Electricity by Gerardo LAZARO

Electricity

Science ‐ Lower 5th Grade St. George's College November, 2008 1

Brainstorming: What is Electricity?

Lower 5th A ‐ Electricity Name

Oral Intervention

Coin

Chocolate

Joaquin Mariano A. Victoria Melanie Alejandro Jose Fabrizio Joshua Edinson Hector Daniela Humberto Kymberly Alexandra Enzo Ariana Martin Mariano R. Stheffany Ana Caroline Bruno Rodrigo Sandra Maria Laura

Brainstorming: What is similar between Sound and Light?

Lower 5th B ‐ Electricity Name

Oral Intervention

Coin

Chocolate

Carlos Anais Miguel Mariana Christopher Adriana Santiago Felipe Sol Gabriela Alexandra Valeria J. Eduardo Giosue Valeria P. Henry Alessio Sebastian Isabel Karen Erick Camila Bryan Jimena Arturo Maria Fernanda Diana Daniel Jesus Paola

Objectives • Define Static Electricity. • Recognize the interaction between objects that are electrically charged. • Explain what causes an Electric Field. • Recognize and describe the similarities and differences between a series and parallel circuit. • Recognize the physical properties of matter, including conduction. • Describe the importance of the conversion of energy to other forms of energy.

Note: Most of the objectives will be covered in class, however the student must be responsible for those objectives not covered or concluded.

Vocabulary Charge: a measure of the extra positive or negative particles that an object has. Static Electricity: an electric charge that stay on an object. Electric Field: the space around an object in which electric forces occur. Electric Current: a flow of electric charges. Circuit: a path that is made for an electric current. Electric Cell: a device that supplies energy to move charges through a circuit. Conductor: a material that electric current can pass through easily. Insulator: a material that current cannot pass through easily. Resistor: a material that resists the flow of current but doesn't stop it. Series Circuit: a circuit that has only one path for current. Parallel Circuit: a circuit that has more than one path along which current can travel.

Note: Most of the vocabulary words will be covered in class, however the student must be responsible for those words not covered or concluded.

Lesson 1: What is Static Electricity?

Static Electricity • Matter in an object normally has equal numbers of positive and negative particles. It is neutral. • Rubbing two objects together, however, can move negative particles from one object to the other. • Charge is a measure of the extra positive or negative particles that an object has. • The charge that stays on an object is called static electricity. Static means "not moving".

Separating Charges • You can separate the negative and positive charges of many objects by rubbing them together. • Rubbing pulls negative charges off one object onto the other.

Electric Forces • The push or pull between objects with different charges is an electric force. • An electric force causes two objects with opposite charges to attract, or pull, each other. • An electric force causes two objects with like charges to repel, or push away from, each other. • The space where electric forces occur around an ibject is called an electric field.

Lesson 2: What is an Electric Current?

Electric Currents • A flow of electric charges is called an electric current. Current is measured in amperes. • A path that is made for an electric current is called a circuit. • A battery is an electric cell, which supplies energy to move charges through a circuit. The energy a battery can provide is measured in volts.

Controlling Current • A circuit with a battery, bulb, and wires contains different matter such as copper and plastic. You can classify these materials by the way they control the flow of charges through them. • A conductor is a material that current can pass through easily. Most metals are good conductors of electric current. • A material that current cannot pass through easily is called an insulator. • A switch uses conductors and insulators to make and break a circuit. • When the switch is on, two conductors touch. When they touch, the path is complete. The current flows through the circuit. • When the switch is off, air separates the two conductors, breaking the path. No current can flow. • Some materials cut down, or resist, the flow of charges, such material is called a resistor.

Identify the images.

Series Circuit • A circuit that has only one path for the current is called a series circuit.

• What happens if you remove one bulb or a bulb burns out? The single path is broken. • No current moves through the circuit. As a result, the second bulb will go out.

Parallel Circuit • A parallel circuit has more than one path for current to travel. • Part of the current moves through each part of the circuit. • What happens when a light bulb is removed from the circuit? • The current still moves through the other path. The second bulb stays lit.