IMIESA February 2019 by 3S Media

www.infrastructurene.ws

IMESA The official magazine of the Institute of Municipal Engineering of Southern Africa

infrastructure development • Maintenance • service delivery

INDUSTRY INSIGHT Driven by a desire to make a difference Clifford Makoloane

Entsika Consulting, Director

Roads & Bridges

A focus on pedestrian and vehicle safety

SEM

Start Earning More

Environmental Engineering

Gabions and soil mechanics ISSN 0257 1978

Geotechnical Reinstatement with resin

V o l u m e 4 4 N o . 2 • F e b r u a r y 2 0 1 9 • R 5 0 . 0 0 ( i n c l . VAT )

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volume 44 no. 2 February 2019 www.infrastructurene.ws

INSIDE

IMESA The official magazine of the Institute of Municipal Engineering of Southern Africa

INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT • MAINTENANCE • SERVICE DELIVERY

INDUSTRY INSIGHT

SEM

Driven by a desire to make a difference Clifford Makoloane

Start Earning More

Entsika Consulting, Director

Roads & Bridges

A focus on pedestrian and vehicle safety

Environmental Engineering

Gabions and soil mechanics ISSN 0257 1978

Geotechnical Reinstatement with resin

V o l u m e 4 4 N o . 2 • F e b r u a r y 2 0 1 9 • R 5 0 . 0 0 ( i n c l . VAT )

Barry Fang, business manager for Barloworld SEM, discusses the success of the SEM brand in South Africa and expansion plans for 2019. These will be backed by a progressively expanding dealer network, comprehensive after-sales support and flexible financing solutions. P6

Editor’s comment

President’s comment

Index to advertisers

INDUSTRY INSIGHT

Delivering to the bottom line

Driven by desire to make a difference

Geotechnical Engineering Complex piling at Point Promenade 28 Reinstatement with resin

Founding a new sports hub

Environmental Engineering Gabions and soil mechanics

Preventing water hammer

Top trends in smart metering

Water & Wastewater Technologies to meet the sewage challenge

Maintaining water quality

Technical Paper: Advancing surface water flow measurement with low-cost smart sensors 44

Cement & Concrete Building without limits

Roads & Bridges

Exploring new coating techniques

Mogale City’s child road safety challenge

Combatting sulfate attacks

The perfect interlock

Rapid strength gains

Panel Discussion AfriSam

Twinstar Precast

Road Material Stabilisers

Transport, Logistics, Vehicles & Equipment

Kansai Plascon

Lighting up your site

Affordable finance for SMMEs

Funding an equitable network Geotechnical Engineering Complex piling at Point Promenade

Industry Insight

8 56

Cover Story

The quest for excellence is constant, as is the need for intensified human resource development to meet South Africa’s socio-economic objectives. Entsika director Clifford Makoloane talks about their multi-faced solutions, commitment to business ethics and dedication to corporate social responsibility.

Meters, Pumps & Valves

Regulars

Africa round-up

ROADS & BRIDGES Mogale City’s child road safety challenge

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Gabions and soil mechanics

CEMENT & CONCRETE Building without limits

Providing smart solutions for the responsible management of the world’s most valuable resource… water

LEADERS IN SMART WATER MANAGEMENT www.utility-systems.co.za +27 (0) 31 700 4143 enquiries@utility-systems.co.za

EDITOR’S COMMENT Publisher Elizabeth Shorten MANAGING EDITOR Alastair Currie SENIOR JOURNALIST Danielle Petterson JOURNALIST Liesl Frankson Head OF DESIGN Beren Bauermeister Chief SUB-EDITOR Tristan Snijders SUB-EDITOR Morgan Carter ContributorS Fahad Aziz, Jessica Fell, Randeer Kasserchun, Darren Oxlee, Justin Pead, Kevin Winter CLIENT SERVICES & PRODUCTION MANAGER Antois-Leigh Botma Production COORDINATOR Jacqueline Modise financial Director Andrew Lobban DISTRIBUTION MANAGER Nomsa Masina Distribution coordinator Asha Pursotham SUBSCRIPTIONS subs@3smedia.co.za Printers United Litho Johannesburg +27 (0)11 402 0571 ___________________________________________________

Keeping our roads safe

he solution to improved road safety in South Africa requires a change in driver behaviour, together with a concerted education drive aimed at current and future road users. This needs to be combined with optimally engineered solutions and best-in-class law enforcement. The focus has to begin at school level. Ideally, preparation here, backed by funding, will ensure that every eligible high school leaver is equipped to enter the job market with a driver’s licence, either for private or commercial use. Obtaining a driver’s licence is a major milestone in everyone’s life and, once attained, it opens up so many possibilities. There are some positive developments on the driver education front. According to the Minister of Transport’s Festive Season 2018 Road Safety Report, released on 16 January 2019, the roll-out of the road safety curriculum at basic education level is under way and the curriculum has been finalised, which is excellent news.

Advertising Sales Jenny Miller Tel: +27 (0)11 467 6223 Email: jennymiller@lantic.net ___________________________________________________

Publisher 46 Milkyway Avenue, Frankenwald, 2090 PO Box 92026, Norwood 2117 Tel: +27 (0)11 233 2600 Fax: +27 (0)11 234 7274/5 www.3smedia.co.za Annual subscription: R600.00 (INCL VAT) ISSN 0257 1978 IMIESA, Inst.MUNIC. ENG. S. AFR. © Copyright 2019. All rights reserved. ___________________________________________________ IMESA CONTACTS HEAD OFFICE: Manager: Ingrid Botton P.O. Box 2190, Westville, 3630 Tel: +27 (0)31 266 3263 Fax: +27 (0)31 266 5094 Email: admin@imesa.org.za Website: www.imesa.org.za BORDER Secretary: Celeste Vosloo Tel: +27 (0)43 705 2433 Fax: +27 (0)43 743 5266 Email: celestev@buffalocity.gov.za

Pathways to safety

EASTERN CAPE Secretary: Susan Canestra Tel: +27 (0)41 585 4142 ext. 7 Fax: +27 (0)41 585 1066 Email: imesaec@imesa.org.za

To ensure the safety of all road users, we must have clearly defined paths for vehicles, cyclists and pedestrians. One of the most effective ways to achieve this is to design and install dedicated lanes and strategically positioned safety crash barriers, together with the correct and current road markings and signage. The effectiveness of these systems needs to be adequately tested and their installations regularly subjected to safety audits. This ensures that existing systems remain compliant. Aside from compliance, though, is the need to ensure that road users obey the rules of the road, and that’s vital from both a road safety and financial perspective. The economic loss

KWAZULU-NATAL Secretary: Ingrid Botton Tel: +27 (0)31 266 3263 Fax:+27 (0)31 266 5094 Email: imesakzn@imesa.org.za NORTHERN PROVINCES Secretary: Rona Fourie Tel: +27 (0)82 742 6364 Fax: +27 (0)86 634 5644 Email: np@imesa.org.za SOUTHERN CAPE KAROO Secretary: Henrietta Olivier Tel: +27 (0)79 390 7536 Fax: +27 (0)86 629 7490 Email: imesasck@imesa.org.za WESTERN CAPE Secretary: Michelle Ackerman Tel: +27 (0)21 444 7114 Email: imesawc@imesa.org.za FREE STATE & NORTHERN CAPE Secretary: Wilma Van Der Walt Tel: +27 (0)83 457 4362 Fax: +27 (0)86 628 0468 Email: imesafsnc@imesa.org.za All material herein IMIESA is copyright protected and may not be reproduced either in whole or in part without the prior written permission of the publisher. The views of the authors do not necessarily reflect those of the Institute of Municipal Engineering of Southern Africa or the publishers.

caused by traffic accidents in South Africa runs into the billions annually, accounting for around 3.5% of GDP. Poor driving is a growing worldwide concern. The recent World Health Organization Global Status Report on Road Safety states that annual traffic fatalities now stand at around 1.35 million. Some 300 000 of these casualties occur on the African continent, according to a statement from the African Transport Policy Programme, an international partnership hosted by the World Bank. Major contributing factors to fatalities in South Africa are alcohol consumption and not wearing seatbelts. Pedestrians are particularly exposed, followed by cyclists and motorcyclists. To correct this pattern, professional driver standards must become the norm. This is underscored by the fact that human error accounts for some 90% of fatal crashes. Education and re-education, especially for offenders, is vital and the proposed Aarto Act (No. 46 of 1998) demerit point system is a key enabler. We need to act now: the number of registered vehicles on our roads is estimated at approximately 12.5 million and there are currently more than 13 million licensed drivers. These numbers will continue to grow as the economy rebounds.

Alastair To our avid readers, check out what we are talking about on our website, Facebook page or follow us on Twitter and have your say.

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Infrastructure News

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Cover opportunity

In each issue, IMIESA offers advertisers the opportunity to get to the front of the line by placing a company, product or service on the front cover of the journal. Buying this position will afford the advertiser the cover story and maximum exposure. For more information on cover bookings, contact Jenny Miller on +27 (0)11 467 6223.

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Road trian A focus on pedes safety and vehicle

Environmental Engineering nics soil mecha

Gabions and

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IMIESA February 2019

President’s comment

IMESA

Conquering municipal challenges 2019 will be a watershed year for South Africa as we head for another General Election and celebrate the 25th birthday of our new democracy.

he theme for IMESA’s 83rd conference and expo, being held between 2 and 4 October 2019 at the Durban International Convention Centre, is ‘Conquering municipal challenges’. We normally host this annual event towards the end of October, so please make a note in your diaries that it is taking place earlier this year, which will also be welcome news for those celebrating Diwali on 27 October. Despite severe economic constraints during 2018, our 82nd conference, held in Port Elizabeth, turned out to be a great success, exceeding our initial expectations. Some 903 delegates attended and close to 70 companies booked exhibition slots, including Nelson Mandela Bay Metro itself. The business climate, although subdued, has shown improvement and local and international economists are increasingly optimistic about South Africa’s GDP outlook. This is being further supported by our government’s commitment to infrastructure development, alongside SMME and job creation initiatives. Post-election outcomes will result in far greater policy certainty, which will have a direct, positive impact on attracting foreign investment. We believe these factors will make the 83rd conference one of our best to date, with up to 1 000 delegates and approximately 80 exhibitors anticipated. As head of the conference’s local organising committee, it’s my mandate to achieve this. Please contact Debbie Anderson at IMESA (Tel: +27 (0)31 266 3263 / email: conference@imesa.org.za) for all sponsorship and exhibition enquiries. Stand bookings are open from mid-February 2019 onwards and we expect rapid uptake.

Revised paper categories To ensure we’re aligned with South Africa’s NDP objectives, we continue to refine our speaker programme and categories to reflect the goals of national, provincial and local government. The deadline for conference paper abstracts closes on 26 February 2019. Abstracts should be submitted for consideration in one of six categories, namely: - Building, Structures and Housing - Ecological, Environmental and Social - Financial, Legal and Regulatory

- Electrical and Electronic - Water and Sanitation - Transport, Roads and Stormwater. The Electrical and Electronics and Building, Structures and Housing themes are new categories. We’re excited about this, as they’re critical components within the infrastructure mix. They also represent an intentional shift away from what was potentially a civil engineering bias in the past. Municipal engineers and managers must have an all-round understanding of the built environment disciplines, together with their myriad forms of allied services. General managers also need to have a working understanding of finance, law and IT. Advances in electronics are rapidly refining the smart city concept; this needs to be factored into our current and future ICT architecture. ICT also has a direct impact on how municipalities will budget and collect revenue streams, such as water, effluent and electricity. Growth in renewable energy is also inevitable and will influence how industries and communities shift a part of their consumption off the grid.

Salga

Randeer Kasserchun, IMESA president

As in 2018, this year’s conference is endorsed by the South African Local Government Association (Salga), which we acknowledge as a strategic partner. IMESA is in the process of revising the strategic partnership agreement with Salga and looks forward to maximising synergies and leveraging opportunities. The major emphasis is on training, mentorship and skills transfer. Let’s pool our experiences and the lessons we’ve learnt to build sustainable and enabling infrastructure.

IMIESA February 2019

Cover story

Delivering to the bottom line IMIESA speaks to Barry Fang, business manager for Barloworld SEM, about the success of the SEM brand in South Africa and expansion plans for 2019. These will be backed by a progressively expanding dealer network, comprehensive after-sales support and flexible financing solutions.

he recent bauma CHINA 2018 expo in Shanghai served as an ideal platform for SEM to launch three new models to a broad spectrum of local and international delegates. The models comprise the SEM 8 tonne 680D wheel loader, the SEM 822D track-type tractor, and the SEM 918 motor grader. These will join the growing SEM machine population in South Africa during 2019, where the 60-year-old Chinese OEM is represented by Barloworld SEM. “When SEM launched in South Africa back in 2008, it was a virtually unknown brand, but one with a long and proud history in its home market. Today, SEM remains one of the market leaders for wheel loaders in China,” Fang explains. “Following Caterpillar Inc.’s acquisition of a 100% stake in the OEM during 2008, SEM has also been on an international expansion drive, with a niche focus on developing regions like Africa and Asia, where value for money is a prime consideration. However, given the premium quality of the brand, strong interest and uptake is also anticipated from more developed markets.” During 2017, Barloworld SEM was established as a stand-alone division forming part of

IMIESA February 2019

Barloworld Equipment, the Cat earthmoving and power systems dealer for Southern Africa. SEM market segments targeted include agriculture, municipal services, construction, materials handling, quarrying, mining and general industry. “Construction and mining have been two of the hardest hit sectors in South Africa during the current economic downturn,” says Fang. “The increased competition for work has inevitably resulted in price cutting and narrow margins, and this has had a knock-on effect when it comes to procurement. Customers looking for alternative earthmoving brands have found SEM to be a quality and affordably priced product that delivers.”

Sustained growth Fang explains: “This is underscored by the fact that, since 2008, we’ve seen sustained year-onyear growth in machine sales in South Africa. First-time SEM customers are repeat buyers. We’ve also broadened our customer base thanks to SEM’s ongoing R&D programmes,

Basie (left) and Jannie Smith. HM Plant Hire acquired its first SEM machine in 2010 and continues to add new models as part of its ongoing fleet modernisation programme, the most recent being a latest-generation SEM 656D wheel loader. HM has been appointed as a second-level SEM dealer

which are constantly adding new models and machine classes to the line-up. The new product roll-outs announced at bauma CHINA 2018 are a case in point. So, customers with mixed fleet requirements have more options and reasons to invest in SEM.” SEM, which originally started out as a wheel loader manufacturer, now also produces the 918 and the latest-generation 919 motor graders, track-type tractors, and the 510 (10 tonne) and 518 (18 tonne) soil compactors. A comprehensive range of work tools is also available. A quick coupler pallet fork is available on all wheel loader models. SEM’s Qingzhou factory complex is a high-tech facility and the largest Caterpillar manufacturing

Approximately 12 000 SEM wheel loaders will be assembled at the Qingzhou factory during 2019

centre in China in terms of land size. Qingzhou is fully equipped to manufacture and assemble all machines in-house, end-to-end, which – along with SEM products – include the Cat 950 GC wheel loader. Qingzhou also supplies components, like wheel loader buckets and axles, to other Caterpillar factories based in China. During 2019, Qingzhou plans to produce approximately 12 000 SEM units, of which around 2 000 will be exported, in addition to some 6 000 Cat 950 GC units – a number of which will be shipped to countries that include South Africa and the USA.

Best-in-class owning experience Within South Africa, SEM dealer parts inventories are supported by Caterpillar’s Johannesburg Distribution Centre, which also caters for Cat dealers within the broader African region. Barloworld SEM currently has 17 dedicated SEM dealers. “We continue to refine our after-sales model to ensure that our expanding dealer network is equipped to provide class-leading service. This includes our own dealerships in main centres, the head office branch being Barloworld SEM Isando, as well as second-level dealers in towns across South Africa,” says Fang. “Parts sales to end-users at all SEM branches are supported by an overnight courier service. This is supported by an e-commerce parts ordering system. Customer satisfaction is a critical part of our success and central to all Barloworld SEM operations.” Going into 2019, one of Barloworld SEM’s strategies is to support the growth of niche multi-brand dealerships in response to customer demand. This will include the sale and servicing of allied Cat machinery, such as the Cat 320GC excavator, small compactors like the Cat CB14,

About SEM A leading Chinese OEM since 1958, SEM has a well-established presence in the global earthmoving segment and was acquired by Caterpillar Inc. as a wholly owned subsidiary in 2008. Prior to this acquisition, SEM traded as Shandong Engineering Machinery Co. Ltd. The company was subsequently renamed Caterpillar (Qingzhou) Ltd (CQL) in 2014. To further enhance the brand, Caterpillar approved the endorsement ‘SEM - A Caterpillar Brand’ in 2016. All units are manufactured at the Qingzhou facility in China. Globally, SEM now has an extensive distribution network and products are sold and supported via Cat dealer principal-owned SEM channels. This operates separately from Cat earthmoving and power systems dealers, which, in the case of Southern Africa, is Barloworld Equipment, Barloworld SEM’s sister company. backhoe loaders, skid steers and generators. An agreement has also been concluded to supply FAW trucks via Barloworld SEM dealerships. “Our 2019 offering will include a mix of new, used and rental machines. We will also be offering highly competitive financing via Caterpillar Financial Inc., as well as through Standard Bank, with a key focus on SMMEs. Major markets we plan to support include road construction, which is a pressing priority,” adds Fang.

The Barloworld SEM leadership team (L to R): Barry Fang, business manager; Riccardo Letchman, dealer development; Candice Munien, marketing and administration; and Ewan Bradley, national key accounts

“Alongside product excellence, we understand how important service delivery is and that remains our primary objective during 2019. We want every SEM owner to become a repeat buyer, so we’re committed to ensuring this through the ongoing technical training of our dealer and customer personnel, plus refinements to our sales and service systems,” he continues. “At the beginning of 2018, we set a new industry benchmark when we introduced a threeyear or 6 000-hour warranty on our SEM 919 grader, which underscores our confidence in SEM machine availability,” he expands. “During 2019, we plan to add further value through initiatives that include extended, one-year, unlimited-hour warranties on all models. “With SEM, customers have a value proposition that helps them win and stay in business,” Fang concludes.

www.barloworld-sem.com

The new SEM 918 motor grader unveiled at bauma CHINA 2018

IMIESA February 2019

INFRASTRUCTURE NEWS

FROM AROUND THE CONTINENT

Sub-Saharan Africa 40 new renewable energy projects Hundreds of thousands of people in sub-Saharan Africa will get access to electricity for the first time thanks to an extra £100 million (R1.7 billion) in funding from the UK government. The new investment triples funds for the Renewable Energy Performance Platform (REPP), to support up to 40 more renewable energy projects over the next five years. The new funding could unlock an extra £156 million (R2.75 billion) of private finance into renewable energy markets in Africa by 2023. Developers of small-scale solar, wind, hydro and geothermal projects will be supported to harness each country’s natural resources, and the electricity generated is expected to provide 2.4 million people a year with new or improved access to clean energy. Power produced from new projects funded is expected to save around three million tonnes of carbon over their lifetime, compared with fossil

fuel generation – equivalent to the emissions from burning 21 000 railway cars of coal or from 800 000 cars in a year. The funding is part of the UK’s commitment to invest £5.8 billion (R102.3 billion) in international climate finance by 2020 to encourage ambitious action from other governments, the private sector and communities in the global effort to tackle climate change.

Ethiopia New deadline for GERD According to new reports, the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) project should be completed in 2022 – several years behind schedule. Launched in April 2011, construction of the dam was expected to be completed in 2017; however, change in design delayed the project, pushing out the completion deadline. While the design change resulted in an increase in generation capacity, it also delayed the electromechanical works. During a project meeting held in Addis Ababa, project manager Kifle Horo noted that an additional four

The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam will take another four years to complete

IMIESA February 2019

years will be needed to complete construction of the US$4.8 billion (R65.8 billion) dam being built along the Nile River. Once complete, the 6.45 GW dam will be the largest hydroelectric power plant in Africa and the seventh largest in the world.

Kenya Ambitious electrification strategy Kenya has launched an ambitious plan to achieve universal access to electricity for all Kenyans by 2022. The Kenya National Electrification Strategy (KNES) will deploy geospatial technology to develop a mechanism that provides objective planning data for electric service provision. The strategy has already identified least-cost options for bringing electricity to households and businesses throughout the country. KNES recognises the key role played by off-grid options, mini-grids and stand-alone solar systems that complement grid extension and intensification. Above all, it highlights the crucial role that the private

sector will need to play in providing off-grid solutions for Kenyan homes, businesses and community service centres in remote parts of the country. Alongside KNES, the government also launched the Electricity Sector Investment Prospectus, which presents the investment opportunities in the energy sector over the next five years, valued at around $14.8 billion (R202.8 billion). The prospectus will help investors and financiers to identify suitable project opportunities in power generation, transmission, distribution, offgrid electrification, mini-grids and solar systems for homes and institutions.

Liberia Economic development through roads The Liberia Southeastern Corridor Road Asset Management Project (Secramp) is expected to support efforts to enhance road connectivity and improve institutional capacity to manage the road sector. Building on output and performance-based road

A total of projects in sub-Saharan Africa are already receiving support from REPP

Kenya’s Ganta-Zwedru Road Corridor will be upgraded through a 15-year publicprivate partnership

small Tunisian municipalities will receive improved sanitation

Kenya is prioritising off-grid, mini-grid and stand-alone solar systems

contracts, Secramp will incorporate a special purpose vehicle for the improvement and maintenance of a minimum of 100 km of the Ganta-Zwedru Road Corridor through a 15-year concession public-private partnership contract. US$29 million (R397.4 million) credit financing from the International Development Association will be used to fund the project, while a further $48 million (R657.8 million) payment guarantee will leverage an additional $60 million (R822.2 million) from the private sector. Secramp supports the Liberian government’s Pro-Poor Agenda for Prosperity and Development through the development of road infrastructure to support the economic transformation necessary to sustain growth and reduce poverty. About 471 000 project beneficiaries, including residents, businesses, and transport service companies, along the rehabilitated corridor will experience substantial cost reductions, shorter transport times, and all-year access to

services and markets. The project will also generate local employment for unskilled labourers and provide on-thejob training opportunities for construction workers. In addition, the Ministry of Public Works and Infrastructure Implementation Unit will benefit from the project interventions through capacity building, support and institutional reform activities.

Rwanda Scaling up WASH investment Rwanda’s Sustainable Water Supply and Sanitation Programme has received €115 million (R1.8 billion) additional funding support, enabling access to improved, reliable and sustainable water supply services for

1.5 million people. The new financing from the African Development Bank will scale up the country’s largest water and sanitation sector investment programme, building on an initial US$121 million (R1.67 billion) loan and $50 million (R685 million) Africa Growing Together Fund loan for the project in 2017. The funding will cover strategic cities and address water and sanitation challenges in areas with a low access rate of 45% − far below the national average of 85%.

Tunisia Sanitation for small municipalities Nearly 200 000 inhabitants of small municipalities in Tunisia will benefit from significant environmental improvements thanks to a €150 million (R2.34 billion) loan granted to the National Office for Sanitation

Tunisia’s small municipalities will receive 24 new wastewater treatment plants

(ONAS). The loan will be directed towards a sanitation programme for small municipalities with fewer than 10 000 inhabitants, which is aligned with the strategies of institutions in both the water and sanitation sectors. The programme will include the construction of 24 new wastewater treatment plants and 30 new pumping stations, as well as the expansion of sanitation network systems by 862 km. These projects will promote better conditions of health, hygiene, environment and economic development, alleviating environmental pollution and health risks linked to the current low level of sanitation services. It will also increase the amount of treated wastewater by 7.71 million m3 per year, thus raising the availability of useable water in the area. Incorporating a capacity building component for ONAS, the programme will help Tunisia to sustain the management of its sanitation systems and support private sector participation in infrastructure. The programme will contribute to a new dynamic of development and investment, a source of employment for young people in priority regions.

IMIESA IMIESAFebruary August 2017 2019

industry insight

Driven by a desire to make a difference

The quest for excellence is constant, as is the need for intensified human resource development to meet South Africa’s socioeconomic objectives. IMIESA speaks to Clifford Makoloane, Director of Entsika, about the company’s multifaced solutions, commitment to business ethics and dedication to corporate social responsibility.

he journey began in 2009 when Entsika, a black-owned and managed firm, was established by a range of professionals across a broad spectrum of disciplines. These encompass Consulting, Internal Audit, Engineering and Construction, Training and Skills Development, IT and Asset Management. The business, in all areas, serves the Southern African region. From inception, Entsika has managed and delivered on large turnaround projects, clean audit programmes, and process improvement initiatives. The asset and infrastructure management side of the business is undergoing

IMIESA February 2019

rapid expansion, with a niche focus on the water, wastewater and power sectors. Recent contracts include the completion of a threeyear nationwide project for the Department of Public Works (DPW) in meeting specified Blue and Green Drop targets. “We believe in qualified and competent staff. Our team is a multidisciplinary blend of accountants, engineers, MBAs and IT specialists with extensive local and international experience, and with a proven track record. Our academic disciplines give us the ability to bring financially sound and innovative solutions to the table,” explains Makoloane, adding that Entsika’s focus on a flat management structure encourages selfmanaged teams that freely communicate in a non-silo environment. “This strategy isn’t limited to executives and managers. Every employee is trained and empowered to feedback information critical to our business success.” “Quality assurance is defined, measured and achieved, and it begins and ends with knowledge sharing, both internally and externally. We believe that’s a critical approach that enables sustainable skills transfer, especially within the municipal infrastructure environment,” he continues.

Clifford Makoloane, Entsika Director

Engineering and Construction Entsika’s Consulting Division focuses on improving organisational performance and efficiency, analysing business processes and creating solutions that help companies meet their goals. That’s especially important when providing direction on organisational repositioning and the identification of change catalysts that lower overhead costs and maximise output. Central to Entsika’s future growth strategy is the expansion of its Construction, Engineering and Asset Management divisions, all of which are headed up by Makoloane. Entsika is currently graded as a 6MEPE, 5EPPE, 6CEPE, and 1GBPE contractor in terms of the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) system. The goal is to move up the ranks to a 9-level grading, which is the highest grade, enabling contactors to bid on projects above and beyond R180 million. “We would like to be among the leaders within the industry in both the private and public sectors, through various business opportunities and partnerships, so that we are able to expand more within the municipalities and mining sectors, to name a few. We are excited about

Entsika capabilities INTERNAL AUDIT Entsika works with its clients’ audit committee, chief audit executives and process owners to review their internal audit function against the Institute of Internal Audit (IIA) standards. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Entsika is well-positioned to assist clients within the rapidly changing world of IT and information management. Entsika achieves this by reengineering structures and processes. ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION Entsika’s Engineering and Construction Division provides a wide range of mechanical, electrical, instrumentation, civil engineering and construction services.

expanding our roads business, plus we’ve also identified excellent opportunities in the water and wastewater sector for pipeline construction, monitoring and leak detection, as well as the construction of reservoirs and associated works, like pump stations as well as water and wastewater treatment plants,” Makoloane explains. Entsika’s Engineering and Construction services include:

• The supply, installation, construction and commissioning of mechanical, electrical, instrumentation and civil engineering services • Civil works, which includes the construction, upgrading and rehabilitation of roads, stormwater infrastructure, bridge construction, mass earthworks and geotechnical surveys • Re-engineering and refurbishment

INVESTING IN TECHNICAL EXCELLENCE Entisika’s success hinges on its people. The company employs more than 60 field-proven experts in the Maintenance and Engineering Division that comprise of mechanical, electrical and civil engineers, as well as qualified artisans. In conjunction with TVET colleges, its training programmes train, develop and qualify a growing pool of fitter and turners, electricians, and instrumentation specialists, supported by semi-skilled and assistant workers who are being mentored to grow into any one of these fields.

Entsika membership and accreditations:

Partnering with:

ENTERPRISE TRAINING & SKILLS DEVELOPMENT Entsika provides seamless and integrated solutions to meet its clients’ specific training and skills development needs. Training areas covered: • Finance • Project management • Supply chain management • Health and safety • Life skills • Communication • Employee management Entsika is accredited with: - TETA - Services SETA - Accounting Technicians South Africa ASSET MANAGEMENT O&M solutions include: • Asset maintenance planning and scheduling of preventative and corrective maintenance tasks • Asset maintenance execution in terms of servicing, repairs and refurbishment of mechanical, electrical and instrumentation equipment and machinery, including facilities maintenance • Asset maintenance spare parts and inventory management • Development of asset maintenance strategies and plans • Refurbishment of equipment and machinery, such as pumps, motors, valves and gearboxes • Performance monitoring and reporting • Safety management

IMIESA February 2019

ENTSIKA FOUNDATION Through the Entsika Foundation, the group is committed to rebuilding and developing South African society and making a long-lasting impact. These initiatives include community development by providing mentorship programmes and supporting young people to become great leaders. This entails: • The education of children with disabilities • Providing school uniforms to disadvantaged learners • Youth development through awarding of bursaries and mentorship programmes • Building schools in previously disadvantaged areas • Providing food security for child-headed families and the impoverished in rural areas and townships

of equipment, machiner y and facilities • Project management services, including feasibility studies, project scoping, planning and scheduling, as well as material procurement and quality management.

Asset Management: Service Level Agreements Alongside this is a major focus on growing the asset management side of the business, both for private and public sector clients through operations and maintenance contracts. “We believe that efficient asset maintenance execution is the key to effective service delivery and essential to the smooth running of the South African economy,” says Makoloane. Key focus areas cover preventative, corrective and predictive based maintenance planning and implementation, which includes condition monitoring; developing and maintaining asset registers; and the identification and budgeting of spare parts and inventory. “We provide a comprehensive, fullservice package to asset owners to fully or partly outsource the maintenance of their assets, without compromising on quality, safety, health and environment of the assets and or plant,” he continues. Key public clients include ERWAT, which is responsible for wastewater treatment within the City of Ekurhuleni. Entsika currently has a service level agreement (SLA) with

IMIESA February 2019

ERWAT. This entails the servicing, maintenance and repair of over 200 pump stations within the metro, which currently serves close to four million inhabitants. Other key clients include leading water boards like Rand Water and the DPW to name a few. Entsika is also concluding SLAs with key OEMs that include Xylem, a leading US-based multinational. In terms of the Xylem agreement, Entsika installs and ser vices the OEM’s submersible and centrifugal pump systems for both public and private sector clients in the water and wastewater segments. As Makoloane points out, having a trusted installation supplier is critical for any OEM’s success. “The Fourth Industrial Revolution is with us and with it a rate of unprecedented change. The technology available now and in the future will take our engineering, asset management and allied ser vices like IT into new frontiers of possibility and efficiency, be it virtual reality or advanced robotics. At ever y stage, we will ensure that we’re ready to deliver. It’s the Entsika way,” Makoloane concludes.

+27 (0)12 348 2307 www.entsika.co.za

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Roads & Bridges

Mogale City’s Child Road Safety Challenge

Approximately 20% of all South African road fatalities involve children. In response to this shocking statistic, the South African Road Federation, together with partners, is implementing a programme to prioritise road safety at schools in Mogale City, Gauteng. 14

IMIESA February 2019

186 000 Globally, individuals under the age of 18 account for more than 186 000 road traffic deaths annually

he South African Road Federation (SARF) has received roughly R3.5 million in funding from Fondation Botnar for a road safety project in Mogale City Local Municipality. The funding forms part the Botnar Child Road Safety Challenge, established by the Swiss Fondation Botnar, managed by the Global Road Safety Partnership based in Geneva. The challenge is designed to fund projects that address locally relevant road safety problems with practical, innovative and evidence-based interventions in six priority countries: India, Mexico, Romania, South Africa, Tunisia and Vietnam. The projects funded by the Botnar Child Road Safety Challenge must address locally relevant child road safety problems with practical, innovative and evidence-based interventions. The challenge focuses on implementation and goes beyond onedimensional practices to undertake comprehensive interventions including infrastructure remediation, speed reduction, road safety education, law enforcement and data management.

Addressing South Africa’s challenge

Over the 30-month period from 1 January 2015 to 30 June 2017, there were over 100 road crash fatalities in Mogale City. In response to this, SARF applied for funding from the Botnar Child Road Safety Challenge early last year and has partnered with Mogale City Local Municipality and 3M South Africa to prioritise and implement road safety interventions in the city in order to address the safety of children around schools. The two-year project will evaluate the 89 schools in Mogale City and their surrounding infrastructure, identifying ways in which SARF can make it safer for learners to get to and from school, explains Basil Jonsson, operations director, SARF. “We have to evaluate a surrounding radius of roughly 1 km because some children cross major roads in order to get to school, and we need to look at all of the infrastructure, signage and road markings in these areas,” he explains. There will be 10 school precincts targeted for road safety interventions and education, with before and after studies to monitor the impact of the project.

The methodology SARF has proposed a composite risk indicator, which will be developed to highlight the schools and areas with the highest road safe¬ty risk for children. “This means that the decision on which schools to target is not an ad hoc or uninformed choice, but one based on a methodical assessment of risk,” explains Jonsson. This assessment will take into account quantitative measures (number of learners, age of the children, income levels, mode of transport, traffic volume, etc.), qualitative measures (level of road safety awareness at

100

road crash fatalities in Mogale City over the 30-month period from 1 January 2015 to 30 June 2017

20%

Project objectives 1. Identify and prioritise the school precincts with the highest road safety risks for children, using a multicriteria assessment model. 2. Identify and prioritise measures to mitigate the road safety risks of children at schools with the highest risk rating. 3. The implementation of the mitigating measures that will have the greatest impact on reducing the road safety risks of children, including road safety education at affected schools. 4. Transfer of knowledge through evaluating the impact of measures implemented on road safety of children at schools and documenting the implementation methodology to enable the replication of the model in other cities.

a school) and spatial measures (proximity of schools to major roads and shebeens, location of crashes, population density, land use, proximity to other schools, etc.) This methodology has been developed and will be applied to all of Mogale City, from which a priority list of schools will be identified. Working closely with the municipality, SARF will assist in implementing infrastructure measures to mitigate the road safety risks at these schools and measure its impact. SARF and 3M will also work together with the Gauteng Department of Education in order to deliver a Road Safety Education programme to the schools. “This implementation methodology will be documented to ultimately enable the replication of the model in other cities, ensuring safer road environments for children on a broader scale,” concludes Jonsson.

www.sarf.org.za

of all road fatalities nationally in South Africa involve children

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Every day, over children and adolescents are killed or seriously injured on the world’s roads

What makes is even more disturbing is that so many of these young people are involved in traffic crashes on their way to and from school

We owe it to our kids – and to their families and loved ones – to do everything we can to stop these tragedies IMIESA February 2019

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Panel Discussion | Roads

AfriSam Nithia Pillay | National Product Technical Manager: Construction Materials What is AfriSam’s strategic outlook for roads in 2019? NP Our focus is to provide contractors and other customers with quality products and value-added services to ensure the successful and on-time completion of their projects. By actively mapping quarry rock type and quality, blasted material is expertly paired with appropriate applications. Roadstone is supplied according to the specific grading, shape and wearing properties required for asphalt and road surfacing applications. Material is supplied for layer works, such as the base and sub-base materials that provide the interlocking support structure in road design, with the different categories of graded material catering for varying load designs. One of AfriSam’s key advantages is our ability to provide our customers with a multiproduct solution, technical support and the ability to produce highspec/non-standard products as required. We work closely with the contractors in the road construction space and are not only able to provide aggregates, but also cement and readymix concrete for ancillary road infrastructure such as culverts, pavements and bridges.

characteristics of concrete and this is relevant to concrete road and bridge structures. The durability index tests that are being designed and applied to concrete and civil infrastructure are based on key parameters that allow the structure’s design life to be predicted and prolonged. We are the leaders in durability index testing and have a detailed understanding of how constituent materials and site practices (compacting and curing) impact on the durability and performance of concrete. AfriSam’s laboratory at its Centre of Product Excellence is set up to perform durability index testing, which is available as a service to the construction industry on a commercial basis.

What product solutions does AfriSam offer when it comes to the repair and maintenance of concrete structures?

As a supplier to the roads and bridges industry, what is your viewpoint on product quality?

AfriSam has a dedicated product technical team that works closely with its customers and project engineers to design and test specialised concrete mix designs according to the specific repair work required. AfriSam has conducted much research into the durability

AfriSam strives to produce the highest-performing construction materials. Our focus is on quality control and the ongoing monitoring of our products’ performance. This means ongoing process control and quality control testing of products and constituents, during which test results are closely

monitored for deviations beyond preset tolerances. We analyse results to identify trends, so that action can be taken timeously and products can be continuously improved. Among the quality control facilities are the plant laboratories at AfriSam’s cement, aggregate and readymix operations around the country. These laboratories are all ISO 9001 certified, ensuring that cement, readymix concrete and aggregate are fully compliant with the relevant specifications and customer requirements. AfriSam conducts both internal and external SANAS-accredited testing of its products so that an independent view is also available to confirm compliance. ISO 9001 encourages continuous improvement through the implementation of nationally sourced best practice. Consistent product quality becomes a reality when processes and results are transparent and open to constructive feedback – an AfriSam reality.

Concerning research and development, what innovations do you

bring to the roads and bridges industry? By investing in the expertise and systems that sustain quality products, AfriSam is also well positioned to conduct and coordinate valuable research into the properties of cements, supplementary cementitious materials, aggregates and concrete. These research projects are initiated and rolled out in collaboration with customers, universities and other bodies. Research projects that are currently under way include a longterm assessment of the effects of highly corrosive environments on concretes made with differing proportions and types of raw materials. Results from these tests feed into dedicated computer software that allows architects and contractors to specify the appropriate grade of concrete to suit their project’s environmental conditions. Proactive monitoring, while part of AfriSam’s quality control function, also forms an important part of the company’s product development cycle, giving it the scientific and experiential basis to constantly develop new innovations to its extensive range of offerings.

IMIESA February 2019

YOUR PRECAST CONCRETE SPECIALIST

082 552 1915 012 670 9083 info@twinstar.co.za www.twinstar.co.za Hunky Dory Business Park, Olifantsfontein, Gauteng

Are those precast concrete products which are specified on your construction plans giving you sleepless nights because you just canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t find a supplier? We aim to solve precast problems specifically in the Civil Construction & Building environment at affordable prices in a very short time. 25 years of experience make it possible to provide expert advice and Twinstar Precast will manufacture any Precast Concrete products to your design and need.

We specialize in the manufacture of precast concrete products which are not already available on the market, even once - off items.

Panel Discussion | Roads

Twinstar Precast Annemerie Hilhorst | Director What need does Twinstar Precast fill in the market? AH The emphasis in the concrete pipe and manhole market is typically on high volumes, and the time to design and build moulds for non-standard products disrupts the production line. Manufacturing once-off products is time-consuming, often requires additional skills and supervision, and is not profitable for these companies. We established Twinstar Precast after identifying this gap in the market for precast custom products and onceoff items.

How do you assist contractors with their bespoke precast product needs? Working with concrete requires special knowledge and skills and not all contractors have the necessary manpower and facilities to manufacture these kinds of products onsite. With an aim to address precast problems in the civil construction environment in an affordable and timely manner, we will manufacture any precast concrete product to your design and need. We typically manufacture precast concrete products that are not already available on the market, as well as onceoff items, and can produce products ranging in weight from 20 kg up to 6 tonnes. We manufacture most of our own moulds, and offer a mould manufacturing service in steel, fibre glass or polyurethane, depending on the weight and design of your concrete product. We are solutions driven, and with 25 years of experience in concrete and the precast

industry, we understand that every site has its own challenges and needs, and each project has unique problems and requirements. We can assist with those nonstandard products to finish your contract no matter the size, quantity or complexity.

What products do you supply to the roads industry? We manufacture square concrete manholes and manhole slabs, in various heights and sizes, according to customersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; needs, as well as polymer manholes, stormwater grids and lids. We also offer standard stormwater channels and kerb inlet slabs and frames,

including precast v-drains and taper chute channels, as well as junction box slabs in any shape and size, field inlet slabs and grid inlets.

Tell us about your new polymer products. The risk of theft of steel and cast-iron components continues to rise. As a result, we recently began to manufacture polymer products, which contain no metal components. By eliminating metal, with our polymer manhole lids and frames, as well as stormwater gratings, we reduce thefts and, therefore, the safety risk associated with open manholes, as well as the cost implications of replacing manhole covers.

We offer both medium- and heavy-duty solutions with our polymer products, in line with the SANS 1882:2003 specification, and these components can be bought as loose items or cast into the required precast concrete slabs.

IMIESA February 2019

The Road ASSET Program is an innovative empowerment program developed by Road Material Stabilisers (RMS) in association with the South African Foundation for empowerment Training & Innovation (SAFETI). Based on our proven labour intensive cold asphalt technology - LBS Asphalt, the Road ASSET Program is a structured training & mentoring program designed to teach unskilled women & youth from the townships to both manufacture and apply an asphalt that conforms to both TRH8 & COLTO speciﬁcations.

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Panel Discussion | Roads

Road Material Stabilisers Mike Kershaw | Marketing & Training Manager Road Material Stabilisers (RMS) is involved in revitalising township economies through road infrastructure. Please tell us about this initiative. MK The deteriorating state of many secondary roads, particularly in townships, is an ever-increasing challenge for local municipalities. However, this challenge also presents an ideal opportunity for unemployed women and youth to play a valuable role in aiding municipal road repair teams to tackle damaged township roads and fast-track service delivery. With this in mind, RMS – together with our sister company, the South African Foundation for Empowerment Training & Innovation (SAFETI) – has developed the Road ASSET Program, which is an innovative initiative aimed at revitalising township economies by training township residents to manufacture asphalt as well as repair and improve their road infrastructure.

How does this programme align with government’s vision? The Road ASSET Program has been deliberately structured in line with the president’s vision of creating

decent sustainable jobs and revitalising township economies. The programme’s key objective is to enable emerging contractors or military veterans, in association with women and youth from local communities, to establish township-based, turnkey business enterprises focusing primarily on improving internal township road infrastructure network.

How does RMS promote labourintensive construction? We have developed a labourintensive cold asphalt technology, specifically designed as an empowerment tool for an unskilled labour force. For the very first time, unskilled township residents can be taught to manufacture a quality cold asphalt premix that meets the necessary design criteria for a fine or medium continuously graded asphalt, as defined by both COLTO and TRH8, making it truly unique. Our LBS Asphalt system can be effectively applied wherever road surfacing is required, irrespective of location, empowering even the remotest of communities with no prior skills. The uniquely high labour component value – on average around 20%

– aims to ensure that money earned in the township stays in the township, creating an immediate positive impact on poverty alleviation.The system also has a particular focus on the empowerment of women and the youth, and is capable of facilitating up to an 80% woman labour component.

How do you ensure cost-effectiveness? The LBS filler only represents around 19% of the final asphalt mix, allowing for the bitumen and aggregates (81%) to be sourced locally. By removing unnecessary transportation costs, we can offer a significant cost advantage over premix bagged cold asphalt. A government-sponsored feasibility study concluded that, of the various surfacing options available, including hot mix asphalt, paving blocks and Cape seal, both LBS Asphalt and Cape seal options can be considered the most economically feasible over a 25-year life cycle.

How does RMS contribute to skills development and training? What makes the Road ASSET Program truly stand out is the emphasis on training and skills development. As an accredited skills development company specialising in civils construction, SAFETI has worked tirelessly with RMS to put together a comprehensive training and mentoring programme. By providing a fresh

and innovative approach to SAQA-accredited courses, covering both technical and entrepreneurial training, the programme not only ensures that valuable skills are genuinely transferred but also establishes an all-important foundation for sustainable employment.

What is the future for RMS and LBS Asphalt technology? LBS Asphalt technology has been used by numerous municipalities and roads authorities across South Africa since 2004 and is recognised as a proven, labour-intensive road surfacing technology. However, our real growth lies in how we assist government in achieving its transformation objectives and help to stimulate growth in township economies. Our ultimate objective is to create a platform for real community empowerment by stimulating the creation of new jobs, and convert these into sustainable businesses. This offers tangible benefits for municipal roads authorities, adding real value by assisting with road programmes and fast-tracking service delivery. In the true spirit of transformation, authorities can now – instead of using external providers – begin to procure quality goods and services in the township, for the township, and by the township.

IMIESA February 2019

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© Kansai Plascon (Pty) Ltd. 2018. All rights reserved. No part of this work may in any form or by any means be reproduced without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. Plascon is the registered trademark of Kansai Plascon (Pty) Ltd.

Panel Discussion | Roads

Kansai Plascon Rolf Redelinghuys | Market Manager How has Kansai Plascon designed its road marking paint to lead the way in safety, visibility and durability?

performance and durability for municipal, rural and national road infrastructure throughout Southern Africa.

RR Kansai Plascon strives to make all aspects of life better, including the lives of commuters, which is why we offer a range of products specially designed for roads. Our complete solution is suitable for asphalt and bitumen roads as well as airport runways, brick and concrete surfaces. Kansai Plascon’s world-class research and development laboratories have been developing road marking products suitable for African conditions since the early 1970s. Through our cooperation with the SABS, we have developed markings products that comply with specifications and bear the SANS 731 mark of approval. We have also recently developed new water-based, low VOC and lead-free technologies together with our international partners, which provide superior performance with low risk levels to people and the environment. After all, our philosophy of ‘Designed for life’ includes people’s safety too.

Why should municipalities and road contractors make use of your solutions?

Are your road marking paints suited to both national and municipal roads? Kansai Plascon manufactures a comprehensive range of road marking products that provide

For a long time, road surface markings have not performed adequately in metros and municipalities. In fact, the majority of South Africa’s nonnational roads do not comply with safety standards when it comes to road markings. With the introduction of highperformance, water-based, high-build, cold cure and thermoplastic products over the past few years, the durability and visual luminance of road marking products has improved significantly, while the cost of demarcations has decreased. With our products, roads authorities can be sure that their markings will meet the necessary standards and specifications to ensure safer roads.

interlocking bricks, filling the space where the conventional products previously failed.

What road products are included in your range? We offer a complete solution, including: • T P solvent-based marking paints with the SANS 731 class 1 approval •W TP water-based marking paints with the SANS 731 class 2 approval •B TP concrete and interlocking brick marking paints •U TP water based ultra-highperformance marking paints •S TP high-performance cold cure screed • T TP high-performance thermoplastic marking paints.

Where can municipalities and contractors purchase your products? Our products can be purchased directly from Kansai Plascon or through our network of approved industrial distributors located throughout South Africa.

Do you offer a technical advice service for potential infrastructure construction buyers? As the market leader in road marking products in South and Southern Africa, Kansai Plascon has a team of highly experienced technical service consultants operating countrywide who know the market and can provide high-level technical service and training to all of our clients.

In addition to national and provincial roads, what other applications would be relevant to the public sector infrastructure and construction market? Besides the markings of bitumen road surfaces, Kansai Plascon manufactures specialised marking paints for concrete and

IMIESA February 2019

CRASH TESTED SOLUTIONS

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South Africa’s road death-toll in both 2016 and 2017 was over 14 000 people - of which 38% were pedestrians. This alarming problem needs to be addressed urgently before this number rises. Deltabloc SA’s involvement with projects has provided knowledge of global current practice and products that are saving pedestrians’ lives. These innovations can make South African roads a much safer place for pedestrians and cyclists. SIDEWALK RISKS

Typical sidewalks in South Africa, provide little to no protection for pedestrians and cyclists using them. In South Africa many vehicles deliberately and effortlessly ride up SABS approved kerbs.

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Guardrail with a working width of W6 is used in most cases to protect pedestrians using sidewalks. This poses a threat especially if used with a kerb. Extensive tests have proven that a 2 Ton vehicle is likely to “ramp” the kerb, clear the guardrail and hit luckless pedestrians on the other side.

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Roads & Bridges

Funding an equitable network The controversy around e-tolls in Gauteng is a prime example of how public attention is being diver ted away from the real issues of road funding in South Africa.

oads and allied infrastructure are vital for a thriving economy and require a range of mechanisms to maintain and grow current and future transport networks. To work safely and effectively, this requires an integrated approach. “Governments across the world obtain funds for roads through general taxation, road user levies and charges, including the fuel levy and other taxes. South Africa is no exception,” says Saied Solomons, president of the South African Road Federation (SARF). “But, locally, we’ve missed an opportunity to build understanding about the role every stakeholder must play to ensure an efficient and sustainable income source for our roads. “Those who are up in arms about e-tolls should rather consider lobbying for an alternative to the fuel levy. If any road tax is not fair or equitable, it is the fuel levy,” Solomons continues. He argues that the poor pay the same rate of tax as the rich and those who who can afford newer, more fuel-efficient vehicles are paying less than poorer people driving older cars for the same distance travelled. In his view, the fuel levy is also not transparent – the rate per litre can be established, but calculating trip cost is not easy. Plus, it cannot be used as a tool to manage congestion during peak periods and does not consider road damage caused by the mass of a vehicle. With the expected increase in electric vehicles in the future, the fuel levy is also not sustainable. “Many people are paying more road use tax with the fuel levy than what their comparative fair share of road use demands,” he asserts. “They are also paying in personal time due to congestion and increased vehicle operating costs. Compared to international standards, the

demands on our roads are too high versus the available funding for maintenance and expansion of the network.” Around two-thirds of South Africa’s population now live in urban areas: the Gauteng population alone is rapidly soaring beyond the 14 million mark, according to StatsSA. The number of vehicles people own has also doubled since 1994 and nearly 40% of these vehicle owners live in Gauteng.

Proposed new funding approach Solomons explains that South Africa needs a completely new approach to road funding based on paying per the mass of the vehicle and distance travelled. This should involve a tariff-setting mechanism that influences behaviour and helps manage road capacity.

Urbanisation: 2 /3 now live in cities

SA road network: 750 000 km 10th largest globally 158 124 km paved

SA population: 56 million Growing at 1.1% pa

“Public sentiment will be far easier to manage if we have a road use charging system that is cost-effective, efficient, sustainable, equitable, transparent and well administered. After all, the user-pay principle is already part of our everyday lives – we pay for lights, water, parking, etc.,” he points out. “Through SARF’s par ticipation in the Transpor t Forum during 2019, we are hoping to unpack the critical issues and benefits of a user-pay principle and what this will mean for all stakeholders. We want to stimulate a more objective public debate on road funding and the roles and responsibilities required to build, maintain and develop a road network that is safe, efficient and cost-effective for all users,” Solomons concludes.

Road fatalities: 14 050 in 2017

Traffic congestion SA: 7th globally

Vehicles in SA: 12.4 million Growing at 2.4% pa

The state of South Africa’s roads shows a steady rise in road use and urban congestion, compounded by a concerning increase in traffic fatalities

IMIESA February 2019

Geotechnical Engineering

Stefanutti Stocks Coastal is constructing the Point Promenade for Durban Point Development Company – a collaboration between eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality and UEM Sunrise, a Malaysian parastatal. The geotechnical and piling contract was subcontracted to Stefanutti Stocks Geotechnical.

Complex piling at Point Promenade

he 700 m long promenade is being constructed on reclaimed land on the beachfront. Its lower level will house public amenities, a watersports club and public parking. The upper level will be a continuation of the public walkway going from Moyo’s Pier to the Northern Breakwater (harbour). Works commenced in mid-Januar y last year and the programme duration is eighteen months. The piling on which the structure is founded commenced in March 2018 and now largely completed. “To meet the project timelines, we split the construction into two phases – commencing from the centre of the

IMIESA February 2019

promenade outwards, with each direction running concurrently,” says Sheldon Randall, Stefanutti Stocks Coastal’s project manager for the Point Promenade. “This project encompasses almost ever y civil engineering discipline, combined with high-end architectural building work.”

Ground conditions and water table As the construction area is a reclaimed beach area with a high number of weak pockets, approximately 6 m deep. The shallow water table, at 2 m deep, affected approximately 70% of the sewer trench and culverts, and a variety of other obstructions hindered the piling process.

Piling The most feasible founding solution identified to accommodate the loads of the promenade structure was the Continuous Flight Auger (CFA) type pile. Due to the existing sandy soils, and the absence of bedrock, the piles were designed as shaft friction piles only. A total of 1 055 CFA piles (including 250 mm x 250 mm, 426 mm x 450 mm and 379 mm x 600 mm piles) were installed, as well as 221 mm x 130 mm diameter self-drilling anchor type micro-piles. “The highly variable ground conditions (different to the initial soil investigation) required additional extensive soil investigation and resulted in the piles needing to be individually designed,” says Marcin Szatkowski, site agent, Stefanutti Stocks Geotechnical. “As the site is located on reclaimed land, bad pockets, boulders and rubble were encountered and led to the refusal of some CFA piles. Due to adverse in-situ ground conditions, we introduced self-drilling anchor type micro-piles.”

Geotechnical Engineering

Foundations: Levels 1 and 2 The foundations consist of pile caps and ground beams. The pilecaps are suppor ted by two 600 mm diameter CFA piles, which accommodate the large column loads. The ground beams are suppor ted by 450 mm diameter CFA piles, which accommodate the slab loads of Level 1. The structural system for the Level 1 slab is a 230 mm thick, suspended, reinforced concrete slab, with ground beams to reduce the spans and provide lateral bracing to the pile caps. Due to the length of the structure, expansion joints were included in the slab. “The structural system was chosen due to the low bearing capacity and cohesion-less, free-running sands, which are constantly affected by the fluctuating water table,” explains Randall. The formwork was achieved by cement stabilising and compacting in-situ material for the slab construction.

The structural system for the Level 2 slab is a 320 mm thick post-tensioned slab (bonded system) with column heads and was chosen for practical, aesthetic and economic purposes. The posttensioned slab allows for large cantilevers; the columns are spaced at approximately 12 000 mm, centre-to-centre, and planter boxes will be in fixed positions over the columns. Expansion joints are also included in this slab.

Promenade shore protection A structure comprising of sheet piling was chosen for the shore protection of the promenade. The sheeting follows the cur ves of the front end of the structure and was chosen because of its construction methodology, environmental conditions, soil proper ties, the water table, and the scour and erosion depths. The sheet piling has been driven to three different depths to accommodate for the

three different erosion levels identified in a Coastal Processes Report by PRDW Consulting Port and Coastal Engineers.

Erosion/shore protection The sheet piling for the erosion and shore protection (under taken by Stefanutti Stocks Coastal) is divided into ten zones, and comprises 433 piles, var ying in lengths of 5 m, 10 m or 11 m. Zones three to six have the shortest piles. “The interest among the media and public has been astonishing – it seems as if all of Durban (including the site team) is looking for ward to enjoying these facilities once we have completed them,” says Randall. “Stefanutti Stocks couldn’t have asked for a better opportunity to showcase our skills set. The promenade is a future Durban landmark and an iconic structure in an area that is steeped in histor y. My team is extremely proud of this project.”

The shape of the deck, which is curved in an intricate eyebrow shape, adds a beautiful aesthetic touch to the promenade

IMIESA February 2019

Before

Uretek Slab Lifting

After

Uretek Slab Lifting

URETEK Geo-Systems (SA) (Pty) Ltd specializes in industrial, commercial and residential applications as well as the rehabilitation of roads and highways through advanced technology characterized by superior chemistry, inventive technique, and extensive experience. URETEK Deep Injection patented technology employs high density expanding structural polymers to stabilize soils at depth and increase their bearing capacity. Once the soils at depth are addressed, then the foundations, Foor slabs or road pavements are realigned or raised as needed. Most importantly, URETEK Slab Lifting Method returns your road pavement sytems and concrete foor slabs to their original design with a stronger subbase and improved soil structure. Regardless of whether your problem is routine or complex, URETEK can draw from extensive resources to develop the best solutions for your needs. URETEK loves a challenge and an opportunity to be innovative. info@uretek.co.za

URETEK 011 238 7154 www.uretek.co.za

Geotechnical Engineering

Reinstatement with resin Two recent projects demonstrate the effectiveness of Uretek’s slab lifting and deep injection technologies in countering subsidence failures.

leader in ground engineering, Uretek Geo-Systems (SA) has gained extensive experience in remediating the foundations of a wide range of structures, from concrete airport aprons to multistorey buildings. “Uretek’s pioneering solution increases the load-bearing capacity of the subsoil and is a revolutionary technology,” explains Antonio Pappalardo, director, Uretek Geo-Systems (SA). “The treatment involves injecting the ground with specially formulated resins to achieve permanent consolidation of the foundation soil below any concrete built structure. Our confidence in the system is underscored by the fact that Uretek provides a material warranty of 10 years.” The resin is injected via pipes inserted through 14 mm diameter holes spaced in a grid pattern at 1.2 m intervals. As it expands, the resin immediately starts to improve the soil’s geomechanical properties, increasing the shear resistance by filling in any macroscopic spaces present. Expansion is naturally greater in the direction in which the resin encounters least resistance, which is where the foundation soil is weakest. An expansion

Around 18 tonnes of resin was injected during Uretek’s project in Cameroon

force of up to 10 000 kPa (100 kg/cm2) can be achieved, depending on requirements. The resin injections continue until the overlying structure begins to lift, as verified through continuous laser measurements. “This confirms the point at which the load bearing achieved at the treated point is now greater than the static load,” Pappalardo explains.

Cameroon hotel During January 2019, Uretek completed a classic deep injection project to reinstate the foundations at the 11-storey Djeuga Palace Hotel in Douala, Cameroon. This was built ahead of the July 2019 Africa Cup of Nations soccer tournament, due to be hosted by Cameroon, but now moved to Egypt. The original design recommended a piled foundation to counter the underlying in situ granular soils. However, due to project completion time constraints, the decision was made to build directly on a concrete slab foundation. As a consequence, subsidence soon started to occur below the whole structure. Uretek Worldwide, based in Finland, was approached to provide a quick and costeffective solution and Uretek Geo-Systems (SA) was subsequently awarded the contract. This was completed in 10 days. Three

different resin types were used. Below the column bases and ground beams, a slow gel time resin was injected at a depth of 3.2 m. This resin has the ability to permeate the granular soil and cover a greater distance before reacting, thereby forming a solid material base. A faster-reacting resin was injected at 2.5 m, exhibiting greater expansive force. The third resin used is specifically designed for under-floor applications and has a reduced expansive force. A lift of between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm was recorded.

Industrial slab project Back in South Africa, Uretek recently completed a slab reinstatement project at Den Braven’s warehouse in Randburg, Gauteng. Extensive flooding caused a 60 m2 floor section to subside by between 15 mm and 20 mm. Uretek carried out a dynamic cone penetration test, which revealed a weak layer in the soil directly below the floor slabs to a depth of 400 mm. Uretek’s patented slab lifting technology was implemented. “In less than three hours, the floor was brought to its original level within a 3 mm tolerance. It’s an excellent example of the precision and speed of our ground engineering techniques,” Pappalardo concludes.

Djeuga Palace Hotel undergoing final finishes

ABOVE Resin injection operations in progress at Den Braven’s Randburg warehouse BELOW Den Braven warehouse: extensive flooding caused a 60 m2 floor section to subside by between 15 mm and 20 mm

IMIESA February 2019

83RD IMESA CONFERENCE

02-04 October 2019 DURBAN INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION CENTRE

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Geotechnical Engineering

Founding a new sports hub

An aerial shot taken in September 2018 showing 80% of the stadium piling completed

A mixture of piling and rigid inclusions has established a solid footing for Mauritius’s new multi-sports complex ahead of the 10th Indian Ocean Games, which takes place in July 2019 in Cote D’Or, a rapidly developing smart city precinct.

onstruction and development of the sports complex was contracted to Mauritius Multispor ts Infrastructure Ltd, a state-owned company. The tender was launched in December 2017 with an anticipated start in early 2018: 96 days were stipulated for piling work. “We submitted a piling solution that was cheaper, that allowed for an earlier start and that could considerably cut down the duration of the job under normal circumstances,” explains Yannis Mongelard, countr y manager, Frankipile (Mauritius) International Ltd, a Keller company. “Moreover, it enabled us to work with the plant we had on the island at the time, which contributed significantly to saving costs on the project.” SubSaharan operations, including Mauritius, An overview of the site

form par t of Franki Africa (Franki). From the original pilingonly approach in the tender, Franki further enhanced efficiencies with a solution comprising a mix of piling and ground improvement. “The original tender specs involved the installation of more than 850 temporary cased auger piles of various sizes, drilled to an average depth of 21 m. Our ultimate solution comprised ground improvement in conjunction with a mix of piling techniques optimised to support each of the structures,” he expands. Mongelard says piling and ground improvement were required following geotechnical investigations, which observed worse-than-expected conditions. Moreover, the required bearing capacity of the backfilled soils could not be achieved and deep foundations were required.

PILING SOLUTIONS Stadium and skydeck • 432 nos x 610 mm driven cast in situ piles to an average depth of 16 m • 33 nos x 520 mm driven cast in situ piles to an average depth of 16 m Skydeck • 124 nos x 610 mm driven cast in situ piles to an average depth of 16 m Aquatic centre • 30 nos x 1 080 mm auger piles 20 m deep for the roof structure • 180 nos x 520 mm driven cast in situ piles for the back of house • 493 nos x 410 mm x 9 m deep rigid inclusions for the main and warmup swimming pools Multipurpose arena/gym • 48 nos x 1 200 mm x 20 m deep + 7 nos x 1 200 mm x 6 m deep auger piles for the roof structure • 629 nos x 450 mm x 9 m deep rigid inclusions for the back of house and the field of play

IMIESA February 2019

Environmental Engineering

Gabions and soil mechanics

rosion is an insidious threat that can have devastating consequences. Examples include landslides and the undermining of structural foundations, leading to subsidence and collapse. Then there are the environmental impacts that have much wider implications for sustainable ecosystems, such as the loss of productive agricultural land, and the washing away of homes bordering river and sea frontages. Within this context, gabions and their allied interventions, like mattresses, provide highly effectively countermeasures.

ABOVE Earth-fill and landscaping behind the wall completed the project BELOW Severe erosion on the edge of a lake at a lifestyle estate: a 20 MPa concrete base was established to found the new gabion baskets, and proved to be the most cost-effective approach

Gabion boxes and mattresses are flexible when wet. Granular backfill is the norm, and able to endure for compacted in thicknesses between 100 mm and 150 mm. Each decades when founded compacted layer will need to be in optimum conditions. Louis laboratory tested and confirmed Cheyne, managing director of within specification. The optimum moisture content required for Gabion Baskets and a qualified each project is a critical part of construction materials the compaction mix to achieve the specialist, expands on the required density. Selecting the right rock is also critical. best approach. Sizes range from a minimum of 100 mm By Alastair Currie nominal size up to 250 mm. The density in all Since they’re naturally permeable, gabions ensure controlled seepage when combined with geotextiles that prevent soil loss through and around these structures. The starting and end point for environmental engineers is a practical understanding of soil mechanics to verify the right weight and strength requirements. “Compaction is an essential factor, as is the designed moisture percentage added during construction to ensure maximum soil cohesion of the foundations and backfill,” explains Cheyne.

cases must be 2.6 tonnes per cubic metre to ensure adequate hardness. For this reason, Cheyne advises against using sandstone, shale, or similar materials that tend to decay and break up over an extended period of 10 to 20 years. Harder sandstone could be used for a retaining wall, but will eventually dissolve if water ingress is a constant factor, and especially so in a river application, in both cases undermining the gabion and/ or mattress installation. Basalt and dolerite materials are therefore recommended for all works to ensure adequate durability and an acceptable return on investment.

Steep slope limits for mattresses Design flaws There are many examples of design and construction flaws, but these also serve as opportunities to demonstrate best practice. Many gabion retaining structures are built with integrated compacted earth backfill. This can typically require around 93% compaction in terms of standard MOD AASHTO specifications. The soil must be free-draining, which rules out in situ clayey soils that swell and move

IMIESA February 2019

When gabion mattresses are installed for hillside erosion and stormwater control, a key question posed by designers is the limitation presented by sharper gradients. Mattresses can be laid on slopes of 33 to 45 degrees. At higher gradients than this, the design alternative includes concrete retaining block walls. “When designers push the limits above 45 degrees, there’s a risk of the entire gabion

Environmental Engineering LEFT Gabions with a width and depth of 0.5 m placed on the concrete base over a length of approximately 120 m. PVC-coated woven mesh was specified to counter corrosion, with A4 geotextile installed behind to stop the spoil from washing through the gabions

mattress losing its ground-contact adhesion and slipping down the slope, with ultimate loss of the structure,” says Chyene. “Slope slippage can be caused by slippery or hard materials that lower the grip. However, at working gradient tolerances, mattresses can be anchored to prevent this.”

Lacing or hog clips?

A gabion river retaining wall that collapsed due to erosion

When it comes to installation, specialised training is a given, especially when preventing potential plier-related damage to PVC-coated mesh, which is an essential added feature for corrosive conditions, in conjunction with an underlying Galfan zincaluminium-treated wire. “Last year, from an installation perspective, we decided to move to hog ring clips as the preferred method for assembling and joining gabion baskets, in line with today’s international best practice,” Cheyne explains. “Hog ring clips are faster to install and establish an almost indestructible join between mesh-to-mesh and gabion-to-gabion set-ups when compared to more traditional steel wire lacing techniques.” Without adequate training and experience, incorrect double- and single-twist alternating steel wire lacing techniques – the industry A new gabion river wall has been established on concrete, with reinstatement of the original rear gabion wall in progress, which will include extensive backfill

ABOVE A classic wing wall gabion and mattress combination provides a highly effective erosion control structure on a steep-sloping koppie in Johannesburg: 75 mm x 100 mm aperture welded mesh was used to maximise the aesthetic effect, while geotextiles are being installed as a standard procedure to prevent soil loss

standard being specified at 100 mm intervals – can bring about poor results. In contrast, the fitment of hog clips every 100 mm is faster and simpler. These clips are made from high-tensile steel wire: once they’re closed, it’s permanent and they cannot be reopened. These are either Class A galvanised clips for non-corrosive environments, or stainless steel clips for PVC wireconstructed gabions. “Gabions are only as strong as their weakest points, which are the lacing connections,” he points out, adding that Gabion Baskets provides in-depth training to ensure that all points are perfected. This includes training for contractors and installers on private and public sector projects, including Expanded Public Works Programme initiatives. “The art of gabions is very precise from an engineered perspective; however, their actual installation thereafter is fairly straightforward, given the necessary training,” adds Cheyne. “We believe gabion installations remain the ideal solution for most erosion and retaining systems. Environmentally engineered structures are also among the preferred construction methods for establishing employment creation and SMME growth. We’re here to train and support the industry, as we’ve been doing successfully for the past decade,” Cheyne concludes.

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83RD IMESA CONFERENCE

02-04 October 2019 DURBAN INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION CENTRE

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Meters, Pumps & Valves

Preventing water hammer A unique, new flywheel water pump system offers the ability to mitigate the possible effects of water hammer by ensuring continued pumping in the event of power failures.

he pump was developed by KSB Pumps and Valves for the rural Tsomo District Municipality in the Eastern Cape, which is plagued by unstable electricity supply. The municipality needed a product for critical high-lift pumping of potable water to supply water transfer requirements. However, the solution also needed to prevent the potentially catastrophic backward rush of water in the event of a power failure, which could lead to water hammer and the destruction of water infrastructure. This required the technical team to develop a reliable and failsafe method of maintaining water pressure long enough to reconnect power or, in the event of no power availability, to gradually slow down and arrest the flow without cavitation, which causes air bubbles. The rural location of the pump station also necessitated a reliable solution with minimal maintenance requirements.

high-efficiency Multitec multistage pumps, which we configured in an inline orientation with the suction side on the left front side of the pump and discharge on the right frontside to make room for the flywheels,” he adds. KSB also elected to manufacture all internal components in bronze for corrosion resistance and low maintenance as well as added durability. “In the end, this is one of the only times worldwide that a flywheel pump of this size and such high revolution has been undertaken and it paves the way to apply a smart solution to an old problem,” says Nel.

Meeting the challenge Incorporating the flywheel was par ticularly challenging and required the flywheel component to be specially designed and manufactured to high standards with balancing to G2.5 at 3 000 rpm – a particularly close tolerance to ensure near perfect balance.

A smart solution The requirements for a flow of 380 m3/h at a differential height of 261 m and an efficiency of 80.8% called for a powerful pump and motor combination with the addition of a heavy flywheel, explains Ruan Nel, project engineer, KSB Pumps and Valves. “Weighing in at 681 kg each, the flywheels spin up to 3 000 rpm and provide enough momentum to pump water for at least four minutes after power is interrupted. With a flywheel central to the design chosen, the pump selection was based on our

Ruan Nel, project engineer, KSB Pumps and Valves

The flywheel pump system above is able to mitigate the effects of water hammer during power failures

The system also requires a heavy-duty base plate made from channel type steel and reinforced around the flywheel plumber block pedestal to help ensure that the system remains perfectly balanced at all times. Mating to the pump necessitated careful engineering, using self-centring ball bearings able to withstand high pressure, as well as special grease to allow for the high rpm. Operational bearing temperature was tested to remain at 19°C to 21°C during extended operation, explains Nel. The system uses a variable-speed drive to synchronise the motor, pump and flywheel speeds and makes use of specialised couplings to ensure the transfer of energy between the motor and flywheel remains seamless at all times, including star tup, power outages and restart while the flywheels are still turning. Nel believes that the result of all of this is the kind of reliable, mechanical solution that is required in an isolataed rural area like Tsomo. The entire project was completed in just a few months – from order in October 2017 to acceptance in June 2018. “Our flywheel solution now ensures that the inertia of the flywheel keeps turning the pump and eliminates air pockets and water hammer if power is interrupted,” concludes Nel.

IMIESA February 2019

METERS, Pumps & Valves

Top trends in smart metering As the need to conserve water increases, water utilities around the world are turning to smart technologies to improve operations. Darren Oxlee* explores the five trends that utilities need to seriously consider in their quest to become smarter.

tilities are under increasing financial pressure from nontechnical water losses and inefficient revenue recovery that results in millions being lost due to incorrect billing and theft. Driven by the need to improve operational efficiencies and revenues, cut down on wastage, and enhance customer service, water utilities around the world are turning to advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) – including smart meters – and the trend is set to accelerate in 2019. Harnessing technology such as the internet of things, connectivity, and data analytics not only helps better manage infrastructure and reduce losses, but will also bring changes to the way in which utilities currently operate. Here are five things utilities must consider in their quest to become smarter:

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Broader industry partnerships Private sector companies introducing innovative products and solutions that are redefining smart metering are one of the major drivers of growth in AMI. This draws interest from large telecoms operators who are recognising the opportunity to add additional services to their current offerings. Infrastructure and maintenance Smart metering will enable far more accurate, real-time data monitoring, helping utilities to reduce the time taken to identify and fix leaks by flagging water losses earlier. Not only will this save costs, but it means more focus and investment can be directed toward proactive maintenance of water infrastructure. Changing skills requirements Switching to smart water metering increases the skill level required from those who are involved in the installation and management of metering infrastructure. As the use of this technology grows, the skills needed will go beyond basic plumbing and into more advanced skills, including IT and communications technologies. Customer service and behaviour Utilities will be able to proactively monitor customers’ accounts, identify issues, complaints and queries, and resolve them much faster than they are currently able to. Additionally, initial studies have shown that once consumers have full visibility of their usage data, via a mobile app, for example, their water consumption drops by about 15%. Regulatory compliance With near real-time two-way communication and valve control, smart meters not only provide customers with prepaid water with the ability to top up their water allocation, but also cater for South Africa’s free basic water requirements – all managed at the device level.

2 3 4 5

Long-term benefits When coupled with increased billing accuracy, the long-term benefits of investing in smart water metering will outweigh the higher initial capital outlay, as compared to a traditional water system. As such, the growth prospects for smart water metering are enormous. In addition to the financial and operational benefits, municipalities are increasingly including smarter water management as part of their broader smart city development programmes. Only a very small percentage of existing metered end-points in municipalities around the country are ‘smart’, and converting the remainder provides a substantial growth opportunity that the local industry can take advantage of. *Darren Oxlee is the chief technology officer at Utility Systems. Utility Systems’ utiliMeter uses next-generation advanced metering infrastructure technology

Water & Wastewater

Technologies to meet the sewage challenge

Veolia supplied a 100 m3/day hybrid sewage treatment plant for Ethiopian Airlines’ cargo terminal at Addis Ababa International Airport

As a result of severe challenges in maintaining and expanding South Africa’s sewage treatment infrastructure, less than 10% of the country’s sewage plants currently meet the standards for compliance.

ith over 50 000 ℓ of untreated sewage estimated to flow into our rivers every second, underperforming sewerage infrastructure poses a significant health hazard, threatens the ecology of our natural water sources, as well as increases the cost of potable water production. For water solutions specialist Veolia Water Technologies, a new, resilient and efficient approach to sanitation resource management is required to overcome the national backlog confronting South Africa’s sewage treatment infrastructure.

A turnkey technological solution From meeting the needs of isolated communities, to supplying facilities like hospitals, airports and remote mining camps with adequate sewage treatment services, the modular sewage treatment plant (STP™) has proven a reliable, cost-effective alternative to in-ground plants, and can be supplied in a fraction of the time. “Over the past few years, Veolia has supplied packaged wastewater treatment plants for a number of

ABOVE RIGHT Bambisana State Hospital in the Eastern Cape now boasts a 60 m3/day STP RIGHT Veolia delivered a 180 m3/day sewage treatment plant to improve the sewage treatment facilities at Letsholathebe II Memorial Hospital

different sewage treatment applications, across South Africa and further afield into countries such as Ethiopia and Tanzania,” explains Chris Braybrooke, general manager: Marketing, Veolia Water Technologies South Africa. “These packaged plants are based on trickling filter technology, a simple but extremely versatile technology that is both robust and easy to operate,” says Braybrooke. “Its ability to accommodate highly variable inflows is an additional benefit, and the sludge, which is digested to approximately a third of its original volume, only has to be removed every two to three years.” The major treatment components of the STP™ are screening, anaerobic digestion, carbon removal and nitrification, sludge removal and disinfection in a chlorine contact tank. Pre-assembled and factoryacceptance tested (FAT) at the company’s Water Techno Products production facility in Sebenza, Ekurhuleni, Veolia’s STP can be manufactured to

order in as little as 12 weeks, to treat domestic sewage to RSA General Standards for Discharge. The plants are available – both as a fully containerised system or as a hybrid system, which includes a civil-based septic tank – in a wide range of treatment capacities from 25 m3/day to 600 m3/day. “Plug and play, rapidly deployable, and with minimal installation and maintenance requirements, these off-the-shelf, packaged plants are now a critical component in our ability to meet the sewage treatment requirements of our communities in both permanent and temporary or emergency applications,” Braybrooke explains. “This is our ambition for Africa.”

The leading reference in modular water treatment The STP is one aspect of a complete range of packaged treatment solutions Veolia Water Technologies now supplies as part of its standard products portfolio. These innovative products also include municipal and industrial water treatment solutions for potable water production, reverse osmosis, filtration, distillation, dissolved air flotation, evaporation and more. These packaged solutions draw from the company’s approximately 350 proprietary technologies developed across its over 160-year history, including 20 years of success and innovation in Africa, which the company celebrates this year.

IMIESA February 2019

Water & Wastewater

Equipment damage can be prevented with online monitoring and alarm points for immediate shutdown

QFS maintaining water quality Process efficiencies depend on precise technologies that require real-time monitoring and scheduled maintenance.

or applications like desalination and wastewater reuse, maintenance and continuous plant condition monitoring are of utmost importance to ensure that all risks are properly managed. Major risks of a poorly operated and maintained membrane plant include: • producing water unfit for human consumption • the risk of breakdown • inability to be online for water production • unnecessary plant damage • shorter membrane lifespans, resulting in higher operating costs. Continuous monitoring of a plant ensures that key performance indicators relating to water quality are maintained and that early warning is given when these parameters start to drift. Such performance indicators may include inline turbidity measurement in case of solids removal, conductivity in case of salt removal (treatment of brackish water or sea water), and residual chlorine where disinfection is required, to name a few. Continuous monitoring provides early warning to enable automatic plant shutdown in the case of non-conformity, preventing non-compliant water from being delivered to consumers. Equipment damage can also be prevented with online monitoring and alarm points for immediate shutdown.

Quality analysis In association with continuous plant monitoring, regular samples need to be taken by an independent laboratory to verify and confirm operational conditions. This is required for both feedwater and product water to ensure that all indicators remain compliant, and to monitor changes in the feedwater. This may warrant changes to plant equipment or conditions to ensure that the plant can continue to treat the feedwater. A water treatment plant is designed for a specific feedwater and can accommodate limited changes in quality. A lack of feedwater quality monitoring may result in non-compliant final water or damage to plant equipment. In addition to continuous monitoring, regular preventative maintenance is of utmost importance. The instrumentation requires cleaning and calibration to ensure accurate measurements. Treatment technologies, such as ultrafiltration membranes and reverse osmosis membranes, also require periodic cleaning. Failure to do so will result in the malfunctioning of the membrane, rendering the plant ineffective in removing unwanted constituents.

Mechanical equipment, such as valves and pumps, must be inspected on a routine maintenance schedule. During pump maintenance early warning signs of worn bearings, worn seals or condensation damage to motors must be identified, so that replacement units can be arranged in advance. If a pump breaks down and spare parts are not readily available, the plant may be inoperative for an extended period, resulting in no water being produced. Advanced technologies, like membranebased plants, require a specialist operator for the continuous monitoring and maintenance schedules. Many times, new technologies get a ‘bad rap’ as a result of incorrect operation and maintenance by inexperienced staff. “QFS endeavours to impart as much knowledge to the operators during handover and training to ensure correct operation,” says Herman Smit, managing director, Quality Filtration Systems (QFS). “We’re also available to support clients in the operation and maintenance of the plants through a service level agreement, customised to their requirements. “As the applications for advanced technologies increase in a water-scarce country like South Africa, so should our skill level improve to correctly operate and maintain plants that will ensure our water security in the future,” he concludes.

Process instrumentation needs to be regularly cleaned and calibrated to ensure accurate measurements

IMIESA February 2019

Water & Wastewater | Technical Paper

Advancing surface water flow measurement with low-cost smart sensors The internet of things, and the advancing sensor and telemetr y technology accompanying it, offers a promising solution to South Africa’s deteriorating capacity for accurately measuring sur face water flow in rivers. It may be some time before reliable monitoring networks of this scale are established but locally developed smar t water sensor technology is generating some compelling results. By Jessica Fell*, Justin Pead**, Kevin Winter*** & Fahad Aziz****

he internet of things (IoT) refers to a network of connected physical objects that collect and transmit data via the internet using embedded sensors. Objects that form part of IoT are described as ‘smart’ and extend beyond traditional devices such as laptops, tablets and smartphones to smart thermostats, light bulbs, security systems and even toothbrushes. IoT devices are designed to increase efficiency and convenience, and are useful for a range of applications. In the water sector, real-time, remotemonitoring smar t sensors can provide high-resolution continuous data to support targeted and informed decision-making and effective water resource management. In the future, we see a growing potential for smar t water sensors to provide a convenient and accurate means of acquiring vital open-channel flow data.

Open-channel flow monitoring The measurement of flow in South Africa is limited, with flow data acquired using three methods: manual isolated measurements, municipal and national flow gauging stations,

and commercial flow or ultrasonic sensors. However, all three methods are flawed and unable to simultaneously provide accurate high-resolution flow data at a low cost, with real-time remote capabilities. A further concern is that municipal and national flow gauging stations are on the decline and the capacity of the monitoring network is no better than in the 1920s. The speed of the observed deterioration in many of South Africa’s rivers should be an immediate call for action: we can’t manage what we are not measuring. The fragmented and inaccurate surface flow dataset in South Africa is unfit for many analytical purposes. Ideally, hydrological flow data should be of sufficient resolution to capture hydrological variability and allow for pairing with water quality and rainfall data to be easily incorporated into hydrological models. A team of researchers from the University of Cape Town’s Future Water Institute has developed a new smart, low-cost flow monitoring sensor designed for installation in the challenging South African context. The sensor makes use of off-the-shelf sonar devices to gauge river height, which

is used as a proxy for measuring flow rates. The logger operates on an IoT node based on the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) and transmits data to a centralised server in near real time (see Figure 1). The sensor has been tested in a wide range of applications, including stormwater quantification and reuse in urban channels, measuring grey-water discharge, and calibrating drainage models.

Low-cost logger and water-level sensor The principal design consideration is reliable data transmission from a remote location to a common ser ver, located elsewhere, using minimal power. We chose GSM as the communication system over other possibilities, such as SigFox and Lora, largely because the transmission range and frequency of data transmission was unknown for the variety of applications in which the sensors are used. The device itself comprises off-theshelf hobbyist components, including an ultrasonic ping sensor, boost convertor and Particle Electron (for the microcontroller, battery management and GSM connectivity). The components are housed in what looks like a lunchbox and is purposely designed to be inconspicuous to the public eye. The total component cost is approximately R3 000 per device, with additional costs being specific to the site. For example, a crump weir was installed at one of the sites to ensure a smooth flow path upstream of the sensor. A further design principle is ensuring timely and accurate data acquisition and transmission to the endpoint user. FIGURE 1 A conceptual idea of the smart water monitoring sensor described in the article

IMIESA February 2019

Water & Wastewater | Technical Paper FIGURE 2 The installation of the smart water sensor on the underside of a manhole cover

Modularity was also prioritised in the design in order to increase future capabilities by allowing different sensors, such as water quality sensors, to be attached to the generic logging device. The sample interval and packet size are key programmable variables, as they both affect batter y power consumption.

Open-channel flow measurement in the informal settlement of Langrug, Franschhoek From August to December 2016, we installed a smart sensor in a river downstream of an informal settlement near the town

of Franschhoek, Western Cape. The site is characterised by the continual flow of contaminated run-off (grey water) generated from the settlement (see Figure 3). We placed the sensor in the lower reaches of the river and attached it to the underside of a footbridge that protruded over a crump weir. The sensor measured the distance to the water over six-minute inter vals. Flow was calculated using the crump weir discharge equation. The high-resolution flow data provided new insights into the variability of diurnal flow for dry days (Figure 5a) and during five rainfall events during the wet season (Figure 5b). The observed data shows that the average hourly weekday flow is higher than the average hourly weekend flow, possibly as a result of changes in human activities in these two periods. An increase in daily discharge rates was obser ved around 09:30 but could not be explained and the researchers were unable to determine the

FIGURE 3 Contaminated run-off in the informal settlement of Langrug, Western Cape

regularity of the discharge. Refined data of this resolution provided previously unknown insights into behaviour in the informal settlement. Stream flow, water quality (ammonia nitrogen, NH3-N) and rainfall were also measured during the five rainfall events mentioned earlier. Pollutographs show how the discharge of grey water from the informal settlement varies under different rainfall conditions (Figure 5b). For example, IMIESA February 2019

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FIGURE 4 The Stiebeuel River, where the smart sensor was installed, with the informal settlement of Langrug in the background on the foot of the mountain

Event 1 shows a â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;flashyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; hydrograph resulting in a much sharper rise to reach flow peak compared to other rainfall events. NH3-N concentration peaks during all events were followed by a lag in the peak flow approximately two hours later, suggesting that flow may not be an immediate cause of elevated NH3-N concentrations. During the rising limb of every flow peak, NH3-N concentrations decreased.

The combination of high-resolution flow, water quality and rainfall data provided valuable insights into the effects of dilution, timing of peak flow and first flush effects from the discharge of discarded water from an informally settled catchment.

Open-channel flow measurement in Liesbeek River, Cape Town In March 2018, we installed two smart

FIGURE 5 The flow in the Stiebeuel River during (a) dry days and (b) five rainfall events

sensors along the Liesbeek River, which is a largely canalised urban river in a residential area of Cape Town. The sensors were used to measure the volume of stormwater discharge during rainfall events of different intensities, to consider opportunities for the capture and

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Water & Wastewater | Technical Paper

FIGURE 6 Liesbeek River

diversion of stormwater to retention areas. Sensors were attached to the underside of two bridges and each sensor measured the distance to the water in intervals of five minutes. Flow was calculated using Manning’s equation and then converted to volume. The continuous flow data measured by the sensors provided the volume of stormwater that passed under the Paradise Road bridge and the Durban Road bridge from 13:00 to 18:00 on 18 April 2018. The Kirstenbosch rainfall station is linked to the Paradise Road bridge, and the Observatory rainfall station to the Durban Road bridge. The hydrographs show sharp rises to peak, as rainfall rapidly runs off the predominantly impermeable catchment. The approximate volume of stormwater that passed under each bridge during the five-hour period, and the respective amount of rainfall at the corresponding rainfall station, was as follows: • Paradise Road bridge: 42.3 million litres (24.2 mm)

• Durban Road bridge: 7.4 million litres (5.8 mm). To put this into context, the 42.3 million litres recorded at the Paradise Road bridge is equivalent to approximately a ninth of Cape Town’s daily potable water demand, according to the current Level 5 (500 million litres a day) drought restrictions set by the municipality. This high-resolution continuous data provided a valuable quantification of the amount of stormwater that could be captured during a relatively small rainfall event in an urban area. In order for stormwater harvesting to be viable at this scale, appropriate harvesting and storage infrastructure would need to be available to allow for applications such as managed aquifer recharge or diversion to water treatment plants.

The future of water monitoring The application and performance of the low-cost remote flow sensor in an informal settlement and an urban channel in the Western Cape demonstrate the value of smart water sensors. The high-quality continuous data provided by the sensor offered previously unknown insights into the dynamics of flow and pollutants in a river draining an informally settled catchment, and valuable data on the potential of stormwater harvesting. There is potential for smart water IoT technologies, as described in this article, to contribute to South Africa’s hydrological database. Advantages include automation, an ability to view variability in real time and at high resolution, and an opportunity to establish a dense network of gauging stations at a refined scale across the country.

FIGURE 8 The smart sensor attached to the underside of a bridge over Kuils River, Cape Town

However, even if smart sensors provide the right data at the right time, the data is meaningless without a systems approach to monitoring, analysis and repor ting. The real cost and challenge is not about investing in smart technologies alone, but in building a complete system – from the management of infrastructure and river systems to the availability of reliable and accessible repor ting dashboards. Now, more than ever, we need a new commitment to acquiring reliable hydrological and water quality data that builds confidence and supports effective water resource management.

*Jessica Fell (jessica.fell@uct.ac.za) is a research assistant at the Future Water Institute at the University of Cape Town. **Justin Pead (justin.pead@uct.ac.za) is a technical officer in the Department of Electrical Engineering at the University of Cape Town. ***Dr Kevin Winter (kevin.winter@uct.ac.za) is a senior lecturer in the Environmental and Geographical Science Department at the University of FIGURE 7 The volume of stormwater at two points along the Liesbeek River, over a five-hour period, during a 24 mm rainfall event Cape Town. ****Fahad Aziz (azzfah002@ myuct.ac.za) is an MSc student at the Department of Environmental and Geographical Science at the University of Cape Town. This ar ticle is based on the following for thcoming publication: Fell, J, Pead, J, and Winter, K. ‘Affordable digital water monitoring technology’. IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine, (in press) 2018.

IMIESA February 2019

Cement & Concrete Bryan Perrie, MD, The Concrete Institute

Building without limits LEFT Many concrete structures from the Ancient Roman era are still standing – testimony to the material’s ability to withstand the test of time

Due to its seemingly endless versatility, concrete continues to change the face of Southern Africa’s built environment landscape and remains the material of choice for architects, designers and engineers.

or the proper ty owner and developer, concrete is the competitive building solution based on initial cost, longterm durability, energy ef ficiency, low maintenance and operational costs, as well as opportunities for future reuse, should the occupancy of the building change. For the designer and architect, concrete provides a dynamic range of colours, finishes and unlimited design possibilities that are difficult to match in other materials. “Concrete is a low-impact, eco-friendly building material – the cornerstone for building construction and infrastructure – with unrivalled sustainability,” explains Br yan Perrie, MD of The Concrete Institute, adding that concrete can be manufactured to an extensive range of specifications to suit a wide variety of applications. “A major advantage of concrete construction for engineered structures is the material’s properties of density and mass. Lateral stiffness, or resistance to horizontal movement, makes concrete the ideal product when constructing in areas of high winds or seismic conditions. Concrete’s lateral stiffness also means that concrete towers are less prone to building motion.” Perrie points out that concrete structures built over 100 years ago are still in active

IMIESA February 2019

ser vice today. Such extended lifespan conser ves resources by reducing maintenance and the need for reconstruction.

Cladding and finishing “The aesthetic appeal of concrete can be exploited in a variety of finishes. Exposed aggregate and off-shutter finishes are just two categories of decorative sur face finishes. These techniques, coupled with coloured aggregates, design flair and imagination, and practical implementation, form the basis of the attractive nature of concrete structures,” Perrie expands. When it comes to concrete cladding, more textures and finishes are possible. Precast

The aesthetic appeal of concrete can be exploited in a variety of finishes

panels are extremely durable, weather-resistant, soundproof and inherently fire-resistant. Precast concrete cladding also allows for the fast enclosure of a structure, enabling other building trades to star t work sooner. Advanced construction techniques, such as flying formwork systems, can increase the speed of floor construction. As a concrete frame progresses upwards, workers on the completed floors below can proceed with interior partitioning, exterior finishes, as well as electrical, mechanical and plumbing systems. As an iner t material, concrete is also easily recyclable. “Old concrete that has reached the end of its ser vice life can be reused as aggregate for new concrete mixtures. The addition of industrial by-products such as fly ash, silica fume, and blast furnace slag will also enhance the per formance of concrete and, at the same time, usefully employ materials that would other wise take up precious landfill space,” Perrie concludes.

Cement & Concrete

Exploring new coating techniques

he difference between the success or failure of a floor coating system depends on optimum product selection and application, so it pays to investigate new technologies. This is according to Tracy Harris, commercial manager, Mapei. Mapei constantly researches and develops new screeds, adhesives, grouts and other flooring products to suit new flooring styles. These include cementitious, resin, polyurethane, and water-based flooring systems, as well as consolidators, which

are used to preserve and maintain existing floors. “The aim of our products, training and ongoing technical support is to provide speed of application, and lower building and operating costs for longer building lifespans,” Harris explains. “Our industrial flooring solution systems are developed for vast applications across all industry sectors and are HACCP (hazard analysis and critical control point) compliant. They are

The Mapefloor system being applied

also easier to maintain for end users, with no sealer coats or additional maintenance costs required.” Mapei is building solid relationships with key applicators and encourages installers and all business professionals to speak to its technical representatives to find solutions for individual flooring requirements.

Cement & Concrete

Combatting sulfate attacks Concrete infrastructure is often exposed to aggressive environments in the water sector, leaving it vulnerable to the risk of sulfate chloride attacks.

sulfates, especially in the form of salts of calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium, are a challenge for concrete civil works in aggressive environments such as sewerage plants, mines, and coastal areas where soils are high in sulfates. Sulfates are said to ‘attack’ concrete because they can permeate the sur face layers in solution with water. This reacts with unreacted C3A and calcium hydroxide in the cement paste, leading to the formation of various compounds that can be as much as 600% more voluminous than the original chemicals. As a result, the outer layer of the concrete suffers cracking, spalling and separation of aggregate from the cement paste. This leaves more sur face area of the paste to react and exposes any reinforcing to corrosion.

and rapid urbanisation, we owe it to our communities to build a longer ser vice life in our concrete structures. We simply cannot afford to reconstruct or repair our raw, potable or wastewater infrastructure ever y few years.” One of Lafarge South Africa’s latest cement innovations, Sulf8-CEM, offers a solution to the challenges associated with sulfates. The low-heat (LH), sulfate-resistant (SR) cement is a CEM IV/B-V 42,5N LH SR pozzolanic cement formulated from Por tland clinker with more than 36% selected quality siliceous fly ash,and C3A content in the clinker below 9%. The product also contains per formanceenhancing additives. Sulf8-CEM has been certified to conform to the latest applicable South African and European standards (SANS 50197-1and EN 197-1).

Low heat of hydration Finding a solution “In years to come, faced with daunting refurbishment costs, it is no use thinking ‘if only’ we had built with dif ferent materials,” says Lafarge’s Roelof Jacobs, manager: Integrated Solutions and Innovation. “Faced with the demands of high population growth

IMIESA February 2019

According to Jacobs, Sulf8-CEM also offers a significant benefit as a classified low heat of hydration product. The exothermic cement hydration reaction that rapidly raises the temperature of freshly placed concrete is not a problem in normal structures that allow the heat energy to dissipate easily. However, in

large structures, the heat builds up, causing high temperatures and expansion of the concrete while it is hardening. The temperature differential between the interior of a mass pour and the cooling outer layers can generate sufficient tensile stresses to cause cracking. This not only reduces the bearing capacity of the structure but also creates entr y points for harmful substances to penetrate the concrete. As a result of the high quality and content siliceous fly ash in the formulation, Sulf8CEM is an exceptionally good LH pozzolanic cement with a typical heat of hydration value of 166 J/g, tested at 41 hours as per EN 196-9. While this contributes to lower peak temperatures with lower temperature differentials and the associated tensile stresses in mass concrete, the peak temperatures also occur at a later age, by which time the concrete is more mature and better able to withstand any tensile stresses. “We are extremely proud to have developed this all-round high-per formance product, Sulf8-CEM,” says Jacobs. “At Lafarge, we set out to offer the water industr y a solution for creating durable concrete structures suitable for use in aggressive environments.”

Cement & Concrete | Precast

oncrete block paving provides a highly durable and costeffective riding surface. For this reason, it’s a popular choice for roadways and allied applications in a range of public sector projects. A recent example is the new Jouberton Community Clinic, a primary healthcare centre in Klerksdorp, where Technicrete’s JZZ pavers have been installed. “The quality of our JZZ pavers was the main reason our Technicrete product was selected,” explains sales consultant Wian Blom. “We had recently utilised the JZZ paver at a project in Mahikeng, and when we showed the contractor, Trade First, the finish on the pavers, they were very happy with the quality and contracted us to install these at the Jouberton clinic.” Technicrete installed 7 500 m2 of JZZ 80 mm pavers as well as 2 500 m2 of 60 mm pavers, all in a slate colour. These were installed alongside all the community clinic’s newly created driveways. “Additionally, we were then asked to install JZZ pavers to the adjoining road that services the clinic,” says Blom. The pavers supplied for the project were manufactured at Technicrete’s Stilfontein facility. Once the solid block interlocking paver is applied, it forms a continuous, hard-wearing surface. This makes JZZ pavers well suited for applications that include municipal parking areas, driveways, forecourts, pedestrian pavements, pathways and internal road networks within residential, commercial and industrial developments.

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Concrete block paved roadways constructed at the Jouberton Community Clinic in North West

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ne of the preferred supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) used by the global precast concrete industry is silica fume. Also known as ‘micro-silica’, this is a recyclable by-product created during the production of silicon alloys in electric arc furnaces. “It can generally be used to supplement between 5% and 10% of the total mass of cementitious material in the concrete mix,” explains Shaun Hadkinson, marketing director, CoreSlab. “Highly reactive, the smallest of the particles speeds up the reaction with cement hydration. The very small particles range between 0.1 μm and 0.2 μm and are, therefore, able to pass through the void between the particles of cement to improve packing,” he says. This material has enabled CoreSlab and its international counterparts to design and produce concrete that has an increased tensile and compressive strength, while providing compressive and flexural modulus, as well as tensile ductility. Silica fume enhances vibration damping capacity, abrasion resistance and bond strength with steel rebar, in addition to significantly improving the chemical and corrosion resistance traits of precast concrete mixes. Leading precast concrete companies are also harnessing their extensive experience in proportioning with silica fume to achieve viscosity modification in highly flowable concrete mixes and to significantly accelerate

Significant strides have been made by the global precast concrete industry to reduce the amount of cement used in concrete mixes by substituting this raw material with recyclable industrial residues

production cycles to achieve compressive strengths of up to 68.94 MPa in as little as a day. Concrete mixes with compressive strengths that exceed 137 MPa can be designed specifically for high-strength and highperformance applications. “The use of industrial residues, including granulated blast furnace slag and fly ash, to supplement cement content in concrete needs to remain high on the agenda. Experienced operators have been able to strike a fine balance between the benefits and drawbacks associated with each SCM to carefully proportion and modify any mix design according to recommendations, governing standards and specifications,” he concludes.

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PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATES AECOM siphokuhle.dlamini@aecom.com Afri-Infra Group (Pty) Ltd banie@afri-infra.com ALULA (Pty) Ltd info@alulawater.co.za AQUADAM (Pty) Ltd sales@aquadam.co.za Aurecon Fani.Xaba@aurecongroup.com Aveng Manufacturing Infraset werner.booyens@infraset.com Averda claude.marais@averda.com Bigen Africa Group Holdings otto.scharfetter@bigenafrica.com BMK Group brian@bmkgroup.co.za Bosch Munitech info@boschmunitech.co.za Bosch Projects (Pty) Ltd mail@boschprojects.co.za BVI Consulting Engineers marketing@bviho.co.za Civilconsult Consulting Engineers mail@civilconsult.co.za Corrosion Institute of Southern Africa secretary@corrosioninstitute.org.za Development Bank of SA divb@dbsa.org.za DPI Plastics Farhana@dpiplastics.co.za EFG Engineers eric@efgeng.co.za Elster Kent Metering Leonardus.Basson@honeywell.com ERWAT mail@erwat.co.za Fibertex South Africa (Pty) Ltd rcl@fibertex.com GIBB yvanrooyen@gibb.co.za GIGSA secretary@gigsa.org GLS Consulting nicky@gls.co.za Gudunkomo Investments & Consulting info@gudunkomo.co.za Hatch Africa (Pty) Ltd info@hatch.co.za Henwood & Nxumalo Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd pmboffice@hn.co.za Herrenknecht schiewe.helene@herrenknecht.de Huber Technology cs@hubersa.com Hydro-comp Enterprises dan@edams.co.za I@Consulting louis_icon@mics.co.za INGEROP mravjee@ingerop.co.za Integrity Environment info@integrityafrica.co.za IQHINA Consulting Engineers & Project Managers info@iqhina.co.za iX engineers (Pty) Ltd hans.k@ixengineers.co.za JBFE Consulting (Pty) Ltd issie@jbfe.co.za JG Afrika DennyC@jgafrika.com KABE Consulting Engineers info@kabe.co.za Kago Consulting Engineers kagocon@kago.co.za Kantey & Templer (K&T) Consulting Engineers info@kanteys.co.za Kitso Botlhale Consulting Engineers zimema.jere@gmail.com Lektratek Water general@lwt.co.za Lithon Project Consultants (Pty) Ltd info@lithon.com Makhaotse Narasimulu & Associates mmakhaotse@mna-sa.co.za Malani Padayachee & Associates (Pty) Ltd admin@mpa.co.za M & C Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd info@mcconsulting.co.za Maragela Consulting Engineers admin@maragelaconsulting.co.za Marley Pipe Systems info@marleypipesystems.co.za Martin & East gbyron@martin-east.co.za

Masithu Consulting & Project Management info@mcpm.co.za Mhiduve adminpotch@mhiduve.co.za Mogoba Maphuthi & Associates (Pty) Ltd admin@mmaholdings.co.za Moedi Wa Batho Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd info@wabatho.co.za Much Asphalt bennie.greyling@muchasphalt.com NAKO ILISO lyn.adams@nakogroup.com Nyeleti Consulting ppienaar@nyeleti.co.za Odour Engineering Systems mathewc@oes.co.za Pumptron info@pumptron.co.za Ribicon Consulting Group (Pty) Ltd info@ribicon.com Royal HaskoningDHV francisg@rhdv.com SABITA info@sabita.co.za SAFRIPOL mberry@safripol.com SALGA info@salga.org.za SAPPMA admin@sappma.co.za / willem@sappma.co.za SARF administrator@sarf.org.za.co.za SBS Water Systems mava@sbstanks.co.za Sembcorp Siza Water info-sizawater@sembcorp.com Sigodi Marah Martin Management Support lansanam@sigodimarah.co.za SiVEST SA garths@sivest.co.za Sizabantu Piping Systems (Pty) Ltd gregl@sizabantupipingsystems.com SKYV Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd kamesh@skyv.co.za SMEC capetown@smec.com SNA stolz.j@sna.co.za Sobek Engineering gen@sobek.co.za Southern African Society for Trenchless Technology director@sasst.org.za Southern Pipeline Contractors (Pty) Ltd spc@vinci-construction.com SRK Consulting jomar@srk.co.za STAR OF LIFE EMERGENCY TRADING CC admin@staroflife.co.za Syntell julia@syntell.co.za TECROVEER (Pty) Ltd info@tecroveer.co.za TPA Consulting roger@tpa.co.za Ulozolo Engineers CC admin@ulozolo.co.za UWP Consulting nonkululekos@uwp.co.za V3 Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd info@v3consulting.co.za south-africa@vetasi.com Vetasi VIP Consulting Engineers esme@vipconsulting.co.za VUKA Africa Consulting Engineers info@vukaafrica.co.za Water Institute of Southern Africa wisa@wisa.org.za WAM TECHNOLOGY CC support@wamsys.co.za Water Solutions Southern Africa ecoetzer@wssa.co.za Wilo South Africa marketingsa@wilo.co.za WRP ronniem@wrp.co.za WRNA washy@wrnyabeze.com WSP Group Africa ansia.meyer@wsp.com

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