Lifestyle Disorders Kaizen hospital 132 feet ring road, near helmet circle, Memnagar, Ahmedabad - 380052 Gujarat, India
Lifestyle Diseases are diseases that are caused partly by unhealthy behaviors and partly by other factors
WHO list of most common Lifestyle Diseases • • • • • • • •
CVDs Diabetes Mellitus Top 4 Lifestyle Diseases in India COPD Cancer Asthma Disease of Digestive System (Peptic Ulcers, GERD) Genitourinary Conditions (Nephritis, CKD) Neuro-Psychiatric Disorders (Depression, Anxiety, Stress)
Modifiable Risk Factors Habits, Behaviors & Practices that we can change • • • • •
Diet & Body weight Level of physical activity Level of sun exposure Smoking & Alcohol abuse Stress & other Psychological factors
Non-Modifiable Risk Factors • • • •
Age Gender Ethnicity Heredity
Major Diseases causing Death 1900
2004
Pneumonia
Heart Disease
TB
Cancer
Diarrhoea
CVA
Heart Disease
COPD
Stroke
Accidents
CKD
Diabetes
Accidents
Pneumonia
Cancer
Alzheimers
Certain diseases of infancy
CKD
Diphtheria
Septicaemia
Paradigm Shift in House Culture Household Chores
Home Appliances
Paradigm Shift in Work Culture Field Works
Desk Jobs
Paradigm Shift in Play Culture Outdoor Play
Indoor Play
Paradigm Shift in Food Culture Healthy Foods
Junk Foods
WHO Facts & Figures • "Lifestyle-Related" Diseases are now the leading cause of death worldwide, killing 36 million people a year – – – –
Cardiovascular Diseases 48% Cancers 21% Chronic Respiratory Diseases 12% Diabetes 3%
• Much of the toll is in low and middle-income countries and this is where efforts must be focused
WHO Facts & Figures • • • •
India has 61.3 million people with Diabetes Globally, diabetes caused 4.6 million deaths in 2011 Additionally, there are around 2,50,000 cancer cases in India 1/3rd Indians have high levels of Triglycerides and 30-70% have low levels of HDL
WHO Facts & Figures on CVD • Cardiovascular diseases will be the largest cause of Death and Disability in India by 2015 • India No. 1 in cardiac patients: 10% population affected • US/Europe No. 2: 7% each • China: 4% • Heart attacks kill one in every 10 Indians • Prevalence of CAD up from 17.5% to 35% among corporate executives in past decade: two-fold rise
Top 5 Cancers in India Men
Women
Prostate cancer (28%)
Breast cancer (30%)
Lung cancer (17%)
Lung cancer (13%)
Colorectal cancer (12%)
Colorectal cancer (12%)
Bladder cancer (7%)
Uterus cancer (6%)
Non Hodgkins Lymphoma (4%)
Ovary cancer (4%)
Causes of Death in India – 2004 10.80%
39.00%
50.00% Communicable Diseases
Non Communicable Diseases
*World Health Organization, Global Infobase, https://apps.who.int/infobase
Injuries
Mortality by Disease Category & Country Income Low Income 10%
Middle Income
22%
21% 69%
Communicable Diseases Non-Communicable Diseases Injuries
50%
28%
High Income 15% 8%
77%
Prevalence of Obesity in India 2002-2010
*World Health Organization, Global Infobase, https://apps.who.int/infobase
Eat
Healthy
Live
Healthy
Running at slow or leisurely pace is Jogging (< 10 km/hr) • 75 minutes of Jogging or Running every week is essential for important Health Benefits* • Jogging is effective in increasing Human Lifespan & decreasing the effects of Aging • Jogging benefits the Cardiovascular System • Jogging is useful for fighting Obesity and Staying Healthy
* http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/everyone/guidelines/adults.html
Aerobic Exercise Cycling, Walking, Running, Swimming, Treadmill, Jump Rope • Aerobic exercise has long been a popular approach to achieving Weight Loss & Physical Fitness • Improves Circulation Efficiency & reduces Blood Pressure • Strengthens & Enlarges the Heart Muscles to improve its Pumping Efficiency • Facilitate the flow of air in and out of the Lungs • Strengthens the Respiratory Muscles
Aerobic Exercise • Use of Oxygen to adequately meet energy demands during exercise via Aerobic Metabolism • For Weight Loss, Physical Fitness & Agility • Leading to light-to-moderate intensity activities for extended periods of time • Cycling, Running, Jogging, Treadmill, Swimming
Anaerobic Exercise • During Anaerobic exercise the body’s requirement for energy exceeds that provided by breathing • To promote Strength, Speed, Power & to build Muscle Mass • Leading to greater performance & high intensity activities in short duration (few seconds to 2 min) • Power-Lifting, Sprinting
Fox & Haskell formula showing the split between Aerobic (light orange) and Anaerobic (dark orange) Exercise and Heart Rate
Risk of Smoking
Risk of Smoking
Benefits of Quitting Smoking
Stop Drinking Alcohol
Yogas & Asanas • • • • • • •
Yoga has been practiced for more than 5000 years Relieves Stress & Anxiety Boost positive Energy and Mood Help normalize Blood Pressure Speeds up a Sluggish Digestion by massaging surrounding muscles Increases Muscle Flexibility, Strength & Endurance Increases feelings of Calm & Wellbeing
Meditation & Breathing Techniques • It can reverse the Stress Response, thereby provides a shield against the effects of Chronic Stress • Heart Rate and Breathing slows down, Blood Pressure normalizes • Oxygen can be used more efficiently • Adrenal glands produce less Cortisol • Mind ages at a slower rate • Improves Immune Function
Encourage Children toâ&#x20AC;Ś
Sun Exposure for Vitamin D Summer
Spring / Autmn
Winter
10 Mins
20 Mins
30 Mins
Stay Physically Active in Everyday Life Use Stairs instead of Lift Gardening & Leisurely activities
Use email/intercom less and walk around your office to convey messages instead
Self clean the house at least weekly
Stay Physically Active in Everyday Life Clean the Car by hand
Play with children everyday
Take optimum sleep, as too much sleep can also cause fatigue
Tips to Active Lifestyle • • • • • • • • •
Incorporate physical activity and exercise into your daily tasks Set yourself achievable goals and challenges to stay motivated and rewarded Plan and prioritise you activities with rest periods Use aids to help you stay physically active and able to do more Get a good night’s rest, but avoid sitting or lying still as much as possible during the day Cycling or walking to the local store instead of driving to pick up small items Getting off public transport one stop early and walk the extra distance Purposefully park your car a little further from the office, mall or store Make it fun! Try a new sport like Tennis or Badminton. More you enjoy the exercise, more likely you are to stick to it