Pulp & Paper Canada December 2009 by Annex Business Media

December 2009

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The Natural Choice Cascades Picks Wood for Lachute Expansion

SHOW GUIDE EXFOR速 & PAPTAC Annual Meeting JOURNAL OF RECORD, PULP AND PAPER TECHNICAL ASSOCIATION OF CANADA SINGH: Time of Day Pulping at Alberta Newsprint Company

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DECEMBER 2009 Vol. 110, No. 9 A Business Information Group Publication ISSN 0316-4004

FEATURES

18 11 13

The Natural Choice: Cascades Builds with Wood The new addition at Cascades’ Lachute tissue mill makes a dramatic visual impact with minimal environmental impact.

THE NATURAL CHOICE

Reducing Carbon Along the Supply Chain A case study of Catalyst’s Cooled paper analyzed carbon emissions in the supply chain – from forest to printer.

SHOW GUIDE — PAPTAC Annual Meeting & EXFOR 2010 All you need to plan your visit to EXFOR and the annual meeting: technical sessions, special events, floor plan, exhibitors, and business sessions. Round table discussions and a technical session presented in French are new to the schedule this year. Show Planner 13 Floor Plan 19 Program 14 Registration Form 21 Exhibitor List 18

REDUCING CARBON

FIBRE ACCELERATOR AT ANC

TECHNICAL PAPERS

PAPTAC Abstracts A brief introduction to some of the technical papers available from the Pulp and Paper Technical Association of Canada at www.paptac.ca

25 Increasing Flexibility for Time of Day Pulping at Alberta Newsprint Company The goal of the project was to de-bottleneck the TMP plant to increase the peak production rate from 800 to 900 bdmt/d. By S. Singh and C. Mills (Alberta Newsprint Company), and N. Wild (BC Hydro)

30 Polymer Conformation Effect on the FibreRetention Process —

Study of Blocking Agent Systems The linear non-bridging polymers improved the bridging polymer retention efficiency at certain pre-adsorbed polymer dosages. By O. Oulanti (CIPP), B. Chabot (CIPP), F. Brouillette (Ciba Industrial Chair on Paper Chemicals), and C. Daneault (Canada Research Chair on Value-Added Papers).

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To promote the pulp and paper industry in Canada by publishing news of the people and their innovations in research, technology, management and financing, as well as forecasts of future trends.

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Editorial News Technology News Classified Ads Ad Index

December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

EDITORIAL

Climate Change on the Agenda

few weeks ago, Avrim Lazar circulated a letter setting out his position on climate change. It arrived just prior to the Copenhagen meetings, and he was commenting on the direction he felt that group should to take. I posted the letter on pulpandpapercanada.com, but will also include a few of his comments below. By the time this magazine reaches readers, the Copenhagen gathering will be over. Nonetheless, I think Mr. Lazar’s comments, given his vast experience with environmental policy, are insightful and have merit. Mr. Lazar is currently the president and CEO of the Forest Products Association of Canada. The bottom line is simple: you cannot address climate change with the kind of thinking that created it. Climate change is the result of our failure to see, acknowledge, and act on how things in this world are connected to each other; how our actions impact the environment; and how there is no safe haven from global environmental issues. So looking toward the Copenhagen process, this is what we need: • Cumulative global targets and actions which are ambitious enough to seriously impact the climate. Gestures, pilot projects and half measures have been defended in the past as ways to get things going, and they have. But people need to believe that we are doing something effective if they are to buy into the cost of making real change. • Far less emphasis on offsetting emissions and far more emphasis on the deep retooling needed to reduce them. We can’t hide the greenhouse gases under the bed — we need to stop emitting them. • Controls and counting regimes that are based on total carbon footprint. The use of massive amounts of fossil fuel to support the production and use of bio-fuel in the U.S. is one example of what happens when you don’t measure total carbon footprint. • Better integration of other environmental imperatives into the climate program. Biodiversity, air and water quality are severely impacted by climate change and in need of protection. Sacrificing them for carbon reasons is to repeat the mistakes of the past. In a similar vein, in this issue, there’s an article about reducing carbon emissions from the forest products supply chain, as well as the cover story about Cascades’ environmentally conscious construction choices. These Cindy Macdonald concrete examples, combined with Editor the current climate change rhetoric, suggest we are headed into a new news releases: reality, where environmental performedia@ mance becomes a determining factor pulpandpapercanada.com in business success. I would like to take this opportunity to welcome John Simmons to Pulp & Paper Canada. John joins us as publisher while Eileen MacDonell is on maternity leave. He can be reached at 416-510-5142 or jsimmons@pulpandpapercanada.com.

letters to the editor: cindy@ pulpandpapercanada.com

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

EDITORIAL Editor CINDY MACDONALD 416-510-6755 cindy@pulpandpapercanada.com Contributing Editors HEATHER LYNCH

Sustaining member, Pulp and Paper Technical Association of Canada; Member, Canadian Business Press and Audit Bureau of Circulation.

ADVISORY BOARD Richard Foucault Greg Hay Dr. Richard Kerekes Barbara van Lierop Dr. David McDonald Dennis McNinch Dr. Yonghao Ni Bryant Prosser Dr. Paul Stuart Ross Williams

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INDUSTRY NEWS AbitibiBowater sells Belgo mill

Tembec puts Pine Falls newsprint mill up for sale; will end lock-out

A Quebec Superior Court judge has approved the sale of AbitibiBowater’s Belgo paper mill in Shawinigan, Que., to Recyclage Arctic Beluga. There is a short period during which the transaction could be appealed, but both parties are confident the sale will go through, according to a report in Le Nouvelliste, published on cyberpresse. ca on Nov. 24. The purchase price was not disclosed. Recyclage Arctic Beluga will use some of the buildings on the mill site to expand its production of bain pur, an aluminum by-product. The vast industrial complex could also be shared with some other local businesses. The new owners have said the paper machines will be removed from the site. The Belgo mill ceased production in early 2008.

Tembec has announced that it will put its newsprint mill in Pine Falls, Man., up for sale. The facility, which has an annual capacity of approximately 200,000 tonnes, has been idled since September 1, 2009 due to a labour dispute. “We have examined a full range of options related to our continuing ownership of this facility and have concluded that it is in the best interest of Tembec and the employees of the Pine Falls mill that we exit that site,” says John Valley, executive vice-president, business development and corporate affairs. “It is our hope to find a new owner for the site and we are prepared to work with all parties to facilitate a transaction. However, if the sales process is not successful or if it is not completed in a timely manner, we will consider other options, including a permanent closure of the facility.”

As a result of the decision to sell, Tembec informed the province of Manitoba and the United Steelworkers that it is prepared to end the current lockout, subject to reaching an agreement on a limited number of local issues. The ending of the lockout will not, however, mean a resumption of operations. The company has contacted the union through the USW to begin discussions on those issues. Only days before Tembec’s announcement, locked-out workers from the mill responded with a collective “No” to the province’s offer of binding arbitration. The arbitration offer was put forward by Premier Greg Selinger’s government to settle the three-month labour dispute. The 270 unionized newsprint plant employees have been locked out of their workplace since August 31, when the majority turned down a proposal calling for wage and benefit concessions amounting to roughly 35%, the Winnipeg Free Press reported.

BIOMASS

18 months. The first phase will use gasification to produce electricity. According to Otoka, later phases will add a methanogenic reactor to produce natural gas and an upgrader to produce ethanol.

Staged Competition for Crown Wood Supply in Ontario. It includes about one third of the existing wood supply identified in Forest Management Plans. The wood will come from 41 forest management units in Ontario, the majority of which are in Northern Ontario. Part of the wood supply in this competitive process will come from harvest residues — tree tops and irregular limbs – that can be used to support Ontario’s emerging bioeconomy sector, such as the production of wood pellets for energy. For more information on the Provincial Wood Supply Competitive Process and how to submit a proposal, visit ontario. ca/crownwood.

Alberta’s forestry waste to become renewable energy

Scrap treetops and branches from forestry operations in Alberta will soon have the potential to become electricity. The Government of Alberta is providing $25 million to develop a waste-to-energy production facility in the Town of Drayton Valley, Alta. The Otoka Energy Corporation is receiving a $20-million grant from Alberta’s share of the Canada ecoTrust for Clean Air and Climate Change to build the facility. The project also received $5 million in July 2009 through Alberta’s Biorefining Commercialization and Market Development Program, a program administered by Alberta Energy. Otoka’s Drayton Valley Energy Campus will convert 380,000 tonnes of wood waste into electricity each year. “We are thrilled to be recognized by the province of Alberta as part of the climate change solution,” said Otoka president and CEO Michael Muston. The Edmonton Journal reported on Oct. 15 that construction for the first phase of the project is expected to take pulpandpapercanada.com

FIBRE SUPPLY

Ontario government accepting proposals for one-third of province’s wood supply

The Ontario government is seeking innovative ways to use logs, branches, and other wood in Crown forests for manufacturing or other commercial purposes. The aim is to help create green jobs and new investment in the forest industry. Proposals are currently being accepted for the use of about 11 million cubic metres of wood. This competitive process is open to anyone interested in using Crown wood supply and investing in Ontario – including existing and new forest companies. Proposals will be evaluated on a number of criteria, including fostering effective, cooperative relationships between industry and Aboriginal communities. Proposals must be submitted by March 4, 2010. This wood supply competitive process is the second stage of the ministry’s

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY

Cascades burns landfill gas for paper machines

Cascades has been recognized for advanced use of bio-energy at its Rolland paper mill. The biogas energy project was chosen by Pulp and Paper International (PPI) magazine within the global pulp and paper sector as the most innovative and viable use of local and renewable energy. The biogas used in this project is capDecember 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

INDUSTRY NEWS tured from a local landfill. When waste in a landfill decomposes, it produces methane, which must be combusted in order to become CO2. Instead of flaming and releasing green house gas into the atmosphere, Cascades, in partnership with Waste Management and Gaz Metro, captures the gas and transports it to the Rolland mill by an eight-mile pipeline. The biogas is then burned to power the paper machines. The idea for this project originated with one of the mill employees, says Mario Plourde, president and COO of Cascades Specialty Products Group. “At a time when the Rolland mill was struggling for its survival, an employee came up with the great idea to use methane from landfill instead of natural gas. Its implementation provided us the ability to reduce and stabilize energy costs, while favouring local suppliers.” Overall, the biogas project reduces green house gas emissions by 60,000 tons annually, the equivalent of removing 15,000 cars from the road. It also lessens energy costs and helps to secure more than 500 jobs in a challenging market. “Being recognized for such by our peers is an honour and it adds to our delight,” concludes Plourde. APPROPRIATION

Newfoundland appoints managers for lands formerly owned by AbitibiBowater

Two new positions have been created in Grand Falls-Windsor to help the government of Newfoundland and Labrador effectively manage lands that were formerly owned by AbitibiBowater. A Crown lands management officer and a Crown lands management specialist will assist with inspections and other related management aspects of the recently acquired lands. “We continue to work closely with many community partners to identify opportunities and priorities in the area, following the closure of the mill,” said Shawn Skinner, Minister of Innovation, Trade and Rural Development. In December of 2008, the provincial government enacted the Abitibi-Consolidated Rights and Assets Act which resulted in the repatriation of Crown lands. 6

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

BANKRUPTCY

Pensioners of Fraser Papers, AbitibiBowater at risk of losing some benefits

The Communications, Energy and Paperworkers Union (CEP) is alerting pensioners of both Fraser Papers and AbitibiBowater that their pensions are at risk during the bankruptcy proceedings of both pulp and paper companies. At Fraser Papers, more than 1,000 retired paper workers could lose up to 40% of their pension benefits, says the union. Fraser Papers, which filed for bankruptcy protection last June, informed the union that it would seek court approval to ‘wind up’ the pension plans of its 1,000 pensioners. The company owes $171 million to its pension plans, which represents a shortfall of up to 40%. CEP has proposed the establishment of a pension trust that will continue to provide benefits. Creation of the trust would mean that pension plans would not ‘wind up’ but rather, would continue to operate. This requires government support and regulatory approval, but no cash infusion from governments. CEP is working on creating a trust for AbitibiBowater pensioners who face a similar fate. The union held community meetings across Eastern Canada for atrisk AbitibiBowater pensioners. “Our retired members are at risk, and in our opinion only government action can protect their pensions,” said CEP national secretary treasurer Gaétan Ménard. “At these meetings, we will present the facts to our pensioners and explain what the company and the union have proposed to maintain their benefits while the company restructures.” CEP and AbitibiBowater have suspended bargaining while they consult governments over the pension issue.

company was fined $175,000 plus a victim fine surcharge and given one year to pay. Norampac, a subsidiary of Cascades, operates a pulp and paper production facility in the City of Quinte West. A January 2007 inspection revealed that the level of black liquor in the site’s lagoon was above its rubber liner and was discharging and ponding in the immediate area. The inspection noted that the liquor was flowing to a catch basin and a ditch that eventually discharged into the Trent River. BIOMASS

Nova Scotia grants timber rights for NewPage’s biomass electricity project

NewPage Port Hawkesbury’s plan for a biomass-fueled electrical facility has cleared another hurdle. The company has received permission from the provincial government to sell harvested Crownland timber to a proposed biomass-fueled electrical generation facility. NewPage is only to use stem wood for the fuel supply, and is not permitted whole-tree harvesting for the biomass facility. Tree tops and limbs are to be left on the forest floor. “This consent recognizes the important role that biomass can play in helping the province meet its goal of reduced greenhouse-gas emissions,” says Tor Suther, president and general manager of NewPage Port Hawkesbury Corp. The proposed project would involve installing a steam turbine to provide about 60 megawatts of electrical generating capacity to Nova Scotia Power, and use low-pressure steam to manufacture paper. The company estimates the project could support 150 potential new jobs from harvesting, transporting and handling the biomass.

ENVIRONMENT

ENERGY

On October 27, Cascades Canada Inc. pleaded guilty to one offence of discharging a material into the Trent River that impaired water quality, as well as failing to do everything practical to prevent the adverse effect of the discharge and restore the natural environment. The

By Ecolog.com Quebec’s Ministry of Natural Resources and Wildlife has created an $8-million program to spur developments in green and renewable energy. The two-year program is aimed at encouraging research and innovation for biomass, wind, hydro,

Norampac fined for black liquor spill in Trent River

Quebec government investing $8 million in renewable energy

pulpandpapercanada.com

INDUSTRY NEWS solar, geothermal, and hydrogen energy, as well as electric vehicles. The province has also set up a green and renewable energy team to advise the

ministry on development opportunities. By winter 2010, the team is expected to make a report with recommended government actions.

Dates announced: PacWest at Kamloops, B.C. in June 2010

Next year’s PacWest Conference is scheduled for June 9-12, 2010, at the Delta Sun Peaks Resort, near Kamloops, B.C. PacWest is the annual conference of PAPTAC’s Pacific Coast and Western branches. A call for papers has gone out, with a deadline of Feb. 28, 2010, for submission of abstracts. Details are available at www.pacwestcon.net.

Bridging research and industry: Zellcheming 2010

The 15th Zellcheming symposium will be held June 29 to July 1, 2010, in Wiesbaden, Germany. Program and registration information will be available beginning in March 2010 at www.zellcheming.com. The appeal of the exhibition, the technical and scientific lectures, and the supporting program of social activities have made Zellcheming’s annual meeting the largest event of its kind in Europe. The 2008 event had 301 exhibitors, of which 40% were from outside of Germany.

ON THE MOVE

Greg MacIsaac has joined Meadow Lake Mechanical Pulp Inc. as safety and loss control leader. MacIsaac is retired from military service. John W. Weaver has resigned from the AbitibiBowater Board of Directors, for personal reasons. Weaver continued to sit on the board following his retirement as non-executive chairman of AbitibiBowater on February 1, 2009. Weaver is the former executive chairman of AbitibiBowater. He served as president and CEO of Abitibi-Consolidated Inc. from 1999 to October 2007. “John was a driving force behind the creation of AbitibiBowater and he has continued to support the organization as it progresses through its current restructuring,” commented David J. Paterson, president and CEO.

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December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

The Natural Choice M

any months ago, as Cascades employees discussed how to accommodate a new converting line for the Lachute, Que., facility, ideas about how to honour the company’s sustainable development values led to the decision to build an addition that meets international standards for environmentally sustainable construction. From there, the idea to build with wood was the logical next step. Although wood is not a traditional material for industrial construction, the 8

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

result is stunning: a warm, airy, welcoming space that reflects and embraces the surrounding community. The 6800 m2 addition has an exposed wood frame, stained glass windows, and 37 skylights. It was designed to meet the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) specification for new construction, and is currently going through the LEED certification process. Once the paperwork is complete, the new building in Lachute will be the first North American paper manufacturing

facility to qualify for LEED-NC certification. Serge Leroux, one of the project leaders at Lachute, says the challenges of building to LEED specifications arise not so much from the LEED standards themselves, but more from the choices that are made to keep the project in line with principles of conservation and environmentally sustainable construction. At the time of the project, Leroux was the mill manager at Lachute. He has since been promoted to general manager pulpandpapercanada.com

COVER STORY

The new addition at Cascades’ Lachute tissue mill makes a dramatic visual impact with minimal environmental impact. By Cindy Macdonald, Editor

Photo courtesy Cascades Inc.

Stone, steel, and now wood

of Cascades’ away-from-home product lines in Canada. “There was a lot of input from [Cascades president and CEO] Alain Lemaire and the Lachute employees during the whole project,” says Leroux. Lemaire was strong supporter of the idea to build with wood. From the mill employees came the idea to use the stained glass windows and stone façade recovered from a local church and to create a public park alongside the building. pulpandpapercanada.com

As planning for the production upgrade began, it quickly became evident that the new machinery, because of its height and space requirements, would need an addition to the plant. The mill has been expanded many times since its beginnings as the J.C. Wilson paper mill in 1880, but the current structure still retains some of the original stone walls. The dramatic beauty of the new building almost outshines the fact that this expansion also represents a major increase in production, and is one of the few investments in new technology this sector has seen in recent months. The $15-million expansion project was eligible for a loan of $3.1 million from Investissement Québec and financial assistance of $379,000 from Emploi-Québec. The centerpiece of the expansion is a 790C converting line from Fabio Perini. It will increase the facility’s capacity by 50%, to 3.3 million cases of hand towels and bath tissue per year. With the added capacity, several smaller converting lines at the plant will be withdrawn from use, and one line has been repurposed. Both the hand towels and bath tissue are produced from 100% recycled fibre.

Decisions guided by values

“It was the choices we made that sometimes made the project more challenging,” recalls Leroux. In making decisions about heating, lighting, and water management, the options can be limited if you choose to be guided by principles of sustainable development, he explains. In the end, Cascades chose to heat the new building using excess heat from the paper machine elsewhere in the plant, and rain water is guided to a pond in the public park on the grounds, rather than burdening the city’s sewer system. The addition has gained many favourable responses, both from employees

and members of the community. “Choosing to use wood for the construction gives the building a distinctive look. It’s not like the typical dim, dirty, old plant,” says Leroux. “Using the stained glass from a local church, and developing a park area — that gives back to the community.” He admits that the project team did aim for maximum visual appeal. As the structure developed and the beauty of the exposed wood ceiling and the massive beams became apparent, he says they decided to put the windows lower in the outside wall so that the interior would be visible to all, not just those who work at the plant. Other ecologically-sensitive design elements are: • The roof is white to reduce the heat island effect by reflecting rather than absorbing solar heat. • A 350-m3 tank manages rainwater from the roof and loading dock, and discharges it to the water table rather than the public sewage system. • The new building uses 40% less potable water, thanks to low-flow sanitary facilities. • High-efficiency lighting fixtures reduce energy consumption by 38%, and movement and light detectors regulate the lighting according to the amount of natural light available from the skylights. “Obtaining this certification positions Cascades in front of other North American companies in its sector,” declares Alain Lemaire, president and CEO of Cascades. “We can look at this building and be proud.” Cascades employees should be proud. This new building puts Cascades’ commitment to sustainable development front and centre, for all to appreciate. (Cascades will offer tours of the new facility, on request.) Continued, next page December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

COVER STORY

Three stained-glass windows, the bell, and stone from the façade of the former Saint-Julien church located in Lachute were harmoniously integrated into the building. Outside the bell is the centerpiece of a public space created by Cascades. Inside, the windows provide a serene counterpoint to the automated machinery.

The wood frame was supplied by Chantier Chibougamau, a company that is certified to both ISO 14001 and FSC standards.

The Lachute facility is selfsufficient in the production of hand towels, but brings in tissue rolls from other Cascades plants for bath tissue.

The Fabio Perini converting line is highly automated, and needs only two operators.

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

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CLIMATE CHANGE

Reducing Carbon

Along the Supply Chain A case study of Catalyst’s Cooled paper analyzed carbon emissions in the supply chain — from forest to printer. By Chris Elliot and Gary Bull

n 2007, Catalyst Paper Corporation approached Wenner Media Group, publisher of Rolling Stone, with a proposal to print the magazine on paper that adds no carbon dioxide to the atmosphere through the manufacturing process. After conducting its own research and working with WWF Canada and other parties to examine the benefits of the new product, Wenner agreed. As researchers interested in the link between forest products and climate change, we were intrigued by the story of Catalyst Cooled paper. We decided to measure carbon emissions along its supply chain — from harvesting the fibre to printing the magazine. But once we started, we soon realized quantitative data was only part of the picture. There was much more to be gained from a broader look at how the companies along this particular supply chain were addressing the issue of carbon, and the potential this has to reshape business today. The data showed basically what we had expected — 41% of the total carbon emissions came from the actual paper manufacturing process. The rest is associated with harvesting the fibre on northern Vancouver Island and moving it to the sawmill (12%); sawmilling (10%); trucking the chips to the paper mill in Port Alberni (2%); transporting the paper to the print facility in California (28%); and printing the magazine (8%).

We then interviewed senior managers in the six companies along this supply chain and found agreement that carbon is a cost, a potential risk, and an opportunity.

Carbon is a convergence point

That’s not a surprise when you consider that carbon has emerged as a convergence

point in sustainability, in business operations, and in supply chain collaboration. Unlike any other measure, carbon exists in all three realms of sustainability. It is synonymous with the cost of energy so it can be economically sustainable. It has a direct impact on climate change so it can be environmentally sustainable. Its increasing value gives forest users another

Washington Marine Group recognizes the potential strength of sea-based shipping in a carbon-sensitive market, and is looking for ways to reduce its emissions. Photo courtesy Washington Marine Group.

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December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

choice in land-use decisions so it can be socially sustainable. There are two ways carbon efficiency may manifest along supply chains: companies that are energy efficient may become preferred suppliers, and supply chains themselves may reorient around minimizing carbon emissions. We saw both with the Catalyst case study. Wenner chose Catalyst Cooled paper because of its environmental attributes. Catalyst was able to offer a manufactured carbon neutral paper because it has done a lot to lighten its environmental footprint; since 1990, it has reduced its greenhouse gas emissions by 70%. The other companies along the supply chain clearly saw opportunities for their own businesses. Washington Marine Group began carbon management planning when it learned Catalyst — its largest customer — was exploring carbonlight products. It recognizes the potential strength of sea-based shipping, and is looking for ways to reduce its emissions, such as lowering vessel speeds to burn less fuel. The same is true for Burlington Northern Santa Fe. This rail company has close to 50,000 kilometres of track in the United States, and sees a lowcarbon economy as a prime opportunity to enhance its share of the shipping business. One tonne of freight shipped by rail uses one tenth as much fuel as a truck.

Photo courtesy Washington Marine Group.

CLIMATE CHANGE

Adapting to carbon markets

As companies start to consider the carbon implications along their entire supply chain, we may start to see a change in practices. Emphasis may shift from delivery time and delivery costs to carbonefficient delivery. Also, location considerations differ. Here’s an example: A client who wants to reduce the carbon footprint associated with printing a book can choose between a facility powered by hydroelectric power that is far from key markets or one powered by coal that is near key markets. Since the printing uses less energy than the transportation, the coal-powered facility’s total carbon footprint is lighter and it represents the preferred choice. As carbon management along the supply chain grows, third-party auditing and verification may become widespread. 12

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

This additional layer of measurement and monitoring may be costly at first but it will add value both in building stronger relationships between supply chain collaborators and in identifying areas where further improvements can be made. Carbon, given its current prevalence, could emerge as criteria in market access and consumer choice. A jurisdiction could introduce a trade policy that places a levy on products requiring carbon-intensive energy, such as coal, or requires disclosure of the carbon footprint. Consumers may show a preference for goods that have lower environmental and social impacts, as well as being cost competitive.

Finding common ground on carbon

respond to consumer demand. All are able to use efforts to manage and reduce their carbon emissions to further these goals. Carbon may change the structure of businesses in fundamental ways. Even today, when carbon is without a price, companies are finding that reducing their carbon footprint reduces their fuel costs, offering significant savings. As carbon gains a price, these companies will derive multiple benefits from their advances — both fuel and emissions will cost less. Businesses already market their products on the basis of the carbon footprint; this trend is expected to continue. New opportunities, new markets and new collaborators may emerge. Evolving businesses inexorably lead to evolving supply chains. To be slow on carbon is risky business these days. Its role in climate change is having a direct impact on performance, profitability, regulatory compliance, and market access. It has the potential to transform the supply chain, making it stronger and more resilient. PPC

The common cause of carbon is apparent. Less clear is how this will induce change — in purchasing decisions, in the design of supply chains, and in the definition of sustainability. Our interviews helped to show how the sustainability agenda — which often has conflicting environmental, economic, and social goals — has found common ground in carbon. Current trends in carbon management, such as reducing employee travel, offer limited returns. More sophisticated policies are needed that look at suppliers, logistics, and operations — in other words, the supply chain. Businesses have identified carbon as a means for progress in Gary Bull Chris Elliot balancing short-term costs, longterm profitability, and the main- Dr. Gary Bull, associate professor, Forest Resources tenance of a corporate brand. Management Department, University of British Supply chains have aligned cor- Columbia, and Dr. Chris Elliot, director of WWF’s porate strategies around it. Some Global Forest Programme, worked with Graham Kissack, prioritize operational excellence, R.A. Kozak and Justin Bull. The full report, Toward a others anticipate the need for Common Cause: the Embrace of Carbon Along a regulatory compliance, others Supply Chain is posted at www.naturallywood.com.

pulpandpapercanada.com

SHOW GUIDE

PAPTAC Annual Meeting and EXFOR® 2010

A number of new events have been added this year to EXFOR and the PAPTAC Annual Meeting: round table discussions of safety and energy topics, Frenchlanguage sessions, and two sessions on Mountain Pine Beetle. As keynote speaker, Jacquelyn McNutt will share her opinions on the future of the forest industry during the business luncheon. Plus, research and operational insights from international experts will be presented in the 22 technical sessions. This preliminary program is subject to change. Please note that the times of each presentation have not yet been confirmed and that the order within the sessions is not final. Check www.paptac.ca for the most up-to-date schedule. Show Planner Technical Sessions

Business Track

EXFOR

Special Events

Feb. 2, early morning

Mill Managers Breakfast Forum (by invitation only)

Feb. 2, morning

Paper Machine Technology I Environment Fine & Coated Papers Montain Pine Beetle

Feb. 2, afternoon

Paper Machine Technology II Energy Mountain Pine Beetle II Process Control Engineering & Maintenance

EXFOR Trade Show Deloitte & Touche 9 a.m. – 5 p.m. Key Insights into how Forest, Paper & Packaging Manufactures Can Survive the Volatile Times EXFOR Trade Show 9 a.m. – 5 p.m.

PAPTAC Welcome Reception 4 p.m. – 5:30 p.m.

Supplier Showcase

Feb. 3, early morning

Hot Topic Roundtables: Health & Safety Energy Management Finishing & Shipping

Feb. 3, morning

Recycling Bleaching Biorefinery I Mechanical Pulping Research I French Track

Hydro-Québec Energy Management

EXFOR Trade Show 9 a.m. – 5 p.m.

Student Posters

Feb. 3, afternoon

Bleaching Roundtable Research II Biorefinery II Mechanical Pulping II

Natural Resources Canada How will the pulp and paper industy evolve in a carbon constrained world?

EXFOR Trade Show 9 a.m. – 5 p.m.

Business Luncheon Keynote speaker: Jacquelyn McNutt

Feb. 4

Student Seminars

pulpandpapercanada.com

December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

SHOW GUIDE

Tuesday, Feb. 2, AM Mill Managers Breakfast Forum (by invitation only) Paper Machine Technology I: Advances in Papermaking Concepts / Technologie de la machine à papier I : Progrès technologiques dans les concepts de fabrication du papier Host / Organisateur : Paper Machine Technology Committee Chair / Animateur : M. Soucy, Kadant Canada Corp., Canada

Papridry™: Continuous Operation of Two Pilot Units at Paprican, G. Gauthier, I. PIKULIK and J. Hamel, FPInnovations, Canada Energy-Saving Solutions for Paper Machine Wet End – S. Ahmaniemi, H. Ilvespää, J. Jääskeläinen, R. Pihko, T. Pirinen, M. Puro, A. Puurtinen, M. Talonen, J. Vestola and M. SALENIUS, MetsoPaper Inc., Finland Pilot Papermachine Production of Newsprint Using High Filler Loads and Dry Strength Technologies – S. LAFRENIÈRE, BASF, Canada and J. Paradis and F. Brouillette, CIPP-UQTR, Canada Bridging the Gap for Improved Productivity: Alberta Newsprint Uses LSZ Technology to Integrate Multiple Systems at Paper Machine and Winder – R. Stevens, S. Keefe, W. Visser and S. LOEWEN, LSZ PaperTech Inc., Canada Visual Inspection and Post Processing Tools Deliver Rapid ROI – B. CHIRICOSTA, Cognex Corp., USA Mixing Dynamics in Cylindrical Pulp Stock Chests – L.K. HUI, C.P.J. Bennington and G.A. Dumont, UBC, Canada

Environment / Environnement Host / Organisateur : Environment Committee Chair / Animateur : T. Mahmood, FPInnovations, Canada

Production, Characterization and Application of Lignocellulosic Biomassed-Derived Activated Carbon for Removal of Endocrine Disrupting Material – A.B. NAMAZI, C.Q. Jia and D.G. Allen, Univ. of Toronto, Canada Potential of Primary and Secondary Pulp and Paper Sludge from Three Pulping Processes for Binderless Fireboard Manufacturing – S. Migneault H. Nadji and B. Riedl, Univ. Laval, Canada, J. Deng and T. Zhang, FPInnovations, Canada and A. KOUBAA, UQAT, Canada Reduction of Filamentous Growth in a Secondary Wastewater Treatment Plant with the Use of a Novel Soft Sensor Algorithm, M. Frith and V. KNOTT, NewPage Corp., Canada Comparative Life-Cycle Assessments for Different Feedstocks-toEthanol Production, M. Ranjbar, R. Samson and P.R. STUART, École Polythechnique de Montréal, Canada Critical Issues for the Pulp and Paper Industry Presented by North American Carbon and Energy Markets, A. LANDRY, T. Griset and S.A. Hudson, Preti Flaherty Beliveau & Pachios LLC, USA

Mountain Pine Beetle I / Dendroctone du pin ponderosa I Host / Organisateur : MPB Track Committee Chair / Animateur : G. Smith, Alberta Newsprint Company, Canada

Development of Vision-Based Wood Blue Stain Measurement System for Management of Wood Chip Quality Variation Resulting from Utilization of Mountain Pine Beetle Attacked Pines – W. LI, P. Pastushak, J. Woolley and T.M. Garver, Alberta Research Council, Canada and H. Quinn, C. Gurney and G. Renaud, Alberta Newsprint Company, Canada Preparation of Thermomechanical Pulp (TMP) from Whole Pine Logs at Different Stages of Decay Resulting from Mountain Pine Beetle (MPB) Attack – W. CHUTE, D. Henry, D. Rolheiser and J. Zhou, Alberta Research Council, Canada and G. Smith and H. Freeman, Alberta Newsprint Company, Canada Voith Paper Trials and Shoe Press Design – M. YOUNG, Voith Paper Inc., Canada Spruce Meter (Sniffer) Developments in GC-Based Wood Species Characterization for Management of Furnish Variation Due to Utilization of Mountain Pine Beetle Attacked Pine – T.M. GARVER, M. Genest, J. Woolley, W. Li and P. Pastushak, Alberta Research Council, Canada

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

and C. Gurney and H. Quinn, Alberta Newsprint Company, Canada Incorporated Wood Pitch as a Factor Contributing to Newsprint Strength Loss – T.M. GARVER, P. Pastushak and M. Genest, Alberta Research Council, Canada The Impact of MPB Infestation on Pulp Brightness and Bleachability – D. WONG, FPInnovations, Canada

Fine and Coated Papers / Papiers fins et couchés Host / Organisateur : Fine and Coated Papers Committee Chair / Animateur : D.R. Jones, Buckman Canada Ltd., Canada

Extractive-Related Deposits during the Production of a TMP-Based SC Paper Process – Z. DAI and N. Ni, UNB, Canada and G. Court and Z. Li, Irving Paper, Canada Precoat Effect on the Final Printability. Part III: Coating Structure and Deltac Results and Analysis – D. MATTE, Centre international de couchage (CIC), Canada and P.J. Mangin and C. Daneault, CIPP-UQTR, Canada Influence of CPVA on the Properties of Papers made from Bleached Softwood and Hardwood Kraft and Aspen High-Yield Pulps – P. FATEHI, X. Liu, Y. Ni and H. Xiao, UNB, Canada On-Line Image Analysis Delivers Surface Fibre Orientation Measurement – R. MacHATTIE, Honeywell, Canada and A. Paavola, Honeywell, Finland An Enzimatic Solution to Vessel Picking – R. COVARRUBIAS, Buckman International, Canada The Effect of CMC and PVOH on the Curtain Stability and Rheology of Curtain Coating Colours – H.A. LEE, C.H. Kim and E.H. Choi, Seoul National Univ., Korea

Tuesday, Feb. 2, PM Paper Machine Technology II: Advances in Paper Machine Clothing and at the Paper Machine Dry End / Technologie de la machine à papier II : Progrès technologiques dans l’habillage et la partie sèche de la machine à papier Host / Organisateur : Paper Machine Technology Committee Chair / Animateur : S. Di Re, Voith Paper Inc., Canada

A New Method to Quantify the Drainage Property of the Forming Fabric – J. XU, R. Danby, D. Johnson, J. VanDerKolk and A. Cheverton, AstenJohnson Inc., Canada Nip Dynamics: Rolls and Press Felts Working Together – A. Bullerwell, E. Gustafson, M. McGuffey, G. Harvey, R. Goglick and R. MOORE, Xerium Technologies Inc., USA Uneven Winding and Slack Edges: Root Cause Problem Solving Finds a Surprising Culprit!, S.R. LOEWEN, G. Pépin, T. McQuoid and R.K. Stevens, LSZ PaperTech Inc., Canada Optimizing the Winder Operation – T. MUELLER, Voith Paper Inc., USA

Energy / Énergie Host / Organisateur : Energy Cost Savings Committee Chair / Animateur : A. Zaidi, Enbridge Gas Distribution Inc., Canada

Energy Consumption in Kraft Pulp Mills – S.K. SCHRODERUS and M. Davidovsky, KSH Solutions Inc., Canada Techno-Economic Model of the Novel Biodrying Process for the Drying of Pulp and Paper Industry Mixed Sludge and its Effect on the Efficiency of a Fluidized Bed Boiler – C. TCHORYK, P.R. Stuart and B. Tolnai, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada Energy Efficiency in Paper Production using Direct Steam Injection – D. DEGELAU, Hydro-Thermal Corp., USA High Pressure Condensate Return Rearrangement – É. Allen and É. ÉMOND, Cascades Inc., Canada Maximize Drying Rate at Minimum Cost, Y. DÉPAULT, Albany International, Canada

Mountain Pine Beetle II: Moving Ahead - Managing BeetleKilled Wood in Pulp and Paper Operations / Dendroctone du pin ponderosa II : Continuité - Gérer le bois tué par le dendroctone dans les opérations des pâtes et papiers Host / Organisateur : MPB Track Committee pulpandpapercanada.com

SHOW GUIDE Chair / Animateur : B. Adams, Domtar Inc., Canada The Mountain Pine Beetle in Western Canada – An Overview – D. HARRISON, Canadian Forest Service, Canada TMP from Dry, Beetle-Killed Lodgepole Pine Chips – I. OMHOLT, K. Miles, M. Stacey and D. Dranfield, FPInnovations, Canada A Cost-Effective Method for Overcoming the Brightness Ceiling of TMP Made from Mill Chips Containing Mountain Pine Beetle-Infested Lodgepole Pine – T.Q. HU, C. Margetts, K. Morrow, M. Zhao, S. Johal and B. Yuen, FPInnovations, Canada Canola Waste Fatty Acid Addition to Black Liquor to Decrease Tall Oil Soap Solubility and Increase Skimming Efficiency in Kraft Mills Pulping Mountain Pine Beetle Infected Wood, V. ULOTH, E. Guy and R. van Heek*, FPInnovations, Canada and D. Shewchuk, Cariboo Pulp and Paper, Canada * Now with Aker Kvaerner, Canada Whole Log Chipping of Mountain Pine Beetle-Killed Wood for the Pulp and Paper Industry – B. Dalpke and P. BICHO, FPInnovations, Canada Process Control / Contrôle des procédés Host / Organisateur : Process Control Committee Chair / Animateur : P. Gauthier, Kruger Inc., Canada

Advanced Control of a TMP Refiner Line: A Simulation Study – E. HARINATH, J. Yan and G.A. Dumont, UBC, Canada Closed Loop Tuning vs Open Loop Tuning: Tuning All Your Loops while the Process is Running is Now Possible – M. RUEL, Top Control Inc., Canada Rapid At-Line and On-Line Determination of Pulp Mill Process Variables Near Infrared Process Sensors for Pulp Mill Applications – B. CURTISS and D. Campbell, ASD Inc., USA and T. Trung, FPInnovations, Canada HSPP Lime Kiln MPC Project – O.J. TSANG, ABB Inc., Canada Virtual Sensors – N. HARDT, Voith Paper Automation, Germany Advanced Controls Design and Implementation at Tembec Temiscaming using a First-Principles Steam Simulator – A. Poitras and D. Bordeleau, Tembec Inc., Canada and B. JANVIER, Enero Solutions Inc., Canada

Engineering and Maintenance / Ingénierie et maintenance Host / Organisateur : Engineering and Maintenance Committee / Comité de l’ingénierie et de la maintenance

Chair / Animateur : T. Gerhardt, Minas Basin Pulp and Power Ltd.,

Canada Bearing Currents, P. HENRI, ABB Inc., Canada Gestion de la maintenance par les indicateurs - positionnement de l’industrie des pâtes et papiers relativement à l’ensemble des industries – F. DUSABLON, ABB Inc., Canada Pump Failure - An Unnecessary Expense – R. MACKAY, Ross Mackay Associates Ltd., Canada

Supplier Showcase / “Showcase des fournisseurs” Host / Organisateur : EXFOR & Sustaining Members Group Committee

Chair / Animateur : C. Baker, Advanced Dynamics, Canada

FORMEXX - New Shape of Machine Efficiency, P. BRUNET, Weavexx, Canada Integrated Solutions to Increase Efficiency in the Paper Manufacturing Process, C. HOPE, Isra Vision Parsytec Inc., USA IMP Solution to Better Pulp Quality, T. Cotter, D. PREVIS, K. Hale and S. Rosencrance, Kemira R&D, USA Direct Steam Injection for Pulp & Paper Production, D. DEGELAU, Hydro-Thermal Corp., USA On-Line Formation Measurement with ABB Web Imaging System, K. SANGUANNAM, ABB Oy, Finland New Development in Fibre Modification Enzyme, Maximyze 2530 Tissue, D. Denowski, Buckman International, USA CentraFlow, A. CHEVERTON, AstenJohnson, Canada Document Management in a Data-Centric World - Don’t be Content with Just Containers, M. DESROSIERS, Intergraph Canada Ltd., Canada

Wednesday, Feb. 3, AM Hot Topic Roundtables

Health & Safety, Energy Management, Finishing & Shipping (in the EXFOR trade show area, open to trade show visitors, but pre-registration is necessary)

Recycling / Recyclage Host / Organisateur : Recycling Committee Chair / Animateur : D.R. Jones, Buckman Canada Ltd., Canada

Cybercell CX1500: Enhancing Flotation Cell Performance – M. PESCAN-

STUDENT POSTERS Host / Organisateur : PAPIER

1. Supercritical Water Gasification of Solid Wastes – E. AFIF and R.R. Farnood, Univ. of Toronto 2. A Comprehensive Study of Caverns Formed using Side-Entering Axial-Flow Impellers for Designing Agitated Pulp Chests – L.K. HUI, C.P.J. Bennington and G.A. Dumont, UBC 3. Removal of Lipophilic Extractives from Papermaking Process Water using Chemically Modified Glass Beads – K. JRADI, B. Chabot and C. Daneault, CIPP-UQTR 4. E ffect of the Adsorption of Ultrasonically Induced Cationic Birchwood Xylan on Paper Properties – S.H. LEE, H.L. Lee, H.J. Youn and H.X. Zhu, Seoul National Univ., Korea 5. Streaming Potential in Microfluidic Channels on Paper – V. LEUNG, R. Pelton and C. Filipe, McMaster Univ. 6. Impact of Chemical Treatments on Selective Refining of Jack Pine Long Fibre – Y. LIN and R. Lanouette, CIPP-UQTR 7. Application of Biorefinery Concept to the Dissolving Pulp Production Process – X. LIU and Y. Ni, UNB 8. Low-Consistency Refining of Mechanical Pulp: Effect of Feed Freeness, A. LUUKKONEN, J.A. Olson and D.M. Martinez, UBC 9. Fractionation in a Viscoplastic Fluid – A. MADANI, D.M. Martinez and J.A. Olson, UBC 10. A Model System of Polymer-Coated Microspheres and Nanocrystalline Cellulose to Simulate Platelet Aggregate Formation – L. MANFREDI, T.G.M. van de Ven and R.J. Hill, McGill Univ. 11. Combustion Aerodynamics Inside a Lime Kiln with a Multiple-Jet Burner – I. NIKOLAEV, H. Tran and P. Sullivan, Univ. of Toronto 12. Quantification of Amine Groups on Silanized Solid Adsorbent by UV Spectroscopy – L. OULANTI, B. Chabot and C. Daneault, CIPP-UQTR 13. P artition Behavior of Cationic Starch Between Fibres and Fines – Y. SANG, M. Preissinger and P. Englezos, UBC 14. Adsorption Kinetics of White Water Contaminants on Fines – G. RIVARD, C. Daneault and B. Chabot, CIPP-UQTR 15. Modeling the Maximum Capacity of a Screen Cylinder – H. SALEM, J.A. Olson and D.M. Martinez, UBC 16. The Influence of the Size and Amount of Pre-Flocculated Filler on Paper Properties – D. SEO, S.H. Lee and H.L. Lee, Seoul National Univ., Korea 17. Resistivity of Ash and Efficiency of Electrostatic Precipitators, I. SRETENOVIC, H. Tran and M. Kortschot, Univ. of Toronto 18. Influence of Paper Surface Chemistry on the Activity of Immobilized Antibodies – J. WANG and R. Pelton, McMaster Univ. 19. D esigning Microgels for Advanced Paper Structure – Q. WEN and R. Pelton, McMaster Univ.

pulpandpapercanada.com

December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

SHOW GUIDE TIN, Comer S.p.A, Canada Modified Inorganic Particles as Deinking Aids – T. Cotter, D. PREVIS, K. Hale and S. Rosencrance, Kemira R&D, USA Tracking Performance after Optimizing a Deinked Plant – M. RUEL, Top Control Inc., Canada Application of Cationic PVA on OCC Pulp for Improving the Paper Strength – P. FATEHI, T. McArthur and H. Xiao, UNB, Canada New Development in Fibre Modification Enzyme Maximyze 2530 - Tissue, V. ROY, Buckman Canada Ltd., Canada and J. Morissette, Cascades Tissue Group, Canada

Bleaching / Blanchiment Host / Organisateur : Bleaching Committee Chair / Animateur : M.H. Schofield, Ashland Hercules Water Tech-

nologies, Canada Minimizing Transition Pulp During Grade Changes by Improving Plug Flow in High Density Towers – G. PAGEAU, Howe Sound Pulp & Paper LP, Canada Near-Neutral Final Chlorine Dioxide Brightening: Theory and Practice – Z.-H. JIANG and R. Berry, FPInnovations, Canada Understanding the Safe Mixing of Mechanical Pulp Bleaching Liquors Containing Hydrogen Peroxide, P.W. HART, MeadWestvaco Corp., USA and A.W. Rudie, USDA Forest Product Lab., USA Effect of Eucalyptus Kraft Pulp Enzyme Bleaching on Effluent Quality and Bio-Treatibility – M.T. Borges, C.M. SILVA, J.L. Colodette, L. Alves, G.R. Rodrigues and L. Lana, Univ. Federal de Viçosa, Brazil

Biorefinery I / Bioraffinage I Host / Organisateur : Biorefinery Special Committee Chair / Animateur : T. Browne, FPInnovations, Canada

Status and Results of a Thermochemical Biorefinery Process Demonstration Unit – E. CONNOR, ThermoChem Recovery Intl., USA Biorefinery Concept Applied to the Pre-Hydrolysis Kraft-Base Dissolving Pulp Production Process: Formation of Acedic Acid – H. Li, A. Saeed, S. Jahan and Y. Ni, UNB, Canada and A. van Heiningen, Univ. of Maine, USA Sugar Analysis on the Pre-Hydrolysis Kraft-Based Dissolving Pulp Production Process – A. SAEED, H. Li, S. Jahan and Y. Ni, UNB, Canada and A. van Heiningen, Univ. of Maine, USA Production of Cellulose Nanofibres by TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation of Unbeaten Kraft Pulp – R. GUIMOND, B. Chabot and C. Daneault, CIPP-UQTR, Canada

Mechanical Pulping I / Mise en pâte mécanique I Host / Organisateur : Mechanical Pulping Committee Chair / Animateur : S. Singh, Alberta Newsprint Company, Canada

A Method for Estimating Chip Brightnessand its Application – T.Q. HU, M. Zhao and P. Bicho, FPInnovations, Canada and P. Losier, AbitibiBowater Mersey, Canada Mechanical Pulp Quality and Fractionation. Part I: Upgrading Newsprint TMP for Value-Added Grades – R. AMIRI, Z. Yuan, FPInnovations, Canada and S. Beaulieu, Consultation SB Tech, Canada Development of the Fibres Inside a High-Consistency Refiner – I. OMHOLT, FPInnovations, Canada Saving Electrical Energy by Alkaline-Peroxide Pretreatment of TMP

Thanks to our sponsors • Merci à nos commanditaires Partners / Partenaires

Contributors / Contributeurs

Collaborators / Collaborateurs

Friends / Amis

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

Media Support / Support Média

pulpandpapercanada.com

SHOW GUIDE Prior to Low-Consistency Refining – R. BEATSON, BCIT Canada and H. Chang, C. Bridges, D. Vu and D. Kuan, UBC, Canada

Research I / Recherche I Host / Organisateur : Research Committee Chair / Animateur : R. Dekker, Lakehead Univ., Canada

Bacterial Polyesters: Thermoplastic Granules for Paper Sizing – R.H. MARCHESSAULT and R. Bourbonnais, McGill Univ., Canada Physicochemical Study of Factors Inducing Piling in Heatset Offset Lithography – A.C. KHAZRAJI, P.J. Mangin and F. Brouillette, CIPPUQTR, Canada Effect of HYP Fines on Filler Retention and Paper Formation – H. ZHANG, Z. He and Y. Ni, UNB, Canada Mechanical Properties and Structural Formation of PE Composites Reinforced with Surface Treated Nanoclays – R. GU, B.V. Kokta and E. Bustamante, CIPP-UQTR, Canada Energy Analysis of a Canadian Kraft Pulp and Paper Mill – J.-C. BONHIVERS and P.R. Stuart, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada Energy and Forces in Refining, R.J. KEREKES, UBC, Canada

French Track / Montage des meilleures présentations en français Host / Organisateur : PAPTAC’s Quebec Branches / Divisions québécoises de l’ATPPC

Chair / Animateur : TBA / Annoncé ultérieurement

Effet de la variation du poids de couche sur l’imprimabilité du papier – D. MATTE, Centre international de couchage (CIC), Canada et P.J.

Mangin et C. Daneault, CIPP-UQTR, Canada Opportunités pour un avenir prometteur et durable de l’industrie canadienne des pâtes et papiers – M. MARINOVA, E. Mateos-Espejel et J. Paris, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada Réalisation de bilans d’énergie pour les usines de Cascades – G. PÉRIGNY, Cascades inc., Canada Emballages bioactifs pour le contrôle de contaminations alimentaires – T. JABRANE, M. Dubé et P.J. Mangin, CIPP-UQTR, Canada

Annual Business Luncheon

Featuring keynote speaker Jacquelyn McNutt, executive director, The Center for Paper Business and Industry Studies at Georgia Tech Imagine the Forest Products Industry of the Future

Wednesday, Feb. 3, PM Bleaching Roundtable: CIO2 Generation / Table ronde sur le blanchiment : Génération CIO2 Host / Organisateur : Bleaching Committee Chair / Animateur : P.F. Earl, Paul Earl Consulting Inc., Canada

Maximizing the Production Capacity of Sub-Atmospheric ClO2 Processes – J. HOPMANS, ERCO Worldwide, Canada Conversion to Peroxide Chemistry and Dual Chemistry ClO2 Plants, M. MINDAY, Eka Chemicals, USA

BUSINESS TRACK Tuesday AM, Feb. 2 Key Insights into How Forest, Paper & Packaging Manufacturers can Survive the Volatile Times Host / Organisateur : Deloitte & Touche LLP

Like most other industries, the forest, paper and packaging (FP&P) sector has been affected by the global economic recession. To address this, Deloitte last year presented key insights into how FP&P manufacturers could survive the volatile times. This year, we are excited to focus on the progress that has been made, and provide insights into what lies ahead. Moving forward, economic and geopolitical insights are of the essence. Understanding these views can shed light on what is expected to come. And as a sector relished with many challenges, there is still much opportunity for growth and revenue realization. Deloitte’s business session will focus on sharing our unique perspective into how organizations can turn challenges into key areas of opportunity. Our session will provide a unique view into how human capital, cost reduction and supply chain are the keys to success. As well, we will highlight how carbon credits, and mergers and acquisitions can be leveraged to positively impact the bottom line of an organization’s balance sheet.

Wednesday AM, Feb. 3 Energy Management / Gestion de l’énergie Host / Organisateur : Hydro-Québec

Alain Roche and Louhoucine Ettaleb, FPInnovations, Canada, Energy Audit for Mechanical Pulp: A First Step for Diagnosis and Improvement of Performance Kyarash Shahriari and Feng Ding, CRIQ, Canada, Assessing Potential Specific Energy Reduction in a TMP Process: A Gateway to Refining Energy Saving Jacques Perrault, Cascades Inc., Canada, Reducing Electric Consumption with Paper Machine Operations

Wednesday PM, Feb. 3 How will the Pulp and Paper Industry Evolve in a Carbon-Constrained World? Host / Organisateur : Natural Resources Canada/Ressources naturelles Canada Chair / Animateur : Tom Rosser, Director General - Policy, Economics and Industry Branch, Natural Resources Canada

Will the Carbon Market Create More Profitable Bio-Pathways for the Forest Products Industry? Jacquelyn McNutt, Executive Director, Center for Paper Business and Industry Studies (CPBIS) at Georgia Tech, USA, What Could this Mean in Terms of Challenges and Necessary Adjustments for the Pulp and Paper Sector? Jean Hamel, VP FPInnovations Pulp and Paper Div., Canada, Delivering Sustainable High-Value Bio-Materials to New Customers George Weyerhaeuser, World Business Council for Sustainable Development, Will there be Enough Biomass to Replace Fossil Fuels and Produce a Range of Biofuels, Biochemicals and Biomaterials? Jim Farrell, Assistant Deputy Minister and Tom Rosser, Natural Resources Canada, How can NRCan Support the Pulp and Paper Sector to Adjust to the New Context?

pulpandpapercanada.com

December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

SHOW GUIDE Mill Experience with ERCO Smarts – G. PAGEAU, Howe Sound Pulp & Paper LP, Canada Production of Neutral Saltcake in Sub-Atmospheric ClO2 Plants – P.F. EARL, Paul Earl Consulting Inc., Canada

Research II / Recherche II Host / Organisateur : Research Committee Chair / Animateur : R. Dekker, Lakehead Univ., Canada

Response Surface Methodological Approach for Optimization of Chemicals for Highly PCC Filled Mechanical Grade Papers – Y. SANG and P. Englezos, UBC, Canada and M. McQuaid, Catalyst Paper Corp. Canada Polyvinylamine Boronate Adhesion to Wet Cellulose – Why Does it Stick – R. PELTON and W. Chen, McMaster Univ., Canada Self-Assembled Monolayers on Glass Beads for the Treatment of Paper Machine Process Waters, K. JRADI, B. Chabot and C. Daneault, CIPPUQTR, Canada Adsorption of Model Whitewater Contaminants on Ion-Exchange Resins – R. VALLERAND, C. Daneault and B. Chabot, CIPP-UQTR, Canada Development of a Flow-Following Sensor Package for Application in Chemical Pulp Digesters, T.C.M GRAHAM, E. Liu, N. Sadeghi, A.R. Mohammadi, E. Albadvi, S. Mirabbasi, M. Chiao, J. Madden and C.P.J. Bennington, UBC, Canada

Biorefinery II / Bioraffinage II Host / Organisateur : Biorefinery Special Committee Chair / Animateur : T. Browne, FPInnovations, Canada

Kinetics and Mechanism of Autohydrolysis of Hardwood – X. Chen, M. Lawoko and A. VAN HEININGEN, Univ. of Maine, USA Repurposing of a Kraft Pulp and Paper Mill to the Production of Ethanol – R. PHILLIPS, H. Jameel and T. Treasure, North Carolina State Univ., USA Simulation of a Kraft Pulp Mill for the Integration of Biorefinery Technologies and Energy Optimization – E. MATEOS-ESPEJEL, M. Marinova, S. Peter and J. Paris, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada Critical Analysis of Emerging Process Technologies for the Forest Biorefinery (FBR), J. COHEN, V. Chambost, M. Janssen and P.R. Stuart, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada

Mechanical Pulping II / Mise en pâte mécanique II Host / Organisateur : Mechanical Pulping Committee Chair / Animateur : S. Singh, Alberta Newsprint Company, Canada

Development of Jack Pine Fibres during Selective Refining of Long Fibre Fraction after Various Chemical Treatments, Y. Lin and R. LANOUETTE, CIPP-UQTR, Canada Using Optical Brightening Agent (OBA) to Increase the Brightness of High Yield Pulps, Q. Chen, H. Zhang, Z. He and Y. NI, UNB, Canada Effect of Feed Pulp Freeness, Refiner Operation and Plate Design on Pulp Quality – A. LUUKKONEN, J. Olson and M. Martinez, UBC, Canada

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

New Fractionation Technology Gives Better Pulp Quality and Reduced Energy Consumption at Holmen Paper Braviken Mill – C. SANDBERG, Holmen Paper, Sweden and O. Shagaev, Noss AB, Sweden

Thursday AM & PM Student Seminars Host / Organisateur : PAPIER Chair / Animateur : R.J. Kerekes, UBC

Antimicrobial Modification of Polyvinyl Alcohol for Functionalizing Cellulose Fibres – C. BEH and H. Xiao, UNB Distribution and Electrical Conductivity of Inkjet-Printed PEDOT:PSS/ SWCNT Composites on Paper – P.D. ANGELO and R.R. Farnood, Univ. of Toronto Fractionation in a Viscoplastic Fluid – A. MADANI, D.M. Martinez and J.A. Olson, UBC Anaerobic Cellulosic-Biomass Degradation by Mixed Microbial Consortia from Unique Sources – M. LACOURT, H. Tran and E. Master, Univ. of Toronto Streaming Potential in Microfluidic Channels on Paper – V. LEUNG, R. Pelton and C. Filipe, McMaster Univ. CFD Modeling of Batch and Continuous-Flow Mixing in Cylindrical Pulp Stock Chests – L.K. HUI, C.P.J. Bennington and G.A. Dumont, UBC Adsorption of Polyethylenimine on Packed Beds of Pulp Fibres – L. CIOVICA, T.G.M. van de Ven and N.Tufenkji, McGill Univ. Solid Catalysis: A Greener Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass – A. DEBBOUB and D. Montplaisir, CIPP-UQTR Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids as Alternative Pre-Treatment for Cellulose Hydrolysis – S. BINDER and D. Montplaisir, CIPP-UQTR Effect of Applied-Vacuum Box Suction on Overall Retention in Hand Sheet Forming – J. MONTGOMERY and S.I. Green, UBC Synthesis of an Adsorbent for Contaminant Removal in Paper Machine White Water – L. OULANTI, B. Chabot and C. Daneault, CIPP-UQTR Mass Balances of Hemicelluloses and other Components in the PreHydrolysis Kraft-Based Dissolving Pulp Production Process – A. SAEED and Y. Ni, UNB Modeling the Maximum Capacity of a Screen Cylinder – H. SALEM, J.A. Olson and D.M. Martinez, UBC Coating Colour Rheology and Coated Paper Properties using Nanobiopolymer as Binder – N. SRIKANTH and M.M. Nazhad, Asian Institute of Technology Bacteria Deactivation by Biocide Emulsions – R. VYHNALKOVA, T.G.M. van de Ven and A. Eisenberg, McGill Univ. Influence of Paper Surface Chemistry on the Activity of Immobilized Antibodies – J. WANG and R. Pelton, McMaster Univ. Designing Microgels for Advanced Paper Structure – Q. WEN and R. Pelton, McMaster Univ.

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SHOW GUIDE

EXFOR® EXHIBITORS ASD Inc. 1 2555 55th St., Suite 100, Boulder, CO 80301 303-444-6522 www.asdi.com/forest-products Specializing in real-time, rapid, non-contact measurement solutions, ASD gives pulp and paper mills the ability to gain more knowledge from their processes which translates to tighter process control and increased profits. To learn more, visit www.asdi.com/forest-products today! Brenntag Canada Inc. 43 Jutland Rd., Toronto, ON M8Z 2G6 416-259-8231 Vincent Boissinot Carol Truchy

Bright Industrial Crop. Ltd. (reserved) 5 Fortune Zone International Office Park, Chedun, Songjian, Shanghai, China

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Buckman Canada 36 351 Joseph-Carrier, Vaudreuil-Dorion, QC J7V 5V5 450-424-4404 Ron Anger buckman.com What does sixty years of experience delivering continuous innovation in Canada mean for you? With Buckman personnel you are guaranteed high value-added specialty chemical products, services and innovations to exceed pulp and paper industry challenges. Join our specialists at booth #36 and explore the possibilities for your innovative operational improvements. CIPP (Centre intégré en pâtes et papiers) 19, 20 3351 boul. des Forges, C.P. 500, TroisRivières, QC G9A 5H7 819-376-5075 Gaston Michaud, Patrice Mangin www.cipp.ca

Education and research programs in pulp & paper, biorefining, bio- and nano- technologies and environment. Pilot plant and papermachine. CIC Inc. 19, 20 8975 boul. Parent, Trois-Rivieres, QC G9A 5E1 819-371-7755 www.coatercic.com Premiere pilot coating facility in North America. Commercial speed blade, MSP, air knife and puddle coating. R&D outsource capabilities. Cognex 1 Vision Dr., Natick, MA 01760 508-650-3300 Bob Chiricosta

DRN Industriel 22 3460 Francis Hughes Ave., Laval, QC H7L 5A9 450-667-0024 Charles Kaleel

December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

SHOW GUIDE Deublin Company 34 2050 Norman Dr. W., Waukegan, IL 60085 847-689-8600 Afzal Ali Tamara Groharing Enerquin Air Inc. 23 5730 Place Turcot, Montreal, QC H4C 1V8 514-931-4794 Jean Desharnais Enzymatic Deinking Technologies (EDT) 17 3975 Steve Reynolds Blvd., Norcross, GA 30093 678-735-3500 www.edt-enzymes.com Enzymatic Deinking Technologies (EDT) specializes in creating mill-specific enzyme formulations to address key needs of recycled and virgin pulp and paper mills. Our most recent enzyme work in fibre modification helps mills improve drainage and sheet strength to produce more tons or better tons, while reducing energy use and other major costs of production. Please visit EDT’s booth #17. FPInnovations™ – Paprican Division 19, 20 570 Saint-Jean Blvd., Pointe-Claire, QC H9R 3J9 514-630-4100 Martin Champoux Linda Tristam www.fpinnovations.ca FPInnovations™ – Paprican is a leading notfor-profit research and technology institute that offers results-oriented services. Our programs are driven by the high-priority technical issues of the industry such as product quality and value, cost competitiveness, environment and sustainability. GL Superviseur (reserved) 1410 Parent, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2E1 819-346-2388 Jacques Gourde

Glenco Products

Lorentzen & Wettre Canada Inc. (reserved) 24 16849 Hymus Blvd., Kirkland, QC H9H 3L4 514-694-4522 Danny O’Donoghue Natural Resources Canada/CIPEC 6 580 Booth Street, 12th floor, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E4 613-943-0792 www.nrcan-rncan.gc.ca Natural Resources Canada’s (NRCan’s) ecoENERGY for Industry and ecoENERGY Retrofit initiatives are designed to improve industrial energy intensity and reduce energy-related industrial greenhouse gases (GHGs) and air pollution. OpTest Equipment Inc. 9,10 900 Tupper St., Hawkesbury, ON K6A 3S3 613-632-5169 Marc Auprix

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

ProMinent Fluid Controls 11 490 Southgate Drive, Guelph, ON N1G 4P5 888-709-9933 www.prominent.ca Products displayed include an entire range of chemical metering pumps, measurement and process control instrumentation, and integrated systems. Additionally, ProMinent manufactures generators for chlorine dioxide and ozone, plus polymer feed, UV and RO systems. Marc Szuszkiewicz Pulp & Paper Canada 2,3 12 Concorde Place, Suite 800, Toronto, ON M3C 4J2 416-510-5142 John Simmons www.pulpandpapercanada.com With more than 100 years of service to the industry, Pulp & Paper Canada provides news of pulp and paper mills, as well as innovations in research, technology, management, and finance. Pulp & Paper Canada is also the Journal of Record for PAPTAC. Pulp & Paper Canada publishes The Reporter, the daily newspaper of events and company information at EXFOR, the Annual Mill Directory and the Pulp & Paper Canada Buyers’ Guide. Drop by the booth to meet editorial and sales staff. Pulp and Paper Technical Association of Canada (PAPTAC) 29 740 Notre-Dame West, Suite 1070, Montreal, QC H3C 3X6 514-392-0265 www.paptac.ca The Pulp and Paper Technical Association of Canada (PAPTAC) is a Canadian-based, notfor-profit organization dedicated to improving the technical and professional capabilities of its members worldwide and to the advancement of the pulp and paper industry. Quadra Chemicals 35 370 boul. Joseph-Carrier, Vaudreuil-Dorion, QC J7V 5V5 450-424-2665 Gilles Beaulieu Spraying Systems Co. 15 P.O. Box 7900, Wheaton, IL 60187-7901 630-665-5000 Daisy Galloza www.spray.com Spraying Systems Co., the world’s leading manufacturer of industrial spray products, provides high-quality nozzles, showers, and automated spray systems to pulp & paper mills around the world. Optimizing spray performance with these products saves many mills thousands of dollars annually.

era Systems; Metso Automation Consistency; V.I.B profilers; IRCON IR Edge/Web dryers and Satron Instruments. Our paper machine measurement and optimization products will improve your machine’s efficiencies and reduce your annualized costs. Come see us at booth 7. Tank Connection (Canada) Corp. 21 P.O. Box 1886, 57 Old Onondaga Road West, Brantford, ON N3T 5W4 519-754-3733 Ken Gray www.tankconnection.com. Tank Connection (Canada) provides a unique rolled tapered panel (RTP) bolted tank used for the storage of a wide variety of dry bulk and liquid storage applications. We design, manufacture, and install any size tank for any service. Our innovative construction process focuses on quick installation accomplished with the highest degree of safety. We look forward to the opportunity to “get connected” with you on future projects. Tidland — A Maxcess International Company 31 2305 SE 8th Avenue, Camas, WA 98607 360-834-2345 www.tidland.com Get your hands on the “Technology of the Year” new all-electronic e-Knifeholder and see how the ESP slitting system can reposition 10 knives in under one minute with accuracy of +/– 0.05mm (.002”). Also see tension sensors by MAGPOWR and the Tidland air-expanding reel spool with the popular ergonomic friendly air valve. Voith Paper 8 514-624-0645 Sammy Di Re, Guy Doucet www.voithpaper.com The papermaking solution provider - stock prep. equipment, paper machines, coaters, calenders, supercalenders, PM hoods, air handling, tail threading, winders, automation, profiling equipment, audits, rolls & roll covers, PM clothing, energy recovery audits. Watson-Marlow Pumps Group 37 Upton Drive, Wilmington, MA 01887 978-988-5309 Melissa O’Keefe

William Kenyon Inc. 16 585, rue Cabana, Granby, QC J2G 1P8 450-378-3141 www.williamkenyon.com Alain Morissette Supplier of carrier rope, threading equipment, Simonex slitters and blades.

Tecumseth Group Inc. 7 P.O. Box 804, Tottenham, ON L0G 1W0 905-936-2189 Ken Klempner www.tecumseth.com Tecumseth Group represents Clouth doctor blades; ALGAS MicroFiltering; Event Campulpandpapercanada.com

2010 Registration Form – Formulaire d’inscription EXFOR® and Annual Meeting / EXFOR® et le Congrès annuel Deadline: January 22 / Date limite : 22 janvier (after this date please register on site / veuillez vous inscrire sur place après cette date) Hôtel Fairmont Queen Elizabeth – Montréal, Québec, Canada

February 2-3 février

DELEGATE REGISTRATION

/ INSCRIPTION DÉLÉGUÉ { Mr. / M.

{ Mrs./Mme

{ Dr.

First Name / Prénom_________________________ Last Name / Nom de famille______________________ Title / Titre __________________________ Company/ Compagnie_____________________________ Address / Adresse _______________________________________________________________

City / Ville ________________________ Province / State ________________ Zip Code Postal _________ Country / Pays ____________________ Tel / Tél ___________________ Fax / Téléc. Membership # / N de membre T-__________ E-mail / Courriel o

______________ ___________________________________

REGISTRATION FEES / FRAIS D’INSCRIPTION - $ CAD x

Member / Membre

Non-Member / Non membre

CONFERENCE & TRADESHOW (unlimited access) / CONFÉRENCE ET SALON D’EXPOSITION (accès illimité)

{

Delegate / Délégué

350.00

600.00

{ { {

Official Representative PAPTAC Sustaining Member Représentant officiel – membre de soutien de l’ATPPC PAPTAC Corporate Member / Membre corporatif de l’ATPPC PAPTAC Honorary Member / Membre honoraire de l’ATPPC

0.00

------

{ {

Presenters / Moderators — Conférenciers PAPTAC Retired Member — Membre retraité

225.00

------

{

Student / Étudiant

75.00

125.00

{

Emeritus Member / Membre émérite

100.00

------

{

Honorary Life Member / Membre honoraire à vie

50.00

------

40.00

25.00

TRADESHOW ONLY / SALON D’EXPOSITION SEULEMENT { {

EXFOR® 2 days – EXFOR® 2 journées ®

EXFOR 1 day – EXFOR 1 journée

On-site registration / Inscription sur place : + $100

PAYMENT METHOD / MODE DE PAIEMENT

{ Cheque payable to PAPTAC / Chèque au nom de l’ATPPC { VISA { MasterCard { AMEX

| o

Card # / N de la carte

Expiry date / Date d’expiration

Signature / Signature du détenteur

IMPORTANT Registration fees include all taxes / Les frais d’inscription comprennent les taxes. GST # 142632231 QST # 1021680725 Registration fees included access to the Tuesday reception and/or the Wednesday lunch Les frais d’inscription comprennent l’accès à la réception mardi et/ou le dîner mercredi Notes An official receipt will be provided on-site / Reçu officiel remis sur place Cancellation Policy / Politique d’annulation

740 Notre-Dame West, Suite 1070 * Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3X6 Tel.: 514-392-0265 * Fax: 514-392-0369 *

E-mail/courriel: jlemieux@paptac.ca www.paptac.ca

A full refund will be made if notice of cancellation is received by January 8, 2010. If notification is received after this date, 25% of the registration fee will be retained. There will be no refund if we are notified after January 22, 2010. Un remboursement complet sera attribué si nous sommes avisés au plus tard le 8 janvier 2010. Après cette date, 25 % des frais d’inscription seront retenus. Aucun remboursement après le 22 janvier 2010.

PAPTAC abstracts

Effects of Extractives from Mountain Pine Beetle-Attacked Lodgepole Pine on TMP Plants and Paper Mills By L. Allen, A. Gagné, and P. Watson

Les effets des produits d’extraction du pin de Murray attaqué par le dendroctone du pin ponderosa sur les usines de PTM et les usines de papier

Abstract: This report assesses the impact of using mountain pine beetle infested wood in integrated TMP and paper mills on extractives-related issues, such as: extractives in pulp, pitch control, friction properties of paper, and effluent treatment. Use of infested wood in TMP pulp and paper mills did not seem to cause significant changes in the normal amounts of extractives and their chemical composition across the mills. Use of a pitch dispersant for pulping of green- and red-stage infested wood to prevent plugging of grooves in refiner plates may be necessary due to the high variability in extractives levels. The friction properties of newsprint from infested wood were within the normal range for newsprint. Effluent treatment plants successfully reduced the extractives of effluents during use of infested wood to near-zero values. As only three mills were involved and none was using gray-stage wood, the results are preliminary. Paper presented at the PacWest Conference 2008, Jasper, Alta., June 18-21, 2008. Keywords: MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE, LODGEPOLE PINE, WOOD EXTRACTIVES, EXTRACTIVES, PITCH, FATTY ACIDS, RESIN ACIDS, STEROLS, STEROL ESTERS, TRIGLYCERIDES, PITCH CONTROL, PULP AND PAPER PROCESSING, TMP, PAPER MILLS, EFFLUENT MANAGEMENT, FRICTION, PAPER FRICTION, COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION. Full peer-reviewed manuscript available at www.paptac.ca

Using Process-Based Cost Modeling to Evaluate Process Modernization Alternatives By M. Janssen, P. Naliwajka, and P.R. Stuart

Utilisation d’une modélisation de coûts s’appuyant sur le procédé dans le but d’évaluer les alternatives de modernisation de procédé

Abstract: This paper presents a methodology for design decision

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

Demonstration of the Precipitator Dust Purification (PDP) System at Tembec’s Skookumchuck Kraft Pulp Mill

By N. Jemaa1, G. Tan, A. Thibault, M. Paleologou, R. Adderley, G. Baxter, M. Sheedy, D. Swaine, J. Wearing, and J. Lockhart

Démonstration du système de purification de la poussière par précipitation à l’usine de pâte kraft de Tembec Skookumchuck

Abstract: The Precipitator Dust Purification (PDP) chloride removal system was demonstrated at Tembec’s Skookumchuck kraft pulp mill. The system was able to treat about 1 t/d of ESP dust. The resin bed removed sodium chloride with an efficiency ranging from 90 to 99% depending on the chloride level in the feed solution and the mode of operation. The recovery of sodium sulphate and sodium carbonate was over 97% during the recycle mode of operation. Some of the metal ions (e.g. zinc and iron) slowly accumulated on the resin bed but a periodic acid wash was able to displace them. Paper presented at the 2007 International Chemical Recovery Conference in Québec, Que., May 29 – June 1, 2007 Keywords: PRECIPITATORS, KRAFT MILLS, DUST CONTROL, PURIFICATION, CHLORIDES, ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS, REMOVAL, SUSPENDED SOLIDS. Full peer-reviewed manuscript available at www.paptac.ca

making based on a cost accounting model that incorporates the principles of Activity Based Costing (ABC). Such an approach provides a process-based view on the operating costs of the mill processes, both direct and overhead costs. Furthermore, the presented cost modeling approach significantly increases the granularity and transparency of the results when compared to a classical techno-economic study, and permits the examination of some critical design scenarios. A case study demonstrates this approach by evaluating several retrofit process design alternatives for increased deinked pulp (DIP) production and cogeneration at an integrated newsprint mill. Paper presented at the 92nd Annual, Meeting, Montréal, Que., February 6-10, 2006. Keywords: COST ACCOUNTING MODEL, ACTIVITY BASED COSTING, RETROFIT PROCESS DESIGN, INTEGRATED NEWSPRINT MILL Full peer-reviewed manuscript available at www.paptac.ca

pulpandpapercanada.com

PAPTAC abstracts

Effects of Extractives from Mountain Pine Beetle-Attacked Lodgepole Pine on Kraft Mills By L. Allen, A. Gagné, and P. Watson

Les effets des produits d’extraction du pin de Murray attaqué par le dendroctone du pin ponderosa sur les usines de pâte kraft

Abstract: This report addresses the impact of mountain pine beetle infestation on several extractives-related issues in kraft pulp mill operation: extractives in pulp, pitch control, and effluent treatment. The work, funded by the Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative of Natural Resources Canada, involved visits to five western Canadian kraft mills to observe operating conditions, collection of samples for subsequent laboratory measurements, and overall analysis of the combined information. Work in separate reports has

The Half-Life of Biological Knots in Kraft Pulping By M. MacLeod and A. Dort

Période de demi-vie des nœuds biologiques dans la mise en pâte kraft

Abstract: How many cycles of kraft pulping does it take to reduce biological knots (and the knotter rejects derived from them) to fibrous pulp and dissolved organics? To find out, we experimented

shown that the use of infested wood usually causes higher extractives (especially increased resin acid content) in the wood to the digester and this results in an increased solubility of fatty and resin acid soaps in black liquor. Hence the use of infested wood resulted in a greater extractives load to be removed in brownstock washing for good pitch control. Use of green- and red-stage wood did not cause a significant change in the normal quantities of extractives in pulp across the bleach plant and at the pulp machine. In the mill using gray-stage wood, the solubility of extractives in black liquor was even higher and brownstock washing was more important for their removal. The quantity of extractives, especially the unsaponifiables, in the final pulp was significantly higher in the mill using gray-stage wood. In this mill, the resin acid concentration in the final effluent was high. The gray-stage results require further confirmation in more mills. Paper presented at the PacWest Conference 2008, Jasper, Alta., June 18-21, 2008 Keywords: MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLE, LODGEPOLE, PINE, WOOD EXTRACTIVES, EXTRACTIVES, PITCH, FATTY ACIDS, RESIN ACIDS, STEROLS, STEROL ESTERS, TRIGLYCERIDES, PITCH CONTROL, PULP AND PAPER PROCESSING, KRAFT MILLS, EFFLUENT MANAGEMENT, SOAP, SOAP RECOVERY, TALL OIL. Full peer-reviewed manuscript available at www.paptac.ca

with stockpiled knotter rejects and with fresh biological wood knots. With either material, re-cooking knotter rejects begat further knotter rejects. Relative to normal wood chips, biological knots cooked slower and to lower pulp yields; after re-cooking, the pulps became progressively weaker. Knotter rejects from biological knots had a half-life of two complete cooks in bleachable-grade kraft pulping. Paper presented at the 94th PAPTAC Annual Meeting in Montreal, Que., February 5-7, 2008. Keywords: BIOLOGICAL KNOTS, KNOTTER REJECTS, KRAFT PULPING, DELIGNIFICATION RATE, PULP YIELD, PULP PROPERTIES Full peer-reviewed manuscript available at www.paptac.ca

Effect of the Final ECF Bleach- entre le peroxyde d’hydrogène et ing Stage on Eucalyptus Kraft le dioxyde de chlore The factors contributing to the differences between Pulp Properties – A Comparison Abstract: chlorine dioxide and hydrogen peroxide final ECF bleaching stages are discussed with respect to the properties of Eucalyptus Between Hydrogen Peroxide globulus kraft pulps. The higher beatability of pulps bleached with a final peroxide stage was assigned to the better fibre swelland Chlorine Dioxide ing capacity. For laboratory beaten fibres, dry zero-span tensile By P.E.G. Loureiro1, P.J. Ferreira1, D.V. Evtuguin, M.G.V.S. Carvalho

L’effet du stade final de blanchiment sans chlore élémentaire sur les propriétés de la pâte kraft d’eucalyptus – une comparaison pulpandpapercanada.com

strength is a more suitable predictor of fibre strength than wet zero-span or intrinsic viscosity, at least when comparing pulps with different bleaching history. A comparison between laboratory and industrial bleached pulps is also provided. Paper presented at the 2008 International Pulp Bleaching Conference in Quebec City, Que., June 2-5, 2008. Keywords: PULP PROPERTIES; FIBRE SWELLING; FIBRE STRENGTH; FINAL ECF BLEACHING; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; CHLORINE DIOXIDE Full peer-reviewed manuscript available at www.paptac.ca December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

PAPTAC abstracts

Neutral pH Conversion in Mechanical Grades – Fine Balance of Chemical and Mechanical Contributions By P. Pruszynski, C. Smith, and P. Sturtevant

Conversion au pH neutre dans les pâtes mécaniques – un juste équilibre de contribution entre le chimique et le mécanique Abstract: After most alkaline conversions in wood-free grades were completed in the late 1990s, neutral pH conversions in mechanical grades emerged as the next major industry trend. Converting mechanical grades of paper to higher operating pH is in most cases driven by the desire to introduce calcium carbonate based fillers, which offer a number of cost and quality advantages to the papermaker. In addition, higher operational pH is known to increase web strength development, which allows for higher filler loadings and a reduction of expensive kraft fiber, commonly added to improve wet web and finished product strength. This increased potential for fiber substitution and the resulting reduction in furnish costs were primary drivers for neutral pH conversions in their early stages. Geographical differences in availability and cost between kaolin and calcium carbonate filler explain the regional differences in advancement of converting of mechanical paper grades production to neutral pH. Neutral pH applications in mechanical grades are defined by the introduction of reactive fillers, which raise the operating pH to a level that can be potentially harmful to brightness development. Successful neutral pH conversions and neutral pH operation require knowledge, technology and cooperation between the papermaker, the filler supplier and the wet-end retention, sizing and microbiological control supplier. In this paper the focus will be placed on the recent neutral conversions that, contrary to earlier projects driven mainly by economics, require constant attention to the quality benefits. In such conversions a team of mill personnel and the filler supplier would benefit strongly from a partnership with a quality oriented solutions provider. We will discuss the most important elements of neutral pH conversions and illustrate how proper chemical program selection and its application may contribute to successful outcome of these important projects. To fully realize the inherent quality and cost benefits of neutral pH conversions, a full optimization of wet-end applications is required. For a neutral pH conversion project to be successful, it is not possible to further continue with practices proven under lower pH conditions. It becomes even more important to develop expertise and application strategies (not just products) that are specific to neutral pH operations. A partnership focused on providing solutions may mean the difference between a successful and failed neutral pH conversion project. Areas where such a focus is required include retention, drainage, their subsequent impact on filler agglomeration and distribution, control and monitoring strategies, deposit control, pH control, anionic trash management, sizing, foam control, lint control and

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

mechanical aspects of machine operations. Special emphasis has to be dedicated to reviewing and avoiding presence of potentially interfering, not compatible, chemical applications. The recent interest in neutral pH conversions is a result of an increasing market demand for higher brightness, opacity and improved printability within the grade. It is no surprise that these quality drivers and the expected overall cost reductions driven by these conversions are of special interest to producers of supercalendered (SC) grades. Contrary to the first wave of conversions driven by economics, recent conversions need to satisfy also stringent quality and performance specifications. This paper consists of three parts: Theory: Review of aspects of neutral conversions crucial for successful conversion. In this section we review fundamentals of an impact of increased pH on furnish charge development, decay of charge of certain cationic additives, changes in conductivity, hardness, alkaline darkening and overall brightness development. Operation at increased pH level and importance of pH control are also discussed. Pros and cons of various pH control methods are also discussed. Special applications of retention and drainage programs allowing recovering performance at elevated charge and conductivity levels are also demonstrated. Sheet quality remains at the center of interest throughout discussions in this section. Mill Cases: Examples of mill cases demonstrating how creative applications and understanding of system demands under new conditions benefited papermaking. Cases discussed in this section include supercalendered grades, newsprint and LWC grades utilizing virgin mechanical and/or recycled furnish. Details of retention program selection, filler pre-treatment, coagulant-flocculant premix application at increased conductivity, anionic trash control, special requirements for hydrophobic contaminants control are discussed. Key Drivers: Key drivers for neutral pH conversions and key properties that need to be controlled and understood are discussed in this section. Impact of change in operational pH on efficiency, brightness, opacity, gloss and printability are a focus of this section. Paper presented at the 92nd Annual Meeting, Montréal, Que., February 6-10, 2006. Keywords: NEUTRAL pH, CALCIUM CARBONATE, MECHANICAL GRADES, COST, QUALITY, BRIGHTNESS, STRENGTH, pH. Full peer-reviewed manuscript available at www.paptac.ca

pulpandpapercanada.com

ENERGY COST T165

Increasing Flexibility for Time of Day Pulping at Alberta Newsprint Company By S. Singh, C. Mills, and N. Wild Abstract: In 2005, ANC undertook a capital project, known as the TMP Production Project, to increase the TMP plant production rate in order to better manage electrical power costs and to improve the heat recovery. The TMP plant in its previous configuration had more than adequate capacity to meet the day-to-day production requirements of the paper machine. However, ANC operates in a fully deregulated electrical power market and rigorously practices time-of-day (TOD) pulping to minimize electrical power costs. Lately, the higher pulp demand due to increased paper machine production reduced the flexibility and subsequent cost effectiveness of TOD pulping. The goals of the project were to de-bottleneck the TMP in order to increase the peak production rate from 800 to 900 bdmt/d, while utilizing refiner steam for clean steam production.

ulp demand at ANC increased substantially due to higher paper machine speed and efficiency. Higher pulp demand increased refiner up-time resulting in a significant reduction in the TMP mill’s ability to curtail pulp production to respond to high electrical power prices without incurring production loss on paper machine. The purpose of this project was to increase the TMP production rate in order to make extra pulp when power prices are comparatively cheaper and to curtail pulp production when power is expensive. We undertook several bench-marking trips, invited major suppliers to make presentations, and commissioned Poyry (Vancouver) Inc. to prepare several feasibility studies. We had considered various options such as increasing the current production rate to 900 or 1025 bdmt/d, installing larger refiners (Metso’s CD76/82), upgrading only one refiner line, etc. Based on capital requirement, rate of return, down time required to implement the project, ease of doing the project, and number of changes required, we proceeded with increasing the TMP production rate to 900 bdmt/d from the current rate of 800 bdmt/d (an increase of 100 bdmt/d or 12.5%). The major components of the projects were: • installing three new 22,000 HP motors on all the primary refiners for additional power needed for increased production, • replacing all three primary cyclones with fibre accelerators for better steam and fibre separation and to provide uniform feeding to secondary refiners, • upgrading the reject system by installing an additional screw press to handle added capacity, • installing a smaller second reboiler to capture the pulpandpapercanada.com

extra mainline refiner generated steam and to improve steam generation efficiency and, • upgrading mainline and reject screening. The savings from the project were determined in terms of lower power cost, less bleach chemical usage, lower natural gas consumption for steam generation, reduced paper loss on machine due to lack of pulp, and avoiding the risk of refiner motor failure as these motors were approaching the end of their normal service life. The project was implemented during a seven-day fall shutdown in November 2005.

CHIP WASHING SYSTEM UPGRADE

APS Bin No. 1 Discharger Modifications The APS (Atmospheric Pre-steaming) Bin No.1 discharger was originally configured with a drag arm type discharger that, for reliability reasons, was quickly replaced with a shark fin type discharger. However, the shark fin discharger only agitated the chips in the center and did not sweep the full bin diameter. Chip bridging occurred regularly forcing the mill to operate this bin at very low levels. As a result, chip retention time was insufficient for proper chip heating and preconditioning. Also at times due to insufficient agitation, the amount of chips discharged and subsequently conveyed by the extraction screws was insufficient to maintain target refiner production rate. Short of replacing the entire bin and/or the complete discharger assembly, we elected to replace the shark fin type discharger with an improved version of the original drag arm type discharger. Since the project implementation we have been able to maintain sufficient chip discharge even during peak TMP production periods.

S. SINGH Alberta Newsprint Company, Whitecourt, Alta.

C. MILLS Alberta Newsprint Company, Whitecourt, Alta.

N.W.H. WILD BC Hydro, Burnaby, B.C.

December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

T166 ENERGY COST Table I. Mainline refining fibre carry-over rates Separation equipment

Primary Refiner Secondary Refiner

Pressure Cyclone Pressure Cyclone Before Project

fibre accelerator Pressure Cyclone After Project

Production rate Primary refiner fibre carry-over rate Secondary refiner fibre carry-over rate Total fibre carry-over rate

bdmt/d

275

290

kg/bdmt

5.47

0.25

kg/bdmt kg/bdmt

3.11 8.58

3.11 3.36

Chip Pump Replacement and Chip Wash System Upgrade The old chip pump was undersized for 900 bdmt/d operation and forced the mill to run the chip wash system at temperatures under 65°C. Attempts to raise the chip wash water temperature resulted in rising water levels in the chip sump as the chip pump suction head requirement (NPSHR) exceeded the suction head available (NPSHA). Considering the existing equipment sizing, plant configuration and available space, the best solution was simply to replace the existing chip pump with a larger model. The Chip Drainer Filtrate pump capacity was also increased to provide more water for the larger chip pump. Also, another cone was added to the existing grit cleaners along with the upgrade of grit cleaners feed pump.

REFINER MOTOR UPGRADE

ANC purchased new rotors and stators for the primary refiner motors to increase motor capacity to 22,000 HP from 20,000 HP. To minimize down time and production losses, the primary refiner motor upgrade required utilizing the existing primary refiner motor frames, inertia blocks and motor anchor bolts. The 20,000 HP motors taken out from primary refiners were installed at secondary refiners replacing 18,000 HP motors. Therefore, there was a total increase of 4,000 HP per refiner line.

FIBRE ACCELERATORS REPLACE PRIMARY CYCLONES

The fibre accelerator (FA) is a recently designed piece of process equipment developed specifically to separate fibre from refinergenerated steam and is intended to replace the pressure cyclones most commonly used for this purpose. Refiner steam and pulp enter the FA through the top nozzle (Fig. 1) where a multi-pocketed rotating element separates the incoming steam and fibre. The fibre discharges through a nozzle located on the bottom portion of the periphery of the FA housing (not visible in this picture) while the steam discharges through the nozzle located in the center of the unit just below the inlet nozzle. The FA accelerates the fibre to enhance fibre/steam separation. As the steam and fibre flow into the FA, a pocket of the rotating element passes by the inlet nozzle and a small volume of steam and fibre enters. The “filled” pocket quickly moves past the inlet nozzle and the rotating element increases the radial velocity of the fibre and steam causing the fibre to move to the periphery of the FA housing. The outer edge of the rotating element keeps the 26

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

Table II. Brightness data for primary and secondary blow line samples Brightness

Before Project After Project Change with Pressure with Fibre (%) cyclone (%) Accelerator (%)

Primary Blow line 52.4 53.2 Secondary Blow line 53.2 54.6 Improvement in Brightness

0.80 1.40 0.60

fibre moving along the interior of the FA housing. The pocket then travels over the fibre discharge nozzle, typically leading to a pressure lock such as a plug screw feeder, where the fibre is expelled from the FA. The pressure lock prevents the steam from discharging through this opening. Once past the fibre discharge nozzle the pocket passes over the steam discharge nozzle located in the center of the FA and the steam discharges the unit at this point.

ADDITIONAL REBOILER

The mill has three lines of two-stage CD70 mainline refining, and a single-stage CD70 rejects refiner. The mill was originally equipped with a full heat recovery system including a reboiler. However, over the years subsequent TMP capacity upgrades increased the volume of refiner-generated steam and resulted in the situation whereby a significant portion of this steam was discharging to atmosphere. To address this operating inefficiency the mill elected to install a second reboiler in order to fully utilize all mainline refiner-generated steam for clean steam production. Previously, ANC had undertaken a series of operating efficiency related projects intended to recapture the fibre and thermal energy contained in targeted white water and effluent flows. With the installation of the new reboiler and the steam piping enhancements, the capacity of the ANC recovered steam system now totals approximately 85,000 kg/hour of clean steam at 240 kPa.

REJECT REFINER CAPACITY

To compliment the increased peak production on mainline refiners and retain a reasonable balance between mainline and rejects refining energy, the reject refiner peak production had to increase to 340 bdmt/d. To accomplish this, the supply system to the rejects refiner including process pumps, rejects screw press capacity, and the supply chute to the rejects refiner required upgrading and de-bottlenecking. ANC added a third screw press to the rejects system by relocating an existing Thune 45 SL screw press. The original TMP design allowed for a third rejects screw press installation. The two existing presses each have a high capacity screw allowing for a maximum production of 170 bdmt/d for each screw. The third press has a capacity of 80 bdmt/d.

MAINLINE AND REJECT SCREENING UPGRADE

The increased mainline refining capacity from 800 to 900 bdmt/d required a corresponding increase in mainline screening capacity. The passing velocity through the primary screen slots was very high (2.7 m/s). A fourth primary screen was added to reduce the passing velocity and to handle increased production. Prior to the TMP Production Project, the rejects screening pulpandpapercanada.com

PEER REVIEWED T167 system consisted of two screens configured into an R1-R2 series screening system. The passing velocities for the two screens were extremely high at 4.2 m/s for the R1 screen and 4.1 m/s for the R2 screen. The project reconfigured the rejects screens from the R1-R2 series configuration to a parallel configuration with two R1 screens again reducing passing velocity

RESULTS

Financial Although there were minor savings from such items as the reduction of bleach chemicals, the reduction of natural gas usage, and the reduction of production loss on the paper machine, the majority of the savings were based on the reduction of electrical power cost. The variable power prices in the province of Alberta (Fig. 2) presented a unique opportunity to reduce power cost at ANC by making extra pulp when power prices are comparatively cheaper and by curtailing production when power is expensive. To calculate the savings in power cost we have developed a formula to calculate “% ANC power prices” which is a ratio of the ANC daily average power price to daily average power pool price in Alberta. The daily average power pool price is a simple arithmetic mean of hourly power pool price and the ANC daily average power price is calculated as:

where DPavg = ANC Daily Average Power Price ($/MWhr) Lh = ANC average hourly load for hour h (MW) Ph = Power pool hour ending price of hour h ($/MWhr) The project target was to reduce % ANC power price to 89.1% after project implementation. The actual % ANC power price for the year following implementation was 78.4% (Fig. 3), which is much lower than our target. The very volatile power prices during that time period also helped to achieve lower % ANC power prices. To date, all the financial performance targets have been met with the exception of the reduction in natural gas usage due to lower steam generation from reboiler #1. Production Rate The project was implemented during a week-long shutdown in November 2005. The last refiner motor of 22,000 hp was installed in March 2006. The objective of the project was to increase the production from 800 bdmt/d to 900 bdmt/d. As shown in Fig. 4, the target refiner production was achieved in June 2006 and was maintained for the next three months. The peak production on reject refiner has gone up to 340 bdmt/d. The addition of third screw press has helped to improve the overall operation of the reject system. Refiner Load and Load Variability After the project implementation, as expected due to the increased production rate, the refiner motor loads went up. The load pulpandpapercanada.com

Fig.1. This is the fibre accelerator installed at ANC.

Fig. 2. Power price distribution1 in the province of Alberta. 1 The data used in the graph can be downloaded from the website of Alberta Power Pool (www.aeso.ca.)

increase observed in the secondary mainline refiners was more than twice the increase observed in primary refiner load (1.4 MW vs. 0.4 MW). This has improved slightly the % load split on secondary to 43.2% from 41.0%. We are targeting the load split above 45%. The total refiner load will go up further once we maintain consistent high production rate. The refiner load variability has improved on the primary refiners. On the secondary refiners, more work is required to reduce the variation at higher load. Fibre Carry-Over High fibre carry-over is a consequence of poor separation efficiencies of steam and fibre and represents a significant operating problem at many TMP plants employing pressurized scraper type cyclone. Prior to the installation of the fibre accelerators, the fibre carry-over problem at ANC was moderate. With the installation of the fibre accelerators the fibre carry-over has reduced significantly as shown in Table I. Prior to the fibre accelerator installation, fibre carry-over totaled approximately 8.58 kg/bdmt of production. After the installation, fibre carry-over rate fell to 3.36 kg /bdmt or an overall reduction of 61%. Primary refiner fibre carry-over rate fell from 5.47 kg/bdmt of production to 0.25 kg/bdmt of production or a 95% reduction. The average freeness of the fibre in the reboiler blow down decreased from 365 ml CSF before the fibre acceleraDecember 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

T168 ENERGY COST

Fig. 3. % ANC power prices

tor installation to 236 ml CSF after the fibre accelerator installation indicating that most the fibre carry-over is now coming from the secondary cyclones. Reduction in Pulp Brightness Loss With the fibre accelerator, the retention time of the fibre flowing from plug screw feeder supply the primary refiner to the secondary refiner pressure cyclone discharge is reduced by 15 to 20 seconds. This reduction in fibre retention time decreases the time during which the fibres are exposed to high temperature and pressure, and it was expected to reduce the subsequent loss in pulp brightness. This effect was measured by sampling the pulp from the primary and secondary blow lines before and after the shutdown of the pressure cyclones and the start up of the fibre accelerators. Brightness measurements on hand sheets produced from these pulp samples indicated a brightness gain of about 0.60 points as indicated in Table II. Pulp Quality There was no significant change in average fibre length, debris level, and pulp hand sheet properties after the project. It seems that we need to run higher blow line consistency to maintain a given freeness at higher production rates. There were issues with the refiner MPC (model predictive control) after the project due to a needed change in various coefficients. Screen Room Performance The passing velocity on the primary screens has been reduced to 2.0 m/s from 2.7 m/s after adding fourth primary screen and slightly lowering the total feed flow. The passing velocity on S1 screen reduced marginally to 1.25 m/s from 1.4 m/s. Mainline screening debris removal efficiency has increased to 70% after the project. The current debris level is around 0.40% measured by 0.004” Pulmac analyzer. After reconfiguring the reject screens into a parallel configuration and increasing the mass reject rate to 25% from 8%, the passing velocity was reduced significantly to 1.7 m/s from 4.2 m/s. We have also replaced the 0.010” slotted baskets with 0.006” wedge wire baskets and installed Ahlstrom LR rotors now running at 850 rpm. The debris removal efficiency has improved to 40% from 20%. We are still working on optimizing the rejects screening system. 28

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

Fig. 4. Mainline refiners total production rate. Table III. Energy flows entering and leaving the TMP process 3unit. Table – Energy flows entering and leaving the TMP process unit Energy Flows Into TMP Electrical Energy Refining Primary Refiners Secondary Refiner Rejects Refining Low Consistency Refining

SRE kWh/BDt 1200 900 950 50

Production t/hr 39.2 38.1 14.2 38.6

Energy Flow kW 47,080 34,260 13,458 1,931 96,729

60%

Make-up water to the TMP PM WW to TMP WW Chest Cleaner Rejects to Rejects

Flow (l/min) 10675 1121

Temp in (°C) 52 52

9,673

38,240 4,034 42,275

Clean Steam Generation Boiler Feed Water

Flow (l/min) 1417

26%

Temp in (°C) 120

11,216

Flow (t/d) 948.6

Temp in (°C) 2

126

Non Refining Eletrical Pumps, Screens, Agitators, etc.

Chips to TMP Chips in Total Energy Flows Leaving TMP Clean Steam Production Reboiler No.1 Reboiler No.2

White Water Heating PM Warm Water Tank WW Silo Heating

Flow

TMP Stock to PM's ML Accepts to PMs Reject Accepts to PMs

(l/min) 4730 4500

Steam (kg/s) 14.04 8.33

Temp (°C) 138 142

Temp in (°C) 15 52

Temp out (°C) 52 80

Flow (t/d) 647.6 277.4

Temp in (°C) 69 69

(%)

160,019

100%

38,330 22,775 61,106

38%

12,184 8,684 20,868

13%

22,677 9,714 32,391

20%

Chip Conditioning APS No.1 APS No.2 Preheaters

Steam (kg/s) 2.25 0.77 2.17

Temp (°C) 119 119 147 Total

6,083 2,072 5,941 14,096

TMP Water to Effluent Treatment Chip washing purge water PSF Pressate to Sewer Rejects Control Device To Sludge Presses

Flow (l/min) 1743 1742 323 1815

Temp in (°C) 75 53 70 32 Total

8896 6354 1543 4036 20,828

13%

10,730

160,019

100%

Other Water Vapour and radiation Losses Total

TMP Heat Recovery The TMP energy balance analysis considers the energy flows entering and leaving the TMP boundary including the TMP heat recovery system. All major process flows and energy values are derived from a detailed mass and energy balance developed for the TMP Production Project modeling TMP plant operation at a pulpandpapercanada.com

PEER REVIEWED T169 production rate of 925 bdmt/d. Table III details the major mass and energy flows entering the TMP process boundary. Electrical energy totals 66% of the total energy flow into the TMP. Refining energy including mainline primary and secondary refining, low consistency refining, and rejects refining constitutes the largest energy inflow at 60%. Remaining electrical energy inputs includes the mechanical drives for chip conditioning and conveying, pumps, screens and agitators, and so on. The next largest energy flow input into the TMP is white water make-up from the paper machine at 26%. In terms of operating performance, the TMP refiner-generated steam and white water heat recovery system now recover 80% of the combined total of the electrical energy used in the TMP process and the heat energy contained in the process water flows passing through the TMP boundary. Table III summarizes the energy flows entering and leaving the TMP process boundary.

CONCLUSION

at the various stages of the project. Above all, we missed dearly our key project team member Dave Jordan who passed away during the project. His initial work was the basis of this project. The authors Singh and Mills are also thankful to the management of Alberta Newsprint Company for allowing the publication of this paper. Resumé: En 2005, Alberta Newsprint Company a lancé un important projet en capital appelé “Projet de production PTM”, dont l’objectif est d’accroître la production de l’usine de pâte thermomécanique (PTM) et de mieux gérer ainsi les coûts d’électricité, tout en optimisant la récupération de chaleur. Dans sa configuration précédente, l’atelier de PTM offrait une capacité plus qu’adéquate pour les exigences de la production quotidienne de la machine à papier. Cependant, Alberta Newsprint opère la machine dans le cadre d’un marché de producteurs d’électricité déréglementé et applique la méthode du Moment de la Journée (MJ) pour réduire ses coûts d’électricité. Ces dernières années, la demande de pâte avait augmentée substantiellement avec l’augmentation progressive de la vitesse de la machine à papier. Cette demande plus élevée a aussi fait augmenter le temps de fonctionnement du raffineur, réduisant significativement toute flexibilité et surtout l’efficacité de la méthode Moment de la Journée. Les objectifs du Projet de production PTM étaient de désengorger le procédé de mise en pâte et d’accroître la capacité maximale de production de 800 à 900 tonnes métriques sèches/jour, et ce tout en utilisant pleinement la vapeur générée par le raffineur pour les besoins en vapeur propre et en améliorant la stabilité des opérations.

The TMP Production Project was the largest capital project undertaken in the ANC TMP area since the start-up of the mill in 1989. We have been able to achieve the production target of 900 bdmt/d on three lines of two-stage CD70 refiners. The rate of 300 bdmt/d on a CD70 refiner at a corresponding freeness of approximately 200 ml is probably the highest production rate in the industry on these refiners. The most of the project’s financial performance targets have been met and some, including the electrical power cost savings, have even been exceeded. The project has increased significantly the flexibility of time of day pulping at Alberta Newsprint Company.

Reference: SINGH, S., MILLS, C., WILD, N. Increasing Flexibility

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Keywords: TIME OF DAY PULPING, ENERGY COST, THERMOMECHANICAL, HEAT RECOVERY

The authors would like to thank all the people who were involved

for Time of Day Pulping at Alberta Newsprint Company, Pulp & Paper Canada 110 (9): T165-T169. Paper presented at the 2007 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, June 1,2007. Not to be reproduced without permission of PAPTAC. Manuscript received September 20, 2007. Revised manuscript approved for publication by the Review Panel July 23, 2009.

PAPTAC abstracts

Impact of a Kraft Mill Closure on Ambient Levels of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) in the Community By B. O’Connor

Impact de la fermeture d’une usine de pâte kraft sur les niveaux ambiants de particules (2,5) au sein de la communauté

Abstract: Ambient PM2.5 monitoring and chemical characterization was conducted in a kraft mill town during operation and

pulpandpapercanada.com

after the permanent shutdown of the mill. Analysis of the data collected during this period indicated that the mill emissions were not contributing significantly to the elevated levels of PM2.5 in the community on an hourly or a daily basis. For the 1-h data points, the range of PM2.5 concentrations for winds coming from the direction of the mill was similar before and after the mill shutdown. With regards to the composition of the ambient PM2.5, the closure of the mill did result in some minor changes. However, for the two largest PM2.5 components, comprised of sulphate and the organic fraction, the mill shutdown did not change the relative amounts, indicating that there are other significant contributing sources in the area. Paper presented at the 2008 PacWest Conference in Jasper, Alta., June 18-21, 2008. Keywords: KRAFT MILLS, AIR QUALITY, MONITORING, AMBIENT CONDITIONS, PARTICULATE EMISSIONS, SHUTDOWN, POLLUTION Full peer-reviewed manuscript available at www.paptac.ca

December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

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Polymer conformation effect on the fibre retention process — Study of blocking agent systems By O. Oulanti, B. Chabot, F. Brouillette, and C. Daneault Abstract: Bridging polymer conformation effect on retention was investigated by a sequential addition of two cationic polymers using a blocking agent system. The linear non-bridging polymers improved the bridging polymer retention efficiency at certain pre-adsorbed polymer dosages. Maximum retention levels corresponded to an optimum surface neutralization. The pre-adsorbed polymers promote an expanded bridging polymer conformation improving the retention process. Increasing the pre-adsorbed polymer dosage strongly disturbed the system and decreased the bridging polymer retention efficiency. The pre-adsorption of a branched non-bridging polymer presents a similar trend to linear polymers.

he bridging flocculation mechanism is a common process in many industrial applications such as papermaking or water treatment. This mechanism is based on the ability of a polymer to create bridges between different components of a suspension and to flocculate them [1]. Molecular characteristics of polymers, such as molecular weight and charge density, or many factors like charge surface or electrolyte concentration have an important influence on the flocculation efficiency of polymers. In papermaking, the interfibre bridging efficiency of a polymer depends strongly on the polymer conformation at interfaces [2]. The general polymer adsorption concept consists of a polymer adsorption at surface in the form of a train, loop, or tail [3]. It has already been proposed that the most suitable polymer conformation to improve flocculation is achieved when large numbers of extended loops and tails are present [4]. Previous research has shown that polymer retention efficiency decreased with time after polymer addition. This reduction was due to polymer relaxation at fibre/water interfaces [5]. Variation of polymer conformation, from an extended loop and tails to a flattened conformation decreased the presence of polymer segments in solution which can improve retention [6]. Development of polymer retention efficiency with time depended on polymer molecular characteristics. For two polymers of similar molecular weights or charge densities, the higher charge density or higher molecular weight polymer presented the highest retention efficiency with time [7]. Polymers with high charge densities or high molecular weights could induce strong molecular interactions between macromolecules at interfaces which promoted a 30

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

faster limitation of their relaxation amplitude. The study of polymer conformation at interfaces is of high importance for the interpretation of the bridging flocculation efficiency. Different techniques, such as scanning probe microscopy, ellipsometry, and small angle neutron scattering have been used to characterize experimentally the polymer conformation at interfaces [8-10]. The concept of site blocking agents is commonly used to improve the flocculation efficiency inducing an extended conformation of post-adsorbed flocculants [11]. Generally, the site blocking agent is a non-bridging polymer or nanoparticle having a charge density similar to the polymer used for the flocculation [12,13]. Swerin et al. [14] have studied the blocking effect obtained by the sequential addition of two polymers. First, a low molecular weight (LMW) and high charge density (HCD) polymer was added to neutralise some of the fibre and filler anionic sites, reducing the number of available sites for post-adsorbed polymer. Then, the adsorption of a high molecular weight (HMW) polymer with less attachment to the surface resulted in a loops and tails polymer conformation increasing the flocculation efficiency. It was suggested that the sequential addition of two cationic polymers could induce a thicker polymer layer than a single HMW polymer [15]. Stemme et al. [9] have shown that the combination of two polymers is an efficient flocculation system. This gives a thick and recharged layer even when a reduced amount of HMW polymer is adsorbed. Study of the site blocking effect on the conformation of adsorbed C-PAM (Cationic polyacrylamide) using scanning probe microscopy have shown a decrease of polymer attachment number with site blocking agent addition [16]. Moreover,

O. OULANTI Centre intégré en pâtes et papiers, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Que.

B. CHABOT Centre intégré en pâtes et papiers, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Que.

F. BROUILLETTE Chairholder — Ciba Industrial Chair on Paper Chemicals

C. DANEAULT Chairholder — Canada Research Chair on ValueAdded Papers pulpandpapercanada.com

PEER REVIEWED T171 the increase of the hydrodynamic diameter of adsorbed polymer with site blocking agents is induced by an increase in the polymer tails portion. In the present paper, we have studied the polymer retention process using blocking agent systems. Linear and branched polymers were used as blocking agents to determine their influence on the bridging polymer retention efficiency. We were also interested in determining the effect of polymer conformation on the fibre retention process. For this purpose, two retention processes were studied: direct and indirect retention.

EXPERIMENTAL

Pulp furnish A thermomechanical pulp (TMP) was provided by a local pulp and paper mill. It was sampled after the second refiner stage before the bleaching stage. Pulp freeness was approximately 320 ml CSF. The pulp was first disintegrated in a British Disintegrator in 50°C water for 5 minutes. The consistency was adjusted to 1 % with deionised water for retention trials. Polymers Polymer used as flocculants in this investigation were linear cationic polyacrylamides (C-PAM or copolymers of acrylamide and acryloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride) having a high molecular weight (HMW) and high charge density (HCD). Various coagulants of linear and branched structures characterized by a higher charge density and various molecular weights have been used as blocking agents. Linear polymers consisted of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (P-DADMAC) and polyamine (PA). The branched polymers were branched polyamines (B-PA). They were kindly provided by Ciba Specialty Chemicals. Table I presents the chemical characteristics of these polymers. To avoid hydrolysis, fresh polymer solutions were prepared daily from concentrated chemicals using distilled water at a concentration of 1 mg/ml, without any pH adjustment.

METHODS

Retention measurements The retention level was determined using a retention/drainage apparatus (Mütek DFR 04 + RET-20 Lab Module), according to Tappi Standard Method T 261 cm-94. pulpandpapercanada.com

Table I. Polymer characteristics. Polymer

Charge density (meq/g)

MW (g/mol)

CPAM P-DADMAC 1 P-DADMAC 2 PA 1 PA 2 B-PA 1 B-PA 2

3.07 5.5 5.5 7 7 7.7 7.7

HMW LMW HMW LMW HMW LMW HMW

This procedure was applied to assess the tendency of fines and fillers to flocculate or to be lost in the filtrate with the aqueous phase. The suspension was continuously stirred during filtration to simulate the shearing conditions of a paper machine. Total, fines, and filler retentions were determined from the solid contents of pulp and filtrate samples. Applying the Peak Method, which is based on light diffusion, the equipment transmitter determines the fibre content in the filtrate, for subsequent automatic calculation of total retention [17]. Direct retention Pulp fibre direct retention was studied by a sequential addition of two cationic polymers (blocking agent system) directly to the pulp suspension. Polymers adsorbed onto fibre surfaces of opposite charge induced the flocculation process. The polymer residence time in the suspension before retention measurements was 30 seconds for pre-adsorbed polymer (coagulant) and 15 seconds for subsequent flocculants. Indirect retention For these experiments, untreated fibres were mixed with fibres that had already been pre-treated with polymers using the direct retention procedure. Experimentally, we first determined the retention after polymer addition on fibres (direct retention). Then, pre-treated fibres were recovered and mixed at 1:1 weight ratio with untreated fibres (without any new addition of polymer). The indirect retention level was determined after 15 seconds of mixing. During both direct and indirect retention measurements, the pulp suspension was agitated at 500 rpm which corresponded to a shear level of approximately 2000 s-1 [18].

RESULTS

In this investigation, we first studied the effect of the pre-adsorbed polymer

on the retention process. For this purpose, we have studied the retention level according to polymer dosage for all preadsorbed polymers used in our investigation (P-DADMAC, PA, B-PA). Experiments were carried out by direct addition of pre-adsorbed polymer in the pulp suspension at several dosages. Variations in fibre surface charge with polymer dosage were also measured indirectly by means of zeta potential measurements (Mütek SZP-06 system). Figure 1 presents the effect of pre-adsorbed polymer dosage on retention levels for polymers characterized by different molecular structures, charge densities and molecular weights. Similar polymer behaviour was observed for all pre-adsorbed polymers used. We obtained a plateau retention level which remained constant against pre-adsorbed polymer dosage. Charge surface variation according to polymer dosage curves are shown in Fig. 2. P-DADMAC, which is characterized by a lower charge density compared to PA or B-PA, presented the largest gradient of fibre charge surface against polymer dosage. We also noted the increase of the gradient variation of fibre surface charge with molecular weight for similar polymers. Blocking agent system In this second part, we were interested in determining the effect of blocking agent systems on the retention process. The investigation was realized by a sequential addition of two cationic polymers to the pulp suspension and a subsequent measurement of retention. Linear and branched polymers were used as blocking agents to determine their effect on the post-adsorbed bridging polymer (C-PAM) retention efficiency. Linear polymer Linear polymers used in this study were a P-DADMAC and a PA characterised by different molecular weights. Figs. 3 and 4 present the relative retention level for the December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

T172 PAPER FORMATION

Fig. 1. Retention against added amount of pre-adsorbed polymer.

Fig. 2. Fibre surface charge against added amount of preadsorbed polymer and relative gradient variation.

Fig. 3. Direct retention: relative retention against added amount of pre-adsorbed polymer for a sequential addition of PDADMACs 1 or 2 and C-PAM at 0.5 mg/g.

Fig. 4. Direct retention: relative retention against added amount of pre-adsorbed polymer for a sequential addition of PAs 1 or 2 and C-PAM at 0.5 mg/g.

direct retention process with a sequential addition of P-DADMAC or PA at several dosages and C-PAM at fixed dosage of 0.50 mg/g. R(Q) is the retention level at added amount (Q) of pre-adsorbed polymer followed by C-PAM addition at constant dosage. R(0) is the retention level without any polymer pre-adsorption. The shape of all retention curves shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is similar. In the first part of the curve, the retention level increased against pre-adsorbed polymer dosage reaching a maximum value. A significant 32

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

reduction of retention was observed thereafter for all systems studied. We obtained the same maximum retention level for similar pre-adsorbed polymers. However, this maximum was obtained at different added amount of pre-adsorbed polymers. For pre-adsorbed P-DADMAC, the maximum retention level corresponded to 5.50 and 2.75 µeq/g of added P-DADMAC 1 and 2 respectively, while for pre-adsorbed PA 1 and 2, maximum retentions were obtained at 17.5 or 14.0 µeq/g respectively. The next step consisted of the investi-

gation of the effect of the bridging polymer dosage. Figure 5 presents the sequential addition of PA 1 at several dosages and C-PAM at 0.50 and 0.75 mg/g. The relative retention level [R(Q)/ R(0)] improves with C-PAM dosage. The maximum retention was obtained at the same added amount of pre-adsorbed polymer for both C-PAM dosages. Figures 6 and 7 present the relative retention level for a sequential addition of PA 2 or P-DADMAC 1 followed by C-PAM at 0.50 mg/g using the indirect pulpandpapercanada.com

PEER REVIEWED T173

Fig. 5. Direct retention: relative retention against added amount of pre-adsorbed polymer for a sequential addition of PA 1 and C-PAM at 0.5 or 0.75 mg/g.

Fig. 6. Direct and indirect retention: relative retention against added amount of pre-adsorbed polymer for a sequential addition of PA 2 and C-PAM.

Fig. 7. Direct and indirect retention: relative retention against added amount of pre-adsorbed polymer for a sequential addition of PDADMAC 1 and C-PAM at 0.5 mg/g.

Fig. 8. Direct retention: relative retention against added amount of pre- adsorbed polymer for a sequential addition of B-PA 1 or 2 and C-PAM at 0.5 mg/g.

retention process. The shape of each curve was similar to those obtained with the direct retention process. In both direct and indirect retention processes, the maximum retention level was obtained at the same pre-adsorbed added amount for all linear polymers studied. Branched polymer In this last part of our study, branched polymers B-PA 1 and 2, characterised by different molecular weights, were used. Curves obtained for the sequential addipulpandpapercanada.com

tion of B-PAs and C-PAM presented a similar behaviour to those obtained for linear pre-adsorbed polymers (Fig. 8). The maximum retention levels for pre-adsorbed branched polymers were obtained at 3.85 and 1.92 µeq/g of added pre-adsorbed amount of PA-1 and PA-2 respectively. Results for the sequential addition of B-PA and C-PAM showed that the maximum retention was not obtained at the same pre-adsorbed added amount with direct and indirect retention processes (Figs. 9 and 10).

DISCUSSION

The addition of pre-adsorbed linear or branched polymers to the pulp suspension gave a plateau retention level which remained constant against polymer dosages. This result indicated that pre-adsorbed polymers were in these cases non-bridging polymers unable to flocculate fibres. Behl et al. [12] have shown that site blocking additives must not be able to flocculate particles without the presence of polymeric flocculants. Measures of fibre surface charge have shown that polymer structure December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

T174 PAPER FORMATION

Fig. 9. Direct and indirect retention: relative retention against added amount of pre-adsorbed polymer for a sequential addition of B-PA 1 and C-PAM.

or molecular characteristics have an important influence on the site neutralisation of opposed charge surfaces. Retention curves corresponding to the sequential addition of linear or branched pre-adsorbed polymers followed by C-PAM using the direct retention procedure presented a similar behaviour for all systems studied. The retention increase was only attributed to the bridging polymer efficiency. Improvement of retention level was probably relative to the polymer conformation at interfaces (Fig. 11a). The pre-adsorbed polymer neutralized some adsorption sites on fibre surfaces leaving fewer attachment points for the bridging polymer. In consequence, the extended polymer conformation was promoted for the bridging polymer (Fig. 11b). The maximum retention level obtained probably corresponded to the more extended polymer conformation at interfaces. Similar maximum polymer retention levels were obtained for similar preadsorbed linear or branched polymers. Those results showed that the molecular weight of the linear or branched preadsorbed polymers have no influence on post-adsorbed polymer retention efficiency. The maximum polymer retention efficiency achieved depended strongly on the pre-adsorbed polymer. The added amount of pre-adsorbed polymer required to reach this maximum (Qm) decreases when the gradient of fibre surface charge increased for similar pre-adsorbed polymers. Then, after this maximum, adding more pre34â&#x20AC;&#x192;

PULP & PAPER CANADAâ&#x20AC;&#x192; December 2009

Fig. 10. Direct and indirect retention: relative retention against added amount of pre-adsorbed polymer for a sequential addition of B-PA 2 and C-PAM at 0.5 mg/g.

adsorbed polymer disturbed the system and deteriorated the retention efficiency of the bridging polymer. This decrease is more important when the gradient of the fibre surface charge increased for similar pre-adsorbed polymers (see Fig.Â 2). This result indicated that the decrease of polymer retention efficiency depended strongly on the fibre charge neutralisation state after pre-adsorbed polymer. In a paper mill, we usually observe that the blocking agent system improves the retention process for some furnish, whereas the same process deteriorates the retention process for another furnish compared to individual polymer addition. The difference in blocking agent system efficiency between these two cases depends on the initially available adsorption sites. The study of blocking agent systems by varying the polymer dosage has shown that the maximum retention was obtained at the same pre-adsorbed added amount (Qm) for both dosages studied. This result proves that the Qm corresponded to an optimum neutralization of adsorption sites promoting the polymer adsorption in an extended conformation. Moreover, we note the increase of the relative polymer retention level [R(Q)/ R(0)] with polymer dosage. This increase is probably induced by the fact that the increase of polymer dosage added at the same available adsorption site promotes the extension of polymer conformation at interfaces. In order to determine if the polymer conformation was indeed responsible for

the retention level improvement, we studied the indirect retention process. The interpretation of this process was based on the presence of pre-adsorbed bridging polymers in solution to improve indirect retention. The indirect retention curves present a similar trend to those obtained for direct retention process. Moreover, the results have shown that the maximum retention level for the direct and indirect retention process was obtained at the same Qm for similar linear preadsorbed polymers. This indicates that in this case for direct retention process, at the maximum retention level, the polymer has the more extended conformation which induces a maximum retention level for indirect retention. On the other hand, the maximum retention level in the direct and indirect retention process was obtained at different Qm for branched pre-adsorbed polymers. The improvement of polymer retention efficiency in the blocking agent systems is relative to polymer conformation at interfaces enhanced by preadsorbed polymer. This investigation put in evidence the importance of polymer conformation at interfaces in the retention process.

CONCLUSIONS

The application of blocking agent systems to pulp suspensions has shown an improvement of the retention process efficiency. However, this improvement was limited to certain pre-adsorbed polymer dosages or fibre surface charge neutralisapulpandpapercanada.com

PEER REVIEWED T175 tion states. The enhancement of polymer retention efficiency is induced by an increase of the extension of polymer conformation at interfaces. This result showed the importance of polymer conformation in the retention process. The maximum retention level obtained corresponded to an optimum surface charge neutralization which in turn depended strongly on the pre-adsorbed polymer. Then, after this maximum, increasing the amount of preadsorbed polymer affected the retention process negatively.

LITERATURE

1. LINDSTROM, T., Fundamental of Papermaking, Trans 9th Fund. Res. Symp, Baker, C.F., Punton, V.W. (Eds), Mech. Eng. Publ, Ltd., London, p.311 (1989). 2. PELSSERS, E.G.M., COHEN STUART, M.A., FLEER, G.J., Kinetics of Bridging Flocculation. Role of Relaxations in the Polymer Layer, J. Chem Soc Faraday Trans. 86:1355-61 (1990). 3. FLEER, G.J., COHEN STUART, M.A, SCHEUTJEANS, J.M.H.M., COSGROVE, T., VINCENT, B., Polymers at Interfaces, Chapman & Hall, London, p.502 (1993). 4. TADROS, TH.F, The Effect of Polymers on Dispersion Properties, In Tadros Th.F. (Ed), Academic Press, London, Chap. 1 (1982). 5. OULANTI, O., CHABOT, B., BROUILLETTE, F., DANEAULT, C., Relaxation Phenomenon Effect of Adsorbed Polymer at Fibre/Water Interfaces on the Pulp Fibre Retention Process, Appita J, 62(3): 201-207 (2009). 6. EINARSON, M., AKSBERG, R., ÖDBERG, L., BERG, J.C., Adsorption and Reconformation of a Series of Cationic Polyacrylamides on Charged Surfaces, Colloids Surfaces 53(1):183-191 (1991). 7. OULANTI, O., CHABOT, C., BROUILLETTE, F., DANEAULT, C., Influence of Molecular Characteristics of Cationic Polyacrylamides on the Pulp Fibre Retention Process, Nord. Pulp Paper Res. J., 24(1): 87-93 (2009). 8. BROTHERSON, B., BOTTOMLEY, L.A., LUDOVICE, P., DENG, Y., Cationic Polyacrylamide Conformation on Mica Studied by Single Molecule “Pulling” with Scanning, Macromolecules 40:4561-4567(2007). 9. STEMME, S., ODBERG, L., Layer Thickness for High Molecular Weight Cationic Polyacrylamides Adsorbed on a Surface with a Preadsorbed Polydiallyldimethylammonium Chloride, Colloids Surf. A, 157:307-313 (1999). 10. FORSMAN, W.C., LATSHAW, B.E., Conformation of Polymer Molecules at Solid-Liquid Interfaces by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering, Polym. Eng. Sci. 36: 1114-1124 (1996).

Fig. 11. (a) Schematic representation of polymer conformation influence on polymer retention efficiency; (b) Site blocking agent effect on polymer conformation. 11. BEHL, S., MOUDGIL, B.M., Control of Active Sites in Selective Flocculation I. Mathematical Model, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 161: 414-421(1993). 12. BEHL, S., MOUDGIL, B.M., Control of Active Sites in Selective Flocculation II. Role of Site Blocking Agents, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 161: 422-429 (1993). 13. ONO, H., DENG, Y., Flocculation and Retention of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate by Cationic Polymeric Microparticle Flocculants, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 188:183-192 (1997). 14. SWERIN, A., GLAD-NORDMAK, G., ÖDBERG, L., Adsorption and Flocculation in Suspensions by Two Cationic Polymers: Simultaneous and Sequential Addition, J. Pulp Paper Sci. 23(8):J389-J393 (1997).

15. SWERIN, A., ÖDBERG, L., WAGBERG, L., An Extended Model for the Estimation of Flocculation Efficiency Factors in Multicomponent Flocculant Systems, Colloids Surf. A, 113:25-38 (1996). 16. BROTHERSON, B., DENG, Y., Site Blocking Effect on the Conformation of Adsorbed Cationic Polyacrylamide on a Solid Surface, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 326:324-328 (2008). 17. SHAW, P., FLADDA, G., A Modern Approach to Retention Measurement and Control, Paper Technology 34(3):36-41 (1993). 18. D’INCAU, S., Estimates of the Rates of Strain in the Flow in the Approach System of a Paper Machine, Tappi J. 66(8):85-89 (1983).

Résumé: L’étude de l’influence de la conformation du polymère sur la rétention a été réalisée par une addition séquentielle de deux polymères cationiques en utilisant le principe d’agent de blocage. Les polymères linéaires améliorent l’efficacité de la rétention du floculant à un certain dosage de polymère pré-adsorbé. Le niveau maximum de rétention obtenu correspond à un optimum de neutralisation de surface. Le polymère pré-adsorbé favorise l’extension de la conformation du floculant améliorant le processus de la rétention. L’augmentation du dosage du polymère pré-adsorbé perturbe fortement le système et diminue l’efficacité de rétention du polymère. La pré-adsorption d’un polymère branché sur le floculant est similaire à celui des polymères linéaires. Reference: OULANTI, O., CHABOT, B., BROUILLETTE, F. DANEAULT, C. Polymer confor-

mation effect on the fibre retention process — Study of blocking agent systems. Pulp & Paper Canada 110(9):T170-T175 (Dec. 2009). Paper presented at the PAPTAC 95th Annual Meeting in Montreal, Que., Canada, February 3-4, 2009. Not to be reproduced without permission of PAPTAC. Manuscript received August 01, 2008. Revised manuscript approved for publication by the Review Panel April 15, 2009.

Keywords: FIBRE RETENTION PROCESS, RETENTION AGENT, BLOCKING AGENT SYS-

TEM, PAPER FORMATION, POLYMER INTERFACIAL CONFORMATION, SITE BLOCKING AGENT, POLYMER RETENTION EFFICIENCY

letters editor TO THE

cindy@pulpandpapercanada.com pulpandpapercanada.com

December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

TECHNOLOGY NEWS

Impingement dryer starts up successfully at Steinbeis Papier The rebuild of paper machine PM 4, including a Metsosupplied OptiDry Vertical impingement dryer, has been successfully started up at Steinbeis Papier Glückstadt GmbH & Co. KG in Germany. Metso’s rebuild delivery included an OptiDry Vertical impingement dryer with a ropeless tail threading system. The new dryer gives additional drying capacity to increase the production capacity by 15% and the machine speed by 175 m/min. The OptiDry Vertical is a rebuild concept to add drying capacity in the dryer section, thus enabling a production and speed increase without additional dryer cylinders. The unit can be installed in an existing dryer section without increasing the machine length, and with a minimal

Good things come in small packages. To inquire about advertising in Pulp & Paper Canada contact

rebuild of the current dryer. The Steinbeis Papier 4.6-meter-wide PM 4 produces magazine papers for heat set web offset printing and multi-functional papers for office use, all from 100% recovered paper, with a grammage range of 57–90 g/m2. Metso Pulp & Paper 514-380-2418, www.metso.com

Jim Bussiere 800-268-7742, ext 3606 or 416-442-5600, ext 3606 Fax: 416-510-5140

Equipment

Dryer surface cleaner removes contaminants with minimal effort

Kadant Web Systems has unveiled a product designed for cleaning the surface of paper dryers. The Dryer Cleaner device fits into conventional doctor blade holders and incorporates application-specific cleaning pads for cleaning and polishing the surface of paper drying cylinders. The Dryer Cleaner device removes dryer surface contaminates such as dirt and scale that can lead to sheet quality defects and sheet breaks. In addition, removing contamination buildup improves heat transfer consistency across the dryer surface offering improved surface temperature uniformity in the cross-machine direction. According to Mohan Jayaraman, R&D manager at Kadant Web Systems, “The Dryer Cleaner device allows buildup to be removed without special release coatings. And because the device is easily inserted into the existing doctor system, it is a cost-effective method for maintaining clean dryer surfaces with minimal effort.” Kadant Canada, www.kadant.com

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

pulpandpapercanada.com

Professional Connections Careers

Equipment

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December 2009 PULP & PAPER CANADA

TECHNOLOGY NEWS Sensor film extends roll life, improves quality During tough economic times it is tempting to reduce quality control to cut costs. However, Dolph Beyer, an engineer with Mohawk Fine Papers, asserts that doing so is actually

Pressurex is placed on the roller at Mohawk Fine Papers before closing the nip.

Pressurex reveals variations in nip contact pressure that can be easily quantified.

Quick, precise felt permeability testing

Cristini Group’s PermFlow is able to detect the water permeability and temperature of press fabrics with great precision. A sampling speed of 256 samples per second makes PermFlow more than 2.5 times faster than competitive products, which provides the best resolution when conducting FFT barring analysis, according to the manufacturer. The unit’s high resolution OLED color display indicates not only permeability profiles and trends, but also FFT barring analysis and 3D permeability profiles. PermFlow is a suitable tool to help reduce the energy consumption and chemical usage on paper machines, and to correctly plan felt changes. Cristini Group, www.cristini.com

PULP & PAPER CANADA December 2009

counterproductive. He has determined using Pressurex pressure indicating sensor film as a quality control tool actually decreases costs while significantly improving product quality. “By taking nip impressions with pressure indicating film every couple of weeks we have extended roll life by a few months in many cases,” says Beyer. “This quality control measure not only lowers costs for the replacement of these covers, but also minimizes equipment downtime.” Pressurex film reveals pressure from 2 - 43,200 PSI (0.14 - 3,000 kg/cm2). When placed between contacting rollers, the sensor film instantaneously and permanently changes color directly proportional to the actual pressure applied. Precise pressure magnitude is then easily determined by comparing color variation results to a color correlation chart. Mohawk Fine Papers uses Pressurex to take static nip impressions on their press section and dynamic nip impressions on their calendars. Dynamic nip impressions are inspected for uniformity and static nip impressions for uniformity and nip pressure. Image results of Pressurex are archived and used as a control to compare tools and processes. Pressure indicating sensor film is cited by Beyer as being especially helpful with calendar rolls, which are swim rolls that have mechanisms to allow the center of the rollers to exert a different level of pressure. “Similar to crown rolls, swim rolls need to be carefully monitored to ensure even and exacting pressure is being applied to achieve optimum nip conditions,” says Beyer. “We use the film to create just the right nip and improve the roll shape and crown to deliver better sheet uniformity.” Variations in pressure that lead to defects in papermaking, converting and printing can be quickly and accurately detected and corrected — improving yield, decreasing scrap, and increasing productivity. Sensor Products Inc. 973-884-1755, www.sensorprod.com/sample

Pressurex reveals nip pressure magnitude and distribution.

Wireless monitoring pairs with energy management software

Cypress Envirosystems and Invensys Operations Management have formed a technology alliance to ensure seamless interoperability between Cypress Envirosystems’ wireless monitoring and control solutions and a wide range of Wonderware® software solutions, including the corporate energy management application. The alliance with Invensys includes Cypress Envirosystems’ Wireless Gauge Reader, the Wireless Steam Trap Monitor, the Wireless Transducer Reader and the Wireless Pneumatic Thermostat. The energy management application checks consumption and demand at main and sub meters operating a wide range of power generation methods, including power, water, gas, air and steam. Alarms detect when demand limits are exceeded with visualization of alarms provided by InTouch software. This application also connects directly to meters through automation systems and building information networks, as well as accepts manual entry. Invensys Operations Management, iom.invensys.com. pulpandpapercanada.com

If you use steam to dry paper, you need to read this.

The dryer section consumes more than 75% of the steam energy on a typical paper machine. In 2008, Kadant Johnson identified more than $10 million of energy savings opportunities around the globe. In addition to the energy saving benefits, the dryer performance evaluations identified opportunities for improving operating efficiency, runnability, and machine productivity. With more than 1,000 dryer studies completed to date, Kadant leads the industry with its drying process and application expertise. Put Kadantâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s years of experience and process knowledge to work for you. Visit us online at www.kadant.com/dryer or contact your local Kadant Regional Sales Manager to schedule a dryer performance evaluation today. www.kadant.com

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