ภ) < ภ>'cork screw' ( ( #T < ภ> comma ]A

# Aภ> colon ?

E >ภ<= A#ภT) = (T) S )E @ k ? A# ภG ภA A \ X# Jภ) ? ภ\ภ\ ภ] ? = >@A > )E @ k ?< ภAภภ)< ภIleocolic junction ภE ภA (> = <= < ภภ)< ภ= K K ภA T[ fold m ภ@T ] ? = ภ= ภ>)E @

k k T[ ? ) ) ภ?)<= \ @T A

ภileus m = (> ภT[ Mechanical (Obstructive ileus), Functional (Paralytic ileus ) 2. ! "#ภS < TBภ<$% % S 3 SDE&'% (% #A6C'D&' Gastrointestinal tract 2.1 , ( Liver ) Tŕ¸

> A A > TUk ] < @ ]A Z ภภ> > >

<= )

]? ภภTภE \ A ภAภ] <

A >@A ]A TภT) A > = <= )

]? ( costal margins of the rib cage ) @T G A@ ภ0.5-2.1 A? Body ภA#ภ) = 2. ( Lumbar vertebrae body 2 th ) ]A

> ? >

(? () ภA ( Endexpiration phase ) < A? @A ภ(>> = ?< @ ? ภ1.7 body Thoracic vertebrae = 11 ภภG > ภ@A > A] < @ ภ= ภ^ = >@ @A <= ภ]? ภภภTŕ¸

> ภ?)<= = the right kidney @T A

(? < >(ภภ( TภA

(? ]A = ภfundus ) ภ@T A ventral

E ( pylorus m = Tภ( G # ( G Z ภภ> ภA#ภ) < ( ภ> rib < ( G ) > = @T A ภภTภ> ภ> () > > ภ) ภ) > > left and right lateral liver 2.26 ( Kidneys ) ภA A @ Tŕ¸

( VD radiograph ) A? Tภ@ A ภA @T

T > >ภ> A? body Lumbar vertebra = 2 > A? Tภ? A ภ> A? Tภ@ ? A ภ>2.5 - 3.2 L2 A? Tภ@ ( ? A ภ> 2.4 -

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X-ray Digital Image Sensor

3.0 E ( Tภ@ > Tภ@

# > ^ G ( ภA#ภ) ภ= 13 lumbar = 1 () 2 Tภ@ m

# > ^ G ( ภA#ภ) = 1 lumbar = 2() 3 ]A TภภA#@

Tภภ@ ?

K ]A Z @ A (

ภK @ G ? E 2 ? ? <= ภK ?< contrast nephrography () renal ultrasonography.

2.2 ,%'%E ( Pancreas )

> Tภ@ K = @T ( > ภ^ ภภ> > (pancreatitis) () ภ<G = > E K ภ= G soft tissue opacity T[ A> ^ cranial abdomen ) ภY^

> ภ> >ภ= soft tissue opacity =@ > A > ^ cranial abdomen. K ภT[ ) ภY^ ?) ภ<G =A <= W ภภ> ^ G ]A Z ภ^ cyst < abscess K ŕ¸

A descending duodenum > ^ cranial duodenal flexure.ภ<

ภภภTŕ¸

2.3 C( C ( The Spleen ) dorsoventral (or ventrodorsal) radiographs K head

# A fundus of the stomach () A @T A cranial pole of the left kidney. ( A body () tail K @A ภ<= ภภ? ?)<= @T@A ) A G m = ภ@A G ( ภ@T ภTU . lateral radiographs

@T A ) m = K

# ภ) < # > <G > ^ A = T[ A< A Tภ? A ภ<= ภG = T[ l physiological variations ภ>pathological splenomegaly m = ภA ]A

A T[ @T@A ภ2.3 Retroperitoneal Space(RPS) T[ = # lumbar muscles () the dorsal boundaries of the peritoneum.m = > ^ G T ภ> @TA

W@A (ภkidneys, both adrenals, major arteries and veins and lymphatics ภA A retroperitoneal space = A G ( descending colon > ^ Lumbar = 6 () > ^d Lumbar = 7 m = > A RPS > ^ lumbar = 6 A 0.6 - 1.5 L2 A RPS > ^ lumbar = 7 A 0.4 - 1.0 L2 m = > ŕ¸

A RPS > > ภภ) (ภ< ภ<G ภภA G 2.5 C) Xภ( The Uterus ) ]A Tภ@ K uterus () ovaries = @T ( ภ? body of uterus @A ]A soft tissue = ) ภY^ T[

# colon ภ> urinary bladder. ภ^ = A)#ภA@ k ภ)E @ )Kภ( ภ@A ภ( E ) A = T[ @ < ) AภK@A ภA) @T > ^A

=? A T[ E ( ภTU E K A)#ภ@A

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X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Basic Abdominal Ultrasonography for practitioners . . S y Kk S ) * ( ! ) (+ 1. Tภ^J() ? <= < ภE ) m AJ (Instrumentation) Transducer (Scan head) ภ)< ภtransducer = ภE ) m AJ G ภG # ภ>T >ภ^J \# E )

m AJ ภ)< ภ? = ?)<= () ภ)< ภA Transducer ภ> J ( ) T[ = = E T[ ภภ) ?< = GE ภภ10 ภ])ภ() ( ? = 7.5-10 MHz.(? = = # = A G E ŕ¸

() K @A ) Aภ) GE ภ10-20 ภ])ภ? = 5 MHz. () E > A k GE ŕ¸

ภภ20 ภ])ภ? = 3 MHz. < ภ(Nyland T.G. and Matton J.S. ,2002) ภ)< ภ? = = @A () G @ @A ? ? = G ) AภE ) m AJ G <G () ) ŕ¸

ภภ@T k )< ภ? = 3 MHz. ภE > ) ภW (

T) = ? = T[ 5 - 7.5 MHz. ภE () @

Monitor ) m AJ ภA G @A ]A X <G | pulse- echo principle ภ) ?< > ^ transducer ?)<=

ภ@Tภ>ภ> <G <= ภG ?)<= ภ) > = Transducer () ภT[ = monitor =T ภ} G ) m AJ(> ภT[ A mode, B mode () M mode A mode (Amplitude mode) T[ mode = ? = = A E >ŕ¸

< ภ>ภA ? () ? ) ภ@ ?) ภJ ) G

B mode (Brightness mode) T[ mode = T ภ} T[ (>> A ( AE ภ> ) @ @A K T[ = A @ ภภภM mode (Motion mode) T[ mode = ภภ^ echocardiography ภ> B mode (real time) M mode A#() > ภ? ) ภภ^ vertical axis () horizontal axis T ] J ภA# cardiac chamber () ? \ ภ) <G Real time B mode T[ mode =@A K ?)<= @ (>> gray scale T[ =@A ภภA

W ภภA sagital, transverse, dorsal () oblique

W G # ภ>ภtransducer =\

J A Real time B mode scanners @A (ภMechanical sector scanner, Phased array sector scanner, Linear array scanner, () Curvilinear array sector Ultrasound contrast Agents ) m AJ ) T[ ภ= = = E T[ ภภE ) m AJ <= ภT[ =)A ภX = ภA G > ^\ E =T ภ} B mode real time A ภG ภภ)() ( )ภÂ&#x20AC; )JภK T[ ŕ¸

= = E > monitor A ภG 2. ภ) m AJ() ?E E ภA? ( Image interpretation and Termination)

T ภ>A

> @ ภTU ภ> )E @ )#ภภA)#ภ()

GE )< G ) A )< A() @ W A

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X-ray Digital Image Sensor

)< A() GE = #

W AE ) m AJ T[ ภภ) > ?)<= @A

ภ( T[ GE = ? m))J < ภ=@A ) ภY^ T[ ภG ภA ) ภY^ <G <= =Tŕ¸

? ( ภ? () AE ภA = 1 <= ภ<G <= =

ภ? ภภ) > ?)<= = ŕ¸

= 1 Order of increasing echogenicity of body tissue and substance (Nyland T.G. and Matton J.S. ,2002) Bile, Urine AE ( ภภ) > ?)<= @A ภ) Renal medulla Â&#x192; Muscle Â&#x192; Renal cortex Â&#x192; Liver Â&#x192; Fat (storage) Â&#x192; Spleen Â&#x192; Prostate Â&#x192; Renal sinus Â&#x192; Structure fat, vessel wall Â&#x192; Bone, Gas ( ภภ) > ?)<= @A ภ) ?E E ภA? ) m AJ ( Terminology) > ^ = ภW ( ภ# )

ภHyperechoic (Echo rich) > ^ = ( ภ=E )

ภHypoechoic (Echo poor) > ^ = AE (@ ภภ) >)

ภAnechoic (Echo free) Homogeneous = ) ภY^ > T[ <G A ภA A =T ภ} T[ (>> )Kภ) A Heterogeneous ) ภY^ @ > T[ <G A ภA A =T ภ} T[ (>>ภ) < k @ ) A 3. ŕ¸

() ภA ภ) m AJ (Preparatoion and Positioning of the patient) ภ) m AJ G ( J = E ) m AJ

# ภ) ? <= ) m AJ()

J ]A ? <= ) m AJ # A m < () < m ภภA? >? T  > ^ monitor () < > transducer >) @T>

J ŕ¸

J ) G ภE ) m AJ ภE ภ]ภ> ^ ภ> ^ G ( costal arch > ^ ( (>

J ) = > J 40) ( > = > ^ > <

# () @ ? E T[ ภ]ภ( E > ^ ) m AJ TÂ&#x201A; ภ<G ภ> ) A E ) m AJ A G

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X-ray Digital Image Sensor

E > ภA

J = = A?< dorsal recumbency ) ) ?< lateral recumbency () >

< = A k ภภ^ = ? E T[ =

J? ) ภ) = morphine () S J E ภA ภ>() (ภÂ&#x201E; A @A G ภ) Xylazine A E ภA gastric atony 4. ภ?() ? ? ภ) m AJ

W (Anatomy and Technique of abdominal ultrasound )

G >

G ( ) ภ> ) ภm = T ภ>@TA ภ)

WA G 1. > GE A @ @ ภTU (SET 1) 2. @ A)#ภ)#ภภ(SET2) 3. ภ)E @ )Kภ> )E @ k () )E @ (SET3) 4. ภ@

GE )< () ) A )< A caudal vena cava , aorta, portal vein (SET4) E >\# = E ) m AJ = ภSET 1 ภภG ?

W E SET 2,3,4 = ภE ) m AJA SET = 1 ภ) m AJ > # Dorsal recumbency ภG = transducer ) xiphoid process ภA#ภsternum transducer T[ ( sagital plan ภ>

> <= @A ? > ภภ> m = T ภ>@TA Left medial lobe, Left lateral lobe, Process lobe, Right medial lobe, Quadrate lobe, Right lateral lobe () Caudal lobe ]A GE A # Right medial lobe () Quadrate lobe (Ronald W.G., 1996) ภภG? E transverse plan A

m AJ > =Tภ> <G <= >(>> homogeneous echoic () > anechoic ) A )< A ]A \ ) A )< A portal vein (hyperechoic) ภhepatic vein G E A >) ภY^ anechoic round structures () >> ภ) m AJ E ภ= A Aภ> greater curvature ภ]A (> ภT[ head, body () tail <G <= =Tภ) ภY^ homogeneous echoic ภ( hyperechoic ภ> ภ) m AJ@ G (> ภ@A T[ ]A A cranial pole @ \ ภ> caudal lobe

> @ m

# A ) A ภภภ() Tภ@ > renal cortex () renal medullar ( ภภภภA ]A G cortex (hyperechoic) ภG medullar ภ) m AJภTU E transducer >) @T> ^ caudal abdomen > Anechoic oval structure ( E @A G GE TU # K ภTU ) ภE ) m AJ SET =2 ภE ) m AJ @ () A)#ภG T[ =? @A ภภ^ = Tภ]A Tŕ¸

A)#ภ? ภ1 cm. ]A

E ( ) m AJ G ภTU @A ภA)#ŕ¸

( dorsal surface ภTU @ E @A ]A @ >ภภG )<= @T =A @ G A E >ภ) m AJ )#ภภG E @A @ ภ)#ภภ# > ^ next of bladder ภE ) m AJ SET =3 ภ() )E @ )KภE @A dorsal recumbency ]A transducer = xiphoid region ภ# ) > ภfundus () body A m )E pyloric () )E @ duodenum # A )E E > > (> ภT[ 2 ?< left lobe greater curvature of stomach ภ> transverse colon ]A

( lateral @Tภ> () cranial pole @ m () right lobe

8

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

@Tภ> duodenum > = # Tภ) ภY^ (>> hypoechoic appearance ) m AJ )E @ )Kภ=Tภ>) ภY^ hyperechoic () hypoechoic layers]A \ )E @ T ^ 3Â&#x2C6;5 cm. () T ^ 1.7 cm. )E @ k ((Nyland T.G. and Matton J.S. ,2002)) ภE ) m AJ SET =4?< ภ@ () G E )< ภ) @T T[ E ( = E @A @ ภภE ) m AJ @A T S = A G # ภ>? ภ?

J () \# E ภ) m AJ ) m AJ =Tภภ= A# =\ ATŕ¸

W 4%ภ" %( %< Nyland T.G. and Matton J.S. 2002. Abdominal ultrasound scanning techniques. Small animal diagnosis ultrasound (2nd edition) W.B.SAUNDERS COMPANY London. P.49-81.

Ronald W.G. 1996. Gross Anatomy of the Abdomen for the Ultrasonologist. Small animal ultrasound. LippincottRaven. New York. P.353-362.

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X-ray Digital Image Sensor

ภ<E< Z S "# < S 5 3% [ )* DE 3,, 4)<EB\"" 3 (Diagnostic Imaging of the Urinary System: Radiography and Ultrasonography) %.E."!."M <& M^ 4 ! "$% & ' ! , ()ภ$! ( ภZ

< ) m AJ >> A TU ภE @A ภ^ = ( J >? \ ATŕ¸

J <= T ภTU ภT AภT , ภTU = )< AT , ภTU )E > ภ< T A ภK < <= ( J ?)E () > ŕ¸

k ภ<G = ? k =\ ATŕ¸

@ ภTU < )#ภภ< ภ> ? A ) = =\ ATภภภX\# < X

ภ>? \ ATภ? ? ])

? # , ? ? < ? H H = # G < ภ> KA )< A(A < ]T T ภภ>TU T[ G G ภZ

( J ? E T[ > ) ภY^ = T ภ} = T[ Tŕ¸

>> A TU ภA G 6 (renal) T ภ} # => ^A > ]A Â&#x2039;U # <G <= @ \ m = @

# A () < ภ@ m ]A > @ #ภTภ?) A

> m = E ภภŕ¸

ภ( @ ? ) ภY^ ภ) ภภ= @ #T ?) = ]A @ G ( ? # A > A ภภA A @ A S

A ŕ¸

]A

T > >ภ>? ภA#ภ) = ( L2) ]A ATŕ¸

# =T ^ 2.5 3.5 L2 () ( A # =T ^ 2.4 3.2 L2 ]A Tภ( = ภ>@A ภA )Kภ) @ @A )KภภภG ภ) ภY^ =T ภ} \ @ @A ]A @ Tภ\ = >m = J =\ E ภภ@A ภ<= ภ@ =) >@ G # T ^

E >ภZ ) m JA T[ ภS = T S ภA #T () @

]A T ] J ภภ^ = J ) # < ภ^ = J m#>\ =ŕ¸

E @A ภภ> E ( ภภK>

<G @ T[ @T@A T) A ภA ( > ภ^ = JT G A = k () ภ< ภ= J ภÂ&#x201E; m )E @ E ภm = E ภZ @

) m JA E @A ภ= G ) ภY^ ภ?Tภ@ T ภ>A <G @ G ภ( renal cortex ) > ?

A >ภ) ( intermediate echogenicity ) <G @ G ( renal medulla ) ?

A > =E ( hypoechogenicity to nearly anechoic ) () ภ@ ( renal pelvis ) A >?

A > = # ( high echogenicity ) G G K

<G @ G ภ() <G @ G @A A > @ ) ภY^ = > () > ภภGภ) m JA @

> ภภ@ ) )< A

@ () A ภ@ m = > ภภภ= ภA @ @A ภA E > A >?

<G @ G ภE T > >@A ภ> ? @A ]A A >?

ภ<G () A >?

ภ)Kภ< ภ> <G >

10

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

'%6 ( ureter ) T[ ภ) <G > W = = ภภภ@ ( ภ# \ () #

> ^ = @ ]A TIA # ภTU > ^A > m = JTภ() @

A )Kภ@ K @A ภ< ภภ) m JA@A ภ34! 3B\"" 3 ( urinary bladder) ]A TภภTU T ภ} T[ <G <= = > T[ <G A ภ> ^ A ]A

# ) E @ k (descending colon) () > ? ภTU ( () X\# ภX ภ>ภTU =T ภ} T[ > \ A ภ( serosal surface ) ]A T[ \) ภ@ = # ) m JAภTU \ = ? > T ^ 1 2 )) ]A E ( ภ@A T[ G ภ) <G = ?

=E () #ภT ภ> A G \ A ( mucosa ) () \ A ภ= ? = ภภภภG () ( =Tŕ¸

GE TU @= ? )

'% 4)<EB\"" 3 ( urethra ) T[ = = ภภภTU ]A TU T[ A )Kภ() > m = ภ@ K ภX\# A TU (> ภ@A T[ 3 > ^ = TU = \ ?< prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, () penile urethra () X A TU = G () ภภX\# ภ^ = ? \ ATภภA G @

^ @A ภ#T () A = T) = (T) @T ]A > @ A k G ( #T Tภ>@A ภ^ acute renal disease, hydronephrosis, infiltrative disease ( lymphosarcoma, feline infectious peritonitis nephritis), amyloidosis, subcapsular fluid disease ( urine , hemorrhage) < perinephric pseudocyst () @ A k G ( #T =\ ATภ@T >@A ภ^ renal neoplasia, cysts, abscess, granuloma < hematoma ]A > @ A k G # > ^A ) @ #ภÂ&#x2039;U # <G <= ภ= ภ( retroperitoneal fascia ) ]A > @ A k E descending duodenum () ascending colon ?)<= ) A ) A A G )E @ )Kภ?)<= @T m

ภG A @ m A k G E descending colon () )E @ )Kภ> ^ ภ) ? ภ?)<= ) () > A( ภ) ภG () @ A )Kภ) () #T =\ ATภ@T ภA@A <= ภ] ?@ = <G ภA

)< A @ < T[ ? \ ATŕ¸

G ( ภE A @ @A ภภG > > ภ^ =@ ?

@ = T) = (T) @T T[ \) <= ภ= = # @ < ภ( S

<G @ > ? G ภE ? ? XY <= Z ? \ ATภ@ excretory urography ภK E ภT @ @A ]A A# ภ) ภY^ ภŕ¸

>( =\ <G @ ) ภ@= A E ภZ A )< AAE ]A

( A )< A @= )

# <G @ < T ภ@ ]A > A

k G ภ^ = ภA < A <G @A < ภภ@ < @ ภ> A > G < #ภ> A A )Kภ) T[ \) <= ภภ<G = ภA G <G @ ภK@A E >ภZ ? \ ATภ@ E T[ X ? ? XY excretory urography ]A ภภภ> G > A @ ]A > @ = A

k G ภT[ \) ภA

<= ภภA ]A Z > ^ ureterovesicular junction () E > @ = > ภ#ภ> A \ A( < \ A

11

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

E ( @T ภT[ \) <= ภภ<G > ^ ? < ( > = > ภภ@ Z ภTIA ภ\ A E ( @T @ ( ectopic ureter ) @A ภ) m AJ ภK T[ ภS = ภZ @ =

k @A ภ]A E ภภ= E excretory urography <= ภT[ S =T) A

J ภ^ = ? \ ATภภA G ภTU ^ @A ภA ภTU ]A > ภTU A k G T[ \) <= ภภA m = ภA ภ= < <G ภG ? \ ATภ<= ภ>>T = ?

@ ) T[ ภ^ =ภTU A )Kภ) < ภTU @

A@A TภT[ \) <= ภectopic ureters <G ภภTU ภ> < ภZ ภA ภTU m = ^ ? \ ATภภTU @A ภ#T ]A T[ \) ภ<G ภ\ ภTU G ภZ ภA < T[ ? \ ATภ( ภE A urachal diverticulum < > ? G = > ภTU

@T \) <= ภภ?)<= ) A ภ@T ภภ^ = ภA perineal hernia ภ( ภภTU ภGE E ŕ¸

# < ( ภ= AKภ=\ < = = TU ภ@T() W ภK E ภภภTU E @A ภภภภG > ภTU = ? > = = G ภTU ภK ภA@A ภภ= = # ภTU ]A Z = = ?JT ภ> S E ภphosphates, oxalates, cystine = A >? # < urate = A >? =E < ( ภ= ภ( S ภ> ^\ G ภTU ]A

T[ \) <= ภภTU = ภ> <G E >ภ? ? XY = <= ภZ ? \ ATภภTU G ? \ ATภ\ ภTU () ภ= < ภ)< A ภTU = T S S = ?< double contrast cystography ]A ? \ ATŕ¸

\ ( intramural lesion ) < ภภA G > = ?)< > # > ^\ A ( A ? \ ATภG T ภÂ&#x152; G

< = (T)ภT) = @= K @A ภTภ< ภภ)< A # ภTU G ภE ? ? XY S G Z ? \ ATภA ภ) ) G A A = G ]A T[ = >( = ) > > =? () A = ภภภ) # ภ) ( >( ภ)< A T ภ} >( =) > ? >@ A () >ภŕ¸

ภ)< Aภ@T = ภTU > ? G = ภZ A ภX G ภE ? ? XY = K < ( ภ@T G ( J E T[ ( ภ? ( ภH ภX ภภ= < ภ)< A @A ?< H ภX ) ภY^ ภ) () >( =) >? > ]A T ภÂ&#x152;H ภX G]A > ( >( ภTU ภS ) m AJ ภZ ? \ ATภภTU @A ]A ภ^ ภ= ภTU ]A = ?)<= ภ) @T > ^ = # =E ( ภT) =

J@T() G T ภ} acoustic shadowing > ^ = T[ ภ= ภA < ภ^ = ภภ> <G ภTU ภ() \ G ภTU A m = > ? G ภ= ภภ> <G >ภ<= T[ = <G ( polyps ) ภภ\ ภTU @A m = ( J\# E T[ E ( ภภภ<G ภภA ]A < G ภ= >@A > () ( ?< transitional cell carcinoma ]A ภ> X () ( X\# ]A > \ ภTU ]A Z > ^? ภTU () E T ภTU )A) ŕ¸

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X-ray Digital Image Sensor

ภ^ = ? \ ATภภA G A TU G ภภA ภภA () ภZ ภA A TU m = #)@A @ ภภภภ^ = ภA <= ภภ= A = ? ^ > > ภK E > E ( = @A A ]A G GภE ? ? XY ?< S contrast urethrography E

( J@A > #) ภภZ @A = G ภA

4%ภ" %( %< Baines, E.. 2005. Practical contrast radiography 3. urogenital studies. In practice. 27 (10 ): 466 -473.

Feeney, D.A. and Johnston, G.R.. 2002. The kidneys and ureters. In: Textbook of veterinary diagnostic radiology.

4th ed.. Pennsylvania. W.B.Saunders Company: 556 -570.

Nyland, T.G., Mattoon, J.S., Herrgesell, E.J. and Wisner, E.R.. 2002. Urinary tract. In: Small animal diagnostic Ultrasound. 2nd ed.. Pennsylvania. W.B.Saunders Company: 158 -195.

13

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Veterinary Imaging Modalities: Digital Radiography . .A . Â&#x17D; SJ ?E - " ' ( ' !&(% ภ.* ! "$% & ' ! ( / &ภ+ , E+ Digital radiography ภT[ Y @ @A >>A ) @ ภK <= ? = #ภ() @ ?) A ?)<= ? <= S > ?E X J = ภ= ? @ ภ> X J T[ Y ภÂ&#x17D;Y > ? G Digital radiography > T[ = = = ? E ? k ภ= A ? ภ?] ]) veterinary imaging > G ( ภ? <= ) m J E > Z ] ? ) A ]A ) 20 TÂ&#x201A; =\ = @G A @T A( >>ภTภ(conventional radiography) X# JภZ ภ( J ? (human imaging centers) m = TU > G T X digital radiography T[ = = #ภE ] > ) J <= ภภ() ] > ) J = ? = T[ =

JT  ?) ภ> ??)> ( () ? ภ) G T[ =? Aภ>> G #ภE ?) ภภ]A T X@ >> G = ภA G () ] > ) J

> ภX ภY @A (ภ?^ ( X J ) A) ?^ ( X J ) (ภ() ? ภ) G ภ) > ] > ) J ภT X@ G ?] ]) = E ) W( A ภ() ? Aภ= G ภA G ภE ? ภ> ?] ]) G ? E T[ <= ) ภภE () T[ #) E >ภ)< ภm<G @T ]A = W@T >> digital radiography A ภ2 >> ?< 1. Computed radiography (CR) () 2. Direct digital radiography (DDR) m = G >> G ? <= ภE A ภm JTภ(conventional X-ray machine) Tภ^J <G | Tภ@A (ภGrid () ] Â&#x201E; ภm J @ ภK = =( ภภ?< >> digital radiography @ HI)J ภm J (filmless) () = ภ(T \) T ภ} # > ?

J A G A >> G @ ? E T[ <A ภK> HI)J ? <= ) HI)J < ภ) @H E > HI)J ภ@T = = E ? k =( ภภ>> CR () DDR ?< > ภภ@A m = ภm J @ ) ภY^ ภm JA ) G A \)) SJ G( > @ ( ภภ() T ] J = E ? k ภ= >> digital radiography @ T[ >> A?< ภ() ภK> ) G@T >> PACS (picture archiving communications system) m = T[ >>ภ() > #) A ) ภ( J ? <= < ภ( J ภA = ภK>() ภภ? J ) @A Computed radiography (CR) >> CR #ภ� G ? G ( ภ]A > Y H# (Fuji, Tokyo, Japan) () #ภ? G ( ภ<= T ^ X Y 1980 T ภ> >> CR ?< detector < image plate (IP) m = ) ภY^ T[ (\ > W <= ภ@A m = Tภ^J = ภIP m = E = T) = < ภ>> analog T[ digital (analog to digital converter, ADC) () ?

J ]T (ภ= ภภm JA ) G

14

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

01 2 1 - & )/ 4 ภ# ) &(%ภ)- / ) %** CR IP T ภ>@TA photosensitive phosphors = #ภภm = ) @A >( ภm J = ภ> latent image G ภG #ภA laser () #ภT) = kk ภ>> analog T[ digital ( #T = 1) ]A

? T[ () IP E = < HI)J ภm JTภภ> intensifying screen () @ ? m = ? ( K ( latent image IP >> CR G ) G <= ) \ @T? ^ )A) A G IP =@A >ภภm J() ? #ภ(scan) ) @ ? ภ= m = ) ภIP G #ภ() latent image #ภ)>@T m = ภK E E @T @A ภX ภY > IP = (\ E m GE @A ภภ10,000 ? G m = ภ= ( G #ภ>ภA#() ภY A ภA? ) A ภ>> CR TU > G # =T ^ 2048 X 2048 matrix m = ? ) A # ]A T[ (>> 12 bit system m = gray scale range G ( 0-4096 m = ภ(T \) Direct digital radiography (DDR) = ) ภ=( ภภ>> CR () DDR ?< detector >> DDR @A () = T[ A ) ภ@T

J@ A ภA G E @ ? E T[ IP () Tภ^J ภ(reader) ภG

= ( #T = 2) m = E G ภ@A m = ภm J K ภT ภ} G = J <= ( ภm J\ @T

detector =

ภm J m = >> DDR G (>

) @T@A ภA detector @A (ภflat panel detectors () CCD detectors m = > ? G @ ภ) ) A

15

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

01 2 2 ( ภภ/ ) %** digital radiography / ) %** CR &(% DDR D 2) 4) ) %**& ภ+ )ภ2/ 4 ภ)- (

ภ)"<ED 4 O%ภ[OP% E ภA >>HI)J ภm J(>> A ?< E T[ <A G ŕ¸

HI)J ) HI)J ?

HI)J ภm J () GE ) HI)J ภภG

= ภK>HI)J = TU > G T)< < G = G ภ? HI) J A =

ภภTUk ) G E ( ] ? ภ) digital radiography > > () ( = >> ภm J(>> A T ] J @ = A > <= >> digital radiography @A (ภ1. @A ภm J #T(>>A ) m = #ภE @T @A

2. ภ) ภภHI)J ภm J GE ) HI)J ? <= ) HI)J 3. @ E T[ <G = ภK>HI)J A k 4. = ? ^ ภm J primarily image contrast 5. )A E ภภm JmGE 6. ภm JmGE @A @ E ภA 7. > ภ@A m = ภm J = A K ภG T ] J ภภ@= A #T ภm J #T(>>A ) T[ \) ) ภ= E ? k = ภA >> digital radiography ? ^T ] J = =@A >?< ภ= (T \) \ >> internet (Teleradiology) ]A = @ E T[ HI)J @TA E ?E T ภY \# = k@A ? \ A ) A ภภA J <= ภm J < ?

T) A @ @A ( ภภ>> A ( ? ? HI)J () GE ) HI)J @ = G ( ?

E T[ E ภภm JmGE >> digital radiography E > ภ( J @A >ภT > T) = ภ= ? ]A ภ= #> = G ( ]A () ภK?< >> A ภ=

16

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

ภ4B #S,4 #S, 3 ' CR 5 3 DDR >> >> G #ภE T > > <= E ภA )< ภ>> A A = A >> CR ภK ?< ภA >> ]A m = \) E ภ> ภ) ภ^ = E JT ภ@ ภK

) @ ภ=TÂ&#x201A; =\ ภÂ? >> CR = ภG <= W ? ^ ภm J(>>A ) G A ( > @ ภ() ) ภscan ภIP A K ภG ภA

) 3 IP ( = ภm J) TU > ) 1 < ภG m = G ภ>? ( ) ? <= ( ) > Y () <= ^ ภ>> CR #ภE @T @A ) ภ) ภ< = ภT[ DDR Tภ^J detector ภA( A ภ>] Â&#x201E; ภm J @ ?)< =

@A >> CR detector ?< plate = ?)<=

E @T @A ภ= m = ภภ( J @ # ?) ภ< ภE <G = () A ? >> CR ? #ภภDDR ภA

\)A ภ) >> CR ? @A >ภ^ )< ภภภ>> DDR 4%ภ" %( %< Fujifilm NTD systems. http://www.fujindt.com/ndt_fcr.html (accessed October 7, 2007).

Lo WY, Puchalski SM. Digital image processing. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2008;49:S42Â&#x201C;S47.

Mattoon JS, Smith C. Breakthroughs in radiography: computed radiography. Compendium, Veterinary Learning Systems, 2004. http://www.idexx.com/animalhealth/digital/ compendiumjan2004cr.pdf (accessed October 15, 2007).

Robertson ID, Saverid T. Hospital, Radiology, and Picture Archiving and Communication Systems. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2008;49: S19Â&#x201C;S28.

WIDMER, WR. Acquisition hardware fordigital imaging. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound, Vol. 49, No. 1, Supp. 1, 2008, pp S2Â&#x201C;S8.

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X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Contents From CR to DR................................... 02 No.1 Share in DR Market..................... 04 Features............................................... 06 Operation............................................ 08 Optional Items..................................... 10 Specifications....................................... 12 Support / After-Service........................ 13

Densely aligned CCD sensors with our own unique technology

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

From CR to DR Since Dr. Roentgen discovered the x-ray in 1895, we used films to capture its light.

As the market continues to move towards film-less radiology, the technology to detect x-ray has changed from film-base to CR and now to DR system.

Densely aligned CCD sensors in NAOMI are now opening a new frontier in digital radiography to make the radiography process more effective and faster.

02

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Direct Digital Radiography CCD Imaging Sensor

03

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

In 2007 the No.1 Share in DR Market

* Researched by Yano Research Institute of Economy

Digital radiography system, NAOMI has honorably achieved the top share in DR market among private clinics in 2007.

We are striving everyday to develop products to meet the customers' needs.

04

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

192 CCD sensors in the digital radiography system, NAOMI

Direct Digital Radiography CCD Imaging Sensor

05

FeaturesX-ray Digital Image Sensor 48 Megapixel High Image Quality NAOMI uses the maximum of 192 monochrome CCD sensors. By aligning them densely with our unique technology, NAOMI has achieved to capture the intense concentration of light and generates 48 megapixel image quality. The newly developed high-performance engine displays the image smoothly in 4096 gray scales (12 bit). A single image contains immense data information to be displayed, from soft tissue to osseous part in smoother and deeper levels of contrast.

Carbon Plate

Scintillator High Resolution Monochrome CCD Sensor

CCD Board

From 5 seconds - Instant Image Display Since it is a retrofit system, it is not necessary to replace x-ray generators, modify the office or redo in-office wirings. It is not associated with any hassles such as developing films or scanning the imaging plate with CR system. It takes seconds from x-ray exposure to image display. There is no more waiting for doctors and patients.

The captured images are automatically stored in the computer for easier management of the patients' records.

06

PC NAOMI

USB cable

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Simply Replace the Film Cassette The necessary equipments are only NAOMI sensor and a computer. The setup is to replace the film cassette with NAOMI sensor, and the office x-ray environment becomes digitized immediately. The doctors can continue to use their current x-ray generators.

Cost and Space Savings

Film-based

Since films and chemicals are no longer required, it drastically reduces the running cost of the x-ray. It also liberates the dark room and plumbing system for the extra space in the office.

NAOMI

film

None chemicals maintenance No cassette preparation or film development.

*NAOMI only requires electricity fee

Direct Digital Radiography CCD Imaging Sensor

07

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Operation Digital Image Manipulation

As simple as a digital camera

The NAOMI software (DICOM 3.0) provides easier methods to digital image manipulation: from magnification on the area of interest, length and angle measurement, contrast adjustment, negative-positive switchover, horizontal/vertical rotation, and side-byside image layout for comparison. It provides more information on a single image to support diagnosis from various angles.

DICOM (Digital Image and Communication in Medicine) A communication standard developed by American College of Radiology (ACR) and National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) for medical image format acquired from CT, MRI, or digital x-ray.

Smooth Workflow NAOMI X-Ray Generator Through the USB cable, the image data will be downloaded automatically.

ID

USB Cable

Patient

1. Enter the patient information.

Create a folder by the chart number or patient name.

08

2. Irradiate The existing x-ray generator in your clinic works with NAOMI.

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Side-by-side Layout

Negative/Positive Switchover The image is displayed in both ă&#x20AC;&#x20AC; negative and positive.

It allows to display 2, 4, 9 and 16 images on the screen.

2 images

Negative

4 images

Positive

Annotation

Inversion/Rotation It inverts or rotates the direction of the image.

Inversion

Rotation

Another window opens with the image to measure and create an annotation.

Length Measurement

Angle Measurement Text Insertion Comment

33.4cm

131.2 o

Create a text box on the image to insert a comment.

The length can be measured directly on the image.

The angle can be measured directly on the image.

PC Through the LAN connection, the different terminals can access and share the captured images.

Exam Room 1

LAN

3. Instant Image Acquisition The captured image is instantly displayed on the monitor and automatically saved into the computer.

Exam Room 2

Operation Room

Manipulating the image is with an easy single click operation on the mouse. A doctor can start diagnosis instantly.

Direct Digital Radiography CCD Imaging Sensor

09

Digital Image Sensor OptionalX-ray Items Monitor

2-Megapixel High-Contrast Monochrome Monitor High-contrast, smooth grayscale display The x-ray images are precisely displayed on 700cd/m2 high-intensity monochrome monitor. The smooth gradation and rich grayscale show the details of the image.

[Specifications]

35° 90°

LCD panel

Technology Display Area Native Resolution Pixel Pitch Contrast Ratio Maximum Luminance Viewing Angle Finishing

20.1-inch, Monochrome, TFT 16.06 (H) × 12.04 (V) inch 1600 (H) × 1200(V) Pixel 0.255 (H) × 0.255 (V) mm 1000 : 1 (Typ) 700 cd/m2 (Typ) 170° (H,V) AG film, Hardcoated

Input Signal

Input Sync Signal

DVI

Physical

Dimensions

Landscape:17.56(W)×15.29-20.41(H)×11.18(D)inch

Specifications

(with the tilt stand) Weight Stand Mount

Portrait:14.17(W)×18.27-22.11(H)×11.18(D)inch approx. 16.72lb, w/o tilt stand: Approx. 12.1lb Pivot, Tilt, Swivel, Height Adjustment Slide VESA FDMI (100×100mm)

Other Features

Backlight Life Operating Temperature

50,000 hours (minimum) 5-35 °C, Humidity -70 PH

* The computer must be compatible with DVI-D output. If it is only compatible with VGA output, a graphic board with DVI output is necessary.

RF 2-Mega pixel Monochrome Monitor

10

Regular Color Monitor

RF Monochrome Monitor

Color Monitor

Max. Luminance

700cd / m2

300cd / m2

Contrast Ratio

1000 : 1

500 : 1

Viewing Angle

170°(H) 170°(V)

140°(H), 120°(V)

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Computer

Desktop Computer

Laptop Computer

[Specifications] Windows XP Professional 17 inch LCD monitor Weight: 10.4 kg / 22.93 lbs Memory: 2GB DVD/CD-RW Drive

[Specifications] Windows XP Professional 14.1 inch LCD Monitor Weight: 2.42 kg / 5.33 lbs Memory: 2GB DVD/CD-RW Drive

Bracket & Stand

Protective Cover The protective cover fits around the sensor to make the x-ray table flat.

[Specifications]

Centerpiece

Extension (Small)

Dimension (W x H x D): 761 x 62 x 590 (mm) /

29.96 x 2.44 x 23.22 (inch)

Dimension (W x H x D): 125 x 62 x 590 (mm) /

4.92 x 2.44 x 23.22 (inch)

Extension (Large)

End piece

Dimension (W x H x D): 225 x 62 x 590 (mm) /

8.86 x 2.44 x 23.22 (inch)

Dimension (W x H x D): 75 x 62 x 590 (mm) /

2.95 x 2.44 x 23.22 (inch)

Acrylic Table Top Cover, SD-400 The acrylic cover fits on the x-ray table with the sliding tray for NAOMI. * Acrylic table top cover is custom-made to fit your x-ray table.

Upright Radiography Stand

Bracket for Upright Bucky Stand

The balancer assists the easier positioning of the sensor.

The bracket fits over the bucky cabinet of your existing upright stand.

[Specifications] Dimension (W x H x D): 600 x 2000 x 800 (mm) /

23.62 x 78.74 x 31.50 (inch)

[Specifications] Dimension (W x H x D): 450 x 613 x 90 (mm) /

17.72 x 24.13 x 3.54 (inch)

Direct Digital Radiography CCD Imaging Sensor

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X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray digital image technology นําภาพdicomจากคอมไป upload ขึ้นบน internet Web hosting

ภาพx ภาพ x-rayปรากฏใน rayปรากฏใน 20 วินาที ทันทีที่เริม ่ กดถาย x-ray y

และเก็บสําเนาในความจําของ คอมพิวเตอรหลัก คอมพวเตอรหลก

หองตรวจ1 1 2 หรื​ือ 3 สามารถเรี ส ย ี กดูภาพจากหนว  ยความจํา ํ ไดทันที โดยมีโปรแกรมดูและปรับภาพไดเหมือนตนฉบับ

สามารถเรยกดู สามารถเรี ยกดภาพจาก ภาพจาก internet ไ ด ทั น ที จ า ก ทุ ก ที่ โ ด ย มี โ ป ร แ ก ร ม ดู แ ล ะ ป รั บ ภ า พ ไ ด เหมือนตนฉบับ

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Distributed by:

10531 Humbolt St. Los Alamitos, CA, 90720 USA Ph. 562-430-8779 Fax 562-430-8769

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Imaging Solutions for Veterinary Medicine Visbion VPACS is a powerful solution for the storage, reporting and review of patient images within veterinary medicine. The system provides veterinary practitioners with access to complete patient records, including reports and historical images twenty four hours a day, seven days a week. Access can be enabled both on-site and from remote locations. At the heart of VPACS is an integrated patient-centric record that allows veterinary practitioners to care for patients in a way that has not previously been available.

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Through VPACS, practices can integrate all imaging devices so that images can be stored and viewed side-by-side independent of the original device. The system ensures that all images are available on-line – there is no longer a need to archive images on CD.

Conversion of analogue and digital video images captured from any imaging device to the DICOM standard for use and storage in VPACS.

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Enables images to be imported into VPACS from old devices without network ports.

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Film from external patient referrals can be imported into VPACS to create a standard digital image which can then be manipulated using Image Web or Image Viewer.

Visbion VPACS is available either as a dedicated on-site server, known as Image Archive, or as a fully hosted internet based solution, known as Image World. Image World allows practices to take full advantage of image management solutions using a simple monthly subscription model, whereas Image Archive provides a fast dedicated on-site server for very busy practices.

Regardless of your preferred choice, the actual software, features and functionality are identical. Both systems use Image Web to review images in full diagnostic quality, and both can be expanded with tools such as Image Viewer and Image Importer.

Image Importer

Image World •

Fully hosted internet based version of the Visbion Image Archive.

•

Accessible via web browser from anywhere using Image Web.

•

Fully compatible with all solution add-ons such as Image Viewer and Image Importer.

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Dual secure data centres with automatic backup and fail-over.

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No need to invest in your own server eliminating the associated capital expenditure.

•

Simple, predictable pay-as-you-go model with straightforward upgrade path.

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Ruggedised data upload equipment for mobile image acquisition.

Image Archive •

Powerful, centralised server designed to hold all patient images eliminating the need for CD storage.

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Images can be sent directly from modern imaging devices (eg. DR, CR, Ultrasound Scintigraphy, MRI, CT).

•

Uses standard hardware for image storage which can easily be expanded as imaging volume increases.

•

Is scalable from small, single site practices up to large multi-site facilities.

•

Can be integrated with existing practice management systems.

•

Has the ability to import images from legacy systems or from referrals from other practices.

Image Viewer •

Diagnostic quality images can be viewed, manipulated and annotated from any diagnostic workstation.

•

Ability to view historical patient images alongside the latest exams.

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Image Web •

Access to diagnostic quality images and reports using Internet Explorer from any standard PC attached to the practice network.

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Comprehensive set of tools included to facilitate complex manipulation of diagnostic quality images.

•

Ability to remotely view images from home using a standard PC with Internet Explorer.

•

Runs on the latest Windows operating systems including Windows Vista.

Comprehensive tools for image manipulation ranging from window levelling, image orientation and magnification up to full curved multi-planar reformatting of 3D data sets.

•

Complete range of functionality is available to facilitate diagnostic viewing , including full 3D tools and orthopaedic templating.

•

Transcription and voice recognition available to help with flexible and efficient image reporting.

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

NAOMI SYSTEM

User Guide FDA 510(k) Number k062376

This document includes the important information to ensure the safe usage of the item. Before to start using, read through this User Guide and safety information carefully. The images are not shown to scale on this User Guide. The external appearance and specifications may vary and may be changed without prior notice.

Direct Digital Radiography CCD Imaging Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor User Guide Index 1. Introduction

Precautions for Safe Use Packaged Items Features Setup the NAOMI Sensor

2. Install

Install the NAOMI Driver (XP / 2000)· ······························································ Installation Install the NAOMI Driver (Vista)· ····································································· Installation Install the NAOMI Imaging Software······························································ Installation Copy the NAOMI Imaging Data······································································ Installation

3. Operation Check

Operation Check····················································································Operation Check Setup the NAOMI Sensor······································································Operation Check Set the Irradiation Area··········································································Operation Check Set the Calibration Scale·······································································Operation Check Set the X-Ray Exposure Technique·······················································Operation Check Start the NAOMI Software·····································································Operation Check Capture the X-Ray Image of the Calibration Scale································Operation Check Confirm if the Calibration is Necessary·················································Operation Check Ready to Use·························································································Operation Check

4. Software

01-06 07-10 11-14 15-20

01 02 03 04 04 05 05 06 07

NAOMI Software······························································································· Software 01 Capture / Manipulation Mode············································································ Software 02 Menu Bar Icons································································································· Software 03 Patient Information Mode·················································································· Software 04 Before to Start...································································································ Software 05-07 How to Capture X-Ray Images·········································································· Software 08-12 Zoom In / Out on the X-Ray Images·································································· Software 13 Move the Image································································································· Software 14 Adjust the Brightness / Contrast········································································ Software 15 How to Adjust the X-Ray Images······································································· Software 16-17 Adjust Gamma Setting······················································································· Software 18 How to Save the Adjusted Image······································································ Software 19 How to Save as a Different File Format····························································· Software 20 How to Open the Saved Image········································································· Software 21 How to Close the Selected Image····································································· Software 22 How to Print the Selected Image······································································· Software 23

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

How to Reverse Negative / Positive·································································· Software 24 How to Invert the Selected Image····································································· Software 25 How to Rotate the Selected Image···································································· Software 26 How to Change the Sharpness·········································································· Software 27 How to Change the Sensor Area Setting··························································· Software 28 How to Display One Image on Screen······························································ Software 29 How to Display Two Images on Screen····························································· Software 30 How to Display Four Images on Screen···························································· Software 31 How to Open / Close Annotation Window························································· Software 32 Annotation Menu······························································································· Software 33 (Navigation Window) ·································································· Software 34 • Pan Window • Draw a Straight Line / Arrow / Polyline························································ Software 35-36 • Draw a Shape······························································································ Software 37-38 • Draw a Curved Line / Shape······································································· Software 39-40 • Insert the Text or Note················································································· Software 41 • Measure the Length····················································································· Software 42 • Measure the Angle······················································································ Software 43 • Select the Annotation Object······································································· Software 44 How to Change the Setting················································································ Software 45-48 How to Close the NAOMI Software··································································· Software 49

5. Calibration

Calibration······································································································ Calibration 01 Pre-Check(Automated Sensitivity Control)··························································· Calibration 02-07 Positioning Calibration···················································································· Calibration 08-12 Luminance Calibration···················································································· Calibration 13-17

6. TroubleShooting Guide 7. Customer Support

Daily Maintenance Safety Check RF Technical Support Technical Support Request Form Specifications

8. Appendix Technical Indication Chart for NAOMI Irradiation Condition Chart for Calibration

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Precautions for Safe Use Do not put a finger into connectors or jacks.

It may cause injuries, an electrical shock, or damages to the product.

Prohibition

Handle the product with caution, and avoid the followings.

Prohibition

• Drop the product.

• High impact to the product.

• Force to projection on the product.

Avoid installation or storage of the product in the following places.

Prohibition

• Temperature less than 55 degree Fahrenheit (15 degree Celsius) or more than 95 degree Fahrenheit (35 degrees Celsius).

• Under direct sunlight.

• Places where water splashes.

• Environment with 30%RH or less in humidity, or 70%RH or more in humidity.

• Environment with a sudden and ex treme temperature change, or condensation.

• Near heat generating units (stove, heater, etc.).

• Dusty location.

• Places with strong vibration, or unstable ground.

Dismantling Prohibited Prohibition

Warning

Warning

• Do not dismantle or modify the product.

• Do not open the case. It is dangerous to touch the inside of the case, and may cause damages. If the product case is opened, the product warranty will be voided regardless of warranty term.

Turn off the power immediately and discontinue the use of the product if there is smoke, strange smell or sound.

Disconnect the power cable from the power outlet.

It may cause a fire and/or damages to the product if the product is continuously used.

Turn off the power immediately and discontinue the use of the product if liquid or any other material make contacts with the inside of the main product case. Disconnect the power cable from the power outlet immediately.

It may cause a fire and/or damages to the product if the product is continuously used.

Follow the instruction below to install and disinstallation.

Warning

• Follow the enclosed user manual.

• Turn off the power and unplug the power cable from the power outlet.

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Precautions for Safe Use

Warning

It may malfunction if the product is placed and operated near a machine, which generates a strong electromagnetic radiation. Move the product away from such equipment at least one meter (three feet).

Use the included or recommended accessories with the product.

Warning

If anything other than the included or recommended accessories are used, it may cause damages and/or malfunctioning.

Use the included AC Adapter only.

Warning

Warning

Warning

It may cause a electrical shock and/or damages to the product with any different AC Adapter.

• Connect the power cable to AC100-240V power source only.

• To unplug the power cable, pull out from the plug, not from its cord.

It may cause a fire and/or an electrical shock from disconnection and short on the power cable if it is pulled from its cord.

• Do not forcefully twist or bend the power cable.

• Do not put heavy weights onto the cable.

• Do not use any damaged power cable.

• Do not touch the power cable and AC Adapter with a wet hand.

It may cause electrical shock.

Use appropriate power source for the product, which is 100-240 V, 1.5A, 47-63Hz. Any inappropriate power source may cause a fire and/or damages to the product.

Use a soft cloth to wipe the product. Do not use the thinner, benzenes, or any harsh chemicals. They may damage the surface of the product.

Wipe with a damp cloth with diluted mild detergent and dry the product with a cloth.

Wipe with a damp cloth with diluted mild detergent and dry the product with a cloth.

Turn off the power of the product by unplugging the power cable from the outlet if it is not being used for a long time.

Unplug

Note

This product captures images of radiation penetration with the equipped CCD sensors. It digitally processes and displays images to the monitor. The purpose of this product is to assist diagnosis and utilize the captured images as an explanation tool to patients.

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Packaged Items Please make sure the following items are included in the package. If any items are missing, please contact us.

Sensor (x1)

AC Adapter (x1)

System Application /System Driver CD-ROM (x1)

Calibration Scale (x1)

Power Cable (x1)

Data CD-ROM (x1)

Scale Pins (x4)

USB Cable (5m) (x1)

Cable Clip (x4)

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Features Main Unit

DC-In Jack:

Connect the AC Adapter for power supply.

Status Lamps

USB Port:

Connect the USB Cable.

Power Lamp (Green - Orange) USB Lamp (Red) Stand-By Lamp (Green) Complete Lamp (Yellow)

Area Target for Irradiation

8" x 10" Size Area 11" x 14" Size Area 14" x 17" Size Area

X-Ray Capture Button

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Setup the NAOMI Sensor Place the sensor.

Plug in AC Adapter, Power Cable, and connect USB Cable.

CHECK THE STATUS LAMPS ON THE SENSOR. They indicate proper cable connections.

When you connect Power Cable properly, Power Lamp on the sensor illuminates in GREEN.

When you connect USB Cable properly, USB Lamp on the sensor illuminates in RED.

If the NAOMI driver and/or software are not installed in your computer, refer to the Installation Section (Install 01-10, for Driver Installation ; Install-11-20, for Software Installation).

Refer to the upright stand (or upright stand bracket) installation guide for the upright position setting.

Make sure to turn off the photo timer, electricity bucky equipment, or any other equipment close to the NAOMI unit. The strong magnetic field may cause the malfunctioning on the image capturing process.

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Install the NAOMI System Follow the next three steps to install the NAOMI Driver and Imaging Software prior to use NAOMI with your computer.

STEP

1

STEP

2

STEP

3

Install the NAOMI Driver

Install the NAOMI Imaging Software

Copy the NAOMI Imaging Data

Install - 01

STEP

1

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Install the NAOMI Driver Prior to use the NAOMI sensor, the NAOMI driver must be installed to your computer. Without installing the driver information to your computer, the NAOMI sensor will not work properly.

Confirm the NAOMI system is properly connected. Follow the instruction below to setup the sensor to your computer.

(Refer to Page Operation Check-02 for more details on the setup process.)

1. Place the NAOMI sensor where you usually set your film cassette.

2. Connect the AC adapter to the power outlet and to the NAOMI sensor.

3. Connect the USB cable to the NAOMI sensor and to your computer.

Install - 02

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Install Driver (XP / 2000) Windows 2000 or XP 1. After connecting the USB cable to the

NAOMI sensor and the computer's USB port, the message, “Found New Hardware USB Device”, appears on the right bottom corner of the computer monitor.

Click on the message to star t the installation process.

2. Af ter a few sec onds, “ Found New

Hardware Wizard” appears.

Insert NAOMI System Application/ NAOMI Driver CD-ROM to the CDROM drive of the computer.

Install - 03

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Install Driver (XP / 2000)

3. The wizard asks “Can windows connect

to windows update to search for software?”.

Select “No, not this time” and click

4. Select “Install from a list or specific location [Advanced]” and click

5. Select “Search for the best driver in

these locations.”

Check “Search removable media,” and click

Install - 04

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Install Driver (XP / 2000)

6. The wizard starts the installation process of the NAOMI driver automatically.

7. If Hardware Installation window is

displayed and shows â&#x20AC;&#x153;NAOMI Driver 2007/07/09 has not passed windows Logo testing...â&#x20AC;?,

click

The installation process continues.

8 . T h e N AO M I d r i ve r i n s t a l l at i o n i s completed.

Click

Install - 05

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Install Driver (XP / 2000)

9. After a few seconds, the message,

â&#x20AC;&#x153;Found New Hardware Your new hardware is installed and ready to use.â&#x20AC;? appears on the right bottom of the computer monitor. The NAOMI driver is installed successfully.

The driver installation process for Windows XP / 2000 is completed.

Proceed to install the NAOMI imaging software. (Install - 11)

Install - 06

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Install Driver (Vista) Windows Vista 1. After connecting the USB cable to the

NAOMI sensor and the computer’s USB port, the menu, “Found New Hardware,” shows up on the middle of the desktop menu.

Click “Locate and install driver software (recommended)” to start the installation process.

If the window “Found New Hardware” cannot be found on the desktop, minimize other windows.

Or, click “Found New Hardware” on the task bar.

2. Click “Browse my computer for driver software (advanced)”.

3. Insert NAOMI System Application/

NAOMI Driver CD-ROM to the CDROM drive of the computer.

Install - 07

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Install Driver (Vista)

4. In order to locate the driver software, click “Browse…”

5. “Browse For Folder” menu shows up.

Click “ ” next to “Computer ”, click “ ” next to “DVD/CD-RW Drive (D:)” and select “driver” folder. Then, click .

6. Make sure that the search location is set as “D:/driver”. Click

Install - 08

.

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Install Driver (Vista)

7. Wait for the computer to search the driver software.

8. When Windows Security menu shows

up, click â&#x20AC;&#x153;Install this driver software anywayâ&#x20AC;?.

9. The installation process continues.

Install - 09

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Install Driver (Vista)

10. The NAOMI dr iver installation is completed.

Click

.

11. After a few seconds, the message, â&#x20AC;&#x153; Devic e dr iver sof t ware installed successfullyâ&#x20AC;? appears on the right bottom of the computer screen. The NAOMI driver has been installed successfully.

The installation process for Windows Vista is completed.

Install - 10

STEP

2

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Install the NAOMI Imaging Software This process is to install the NAOMI software into a computer for the first time.

1. Insert System Application and System

Driver CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive on your computer.

2. Af ter a few seconds, the CD - ROM window will automatically appear.

If the above window does not appear automatically, double click the CDROM drive from My Computer.

Install - 11

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Install Software

3. Double click the naomi.international folder to open.

4. Double click Setup.exe to start the installation process.

When double-clicking on “Setup.exe” on a computer with Windows Vista, “User Account Control” wizard may show up, stating “An unidentified program wants access to your computer.” Click “Allow: I trust this program. I know where it’s from or I’ve used it before” to start the installation.

If your computer is Windows 2000, right and select click on Setup _Int.msi "install" to start the installation process.

5. The computer prepares for the installation process.

Install - 12

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Install Software

6. NAOMI Setup Wizard automatically o p e ns. T h e w iz ar d w ill gui de yo u through the steps to install NAOMI on your computer.

Click

7. Click

unless you need to change the folder to install NAOMI.

This manual shows you how to install NAOMI to C:/Program Files/RF/NAOMI (default setting).

Record the location that NAOMI is installed in this process. You may need to access the location later.

8. Click

to start the installation.

Install - 13

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Install Software

9. Wait until the NAOMI software installation is completed.

It may take few minutes to complete.

10. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Installation Completeâ&#x20AC;? appears, after

the NAOMI Software has been installed to your computer successfully.

Click

to exit.

The NAOMI icon will be displayed on the desktop.

Install - 14

STEP

3

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Copy the NAOMI Imaging Data

Follow this instruction to copy the imaging data when RF customer support instructs to do so or the NAOMI software is installed for the first time.

In this process, you are to copy the NAOMI imaging data to your computer.

The imaging data controls the proper image capturing on the NAOMI sensor.

Prior to use the NAOMI sensor, the NAOMI imaging data must be copied to your computer. The NAOMI sensor cannot capture digital images properly without the imaging data.

If you change the software location in the installation process, open the NAOMI folder and follow the process from #6.

It is not necessary to copy the imaging data when the NAOMI software is reinstalled, as the data remains stored in the map folder.

1. Click Start and go to My Computer.

2. Double click Local Disc (C:) on My Computer.

Install - 15

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Copy Data

The window may show "These files are hidden."

Click "Show the contents of this folder".

3. Double click Program Files to open.

The window may show "These files are hidden."

Click "Show the contents of this folder".

Install - 16

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Copy Data

4. Double click the RF folder to open.

5. Double click the NAOMI folder (or NAOMI_ II folder) to open.

6. Double click the map folder to open.

Install - 17

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Copy Data

If there are any files in this folder, delete all files.

The map folder must not contain any files before proceeding to the next step. This is where the new files are copied to in the next step.

7. I n s e r t D a t a C D - R O M i n t o y o u r

computer's CD-ROM drive. The window automatically appears in a few seconds.

If the above window does not appear automatically, double click the CD-ROM drive on My Computer.

Install - 18

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Copy Data

8. There are three files in the CD-ROM. Use the mouse to select all three files.

All three files must be selected.

9. Copy all three files.

(Or, you may copy the files by rightclicking on the mouse and select “Copy”.)

10. Paste three files on the map folder.

(Or, you may paste the files by rightclicking on the mouse and select “Paste”. Or click and drag the files into the map folder.)

Install - 19

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Copy Data

11. Copying process starts.

12. After the copying process finishes, make sure there are three files in the map folder.

Right click on each copied file and select properties.

Confirm the “Read-only“ checkbox is unchecked.

Close “map” window to finish.

If the NAOMI system or software does not work or an image does not appear after capturing, please go through this manual again. Make sure you have followed every step properly on installation process. If the problem remains unsolved, contact RF Technical Support.

Copying the NAOMI imaging data has been finished.

The installation has been completed.

Install - 20

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Operation Check Before to start using the NAOMI system, follow the instruction on this chapter to check the operation of the sensor.

Prior to the shipment, the system has been tested and both positioning and luminance calibrations has been performed for immediate use on its arrival. However, in rare cases, the calibration may be necessary to be processed. (The calibration is the process to correct misalignment and contrast unevenness on each CCD sensor in NAOMI. Refer to Calibration section for details) If there is a problem during the operation, refer to Troubleshooting Guide section or contact RF Technical Support.

This section includes...

STEP

1

Setup the NAOMI Sensor

STEP

2

Set the Irradiation Area

STEP

3

Set the Calibration Scale

STEP

4

Set the X-Ray Exposure Technique

STEP

5

Start the NAOMI Software

STEP

6

Capture the X-Ray Image of the Calibration Scale

STEP

7

Confirm if the Calibration is Necessary

Operation Check - 01

STEP

1

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Setup the NAOMI Sensor

Place the sensor.

Plug in AC Adapter, Power Cable, and connect USB Cable.

CHECK THE STATUS LAMPS ON THE SENSOR.

They indicate proper cable connections.

Confirm the status lamps are on.

Power Cable : Green USB Cable : Red

If the NAOMI software and/or driver are not installed in your computer, refer to the Installation section (Driver: Installation 01-10, Software: Installation 11-20)

Refer to the upright stand (or upright stand bracket) installation guide for the upright position setting.

Turn off the photo timer, electric bucky equipment, or any other equipment close to the NAOMI unit. The strong magnetic field may cause the malfunctioning.

Operation Check - 02

STEP

2

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Set the Irradiation Area

Set the irradiation area larger than the sensor area.

Irradiation Area

Raise the x-ray tube to approximately 100cm (39 inch) in order to set the irradiation area wide enough to cover the whole sensor.

INCORRECT

The irradiation area is not covering the whole sensor.

CORRECT

The ir radiat i on area is covering the whole sensor.

If your irradiation area cannot cover the whole sensor, refer to Sensor Area Question in Troubleshooting Guide to change the active sensor area.

Operation Check - 03

STEP

3

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Set the Calibration Scale

Set Calibration Scale on the NAOMI sensor securely with Scale Pins.

DO NOT HOLD CALIBRATION SCALE BY EDGES. Calibration Scale contains very sharp edges, and it may cause serious injuries. Handle Calibration Scale with special care. In the case of the injuries caused by Calibaration Scale, RF would not assume any responsibility.

Align to the Left Calibration Scale

Scale Pin

Place Calibration Scale on the sensor with the NAOMI and RF SYTEM lab's logos facing up. Secure Calibration Scale with Scale Pins.

NAOMI Sensor

STEP

4

Align Calibration Scale to the far left side of the NAOMI sensor, so that the NAOMI sensor detects Calibration Scale properly.

Set the X-Ray Exposure Technique

Set the x-ray machine to the following technique*:

Tube Distance

100cm / 39-inch

Tube Voltage

52kvp

Irradiation Strength 5mAs •Recommended Tube Current : 100mA •Recommended Exposure Time : 1/20 sec. (0.05sec. / 6 pulse)

The above equals to 5mAs.

*The technique value may vary depending on the x-ray machine or its tube distance.

Operation Check - 04

STEP

5

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Start the NAOMI Software 1. Double click the NAOMI icon

on the desktop.

2. The software starts automatically.

If the NAOMI imaging software has not been previously installed, refer to Software Installation section.

(Install 11 - 14)

3. Click on the main (black) window, the Menu icons appears on the tool bar.

STEP

6

Capture the X-Ray Image of the Calibration Scale 1. Click the camera icon to prepare the software and the sensor for the exposure.

2. Type in ID.

Click Single.

Refer to "How to Capture X-Ray Images".

(Software 08-11)

3. The message "Please irradiate X-ray" appears to indicate that it is ready for the irradiation.

The software starts the count down once the message appears on the screen. It will alert that the time is running out. It alerts 10 seconds remaining, 5 seconds remaining and when it is timed out.

Irradiate x-ray.

Shoot the x-ray within one minute.

The image of Calibration Scale will be downloaded and displayed on the screen.

Operation Check - 05

STEP

7

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Confirm if the Calibration is Necessary

After the image is displayed, confirm if the calibration is necessary, by comparing the image on the screen with three example images below. If the calibration process seems to be needed, refer to the Calibration section.

The dots are overlapping with each other in at least one area of the image.

If your image is...

Each dot is aligned with each other.

Each block of dots is even in contrast.

Enlarged View

The image contrast is not even.

If your image is...

Each dot is aligned with each other.

Each block of dots is even in contrast.

Enlarged View

The image does not have any overlapped dots or uneven contrast.

If your image is...

Each dot is aligned with each other.

Each block of dots is even in contrast.

Enlarged View

Operation Check - 06

Your sensor is ready to use.

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Ready to Use If the displayed image looks like in the previous page, your sensor is ready to use.

Remove the calibration scale prior to start using the sensor.

REMOVE CALIBRATION SCALE.

DO NOT HOLD CALIBRATION SCALE BY EDGES. Calibration Scale contains very sharp edges, and it may cause serious injuries. Handle Calibration Scale with special care. In the case of the injuries caused by Calibaration Scale, RF would not assume any responsibility.

Keep the calibration scale and the scale pins available.

They are necessary for the calibration process.

Now, it is ready to use.

Operation Check - 07

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

NAOMI Software Start the NAOMI software.

D ouble c lic k the N AO MI ic on on the desktop to start the NAOMI software.

If there is no NAOMI icon on the desktop, install the N AOMI sof t ware. Refer to Software Installation section.

(Installation 11 - 14).

NAOMI software contains two different management modes.

A Capture / Manipulation Mode (Refer to Software - 02 - 03) B Patient Information Mode (Refer to Software - 04) NAOMI Requirement for Computer Operation System Windows2000 / XP / Vista CPU Intel Celeron 1GHz

Memory 1GB (2GB or more recommended) Hard Disk Drive 80GB Memory

Monitor XGA Size (1024 x 768) (recommended) Peripheral USB 2.0 Port x 1, CD-ROM Drive x 1

Software - 01

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Capture / Manipulation Mode

Click the image screen area to change to Capture / Manipulation Mode.

Menu Bar

Patient Data

Patient Data Menu

Orange Frame

Refer to Menu Bar Icons.

(Page : Software-03)

shows the patient 's information of the selected image.

Histogram Window

indicates the image is selected.

shows the data of the selected image.

The bar under the graph shows width and level of the adjustment setting.

Image Screen

Image Data Technique

Software Version Ruler in Centimeter.

Each scale is 1cm.

Image Data Information Fit, Mag: 100X-------------- Magnification Scale W: 1083 L : 3315----------- Image Data (Width = Contrast) (Level = Brightness)

DFOV: 48.4 x 57.9--------- Display Field of View

F11

By pressing key on the keyboard, display or hide the green imprints (Patient's Data, Irradiation Technique, and Image Data Information) on the image screen area.

Software - 02

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Menu Bar Icons (in Capture / Manipulation Mode)

Capture Icon

: Prepare the sensor and the computer for the x-ray irradiation and for a digital x-ray image capture.

Open Icon

: Open the saved image.

Save As Icon

: Save the selected image as a different file format.

Update Icon

: Update (Save) the change of the adjustment in brightness, contrast, and gamma correction.

Close Icon

: Close the selected image from the computer monitor.

Print Icon

: Print out the selected image.

Negative/Positive Change Over Icon : Reverse negative and positive.

Reflection Icon (Horizontal)

: Invert the selected image horizontally.

Reflection Icon (Vertical)

: Invert the selected image vertically.

Rotation Icon (Clockwise)

: Rotate the selected image clockwise in every 90 degrees.

Rotation Icon (Counterclockwise)

: Rotate the selected image counterclockwise in every 90 degrees.

Sharpness Icon

: Sharpen the selected image.

14 x 17 Icon

: Set the sensor active area to 14" x 17". (Not available for 11" x 14" sized sensor)

11 x 14 Icon

: Set the sensor active area to 11" x 14".

8 x 10 Icon

: Set the sensor active area to 8" x 10".

Single Window Icon

: Display one image.

Double Window Icon (Vertical)

: Display two images vertically.

Double Window Icon (Horizontal)

: Display two images horizontally.

Quarter Window Icon

: Display up to four images on one window.

3x3 Window Icon

: Display up to nine images on one window.

4x4 Window Icon

: Display up to sixteen images on one window.

Annotation Icon

: Open the annotation menu.

Setup Icon

: Open the setup menu to change the NAOMI system's configuration.

Exit Icon

: Close the NAOMI software.

Software - 03

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Patient Information Mode

Click the Patient Data Menu area to change to Patient Information Mode.

Menu Bar in Patient Information

Mode

Patient Data Menu

F11

By pressing key on the keyboard, display or hide the green imprints (Patient's Data, Irradiation Technique and Image Data Information) on the image screen area.

Software - 04

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Before to Start This section explains the preparation in order to use the software more effectively. Please refer to the following instruction to set up your software before using the NAOMI system.

A

Confirm the file storage location.

B

Customize the file storage location.

C

Enter the institution (clinic) name.

D

Setup the DICOM printer.

This is to check where the captured images are automatically saved into so that the x-ray images can be managed easily.

(Refer to Software-06 for details)

This is to change where the captured images are automatically saved. If you already have a filing structure in the computer system you would like to use, you may select a folder in your computer to maintain the image files effectively.

(Refer to Software-07 for details)

The institution (clinic) name, department and address can be entered into the software so that the institution information can be imprinted on the image.

(Refer to Software-48 for details)

You may establish the in-office network with a DICOM printer to print out the captured image from the NAOMI software. The IP address must be obtained to set up the connection with a DICOM printer.

(Refer to Software-48 for details)

Software - 05

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Before to Start...

The image is automatically saved in the folder, which is selected in Setup Menu. It is necessary to set the location for the captured images to be automatically stored prior to use.

To check the folder's location 1. Click the Setup icon.

2. Setup Menu is displayed.

Select the General tab.

Check under "File". The folder's location is displayed next to the "Folder" button.

The folder's name: where the image is automatically stored.

File format type.

The recommended file type is DICOM, because all patient information is stored with the image, and there is more pixel capacity on the image compared to other file types.

The default location for images to be stored automatically, is set as "C:/Program Files/RF/NAOMI/ data."* (To access this folder, go to My Computer, Local Disk C Drive, Program Files, RF folder, and then NAOMI folder. ) *This is only applicable to the NAOMI software, when it was installed to the default location during the installation process. If the NAOMI software was installed in a different location, the above does not apply.

Software - 06

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Before to Start...

To change the folder's location

1. Click the "Folder" button.

2. The open window appears.

Select the folder, where you wish to save images.

I would like to save images into "My X-rays" folder, which I have created in My Documents.

Step 1 Select My Documents Step 2 Select My X-rays folder.

Step 3 Click Open.

3. The selected folder's name will be displayed.

Click Apply and OK.

Software - 07

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Capture X-Ray Images Capture Mode

1. Click the Camera icon on the menu bar.

2. Select / Register ID menu shows up.

Type in ID, or select from the list by clicking the arrow next to ID.

The folder will be named the same as ID, and created in the location you have selected in Setup Menu. ID can be anything such as a carte number, a patient's name or a social security number.

The Capture button (Single and Series buttons) does not become available without the ID number.

[Patient Name and Gender] Type in a patient name and/or select a gender if necessary.

The information will be imprinted on the image.

Software - 08

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Capture X-Ray Images

[Age, Birth Date, and Sensor Area] Age & Birth Date

Uncheck when the birth date is not necessary.

Sensor Area

Select the collimated sensor area size.

[Position and Anatomy] Select the anatomy and position from the list if necessary. When selected, the information will be imprinted on the image.

When selected, the anatomy will be added to the file name.

The file name of the image you captured at 11:00 on November 19, 2007 will be following: without the anatomy information 20071119110000.dcm with the anatomy information 20071119110000-CSPINE.dcm (by selecting “CSPINE”)

The list of the Position and Anatomy information can be customized. Click directly on “Position” or “Anatomy”, the list will open as a text data. Add and/or delete the item(s) as necessary.

Software - 09

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Capture X-Ray Images

[Tech. Chart] Remove the checkmark on “Exposure in mAs”, to input the “mA” and “second” values.

“Tech. chart” button is displayed when the “Tech. chart” is selected “Yes” in Setup Menu.

(Refer to Software-47 to display or to hide the “Tech. chart” button.)

Select the exposure settings from the chart.

And click “OK” to close the chart window.

3. Click “ Single” or “ Ser ies” to st ar t capturing an image.

Software - 10

“Single”: Capture one image.

“Series”: Capture the series of x-ray images for the displayed patient. Each time the capturing finishes, this menu window will be displayed with the same patient information.

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Capture X-Ray Images

4. The message, "Please irradiate x-ray" appears.

The software starts the count down once the message appears on the screen. It will alert that the time is running out. It alerts 10 seconds remaining, 5 seconds remaining and when it is timed out.

Irradiate x-ray.

Shoot x-ray within one minute after the message is displayed.

5. Once you shoot the x-ray, the image will be automatically downloaded.

6. The x-ray image will be displayed.

Software - 11

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Capture X-Ray Images with X-Ray Capture Botton

X-Ray Capture Button

1. Press X-Ray Capture Button on the NAOMI sensor.

2. The message, "Please irradiate X-Ray" appears.

The software starts the count down once the message appears on the screen. It will alert that the time is running out. It alerts 10 seconds remaining, 5 seconds remaining and when it is timed out.

Irradiate x-ray.

Shoot x-ray within one minute after the message is displayed.

3. The x-ray image will be automatically downloaded and displayed on the screen.

Software - 12

ID, the patient information, and the Tech. chart information will not be included if the x-ray image is captured by X-Ray Capture Button.

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Zoom In / Out on the X-Ray Images Zoom In Select the image.

Press the scroll button and drag DOWN to zoom in.

Press Down

Scroll Wheel

Zoom In You can zoom in by pressing key ( key + key for laptop) on the keyboard.

You can go back to x100 view by doubleclicking the right button.

Zoom Out Select the image.

Press the scroll button and drag UP to zoom out.

Press Down

Scroll Wheel

Zoom Out You can zoom out by pressing key ( key + key for laptop) on the keyboard.

You can go back to x100 view by doubleclicking the right button.

Once the cursor changes to Pointer until is released. While the cursor becomes you can the image.

CURSOR

Magnifying Glass Pointer Press Down

CURSOR Release

Software - 13

X-ray Digital Image Sensor 4 Move the Image Move the Image

Select the image.

Click LEFT and drag the mouse to move the image.

Up

Click and Drag

Left

Right

Down

Once the left button is clicked, the cursor changes to 4 Directional Pointer until the left button is released. While the cursor becomes 4 Directional Pointer, you can move the image.

CURSOR

4 Directional Pointer Click

Software - 14

CURSOR Release

X-ray Digital Image Sensor 5 Adjust the Brightness / Contrast Brightness / Contrast

Select the image.

Click RIGHT and drag the mouse to adjust brightness and contrast.

Brightness

Brightness Up

Brightness Up

Brightness Down *The number and the histogram of level changes as you change the brightness.

Click and Drag

Contrast Up

Contrast Down

Contrast Up

Brightness Down

Contrast Down

Contrast

*The number and the histogram of width changes as you change the contrast.

Once the right button is clicked, the cursor changes to Image Adjustment Pointer until the right button is released.

CURSOR

Image Adjustment Pointer Click

CURSOR Release

Software - 15

X-ray Digital Image Sensor 6 How to Adjust the X-Ray Images One-Click Image Adjustment Original

(Original Adjustment )

Click "Original" to go back to the adjustment setting, which has been previously saved on the image file.

(Refer to Software-19)

Auto

(Automatic Adjustment )

Click "Auto" under Histogram.

It automatically optimizes the brightness, contrast, and gamma-correction of the selected image.

Reset

(Resetting Adjustment )

Once clicking on "Reset", the adjustment setting will return to the raw data image.

(Originally captured image)

Software - 16

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Adjust the X-Ray Images

Preset Function Opt 1

(Customized Adjustment )

1. Click "Opt 1" (Option 1), "Opt 2" (Option 2), or "Opt 3" (Option 3) button.

2. Change the brightness and contrast by right-clicking the mouse and/or the gamma-correction by scrolling the scroll wheel.

3. Click "Save Opt (option)" button to save the adjustment you have made to the displayed image.

Once you save the adjustment setting to the option button, you can recall the same adjustment condition by clicking the same option button for any displayed images.

OPTION 1

OPTION 2

You can save the adjustment condition focusing more for abdomen on Option 1, chest on Option 2, and spine on Option 3.

Software - 17

X-ray Digital Image Sensor 7 Adjust Gamma Setting Gamma-Correction

Select the image.

Scroll the wheel UP or DOWN to adjust the gammasetting of the image

Darker

Scroll

up

Scroll

down

Brighter *The curve of the histogram changes to indicate gammacorrection adjustment.

Software - 18

Darker Brighter

X-ray Digital Image Sensor 8 How to Save the Adjusted Image Once you find out the appropriate image adjustment for your clinical application, save it for the future review.

DICOM image can save its adjustment setting.

Update Icon You can update the original data by clicking "Update Icon" on the menu-bar as well.

It saves the changes in the contrast, brightness, and gamma-correction.

Use caution to update your data.

If the image data is saved in other than DICOM file format, the original image data will be erased and overwritten with the adjusted image data by the Update icon. If the image data is saved as DICOM file format, the original data is stored with the adjusted data, so it will not be overwritten.

Software - 19

9

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Save as a Different File Format Save As Icon 1. Select the image you wish to save as a different file format.

The selected image is highlighted in orange.

2. "Save a File" window appears.

Type in the file name.

Select the file type, BPP (bit per pixel), Sub Type (compression type) and QFacter (recommended as 2) as you need.

You can save as: DICOM, BMP(bitmap), JPEG, PNG, GIF

3. Click

to save the selected images with the selected file format.

Software - 20

10

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Open the Saved Image Open Icon 1. Click the Open icon.

You may check the automatically saved file location on the Setup Menu.

(Refer to page Software - 06)

2. "Open" window appears.

Select the file you wish to open.

You can select one or more images.

The following files can be opened with NAOMI software: DICOM, BMP(bitmap), JPEG, PNG, GIF

3. Click

to open the saved images.

Software - 21

11

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Close the Selected Image Close Icon 1. Select the image you wish to close.

Click the Close icon.

The selected image is highlighted in orange.

2. The selected image is now closed.

Software - 22

To reopen the file, refer to "How to Open the Saved Image" (Page: Software - 21).

12

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Print the Selected Image Print Icon 1. Select the image you wish to print.

Click the Print icon.

The selected image is highlighted in orange.

2. The Print window appears. Select the information type to be printed.

All: It prints all of the client information. w/o Client Info:

It prints the information other than the client's information.

(The client information includes client's ID, client's name and gender.)

None: It does not print any information. It only prints the image you have selected.

Click

.

3. The Print window appears. Select the printer you wish to use. Click

.

Software - 23

13

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Reverse Negative / Positive Negative / Positive Change Over Icon 1. Select the image you wish to reverse

negative / positive.

Click the Negative / Positive Change Over icon.

The selected image is highlighted in orange.

2. Each time you click the Negative / Positive Change Over icon, it switches between Negative and Positive on the image.

Negative

Positive

Software - 24

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

14

How to Invert the Selected Image

Reflection Icon (Horizontal) 1. Select the image you wish to change its

direction.

Click the Reflection icon (Horizontal).

The selected image is highlighted in orange.

2. Each time you click the Reflection icon (Horizontal), it switches its direction horizontally.

To change vertically, press the Reflection icon (vertical)

Software - 25

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

15

How to Rotate the Selected Image

Rotation Icon (Clockwise) 1. Select the image you wish to rotate in

clockwise direction.

Click the Rotation icon (Clockwise).

The selected image is highlighted in orange.

2. Each time you click the Rotation icon (Clockwise), it rotates the image clockwise in every 90 degrees.

Clockwise Every 90 degrees

The image can be rotated counterclockwise by pressing Rotation Icon (counterclockwise)

Software - 26

16

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Change the Sharpness Sharpness Icon 1. Select the image you wish to change its

sharpness.

Click the Sharpness icon.

The selected image is highlighted in orange.

2. Each time you click the Sharpness icon,

it changes the sharpness of the selected image.

The sharpness level is adjustable in Setup Menu.

Refer to "How to Change the Setting" (Page: Software - 46).

You can activate the sharpness function for every image you capture by changing the settings.

Refer to 3 Effect on Page Software 46 for details.

Software - 27

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

17

How to Change the Sensor Area Setting Sensor Area Icon 1. This is to change the active area on the sensor. It is advised to change the sensor area setting in accordance to the x-ray machine collimation.

To Change the Sensor Area Setting Before capturing the x-ray images, click the sensor area you would like to set.

Sensor Area 14" x 17" / 35cm x 43cm 11" x 14" / 28cm x 35cm 8" x 10" / 20cm x 25cm

If your sensor is 11"x14" size, you can only select 11"x14" or 8"x10" sensor areas.

Software - 28

18

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Display One Image on Screen Single Window Icon 1. Click the Single Window icon.

If you wish to display multiple images at the same time on the screen, refer to

2 images : Double Window

4 images : Quarter Window

9 images : 3 x 3 Window

16 images : 4 x 4 Window Press the Single Window icon to return to the single window from the multiple image display.

Software - 29

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

19

How to Display Two Images on Screen Double Window Icon (Vertical) 1. Click the Double Window icon (Vertical).

2. Two Image Window (Vertical) appears.

The selected image is highlighted in orange.

You may capture or open new images.

A new image appears in the top left window, and other images are moved by one block.

Double click an image to display in single window.

To display two images horizontally, press the Double Window icon (horizontal).

Software - 30

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

20

How to Display Four Images on Screen Quarter Window Icon 1. Click the Quarter Window icon.

2. Four Image Window appears.

You may display up to 4 images.

The selected image is highlighted in orange.

You may capture or open new images.

A new image appears in the top left window, and other images are moved by one block.

Double click an image to display in single window.

[3x3] To display 3x3 or 4x4, press 3x3 Window icon

or 4x4 Window icon.

[4x4]

Software - 31

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

21

How to Open / Close Annotation Window Annotation Icon

To Open Click

icon.

The annotation window has functions to insert text, shapes, and lines or to measure the specific areas on the x-ray images.

The annotation window opens. icon to open the image file you wish to Click put the annotation.

To Close Click

icon.

The annotation window closes.

The window goes back to the main screen.

Software - 32

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Annotation Menu Annotation Menu Window

Annotation bar

Annotation Menu Window

A

B

C

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Pan Window

10

11

12

Main Window

Annotation Menu Icon

A:

Open Icon: To open the image file.

13

14

15

16

(Software-32)

B:

Save Icon: To save changes.

C:

Close Icon: To close the annotation menu.

(Software-32)

Annotation Bar Icon 1

Selection Pointer

2

Line Annotation

3

Rectangle Annotation

4

Ellipse Annotation

5

Polyline Annotation

6

Polygon Annotation

7

Curve Annotation

8

Closed Curve Annotation

9

Pointer Annotation

10

Plain Annotation

11

Rich Text Annotation

12

Text Pointer Annotation

13

Ruler Annotation

14

Polyruler Annotation

15

Protractor Annotation

16

Cross Product Annotation

Software - 33

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Pan Window (Navigation Window) The pan window is the navigation window, which shows where the main window is focusing on the displayed image. It helps to avoid the orientation especially when the displayed image is highly magnified.

Zoom In / Out Press

The blue frame becomes smaller when the image is zoomed in.

The blue frame becomes larger when the image is zoomed out.

for zoom in or

for zoom out.

Click on the main window (displayed image) to zoom in/out.

Navigate Click and drag the blue frame on the pan window to navigate through the displayed image.

As the blue frame is moved in the pan window, the image on the main window changes the displaying area correspondingly.

This Section Explains How to...

Draw a Straight Line / Arrow / Polyline

Draw a Shape

Draw a Curved Line / Shape

Insert the Text or Note

Measure the Length

Measure the Angle

Select the Annotation Object

Software - 34

A

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Draw a Straight Line / Arrow / Polyline Straight Line Click icon.

The cursor changes to

Click left button on the mouse and drag to draw a straight line.

Hold SHIFT key to draw a straight line in 45 degrees angle.

Release the left mouse button to complete the line.

Arrow Click icon.

The cursor changes to

Click and drag to draw an arrow.

The starting point becomes the pointed end of the drawn arrow.

Release the left mouse button to complete the arrow.

Hold SHIFT key to draw an arrow in 45 degrees.

Software - 35

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Draw a line Polyline The polyline is an array of points with a sequence of joined lines. icon.

Click The cursor changes to

Click and drag to draw the first line.

Click again to create another line.

Repeat until the desired number of points and lines are achieved.

Double click to complete.

Software - 36

B

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Draw a Shape Rectangle Click icon The cursor changes to

Click and drag to draw a rectangle.

Hold SHIFT key to draw a square.

Release the left mouse button to complete.

Ellipse Click icon.

The cursor changes to

Click and drag to draw an ellipse.

Hold SHIFT key to draw a circle.

Release the left mouse button to complete.

Software - 37

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Draw a Shape Polygon The polygon is an array of points with the vertices of a polygon. icon.

Click The cursor changes to

Click and drag to draw the first line.

Click again to create another line.

Repeat until the desired number of points and lines are achieved.

Double click to close the shape you have drawn.

Software - 38

C

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Draw a Curved Line / Shape Curved Line Click icon.

The cursor changed to

Click and drag to draw the first line.

Click again to create first curving point and drag to change the degree of curve.

Repeat until the desired number of points and lines are achieved.

Double click to complete.

Software - 39

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Draw a Curved Line / Shape Curved Shape Click icon.

The cursor changed to

Click and drag to draw the first line.

Click again to create first curving point and drag to change the degree of curve.

Repeat until the desired number of points and lines are achieved.

Double click to close the shape you have drawn.

Software - 40

D

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Insert the Text or Note Plain / Rich Text Click

for Plain Text or

for Rich Text.

The cursor changes to

Click and drag to create the text box.

The text box appears on the screen. Type the note in the text box.

Text Pointer Click icon.

The cursor changes to Click and drag to create the text box. Once the text box is drawn, drag the cursor to create the pointer to desired location.

The text box with an arrow appears on the screen.

Type the note in the text box.

Software - 41

E

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Measure the Length Ruler Click

to measure.

The cursor changes to

Click and drag to draw the desired ruler.

The length appears on the screen.

The length unit can be changed on the ruler property.

To open the property, right click the image screen and select Ruler Property.

Select Ruler to open the ruler property.

Software - 42

F

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Measure the Angle Protracter Click

icon.

The cursor changes to

Click and drag to draw an first line.

This line becomes an anchor.

Click again and move the cursor to create the desired degree of angle.

Click again to complete.

Software - 43

G

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Select the Annotation Object To Select Click

icon.

Place the cursor over the object.

The cursor changes to Click on the object to select.

To Move Place the cursor over the selected object. The cursor changes to Click and drag to move the object location.

To Resize The selected object shows a white small dot on each corner or each end of the line.

Place the cursor over the white dot.

The cursor changes to Click and drag to resize the object.

To Rotate The selected object shows two green circles. One green circle is to show the center of the object. The other green circle is to show the anchor point of the rotation.

Place the cursor over the green circle. (Anchor point) The cursor changes to Click and drag to rotate the object.

Software - 44

22

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to change the Setting Setup Icon Click the Setup icon.

1

1 Folder's name

2

Folder You can change the location of folder to save images.

Click "Folder" to select the saving location.

The image will be automatically saved in the selected folder.

Refer to "Before to Start..." on page Software - 04.

2

File Type DICOM DICOM Bitmap JPEG GIF PNG

General Tab DICOM Format (standard) DICOM Format (compress) BMP Format JPEG Format GIF Format PNG Format (for Mac. user)

This is to set the default file format, which the captured images are automatically stored as.

By selecting multiple file format types, the software will save the images as selected file formats.

Software - 45

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Change the Setting

3

Effect (Sharpness) This is for Sharpness Function. You can activate / deactivate by clicking icon on the main menu.

3

At capturing

• Click "Yes" to automatically activate the shar pnes s f unc tion for ever y captured image.

• Click "No" to deactivate the sharpness function at the time of capturing.

Smooth - Sharp

• The level of the sharpness. Select the sharpness effect level (1 to 10), and click OK. “1” is the minimum, “10” is the maximum level of the sharpness function.

4

Irradiation Area

Software - 46

4

Display The orientation of the displayed image.

You may change the orientation of the captured image to be displayed on the NAOMI software.

Clockwise

To display the captured image by rotating 0, 90, 180, 270 degrees.

Direction

To display the captured image from different directions as following.

PA

AP

X-ray Digital Image Sensor 23

How to Change the Setting

5

Other

Click "Yes" to activate the condition chart menu when capturing x-ray images. The software will show the Tech. Chart button in the Select/Register ID menu.

Click "No" to deactivate the condition chart menu when capturing x-ray images.

The software will not show the Tech.

Chart button in the Select/Register ID menu.

5

Calibration Tab The calibration is only for maintenance.

Refer to the Calibration section in User's Guide.

System Configuration Tab

1

1

Sensor Area

This is to change the active area on the sensor.

Refer to t he Sens o r A rea se c t i o n in Troubleshooting Guide for details.

You may change the sensor area by clicking the sensor area icons.

(Refer to Software - 28)

Software - 47

X-ray Digital Image Sensor How to Change the Setting

2

Sensor sensitivity

This is only for maintenance.

2

Printer Setting Tab

1

2

1

Printer Type Normal Printer--Select "normal".

DICOM Printer--Select "DICOM SCP".

2

DICOM SCP Setting Only available when "DICOM SCP" is selected. Enter your DICOM printer's information.

3

NAOMI Setting Only available when "DICOM SCP" is selected.

3

General Equipment Tab

1

-

1

Institution Information Enter your of fice information. This information will be saved with the images as the institution information, when the images are captured.

2

Manufacturer information It shows the manufacturer's information.

2

Software - 48

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

24

How to Close the NAOMI Software Exit Icon 1. Before you close the NAOMI Software, save the necessary files.

Refer to "How to Save the Adjusted Image" (Page: Software - 19).

2. Click

icon.

Software - 49

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Calibration The calibration is the process to correct misalignment and contrast unevenness on each CCD sensor in NAOMI before the first use.

There are three calibration processes: Pre-Check, Positioning Calibration and Luminance Calibration.

To set the most suitable sensor sensitivity automatically.

To align each CCD sensor in NAOMI by using the calibration scale.

To adjust each CCD sensor's contrast (brightness level) to create even contrast level on the NAOMI sensor.

Both Positioning and Luminance Calibration have been performed prior to the shipment for immediate use. However, in rare cases, there is a possibility of needs to process the calibration.

Follow the calibration when....

You have reinstalled the software to your computer.

The NAOMI sensor got strong shock.

and

There are misalignment in images.

There are uneven contrast in images.

If Positioning Calibration is required, Luminance Calibration must be performed after Positioning Calibration is completed.

Please refer to "Confirm the Necessary Calibration Process" to check which calibration process your NAOMI sensor needs.

In this chapter, it explains the following processes.

1: Pre-Check (Automated Sensitivity Control) 2: Positioning Calibration 3: Luminance Calibration

Calibration - 01

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Pre-Check (Automated Sensitivity Control) The process of Pre-Check is to measure the radiation dose from your x-ray machine and change the sensor sensitivity automatically so that the NAOMI sensor can be operated in the same environment at the time of the shipment from our facility. Once this process has been completed, the technique on the included irradiation technique chart can apply to your clinic.

1. Click the Setup icon.

2. Click the System Configuration tab.

If the sensitivity is not set at default, please change the sensitivity to default. This PreCheck and calibration process may not go through properly if the sensor sensitivity is not at default.

Confirm the sensor sensitivity is set at the following.

(Default)

Calibration - 02

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Pre-Check (Automated Sensitivity Control) How to change the sensitivity

1. Click the Calibration tab.

2. Verify that the Automated Sensitivity Control is UNCHECKED.

3. Click the System Configuration tab.

4. Change the sensor sensitivity setting to default by clicking the default button.

(Default)

Click Apply.

Calibration - 03

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Pre-Check (Automated Sensitivity Control)

3. Click the Calibration tab.

4. Click the check box on Pre-Check and Automated Sensor Sensitivity.

Click Start.

5. Click Continue.

Calibration - 04

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Pre-Check (Automated Sensitivity Control) 6. Collimate your x-ray machine to cover the entire

sensor area.

Set your x-ray machine to the following exposure technique.

52kVp, 5mAs

(Tube Distance: approx. 100cm)

Recommended Tube Current : 100 mA Recommended Exposure Time : 1/20 sec (0.05sec / 6 pulse) The above equals to 5mAs.

7. Verify that the calibration scale is removed from the sensor.

Click Continue.

8. The message, "Please irradiate X-ray" appears to

indicate the software and the sensor is ready for irradiation.

Irradiate x-ray.

Irradiate x-ray within one minute.

The software starts the count down once the message appears on the screen. It will alert that the time is running out. It alerts 10 seconds remaining, 5 seconds remaining and when it is timed out.

Calibration - 05

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Pre-Check (Automated Sensitivity Control) 9. Pre-Check starts.

If an error message appears, refer to the Calibration section in Troubleshooting Guide.

Calibration - 06

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Pre-Check (Automated Sensitivity Control)

10. Once the software sets the sensitivity

of the sensor automatically, it indicates so with the message, "The irradiation setting is most appropriate".

Click OK to proceed to the calibration process.

Proceed to the positioning calibration.

If Pre-Check does not go through, contact RF Technical Support.

Calibration - 07

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Positioning Calibration

This calibration is to correct the position of each CCD in the NAOMI sensor. on page : Operation Check-06.

This process must be performed if your image seems similar to Calibration Scale is required to perform Positioning Calibration.

Set Calibration Scale on the NAOMI sensor securely with Scale Pins.

DO NOT HOLD CALIBRATION SCALE BY EDGES. Calibration Scale contains very sharp edges, and it may cause serious injuries. Handle Calibration Scale with special care. In the case of the injuries caused by Calibaration Scale, RF would not assume any responsibility.

Align to the Left Calibration Scale

Scale Pin

Place Calibration Scale on the sensor with the NAOMI and RF SYTEM lab's logos facing up. Secure Calibration Scale with Scale Pins.

NAOMI Sensor

Calibration - 08

Align Calibration Scale to the far left side of the NAOMI sensor, so that the NAOMI sensor detects Calibration Scale properly.

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Positioning Calibration

1. Click the Setup icon Window.

to open Setup

2. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Setup Menuâ&#x20AC;? window appears.

3. Click the Calibration tab.

Now, proceed to Preparation Check

Calibration - 09

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Preparation Check

1. Select Position.

Click

Confirm there are no check marks on “Anime” and “Advanced”.

They are for the shipment inspections only.

2 . The message, " St ar t c alibration Preparation check" appears.

Click

Before proceeding further, confirm that Calibration Scale is set on the NAOMI sensor and secured with Scale Pins. *Refer to page: Operation Check - 04, to set Calibration Scale.

3. The message, "Please irradiate X-ray"

If the software starts reading data without irradiation, or it does not read data at all after irradiation, refer to Question1 of the Capturing X-Ray Image section in Troubleshooting Guide.

Calibration - 10

appears to indicate the software and the sensor is ready for irradiation.

Irradiate x-ray.

The software starts the count down once the message appears on the screen. It will alert that the time is running out. It alerts 10 seconds remaining, 5 seconds remaining and when it is timed out.

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

4. Once x-ray is irradiated, Preparation

Ch e c k fo r Po sit i o nin g C alib r at i o n automatically starts.

The processing time is displayed at the bottom of the window.

If an error message appears, refer to the Calibration section in Troubleshooting Guide.

5 . Af ter the Preparation Check for

Now Proceed to

Positioning Calibration is completed, the message "Start calibration - Positioning " appears.

Click

Preparation Check is completed.

Positioning Calibration.

Calibration - 11

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Positioning Calibration

1. Positioning Calibration star ts automatically.

The processing time is displayed at the bottom of the window.

2 . Af ter Positioning Calibration is

completed, the message, "Completed" appears.

Click

If the N AO MI sof t ware f reezes or crashes (closes by itself) before this message appears on the screen, check if the map data is set on "Read - Only ".

(Refer to Install - 20 for details)

3. Remove Calibration Scale from the NAOMI sensor.

DO NOT HOLD CALIBRATION SCALE

BY EDGES. Calibration Scale contains

ver y shar p edges, and it may c ause serious injuries. Handle Calibration Scale with special care. In the case of the injuries caused by Calibaration Scale, RF would not assume any responsibility.

Now, proceed to Luminance Calibration.

Calibration - 12

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Luminance Calibration

Luminance Calibration is necessary to adjust the brightness level on each CCD in the NAOMI sensor.

This will unify brightness level and create the image evenly adjusted. This process must be performed on page : Operation if you have completed Positioning Calibration or your image is similar to Check-06.

REMOVE CALIBRATION SCALE.

Calibration Scale is used only for Positioning Calibration.

Calibration Scale must be removed before the Luminance Calibration process.

DO NOT HOLD CALIBRATION SCALE BY EDGES. Calibration Scale contains very sharp edges, and it may cause serious injuries. Handle Calibration Scale with special care. In the case of the injuries caused by Calibaration Scale, RF would not assume any responsibility.

Now, it is ready for the Luminance Calibration.

Calibration - 13

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

1. Click the Setup icon Window.

to open Setup

2. “Setup Menu” window appears.

3. Click the Calibration tab.

Calibration - 14

14

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

4. Select Luminance.

Click

Confirm there are no check marks on “Anime” and “Advanced”.

They are for the purpose of shipment inspections only.

5. The message, "Star t Calibration Brightness" appears.

Before proc eeding fur ther, please confirm that the Calibration Scale has been removed from the NAOMI sensor.

Click

Calibration - 15

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

6. The message, "Please irradiate X-ray" appears to indicate that the software and NAOMI sensor is ready for exposure.

If the software starts reading data without irradiation, or it does not read data at all after irradiation, refer to Question1 of the Capturing X-Ray Image section in Troubleshooting Guide.

Irradiate x-ray.

The software starts the count down once the message appears on the screen. It will alert that the time is running out. It alerts 10 seconds remaining, 5 seconds remaining and when it is timed out.

7. The sof t ware automatic ally st ar ts calibrating each CCD sensor to adjust the brightness level.

If there is any error message on the screen, refer to the Calibration Section in Troubleshooting Guide.

Calibration - 16

16

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

8. Once the Luminance Calibration is

successfully completed, the message, "Completed" appears.

Click

If the N AO MI sof t ware f reezes or crashes (closes by itself) before this message appears on the screen, check if the map data is set on "Read - Only ".

(Refer to Install - 20 for details)

9. Click OK to save and close the Setup Menu.

O K must b e s e l e c te d to s ave t h e adjustment made by this calibration process.

Now, the calibration process has been completed.

It is ready for capturing x-ray images.

Calibration - 17

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Troubleshooting Guide Index

Set up / Install The NAOMI sensor does not work.····················································································· 02 I cannot install the software to my computer.······································································ 02 Installation Wizard does not come up.················································································· 03 I want to uninstall the software.··························································································· 03 I want to reinstall the software.···························································································· 03 I want to install the software to my second computer.························································· 03 I cannot install the driver for the NAOMI sensor.································································· 04 I cannot find the map data folder.························································································ 04

Capturing X-Ray Images It starts reading the data without the irradiation.································································· 05 It takes longer than 1 minute for images to come up to the screen.···································· 06 It does not start reading the data after the irradiation.························································· 06 The message "Please irradiate X-ray" appears twice.························································ 06

Sensor Area My generator does not cover the sensor area.···································································· 07

Calibration I got the error message during Pre Check.········································································· 08 I got the error message during Positioning Calibration.······················································· 09-11 I got the error message, during Luminance Calibration.······················································ 12-13

Open / Save I cannot save images.·········································································································· 14 I cannot open the saved images.························································································· 14 I don't know where to find the save image.·········································································· 14

Crash The NAOMI software crashes. (closes by itself)································································· 15

Troubleshooting - 01

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Setup / Install

Troubleshooting - 02

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Setup / Install

Troubleshooting - 03

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Setup / Install

Troubleshooting - 04

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Capturing X-Ray Images

Troubleshooting - 05

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Capturing X-Ray Images

Troubleshooting - 06

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Sensor Area

Troubleshooting - 07

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Calibration

Question 1 I got the error message during Pre-Check.

• Click Continue.

Decrease the tube voltage by 5kVp and try again.

• Or click Cancel to stop PreCheck.

If you still have the message to lower the tube voltage, contact RF Technical Support.

• Click Continue.

Increase the tube distance.

Expand the irradiation area.

Refer to Sensor Area Troubleshooting Guide.

• Or click Cancel to stop PreCheck.

Error

C

Please start Pre Check again • T he s of t ware c oul d not f ind t he m o st appropriate sensitivity for your sensor.

Click Continue and start PreCheck again.

• Or click Cancel to stop PreCheck.

Troubleshooting - 08

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Calibration

Troubleshooting - 09

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Calibration

Troubleshooting - 10

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Calibration

Troubleshooting - 11

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Calibration

Troubleshooting - 12

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Calibration

Troubleshooting - 13

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Open / Save Images

Troubleshooting - 14

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

Crash

Troubleshooting - 15

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Daily Maintenance For Long-Term Use • NAOMI Imaging Sensor is precision mechanical equipment. Avoid moisture, dirt, and dust.

• Use a soft, dry cloth to wipe off dirt and dust. If you cannot clean them up, use the firmly squeezed wet towel. You may use alcohol to clean, but do not use any other cleaning substance.

• Do not use volatile organic colvents, like benzenes or thinner, and chemical clothes.

• The rapid temperature changes may cause condensation inside the sensor, which might influence in the system function. Use the sensor with the environment of 15-35 ºC (59-95 ºF), and the humidity 30-70%RH. • Avoid direct sunlight.

• Handle the sensor with care, since it may get damaged from shocks.

• The lifetime of the scintillator is about 5 years. After this period, it may reduce the ability of emission. Contact our technical support when you need the replacement.

• Stop using the system when you have any troubles, and contact our technical support.

Safety Check For Long-Term Use Wipe off dirt with a soft, dry cloth. If the dirt is heavy, squeeze a wet towel well and wipe off the dirt. You may use alcohol but do not use any other cleaning substance.

Regular Check Please check the followings for each three months for your safety.

1. Any screws are not loose.

2. No cracks or fracture on the main unit.

3. The DC-in Jack and USB ports have not become loose.

4. The Power Lamp illuminates in green when the AC Adapter is connected.

5. The USB Lamp illuminates in red when the USB cable is connected.

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

RF Technical Support Center Contact the RF Technical Support Center if you have any inquiries about the product. Call us or fax your inquries. Technical experts will contact you and answer your questions.

How to contact RF Technical Support Center?

By Phone:

1-800-605-1688

from USA (for Medical)

1-800-759-9557

from USA (for Veterinary)

1-866-742-5610

from Canada

1-800-151-319

from Australia

+81-26-225-7744

from other countries

By Fax:

1-800-605-9878

from USA (for Medical)

Copy the Request Form on the next page and fax it to us.

You may upload the images for your inquiries or questions.

1-800-799-9895

from USA (for Veterinary)

1-866-742-5611

from Canada

1-800-151-320

from Australia

+81-26-225-7747

from other countries

By E-mail:

By Website:

os@rfsystemlab.com www.rfsystemlab.com

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Technical Support Request Form When you have troubles with the product, or when you cannot acquire the proper images, please let us know the following information.

Your information Purchase Date

Date

Year

Month

Date

Address

Office Name

TEL

Doctor's Name

FAX

Description of the trouble What trouble do you have?

Setup/Installation

Calibration

Since when have you had the problem?

Image

Other

From Today /

Day(s) Ago Times

Frequency of the problem

Irradiation Setting - If the trouble is about Calibration or Image, provide us the following information.

Tube Distance

Feet

Tube Voltage Irradiation Time

Inches /

kVp

Tube Current

Second(s) /

Pulse

m

cm mA

mAs

Irradiation Condition X-Ray Irradiator Manufacturer Name Type of Irradiator

*Please circle one from A to E, when the trouble is regarding to the image quality.

Contrast

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Brightness

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Sharpness

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Dynamic Range

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

The Part of Focus

( A. Bone

B. Abdomen

C. Chest

D. Extremeties )

Bone

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Abdomen

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Lung Field

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Cranial Bone

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Extrimeties

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Comment

FAX : 1-800-605-9878 1-800-799-9895

(from US for medical)

1-866-742-5611

(from Canada)

(from US for veterinary) +81-26-225-7747 (from other countries)

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Technical Support Request Form When you have troubles with the product, or when you cannot acquire the proper images, please let us know the following information.

Your information Purchase Date

Date

Year

Month

Date

Address

Office Name

TEL

Doctor's Name

FAX

Description of the trouble What trouble do you have?

Setup/Installation

Calibration

Since when have you had the problem?

Image

Other

From Today /

Day(s) Ago Times

Frequency of the problem

Irradiation Setting - If the trouble is about Calibration or Image, provide us the following information.

Tube Distance

Feet

Tube Voltage Irradiation Time

Inches /

kVp

Tube Current

Second(s) /

Pulse

m

cm mA

mAs

Irradiation Condition X-Ray Irradiator Manufacturer Name Type of Irradiator

*Please circle one from A to E, when the trouble is regarding to the image quality.

Contrast

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Brightness

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Sharpness

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Dynamic Range

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

The Part of Focus

( A. Bone

B. Abdomen

C. Chest

D. Extremeties )

Bone

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Abdomen

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Lung Field

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Cranial Bone

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Extrimeties

( A. Very Good

B. Good

C. Fair

D. Poor

E. Very Poor )

Comment

FAX : 1-800-605-9878 1-800-799-9895

(from US for medical)

1-866-742-5611

(from Canada)

(from US for veterinary) +81-26-225-7747 (from other countries)

X-ray Digital Image Sensor

X-ray Digital Image Sensor Specifications NAOMI Specifications (14" x 17") Method

Imaging Sensor and Scintillator

Scintillator Image Size Data Output Power Usage Power Requirement Power Consumption Dimensions/Weight

GOS (Gd2O2S:Tb) 14" x 17" (Maximum) DICOM, Bitmap, JPEG, PNG, GIF AC Adaptor (12V / 12.5A) 100-240V (50Hz / 60Hz) 100W 18.9" x 23.2" x 2.4" / 18.5lb 480 x 590 x 62 (mm) / 8.4 (kg)

NAOMI Dimensions (14"x17")

23.2"

(590mm)

2.4"

(62mm)

18.9"

(480mm)

18.5lb (8.4kg)

NAOMI Requirement for Computer Environment Operation System

Windows2000 / XP / Vista

CPU Memory Hard Disk Drive Monitor Peripheral

Intel Celeron 1GHz 1GB (2GB or more recommended) 160GB XGA Size (1024 x 768) USB 2.0 Port x 1, CD-ROM Drive x 1

Manufacturered by RF Co., Ltd

Address : 3 Nakagosho. Nagano-shi, Nagano 380-0935 Japan TEL : +81-26-225-7744 E-mail : os@rfsystemlab.com FAX : +81-26-225-7747 URL : www.rfsystemlab.com

X-ray Digital Image Sensor