Imiesa September 2017 by 3S Media

www.infrastructurene.ws

IMESA The official magazine of the Institute of Municipal Engineering of Southern Africa

INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT • MAINTENANCE • SERVICE DELIVERY

Trenchless Technologies

Revitalising the Black Mac sewer

Water & Wastewater Advancing the groundwater agenda

Legislation & Standards SIPDM: Threat or opportunity?

SPRAYPAVE Multistage bitumen converter

IN THE HOT SEAT We are aligned in both South Africa and the rest of the continent to take advantage of growth opportunities.” Graham Harlett Commercial Director, WEC Projects ISSN 0257 1978

V o l u m e 4 2 N o . 0 9 • S e p t e m b e r 2 0 1 7 • R 5 0 . 0 0 ( i n c l . VAT )

TECHNOLOGY IS ABOUT THINKING THAT GOES BEYOND CONSTRUCTION.

Our job is to ensure that South Africa’s national road network is maintained to a high standard of safety and performance. Our custom developed Road Survey Vehicle boasts cutting-edge technology that enables us to take measurements of roughness, road surface deﬂections and more. This way we’re able to survey and monitor approximately 22 203 kilometers of roads at 1-meter intervals in less than 6 months - instead of nearly 46 years it would have taken using old technology. How’s that for SANRAL technology

BLUEPRINT 1595/E

that keeps you moving!

SANRAL. Beyond roads.

An agency of the Department of Transport.

www.infrastructurene.ws

The official magazine of the Institute of Municipal Engineering of Southern Africa

VOLUME 42 NO. 09 SEPTEMBER 2017

INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT • MAINTENANCE • SERVICE DELIVERY

Trenchless Technologies

Revitalising the Black Mac sewer

Water & Wastewater Advancing the groundwater agenda

Legislation & Standards

SIPDM: Threat or opportunity?

SPRAYPAVE

A passion for the community

Multistage bitumen converter

IN THE HOT SEAT We are aligned in both South Africa and the rest of the continent to take advantage of growth opportunities.” Graham Harlett Commercial Director, WEC Projects

ENCHLESS TR

V o l u m e 4 2 N o . 0 9 • S e p t e m b e r 2 0 1 7 • R 5 0 . 0 0 ( i n c l . VAT )

SprayPave has acquired technology new to the African continent that aims to resolve the shortage of high-grade bitumen for asphalt production. P6

3 5 9 64

Hot Seat Adding value through innovation

Public Buildings Investing in a just future

IN THE

HOT SEAT Graham Harlett, commercial director at WEC Projects, talks about the company’s capabilities in water purification, wastewater and downstream renewable energy. P10

WATER & WASTEWATER Rural water supply in SA

Municipal Focus | City of Tshwane Igniting excellence Mapping Tshwane Taking the lead on infrastructure

14 17 19

Engineering Council of South Africa Championing registration and transformation

Roads & Bridges Control centre combats overloading 22 KZN bridge developments 23 Countering black turf 25 Paving Gon'on'o village 27

Gearing up for No-Dig 2018

Pipe rehabilitation in Germiston

Revitalising the Black Mac sewer

The experts in horizontal directional drilling

www.sastt.org.za

Legislation & Standards 28

Environmental Engineering Total containment with floating covers 31

Water & Wastewater Rural water supply in SA 32 Advancing the groundwater agenda 35

Cover Story New technology assures bitumen quality for SA roads

Smart pipeline assessment

SIPDM: Threat or opportunity?

Regulars Editor’s comment President’s comment Africa round-up Index to advertisers

New sewer brings relief to Stellenbosch

WS NE

INSIDE

ISSN 0257 1978

TRANSPORT, LOGISTICS, VEHICLES & EQUIPMENT Harambee: moving Ekurhuleni forward

SASTT Trenchless News New sewer brings relief to Stellenbosch Smart pipeline assessment Gearing up for No-Dig 2018 Pipe rehabilitation in Germiston Revitalising the Black Mac sewer The experts in horizontal directional drilling

40 43 44 45 46 48

Transport, Logistics, Vehicles & Equipment Harambee: moving Ekurhuleni forward The importance of workshop efficiencies New roller promises quality compaction A reputation for reliability New campus for Komatsu

50 52 53 55 56

Cement & Concrete Durability and longer service life 57 Precast speeds up housing delivery 61

CEMENT & CONCRETE Durability and longer service life

QUALITY & AFFORDABILITY

+27 11 045 6169 | +27 11 045 6163 | bfang@bwsem.co.za

EDITOR’S COMMENT

A non-payment culture

PUBLISHER Elizabeth Shorten MANAGING EDITOR Alastair Currie SENIOR JOURNALIST Danielle Petterson HEAD OF DESIGN Beren Bauermeister CHIEF SUB-EDITOR Tristan Snijders SUB-EDITOR Morgan Carter CONTRIBUTORS Gavin Clunnie, MO Dinka, Mpho Muloiwa, Bryan Perrie, Nigel Webb, Caliphs Zvinowanda CLIENT SERVICE & PRODUCTION MANAGER Antois-Leigh Botma PRODUCTION COORDINATOR Zenobia Daniels FINANCIAL DIRECTOR Andrew Lobban DISTRIBUTION MANAGER Nomsa Masina DISTRIBUTION COORDINATOR Asha Pursotham SUBSCRIPTIONS subs@3smedia.co.za PRINTERS United Litho Johannesburg +27 (0)11 402 0571 ___________________________________________________

unicipal non-payment defaulters are impacting negatively on South Africa’s macroeconomic recovery and contributing to the inflationary trough we’re currently experiencing. It’s a well-known scenario that needs intensive focus and one that’s being addressed within the three tiers of government, which need to put their own houses in order when it comes to paying creditors on time. Each municipality, and every government entity, must run as a going concern, so revenue collection and efficient expenditure management are vital and must not erode budget allocations for public works. Times are tough, and households and businesses are under major pressure, but is the non-payment of essential services like electricity and water a deeper issue when it comes to consumer behaviour and bad debt in general? Or does the blame lie with municipalities for inefficient collection methods? Those on the grid are measured and monitored, but there’s also a major informal settlement equation that is very difficult to manage without the cooperation of each and every municipal constituent. Either way, ongoing education and commitment from every service delivery stakeholder are absolute musts. Switching to the ‘pay as you go’ method will ensure that those that don’t pay are shut off, but that’s not the change that promotes commitment to NDP goals or South Africa’s future. In mid-August, National Treasury released its Q4 2016/17 local government and expenditure report for the financial year ending June 2017. This shows that aggregated municipal consumer debt amounted to R128.4 billion, with households responsible for around 64.8% or R83.1 billion. Naturally, this severely impacted on municipal cash flows, so it’s not surprising to see that the report states that some R43.8 billion was outstanding to creditors by the end of June 2017. This will hit SMMEs the hardest. Metropolitan municipalities, collectively, are owed around R64.9 billion: R40.6 billion due from households, and R18.3 billion from businesses. For smaller municipalities, the situation is even more

ADVERTISING SALES Jenny Miller Tel: +27 (0)11 467 6223 Email: jennymiller@lantic.net ___________________________________________________

PUBLISHER: MEDIA No. 9, 3rd Avenue, Rivonia 2056 PO Box 92026, Norwood 2117 Tel: +27 (0)11 233 2600 Fax: +27 (0)11 234 7274/5 www.3smedia.co.za ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION: R550.00 (INCL VAT) ISSN 0257 1978 IMIESA, Inst.MUNIC. ENG. S. AFR. © Copyright 2017. All rights reserved. ___________________________________________________ IMESA CONTACTS HEAD OFFICE: P.O. Box 2190, Westville, 3630 Tel: +27 (0)31 266 3263 Fax: +27 (0)31 266 5094 Email: admin@imesa.org.za Website: www.imesa.org.za BORDER Secretary: Celeste Vosloo Tel: +27 (0)43 705 2433 Fax: +27 (0)43 743 5266 Email: celestev@buffalocity.gov.za EASTERN CAPE Secretary: Susan Canestra Tel: +27 (0)41 585 4142 ext. 7 Fax: +27 (0)41 585 1066 Email: imesaec@imesa.org.za KWAZULU-NATAL Secretary: Ingrid Botton Tel: +27 (0)31 266 3263 Fax:+27 (0)31 266 5094 Email: imesakzn@imesa.org.za NORTHERN PROVINCE Secretary: Rona Fourie Tel: +27 (0)82 742 6364 Fax: +27 (0)86 634 5644 Email: np@imesa.org.za SOUTHERN CAPE KAROO Secretary: Henrietta Olivier Tel: +27 (0)79 390 7536 Fax: +27 (0)86 629 7490 Email: imesasck@imesa.org.za WESTERN CAPE Secretary: Michelle Ackerman Tel: +27 (0)21 444 7114 Email: imesawc@imesa.org.za FREE STATE & NORTHERN CAPE Secretary: Wilma Van Der Walt Tel: +27 (0)83 457 4362 Fax: +27 (0)86 628 0468 Email: imesafsnc@imesa.org.za

Water restrictions ignored Alongside concerns about defaulting debtors is another disturbing trend where consumers blatantly disregard publicised water restriction targets. Here, the priority is conservation, and not payment. In the City of Cape Town, for example, usage continues to exceed specified limits. Effective from July 2017, and until further notice, the city has implemented Level 4b water restrictions, which means that all households must use less than 87 ℓ per person per day. But despite the severity of the extended drought, over-consumption continues. Heavy fines will be imposed, which will help to control the situation, but won’t police non-metered users.

Blacklisting On another note, the Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS) recently announced that it is considering blacklisting individuals, companies and organisations that fail to meet debts due to the DWS. According to a media statement, “The department reported that, by the end of June 2017, it had only managed to collect R115 million out of more than R7 billion owed by municipalities and water boards.” Overall, it’s a complex situation of non-payment in a contracting economy. Payment for services is a national priority and every individual’s responsibility, so we can break this vicious cycle.

Alastair Currie

To our avid readers, check out what we are talking about on our website, Facebook page or follow us on Twitter and have your say.

struc www.infra

@infrastructure4

turene.ws

Infrastructure News

magazine The official of the Institute l Engineeri ng of Municipa Africa of Southern

INFRAST

es Technologisewer Trenchlessthe Black Mac

All material herein IMIESA is copyright protected and may not be reproduced either in whole or in part without the prior written permission of the publisher. The views of the authors do not necessarily reflect those of the Institute of Municipal Engineering of Southern Africa or the publishers.

pressing since they have limited ability to attract bridging finance based on projected and anticipated revenue streams.

Revitalising

PMENT RUCTUR E DEVELO

ewater Water & Wast ing the Advanc agenda groundwater

• MAINTE NANCE

• SERVICE DELIVER

Standards Legislation & or opportunity?

Cover opportunity

SIPDM: Threat

In each issue, IMIESA offers advertisers the opportunity to get to the front of the line by placing a company, product or service on the front cover of the journal. Buying this position will afford the advertiser the cover story and maximum exposure. For more information on cover bookings, contact Jenny Miller on +27 (0)11 467 6223. E YPAVerte SPRA r e bitu men conv Mult istag

SEAT

continent rest of the Africa and the in both South unities.” We are alignedage of growth opport s r, WEC Project to take advant rcial Directo • R50.00 Harlett Comme ber 2017

IN THE HOT Graham

1978 ISSN 0257

• Septem 2 No.09 Vo l u m e 4

) ( i n c l . VAT

IMIESA September 2017

INTRODUCING

MAXIMUS AND

SPARTACUS FROM THE BRAND THAT BROUGHT YOU MAXECO, COMES A WHOLE NEW ERA IN ALL-ROUND SAFETY FOOTWEAR.

WITH FULL LEATHER UPPER AND BELLOWS TONGUE

WITH HEEL GRIP COUNTER LINING AND PADDED COLLAR

WITH A 3MM WIDER SOLE UNIT

BY 17%* DUE TO THE SQUARE CLEAT DESIGN ON THE NEW SOLE

WITH A REFLECTIVE INSERT

DURABLE

COMFORTABLE

STURDY

SLIP-RESISTANT

VISIBLE

To find out more about the latest offering in ALL-ROUND SAFETY FOOTWEAR please contact us: 041 484 3291 * Compared to Maxeco based on SRA slip-resistance criteria

www.lemaitre.co.za

PRESIDENT’S COMMENT

IMESA

Building high-performance teams

his year has certainly been a turbulent one within our economic and political landscape. But the upside to this is that tough trading conditions and pressing questions from direct and local investors in terms of the current policy environment is drawing public and private entities closer together. We need to find new solutions to old problems, as well as creative responses to build our fragile economy. As we know, that will largely be driven by infrastructure developments. Back in November 2016, I attended the CESA Indaba in Durban where I was asked to talk on the importance of collaboration between professional entities, particularly when it comes to interfacing with municipal bodies. That served as one of the building blocks for subsequent discussions and developments between industry associations going into 2017. The idea is to use IMESA as a conduit for professional entities so that we can collectively air our views and concerns. IMESA can then pass these through to the South African Local Government Association (Salga). The purpose of this endeavour is to combine our efforts to empower and address the technical shortfalls being experienced within local authorities; otherwise, we won’t be able to respond effectively to the country’s challenges.

Our combined approach is in line with Salga’s Upliftment Programme of Local and District Councils. I believe the power is in the collective to help reenergise our infrastructure departments.

Voluntary associations Within this context, the role of the voluntary associations (VAs) is an important one. This year at the President and CEO’s Forum, held by the South African Institution of Civil Engineering, nine VA representatives out of 48 existing bodies attended. The main interest centered around taking the engineering industry forward in order to ensure the highest industry and education standards. This includes focusing on the process of preparing candidates for professional registration. The nine bodies that were present have formed a collective body referred to as the ‘association of professional engineering entities’ and now represent our industry in all its facets. This association will engage with statutory bodies and within the framework of the Council for the Built Environment Act (No. 43 of 2000) to ensure that positive change takes place, with a key emphasis on accelerating transformation initiatives.

2017, I had the opportunity to attend the International Public Works Conference, hosted by the IPWEA (Institute of Public Works Engineering Australasia) in Perth, Australia. IMESA is a member of the International Federation of Municipal Engineering (IFME) and the IFME board meeting took place at the conference. I sit on the board as the South African representative. We have much to learn from our international counterparts, but I’m proud to say that our local projects remain first-class. In the meantime, preparations are going well for our own conference in October, which will be held between 25 and 27 October 2017. The conference is endorsed by Salga and will serve as an excellent springboard for furthering collaborative efforts within the public and private arenas. It’s an event not to be missed.

International benchmarks Learning from global best practices is an important part of the journey; in August

IMESA president Gavin Clunnie

IMIESA September 2017

The multistage bitumen converter uses pressure, heat and air to manipulate bitumen on a molecular level

SprayPave has acquired technology new to the African continent that aims to resolve the shortage of high-grade bitumen for asphalt production.

New technology assures bitumen quality for SA roads TIMELINE

1981

SprayPave was established to offer binder spraying and hauling services, and was expanded to include the manufacture of bitumen binders in 2007, with its first bitumen emulsion produced in Alrode, Gauteng.

2010

SprayPave purchased an emulsion business in Durban, not only increasing its footprint, but also broadening its range of bitumen emulsions, cutbacks, precoating fluids and primes.

2012

SprayPave responded to the bitumen supply crisis in South Africa by exploring global technologies.

2014

SprayPave opened its Cape Town emulsion plant. The multistage bitumen converter was commissioned on this site in 2016. Testing commenced immediately to prepare for SABS accreditation of the converted bitumen products as per SANS BT1:2016.

IMIESA September 2017

prayPave, a leading manufacturer and supplier of bitumen, modified binders and emulsions for road construction, has procured a multistage bitumen converter that changes bituminous products from one grade to another. This enables SprayPave to enhance the penetration grades of bitumen required to produce asphalt. The 20 tph multistage bitumen converter was acquired from Technix Industries in New Zealand, a company that has been in the bitumen business for over 100 years and is a global leader in bitumen technologies. The unit, located at SprayPave’s Cape Town plant, is the second to be commissioned worldwide after Fiji. “We can now achieve predictable and repeatable conversion of penetrationgrade bitumen available from South African refineries to grades that are both lower in penetration and higher in

softening point than the feedstock bitumen,” says Eddie Jansen van Vuuren, general manager, SprayPave.

SABS certification “Following several months of testing, we are delighted to have received SABS test results, which show that the 50/70 produced conforms to the SANS 4001-BT1 specification.” Bitumen is an essential binding agent in asphalt. It is produced by refineries as a by-product of crude oil, but can only be supplied in broad grade ranges that seldom meet asphalt design specifications. The multistage bitumen converter uses pressure, heat and air to precisely convert bituminous refinery feedstocks into superior-quality bitumen. The softness, penetration index and physical properties of the bitumen can be changed to meet exact design specifications. Jansen van Vuuren points out that this technology addresses current and

COVER STORY future issues around local bitumen supply, particularly in regions such as the Western Cape where refineries are unable to provide suitable penetration grades of bitumen for road binders. The converter can modify 70/100 penetrationgrade bitumen to 50/70 or even 10/20, which is required for new high-modulus asphalt designs.

New specifications With certain chemical additives, the converter can also produce multigrade bitumen with specifications and performance characteristics spanning several penetration grades. “This is particularly significant as it will help manufacturers to comply with the new Performance Grade (PG) bitumen specifications in South Africa,” he says. These specifications aim to improve the assessment of deformation resistance, fatigue properties, long-term performance and cracking potential of bitumen as an asphalt binder. By enhancing bitumen penetration grades, the multistage bitumen converter can help asphalt producers to ensure they are using multigrade bitumen products that comply with the PG specifications.

The technology To understand the technology, one needs to be aware of the complexity of bitumen as a substance: • There are more than 1 500 different crude oils in existence. • Bitumen yield ranges from 60% to practically 0%. • Each crude composition differs, as does the bitumen produced from it. Bitumen is essentially a “wild mixture” of different substance groups: saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes (SARA). You have goodquality bitumen if the SARA groups are present in the right balance to each other. Asphaltenes are important, as they build the backbone of the bitumen. A well-balanced ratio of asphaltenes to resins yields high-quality bitumen. This can be achieved by engineering bitumen with the multistage converter.

Through the controlled processes in the converter, including the addition of pressure, heat and air, it is possible to rearrange chemical structures respectively to create asphaltenes. The gentle process and highly efficient addition of air and, therefore, oxygen (air rectification), preserves the highly polar aromatic/resin fraction and minimises coke build-up. SprayPave owns one of the few IATROSCAN units in Southern Africa that can undertake SARA compositional analysis to ensure that quality bitumen is produced at its facilities in Alberton, Durban and Cape Town.

Multigrade bitumen Multigrade bitumen is higher-performance “premium grade” bitumen with performance characteristics that span multiple grades of bitumen. It is produced by chemically modifying conventional-grade bitumen to obtain improved properties over a wider road surface temperature range. The bitumen feedstock is permanently modified in terms of its major physical properties, viscosity and penetration, using reagents and air rectification at briefly elevated temperatures in the multistage bitumen converter plant to achieve molecular rearrangements. The process stabilises the composition of the bitumen while

Members of the SprayPave management team (from left): Danashia Padayachee, technical manager; Leslie Webb, branch manager: Cape Town; Victor Hannival, sales and marketing Western Cape; Eddie Jansen van Vuuren, general manager; Edwin Perumal, estimator; Willem Greeff, financial manager; Kalay Govender, branch manager: Durban; and Andre du Plessis, technical specialist

From left to right: SprayPave GM Eddie Jansen van Vuuren, Technix Industries owners Lynda and John Matthews, and Saied Solomons of Sabita

preserving precious resins. The modifications made to the feedstock bitumen by the converter are permanent and will not revert back to the lower-performance characteristics of conventional-grade bitumen. Multigrade bitumen is characterised by being less temperature sensitive when compared with conventional-grade bitumen. It has the properties of hard-grade bitumen at high pavement temperatures coupled with the properties of softgrade bitumen at low pavement temperatures. Roads paved using asphalt with multigrade bitumen benefit from: • improved resistance to deformation, leading to reduced rutting and shoving of hot-mix asphalt pavements • reduced seal cracking at low pavement temperatures • reduced bleeding and chip stripping of chipsealed roads • greatly enhanced pavement life and reduced maintenance costs. Multigrade bitumen has better temperature stability, is more cost-effective compared to conventional-grade bitumen, can be used wherever conventional-grade bitumen is used for hot-mix asphalt and chip sealing, can be emulsified in the same way as conventional bitumen, can be transported and stored cold or hot, and can be handled and applied similarly to conventional bitumen.

www.spraypave.co.za

IMIESA September 2017

INFRASTRUCTURE NEWS

FROM AROUND THE CONTINENT

Nigeria has committed to completing the Lagos–Ibadan standard-gauge rail service by December 2018

CAMEROON New hydroelectric plant Work has begun on the Lom Pangar Dam power plant in eastern Cameroon. Cameroon’s Minister of Water and Energy, Atangana Kouna Basile, warmly welcomed the new 30 MW plant, noting that 10 million Cameroonians do not have access to electricity. The Lom Pangar power plant is a key project within the strategy to develop the hydroelectric potential of the Sanaga River, which includes construction of a reservoir dam designed to fully supply the Song Loulou power plant (335 MW) in times of low flow and to increase production at the Edea power plant (224 MW). The plant will increase the availability of electricity for households in the départements of Lom Pangar, Bertoua-Batouri and AbongMbang, and respond to growing electricity demand in the country.

MOROCCO Innovative PV solution Morocco will soon be able to generate solar power through an innovative, hybrid

concentrated solar power (CSP) and photovoltaic (PV) solution. The Midelt Phase 1 Concentrated Solar Power Project consists of two separate CSP plants, each with 150 MW to 190 MW CSP capacity, and a minimum of five hours of thermal storage. The envisaged installed capacity of the PV component could reach approximately 150 MW to 210 MW, making the total capacity of each of the proposed plants 300 MW to 400 MW and the total capacity of this first phase 600 MW to 800 MW. The project’s innovative hybrid solar design is also built on a unique publicprivate partnership between the Moroccan Agency for Sustainable Energy (Masen) and private sector sponsors – with a build, own, operate and transfer project structure and implementation approach.

completed by the end of 2018. Minister of Transportation Rotimi Amaechi said there have been some challenges to the project, including two pedestrian bridges in Lagos that are too low, as well as an ongoing flyover bridge at Ijoko. Problems have also occurred with the rail’s right of way. The height of the bridges therefore needs to be raised to accommodate future electrification of the train’s right of way. The governor has also approved the closure of the two roads abutting the bridge to solve the issues with the train’s right of way.

TANZANIA Developing geothermal energy The Climate Investment Funds (CIF) has approved $21.7 million for the United Republic of Tanzania to finance its Geothermal Energy Development Project. The project will develop the Ngozi geothermal steam field in south-western Tanzania and ultimately showcase the technology’s broader potential in the country’s energy transformation. It involves

conducting exploratory test drilling and installing the required steam-gathering infrastructure in the Ngozi geothermal site. Ultimately, the project is also expected to have transformational effects not only on Tanzania and its energy sector but also more broadly in the Great Rift Valley region. The project’s 100 MW generation will be added to the country’s energy mix, adding up to 823 GWh per year to the grid.

UGANDA Bringing BRT to Kampala Uganda will implement the bus rapid transport (BRT) concept in order to decongest its capital, Kampala. Minister for Transport Aggrey Bagaiire made the announcement after his visit to the Dar es Salaam Rapid Transport (DART) project in Tanzania. The DART was implemented in May last year, making Dar es Salaam East Africa’s first city to implement a BRT system. The Tanzanian government will assist Uganda in order to successfully implement the BRT system.

NIGERIA Railway construction to meet 2018 deadline

Uganda is to implement a BRT system in Kampala

The Nigerian government has announced that it will ensure that the Lagos–Ibadan standard-gauge rail service is

$21.7 million Funding for Tanzania’s geothermal energy development project

FAST FACTS

10 million

Cameroonians without access to electricity

2018

The year in which Nigeria's Lagos–Ibadan rail service is set to be completed IMIESA September 2017

HOT SEAT

Adding value

through innovation

IMIESA talks to Graham Harlett, commercial director at WEC Projects, about the company’s capabilities in water purification, wastewater and downstream renewable energy, with reference to specific technologies and projects. What will WEC be showcasing at IFAT Africa 2017?

Could you expand on the benefits of Nereda technology?

Wemmershoek Nereda installation

GH We are excited to be showcasing a number of our high-value-add technologies including Nereda®, our sludge treatment technologies and products that have been a mainstay at WEC for the last decade – such as our decentralised modular treatment systems. Decentralised treatment plants are possibly more in the spotlight again today as a result of the severe drought we have been experiencing and also the continual rapid growth of communities that do not have access to reticulated and centralised treatment systems.

Nereda is an extremely compelling proposition for bulk sewage treatment as it very effectively addresses many of the challenges our sector faces as a result of the sanitation infrastructure backlog. First, we are all aware of the budget constraints that obstruct many bulk sewage treatment plant capacity upgrade projects. The constraints are on both the initial capital costs of the infrastructure, and also on the operational costs after commissioning. Energy consumption is a major contributor to these operational costs and Eskom is facing a supply crisis. The issue is compounded by the fact that

electricity prices are escalating at levels we have never experienced before in South Africa. Second, we are running out of land. We can no longer afford to construct plants that don’t optimise land use. I don’t agree with people who say that, in some areas, space is not a constraint. This is a shortsighted position. If you can optimise space, then optimise space! Thirdly, we cannot compromise on the quality of the effluent we discharge to the environment. Finally, we need to innovate. Innovation is what will provide us with a way out of this predicament. This means innovation in technologies, procurement, operations and in project financing. Everything! If your organisation is not innovating while the rest of the world is, you are – in relative terms – going backwards.

We are aligned both in South Africa and the rest of the continent to take advantage of growth opportunities.” Graham Harlett, commercial director, WEC Projects

IMIESA September 2017

WEC Projects’ annular packaged sewage treatment plant

HOT SEAT

What excites me about Nereda is that it is such a well-rounded solution. For example, if you were building a bulk sewage treatment plant, Nereda would probably take up less than half the space compared to a conventional activated sludge plant. This is due to its innovative one-tank design, which allows all nutrient removal processes and final settling to happen in a single tank. You do not need separate nutrient removal zones, nor do you require final settling tanks. What’s more, you get this incredible space saving, together with massive reductions in energy consumption. Add to that the possibilities of significant capex reductions. A Nereda reactor is typically much smaller than a conventional plant and so it is intuitive that your construction costs will be less. Nereda also treats effluent to the highest quality that is not only comparable to conventional systems, but better with regard to nutrient removal. I feel that other technologies trade energy costs with a higher footprint, or effluent quality with energy costs. You don’t need to make that compromise with Nereda. It’s also a proven, reliable technology that can be implemented on a very large scale.

Are there good prospects in Africa? We have deployed hundreds of decentralised treatment systems to provide drinking water to rural communities all over the continent, and have provided the process water treatment infrastructure for mines in all of the major mining areas. We are involved in both bulk sewage treatment projects and bulk water treatment projects in Africa.

Can you expand on WEC’s packaged treatment solutions? We have been developing our packaged treatment offering for over a decade now and we really do consider ourselves experts when it comes to taking a treatment technology and packaging it into a modular/ containerised plant. Our plants are tough, and their installation should be seriously considered.

Is the mini-hydropower solution for Mhlontlo Local Municipality part of a diversification strategy into the broader renewable energy market? As far as projects that we have completed go, this one stands out as one of the best. Yes, it’s good to diversify but we felt it was a natural progression from creating energy and electricity from the wastewater stream. Why not create

electricity from the clean water stream too? It makes sense to me not just because of the realities of our power supply issues, but because of how you can use an energy source like flowing water to rotate mechanical equipment that ultimately generates electricity.

What is WEC’s involvement in the biogasto-energy market to date? We are very involved in this sector in South Africa. We did something very special with the turnkey supply of the biogas-to-combinedheat-and-power plant (CHP) at Johannesburg Water’s Northern Wastewater Treatment Works. It’s an excellent example of an effective design/build procurement model. I cannot see any reason why there shouldn’t be a biogas-to-energy plant on every single bulk sewage treatment works above a certain threshold. Here in South Africa, our installation is the only one of its kind currently in operation. Overseas, it is quite the opposite and you hardly find a plant that doesn’t have a CHP component attached to it. We have successfully completed a number of biogas-to-energy projects in the private sector too. Our focus on biogas-to-energy solutions includes abattoirs, breweries, landfill applications and, of course, bulk sewage treatment installations.

Could you expand on the Struvex technology offering? Struvex technology enables us to recover phosphates from a wastewater plant in a controlled manner, which provides numerous benefits to the client. By removing phosphates, you are able to increase how dry the sludge is and its dewaterability, considerably reducing sludge disposal costs. It also significantly reduces poly consumption at dewatering facilities. Uncontrolled precipitation of phosphates causes struvite formation in pipeworks and can completely block pipes, causing expensive shutdowns and repair work. By

Struvite build-up in a pipe

recovering phosphates, the cumulative buildup of phosphates in a plant is prevented. Furthermore, the removal of phosphates from the wastewater stream reduces total organic load on the works by eliminating the recycling of phosphates. Phosphates in the form of MAP also have a commercial value and can be sold to the fertiliser industry.

What are the current key challenges for South Africa’s water and wastewater markets? I think our industry needs to have a discussion around procurement. I talk a lot about adding value; however, the systems and framework we work within must enable companies with valueadding capacity to transfer this to the client. We talk of innovation but, for some reason, reserve a discussion around innovation for technologies only. We need to innovate in all areas, including procurement.

www.wecprojects.com

IMIESA September 2017

PUBLIC BUILDINGS

Investing in a just future The Independent Development Trust (IDT) is bringing justice closer to the people by building new courts that also pass on job and skills development opportunities within the regions they serve.

n entity of the Department of Public Works, the IDT is one of a select number of organisations that have been tasked with delivering social infrastructure within diverse communities and across various sectors on behalf of government. The organisation was contracted by the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development (DOJ&CD) in 2009 to build five new courts in different provinces. This forms part of the DOJ&CD’s mandate to build a justice system that places the victims of crimes first and also ensures that the courts and service points run smoothly. The IDT was tasked with building the following courts: •N tuzuma Magistrate’s Court in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal • L impopo High Court in Polokwane, Limpopo •M pumalanga High Court in Nelspruit, Mpumalanga •P lettenberg Bay Magistrate’s Court, Western Cape

IMIESA September 2017

•B ooysens Magistrate’s Court in Johannnesburg, Gauteng The IDT has completed two of these facilities to date since the start of the programme in 2012, namely the Ntuzuma Magistrate’s Court in 2013 and the Limpopo High Court, which was officially opened in November 2016. The remaining courts are at an advanced stage of construction. At the time of going to press, the Mpumalanga High Court was 95% completed, with excellent progress being made on the Plettenberg Bay and Booysens Magistrate’s courts, where works are now more than 70% and 55% completed, respectively. The government has invested millions of rands in building quality courts that will be used for many years to come. In the process, the IDT, in partnership with government, is also ensuring that local communities benefit from their construction by creating much-needed jobs. During a recent address, Minister of Public Works Nathi Nhleko said that “government is taking deliberate steps to grow and develop contractors from historically marginalised groups”.

COMPLETED POLOKWANE HIGH COURT The construction of the Polokwane High Court started on 12 August 2013 and was completed on 13 July 2015. The High Court consists of two seven-storey tower buildings. These house the following: • Six criminal courts • Ten civil courts • Judges’ chambers • Family advocate offices • State Attorney’s offices • National Prosecution Authority offices • Ablution facilities

PUBLIC BUILDINGS

NTUZUMA MAGISTRATE’S COURT UNDER CONSTRUCTION Ntuzuma Magistrate’s Court facilities: • Criminal court • Civil courts • Regional courts • Holding cells • Administration offices

MPUMALANGA HIGH COURT The construction of the Mpumalanga High Court commenced on 9 September 2015 and it will be completed at the end of December 2017. The court will have: • Eighteen judges’ chambers • Six criminal courts • Six civil courts • SAPS holding cells • Offices of the State Attorney, Legal Aid South Africa, Master of the High Court and National Prosecuting Authority (NPA) • Ablution facilities In building the court, the IDT created 1 108 job opportunities for the local communities.

PLETTENBERG BAY MAGISTRATE’S COURT UNDER CONSTRUCTION The construction period at Plettenberg Bay is 20 months and is expected to be completed in September 2017. The court houses the following: • Magistrates offices • One high court • Two regional courts • Three criminal courts • Two civil courts

BOOYSENS MAGISTRATE'S COURT UNDER CONSTRUCTION Construction of the Booysens Magistrate's Court commenced on 2 June 2016 and will be completed in February 2018. The court consists of: • One high court • Two civil courts • An equality court • Holding cells • Family advocate services • Cash hall • Administration and court offices • Ablution facilities

• An equality court • Cell holding rooms • Family advocate services • Cash hall • Administration and court offices

About the IDT The IDT is a Schedule 2 state-owned entity that manages the implementation and delivery of critically needed social infrastructure programmes on behalf of government. The organisation reports to the Minister of Public Works, who is the shareholder representative.

www.idt.org.za

IMIESA September 2017

MUNICIPAL FOCUS | TSHWANE

Igniting excellence

The government of Tshwane is committed to repositioning the city for major growth without neglecting the needs of its poorest residents.

or the 2017/18 financial year, the City of Tshwane has allocated a budget of R1.1 billion for integrated transpor t infrastructure to boost its intermodal connectivity across the metropolitan zone – the second largest in Gauteng, after Johannesburg. Of this amount, R34 million has been allocated for Wonderboom National Airport, R375.8 million for roads, and R669.2 million for the A Re Yeng bus rapid transit (BRT) system.

The city has a sound track record of infrastructure delivery in this segment, illustrated by the fact that Tshwane's Roads and Transport Department exceeded its annual project delivery targets for the 2016/17 financial year. One of the key successes is the progressive implementation of the Integrated Development Plan in the Soshanguve area where construction works have been extensive. Examples include Block BB Central, where 3 229 km of roads have been surfaced and 1 482 km of sidewalks implemented alongside allied stormwater and related services.

The way forward

Cllr Solly Msimanga, executive mayor, City of Tshwane

IMIESA September 2017

During his State of the Capital Address (SOCA) in April 2017, Executive Mayor Cllr Solly Msimanga highlighted a number of key challenges that need to be addressed, with infrastructure being a major focus area. Access to affordable and sustainable electricity and water supply, job creation and housing are some of the priorities. The city currently has 133 informal settlements, the majority of which receive no basic services and this is a focus in the 2017/18 budget. As a starting point, seven informal settlements will be formalised in terms of Project Tirane, with R106.2 million set aside for this during 2017/18. These areas will be upgraded to fully serviced stands, with some areas provided with bulk infrastructure.

BUDGET HIGHLIGHTS Some of the key focus areas of the budget and IDP to be addressed in the 2017/18 financial year include: INDUSTRIAL Revitalisation of industrial and economic nodes (Rosslyn, Babelegi, Ekandustria, Ga-Rankuwa): R346 million HOUSING AND HUMAN SETTLEMENTS • Project-linked housing – water provision: R270.2 million • Sewerage – low-cost housing: R262.7 million • Roads and stormwater – low-cost housing: R351.5 million TRANSPORT • Mabopane Station modal interchange: R60 million • Internal roads – northern areas: R65.3 million • BRT – transport infrastructure: R669.2 million • Flooding backlogs – networks and drainage canals: R17.6 million • Major stormwater drainage systems: R7.2 million

Focusing on TSHWANE Providing insight into the ever-changing nature of land-use, demographics and socio-economic factors in the Capital

Tshwane will also invest R480 million over the medium term in rudimentary basic services. “Turning around the city’s finances is our apex priority so that we can deal with the infrastructure that the former administration made no provision for and allowed to suffer from years of neglect with respect to preventative maintenance,” he said during his SOCA. “To put this in context, a meagre 4% was allocated for preventative maintenance of water infrastructure. To address this, in part, the city made an initial R13 million investment into the restoration of water infrastructure, and it has tendered for a R2 billion contract to refurbish, upgrade and replace some of the ailing infrastructure that was neglected.”

Investment destination In line with its smart city vision, Tshwane is in the process of “modernising its approach to investment attraction, facilitation and aftercare”. The city has set a target of attracting R10.8 billion worth of investment. The investor portal, which went live from 1 July 2017, successfully achieves one of the new administration's 10 manifesto mandates, namely “one electronic portal and dedicated support for investors and developers”. “Apart from centralising all investment and development applications, the implementation of the investor portal will enable the city to engage with potential foreign and local investors in an electronic manner using the city's successful e-Tshwane platform that is underpinned by e-enablement,” explained Msimanga. “e-Enablement and its various touch points support the deployment of smart forms and service enablement in a uniform manner, providing clients with agility, service improvement and significantly decreased time to market. “Through the implementation of Phase 1 of the investment portal, potential foreign and local investors will be able to complete

Key indicators for the period 2012/13 to 2016 New developments (excluding densiﬁcation)

2,016 ha

New developments in Mamelodi area over the 8 months

373 ha 13 %

Dominant age class

Growth in backyard structures

25-29 years 49%

and submit investment applications electronically via the e-Tshwane portal. In addition to the electronic submission of investment project applications, the investor portal will also enable potential investors to submit innovative investment proposals, request investment-specific information and escalate ser vice deliver y issues that have been reported but not yet addressed.” The City of Tshwane acknowledges that business retention and expansion, often referred to as investment aftercare, stimulate growth in the local economy and are also the most effective, economical and sustainable means of creating new employment opportunities. In this regard, Tshwane is in the process of rolling out its investor/business aftercare ser vices programme to nurture core industries, of which automotive manufacturing is one of the most important. According to the Automotive Industr y Development Centre, Tshwane produces 40% of South Africa’s vehicle output, with Rosslyn being one of the main centres. Here, recent growth plans by BMW (worth R6 billion) and Nissan (an expansion from 40 000 to 80 000 units) will continue to

Growth in informal structures

23%

Growth in residential structures

Other Solutions

Commercial, Financial & Marketing Natural Resource Management Demand & Load Forecasting New Building Developments Telecoms/ RF Planning Service Agriculture Land Use

www.geoterraimage.com

MUNICIPAL FOCUS | TSHWANE

provide positive macro-economic spin-offs for the city. This will receive longer-term support by the proposed development of the Tshwane Automotive City as a publicprivate partnership. Tshwane has also identified the Wonderboom National Airport as one of the municipality's most important strategic assets. Wonderboom is the only cityowned commercial airport in South Africa, so its further development presents a unique opportunity for Tshwane to create a new tourism and commercial hub. The budget allocation for Wonderboom is R84 million over the medium term.

Sustainability Tshwane is also committed to leading in South Africa as a sustainable city. Speaking at the recent 2017 African Capital Cities Sustainability Forum, Msimanga cited examples such as Bio2Watt, a private sector collaboration with BMW as the off-taker for biogasderived energy, and the city’s BRT

system, which includes compressed natural gas buses. “Tshwane is already leading in the green building space with the most certified green buildings in South Africa,” Msimanga said at the forum. “A good example is the recently occupied Tshwane House – the City of Tshwane’s new R2 billion headquarters and a five-stargraded green building.” Tshwane is also committed to promoting renewable energy via its embedded power generation initiative. This encourages residents to generate solar power from a rooftop panel during the day, and sell their excess to the city. This innovation mitigates both the economic impact and inconvenience of load-shedding, and saves on the cost of buying electricity at peak rates. The city closed the last financial year with a deficit in excess of R2 billion, so finding creative ways to lower unnecessary costs is a plus, and will certainly help Tshwane grow a sustainable economy.

MUNICIPAL FOCUS | TSHWANE

Mapping Tshwane

As cities grow and change over time, municipalities need an increasing amount of data in order to manage infrastructure and service delivery.

opulations and traffic pressure across South Africa continue to rise, placing increasing pressure on municipalities to develop good spatial planning and shift towards mixed-use developments in order to deliver services more efficiently. The City of Tshwane, for example, saw over 2 000 ha of growth between 2012 and 2015. According to Stuart Martin, director: Business Development, GeoTerraImage, the city has grown significantly to the east and south, with substantial growth in township areas. There was over 400 ha of development in the Mamelodi area in the past eight months. Martin predicts that the massive growth in Tshwane will continue, particularly given the large amount of open space around the city. However, he cautions that municipalities like Tshwane need to actively shape the way they allow cities to develop. “Municipalities are often left to deal with the fallout of massive private development. Having good, accurate data can help them proactively manage where development could and should happen and account for the necessary related infrastructure,” says Martin. Municipalities, therefore, need

access to accurate geospatial information in order to develop sound plans and strategies for city development. GeoTerraImage uses satellite and aerial imagery to provide an independent assessment of actual land usage for both municipalities and private sector clients. In this way, the company is able to provide consistent information on the past and present, as well as provide future predictions across a number of metrics.

Tshwane: the bigger picture The growth in Tshwane, as in many South African cities, has seen people moving further and further away from work opportunities. According to Martin, massive growth in informal settlements around the city has led to greater numbers of people travelling into and around the city on a daily basis. This, in turn, has led to a greater need for effective public transport options and mixed-use developments. The number of residential structures in Tshwane has increased by 23%, while informal structures and backyard structures have increased by 19% and 13%, respectively. This growth has a direct

impact on infrastructure, which needs to be planned and accounted for. “Cities need to do the right type of analysis to determine where they allow development to happen. They need to quantify the change by looking at day- and night-time populations and densification patterns. This will assist in establishing where to create mixed-land-use scenarios. And we can give them this data,” explains Martin. GeoTerraImage has worked with multiple metropolitan municipalities to provide analyses of the geospatial patterns, looking at population growth and movement within the municipalities and their surrounds. “A municipality is a complex thing, made up of many different sectors. We can provide a full breakdown, giving municipalities the bigger picture they need to inform their decision-making process,” concludes Martin.

www.geoterraimage.com

GROWING CONCERNS

2 016 ha New developments

373 ha

New developments in Mamelodi

13%

Growth in backyard structures

19%

Growth in informal structures

New developments 2013 to 2017 Developments 1990 to 2013 Extent of the city in 1990

23%

Growth in residential structures

25-29

Dominant age class

IMIESA September 2017

A WIRTGEN GROUP COMPANY

Ciber asphalt plants YOUR BEST CHOICE

iNOVA 2000

www.ciber.com.br

ciberoficial

59 YEARS OF TRADITION IN ASPHALT PLANTS THAT MEETS ALL YOUR WORK NEEDS. Compact, fully mobile and easy assembly; Dedicated dryer drum for effective moisture removal; External Pug-Mill mixer that ensures excellent mixes; Filtering system that meets the most rigid environmental standards; Control system very accurate and easy to operate. www.wirtgen-group.com/southafrica

WIRTGEN SOUTH AFRICA (Pty) Ltd. · R52 Maple Street · Pomona · Kempton Park 1619 · T: +27 (0)11 452 1838 E-mail: sales.southafrica@wirtgen-group.com

CIBER Equipamentos Rodoviários Ltda · Rua Senhor do Bom Fim, 177 · 91140-380 Porto Alegre/RS · Brazil · T: +55 51 3364 9200

MUNICIPAL FOCUS | TSHWANE

Taking the lead on infrastructure

ABOVE Jacob Mamabolo, MEC for the Gauteng Department of Infrastructure Development LEFT & TOP The Kekana Gardens mini-clinic is the first of its kind to be constructed in Gauteng

The Gauteng Department of Infrastructure Development (GDID) is spearheading change with the roll-out of an innovative model for the healthcare sector, alongside its recent appointment as the interdepartmental custodian for infrastructure delivery in the province.

he Gauteng Provincial Government’s (GPG’s) exco has established an interdepartmental unit to ensure the proper selection, prioritisation, sequencing, assurance and monitoring of infrastructure projects. Tentatively called the Gauteng Infrastructure Coordination Office (GICO), this will be housed within the GDID under the leadership of MEC Jacob Mamabolo. Over the past two to three years, the GDID has made significant strides to improve its performance and reputation with its clients and currently manages a property portfolio of

around R32 billion, making it well placed to lead the GICO initiative. The GDID’s role is to build, manage and maintain public infrastructure for the education and health sectors, plus other client departments in the province. The GICO’s mandate is to address key infrastructure delivery challenges in the province. According to a GDID statement, capital budgeting frameworks are currently fragmented across sectors and spheres of government; and the financial implications of operating and maintenance costs are often not considered. Additionally, tight fiscal constraints limit investment, even for good projects; plus there is

no explicit mechanism to commit budgets beyond the three-year horizon of the mediumterm expenditure framework; and there is sometimes poor alignment between annual appropriations and the flow of lumpy and uncertain project expenses. Moving forward, the GICO will: • standardise the selection, prioritisation, sequencing, assurance and monitoring of infrastructure projects with simple, coherent, appropriate and uniform methodologies • standardise the appraisal of budget submissions • ensure that the full life-cycle costs of projects are explicitly considered during the planning stage and adequately budgeted for, and anticipated in, future budgets • establish a single window and consistent operating procedure for dealing with budget submissions for infrastructure projects from all GPG departments, which draws on the wide range of expertise available from other public and private sector institutions, and makes standardised recommendations to Gauteng Provincial Treasury and GPG exco • train and improve the capability of senior managers within the GPG to understand the characteristics of infrastructure projects,

IMIESA September 2017

A strong foundation for infrastructure success

engage with the standard methods and technical aspects of project design and appraisal, and provide strategic leadership in the planning and execution of projects in terms of the Standard for Infrastructure Procurement and Delivery Management. By embracing this mandate, the GDID is entering a new era that will see it playing an active role in addressing many of the challenges currently being experienced, while also leveraging a number of opportunities to change the manner in which infrastructure is planned and delivered. However, as the GDID points out, this will not take place overnight. “It’s a long-term journey that requires a significant shift in the manner in which we think about providing inclusive infrastructure for GPG,” Mamabolo points out. “It will also require strong commitment from within and outside the department.” The development of the GDID’s Lutsinga House, a project management nerve centre launched in 2016, has already laid the groundwork for the effective near real-time monitoring of infrastructure programmes.

Kekana Gardens clinic

I15457

The construction of the National Health Insurance (NHI) Scheme Phase 1 pilot clinic in Kekana Gardens, near Hammanskraal, serves as a sound example of how the GDID is working interdepartmentally to effect positive change. Now at an advanced stage of construction, this will be the first of its kind in the province. GDID’s civil and electrical engineers, project managers and architects, and officials from the Department of Health have developed a smart construction model for mini-clinics with ready-made designs for replication on future projects. This is a turnkey solution: all basic construction and build components are delivered as a complete package. A further benefit is that the province will now be able to develop indicative cost projections for the construction of small clinics with more certainty in line with the goals of the GICO. The NHI small clinic model consists of 11 health and support services elements designed to cater for 37 000 patients per annum. These include a central pharmacy, dental ward, HIV/ARV counselling, a mental health unit, limited emergency stabilisation, physiotherapy and occupational therapy units, a youth and community group room, family planning and antenatal care, and a PMCT room (prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV). Green technology elements include solar power to lower mains electricity consumption, and the allied employment of natural lighting. LEDs are also used as a low-energy alternative. A bio-treatment sewer plant forms part of the Kekana Gardens project, tailor-made for local conditions with all components designed and manufactured in South Africa.

ROCLA is South Africa’s leading manufacturer of pre-cast concrete products. Surpassing 100 years of product excellence, including pipes, culverts, manholes, poles, retaining walls, roadside furniture, sanitation and other related products within infrastructure development and related industries.

Visit us on www.rocla.co.za for our nationwide branches

ENGINEERING COUNCIL OF SOUTH AFRICA

Championing registration and transformation IMIESA talks to Sipho Madonsela, CEO of the Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA), about the organisation’s strategic role in growing and sustaining talent in line with local and international benchmarks. To view the online video interview, visit www.infrastructurene.ws What is ECSA’s mandate? SM ECSA is a statutory body that regulates the engineering profession in terms of the Engineering Professions Act (No. 46 of 2000). We manage the registration of engineering practitioners and also ensure the accreditation of engineering programmes in different institutions of higher learning.

What have been some of the positive changes introduced at ECSA since your appointment in 2014? We’ve introduced much more focused and smaller high-impact committees to improve efficiency and effectiveness. We have also revised our registration model to ensure that the process is faster and more effective. Most importantly, the introduction of an online registration system to move from a paper-based process to an electronic system is imminent.

Do you feel that the engineering landscape is now more inclusive? Beyond baseline academic entry requirements, engineering as a profession is now open for everyone interested in following this exciting career path, both men and women. It’s particularly encouraging to note that an increasing number of students from previously disadvantaged communities are enrolling for engineering programmes in our institutions of higher learning.

What are the current statistics regarding registered persons? Our database of registered persons, which includes candidate applications, has shown a steady increase in number over the past four years. We currently have 51 063 registered persons – up from 43 118 in December 2012.

How do South Africa’s engineering standards compare with our global counterparts? The standard of engineering in South Africa is high. Our programmes and processes are globally competitive; hence, we are the only African member country of the International Engineering Alliance (IEA).

It’s important to instill an interest in engineering at an early age. What is ECSA doing to create more awareness? As part of our engineering awareness efforts, we have a programme called ENGENUIS. Through this, we conduct workshops in both primary and secondary schools throughout the country to promote the engineering profession. We also attend different exhibitions where we create an awareness of the engineering profession.

ECSA uses a peer review system in most of its processes. What are the benefits? We believe that the use of peer review is an effective system. This provides an opportunity for experienced and qualified engineers to contribute to the betterment and improvement of the profession. Registration processes are reviewed and moderated by independent parties, with no undue influence.

To view the online video interview, visit www.infrastructurene.ws

ECSA conforms to global engineering education and competence standards. It is particularly encouraging to note that this development enables ECSA-registered persons to gain recognition of their qualifications in other IEA signatory countries. We gained a similar acknowledgement in 2016 for the International Professional Engineers Agreement (IPEA) for recognition of our International Professional Engineers across signatories of the IPEA. ECSA is encouraged by the confirmation of its standards and processes by the IEA for the Washington Accord education programmes. The South African engineering profession is globally compliant.

What role is ECSA playing within the African continent? Through its role as a Secretariat of the Southern African Federation of Engineering Organisations, South Africa has, through ECSA, begun an initiative to assist other African countries with their recognition to the accords and agreements, and this is aimed at ensuring that their educational programmes and accreditation processes meet the requirements of the IEA.

What’s the status regarding the court case SAICE has against ECSA and the Department of Public Works? We have proactively initiated discussion with SAICE (the South African Institution of Civil Engineering) on our differences. Through effective stakeholder engagement, we remain confident that our differences will be resolved outside of the court process. We are determined to achieve this since it’s in the best interests of the engineering profession.

ECSA was recently recognised by the IEA for the next six years in terms of the Washington Accord. What are the implications for South Africa? This recognition of ECSA by the IEA is a remarkable milestone. This reaffirms that

www.ecsa.co.za

IMIESA September 2017

ROADS & BRIDGES

Control centre combats overloading

he recently constructed Eteza Interchange, situated on section 29 of the N2 in northern KwaZulu-Natal, provides safe access for a new control facility designed to combat truck overloading between Richards Bay and Mtubatuba. This full diamond interchange was constructed at the junction of the P352 road and the N2. Empa Structures, a division of Raubex, was appointed as the civil contractor for all concrete road paving, the bridge over the N2, plus building works, with key concrete technology formulations supplied by Sika.

TOP Work in progress on the construction of ramp access and screener lanes for the overload control facility ABOVE A section of the new overload control facility

These include Antisol-E and Antisol-15, both liquid curing compounds particularly useful for the prevention of water loss in large areas of exposed concrete. As Sika’s Paul Adams explains, these Antisol products reduce the incidence of plastic cracking, minimise dusting and increase frost resistance. The use of these compounds also alleviates other costly methods of curing, such as hessian-watering. Sikadur-52 ZA, a two-part, low-viscosity injection liquid, based on high-strength epoxy resins, was used to fill and seal voids and cracks. Solvent-free and suitable for both dr y and damp conditions, it forms an effective barrier against water infiltration and corrosion-promoting media, and also structurally bonds concrete sections together.

Sanral compliance Although Sikasil-728 NS meets multiple international standards and environmental requirements, it was not a Sanral-approved highway sealant at the time of this project; however, Sika provided independent test reports that satisfied Sanral technical specifications. “Sikasil-728 NS provides ver y high movement capabilities, excellent flexibility even in extreme temperatures, ver y good adhesion – especially to concrete – and, due to its outstanding UV resistance, it has an exceptionally long ser vice life,” Adams explains. Another key Sika product specified was Sika BlackSeal Lastic, a rubberised bitumen emulsion waterproofing coating that is easily applied by brush, roller or trowel. With non-sag, crack-bridging properties, non-toxic Sika BlackSeal Lastic remains flexible even at low temperatures and, combined with the other formulations applied on this project, will ensure that the new overload control facility and interchange remain highly durable structures.

ROADS & BRIDGES

KZN bridge developments The construction of a major new N2 section requires creative responses to meet overpass height requirements, as well as piling for a new river bridge extension.

Piling operations in progress at the Mhlathuze River bridge

ork on the new 34 km two-lane nor thbound carriageway between the Mtunzini Toll Plaza and the Empangeni T-junction is progressing well and will add a major boost to KwaZuluNatal’s North Coast economy when completed in 2019. The main contractor is Concor Infrastructure (formerly Murray & Roberts Infrastructure), with monitoring being performed by UWP Consulting on behalf of the South African National Roads Agency (Sanral). This approximately 37-month project is multifaceted and includes a mix between new and upgraded infrastructure. A series of new bridges needs to be constructed, while existing ones must be widened, and in some cases realigned. To allow future height clearance to be maintained, two of the four overpass bridges along the route had to be raised. “This required the existing bridge span, weighing 380 t, to be lifted, the piers raised to the required height, and the deck lowered onto new bearing pads,” explains Bill Matthews from UWP Consulting. Prior to the commencement of the works, the following documentation was submitted for approval:

• a method statement, including professional-signed temporar y works design drawings • a risk assessment and lifting study • an environmental approval • an approved traffic management plan • cer tificates of competence of all key personnel.

Bridge-jacking procedure For the project, jacking frames were erected around, and fixed to, the two piers. Lifting girders were positioned to carry the jacks, with the lifting beams securely fixed to the soffit of the deck.

Two 100 t hydraulic jacks were placed on each jacking girder, and interconnected to the hydraulic pump, to ensure even lifting by all four jacks. When the span was ready to be lifted, the traffic on the N2 was halted until the initial lift had been achieved. This was purely a safety measure, as this was identified as the most critical time of the operation. Once the deck was safely carried by the jacking beams, the road was reopened but traffic was only allowed to pass through at reduced speed. The deck was incrementally jacked with spacers being inserted and bolted into position, at 250 mm intervals,

To allow future height clearance to be maintained, two of the four overpass bridges along the route had to be raised

IMIESA September 2017

ROADS & BRIDGES

until the required height of 1 200 mm was achieved. The deck was lowered and secured on the spacers, to allow work on the piers to be carried out safely. Once the piers had been raised, and the new bearings set, the deck was lowered and suppor ted at the correct level to allow the bearings to be grouted up. This ensured even loading over the full surface of the bearings. The jacking equipment and frames were finally removed with the span at the required elevation. Throughout the process, the safety of the public and the construction team was of paramount importance. Close liaison between Concor Infrastructure, the Road Traffic Inspectorate, Sanral and UWP Consulting ensured the success of this phase of the construction. Bridge-jacking: once the piers had been raised, and the new bearings set, the deck was lowered and supported at the correct level to allow the bearings to be grouted up

Piling the Mhlathuze River bridge At the Mhlathuze River crossing, a new bridge is to be constructed adjacent to the existing one to carry the new northbound

carriageway. The new bridge includes the construction of seven new piers, each supported on 10 piles. The existing pier foundations are supported on driven piles, founded in a boulder layer at a depth of approximately 35 m. This piling technique could not be applied to the new structure for fear that the vibrations generated by driving the new piles might cause movement and settlement within the boulder layer. The chosen system of boring/oscillating the piles to a depth between 50 m and 60Â m presented its own challenges, particularly on the raked piles, with the resultant loss of equipment and abandonment of the pile on two occasions. Selection of socket depth to each pile had to be individually determined as the geological stratification consisted of alternating bands of clay and rock of variable thickness with cretaceous fossils overlying the basement granites. Regardless of the exertion, the end result ensures a solid foundation for the new deck that will follow.

ASPHALT IS OUR BUSINESS...

GROWTH

INNOVATION

PEOPLE

VALUE

SUSTAINABILITY

CONSERVATION

SUSTAINABILITY IS AT THE CORE OF OUR BUSINESS PRACTICES Leading Asphalt manufacturers and suppliers in Southern Africa National Cold Asphalt

Call +27 86 146 6656 www.nationalasphalt.co.za

Call +27 86 146 6656 www.nationalcoldasphalt.co.za

Call +27 12 562 9500 www.belabelaasphalt.com

Call +27 34 393 1259 www.shisalanga.com

Countering black turf

Longitudinal cracks had formed in the road surface

Strips of Sealmac were laid over a tack coat, covered with a saturation coat, and followed by crusher sand

Completion of crack sealing repair works using Sealmac

roblematic in situ materials are a frequent cause of pavement failures, with a recent example being a severely cracked section of road bordering a housing estate in Waterval Oos Ext 59, Rustenburg, which needed remedial attention. EPS Consulting Engineers was appointed to provide an effective and economical solution. Upon inspection of the road, the in situ material was found to be a highly active clay commonly known as black turf. This problematic clay was responsible for ongoing swelling and shrinkage due to moisture content fluctuations of the shoulder and roadbed materials during wet and dry cycles. The repetitive movement, in conjunction with ageing asphalt and a complete lack of maintenance, resulted in longitudinal cracks forming. No other forms of deterioration, such as rutting or potholes, were detected. Kaytech’s Sealmac product was specified to seal the cracks and to form a waterproof barrier in the pavement. Sealmac is a continuous filament, nonwoven double needle-punched geotextile manufactured from 100% recycled polyester. The continuous filament imparts a high isotropic strength, while the needle-punching imparts several advantages including appreciable thickness for bitumen impregnation, high resistance to puncture, and a flexibility that greatly facilitates laying operations. In addition to lower construction and maintenance costs, other key benefits include prolonged fatigue life and reduced overlay thicknesses. Contractor Hasset Konstruksie commenced preparations by sweeping the road surface and blowing the longitudinal cracks with a compressor. Cracks larger than 7 mm were filled with a crack seal mixture. A 1.1 ℓ/m2 tack coat, using a SS60 with 3% latex, was then applied to the surface. “To cover the prepared area, 300 mm wide Sealmac strips were installed and worked into place using squeegees and brooms,” explains Garth James, technical director, Kaytech. “Once installed, the Sealmac strips were treated with a 0.4 ℓ/m2 saturation coat. To eliminate tackiness and prevent pickup, a fine layer of crusher sand was then applied. At a later stage, a slurry seal completed the project.”

IMIESA September 2017

81ST IMESA CONFERENCE Emperorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Palace | GAUTENG SUSTAINABLE ENGINEERING: back to basics for the future Has technology in design made us forget the basic principals of engineering design?

25 - 27 OCTOBER 2017

Conference Social Activities GOLF The Serengeti Golf Club is situated within the Serengeti Golf and Wildlife Estate. The club and estate offers an opportunity of escapism without major inconvenience for those who seek it. Date: 24 October 2017 Venue: Serengeti Golf Club Time: Registration from 9:30-10:30 Cost: R550pp (Fee covers Golf only) For players account: Hiring of Golf Carts and Caddies

The Serengeti Golf Club

COMPANION TOUR Nothing can inspire you more than your own experiences. Unleash your creativity and express ideas, feelings and emotions visually in a variety of art media in an entrancing session of Artjamming. Chocolate lovers can indulge in a demonstration by Master Chocolatiers and learn the art of making Lindt Chocolate Truffles. Dates: 25-27 October 2017 Cost: R850pp (includes entry to Opening & Gala function)

Fun-filled tour

GAL A E VENT Join us for a (beer) barrel of fun and a German feast at our German Beerfest themed evening. Dress Code is smart casual or anything German inspired! Please note there is a limited bar, cash bar thereafter. Date: 26 October 2017 Venue: Emperors Palace Time: 18:30 Cost: Included in delegate full conference fee. Exhibitors may purchase discounted event tickets. Enquiries: conference@imesa.org.za

German Beerfest evening

Conference endorsed by

www.imesa.org.za

IMESA Organiser

THE INSTITUTE OF MUNICIPAL ENGINEERING OF SOUTHERNÂ AFRICA (IMESA)

t +27 (031) 266 3263 email conference@imesa.org.za

ROADS & BRIDGES

ituated within Mopani District Municipality, Gon’on’o village is one of a series of rural communities enjoying the benefits of infrastructure upgrades. In Gon’on’o’s case, this includes the installation of new pavements of concrete block to replace unsur faced roadways, in the process creating an aesthetically pleasing and durable solution that promotes labourbased construction. Initiated by the Limpopo Department of Public Works, Roads and Infrastructure, the Gon’on’o project formed a component of Phase 2 of the upgrade of the 5.10 km D3892 gravel access road by Tzaneen-based contractor PGN Civils. Technicrete was contracted to supply the paving and kerbs at a project value of around R8 million.

Paving Gon’on’o village Technicrete supplied 36 000 of the 80 mm grey class 40 DZZs, 5 000 of the 80 mm terracotta DZZs as well as 1 500 of the figure 8c mountable kerbs for the Gon’on’o project

Comments PGN Civils director Tintswalo Mothupa: “The upgrade of the gravel access road formed part of a general upgrading project for the Gon’on’o village area. The upgrade of the road and sidewalks

makes vehicle traffic easier and provides a safer environment for pedestrians. “Additionally, it was important that members from the local community received skills training in order for them to participate in the application of the paving and kerbs, as well as other associated construction activities. The ability to upskill and make workers employable is critical in these outlying rural areas.” IMIESA September 2017

LEGISLATION & STANDARDS

SIPDM: Threat or opportunity?

Sol Plaatje University’s new library

Dr Ron Watermeyer – visiting adjunct professor at Wits University’s School of Construction Economics and Management, and an acknowledged expert in the field of construction standards – shares some high-level insights on National Treasury’s Standard for Infrastructure Procurement and Delivery Management (SIPDM). There is also a practical example of its implementation. By Alastair Currie

outh Africa’s procurement environment is changing, and for the better when it comes to project delivery and accountability in the public sector. The new SIPDM is a major driving force in this respect. It’s therefore important to understand its intention and application. South Africa’s National Planning Commission stated that any new system needed to be able to deliver better value for money while minimising the scope for corruption. National Treasury defines value for money as “the optimal use of resources to achieve intended outcomes”. In turn, the SIPDM defines procurement as “the process which creates, manages and fulfils contracts”.

IMIESA September 2017

Procurement strategy “If your only tool is a hammer, every problem looks like a nail,” points out Watermeyer. “It’s a saying I learnt from a friend and it’s very applicable when it comes to risk management, especially where it impacts on sound fiscal infrastructure delivery outcomes. Clearly, no one can afford a ‘one size fits all’ approach. That was never the intention, anyway, but we all know that there are many examples of financial overruns on megaprojects that have added a further drain on limited financial resources. “We need to select the right tools and that’s a key SIPDM requirement. The standard states that a procurement strategy must be based on an organisational and

marketing analysis. This determines the selected packaging, contracting, pricing, targeting and procurement methods that will be used. The rationale for selecting a specific strategy also has to be explained, so the process is very transparent.” The SANS 10845 series, based on documents developed by the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB), serves as the uniform benchmark for preparing and submitting tenders, and Watermeyer was one of the instrumental leaders in developing this approach. The introduction of the SIPDM imposes strict rulings on the decision-making process, and not just at the tender award stage. The SIPDM places quality-control

LEGISLATION & STANDARDS

gates at key points throughout each project’s life cycle: every gate has a time, cost and scope element, which enables budgets to be managed. The SIPDM also doesn’t allow contingencies to be introduced into contracts. Contingencies, which make provision for claims on unforeseen risks, now need to be managed at a client level, above the contract level. There’s also a stepped approach for accessing contingency payments. “Value for money is what needs to be achieved, especially with South Africa’s investment downgrade and the implications for higher borrowing costs, not to mention the recession. So we urgently need to improve procurement and delivery management to ensure the desired outcome. That means rethinking the entire supply chain,” he explains.

Information sharing One of the key inhibitors in project delivery at present is the proactive two-way flow of information between the client and the construction team. “Plus, clients need to

Delivery management recognises that there is a client team and a delivery team required to deliver construction works projects.” Dr Ron Watermeyer, visiting adjunct professor, Wits University

make the right decisions to enable teams to perform optimally, and this leadership role is frequently lacking at present.” One of the new SIPDM innovations is the proactive adoption of framework contracts to ensure repeat relationships over a period of time rather that a once-off project approach. The NEC framework contract suite applied internationally, and now locally, is one of the best working examples. Quoting from the ICE-SA website, “The NEC approach is based on a project management system that provides a means of maintaining contemporary records and dealing with issues in a short space of time.”

SIPDM pilot

THE SIPDM REGULATES THE FOLLOWING: • The decision-making process associated with procurement and delivery management through control frameworks and policies associated with the assigning of responsibilities for approving or accepting deliverables or the authorising of a procurement process or procedure • Aspects of delivery management • Procurement processes, methods and procedures • Procurement documents Source: Ron Watermeyer

The new Sol Plaatje University development has been implemented using the NEC3 Engineering and Construction Contract (target cost contract) and, combined with the principles and practices of the SIPDM standard, serves as an excellent example of how to efficiently execute developments, particularly in this case, since the timeframe was very constrained. NEC agreements were concluded for professional services (20 contracts awarded), management contracts, as well as new building works (three contractors appointed) – the latter on target cost contracts. Pricing assumptions were between 69% and 74% of the target price at the start, with minimal contingency adjustments required on conclusion.

PSC – Option G The client was the Department of Higher Education, with Wits University appointed as the implementing agent. “We were only caretakers to get the project up and running so we could hand over the facility to the university when it was established,” says Watermeyer. Wits was appointed to project manage and resource the spatial development from inception in November 2011 until handover on 31 March 2016.

“We applied the National Treasury draft standards issued in 2012, which form the basis for the current SIPDM. So this was effectively a test case, or a piloting of the new standard. An interim council was appointed in July 2013. We started the procurement process in September 2013 – quite a challenge since the university had to open for the first intake in 2014.” So a flexible approach was needed. “We ran a comprehensive architectural competition and appointed the winner before the end of 2013. The main contractors were also appointed around the same time. We bought a block of flats and a hotel, and took over a school, all of which would subsequently be refurbished, and the project got under way. New construction works would follow.” The final objective was to have some 36 000 m2 of building space ready for the full ramp-up of the university from January 2016. During this time, there was also an interim 2015 student intake that needed to be accommodated. “We achieved all our milestones and stayed within scope and budget because, from the onset, all parties were in agreement.” Efficiencies measured came in at around 94.7% based on initial cost projections. “So, for me, the SIPDM is a standard that works if all the mechanisms that come into play are implemented. That, of course, depends on professional expertise, combined with private and public sector capability, which we’re certainly not lacking in South Africa, although we all acknowledge that there are some skills gaps in the system that need addressing. Rather than ‘paying as you go’, delivering within budget is definitely the future philosophy, and the SIPDM lays the foundation for this,” concludes Watermeyer.

IMIESA September 2017

AQUATAN: PROTECTING WATER RESOURCES INSIGHT AND THE ENVIRONMENT FOR Aquatan’s commitment to protecting water resources and the environment continues to underpin its cutting-edge innovations; international and local support afﬁliations, superior products constructed with engineered materials; and our customer-centric approach that provides the TOTAL SOLUTION. Aquatan is therefore perfectly placed to address two extremely important challenges that face South Africa: water loss and pollution. Thanks to 50 years of experience and our ISO 9001:2008 accredited Program

for Quality, Aquatan possesses the required engineering and supervision skills to provide detailed engineering advice for lining dams and reservoirs to prevent water loss, while also using the most effective means to harvest rainwater. Aquatan is furthermore able to deliver on government regulations by providing geosynthetic composite lining systems that adhere to all relevant local and international standards, guaranteeing a lining system that will outlast the pollutants contained.

1 1 The Aquatan free standing AQUADAM® is an

ideal “just add water” instant dam system. The dam folds in half to fit onto a LDV and can be moved as often as needed. AQUADAM® needs no concrete or mesh wire support and does not need to be kept full to stay standing. Made of strong, flexible High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and weighing 25 kg to 35 kg, it is easily handled by just two people. The HI-DRILINE® material is UV resistant and literally lasts a lifetime.

3 This sewage treatment works project, completed in 2004, is located in the small town of Ghanzi, in the western part of Botswana. The facility consists of two anaerobic ponds, two facultative and four maturation ponds. The total quantity of HDPE 2.0 mm material installed was 57 000 m².

50 Years

44 4

2 Aquatan constructs floating covers to reservoirs that contain Molasses and CMS with the latest generation Reinforced Polyolefin Membranes now carrying a life expectancy beyond 20 and 30 years respectively. These covers are applied to Potable Water Reservoirs, Molasses Storage Reservoirs and Chemical Containment Reservoirs to prevent concentration by evaporation and rainwater dilution of the stored liquid.

The cleaned, prepared and unlined reservoir that Aquatan lined. The 45,5 Ml capacity reservoir was constructed in 1954 and is situated below ground level. The lined reservoir has been divided into 16 independent Hi-Drain equipped leakage detection/groundwater pressure release compartments, has 295 columns and 82 wall support buttresses. Right: Aquatan lined it with its specially formulated 2.0 mm Hyperliner, which was installed over a perforated Hi-Drain spacer to detect leaks and attend to an unusually high groundwater table. The lining was installed in 2014 in a Johannesburg reservoir.

FOR MORE INFORMATION: Tel: +27(0)11 974 5271

30 IMIESA September 2017 Fax: +27(0)11 974 4111

E-mail: aqua@aquatan.com Web: www.aquatan.com

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Total containment with

floating covers

Bulk excavations nearing completion on the dam project in Balfour

The fully commissioned installation 35% full: the floating cover and liner are secured in place at the top of the dam by a concrete perimeter anchorage beam

for example, Aquatan supplied a floating cover solution for a molasses storage reservoir a few years back.

The best option

he recent commissioning of a new floating cover for an HPDE-lined earth dam in Balfour now provides a dedicated 10-day backup for a local abattoir and its allied processing facility. The new dam has a maximum storage capacity of 19 500 m³, with the potable water supplied via a municipal connection. If there is a temporary supply interruption, the new dam ensures that it won’t affect the abattoir’s operations. The solution was supplied by Aquatan Lining Systems, with design and construction supervision carried out by Element Consulting Engineers. A floating cover is an engineered and specially constructed flexible geomembrane barrier designed to float on the surface of any contained liquid. For the same client,

The client could have opted for a steel-lined zinc reservoir, or a conventional concrete design but, based on the consultant’s recommendation, the decision taken was to go the earth dam route, given the benefits of fasttracked construction and balanced cut-to-fill embankment forming. Plus earth dams are far more cost-effective to construct when compared to steel or concrete structures. “The floating cover design also ensures that there’s no air contact with the liquid. This was an upfront requirement from the client since the quality of the water used in their downstream processes has to meet the strictest international quality standards,” explains Piet Meyer, managing director, Aquatan. Depending on the type selected, Aquatan’s floating covers are supplied with 10-, 20- or 30-year warranties, and require minimal supervision or maintenance. The Balfour floating cover installation carries a 20-year guarantee, while the dam itself has an indefinite life. Aquatan’s floating covers are fabricated from a flexible, high-performance EIA geomembrane lining material composed of two layers, with a reinforcing layer in-between, which meets the USA NSF 61 requirements for drinking water application. The sheets are supplied in 182 m long, 1.98 m wide lengths, which are then site-specifically seamed

together using specialised extrusion and wedge-welding equipment. Strategically positioned protruding floats, adhered to the top of the cover, in conjunction with weights, keep it in a constant tensioned state. They also develop channels to divert rainfall run-off via a pump, automatically activated due to its float control mechanism. Extractors built into the floating cover continually remove air resulting from trapped air bubbles contained in incoming water, while two strategically positioned, air-tight manholes provide access for maintenance personnel.

Construction challenges The site on which the abattoir’s dam is constructed has a high water table, so an effective subsoil drainage system was designed. The in situ semi-abrasive shale material also needed to be countered to protect the HDPE containment liner. The consultant’s solution was to prepare the earth surface and supplement it with a specific geotextile on the sloping side walls, with a river-sand layer laid on the floor to provide an effective cushion for the containment liner. The geotextile and river-sand layer also enhances effective groundwater drainage. During the final commissioning stage, an electric leak detection system was employed to verify the integrity of the HDPE liner prior to overlaying the floating cover. “Our strict on-site procedures ensured a 100% leak-free installation,” says Meyer. Aquatan is the sole IAGI-approved installation contractor in Africa. Aquatan has supplied specialist solutions for around 150 floating cover projects to date, ranging in size from 5 Mℓ and upwards. A larger-scale example was a 400 m x 400 m x 13 m installation for a mine in Tanzania. “It’s a very economical method for covering large volumes,” concludes Meyer.

IMIESA September 2017

WATER & WASTEWATER

Rural water supply in SA Many rural South African households are still denied adequate access to water. By Mpho Muloiwa*, Dr Caliphs Zvinowanda** & Dr MO Dinka***

espite having a right to 24-hour water supply, rural residents receive drinking tap water, on average, once every three days. These communities are often plagued by poor and outdated infrastructure; municipalities, which rely on the revenue generated from service bills, struggle to adequately deliver services. One such example is Thohoyandou, located in

Vhembe District Municipality in Limpopo, which relies on a gravity system to supply residents. A study was conducted in Thohoyandou to assess the capabilities of the area’s water infrastructure. A survey was used to collect data on the frequency of drinking water supply from residents in four areas – Unit D, Unit C, Golgotha and Block F. A total of 100 households, as well as the municipality’s technical director:

Infrastructure Services, were interviewed to collect information about the area’s current water infrastructure.

Results and discussions The survey found that very few residents receive water consistently to their homes (as shown in Figure 1). The study broke down the percentage of residents who receive water at various intervals, as follows:

FIGURE 1 Water supply frequency by area (a) Block F

(b) Unit C Every two days

4% Daily consistently

Daily limited hours

59%

Twice a week

33%

37%

Daily limited hours

59%

(d) Unit D Every two days

Daily consistently

4% 8% Twice a week

40%

Daily consistently

IMIESA September 2017

Daily limited hours

48%

Every two days

11% Daily limited hours

41%

Daily consistently

48%

WATER & WASTEWATER TABLE 1 Breakdown of the water infrastructure in Thohoyandou

Water sources Capacity 30.4 x 106 m³ 163 x 106 m³

Name Vondo Nandoni

1. Consistent, 24-hour water supply: Block F – 33% Unit C – 37% Golgotha – 8% Unit D – 0% 2. Water daily at limited hours: Block F – 59% Unit C – 59% Golgotha – 48% Unit D – 0% 3. Water twice a week: Block F – 0% Unit C – 4% Golgotha – 40% Unit D – 48% 4. Water every two days: Block F – 8% Unit C – 0% Golgotha – 4% Unit D – 11% 5. Water less than twice a week: Unit D – 41%

Name Unknown Unknown Unknown

Reservoirs Capacity 5 Mℓ 10 Mℓ 3 Mℓ

Water treatment plant Name Capacity Vondo 52 Mℓ/d Nndoni 60 Mℓ/d

Wastewater treatment plant Name Capacity Thohoyandou 6 Mℓ/day

Thohoyandou’s water infrastructure

STM-AEROTOR

Thohoyandou receives water from two dams – Vondo and Nandoni. Water extracted from these sources is transported to a water treatment plant for purification before being transported to storage reservoirs and then transferred to residents via a gravity feed. After utilisation, the water is collected and prepared for recycling at a wastewater treatment plant in Thohoyandou. Vondo Dam is 901 m above sea level, while the four areas in Thohoyandou sit at significantly lower altitudes: Unit C at 681 m; Unit D at 654 m; Golgotha at 607 m; and Block F at 572 m. Theoretically, the supply of water by gravity is possible at such heights above sea level. The pressure head between Vondo and the various areas

Suitable for small communities, an STM-Aerotor offers the following advantages: biological nutrient removal, no odour, no noise, low energy requirement, small footprint, minimal operator attention, and fluctuating flow rate accommodation.

*Mpho Muloiwa is a lecturer at Tshwane University of Technology and senior technology advisor at Trans Africa Resources. **Dr Caliphs Zvinowanda is a senior lecturer at the University of Johannesburg, and managing director and principal technology advisor at Trans Africa Resources. ***Dr MO Dinka is a senior lecturer at the University of Johannesburg.

Suppliers of pumps and valves to the mining and industrial sectors for over 60 years. Stockists of Tianjin small submersible, vertical multi-stage and close coupled water pumps. Suppliers of the following: M+P Split Casing Pump

Multi-stage Pump

E.I.M.

Viking Gear Pump

Tel: 011 824 4810

Fax: 011 824 2770

Web: www.matherandplatt.com

26 Nagington Road, Wadeville, 1422, Gauteng mather&platt A5.indd 1

2015/07/17 11:08 AM

are as follows: Unit C – 220 m; Unit D – 247 m; Golgotha – 294 m; and Block F – 329 m.

Conclusion The gravity method used to supply drinking water to residents in Thohoyandou is theoretically feasible and – although the water infrastructure in Thohoyandou has far exceeded its design life – water sources, water treatment plants and storage reservoirs in Thohoyandou have enough capacity to provide residents with a constant supply of drinking water. The only inadequate infrastructure is that for wastewater. However, residents in Thohoyandou are evidently experiencing water challenges.

Recommendations

bar

l/s °C m3/h

m/s

fact

Precise monitoring of water flows and leak detection in irrigation networks

The study recommends that Thohoyandou’s water infrastructure be improved to accommodate the population growth better, which more than doubled from 32 730 in 2001 to 69 453 in 2011. The municipality should implement a looped system as opposed to a gravity system in which upstream blockages affect the downstream user. It is further recommended that the municipality install a packaged wastewater treatment plant. The study recommends one of the following systems: STM-Aerotor, dissolved air flotation (DAF), or BioTreater Biological Treatment and Clarification System.

DAF SYSTEM Suitable for small communities, a DAF system offers the following advantages: stormwater and water clarification, activated sludge thickening, algae separation, and oil and grease removal.

WATERFLUX 3070 – technology driven by KROHNE • Electromagnetic water meter with integrated temperature and pressure measurement • Line pressure monitoring for leak detection or pump efficiency control • Multiple power concept for any location • Remote transmission of readings and meter status as option

BIOTREATER BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT AND CLARIFICATION SYSTEM Suitable for small communities, the advantages are as follows: significant blood, fat and hair removal as well as low capital and maintenance costs.

KROHNE South Africa 8 Bushbuck Close, Corporate Park South Randjiespark, Midrand, Tel.: +27 113141391 Fax: +27 113141681, Clayton Duckworth, c.duckworth@krohne.com, www.za.krohne.com

WATER & WASTEWATER

Advancing the groundwater agenda It is estimated that over 70% of the 250 million people living in the SADC region rely on groundwater as their primar y source of water.

James Sauramba, director, SADC-GMI

he population of Southern Africa is expected to double in the next 25 years. In the medium term, rapid economic growth is also expected to continue. With such developments comes rising demand for water and an increased pressure and reliance on groundwater. Despite varying dependency on groundwater across SADC member states, groundwater usually provides a critical buffer between dry and rainy seasons. The agricultural sector is the largest consumer of water, using 83% of abstracted water, 12% of which is abstracted from groundwater. In emergent capital cities such as Lusaka, Gaborone and Dar es Salaam, groundwater is the dominant source of water to meet the demand of expanding factories and growing urban populations. Against this background, the sustainable management and development of groundwater resources in the region becomes critically important for economic and social development of the population.

Managing the region’s groundwater In response to the growing demand for groundwater management in the SADC region, the Southern African Development Community

Groundwater Management Institute (SADCGMI) was launched in September 2016 as the regionally recognised centre of excellence in groundwater management and development. The SADC-GMI is a subsidiary of the SADC Secretariat structure and it draws its core mandate through priority intervention P6.2 – Groundwater Development and Management of the Regional Strategic Action Plan on Integrated Water Resources Development and Management Phase IV of 2016–2020. Hosted by the University of the Free State in Bloemfontein, the SADC-GMI has grown significantly since its inception and is currently implementing the Sustainable Groundwater Management in the SADC Member States Project, with the support of the World Bank. The project aims to catalyse multistate cooperation in balancing conflicting water uses, particularly in transboundary groundwater basins. The project prioritises climatic variability and change, and supports foundational capacity building, portfolio learning and targeted needs for the joint ecosystem-based

management of transboundary water systems. The project will also strengthen cooperative management and the development of international water discourses. Through the project, SADC-GMI promotes sustainable groundwater management and solutions to groundwater challenges in the SADC region through building capacity, providing training, advancing research, supporting infrastructure development, and enabling dialogue and the exchange of groundwater information. SADC-GMI also supports the SADC member states through groundwater research, and serves as an interlocutor with national, regional and international groundwater initiatives. The project consists of four important components, namely: • operationalising the SADC-GMI • strengthening institutional capacity for the sustainable management of groundwater in the SADC region • advancing knowledge on transboundary and national groundwater • p romoting groundwater infrastructure

IMIESA September 2017

dl rou

Pro

udl

A TOTAL PLASTIC PIPE SOLUTION

WWW.SIZABANTUPIPINGSYSTEMS.COM

WATER & WASTEWATER

management and development.

Building successful partnerships Since its launch in 2016, SADC-GMI has worked and collaborated with other key partners in the water sector to accomplish a number of successful initiatives to advance the groundwater agenda in the region. This included a review of the previous pilot projects implemented under the predecessor SADC Groundwater and Drought Management Project (2007– 2011) to identify best practices for upscaling future groundwater interventions under the current project. The institute also engaged the Netherlands-based International Groundwater Resources Assessment Centre (Igrac), a well-known player in groundwater data management and mapping, to resuscitate the SADC Hydrogeological Map, which had become unavailable online since its initial development in 2010. SADC-GMI is currently joining forces with the Institute for Groundwater Studies and Igrac to implement a regional capacity-building programme for

data collection and management, involving all 15 SADC member states. By the end of this project, it is expected that member states will be equipped to establish and operate effective data management systems essential to understanding and developing aquifers in their territories. A process is also under way to review the policy, legal and institutional frameworks for the effective management of groundwater resources in the SADC region, focusing on both national and regional protocols. This review will improve groundwater integration in water resources management policies and laws. Driving the integration of groundwater in the overall water resources management discourses is also a priority. This is being achieved through collaboration with the River Basin Organisations. Currently, SADC-GMI is intensively engaging the Orange-Senqu River Commission and Zambezi Watercourse Commission to advance this agenda. The institute is also contributing to the academic body of knowledge in the groundwater sector through research in order to improve the understanding, management and utilisation of the resource. In this regard, SADC-GMI will very soon embark on one of the mega research projects in the Shire river/aquifer system. The project will implement a transboundary diagnostic analysis as well as strategic action planning, which promotes the conjunctive use of water resources in the system. This project will form a strong basis for knowledge generation and potential for the upscaling and promotion of the conjunctive use of water resources management concepts

SADC-GMI promotes sustainable groundwater management and solutions to groundwater challenges in the SADC region

to the estimated 30 transboundary aquifers in the SADC region. Going forward, SADC-GMI will establish national focal groups composed of different stakeholders from the 15 member states within the groundwater sector, and promote their capacity for the sustainability of groundwater resources in their respective countries. These focal groups are the key means for implementing pilot groundwater infrastructure projects in the member states using the sub-grant scheme available through the SADC-GMI. Moreover, national capacity building and advocacy for the sustainable use of groundwater will also be anchored from the national focal groups. SADC-GMI’s brand as a centre of excellence in groundwater management and development leverages on previous and ongoing achievements related to groundwater management in the region. In growing this brand, SADC-GMI will render niche services in training, research, project management, advocacy and institutional development that will simultaneously secure the institute’s long-term financial sustainability beyond the current donor funding. With the challenges of climate change, severe droughts, pollution and rapidly growing water demand in Southern Africa, SADC-GMI’s work to strengthen the management and development of groundwater for social and economic development is well poised for execution.

IMIESA September 2017

81ST IMESA CONFERENCE 25 th-27 th OCTOBER 2017

GAUTENG

SUSTAINABLE ENGINEERING: back to basics for the future Has technology in design made us forget the basic principals of engineering design?

25 - 27 OCTOBER 2017 Online registration is open CO N F E R E N C E VENUE

E A R LY B I R D R E G I S T R AT I O N

EMPERORS PALACE GAUTENG

S TA N DA R D R E G I S T R AT I O N

L AT E R E G I S T R AT I O N

• Members: R5 200 • Non-members: R5 700

• Member: R5 400 • Non Member: R6 000

• Members: R5 900 • Non Member: R6 600

Earn 2.5 CPD points by attending

IMESA Conference endorsed by

www.imesa.org.za ORGANISER

THE INSTITUTE OF MUNICIPAL ENGINEERING OF SOUTHERN AFRICA (IMESA)

t +27 (031) 266 3263 email conference@imesa.org.za

A passion for the community

H C LES N E R S T 40

Smart pipeline assessment

Gearing up for No-Dig 2018

Pipe rehabilitation in Germiston

Revitalising the Black Mac sewer

The experts in horizontal directional drilling

WS NE

New sewer brings relief to Stellenbosch

www.sastt.org.za

SAST T TRENCHLESS NEWS

New sewer brings relief to Stellenbosch Ageing and under-capacity sewers serving Stellenbosch necessitated the upgrading of the town’s sewer network.

A length of 240 m was installed by means of pipe-jacking underneath a foothill of Papegaaiberg

The manholes typically comprised an on-site cast concrete chamber

ue to the expansion of Stellenbosch town, the design capacity of the existing outfall sewers servicing the area was regularly exceeded. This resulted in surcharging from sewer manholes and, in some instances, flooding from the sewer network. The decision was made to replace the ageing existing outfall sewers with one sewer, decreasing maintenance requirements from three pipes to one. With the new sewer in place, the network will be able to cope with all future developments as anticipated in the Sewer Master Plan. The new Plankenbrug Outfall Sewer replaced the three main outfall sewers servicing Stellenbosch town, from the Distillery Road bridge, over the Plankenbrug River near Bosman’s Crossing, to the downstream Stellenbosch Wastewater Treatment Works off Vredenburg Road. As lead design engineer, AECOM carried out construction monitoring of Phase 1 of

IMIESA September 2017

The new outfall sewer has a total length of 1 815 m, which is made up of 45 m of 1 m diameter and 1 770 m of 1.2 m diameter pipeline

the Plankenbrug Main Outfall Sewer and associated works in Stellenbosch. Construction commenced in October 2015 by the JVZ Construction & Vakala Construction Joint Venture and was completed in March this year, on time and within budget.

Building a new sewer AECOM undertook a concept and viability study with recommendation to replace the ageing existing outfall sewers with one new sewer, thereby decreasing maintenance requirements from three pipes to one. The existing outfall sewers ranged from 375 mm to 625 mm in diameter. “These outfall sewers had reached the end of their design lives, and a new outfall sewer was required urgently to provide additional flow capacity to the expanding Stellenbosch town,” explains Christian Jordaan, an engineer at AECOM. The redundant sewers would be left in place to be used in the future as sleeves for electric or data cable installation. Determining

a viable route for the sewer was a major task, considering the new sewer was to be installed in a densely built-up town area. Six route options were developed, and the technical, environmental and cost considerations were evaluated. AECOM was able to demonstrate that a new gravity sewer along the eastern bank of the Plankenbrug River would be the most viable option. However, this route necessitated the application for environmental authorisation, as well as a water-use licence application. To avoid delaying the construction of the project while these applications were pending, AECOM proposed that the project be divided into three phases. Phase 1 would not be influenced by the environmental constraints. Phase 1 of the new outfall sewer saw a total length of 1 815 m installed, which is made up of 45 m of 1 m diameter and 1 770 m of 1.2 m diameter pipeline. A length of 240 m was installed by means of pipe-jacking underneath a foothill of Papegaaiberg. This avoided open-cut

SAST T TRENCHLESS NEWS

excavation to depths exceeding 10 m, thereby limiting disruption to the area and lowering construction costs. The 240 m was pipe-jacked in three sections, requiring three temporary launching pits to be constructed, with a 6 m diameter to depths of 5.6 m to 11.8 m. Manholes were constructed inside the temporary pipe-jack launch pits before it was backfilled. For these manholes, a GRP grid platform was installed at the underside of the manhole shaft, for additional safety. All other manholes were also equipped with non-slip GRP grid platforms on the manhole benching.

the existing sewer was cut within the new manhole and sewage conveyed along the new sewer. This design approach avoided lengthy over-pumping of sewage, thereby limiting costs to the project. The manholes typically comprised a cast in situ concrete chamber (with benching) constructed below ground level, with an access chimney. Where depth allowed, working space within the manholes was optimised with the use of 1.8 m diameter precast concrete rings as the access chimney.

Social and environmental compliance Keeping the sewers live The three existing outfall sewers had to remain live while the new sewer was constructed. This provided a challenge wherever the new sewer had to be constructed across the alignment of the existing sewers. Due to limited vertical fall available, the new sewer had to be installed at such depths that it clashed with the existing sewers at these locations. AECOM overcame this problem by utilising purpose-designed manhole structures at roughly 90 m intervals, at lateral tie-in positions. A manhole was constructed over the existing sewer, which allowed the sewer to remain live while the new sewer was built into the new manhole. When the downstream sewer was inspected and commissioned,

An important aspect of the contract was the communication and liaison with the local community in terms of traffic accommodation, access to residences, security, noise, and

The pipe-jacking was carried out in three sections, which required the construction of three jacking pits

dust. Temporary or partial road closures were managed continuously. In this regard, a Traffic Accommodation Plan was implemented as part of the contract. An Environmental Management Programme was also implemented, which contained the procedures and requirements for the protection of the natural environment during construction of the new Plankenbrug Outfall Sewer. “The project was completed on schedule, and within budget,” Jordaan confirms. “AECOM’s successful partnership with Stellenbosch Municipality and the JVZ Construction & Vakala Construction Joint Venture delivered a service that will accommodate all future developments efficiently, as estimated in the Stellenbosch Sewer Master Plan,” he concludes. The new sewer has been designed to be sufficiently large so as not to flood, even during high wet weather flows. In addition, because of the large capacity of the new sewer, flooding from upstream existing sewers will also improve due to the lower flow levels in the new downstream sewer. By implementing this new outfall sewer, Stellenbosch Municipality established infrastructure that will be able to effectively accommodate the town’s sewage needs for years to come, while at same time improving the environmental impact the sewer network has on the area.

IMIESA September 2017

SAST T TRENCHLESS NEWS

Smart pipeline assessment South Africa’s urgent need for infrastructure maintenance is often hampered by limited budgets. Averda has developed a unique approach to assist municipal and consulting engineers in managing limited budgets for pipeline rehabilitation and maintenance.

lobal waste management company Averda entered the South African market in 2015 and acquired majority shareholding of Wasteman Holdings before becoming Averda South Africa. In addition to its general and hazardous waste solutions, Averda specialises in the condition assessment and maintenance of pipelines. Averda’s unique approach for pipeline rehabilitation and maintenance involves inspecting pipelines per suburb or specific catchment area, and only cleaning pipelines where blockages are found or where obstructions prevent inspection equipment from traversing to the next manhole. In early 2016, Averda was appointed by the City of Tshwane to conduct CCTV inspections on several hundred kilometres of sewer pipelines ranging from 100 mm to 600 mm in diameter. The adopted approach was to focus on the oldest suburbs, extracting all the pipeline lengths per suburb from the geographic information system and putting those quantities into a priority list, which formed the basis of the programme for this project.

Utilising in-house expertise The data is managed by an in-house software package called PicData, designed for mass data collection and interpretation. This development started back in 1997 by Sight Lines Pipe Survey Services, which was acquired by Wasteman Holdings and now operates under the umbrella of Averda South Africa. PicData pipe management software has close to 20 years behind its development and is based on real fieldwork experiences. The pipeline data from the GIS system is imported into PicData software and managed by a sophisticated job card system. This system forms the basis for the effective management of the pipelines being inspected, cleaned, rehabilitated or accepted after repairs on new installations took place. Each pipeline imported into PicData gets graded on its structural and maintenance conditions, thus

producing a priority list for pipeline repairs, replacement and cleaning per suburb or catchment. Based on this priority list, the municipal or consulting engineers can use the data, coupled with its costing models, to work out budgetary estimates for pipeline replacement and repairs or to more effectively use limited budgets to focus on the worst affected pipelines. The results for the City of Tshwane contract showed that only 34% of all the piping inspected needed to be cleaned in order to facilitate the inspections. This means that the structural condition of each pipeline could be established, a priority list for replacement could be produced and any blockages or potential blockages removed. This proactive approach will assist in planning effectively and also maintaining pipelines where needed, saving the asset owner or project manager time, money and resources. “Pipe condition assessment should always precede rehabilitation. This will ensure that only those sections of sewer that need it are rehabilitated,” explains Claude Marais, GM: Pipe Survey Services, Averda. “Newly installed sewers should be inspected as part of the acceptance programmes and should accompany the as-built plans. Existing sewers should be periodically inspected so that their condition can be assessed and remedial measures taken before they become serious problems.”

IMIESA September 2017

SAST T TRENCHLESS NEWS

Gearing up for

he International No-Dig Conference and Exhibition is coming to South Africa for the first time in 2018, and will bring with it knowledge from across the globe on the latest techniques and trends in trenchless technology. The International Society for Trenchless Technology’s (ISTT) 36th annual International No-Dig Conference and Exhibition will be hosted by the Southern African Society for Trenchless Technology (SASTT) in Cape Town on 8 and 9 October next year. This major forum will bring together engineers from across the globe to network with like-minded professionals. The comprehensive conference programme is assembled by a technical committee comprising representatives of SASTT and ISTT, and will include papers on the latest innovations and techniques, as well as case study presentations with a regional focus. The two-day event will also feature a mix of technical sessions, while a lively and informative exhibition will showcase the very latest technology and products. International No-Dig South Africa is, therefore, a must-attend event for all municipal engineers and technicians, consultants, engineers, traffic authority managers, developers, utility providers

INTERNATIONAL NO-DIG SOUTH AFRICA 2018 Date: 8–9 October 2018 Location: Cape Town International Convention Centre Website: www.nodigsouthafrica.com

and design consultants involved in any aspect of the installation or refurbishment of underground utilities. The organisers, in conjunction with key supporting organisations, are committed to ensuring that all relevant sectors are invited, including: • utilities – water, sewerage, telecoms, electricity, gas and oil • contractors • c entral and local government officers • c ivil engineering consultants.

Call for papers Prospective authors are invited to submit proposals for consideration in the conference programme. These should be sent to the organisers at trenchless@westrade.co.uk. Proposals must include a title and synopsis of the proposed paper of no more than 400 words, a short biography of the author, as well as a head-and-shoulders photo of the author. Abstracts must be submitted by February 2018.

Experience Cape Town The conference organisers are working alongside WOW Cape Town Tours, which offers airport

transfers as well as day tours, overnight tours and private packages. All sponsors, exhibitors, delegates, visitors and supporters of the event will receive discounted rates, which can be viewed and booked via the event website. Tours include: • Table Mountain – Monday 8 October • Tour of Constantia via Chapman’s Peak Drive – Tuesday 9 October • Wildlife/safari tour to Aquila Game Reserve – Wednesday 10 October.

Promoting trenchless in SA SASTT has been in operation for 21 years and is playing an integral role in organising the 2018 conference. SASTT has an active membership with a collective dedication to the promotion of trenchless technology. The society is currently developing SASTT standard specifications for trenchless technology. It continues active dialogue with professional organisations such as IMESA and is currently making approaches to the Construction Industry Development Board to encourage it to introduce trenchless technology as one of the designated categories of specialist work in order to raise the professionalism of contractors working in the marketplace.

IMIESA September 2017

Trenchless Technology Specialist

Our range of services include: • Pipe Bursting • Horizontal Directional Drilling • Pipe Rehabilitation

• Pipe Ramming • CCTV Inspection • Dewatering

• HDPE Welding • Deep Excavation and Shoring • Underground Service Detection

• Slip Lining

• Industrial Pipe Cleaning

• Close-fit lining: COMPACT PIPE

For more information you can contact us: +27 (0)21 761 3474 F +27 (0)21 797 1151 E info@tt-innovations.co.za www.tt-innovations.co.za

SAST T TRENCHLESS NEWS

Revitalising Germiston’s sewers PROJECT DETAILS Description Pipe rehabilitation of 1 000 m of a 316 mm sewer line in Germiston Client Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality Client representatives Siphiwe Dube (senior manager), Oupa Matshate (chief area engineer), Carel Swanepoel (engineer) Soil condition Largely clay

Continuous blockages and spills in a sewer line in Germiston, Ekurhuleni, necessitated the rehabilitation of the 1 000 m pipeline.

amjet recently procured a Ditch Witch JT3020 directional drilling machine, which provided a perfect platform for the company to engage with Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality on this pipe rehabilitation project. The new equipment forms part of the company’s ongoing growth of

services related to trenchless technologies, for which there is an increasing demand in order to address the country’s ageing infrastructure.

The Dekema project Camjet’s investigation team performed an inspection of the sewer line using specialised CCTV equipment. In doing so, the team ascertained that the existing

SAST T TRENCHLESS NEWS

concrete pipe invert had collapsed and the pipe needed to be replaced. Engineers at Ekurhuleni Municipality instructed Camjet to replace the broken pipe using an HDPE PN10 pipe. Camjet surveyed the entire length of the pipeline and determined that the best and least disruptive method of replacement would be to use the highly capable Ditch Witch directional drilling machine to crack the pipe. The project was complicated by existing services obstructing a large part of the sewer line. These included buildings, a gas

line, chemical-related operations, railway lines and a stream. Work also had to be conducted during high-flow periods and care had to be taken in controlling and containing sewer spillages by means of plugging and over-pumping of the 316 mm sewer line. At one section, a complete diversion was required to ensure no spillage leaked into the adjacent stream. Camjet’s safety team identified the potential risks prior to the commencement of the project and, together with the machine's sophisticated technology,

helped drastically minimise the health, safety and environmental impacts that may have occurred. Camjet’s recent recertification of ISO 9001: 2015 and OHSAS 18001: 2007, coupled with its new certification of ISO 14001: 2015, ensured that even when the work went through a chemical plant, safety requirements were met in accordance with the facility. To date, approximately 80% of the pipeline has been replaced, with the project expected to be completed by the end of August.

SAST T TRENCHLESS NEWS

Revitalising the Black Mac sewer Precision engineering and teamwork come together on an innovative CIPP project in Cape Town.

he rehabilitation of the Black Mac bulk sewer line is the largest project of its kind in South Africa to date. The project used cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) technology to rehabilitate a major portion of the previously decommissioned Black Mac bulk sewer line, thereby enabling the recommissioning and reliable use of the conduit for the next 50 years. The line has a total length of 3 434 m, with diameters ranging from 800 mm to 1 200 mm. The pipeline crosses both the N2 highway near Cape Town International Airport and the R310 regional road. Both crossings were fully rehabilitated without any impact on traffic and, overall, this project is a textbook demonstration of trenchless technology on a scale not previously seen locally. Tuboseal’s vast experience in CIPP projects was tried and tested to ensure that the scaling of the technology could be achieved without compromising on the quality or longevity of the product.

Process

BEFORE CIPP

Installations

AFTER CIPP LINING

CIPP LINER DURING CURE

CIPP LINER TABLE

Cleaning: sections of the pipeline were severely silted up and the resultant cleaning was a major challenge. There was limited availability of water supply along the pipeline, precluding the extensive use of high-pressure jetting as the predominant cleaning method.

Profiling and design Ovality of the pipeline is a significant factor in the structural design of CIPP liners. It was, therefore, important to assess and quantify the ovality of the host pipe, particularly due to the swelling and deformation that typically occurs when asbestos cement pipes are degraded by the corrosive gases found in sewers. Measurements were taken at predetermined intervals to calculate the variance in diameter and maximum ovality factor for each pipeline section. Once the detail measurements were processed, the required wall thickness of each CIPP liner was determined using the ASTM F1216 design code, which is recognised worldwide.

Another vitally important component of CIPP projects is the specialist resin supply. Tuboseal leveraged its well-established supplier relationships to upscale and source over 150 000 kg of CIPP resin and catalysts, both products being well proven for use in South African conditions. The quantity of resin used on the Black Mac project alone exceeds the annual consumption of any contractor in South Africa to date.

DURING RESIN IMPREGNATION Material supply On confirmation of the structural design, the CIPP liners were ordered from a leading manufacturer based in Europe. The 26 liners were all unique in terms of their length, diameter and wall thickness. This underscores the importance of working accurately and to the highest installation standards during CIPP projects. An eight-week lead time was specified for the manufacturing and shipping of these liners. Tuboseal expedited the project timeline to ensure that the first 1000 m were designed, ordered and shipped before the 2016 Christmas break.

Each installation involves a carefully coordinated ‘planning to lining’ process of around 48 hours. With the limited time allowed before the resin-impregnated liners start to cure, once the process starts, it cannot be interrupted. It naturally involved a 24/7 production line and military precision execution. Teamwork was, therefore, critical: the consequence of a prematurely cured liner would have had a severe financial impact, plus the need to reorder a replacement unit. An installation team on-site completed the final cleaning and inspection on each pipeline section while an impregnation team prepared each liner by impregnating the felt liner tube under factory conditions with up to 7 t of catalysed resin. Each liner was transported to site and installed by an inversion process, during which the liner is folded inside out using water pressure. A powerful hot water boiler was used to initiate the curing of the resin over a period of around 15 hours, while the temperature and other parameters were carefully monitored and controlled to ensure liner consistency and integrity. Each cured liner was cooled down carefully, trimmed and inspected with CCTV camera equipment. A test sample was submitted to an independent lab for verification of their mechanical properties. Due to the current drought in Cape Town and the lack of water supply along the pipeline, Tuboseal deployed a water cooling tower to enable the recycling of process water. This saved an estimated 3 million litres of water over the course of the project and significantly reduced the water consumption.

Conclusion The Black Mac project demonstrates that the use of world-class pipeline rehabilitation techniques is highly feasible and effective in South Africa. Municipal clients can reap significant benefits from the reduced costs, timelines and limited environmental impacts that CIPP technology offers over traditional alternatives.

IMIESA September 2017

SAST T TRENCHLESS NEWS

The experts in horizontal directional drilling Contractors, utility companies, and departments of Public Works are increasingly turning to horizontal directional drilling (HDD) as their preferred method of pipe installation or replacement.

y enabling the trenchless installation or replacement of underground utility lines without large-scale excavation, HDD offers a cost-effective option that minimises surface damage, causes minimal disruption to traffic or other activities, and is environmentally friendly. HDD is a popular trenchless method for applications including pipes for natural gas or water lines and ser vices, and ducts and conduits for telecommunications and power cables. It can be applied in almost any situation where sur face conditions make it harder and more expensive to operate traditional trenching machiner y like backhoes or excavators. This includes tunnelling under streets and buildings, under landscaped areas and rivers, or under parking lots and highways.

Splender Trenchless Splender Trenchless, the directional drilling division of Splender Construction, has provided trenchless solutions since the technology was introduced in the 1999.

The highly skilled team of HDD and boring specialists are experts in providing solutions for the underground installation and repair of pipelines and cables with minimal excavation. With more than 18 years of combined onsite experience, industr y-leading equipment, and continuous education on drilling and excavation techniques, Splender Construction's Trenchless Technology Division has a proven track record of helping general contractors, municipalities, utility companies and homeowners. “Our methods are cost-effective, even in the most challenging circumstances found across the countr y and wider continent,” says Corrie Scheepers of Splender Construction.

A solid history Scheepers started the business in 1997 and invested in HDD and pipe bursting for both the residential and commercial markets when the technology first became available in the late 1990s. Today, Splender is a leader in trenchless technology, specifically HDD, in the greater Gauteng region, with over 40 employees and state-of-the-art technology, ser ving residential, municipal, corporate and utility clients.

Client values

• Teamwork – recognising that each member of the team is an important part of a whole, working continuously toward a common goal • Quality – understanding the absolute importance of excellence in all executions • Commitment – realising that this is the backbone of the company’s strength • Strong work ethic – taking pride in their work keeps employees striving towards an ever higher standard of value and service for clients. “Splender has always prided itself on observing the same values with respect to our clients that we reserve for the members of our family and our employees,” concludes Scheepers.

The company upholds a number of important values to ensure quality project deliver y and client ser vice. These include: • Integrity – being honest with each other and clients at all times +27 (0)11 954 0640 • Empowerment – creating an environment +27 (0)83 413 1027 that builds respect, strength and confi-Splender Construction +27 (0)86 512 3714 CC dence between the company and its clients splender.office@gmail.com 1999/034985/23

P O Box 1368, Noordheuwel 1756 VAT Reg No: 4740186863

IMIESA September 2017

011 954 0640 083 413 1027 086 512 3714

• Lower Maintenance Costs • UD Telematics Services* • Full Automatic Transmission • Longer Oil Drain Intervals • More Fuel Efficient • 2 Year Warranty** Product in photograph is for illustration purposes only and is subject to stock availability.

Talk to your UD Trucks Dealer to find out how they can make every moment count. Go to udtrucks.co.za, to locate your nearest dealer. Call our 24-Hour Roadside Assistance 0800 008 800 (in breakdown situations) Going the Extra Mile

* Country Specific

** Relevant to SA supplied product

Harambee:

moving Ekurhuleni forward

Multiple cities across South Africa have rolled out bus rapid transit (BRT) systems to promote inclusive growth. Ekurhuleni will soon join their ranks with its Harambee service. By Danielle Petterson

EC for Roads and Transport Ismail Vadi once noted that a key requirement for economic growth is good infrastructure as well as an integrated transport system. In the City of Ekurhuleni, a BRT system is at the centre of an integrated transport vision. Dubbed Harambee back in 2015 when construction on the project first began, Ekurhuleni’s BRT has been making steady progress. At the Harambee brand launch, the then executive mayor, Cllr Mondli Gungubele, noted that, as South Africa’s manufacturing hub, Ekurhuleni’s transport system needed to be elevated and made as competitive as those of global airport cities. Ekurhuleni is now one step closer to making this a reality. To date, just over 20 km of trunk route has been constructed, with work on

nine stations and seven pedestrian bridges currently under way. Construction is set to be completed in various stages from February 2018, explains Lusanda Madikizela, head: Transport, City of Ekurhuleni. Harambee will run along major roads in Ekurhuleni, using a combination of dedicated bus lanes and mixed traffic routes, and will be fed by complementary and feeder services. Once complete, Phase 1A, which runs from Tembisa to Rhodesfield, will consist of 23.1 km, comprising one of three routes in the first phase. However, construction delays and the increasing costs of providing BRT have been, and continue to be, a challenge. Madikizela explains how the city will tackle this: “The city will overcome this by scaling down on infrastructure development, and focusing more on providing quality public transport. The project management of large construction projects also needs to be improved. The success of negotiations with the taxi industry, a critical stakeholder, will also be essential for the service to operate sustainably.”

PHASE 1 CONSISTS OF THREE ROUTES: • Phase 1A from Tembisa to Rhodesfield • Phase 1B from Rhodesfield to Boksburg • Phase 1C from Boksburg to Vosloorus

IMIESA September 2017

TRANSPORT, LOGISTICS, VEHICLES & EQUIPMENT

DID YOU KNOW? integration of the different modes, and the city is planning jointly with Prasa and Gautrain to ensure seamless and integrated ser vices.

•H arambee is a Swahili word meaning ‘working together’ • E kurhuleni’s BRT aims to connect the city’s people

Live system testing

426F2

Phase 1 of the BRT was launched in February 2017 with a systems test. Madikizela explains that no passengers are being transported yet, but a service test was conducted with limited passengers on eight buses over a period of three days. The vehicle tracking system, driver training and behaviour, bus schedules, timetables and ticket validators have all been continuously tested and refined over the last few months to ensure operational readiness when the system opens to the public. 210mmby148POINT5mm.pdf 1 2017/08/18 10:14

Corridor development

The system will commence a limited bus ser vice later this year and progress to an operation of 40 buses in mid-2018, says Madikizela. Initially this will be done with the eight available buses, with a modest ramping up of ser vices over time. This ser vice will commence when the city has reached an agreement with the taxi industr y, which is a major stakeholder in the project. A combination of buses and taxis will provide a feeder ser vice, which will be informed by the volumes of each route. The approved operational plan for Phase 1 emphasises the AM

The planned BRT network forms part of the city’s new finalised Built Environment Performance Plan (BEPP), which was developed by the City Planning, Human Settlements, Roads, and Economic Development departments to promote transit-oriented developments along the major transport corridors of the city. In line with the BEPP, the city plans to densify identified corridors by introducing complementary developments like housing, and office and retail developments along BRT routes to promote the ‘live, work and play’ principle.

Going big on budget In Ekurhuleni’s 2017 budget speech, MMC for Finance and Economic Development Cllr Doctor Nkosindiphile Xhakaza stated that R2.6 billion has been allocated over the medium term to build a reliable public transport system, starting with R831 million in 2017/18.

MORETHANMACHINES

EQUIPMENT PROTECTION PLAN•PARTS.CAT.COM•CAT® FINANCE

5 ROCK SOLID REASONS TO BUY A CAT® 426F2.

AFFORDABILITY | QUALITY | ENDURANCE | PERFORMANCE | PARTS

INTRODUCING THE CAT 426F2 - LOWER LIFE CYCLE COSTS, HIGHER RETURNS Designed for durability, it's been proven to withstand the toughest conditions in Africa. Equipment protection plan (EPP) – Includes 36 months or 6 000 hours Powertrain plus Hydraulics protection plan. Parts.cat.com – Access to the most convenient parts acquisition for your fleet Cat® Finance – Choose a finance package that meets your business needs

Pre-order your 426F2 online now visit www.barloworld-equipment.com/426F2 or call 010 040 7846. YEARS IN PARTNERSHIP 1927 - 2017

BUILT FOR IT.

™

© 2017 Caterpillar. All Rights Reserved. CAT, CATERPILLAR, BUILT FOR IT, their respective logos, "Caterpillar Yellow", the "Power Edge" trade dress as well as corporate and product identity used herein, are trademarks of Caterpillar and may not be used without permission.

TRANSPORT, LOGISTICS, VEHICLES & EQUIPMENT

The importance of workshop efficiencies Managed maintenance agreements pass on significant savings and significantly improve overall vehicle availability. This is part one in a series of five articles that address the top five problems facing municipal fleet managers. By Nigel Webb*

municipality’s in-house workshop is repeatedly identified as a critical issue that impacts negatively on fleet performance and availability. The simple reason for this statement is that these facilities are often not viable, unless there is volume or they are sited in a remote location without access to alternatives. The modern motor vehicle has impacted on their viability with evolving technology, the need for specialised tools, service and maintenance plans, staff training and skills. There is a long list of key issues that make these workshops unviable. Municipal fleets are a mix of makes and specialised equipment, because of the tender process. There are often extremes of age, which bring complexity and redundancy costs to the store’s function. An old fleet exposes the municipality to the risk of expensive major mechanical repairs, which is outsourced to specialists. Specialised tools are expensive and often not available, and workshop technicians do not have the necessary training. Further, new vehicles with strict warranty requirements have to be serviced at dealers. All of these issues, in combination, reduce activity in municipal workshops.

PO inefficiencies The municipality’s internal purchase order system is possibly the greatest contributor to workshop inefficiencies. It applies to buying spares, because they are not held in stores, and/or outsourced repairs. The need for a structured expense authorisation process is

necessary, but the participants and the bureaucracy do not share the same urgency as the operations team. Delays of 30 days appear to be normal, but extended periods are not the exception. A reliance on internal workshops and the municipality’s administrative processes are major contributors to vehicles being unavailable – the costs of which are significant. What, then, are the options and how can operating efficiencies be achieved? Managed maintenance (MM) is a standard fleet management service, which is expected to reduce the maintenance costs of the municipal fleet, reduce turnaround times, increase quality of repair and increase overall fleet efficiency/availability. MM does require that work be outsourced to selected suppliers who comply with warranty, pricing, quality and BBBEE requirements.

Authority mandates The MM supplier will pre-authorise expenditure, ensuring that the work is correctly diagnosed and necessary, warranties and supplier guarantees are fully applied, and that the cost is correct by referencing to job cost standards. The MM supplier has restricted authority mandates and the pre-authorisation process can require that municipal supply chain processes are applied. A number of large state organisations utilise the RT46 MM state tender. The MM supplier will follow up on turnaround times and receive invoices for validation and payment to the supplier. Municipal expenditure is consolidated into monthly statements. The use of MM will minimise service and repair activity through the municipal workshops, although they can still be retained for small jobs, such as light bulb replacement and all-important vehicle safety inspections. However, the benefit will be improved turnaround times, reduced cost and improved fleet availability. The financial benefits of improved availability are substantial. For a fleet of 200 vehicles, a 5% improvement reduces fleet size by 10 to 15 vehicles, depending on current availability levels. This has a minimum cost benefit of approximately R1 million per annum, depending on vehicle type. *Nigel Webb is the head of Latitude Fleet Services.

IMIESA September 2017

New roller promises quality compaction Dynapac has introduced a new soil drum roller to service South Africa’s 10 t market segment.

he new CA255 soil drum roller (SDR) follows on from its wellperforming sibling the CA270, which was introduced to the 12 t segment in 2012. Designed for productivity, the rugged CA255 is a low-maintenance, fuel-efficient machine that delivers reliable, high-quality compaction. The machine’s large fuel tank and front and rear working lights make it capable of working reliably for long hours in tough applications and harsh conditions. While capable of compacting most soil types as well as all types of base and reinforcement courses, it is ideally suited for roadbuilding as well as the layer works compaction required at airfields, ports and harbours, and industrial project sites. The soil compactor features a 50 mm drum frame, is drum-driven and has a heavy-duty rear axle with failsafe brakes. The machine’s powerful, fuel-efficient, water-cooled power unit delivers high performance and nonstop operation for maximum reliability at the lowest operating costs. The advanced, feature-rich hydraulic system, which includes a closed-loop hydraulic circuit and a lowestin-class hydraulic tank volume, further optimises the machine’s efficiency.

Determining quality compaction At 30.9 kg/cm, the Dynapac CA255 boasts one of the highest static linear loads in the

A FAYAT GROUP SUBSIDIARY On 1 July 2017, Dynapac became a company within the Fayat Group, operating under the Dynapac brand name, following the recent sale by the Atlas Copco Group of its global Road Construction Equipment Division. Familyowned and 100% independent, Fayat is the number one construction group in France and a world leader in road construction equipment. The Atlas Copco name will gradually be phased out and the Dynapac brand will be prominently displayed on all products come 2018. Dynapac South Africa’s current product portfolio remains unchanged and all scheduled product renewals will continue as planned.

industry compared to similar machines, and offers two different amplitudes – a high amplitude of 1.7 mm for thicker layers and a low 0.8 mm amplitude for thinner layers. This ensures quality compaction. While frequency is optimised to match amplitude, the CA255 uses electronically operated vibration (vibration pump with EDC) to reduce resonating frequencies that can cause structural failure and operator discomfort. Efficient shock absorbers keep vibrations on the operator’s platform to a minimum. “Now that we are able to offer a quality, Africa-centric compaction solution for both the 10 t and 12 t segments, our growth in the SDR segment is evident,” says Neville Marthinussen, business line manager, Dynapac SA. “This unit is ideally positioned and priced to fill the gap for small and medium market segments due to its affordability, fuel savings, reduced R/m3 compaction cost, higher production ability and consequently low cost of ownership.”

PLASTIC PIPES

RELIABLE

CONSTRUCTION

PARTNERS

From R269 000 Tippers

8.140 FD 4x2 3.5m3

15.180 FD 4x2 6m3

16.240 FD 4x2 6m3

28.280 FD 6x4 10m3

FAW tippers can handle the toughest of environments with ease – dust, stones and uneven terrain, challenging entry/exit slopes. Supporting FAW’s uptime promise is a host of aftersales back-up services, and maintenance and parts supply through a wide dealer network.

(excluding VAT) 8.140 FD chassis cab, T&Cs apply.

35.340 FD 8x4 15m3

Mixers

33.330 FC 6x4 6m3

35.340 FC 8x4 8m3

FAW provides purpose-t mixer trucks that can conquer the rigors of any building site. There are few mixers to match FAW strength and long-lasting working capability. FAW mixer models are easy to drive and offer exceptional durability because of a strong chassis frame, the robust materials and quality standards applied in the manufacture of the truck, the drivetrain and the mixer body. E&OE

BUILT IN SOUTH AFRICA FOR AFRICA

www.faw.co.za

Success on the move

087 700 2810

TRANSPORT, LOGISTICS, VEHICLES & EQUIPMENT

A reputation for reliability

There are massive opportunities for transport business in Africa if you understand the continent and acknowledge, accept and plan for the challenges it presents.

his is the opinion of Buks van Rensburg, MD, Buks Haulage Limited (BHL), who recently added another 25 FAW 28.380FT truck tractors to his fleet. BHL has successfully operated a transport business for over 20 years in Africa, and believes that running heavy-duty trucks throughout Southern Africa requires one ver y important attribute – flexibility. “First-world business models for logistics and materials handling are not necessarily going to work in sub-Saharan Africa,” he advises. “Where I run transport throughout Southern Africa, and up to Zambia, the challenges are massive and can change

quickly. You need to be able to adapt and reorganise your team, the logistics, routes, contracts and loads, quickly and easily. Obviously, you need the tools and infrastructure to communicate and plan fast. You also need your support infrastructure to move with you when needed.”

Building a solid fleet BHL now runs over 160 FAW vehicles, the majority being FAW28.380FT sidetippers for Zambian copper concentrate, as well as a few drop-side load carriers for timber work in Swaziland, among many other applications. “I took a decision a few years ago that all my replacement vehicles would be FAW 28.380FT truck tractors,” says Van Rensburg. This is because it offers effective cost of ownership, together with a dependable, durable and easy-tooperate product, as well as good aftersales support from FAW. According to Van Rensburg, the company has realised a

10% saving on fuel and increased uptime from 65% to 95% since switching to FAW vehicles. Each of the company’s vehicles is equipped with satellite tracking technology and all of its drivers are given mobile telephones. This enables BHL to monitor driver behaviour and ensure its trucks are being operated in the most cost-efficient and responsible manner possible. According to Van Rensburg, sound project management is vital in all types of jobs, whether they are long- or short-term contracts. “Excellent communication is of the essence for effective decision-making, the delegation of tasks and liaison with our customers at all levels, and the assigned manager will ensure that the project team develops a sound understanding and appreciation for each of our clients’ businesses,” he says. “Our business is only as good as our people, and partners like FAW and Afrit. BHL is ver y fortunate to have a committed group – people and companies – who believe any job is possible and ever ything around us is an opportunity.”

IMIESA September 2017

TRANSPORT, LOGISTICS, VEHICLES & EQUIPMENT

New campus for Komatsu

ow under construction in Germiston, Gauteng, Komatsu’s new industrial campus will be housed on an extensive footprint of around 300 000 m2 and will ser ve as the central hub from which this leading earthmoving manufacturer will direct its operations in Southern Africa. “By consolidating all our head office functions into one campus, we will enhance our ability to improve our customer support, as well as have sufficient space for further ex-

pansion in the future,” explains Mike Blom, managing director, Komatsu Africa Holdings. The first phase of development, a stateof-the-art parts distribution centre of some 22 000 m2, was completed in just nine months. This warehouse has the largest floor without a joint in the country, and rises 13 m from floor to eaves. As a result, semiautomated turrets operating within the warehouse can retrieve items from the highest points with total accuracy and safety. “Our long-term dream of consolidating into a single Komatsu campus is fast becoming

a reality. The first phase of construction has gone exceptionally well. Looking ahead, we will continue to consolidate our head office functions into the new campus. This will include the relocation of our Isando branch, as well as Reman and the head office,” concludes Blom. Construction on Phase 2 started in July 2017 and is expected to be fully operational by September 2018. Completion of the new Komatsu campus in its entirety is scheduled for 2021 to coincide with Komatsu’s 100th anniversary.

CEMENT & CONCRETE

Durability and longer service life Building roads with concrete passes on major sustainability benefits – including low noise, the potential for in situ recycling, community-based projects, economic designs and extended life-cycle utilisation. It’s about smar t solutions. By Bryan Perrie*

oncrete is the most widely used building material on the planet and the material on which modern civilisation is built. It also has a substantial environmental footprint. There is nothing mysterious about sustainability in concrete pavement/road construction. It is simply good engineering, requiring the best and most efficient use of limited resources to achieve design objectives. It is not about perfection, but about balancing competing – and often contradictory – interests. Sustainability calls for the balancing of economic, environmental and social factors. The more they are integrated, the better the balance. Common sense principles of sustainability include: • get smart • design to serve the community • choose what you use • less is more • minimise impact • take care of what you have • innovate. These principles apply as much to general concrete work as they do to concrete pavement construction.

Get smart Design for what you need – no more and no less – but never sacrifice engineering quality. Don’t build a full-width road when a strip road will be sufficient and impact less on the environment. Ensure that all relevant design criteria are met and take the holistic approach to design. Remember that pavements are not just about thickness.

Design to serve the community Always consider the needs and concerns of the affected communities and design to address their specific requirements. The emphasis may vary from community to community and could include issues such as travel time delays caused by construction, noise during and after construction, compromised safety and ride quality. In South Africa, the potential for job creation and skills transfer should always be considered.

Choose what you use Select the materials to use, understand what is available and import only what you need and, wherever possible, source

TOP Work under way on a concrete road construction project ABOVE Bryan Perrie, managing director, TCI

materials locally to minimise transportation. Try to maintain a zero-waste policy and always recycle and reuse. In this respect, concrete is a real winner. It is 100% recyclable and recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) can be utilised in new concrete, in sub-bases and granular fill. In addition, on-site recycling reduces pollution, the need to use virgin materials, plus time and energy in transportation. Recycling can even become a source of income.

Less is more Less material used means less impact on the environment. Thus using Portland cement most effectively can improve sustainability. This can be achieved in several ways: - Blended cements can reduce the clinker factor of cement by up to 50%. - Supplementary cementitious materials – such as fly ash, slagment, silica fume and limestone – can reduce the cement

IMIESA September 2017

YOUR QUALITY MARK IN PRECAST CONCRETE

Obtain your mark of approval from the leading authority in the precast concrete industry.

TRUST THE INDUSTRY EXPERTS Address: Office 0400, Standard Plaza Building, 440 Hilda Street, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0083 Tel: (011) 805 6742 • Email: admin@cma.org.za • Website: www.cma.org.za

CEMENT & CONCRETE

content of concrete. Already these ‘waste materials’ have become a valuable resource, contributing to energy and cost savings in cement and concrete. - Optimised mix design – using the correct aggregate, gradings and appropriate cement types – can produce concrete of specified strength more economically. Why does cement matter? Worldwide, the cement industry is responsible for approximately 5% of man-made CO2, 40% from burning coal and 60% from the calcination of limestone. Thus, minimising the use of raw materials in the production of cement by the use of waste materials contributes to reducing the carbon footprint of both cement and concrete.

Minimise impact Noise: A five-year Canadian study revealed that concrete roads were only 2 dB to 4 dB louder than asphalt (a conversation registers 60 dB to 70 dB and a whisper, 20 dB). Safety: Surface texturing of concrete pavement

Pigmented concrete bus lanes are extensively used in urban areas all over the world. This picture shows new Ekurhuleni bus lanes in Kempton Park

can improve water run-off so that traffic on wet roads does not cause splash, spray and skidding. The light colour of concrete pavements deflects light from vehicles and street lights, improving night-time visibility while effecting energy and materials savings by requiring fewer street lights per kilometre of road. Heat retention: Concrete roads reflect sunlight, which helps to mitigate the ‘heat island’ effect. Research shows that black surfaces exposed to sunlight can become 21°C hotter than reflective white surfaces. This heats up the air around roads, contributing to increased temperatures in surrounding buildings, necessitating a greater use of air conditioning, energy consumption and electricity demand. Fuel savings: Heavy vehicles cause greater deflection on flexible pavements than on rigid

IMIESA September 2017

PRECAST Affordable. Sustainable. Raw material efficient. Do you have projects that should deliver high-quality, sustainable and affordable housing with great outlooks? If yes, precast concrete offers a smart solution. It is a cost-efficient way to build any type of buildings safely, with less raw materials and long building lifetime. Elematic delivers everything you’ll need to start and run a precast concrete factory, from concept design to lifetime support and beyond. And always the best match to your needs.

Find out more at www.elematic.com/precast-concrete

www.elematic.com sales@elematic.com

CEMENT & CONCRETE A concrete strip road in the Mountain Zebra National Park near Cradock, Eastern Cape, highlights the lesser environmental impact strip roads have compared to full-width ones

concrete pavements. This increased deflection of the pavement absorbs some of the vehicle energy available to propel the vehicle. Consequently, more energy – and more fuel – is required to drive on flexible pavements.

Take care of what you have Concrete pavements are characterised by durability and a longer service life. They also require far less maintenance and rehabilitation than flexible pavements, saving on materials, time and traffic delays. However, well-timed maintenance and rehabilitation are essential to ensure that concrete pavements achieve their design life. When rehabilitation becomes necessary, concrete pavements make it possible to use the equity remaining in the existing pavement. Overlays and inlays can take advantage of the remaining strength in the pavement and extend service life substantially. The design of high-volume

pavements should accommodate future diamond grinding to extend pavement life.

Innovation In order to innovate, the points below should be followed: • Identify problems and opportunities; generate solutions, implement them, and reiterate. • Learn from mistakes. • Ensure that specifications produce the required service life. • Evaluate emerging technologies and adopt those with demonstrated promise. • Educate and challenge yourself and your workforce. The benefits concrete brings make it the sustainable choice for transportation projects where performance, value, longevity and concern for the environment are critical. This article draws on work by Dr Peter Taylor, associate director, National Center for Concrete Pavement Technology, Iowa State University. *Bryan Perrie is the managing director of The Concrete Institute.

CEMENT & CONCRETE

Precast speeds up housing delivery

It is estimated that the backlog in the development and delivery of social housing in the Western Cape stands at over 350 000, against a national backdrop of over two million units.

n Durbanville, just outside of Cape Town, Por tland Hollowcore’s precast concrete panel production plant runs a six-day-a-week shift in order to manufacture concrete panels that are required for social housing developments around the Western Cape region. “The demand for social housing in the Western Cape, like elsewhere in the country, is enormous,” says Nico Heyns, managing director, Portland Hollowcore. “With the time- and cost-efficiencies that can be achieved by utilising precast concrete panels, I believe that when developers used to traditional and historical methods of building houses and apartments embrace this technology further, we can make a substantial

and positive impact on budgets and delivery.” Portland Hollowcore, a subsidiary of the Portland Group, manufactures the precast concrete panels at its Durbanville premises in a purpose-made factory. The panels are reinforced with pre-stressed cables and are formed in an extrusion process with machinery and technology supplied by Elematic, headquartered in Akaa, Finland. “A critical factor in our improved production processes has been the Elematic technology. The new machinery enables us to cast at a faster speed and in more lanes per day – we are able to produce more metres of concrete per minute – and the quality is better,” explains Heyns. The Elematic machines have resulted in substantially less factory downtime, due to the preventative maintenance scheduling, and

IMIESA September 2017

We are there when you need support

Need help with your concrete? We offer a free advisory service for general concrete queries. Perfect concrete with us.

www.theconcreteinstitute.org.za +27 11 315 0300

CEMENT & CONCRETE

have a lifespan of between 15 and 20 years.

Turnkey solution Portland offers a full turnkey solution of design, the manufacture of specified precast concrete panels, delivery and on-site installation. The company is continuously supplying a number of clients whose projects and precast installations are completed within a single day. Portland Hollowcore is currently supplying over 150 000 m2 of panels to projects developed by Calgro M3 around the greater Cape Town area. It has also supplied decking and stairs to the Belhar social housing project.

Future potential “Using precast concrete slabs definitely offers substantial savings in time. It is less labour-intensive for the contractor and offers up to 30

days less standing time on one simple deck,” says Heyns. While the cost of prefabrication is not necessarily cheaper, the on-site activities such as transportation, labour and time are all eliminated or substantially reduced. Once the panels have been installed, the client only has to fill the joints and put a screed on top, which takes a single day. Portland Hollowcore’s investment into more advanced machinery enables the company to manufacture concrete panels throughout the day, leaving the panels to cure overnight, and be ready for cutting and delivery all within a 24-hour window. “We hope to expand our production facility shortly. We do intend to stay with Elematic, whose machinery is of a high quality and with support and service that are key differentiators,” concludes Nico.

HOLLOW-CORE SLABS Hollow-core slabs are precast slabs of pre-stressed concrete typically used in the construction of floors in multistorey residential, commercial, office and industrial buildings. It is also possible to use hollow-core slabs in vertical or horizontal installations as walls or noise barriers. The highly optimised and economical use of material makes hollow-core slabs one of the most sustainable products in construction. The precast concrete slab has tubular voids running the full length of the slab, making it much lighter than a massive solid concrete floor slab of equal thickness or strength. In the cross section of hollow-core slabs, concrete is used only where it is actually needed. In areas where concrete acts only as ballast, it is replaced with hollows. This brings savings in concrete material costs, vertical structures, foundations and reinforcement.

IMIESA September 2017

ENDING EROSION Technicrete Armorflex erosion control system provides an alternative for a wide variety of erosion control and drainage projects. When your project calls for protection that can withstand severe applications and climatic conditions, with quick installation with no in-situ concrete or even under water, Armorflex from Technicrete is the engineered solution. Suitable for:

Specially designed:

•

• • • •

Rivers, Estuaries, Dams, Reservoirs Areas subject to wave action Access roads Parking areas Stormwater drift crossings

• • •

Compressed concrete blocks (solid or vertical holes

or horizontal cable ducts)

Interlocking system Partial taper of each block Various sizes of blocks available

Tel: 011 674 6900 Maxi call: 0861 266 267

PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATES AECOM siphokuhle.dlamini@aecom.com Afri-Infra Group (Pty) Ltd banie@afri-infra.com AJ Broom Road Products ajbroom@icon.co.za ALULA (Pty) Ltd info@alulawater.co.za AQUADAM (Pty) Ltd sales@aquadam.co.za Arup SA rob.lamb@arup.com Aurecon Fani.Xaba@aurecongroup.com Aveng Manufacturing Infraset cgroenewald@infraset.com Averda claude.marais@averda.com Bigen Africa Group Holdings otto.scharfetter@bigenafrica.com BMK Group brian@bmkgroup.co.za Bosch Munitech info@boschmunitech.co.za Bosch Projects (Pty) Ltd mail@boschprojects.co.za BVI Consulting Engineers marketing@bviho.co.za Civilconsult Consulting Engineers mail@civilconsult.co.za Corrosion Institute of Southern Africa secretary@corrosioninstitute.org.za Development Bank of SA divb@dbsa.org.za DPI Plastics mgoodchild@dpiplastics.co.za EFG Engineers eric@efgeng.co.za Elster Kent Metering Leonardus.Basson@honeywell.com Engcor Engineers masham@engcorengineers.co.za Fibertex South Africa (Pty) Ltd rcl@fibertex.com GIBB yvanrooyen@gibb.co.za GIGSA secretary@gigsa.org GLS Consulting nicky@gls.co.za Gudunkomo Investments & Consulting info@gudunkomo.co.za Hatch Africa (Pty) Ltd info@hatch.co.za Henwood & Nxumalo Consulting Engineers cc pmboffice@hn.co.za Herrenknecht schiewe.helene@herrenknecht.de Huber Technology cs@hubersa.com Hydro-comp Enterprises dan@edams.co.za I@Consulting louis_icon@mics.co.za INGEROP mravjee@ingerop.co.za Integrity Environment info@integrityafrica.co.za IQHINA Consulting Engineers & Project Managers info@iqhina.co.za Ix engineers (Pty) Ltd hans.k@ixengineers.co.za JBFE Consulting (Pty) Ltd issie@jbfe.co.za JG Afrika DennyC@jgafrika.com KABE Consulting Engineers info@kabe.co.za Kago Consulting Engineers kagocon@kago.co.za Kantey & Templer (K&T) Consulting Engineers info@kanteys.co.za Kitso Botlhale Consulting Engineers zimema.jere@gmail.com Knowledge Base info@knowbase.co.za Lektratek Water general@lwt.co.za Lithon Project Consultants (Pty) Ltd info@lithon.com

Makhaotse Narasimulu & Associates mmakhaotse@mna-sa.co.za Malani Padayachee & Associates (Pty) Ltd admin@mpa.co.za M & C Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd info@mcconsulting.co.za Maragela Consulting Engineers admin@maragelaconsulting.co.za Marley Pipe Systems info@marleypipesystems.co.za Martin & East gbyron@martin-east.co.za Masithu Consulting & Project Management info@mcpm.co.za Mhiduve adminpotch@mhiduve.co.za Moedi Wa Batho Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd info@wabatho.co.za Mott Macdonald Africa (Pty) Ltd mahomed.soobader@mottmac.com Much Asphalt bennie.greyling@muchasphalt.com NAKO ILISO hans.hartung@nakogroup.com Nyeleti Consulting ppienaar@nyeleti.co.za Odour Engineering Systems mathewc@oes.co.za PMA Consulting pragasen@pmaconsultingsa.co.za Pumptron info@pumptron.co.za francisg@rhdv.com Royal HaskoningDHV SABITA info@sabita.co.za SAFRIPOL mberry@safripol.com SALGA info@salga.org.za SARF administrator@sarf.org.za.co.za SBS Water Systems desere@sbstanks.co.za Sembcorp Siza Water info-sizawater@sembcorp.com Servotech (Pty) Ltd finance@servotech.co.za SiVEST SA garths@sivest.co.za Sizabantu Piping Systems (Pty) Ltd gregl@sizabantupipingsystems.com SKYV Consulting Engineers (Pty) Ltd kamesh@skyv.co.za SMEC capetown@smec.com SNA stolz.j@sna.co.za Sobek Engineering gen@sobek.co.za Southern African Society for Trenchless Technology director@sasst.org.za SRK Consulting jomar@srk.co.za Syntell julia@syntell.co.za TPA Consulting roger@tpa.co.za Ulozolo Engineers CC admin@ulozolo.co.za UWP Consulting nonkululekos@uwp.co.za south-africa@vetasi.com Vetasi VIP Consulting Engineers esme@vipconsulting.co.za VUKA Africa Consulting Engineers info@vukaafrica.co.za Water Institute of Southern Africa wisa@wisa.org.za Water Solutions Southern Africa ecoetzer@wssa.co.za Wilo South Africa marketingsa@wilo.co.za WRP ronniem@wrp.co.za WRNA washy@wrnyabeze.com WSP Group Africa sam.herman@wspgroup.co.za

I M E S A A F F I L I AT E M E M B E R S

IMESA

INDEX TO ADVERTISERS 22

ALCO-Safe

30 & 31

Aquatan

Argus

42 & 43

Averda South Africa

Barloworld Equipment

Elematic Smart Evolution

Sanral

Esor Construction

SIKA

IFC 60

FAW Trucks

54 & 55

Sizabantu Piping Systems

GeoTerraImage

15 & 17

SMEC South Africa

Splender Construction

OBC

Gorman-Rupp

Barloworld SEM

IDT

BBF Safety Group

IMESA

36 & IBC

12 & 13

SprayPave

OFC, 6 & 7

26, 38, 63

Technicrete

Camjet

Komatsu South Africa

The Concrete Institute

Ciber

Krohne

Tosas

CMA Certification Services

Latitude

TT Innovations

Mather+Platt

UD Trucks

49 16

Corobrik ECSA

National Asphalt

UWP Consulting

ELB Equipment

Rocla

WEC Projects

10 & 11

28-30 November, Mövenpick Ambassador Hotel, Accra, Ghana

CONFERENCE | EXHIBITION | NETWORKING

Building strategic partnerships for the development of the region’s road industry Early Bird Discount

Collins Donkor, Regional Director, Ghana Highways Authority

Senyo Kwasi Hosi, Chief Executive Officer, CBOD Ghana

Technology Sponsors:

Mustapha Fasinro, Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer, Linetrale

Session Sponsor:

IMIESA September 2017 www.argusmedia.com/west-africa-roads

Djibril Kanazoe, President and Director General, Groupe Kanazoe

Exhibitors:

bitumen@argusmedia.com

Aminu Alhassan, Country Manager, Ghana, Group Five

Networking Sponsor:

+44 (0) 20 7780 4341

Working with TOM500 PVC-O is childs play • • • • • • • •

No special skills required to install No corrosion protection required No welding required No special equipment required No cathodic protection required No mortar lining required No special coatings required No maintenance required*

Molecor TOM500 PVC-O is a socketed joint PVC pipe system available up to 800mm and 25 bar pressure. Ideal for Bulk Water pipelines, the ease of installation means higher productivity and therefore, substantial cost saving.

GORMAN-RUPP AFRICA (PTY) LTD

4 HAROLD FLIGHT ROAD, JET PARK, BOKSBURG | GAUTENG, R.S.A. 1459 PH: +27 11 397 3536 | WEB: WWW.GRPUMPS.CO.ZA | EMAIL: INFO@GRPUMPS.CO.ZA 518-GRA

AFRICA