Water&Sanitation Africa November December 2014 by 3S Media

Promoting professional excellence in the water sector

Water& Sanitation The official magazine of the Water Institute of Southern Africa T

Complete water resource and wastewater management

Africa

SBS TANKS Storage tanks

for the world PANEL DISCUSSION The diversity of package and modular treatment DAMS & RESERVOIRS Engineers reveal a few lesser-known gems

IN THEE OT HOT ATT SEAT July

South Africa s groundwater is under threat, but one local specialist geosynthetic linings contractor, Aquatan Lining Systems, is investing in R&D for positive change. P10 November/December 2014 • ISSN 1990-8857 • Cover price R50.00 • Vol 9 No. 6

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C O N T ENTS S

Volume 9. No.6 Promoting professional excellence in the water sector

Water& Sanitation The official magazine of the Water Institute of Southern Africa T

Complete water resource and wastewater management

Africa

SBS TANKS Storage tanks for the world PANEL DISCUSSION The diversity of package and modular treatment

ON THE COVER

Demand skyrockets for affordable, reliable prefabricated ZINCALUME® tanks from SBS Tanks™. p4

DAMS & RESERVOIRS Engineers reveal a few lesser-known gems

IN THEE OT HOT ATT SEAT July

Pilansberg bulks up

REGULARS Editor’s comment Industry news Product news

3 12 63

COVER STORY Demand grows for water storage

WISA President’s comment City of Saints opens a new chapter

6 8

HOT SEAT Aquatan – Lining for the future

SANITATION Solar-powered waterless dehydration toilets

PROVINCIAL FOCUS Hertzogville Bulk Water Project Pilanesberg bulks up

23 25

OPINION Independent regulation improves delivery

DAMS & RESERVOIRS Beyond engineering at Spring Grove

PIPES Pipes VIII – Hard work and hope

PANEL DISCUSSION Containerised modular systems • Aquaplan • Headstream Water • ImproChem • NuWater • Rare Water Treatment • Veolia Water Technologies • SafeQuip

45 46 49 51 53 55 57

TECHNICAL PAPER Enhancing Johannesburg WWTW’s sludge digestion

Independent regulation improves delivery

Beyond engineering at Spring Grove

Enhancing Johannesburg WWTW’s sludge digestion

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AFRICAN MULTI-NATIONAL

WHY

Publisher Elizabeth Shorten Editor Frances Ringwood Head of design Frédérick Danton Senior designer Hayley Mendelow Designer Kirsty Galloway Chief sub-editor Tristan Snijders Sub-editor Beatrix Knopjes Contributors Jo Burgess, Maryke Foulds, Shanna Nienaber, Peter Labrum, Nicola Theunissen, Helgard Muller, Nicholas McDiarmid, Shaun Deacon, Richard Jansen van Vuuren, Debbie Besseling Marketing manager Hestelle Robinson Digital manager Esther Louw Client services & production manager Antois-Leigh Botma Production coordinator Jacqueline Modise Distribution manager Nomsa Masina Distribution coordinator Asha Pursotham Financial manager Andrew Lobban Administration Tonya Hebenton Printers United Litho Johannesburg +27 (0)11 402 0571 Advertising sales Avé Delport Tel: +27 (0)11 467 6224 • Cell: +27 (0)83 302 1342 Fax: 086 502 1216 • Email: avedel@lantic.net Publisher

EDITOR’S COMMENT

Breaking ground ATER&SANITATION AFRICA (WASA) is the magazine of

the water industry in South Africa

and

beyond

our

national borders. The publication s distribution is growing, with ever-increasing reader numbers being recorded throughout this exciting continent. At last count, the www.infrastructure.ws website is getting 31 181 page views per month, with at least 11 500 unique visits, with the highest number of enquiries outside of South Africa coming from Tanzania, Namibia and Zambia.

Physical address: No 4, 5th Avenue Rivonia 2056 Postal address: PO Box 92026, Norwood 2117, South Africa Tel: +27 (0)11 233 2600 Fax: +27 (0)11 234 7274/5 Email: maryke@3smedia.co.za MEDIA

Figures like that are quite unprecedented in trade publishing. I believe the rising interest strongly correlates with growing investor interest in Africa. After all, Africa is the continent with the most infrastructure

WISA CONTACTS: HEAD OFFICE Tel: +27 (0)11 805 3537 Fax: +27 (0)11 315 1258 Physical address: 1st Floor, Building 5, Constantia Park, 546 16th Road, Randjiespark Ext 7, Midrand BRANCHES www.ewisa.co.za

Free State Chairperson: D.R. Tlhomelang Tel: +27(0)51 403 0800 Secretary/ Treasurer: Riana Wessels Tel: +27(0)56-515-0375

WISA mission statement The Water Institute of Southern Africa provides a forum m for exchange of information and views to improve water resource management in Southern Africa.

Endorsed by

the

coming kicked oﬀ with a word from WISA president

The problem with being involved in an

Dr Jo Burgess. Burgess provides industry

industry with so much potential and fast-

insight on South Africa s new Department

paced growth is that good people quickly

get noticed and snapped up, as happened

Nomvula Mokonyane, and her strategy for

with the last two WASA editors ‒ both were

sector improvement.

Water

and

Sanitation

Minister,

headhunted within the space of two short

Another highlight is engineering company

years. Knowing the pivotal role South Africa

Aecom having provided WASA with a few

and its established water sector profession-

little-known gems about the award-winning

als have to play in meeting the growing

Spring Grove Dam project in the KwaZulu-

demand for water throughout the continent

Natal Midlands.

in the next couple of decades, I took the job.

Also, the panel discussions on container-

Many water industry members will already

ised package and modular plants, which run

know my name or face from attending and

from pages 43 to 57, are eye-opening when

covering various water conferences ‒ be-

read from end to end. Taken together, they

cause water is my passion. It is my goal to

illustrate how diverse the applications and

bring stability and commitment to the helm,

technologies for just one industry sub-sector

by making my association with water, the

can be.

Water Institute of Southern Africa and this

Exciting times lie ahead in the water sector, rd to being bein here as and I m looking forward

magazine, lifelong.

KwaZulu-Natal Chairman: Chris Fennemore Tel: +27 (0)31 311 8734 Secretary/ Treasurer: Stephanie Walsh Tel: +27 (0)31 302-4077 Western Cape Chairman: Gareth McConkey Tel: +27(0) 21 712 4260 Secretary/ Treasurer: Eleonore Bondesio Tel: +27(0)21 872 0322

potential

commodities opportunities.

All articles in Water&Sanitation Africa are copyright protected and may not be reproduced either in whole or in part without the prior written permission of the publishers. The views of contributors do not necessarily reﬂect those of the Water Institute of Southern Africa or the publishers.

Eastern Cape Chairman: Hennie Greeﬀ Tel: +27(0)41 453 3102 Secretary/Treasurer: Chris Dickson Tel: +27(0)41 507 8200

growth

decades, as well as oﬀering outstanding

y unfold. they

In this issue There is some impressive content in the November/December excellence

professional

magazine The official T

Com plet e

urce wate r reso

ewa ter and wast

Institute of the Water

man agem

of Southern

ent

S S B S TA N K

for the wo

ks rld

USSION PANEL DISC The diversity and of package ment modular treat RVOIRS DAMS & RESE reveal a few Engineers gems lesser-known

July

WASA,

Africa

Storage tan

IN THEE OT HOT ATT SEAT

sector in the water

itation Water& San Africa Promoting

edition

Cover opportunity In each issue, Water&Sanitation Africa oﬀers companies the opportunity to get to the front of the line by placing a company, product or service on the front cover of the magazine. Buying this position will aﬀord the advertiser the cover story and maximum exposure. For more information on cover bookings contact Avé Delport on +27 (0)83 302 1342 or email avedel@lantic.net

specialist , but one local r is under threat ms, is s groundwate tan Lining Syste South Africa actor, Aqua ic linings contr P10 6 geosynthet • Vol 9 No. ve change. price R50.00 R&D for positi 7 • Cover 1990-885 investing in Novembe

r/December

2014 • ISSN

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

COVER STORY

Demand grows for SBS Tanks™, a global exporter of Proudly South African liquid storage solutions, is experiencing skyrocketing demand for its modular, affordable and reliable range of prefabricated ZINCALUME® tanks.

BELOW Even where piped water is available, harvesting rainwater saves on municipal bills and is good for the environment

TANKS™

and

inevitable given that the UN esti-

trials that accompany new design

marketing manager Brian

sales

mates an extra 5 billion people will

and development.

Wilson says; Water in Africa

be added to the world s population

continues to be a scarce

by 2050. In response to this, in March last

Boasting an extensive capacity and

positioning. Our locally manufac-

year, water storage solutions com-

size range from the smallest 12 kℓ

tured, aﬀordable and long lasting

pany SBS Tanks™ announced the

ST04/02 model to the ﬂagship 3.3 Mℓ

storage tanks are an extremely ef-

launch of its Proudly South African

ST31/09, the largest single capacity

fective way to mitigate the very real

ST Range of liquid storage tanks.

tank of its kind currently engineered.

potential of water shortages due to

Nearly 18 months later, the compa-

SBS

a variety of factors mainly related to

ny is now well established in both

Delayne Gray, says: We take great

climate and infrastructure.

the local and export markets and

pride in the tank technology and

continues to grow from strength

design developments achieved in

to strength.

such a short time. The entire range

What is important to remember is that these diﬃculties are not

Tanks™

managing

director,

unique to South Africa or even the

SBS™ is certiﬁed with the envi-

of SBS Tanks™ is technically superior

African continent but are occurring

able SABS ISO 9001:2008 Quality

and fully certiﬁed by professional

globally. Water shortages are high

Management System certiﬁcation

engineers. All tank components are

on many international political and

and its employees have worked

fully traceable and manufactured

environmental

extremely hard to overcome all the

locally, which ensures SBS™ is able

agendas

and

are

SBS Tanks™, the proud winners of the DCCI KZN Exporter of the Year Award 2014: Small Category

Range capacity

commodity due to our geographic

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

COVER STORY

water storage to rapidly deliver and install tanks

eﬄuent, sewage, leachate and other

for clients in the municipal, mining,

tough-to-handle materials.

commercial industries

and within

ﬁre

protection

South

Africa

and internationally.

We have taken the view that we will entertain and investigate any enquiries, make a technical

To accommodate the expansion

assessment as to the suitability of

of the company in both staﬀ re-

our tank body and liner and give the

sources and production capacity, to

customer an honest answer rather

meet the increased demands, SBS™

than conﬁning ourselves to just one

now operates from a much larger,

application. We want to become

state-of-the-art facility in Pinetown.

the place to go for liquid storage

Our new premises is an exciting

needs in South Africa and abroad,

expansion to this ever-growing busi-

says Wilson.

ness and I am excited to be a part of it, says Brian Wilson, SBS Tanks™ sales and marketing manager.

Storing more than water SBS Tanks™ are not just built to store

BOTTOM LEFT SBS Tanks™ in modular kit form before being transported to site BOTTOM SBS Tanks™ also erects tanks beyond Africa – this installation was installed at the Pearl Island Peninsula resort in Panama BELOW A tank installed at Ndaya Community in Msinga Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal

ADVANTAGES OF SBS TANKS: • SBS Tanks™ installations take a matter of days rather than weeks or months • SBS Tanks™ only require a simple reinforced ring beam, meaning that founding requirements are far less stringent than the normal concrete tank methods • SBS Tanks™ water storage tanks are easily transported as they are supplied in kit form and erected by approved installation teams on-site • SBS Tanks™ have a 65+ year life expectancy • SBS Tanks™ can be relocated to other sites should the need arise • SBS Tanks™ are versatile, with a range of standard and special fittings available to meet any engineering or industrial requirement

potable water anymore either. In its quest to suit new markets, SBS™ now oﬀers tanks capable of storing

t +27 (0)31 716 1820 www.sbstanks.co.za

In each issue, Water&Sanitation Africa oﬀers advertisers the opportunity to promote their company s products and services to an appropriate audience by booking the prime position of the front cover, which includes a feature article. The magazine oﬀers advertisers an ideal platform to ensure maximum exposure of their brand. Please call Avé Delport on +27 (0)11 467 6224/ +27 (0)83 302 1342 to secure your booking.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

PRESIDENT â&#x20AC;&#x2122;S COMMENT

Times they are a-changing The impact on the private sector in the water industry has probably not been felt much yet, if at all, but in the public sector the winds of change have been blowing since the May 2014 election.

BELOW Jo Burgess, president of WISA BOTTOM Katse Dam

E WERE understand-

for Safety and Liaison from 1999 to

ably

2004, and was appointed Housing

remain one of the core challenges

May by a little event

MEC

2009.

of our time globally, and particu-

but

Minister Mokonyane became the

larly for South Africa s growing

our votes on 7 May meant that, on

premier of Gauteng in May 2009,

political economy. Yet, while South

25 May, the day before WISA 2014

becoming the first female premier.

Africa

opened, Nomvula Paula Mokonyane

Upon her appointment to the posi-

Development Goal targets in these

became

tion, she reorganised the Gauteng

areas, our primary goal remains that

provincial administration.

of universal access to safe and sus-

W the

distracted Mbombela,

Minister

Water

Affairs and Sanitation.

between

2004

and

Water

and

has

sanitation

met

the

services

Millennium

Mokonyane is the former premier

On 25 May this year, Mokonyane

tainable water and sanitation servic-

of Gauteng and comes from

was appointed Minister of Water

es to all in South Africa. Only when

Rand the West R Rand. Her political

Affairs and Sanitation, a ministry

we have enabled this expansion of

early

newly mandated to combat wa-

the frontiers of human dignity can

st 1980s as a student activist.

ter and sanitation issues across

we begin to talk about growth and

Her careerr in included various

the

prosperity in earnest.

portfolio ccom committees before

is not a Member of Parliament,

she was appo appointed MEC of

but

career

beg gan began

Agricultu ure, Agriculture,

the

country. the

The

new

Constitution

minister of

South

Fresh outlook

Conservation

Africa allows for two ministers to

Ushering in a ministry unifying

Env viron and Environment in 1996.

be appointed from outside the

water and sanitation, and also the

National Legislature.

appointment of the honourable

Sh he She

became

MEC

Minister of Water and Sanitation, Nomvula Mokonyane, and the honourable Deputy Minister, Pamela Tshwete, were generally welcomed by the water sector. One of the first tasks of the new ministry was to call on stakeholders in the water family to come together and define our working relationship at the National Water

and

Sanitation

Summit,

held on 1 to 2 August in Boksburg, Gauteng, this year. The aim of the summit was to engage with stakeholders on the primary challenges facing water and sanitation in South Africa, and to identify game changers and develop innovative solutions. These solutions will enable us to take a significant leap forward as we collaboratively develop a national vision for water and sanitation over the next five years, as well as over

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

PRESIDENT ’S COMMENT

“[We] shall, with immediate effect, use this budget to deal with 10% of existing services that are dysfunctional and a further 26% where the provision of water is not reliable.”

WATER Water Supply | Water Treatment | Industrial Water Management Minesite Water Management | Water Reuse & Recycling Chemistry and Geochemistry | Numerical Modelling

Minister Nomvula Mokonyane

Water management

the longer term. Invited participants engaged in plenary, breakaway sessions and panel discussions on topics related

for sustainable business

to meeting the service delivery challenge, the water and sanitation policy environment, water research, development and innovation choices, the state of South Africa s water resources, and the role of the private sector.

Budget speech In her budget speech to Parliament on 15 July this year, Minister Mokonyane talked about the mandate of this fifth democratic administration being

to move South Africa

forward through radical socio-economic transformation. In this spirit she added, As we strive to consolidate our successes and celebrate the good story in the water sector, we shall, with immediate effect, use this budget to deal with 10% of existing services that are dysfunctional and a further 26% where the provision of water is not reliable. She went on to list a series of game changers to turn South Africa s water and sanitation fortunes around and concluded, The participation of our people in the water sector is key.

Leadership strength Part of Mokonyane s strategy is to populate her ministry with strong, capable staff, including Margaret-Ann Diedricks, the newly appointed DG of the Department of Water and Sanitation. The DG designate was appointed on 19 October and undertook her first official engagement, a meeting with the Strategic Water Partners Network ‒ South Africa, a day later. Diedricks is the former Gauteng DG. She brings a wealth of public service experience, having worked as a researcher in the Gauteng Provincial Legislature in 1996. She was appointed as head of the Department of Community

WorleyParsons has a strong track record in delivering innovative solutions utilising pipelines, groundwater and membrane technologies and sustainability modelling for cost-effective water solutions.

Safety from 2006 until 2009. She then joined the Office of the Premier as COO. In 2011, Diedricks became COO at Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality. She re-joined Gauteng in 2012 when she became the director-general. Commended for her good leadership, good governance and dedication to her work, Diedericks has achieved clean

- Over 30 years’ experience - Deep local knowledge - Global expertise - BBBEE Level 2

audits for concurrent years while at the helm at the Office of the Premier. Under her stewardship, the Gauteng Office of the Premier was also awarded the best department at the premier s Service Excellence Awards in 2013. WISA extends a warm welcome to Minister Mokonyane and DG Diedricks. We look forward to seeing the benefits of strong practical leadership and we wish them well during

their time in the water family. We sincerely pledge our full support to our new ministry.

countries

166

www.worleyparsons.com NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

offices

37,500

people

TRAINING

City of Saints opens a new chapter A new Young Water Professionals provincial chapter has launched in the Eastern Cape’s City of Saints, Grahamstown. YWPs having fun playing with and learning from a water distribution game

experiences and provide a context for career development. The launch of the EC-YWP kicked oﬀ with a keynote address on water, governance, complexity and democracy delivered by Prof Tally Palmer,

OUTH

AFRICAN

Young

either working, or interested, in the

the director of the Unilever Centre

Water Professionals (YWP-

water sector, or studying towards

for Environmental Water Quality at

ZA) has announced that it

a postgraduate degree in water

Rhodes University. Palmer s personal

has launched a new chapter

and related disciplines. The YWP

experience of being a young pro-

in the Eastern Cape. The event

is an initiative of the International

fessional in the water sector some

took place at Rhodes University

Water Association in partnership

years ago, and her involvement

in Grahamstown on 2 August this

with WISA. The network aims to

in drafting the SA National Water

year and attracted over 80 enthusi-

bring together young professionals

Policy and the National Water Act,

astic young professionals who are

in the water sector to share their

inspired conﬁdence in the YWPs at

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

TRAINING the launch, all of whom are eager

and Louise Bryson, en-

to make a diﬀerence in the Eastern

vironmental consultant

Cape water sector.

engineering

ﬁrm

The chairperson of the Eastern

Aurecon, provided the

Cape YWP, Dr Nelson Odume and

participants with an op-

Shanna Nienaber, national chairper-

portunity to experience

son of the YWP-ZA, co-facilitated a

the task of providing

water-based dialogue in which par-

water services in South

ticipants discussed the challenges

Africa. This was also a

in the Eastern Cape water sector and

great way to get young

considered ways in which YWP can

water

professionals

respond to this.

learning

playing.

A presentation on the biolog-

Elections for the new

ical treatment of wastewater by

chapter followed. The

Prudence Mambo, the secretary of

day ended with a networking game

events and community-engagement

the EC-YWP, sparked a debate about

facilitated by Dan Abraham, civil

activities throughout the Eastern

technology uptake and implemen-

engineer at Aurecon. This provided a

Cape. The EC-YWP has nodes in

tation. It was agreed that there is a

good opportunity for YWPs to get to

Port Elizabeth, East London and

need for a follow-up event to discuss

know each other over a bite to eat.

Grahamstown, with each of the

these matters in more detail.

The newly elected EC-YWP com-

The second part of the launch

mittee members are eager to make a

focused on more practical activities.

diﬀerence. The committee will strive

A water service delivery game facil-

to create an enabling environment

itated by Esther Shaylor, technical

for networking, connecting young

supervisor at water and sanitation

professionals

company Amanz abantu Services,

sector practitioners, and facilitating

with

experienced

A discussion on aims of the YWP-ZA

nodes serving as a central hub for activities in that particular area. To get in touch with YWP-ZA please contact Shanna Nienaber: Shanna. Nienaber@dst.gov.za or visit www.sa-ywp.org.za.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

Welcome to the future – a future of Mwangaza We are all writing a part of the script which tomorrow’s society will play out. At Royal HaskoningDHV we would like the title to read: ‘Welcome to the future’ - and for our chapter in that script to read ‘Mwangaza’ - a Swahili word which means ‘light’. Together with our partners and clients we consider how we can create a welcoming future - developing efficient and smart living. Whether switching on a light, travelling to work or drinking a clean glass of water - the solutions and work of our engineers surround us, making lives better and brighter. Our work contributes to the sustainable development of communities. Together, we deliver innovative sustainable answers to today’s challenges. Royal HaskoningDHV is an independent, international engineering and project management consultancy.

royalhaskoningdhv.com/za

HOT SEAT

Lining for the future

South Africa’s groundwater is under threat but one local geosynthetic linings company heard the call to make a difference. Frances Ringwood reports. Using the correct liners protects groundwater

OT ACID mine water but

Aquatan s involvement in the ge-

to remove VOCs and has in addition

groundwater protection is

omembrane industry stretches from

been commissioned to design and in-

going to be one of South

1966 when, through its chairman

stall an EBS cooling system for another

Africa s biggest water man-

Cliﬀord Gundle, it developed man-

prominent client.

agement challenges in future, says

ufacturing of suitably compounded

independent water expert Dr Mike

and

Muller in a panel discussion held two

sheeting. The consequent develop-

As recently as 1994 the ﬁrst law gov-

years ago in Johannesburg answering

ment of unique extrusion and later

erning the prevention of contamina-

the question,

Is Gauteng water

wedge seaming equipment resulted

tion of groundwater from landﬁll sites

facing a crisis? It s long been known

in many millions of square meters of

was published. It was called Minimum

among industry professionals that

successfully installed geomembranes.

Requirements for Waste Disposal by

the country s groundwater is under

Most recently, about eight years ago,

Landﬁll, First Edition, 1994. The result

threat, both from pollution and over

Aquatan developed and invested in

of the law was that proﬁcient liners

abstraction. Few people or companies

its patented Enhanced Barrier System

were used for the containment of

were taking decisive action on the

(EBS) driven by amongst other issues

hazardous wastes but general landﬁlls

matter ‒ until now.

the rapid deterioration of geomem-

themselves were usually lined with

linings

branes under continuous high tem-

only the most basic clay-only liners

contractor Aquatan Lining Systems, a

perature exposure such as is the case

with associated leachate collection

company that installs Geosynthetics

in landﬁlls. The EBS, using a negative

and subsoil drainage systems. These

reservoirs,

pressure, removes diﬀused VOCs from

barriers provided at best minimal

ﬂoating

the space between the double com-

protection

cover reservoirs, tunnels, canals and

posite liner system within a drainage

poisonous substances in waste lea-

also landﬁlls has invested substan-

layer between the two composite

chate ‒ comprising substances that

tially in recent years to develop a

liners, hydrates and maintains the GCL

emanates from chemical and biologi-

barrier

overcomes

hydrated and regulates the geomem-

cal reactions in waste to form volatile

major technical challenges which

branes temperature individually or

organic compounds (VOCs) hazardous

fulﬁls the unique climate, costs and

together in the same liner system.

to human health.

legislative

South

Aquatan recently completed an EBS

When VOCs diﬀuse through the

Africa to ensure long term maximum

project for a very prominent client

barriers into groundwater it becomes

groundwater protection.

where the purpose of the system was

dilute but given enough time, the

N Specialist

water

pollution

Geosynthetic

containment control

system

dams,

which

requirements

wide-width

geomembrane

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

Research and development

groundwater

from

HOT SEAT eﬀect of volatile organic compounds

Research Foundation are two of the

dams,

entering

main funders of Pienaar s research.

ponds, wetlands and a wide variety

the

water

table

builds.

Locally and internationally, norms and

standards

were

adapted

municipal

dams,

sewerage

of other liquid containment and

Technology

waterprooﬁng projects.

alleviate the concerns raised within

Heat is one of the biggest factors inﬂu-

Since Aquatan represents a geo-

the scientiﬁc community concerning

encing the lifespan of landﬁll linings,

synthetic linings company which not

groundwater quality.

where the heat generated during the

only says it cares about water but

South African legislation was im-

solid waste degradation process can

puts money where its mouth is, the

proved over the years to take account

drive temperatures high enough to

company s environmental credentials

of growing urban populations, rainfall,

reduce a normal geosynthetic liner s

are second to none. Aquatan has

temperatures and the topographical

lifespan of centuries to as little as 15

sponsored students to study water

and social positioning of landﬁlls.

years. That means that even when

and the environment since its ﬁrst

The current legislation governing the

a liner complies with legal require-

bursary in 1985 and since then has

design of landﬁll liner systems in South

ments, its long-term eﬃcacy may be

supported students in recent years to

Africa is the Waste Classiﬁcation and

compromised if there is no measure to

study water and the environment at

Management Regulations with norms

mitigate temperature increases.

Harvard University in the US.

and standards gazetted under the

oﬀering

Aquatan is the only South African

National Environmental Management

unique is that as well as comprising

lining contractor which is an accepted

Waste Act (59 of 2008). It forms part of

several layers of geosynthetic mate-

member of the Geosynthetic Institute

a number of laws coming into eﬀect

rial paired with a leachate drainage

in the US

which now make it standard practice

system, it combines proprietary tech-

for all landﬁlls to be lined using at least

nology which minimises temperature

a single composite liner comprising

increases associated with exothermic

a number of diﬀerent layers and

reactions in landﬁll waste.

drainage systems, each with diﬀerent

What

makes

Aquatan s

This is why the company calls its

protection functions. Not all such

technology

barriers are equal. Because Aquatan is

System . Using a fan or similar device, a

Enhanced

Barrier

committed to creating a product that

ﬂuid (gas, liquid or a combination) can

is competitive not only in terms of cost

be drawn through the leak detection

but also quality, the company invested

system under negative pressure.

in various research projects and as-

By drawing ﬂuid under negative

sisted in funding the research of Civil

pressure at a controlled temperature

Engineer Reon Pienaar of the interna-

with a controlled moisture content,

tional engineering consultant Aecom

the detrimental temperature which

to research mitigating the diﬀusion of

can reduce the eﬃcacy of geosyn-

VOCs through HDPE Geomembranes.

thetic liners is reduced. This increases

Although landﬁll liners are generally

their service life while simultaneously

designed to provide indeﬁnite protec-

hydrating the clay component of the

tion, it has been proven that the liner,

system, explains Meyer.

and speciﬁcally the HDPE component

Furthermore, VOCs that would oth-

do lose some of their properties over

erwise diﬀuse through the barrier into

time particularly when subjected to

the ground water are removed by the

high temperatures which leads to rap-

process of ﬂuid continuously passing

id degradation of the HDPE that will

through the leak detection or leachate

over time result in a signiﬁcant poten-

collection drainage system.

tial for pollution of the groundwater, Aecom in a paper entitled Protection

Leachpads, dams, wetlands and more

of groundwater beneath waste con-

Geosynthetic liners for dams and

tainment facilities, delivered at the

landﬁlls are worlds apart right? Well,

recent WasteCon 2014 Conference

yes and no. Aquatan will go onto

held in Cape Town.

any site and recommend a liner for a

says Reon Pienaar, a civil engineer at

If there

speciﬁc application. The company s

would thus be a way to cool down the

patented Enhanced Barrier System

liner it would greatly add to the long

is also particularly useful for applica-

term eﬀectiveness of the liner system.

tion such as the heap leach pads of

Aquatan has developed and patented

mines that use chemicals for heavy

the Enhanced Barrier System to miti-

metals extraction.

Pienaar further stated,

gate the inﬂuence of heat thereby ex-

Aquatan s products are also spec-

tending the life of the HDPE geomem-

iﬁed for dams, reservoirs, ﬂoating

brane. Aquatan and the National

covers,

tunnels,

canals,

To read a scientiﬁc explanation of the technology, refer to the technical paper Expanding Containment Barrier Boundaries delivered by Walter Meyer at the 10th ICG conference held in September 2014 in Berlin, Germany.

t +27 (0)11 974 5271 aqua@aquatan.com www.aquatan.com

The correct laying of a geosynthetic lining is essential

APPLICATIONS FOR AQAUTAN’S STATE-OF-THE-ART LINERS • Landfills • Leach pads, canals and collection ponds • Toxic liquid waste containment (for multiple composite lining systems) • Tunnel liners and associated drainage products • ear th or concrete reser voirs and ponds • Storage tanks • Irrigation canals • Wetlands • Floating covers to potable water reser voirs molasses storage facilities and gas generating storage facilities • Drainage of highway and civil projects

tailings

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

INDUSTRY NEWS

CESA awards excellence in engineering Vernon Joubert, Mentor of the Year

IBB MADE ITS mark at

outstanding workmanship and pro-

skills of the industry, starting at our

the coveted CESA Aon

fessionalism.

received

own oﬃces by harnessing top talent

Engineering

Excellence

commendations for its involvement

and developing future leaders in

Awards held at Vodacom

in the Cape Town Backyard Essential

engineering, says Muzi Siyaya, group

World, Midrand, when it walked away

Services Improvement Programme,

business

with one trophy and three commend-

the Kalagadi Manganese railway sid-

at GIBB.

ations.

The

largest

South

GIBB

also

ing project and Job Shadow Day.

development

executive

As the general manager of the

African black-owned engin-

Importantly, the Factreton informal

ﬁrm s dams, hydropower and under-

eering consulting ﬁrm was up

sector electriﬁcation for the City of

ground works sector, Joubert was

against several multinational

Cape Town came second among nine

recognised for his passion and ability

powerhouses and won the

formidable entries.

to support and guide young engin-

Mentor of the Year category

We are proud to have our people

with Vernon Joubert scooping

recognised for their contributions

top honours.

to the much-needed development

He has mentored many people over

The event was a celebra-

of the engineering sector. At GIBB,

his 30-year career in the consulting

tion of innovation, quality,

we continuously aim to nurture the

engineering industry.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

eering professionals to develop and grow holistically.

INDUSTRY NEWS

Breaking barriers South Africa is crying out for a larger pool of engineering skills and the sector needs to ensure that there are no barriers to the entry for women. HILE THE number of

would also caution against applying

do. Nowadays, there is less discrim-

women in consulting

any artiﬁcial incentives for people to

ination in the workplace and that

engineering

has

enter this line of work, he says. The

makes it easier for women to consider

certainly grown, Peter

danger is that by pushing individu-

these options.

Labrum, SRK Consulting SA MD, says

als into certain careers, you could get

this growth has been mainly in the

the wrong sort of person.

SRK s

complement

employees

women

professional

posts

sciences ‒ such as environmental sci-

Says Labrum: In a profession like

ence, geology, hydrology and related

engineering, you really need the

exceeds

disciplines rather than in civil, mining

right people. If you want the best en-

mining engineers, civil engineers,

or electrical engineering, for instance.

gineers, you must have people who

chemical engineers, rock engineers,

In the consulting ﬁeld, there have

genuinely want to be engineers and

engineering geologists, hydrogeo-

are passionate about it.

logists and environmental scientists.

always been many more women in

in its South African oﬃces now 90

experts,

including

the sciences than in engineering per

This was how SRK earned its repu-

se, says Labrum, but there is also a

tation. Our business is really based

ﬁrm s

deﬁnite increase in the number of

on meritocracy ‒ we want to have

stakeholder consultation and public

women studying engineering. Of

the best people. That s how we ve

participation ‒ an element of mining

course many of the scientists will

been so successful. Whether the best

and other industrial projects that is

work in an engineering environment.

person is male or female is irrelevant.

becoming recognised as a foundation

He emphasises the need for the

Their progression through the com-

to sustainable development.

profession to attract young people

pany is based on their value to the

‒ irrespective of gender ‒ who really

business, he says.

wanted to work as engineers.

SRK’s complement of women employees in professional posts in its South African offices now exceeds 90 experts

Women also play key roles in the fast-growing

discipline

Women in SRK s executive management team include hydrogeologist

The reason that more women are

Diana

Duthe

and

environmental

Just as there should be no barriers

graduating as engineers is that they

scientist Briony Liber ‒ both principal

or discrimination against anyone, I

see this as something they want to

consultants and partners in the ﬁrm.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

INDUSTRY NEWS

Wastewater teeters South Africa is at a 'tipping point' in terms of what is required of municipalities to comply with, what needs to be achieved, and what is appropriate and necessary to ensure an acceptable and reliable level of performance. By Debbie Besseling

Inappropriate technologies The ﬁndings of the report indicate that 44% of the studied wastewater treatment plants may have opted for

ABOVE Aerial view ‒ sequencing batch reactor dual basin TOP RIGHT Drivers for wastewater technology selection TT 543

less suitable (inappropriate) technolo-

HIS IS AN extract from the re-

The report provides a high-level

gies when considering their resource

cently released report by the

assessment on the appropriateness of

base, and capacity to manage and

Water Research Commission

the technological choices in relation

provide eﬄuent-quality requirements.

the

to the current ability of the municipal-

Gaydon says: The report states that

Government

ity to administer such choices. Fifteen

standards should not determine the

Association (SALGA) entitled: Drivers

municipalities from across the country

treated eﬄuent quality, but rather use

for Wastewater Technology Selection ‒ Assessment of the Selection of Wastewater Treatment Technology by Municipalities in Relation to the Management Capability and Legislative Requirements by M van der Merwe-Botha and G Quilling. Over the past decade, much attention has been devoted to the engineering, science and technological aspects of wastewater treatment in South Africa. More recently, attention has been redirected to assess the performance and compliance status of wastewater treatment facilities and to identify the challenges and root causes that underpin poor performance ‒ in particular by municipal institutions.

took part in the study.

the Receiving Water Quality Objects

South

partnership

African

Local

with

Established in 2010, under the recommendation

the

(RWQO) for the river as the point of

WISA

reference. While I agree with this, the

Treatment

problem is that RWQO studies have

Works (SWWTW) division, the Small

not been conducted on the majority

Wastewater

Works

of South Africa s rivers. A full RWQO

Suppliers Association (SEWPACKSA)

takes at least three years to perform,

is an association of like-minded

and a rapid desktop study takes

professionals in the water-treatment

approximately six months to perform

industry aimed at providing a uniﬁed

and costs the municipality around

representative body of suppliers of

R600 000 (2009). Due to the fact that

package plants in South Africa to cre-

most plant upgrades or extensions

ate a sustainable and self-regulated

are already overdue by the time the

industry. Paul Gaydon, Exco member

project actually commences, it forces

of SEWPACKSA who is responsible

the consultants to resort to using the

for legislative matters, comments on

standards rather than the RWQOs.

behalf of SEWPACKSA on the ﬁndings

The question is, does the Department

of the report.

of Water Aﬀairs have the capacity

Small

Wastewater Treatment

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

INDUSTRY NEWS

on the brink to manage RWQOs? SEWPACKSA

which ensures ease of operations

members will generally be forced

and maintenance.

to use the standards approach, and

According to Gaydon: Certain con-

match the technology to these,

sultants may have little experience in

says Gaydon.

wastewater treatment plant design,

In terms of appropriate technologies and

making

sustainable

but are appointed on the basis of the

ABOUT SEWPACKSA The main objectives of the Small Wastewater Treatment Works Suppliers Association (SEWPACKSA) are: • To provide a unified non-governmental representative body of suppliers of package plants in South Africa to create a sustainable and selfregulated industr y • To create a sustainable, self-regulated package plant industr y that can treat wastewater on-site in remote areas, or where authorities do not provide sewer connections, or where additional capacity to the wastewater treatment facilities of various government bodies is required, whilst complying with legislative requirements for discharged water quality • To enable the supply of compliant package plants and management ser vices of such package plants on the basis of best corporate governance practice and a code of ethics as adopted by the association

choices,

lowest tender bid ‒ this is a recipe for

Gaydon discusses how SEWPACKSA

disaster, as they have to sacriﬁce on

as an organisation ensures that their

all aspects of the work to maintain a

members adhere to certain standards.

proﬁtable project. Consultants should

SEWPACKSA members will either

not be allowed to discount more than

train staﬀ to operate and maintain

2% on the Engineering Council of

the plants, or provide this function

South Africa s fees, to ensure a quality

on a contract basis. If suitable staﬀ are

job, and their experience should carry

available from the client to operate

a heavy weighting in appointments.

the plant, then a minimum of a main-

In fairness to consultants, municipal

tenance contract is preferred. Plants

infrastructure frants are often award-

are monitored on a monthly basis and

ed on a budget price in a certain year,

improve their reputation in terms of

improvements made where problems

and may fall short during project

eﬄuent quality, and this includes the

arise. Repairs are conducted on an

implementation,

entire life cycle of the project from in-

urgent basis, and spares for the equip-

certain areas of the plant having to

itial design to ultimate operation. The

ment installed are readily available,

be under-equipped. An example of

private sector is a straight-talking en-

explains Gaydon.

this is under-sized drying beds, which

vironment and should a member be

results in reduced wasting of sludge,

shown to have erred, the matter will

Performance and compliance

and

be resolved as an aspect of priority.

When considering performance and

destroying eﬄuent quality and the

compliance, there are a number

aquatic environment, he says.

results

which

solids

results

carry-over,

SEWPACKSA is an organisation that represents a number of industry sup-

of challenges that underpin poor

pliers. How do suppliers beneﬁt from

performance. According to Gaydon

Impact on the environment

becoming a member of SEWPACKSA?

the main challenges are the lack of

Commenting

legislative

SEWPACKSA members are bound to a

trained personnel and the awareness

requirements for the package plant

speciﬁc code of conduct and have to

of the need to comply. SEWPACKSA

industry and the impact on the

comply with certain guidelines which

provides training, and comprehensive

environment if these standards are

will make sure that a good reputation

plant-speciﬁc operations and mainte-

not complied with, Gaydon says

is maintained. As such clients are

nance manuals to prevent problems.

SEWPACKSA

the

members

generally

ensured of a professional service and

Our clients, being in the private

design plants to comply with the

product which would not apply to

sector, are also acutely aware of the

General Authorisation Limit Values,

non-members. There are also many

need to comply with the standards

due to the fact that our plants dis-

more advantages.

from both a legal and environmental

charge less than 2 Mℓ/d. We are acute-

point of view. All equipment is provid-

ly aware that our plants must achieve

ed with duty and standby units, and

good compliance in order for us to

these are repaired as a matter of ur-

retain a good track record and stay in

gency in order to ensure good quality

business. Most of our staﬀ are also en-

eﬄuent, comments Gaydon.

vironmental enthusiasts and thus the

The overall performance of a plant spans the planning, design and man-

Sewage treatment plant capacity: 5 m3 per day to 25 residents

importance of maintaining excellent eﬄuent quality is paramount to us.

agement of wastewater treatment facilities. SEWPACKSA members are

SEWPACKSA in the industry

intensively involved in the operations

The package plant industry has in

and maintenance of their plants and,

the past had a poor reputation and

as such, design plants that are robust,

SEWPACKSA has made signiﬁcant

reliable, and simple to operate. As

progress since its inception to further

a result of this, more experienced

strengthen this industry. SEWPACKSA

personnel are used to design plants,

has

taken

substantial

strides

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

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INDUSTRY NEWS

Block borehole blunders A borehole is an expensive investment. What you want to avoid is it becoming a time-consuming liability with continual repair or replacement of pumps. Maryke Foulds reports.

responsible for the water quality or quantity. Specialists might need to be consulted for those considering drilling a borehole but are unsure what the geological and hydrogeological conditions are. It is advisable to undertake groundwater assessment before drilling.

Groundwater assessment

ARTH

SCIENCE

groundwater

and

needed for domestic use or crop

The best thing to do is a phased

consultancy

irrigation, then that will not be of

assessment

any use.

ﬁrst, followed by a ﬁeld visit and

Umvoto Water, specialising in environmental resource

‒

desktop

study

ABOVE Private Hermanus borehole 18 months later, postlandscaping Credit: Umvoto Water

INSET Private Hermanus borehole just after drilling Credit: Umvoto Water

borehole sighting.

development, management and sus-

Geology and hydrogeology

tainability oﬀers the following advice

The surrounding geology and sub-

Costs

to avoid problems down the road.

surface hydrogeological conditions

These can escalate when for instance

on the site should be assessed to

drilling through certain rock. The

Deﬁne the scope of the project

ensure that it is not underlain by

driller should provide a bill or sched-

What are the objectives and expect-

poor-yielding and usually poor water

ule of quantities, i.e. cost per unit of

ed beneﬁts? How much water is

quality aquitards and aquicludes

drilling a certain diameter at a cer-

needed and what is available? This

(rock that retards water ﬂow, usu-

tain depth, based on the proposed

will aﬀect the water quality required.

ally forming barriers or seals above

borehole design.

If water is needed for toilet ﬂushing

aquifers). Understanding the risk of

and sanitation, then a low-yielding

drilling a dry hole too is important

Defects liability period

borehole with saline water will be

‒ while the driller should exercise all

This is usually 6 to 12 months after

suﬃcient. If high-quality water is

care and diligence, they cannot be

the completion and handing over

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

INDUSTRY NEWS of each borehole. During this time, the contractor is obliged to correct defects at their own expense.

Community involvement In the case of larger community domestic supplies, or groundwater quality monitoring boreholes, community members should be involved to foster a spirit of ownership and encourage care and maintenance of the borehole. The project manager or supervisor should have several discussions with the community before drilling equipment is moved in. This must include information about the project, the drilling process, expected obligations and contributions of the community. A date should be set for introducing the contractor s representative and the start date agreed to. The handover certiďŹ cate should be signed by the supervisor, the contractor and recipient community representatives.

Site meetings These should be set to review the work progress and check quality. At the meeting, the contractor should submit a progress report and detail any new challenges. Not all issues can be resolved on-site and a consultant may have to be called in.

Borehole completion When drilling is ďŹ nished, ensure that the borehole has a lockable cap in order to protect it from vandalism. In the case of artesian boreholes, you will need a sealed wellhead.

Handover Checks will have to be made to ensure that the driller has met all contract requirements, the installation is functioning properly (if pumping equipment is installed), all the required data has been collected and submitted, and the site has been restored to the pre-existing condition as much as possible.

Pumping tests The same principles described above apply to pumping test contractors. Pumping tests (and subsequent analyses by hydrogeologists) can determine the safe, sustainable yield or rate at which a borehole should be pumped.

Hermanus production borehole drilling

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

INDUSTRY NEWS

New for old

Dynamic measurement KROHNE WATERFLUX meets SANS1529-1:2006 fit for trade metrology – exceeds class D Specifications

Replace all mechanical bulk water meters? Now it’s possible with the WATERFLUX from KROHNE.

WATERFLUX – the new electromagnetic water meter – is bringing technological change to the water industry. It measures precisely and maintenance-free very small and large flow rates – from night-time demands up to fire-fighting operations. Throughout its entire service life of 25 years over several custody transfer periods.

N THE LOCAL and international water scenario, it is often said that knowing what water is available, and its quality, is an essential first step before selecting the correct course for management. In order to facilitate

the knowledge economy s effective engagement with water, industrial process instrumentation firm Krohne has made

Its unique, RILSAN®-lined measuring tube is wear-free and without mobile measuring parts, eliminating the need for maintenance. This reduces follow-up costs for statutory recalibrations – as an overhaul or replacement of the water meter is no longer necessary.

a new electromagnetic converter, IFC 050, available on the South African market. The IFC 050 represents a long-term, reliable converter for basic applications in the water and wastewater industry. Because reliable measurement of water flows is extremely

Both the low initial costs and the significantly reduced operating costs pay off in daily operation. Employ the WATERFLUX instead of mechanical bulk water meters and create financial freedom for new projects – simply exchange new for old.

important, especially in hot, African countries where water is often scarce, the device s key feature is its robustness. The IFC 050 s electronics are protected against condensate with an extra coating, so it can even be used in tropical areas. The housing is protected with dual-layer painting, keeping it safe from corrosive fluids such as saltwater. And of course it is very

KROHNE – Water is our world.

sturdy for outdoor use, thanks to its shock resistance. In addition, different requirements are placed on the unit as

Please see our website for more information ZZZ NURKQH FRP ZDWHUëX[ VHULHV

a result of regional environmental factors, calling for different output signals.

Intelligent design When choosing a device for your metering task, the IFC 050 offers a variety of options. The converter can be delivered as compact or wall-mounted, with a display or as a blind version. The blind version is the perfect option in any situation where display readings are not required and the menu is permanently set.

ABOVE Krohne’s new IFC 050 electromagnetic converter, with display NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

KROHNE South Africa 8 Bushbuck Close Corporate Park South Randtjiespark, Midrand Tel.: +27 113141391 Fax: +27 113141681 Cell: +27 825563934 John Alexander j.alexander@krohne.com www.za.krohne.com

SANITATION

Solar-powered waterless The recent pilot project by African Sanitation saw the deployment of dehydration single use toilet systems, designed for household applications of four to six people. Maryke Foulds looks at what the system entails.

PROJECT

designed both

the

was

evaluate

operational

functionality

and

ap-

propriateness of waterless sanitation technology and end user

The project features the deployment of solar-powered technologies to further promote safety

response. It further made use of

• The urine

The African Sanitation installation team

deployment collection

specialised

tanks

for

security

and

• Sani-Spaza shop is a business opportunity owned and operated by the target community and which opportunity aims acumen with the aim of man-

• The deployment of specialised in-

aging the business for ﬁnancial

dustrial solar-powered composting

gain and for the beneﬁt of

the

units for the further beneﬁciation

collection of urine for further use

for the growth of food plants as

Pilot

as liquid fertiliser for the bene-

part of the CRD programme.

being

ﬁciation of soil, to promote the

safety,

communications.

to introduce general business

the appropriate supporting green technologies. These include:

promote

• The deployment of solar-powered

the community. programmes introduced

are

currently

based

the following:

growth of food plants as part of the

technologies

mo-

• Phase 1 will see the Beneﬁciary

CRP programme.

bile phone chargers) to further

Veriﬁcation Demographic Analysis

(lights

and

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

SANITATION

dehydration toilets and

Build

Environment

Site

cleaning and monitoring of toilets

the

Assessment ‒ an assessment survey

and associated technologies for a

the use of compost and urine to

designed to collect and collate in-

period of at least one year will take

beneﬁciate soil for the growth of

formation relation to geographical

place. The weekly issuing of toilet

conditions and local challenges

paper to individual households to

• The ASA CLTS Phase 3 ensures

combined with an understanding

ensure optimal operational func-

that toilets remain in a working

of the end-user composition ie

tionality and to further promote

condition at all times thus fur-

cultural and religious practises,

high levels of health, hygiene and

ther

social

most importantly, dignity.

user satisfaction.

environment,

income

and education.

Important facts to consider:

target

community

through

vegetables etc.

promoting

high

levels

• The ASA CLTS Job creation pro-

• Phase 2 will encompass education

• The ASA CLTS promotes ownership

gramme further serves to assist

and training of local labour in all

through a 1:1 application, that is:

both local and national government

aspects of ASA CLTS. This aﬀords

one household = one toilet. This

to achieve the targets of the nation-

the appointment of both men and

not only promotes ownership and

al employment programme.

women to achieve employment

good custodianship but also

equity; the National Rural Youth

mitigates the risk associated

Services Corps seeks to further use

with the theft of value items.

local labour through existing gov-

• The creation of sustainable

ernment employment initiatives;

jobs

the execution of the approved

programme

Project Execution Plan, including

the stimulation of the local

but not limited to the Scope of

economy as members of

Work and Terms of Reference;

the population are now em-

the handover of the pilot pro-

ployed. So the sense of own-

gramme to the community for the use of technologies, evaluation and outcome.

ensures

BELOW Waterless sanitation units require good installation and a vent to be effective

both

pilot

success

and

ership and dignity prevails. • The

programme

promote

the

aims

introduction

• Phase 3 is where the daily condition

of agrarian practises, serv-

reporting, maintenance, servicing,

ing the dietary needs of

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

SANITATION

A strong foundation for infrastructure success

Concrete toilets Against a backlog requirement of 180 000 toilets, the Amathole District Municipality issued a tender for concrete panel toilets to be manufactured and installed in Amathole, a poor, rural part of the Eastern Cape. OCLA SANITATION won the ďŹ rst phase of the ten-

der and has currently delivered 17 500 of the 25 000 toilets to site. With an average concrete panel weighing 102.5 kg, and a complete toilet weight of 705 kg,

this entire project will have approximately 17 875 tonnes of concrete-panelled toilets available for residents, making it the largest single project Rocla Sanitation has been involved in.

Rainwater Harvesting Solutions

Simon Wells, business manager: Sanitation at Rocla, says, The project started in March 2011, and in order to oďŹ&#x20AC;er some local opportunities for employment â&#x20AC;&#x2019; 70% of the 200 people employed locally are women â&#x20AC;&#x2019; we opened a dedicated factory in Butterworth and utilised local resources. This factory will remain operational until the project is completed next year. We have also provided on-site training. Amathole is quite a mountainous area, making deliveries in bakkies treacherous. As a result, we have made use of donkeys to carry the concrete panels to site. The panels, which are light and easy to handle, have been manufactured from a newly patented concrete technology, with all components having hand grips, enabling top structures to be erected in

The ROCLA ecoRainÂŽ product range is a complete rainwater utilization system designed to capture clean rainwater and store it underground for further use. The source and quality of any captured water cannot be assured, therefore ROCLAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ecoRainÂŽ system design is to deliver stored rainwater for non-potable applications.

15 minutes. The community, we believe, are happy with the aesthetics of the toilet structures. A second tender is currently in the adjudication phase, and we are extremely optimistic in securing it, says Wells. The Rocla Sanitation concrete toilets can also be relocated by households and is deemed the most suited for the Expanded Public Works Programme. The reality of the concrete panel

ROCLA is Southern Africaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s leading manufacturer of pre-cast concrete products for infrastructure, including pipes, culverts, manholes, roadside furniture, retaining walls, stock troughs, poles and other related products.

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Municipal Infrastructure Grant Programme. Rocla is a subsidiary of ISG, a leading supplier of innovative infrastructure products to the construction and mining markets in Southern Africa.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

PROVINCIAL FOCUS

Hertzogville Bulk Water Project Tokologo Local Municipality has recently cut the ribbon of the first phase of a major water supply project that will see 20 million ℓ/day of potable water supplied to its residents. By Nicola Theunissen HE

HERTZOGVILLE

Bulk

boreholes, owned and operated by

through the construction of a bulk

Water Project is a good ex-

the Tokologo Local Municipality.

water project. The Department of

ample where three spheres

Over the years, the town has been

Local Government co-founded the

came

experiencing shortages caused by

project with R50 million, but total

together to pull oﬀ a multi-million

inadequate delivery from under-

project costs amounted to nearly

water supply project.

ground aquifers. In view of this, the

R400 million.

government

A few years ago, the Tokologo

municipality developed plans to sup-

Local Municipality ‒ situated in

plement the water supply with water

Department of Water Aﬀairs and the

Lejweleputswa District Municipality

from the Vaal River, with abstraction

Department of Local Government

in the Free State ‒ was experien-

at Christiana.

decided to divide the project into

cing

major

water

municipality

with

the

In March 2008, the Department of

the towns of Boshoﬀ, Hertzogville

Water Aﬀairs, and the then-Depart-

Hertzogville

and

Hertzogville

ment of Local Government initiated

and the second, the Dealesville and

town area gets its water directly from

support for Tokologo municipality

Boshoﬀ Scheme. ▶

Dealesville.

challenges

The

two phases: the ﬁrst being the

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

Bulk

Water

Scheme

Former DWA Deputy Minister Rejoice Mabudafhasi cutting the ribbon to open Hertzogville plant

PROVINCIAL FOCUS with

plant, feeding water into a bulk reser-

Water Aﬀairs, WRP de-

cooperation

voir that is located at Hertzogville,

veloped a Reconciliation

to supply the primary and sec-

Strategy for Hertzogville

ondary bulk distribution networks

Town

at Hertzogville.

Area

consisting

Hertzogville

Malebogo

settlements

Hertzogville s water system com-

the

prised two ground level balancing

Lower Vaal. The study

reservoirs with a combined capacity

assessed the measures

of 2.5 million litres, servicing a popu-

necessary to ensure that

lation of 9 409. Based on the average

the current and future

annual daily demand of 1.67 million ℓ/

water requirements of

day, the area had 0.79 days storage.

Hertzogville can be sup-

The reticulation system is not zoned

plied from the available

and water is metered into and out of

water resources.

the water treatment works.

Tokologo

Municipality

The bulk water scheme

Prior to the project s implement-

was highlighted as an

ation, Hertzogville was serviced by

Six years later, Tokologo municipal-

important component of the town s

one water treatment works with a

ity held a ribbon cutting ceremony to

water conservation and water de-

capacity of 1.5 million ℓ/day. The

celebrate the completion of the ﬁrst

mand management options.

town s treatment plant is a conven-

phase of the project.

tional water supply treatment system

Project rationale of Phase 1

comprising of abstraction, a chemical

Water analysis study commissioned

The ﬁrst phase of the project was

dosing and ﬂocculation unit, sedi-

completed at a cost of R163 million.

mentation, ﬁltration and disinfection.

The bulk water project, which has

The purpose of the project was

been in planning since 2008, ties

to supply 20 million litres/day of

new

in with an overall assessment of

potable water to a population of

including the abstraction works near

Tokologo municipality s water source

approximately

Christiana and a pump station and

availability

Hertzogville

approximately

raw water storage dam, along the

and

infrastructure

meet water demand. According to

9 (with

500

people

2 236 households).

The new project comprises several infrastructure

components,

Vaal River.

Manie Marais, an engineer for WRP

The increase in potable water

It further exists of a raw water

Consulting Engineers, the company

allowed for an increase from an av-

pipeline, 300 mm in diameter and

conducted a larger water source ana-

erage annual daily demand of 2 209

42 km long, running in parallel with

lysis of smaller municipalities in the

(with a peak daily demand of 3 534)

the R708 provincial road. Finally, it

Free State regions, commissioned by

to a daily demand of 5 072 ‒ thus a

comprises a water treatment plant

the Department of Water Aﬀairs.

2 863 increase.

with a capacity of 3 million ℓ/day

Many smaller municipalities lack

The targeted categories of con-

(thus an increase of the 1.5 million ℓ/

the capacity to conduct a thorough

sumers to be supplied with potable

day), a raw water storage dam at the

analysis of their available water

water are mainly domestic users

water treatment works, a clear water

sources. Although bulk suppliers such

in the Hertzogville, Malebogo and

storage reservoir, raw water pump

as Rand Water conduct an annual

neighbouring farm areas.

stations at Christiana and clear water

water analysis review, smaller towns,

The consortium group that ran

not falling under the main system,

the project adopted a methodology

have fewer data available on their

where they reviewed various water

Ribbon-cutting celebration

various water sources and usage,

supply proposals from professional

The project launch coincided with

says Marais.

service providers during the plan-

20 years of democracy in South

ning stage of the project, including

Africa, as well as Water month.

existing

proposals from Sedibeng Water and

Deputy

water

Aurecon, who has been working in

Environmental

the area.

Mabudafhasi unveiled the plague

The purpose of these studies is to

assess

sources;

municipalities

good

ground

aquifers exist, for instance, they do

pump stations in Hertzogville.

Minister

Water

Aﬀairs

and

Rejoice

and cut the ribbon at the treatment

not have to rely on surface water.

Thereafter the group proposed

Often there isn t even a need to

a bulk water supply scheme that

identify new water sources, but rather

complied with the guidelines and

The municipality is very proud of

just applying more eﬀective water

principles used by the Department

the ﬁnalisation of the ﬁrst phase of

demand

of Water Aﬀairs and the Municipal

the project, recognising that it will

Infrastructure Grant.

play a signiﬁcant role to the sustain-

management.

Essentially,

the studies aimed to support municipalities to make better decisions about

their

he continues.

Project s technical scope

Local

Following the official plant opening Mabudafhasi was taken on a tour of the new facility

and

water

use

options,

plant in Hertzogville.

The project took into account the

ability of potable water to the town

need for a strong, reliable water

and the region, says Lakes Chakane,

source that is treated in a centralised

technical manager of the project.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

PROVINCIAL FOCUS

Pilansberg bulks up Magalies Water provides bulk potable water for industrial and domestic use from its Vaalkop Water Treatment Works to the local municipal areas of Rustenburg, Moses Kotane and Thabazimbi, and a number of large platinum and other mines in the Boshoek, Rustenburg, Thabazimbi and Northam areas. By Richard Jansen van Vuuren

NCREASED WATER demands

hotspots and the urgent need in

Department of Water Aﬀairs

for

consumption

these areas will be alleviated by

The Department of Water Aﬀairs is

and mining operations in the

an increased bulk water supply

the sponsor of the project, through

Magalies Water supply area

of 70 Mℓ/d to be delivered. The

the

within the Bojanala Platinum District

needs in the Thabazimbi and

Grant programme. To date, govern-

Municipality (Moses Kotane and

Northam areas will be alleviated

ment has committed grant funding

Rustenburg municipalities) and the

by an increased bulk water supply

in excess of R770 million to the

Waterberg

District

of 13 Mℓ/d to be delivered by the

project. This amount, together with

speciﬁcally

Thabazimbi,

Pilanesberg North scheme.

the

domestic

Municipality, resulted

Regional

Bulk

contribution

Infrastructure

from

Magalies

The rising main pipeline to La Patrie

in the need for major bulk water supply

augmentation

the

Pilanesberg area. The main beneﬁciaries of the project are: • for domestic consumption: Moses Kotane Local Municipality, Rustenburg Local Municipality, including the Royal Bafokeng Administration, and Thabazimbi Local Municipality • for industrial consumption: Bakubung Minerals (Wesizwe), Maseve and Platmin.

Domestic consumption Hotspots area

include

the

Moses

Kotane

Seolong,

Ratau,

Letlhakeng, Makweleng, Witrandjie, Bapong,

Phalane,

Legkraal,

Buhule,

Witrandjie, Sandfontein,

Welgeval, Dikwepi, Segakwaneng, Lerome,

Mabodisa,

Mannamakgoteng,

Ramoga, Lesetlheng,

Moruleng and Mankwe. The urgent need in these areas will be alleviated by an increased bulk water supply of 8.8 Mℓ/d to be delivered by the Pilanesberg North scheme and 5 Mℓ/d to be delivered by the Pilanesberg South scheme. The whole of the Rustenburg and Royal Bafokeng areas are seen as

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

PROVINCIAL FOCUS

A view of the water treatment works, pump station and clean water reservoir

ﬁrst

of R350 million. The contractor has

guaranteed ﬁnancial resources for

planned 30 Mℓ/d module of the

commenced and the project will be

the project but, more so, ensured

new Plant 4 of the Vaalkop Water

completed by middle 2015.

that the implementation of the

Treatment Works has commenced

The two new 26 Mℓ reservoirs

project is expedited for the beneﬁt

at a cost of R125 million and will be

at Mafenya tenders are awaiting

of aﬀected communities.

completed by early 2015.

to be awarded and, at a cost of

Water and the mines, has not only

construction

the

R70 million, should be completed by

Infrastructure components of the

The next three 30 Mℓ/d modules

scheme currently under construc-

of the new Plant 4 of the Vaalkop

tion (to be funded by Magalies

Water Treatment Works are in the

The 9 km of 600 mm diameter

Water

Treasury

detailed design phase and, at an es-

gravity main from Mafenya to the

through the Department of Water

timated cost of R390 million, should

mines and the Ledig area in Moses

Aﬀairs):

be completed by 2017.

Kotane near Sun City tender has

and

National

early 2016.

The 21 km of 950 mm diameter

been awarded at a cost of R36 mil-

Pilanesberg North scheme

rising main from Vaalkop Water

lion. The contractor has commenced

upgrade

Treatment Works to La Patrie ten-

and the project will be completed

from Eskom has been initiated

der has been awarded at a cost of

by early 2015.

and will incur an estimated cost of

R186 million. The contractor has

R125 million, to be completed by

commenced and the project will be

Phase 2 of the scheme

middle 2015.

completed by early 2015.

bulk

power

supply

bulk

water

pipeline

from

The high-lift pump station tender

The 950 mm 22km gravity main

Tuschenkomst to Ruighoek to re-

has been awarded, at a cost of

from La Patrie to Padda tender has

lieve the water supply constraints in

R103 million. The contractor has

been awarded at a cost of R157 mil-

Mabeskraal and surrounding villages

commenced and the project will be

lion. The contractor has commenced

in the Moses Kotane local municipal-

completed by middle 2015.

and the project will be completed

ity area is planned.

VAALKOP WTW UPGRADE Project manager organisation: • Ossie Rossouw Management Ser vices • Lead design consultants & professional engineers • S&W Limpopo (scope: water treatment works to the Padda) • Thuthuka Group (scope: the Padda to the terminal reser voir) • CSVwater Consulting Engineers (scope: water treatment works) • DJJ Conradie (scope: mechanical, electrical and instrumentation)

The

by early 2015. The new 20 Mℓ reservoir at La

bulk

water

pipeline

from

Mafenya to Phokeng and Thlabane

Patrie tender has been awarded at

a cost of R39 million. The contractor

water supply constraints in the

Rustenburg

relieve

the

has commenced and the project will

Royal Bafokeng and surrounding

be completed by early 2015.

Rustenburg villages is to be laid.

Pilanesberg South scheme

pipeline

The 43 km of 1 000 mm diameter ris-

Thabazimbi to augment bulk water

ing main from Evergreen to Mafenya

supply

tender has been awarded at a cost

is intended.

An upgrade of the bulk water

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

from to

the

Amandelbult Thabazimbi

to area

PROVINCIAL FOCUS An aerial view of the reservoir being constructed at La Patrie

Upgrades of the bulk water supply

system

towards

Northam to augment bulk water supply to this area will be undertaken.

Future Phase 3 of the scheme

Vallkop WTW... is currently commissioning the first 30 Mℓ/d module, with the second 30 Mℓ/d module expected to be completed August 2015

flocculation unit, a new 30 Mℓ/d horizontal sedimentation tank and 2 x 15 Mℓ/d dissolved air flotation/sand filters, while a 15 Mℓ reservoir will also be constructed. The work to Vaalkop Plant 4

Magalies Water is currently inves-

water from the Vaalkop Dam. The

(Phase 2) will include for the same

tigating the feasibility and scope

treatment modules are sequentially

unit processes as that of Vaalkop

of the regional bulk water supply

numbered from Plant 1 to Plant

Plant 3 (Phase 1), explains Kruger.

infrastructure required to extend the

4, and treat raw water received to

scheme to Koster, Swartruggens and

potable standards as required by

will be the installation of a new

other villages in the Kgetleng River

SANS 241, states Dr Michele Kruger,

1 500 mm raw water rising main.

Local Municipality to relieve bulk

associate

supply constraints.

Consulting Engineers. The treatment facility included

works situated in a new chemical

Current status

for a counter-current dissolved air

storage building. Design work is cur-

CSVwater is responsible for the

ﬂotation/ﬁlter unit process.

rently ongoing to combine all the

design of the civil and mechanical

existing

The rising main will deliver raw water to the newly constructed inlet

inlet works into one. Provision will

employing this technology, it was

also be made for the current ozone

Vaalkop WTW where it is currently

a requirement that the contractor

at Vaalkop Plant 1 to be extended as

commissioning the ﬁrst 30 Mℓ/d

apply similar design parameters

pre-ozone to the new inlet works,

module, with the second 30 Mℓ/d

for the extension. The contract

continues Kruger. Indications at this

module expected to be completed

therefore comprises the construc-

stage are that additional 20 kg/h

August 2015.

tion of the last 30 Mℓ/d module of

ozone will be required. Standby op-

potable

Vaalkop Plant 3 (Phase 1) and the

tions are also being considered. The

water treatment facility, as operated

ﬁrst 30 Mℓ/d module of the new

gravity pipeline connecting the sand

and maintained by Magalies Water,

Vaalkop Plant 4 (Phase 2). The work

ﬁlters of Vaalkop Plant 4 (Phase 2)

comprises a number of unit pro-

for Vaalkop Plant 3 (Phase 1) consists

and the on-site reservoir storage will

cesses able to receive and treat raw

of the construction of a new 30 Mℓ/d

be installed under this contract.

Vaalkop

the

CSVwater

activities

works of the 60 Mℓ/d upgrade of the

existing

construction

process

The

Due

director

Further

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

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Vital Connections

WATER ME TERING

Proud commitment to social responsibility Having providing innovative and quality metering solutions throughout Africa for more than a century is key to the success of Elster Kent Metering.

ENT WATER meters have

In August 2010, Elster announced

had a presence in South

that the company had sold a 25.1%

Africa dating back more

stake in Elster Kent Metering to a

than a century to the early

BEE-compliant investment company

1900s, under the auspices of the parent company Elster Metering. Through

succession

held by The Love Trust. Shamley

says:

Elster

Kent

name

Metering is proud to be associ-

changes the organisation has re-

ated with The Love Trust which

mained a leader in its ﬁeld, from 1945

serves and cares for vulnerable

when the company George Kent was

children and their communities.

incorporated in South Africa.

The non-proﬁt organisation, estab-

In July 1968 the company was

lished in early 2009, is dedicated to

registered under the name South

fostering an inclusive community,

African Meter Holdings and a man-

supporting holistic development of

ufacturing facility was established

children and their communities.

in Industria, Johannesburg. Today at the South African facility Elster

About The Love Trust

Kent Metering employs more than

The Love Trust has grown from

100 people at its factory in Industria,

various projects some of which

with more than 41% of its workforce

dating as far back as 1993. One of

being women.

these includes the Lily of the Valley and

initiative, established in the prov-

distributes a range of products

ince of KwaZulu-Natal to serve the

including water metering solutions,

young aﬀected and infected by HIV

pre-payment solutions and provides

and Aids.

The

company

assembles

automatic

The Love Trust supports at least

metering infrastructure. Elster Kent

one education institution. These

Metering serves customers in Africa

learning facilities provide quality,

with world-class metering solutions

independent

and advanced technologies to help

learners ranging from Grade 000

them improve customer service,

through to Grade 12.

turnkey

solutions

for

enhance operational eﬃciency and optimise revenues.

With

the

education

combined

650

expertise

of these two endeavours, which include community outreach with

BEE shareholding

quality, independent education, The

According to Mark Shamley, manag-

Love Trust was established to create

ing director of Elster Kent Metering, the company s BEE shareholding conﬁrms the South African organisation s commitment to serving Africa with world-class metering solutions and advanced technologies.

TOP RIGHT Benificiaries of The Love Trust ABOVE RIGHT AND RIGHT The trust creates a model for development, focusing on vulnerable children NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

WATER ME TERING established strong ties with the local

and manage water accurately and

communities of Tembisa. Nokuphila

eďŹ&#x192;ciently,

School is also strongly committed to

is committed to addressing the

employing teachers from the local

unique challenges that the water

Tembisa community. At the same

industry faces. The

time, Nokuphila School is providing

unique

Kent

Metering

conditions

experi-

world-class education. Shamley says:

enced in South Africa have encour-

The contributions made by Elster

aged the development of many

Kent Metering have to date, signif-

special products to speciďŹ cally meet

icantly assisted The Love Trust in

local needs, comments Shamley. In line with its procurement policy,

developing self-sustainable projects

Elster Kent contributes significantly to the trust

Elster

around the country that have in-

Elster

cluded the development of Teacher

goods and services from a multitude

a model for development, focusing

Training

the

of South African companies, thus

on vulnerable children and the pro-

quality of teaching at an ECD level.

contributing to the employment

vision of education.

As a South African company we are

of thousands of South Africans

One of the more recent projects is

proud to be associated with The

and where possible make use of

Nokuphila School, based in Tembisa,

Love Trust and the signiďŹ cant work

BEE companies.

which opened its doors in January

done by the organisation in provid-

This commitment to South Africa

2010 to 45 preschool children from

ing opportunities to young South

and the sub-Saharan territory en-

the area. Children were admitted

Africans â&#x20AC;&#x2019; the future of our country.

sures that our products are designed

Centres

uplift

to the school based on their vul-

Kent

Metering

purchases

in South Africa, for South African

nerability and parents are required

Committed to local procurement

and sub-Saharan conditions and

to do a means test to assess their

With a 130-year legacy of pio-

are manufactured in our country

income

level.

Nokuphila

School

caters for the poor. The school has

neering systems and technologies

using

concludes Shamley.

distribute,

measure,

monitor

locally

employed

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

ED BY ENDORS he , Th T good the .ws Ĺ˝ĹśĆ?ĆľĹľÄ&#x17E;Ć&#x152; bad www.miningne Ć&#x2030;Ć&#x152;Ĺ˝Ä&#x161;ĆľÄ?Ä&#x17E;Ć&#x152; Ć&#x161;Ĺ˝ Ä? Ć?Ĺ˝ĹŻĆľĆ&#x;Ĺ˝ĹśĆ? Ä¨Ć&#x152;Ĺ˝Ĺľ and Ć?ĆľĆ&#x2030;Ć&#x2030;ĹŻÇ&#x2021; Ä?Ĺ&#x161;Ä&#x201A;Ĺ?Ĺś /ĹśĆ&#x161;Ć&#x152;Ä&#x201A;Ć&#x152;Ä&#x17E;Ĺ?Ĺ?Ĺ˝ĹśÄ&#x201A;ĹŻ What ly. the ug en t be has weirdes your est? /RJLVWLFVidor requ Maputo Corr /RJLVWLFV KDLQ re 6XSSSSSO\ & 6 6X Secu gr Change FOHVV KLFOH TO fo 9HKL Managin M Ma HOW sorship ent &RPPHUFLDO ess ness spon next ev Driver Well HE HE THE N TTH TES ON UPDATES AFRIC AN UPDAT your THE

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Wa te

Pro om mo m oti ot tin ng g in integ UND AND UNDERGRO R GROUND G

uth

frica

labour,

OPINION

Independent regulation improves delivery It is time to reopen the debate in the water sector on the somewhat controversial topic of an independent regulator for water services. By Helgard Muller, specialist consultant: water

have shown that they deﬁnitely do not act in the public interest and neither stimulate economic growth nor ensure services to the poor and vulnerable. In 2005, a conference was held in Johannesburg, driven by the topic:

policy, regulation and institutions

Poverty reduction through improved regulation.' One of the conclusions drawn from that conference was

N MY OPINION, this is essential

(quoting from the formal record of

to properly protect the consumer

into the ground and poor people are

proceedings):

and to support social develop-

frequently at the receiving end of

that regulation is unnecessary or

often guilty of running infrastructure

ment and economic growth. Let

pathetic service delivery. Does this

undesirable where water services are

us ﬁrst sort out the basic question

sound familiar? If the main purpose

provided by public institutions. On

of why we should regulate water

of a regulator is to act in the public

the contrary, regulation can play an

services at all and then discuss the in-

interest and ensure that the consum-

important role in ensuring eﬀective

dependence of such a water services

er, both the poor for social devel-

and eﬃcient delivery of water ser-

regulator (WSR).

opment and business for economic

vices by public institutions. There is

Some water experts like to argue

growth, can enjoy good services

therefore, indeed, a strong case for

that water service regulation is only

and safe water, then one can never

eﬀective pro-poor regulation so as

needed when the private sector is

assume that a public water service

to ensure that public service provid-

involved. These proponents usually

provider will automatically perform

ers such as municipalities do their

claim that the public and especially

to expectations just because a public

rightful job.

the poor must be protected against

entity is supposed to be serving the

Let us then move on to the funda-

the bad forces of the private sector .

public and therefore inherently good

mental matters of how independent

There is indeed good motivation to

and eﬃcient. On the contrary, some

a regulator should be and whether

do so as private sector water provid-

of the South African municipalities

it is possible for a regulator to be

This does not mean

ers can be so profit driven that water tariffs may be exorbitant, assets and water infrastructure are exploited and run-down and that the poor are ignored in favour of wealthy customers. These experts will also often use England and Wales as the example where total privatisation has necessitated a very sophisticated regulatory regime and well-developed institutions for regulation. The counter argument, however, and I personally share this second view, is that public entities can also be guilty of all of the above-mentioned ills. Public water service providers can be driven by popular local politics to stick to unrealistic tariffs and then collect so little of what is due, resulting in insufficient funds for proper maintenance, not even to mention capital expansions. Public entities are

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

OPINION “Public entities are often guilty of running infrastructure into the ground.”

be to the detriment of the same pub-

for a regulator to be totally independ-

lic interest.

ent and unbiased? The ideal in this

A very practical example is the

instance is for the state to ensure that

following: All South African munic-

the WSR is aligned with government s

ipalities are mandated to ensure

broad policy objectives. In an ideal

that drinking water complies with

world, these policy objectives are

Helgard Muller, specialist

the National Compulsory Standards

also in the public interest. Such a

consultant: water policy,

as gazetted in terms of Section 9 of

WSR must be allowed to function at

the Water Services Act. These regu-

separately from government.

regulation and institutions

lations also state that drinking water

Often, however, politicians take total

must comply with SANS 241 as the

control and argue that public entities

totally unbiased. There is an argument

national drinking water standard for

such as regulators should simply do

often used by some experts that the

South Africa.

as they have been told. While it is im-

role of a WSR is to ensure that gov-

If a municipality does not comply

portant for water institutions such as

ernment policies are executed and,

with these set standards, it is essential

regulators to align with broader gov-

therefore, the regulator should not

that a WSR act immediately to ensure

ernment objectives, it is not healthy

be independent but rather another

that the public is warned and correc-

if there is political interference in the

functioning unit in a government de-

tive steps are taken. In such cases,

day-to-day operations of regulators.

partment ‒ this is the current situation

if the WSR part of a government de-

This could ruin the credibility and ob-

in South Africa.

partment and political interests take

jectivity of regulators ‒ essential core

If the main purpose of a regulator

preference over the public interest,

elements of successful regulation.

is to act in the public interest and

the regulator may be told to go soft

I sincerely hope that the new

ensure that the consumer ‒ both the

on the mayor and his oﬃcials, and

Minister for Water and Sanitation will,

poor and the business sector ‒ enjoy

rather support and not regulate. We

as part of her drive to improve service

good services and safe water, then

then have a situation where political

delivery at municipalities, reopen this

the WSR should never be inﬂuenced

priorities become more important

debate with the relevant players in

by local political priorities that could

than serious health risks. Is it possible

the water sector.

Reduce leakage and save money Y USING Sensus smart wa-

tell you where they are, but can

incident above is typical of the sav-

ter networks, the borough

you aﬀord to wait?

asks borough

ings experienced by water utilities

of Monaca, Pennsylvania,

manager Mario Leone Jr. With the

that have upgraded their water

USA, has saved millions

Sensus smart water network, we are

reticulation networks through smart

of litres of water for future genera-

able to detect water leaks before they

metering. Most water leaks reveal

tions, reinforcing its commitment

become costly to our community and

themselves eventually; but not always

to sustainability.

the environment.

‒ it depends on where the leaks are

Monaca has made key improve-

Days

after

deploying

Sensus

in the system. Our FlexNet commu-

ments to its water system by incorpo-

technologies, the borough discov-

nication network, one of the most

rating the FlexNet communications

ered that the local water spring, a

advanced and accurate in the world,

network, coupled with Permalog leak

community landmark, was actually

substantially reduces the delay in

detection. Monaca expects to save

spilling

water leak identiﬁcation. This is crucial

more $2.6 million by 2026 through

more than 200 000 gallons of water

to South and Southern Africa where

leak detection and increased eﬃcien-

per day. This leak dates back more

ageing infrastructure is badly corrod-

cies. With a leak-prone, ageing water

than 20 years, says Leone. Without

ed and prone to leakage. The cost

distribution system, Monaca sought

Sensus technology, it would have

eﬃciencies that this system oﬀers to

an upgrade that would increase

remained undetected.

local authorities, coupled with greater

long-standing

rupture,

productivity, improve billing accuracy

Klaus Gruebl, MD of Sensus SA,

and save money. Leaks eventually

comments that, as suggested, The

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

water eﬃciencies, should seriously be considered as the way forward.

DAMS & RESER VOIRS

Beyond engineering at Spring Grove

The multi-award-winning Spring Grove Dam is not only a considerable technical achievement but also a testament to how important the social and environmental side of project implementation is.

HILE THE SUCCESS of the construction of Spring Grove Dam has been celebrated, and while it is part of Phase 2 of the Mooi Mgeni Transfer Scheme, which will augment water

supplies by 60 million m3 per year to about ďŹ ve million domestic and industrial users in Durban and Pietermaritzburg, there were some major non-engineering factors that made this project unique. Throughout the design and construction phases, it was up to the project teams to work closely with the client, the Trans-Caledon Tunnel Authority (TCTA), to ensure that all eďŹ&#x20AC;orts were made to minimise the impacts on the social and natural environment.

Land with a plan Sited in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands, near the small town of Rosetta, land acquisition for the dam was a sensitive issue, particularly since arable land, homesteads and ecologically valuable natural habitats would be inundated with water. The team adopted a phased approach to acquire the portions of properties that would be inundated, giving priority to

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

SUSTAINING FIVE MILLION PEOPLE

Delivered through a strong partnership, the award-winning Spring Grove Dam supplies fresh water to millions of users. Excellence in Engineering. www.aecom.com

DAMS & RESER VOIRS properties with dwellings that lay

because the aﬀected properties were

below the purchase line and in the

all privately owned.

construction

Throughout

While the relocation of people

this process, the team was careful to

domain.

was a major part of the project, the

ensure that landowners were prop-

project team also had to ensure that

erly communicated with and that the

historical and archaeological sites,

process was fair and clear.

and natural fauna and ﬂora were

As some landowners would have

ABOUT SPRING GROVE • Owner and planner: Depar tment of Water Affairs • Implementation agent: Trans-Caledon Tunnel Authority • Designer and construction monitoring: AECOM • Contractor: Group Five,Pandevjoint venture

construction of a ﬁsh barrier struc-

handled with care.

ture upstream of the Spring Grove

to reduce their agricultural operations following the expropriation of

Heritage

reservoir to mimic the function of

portions of their land, employment

The presence of Bushman inhab-

the Inchbrakie Falls, which served

opportunities would change and

itants was also evident in the dam

as a natural a barrier between small-

measures had to be devised to

basin. Three rock paintings just

mouth bass populations downstream

compensate and relocate those who

below Inchbrakie Falls, known as

of the falls and trout upstream. At full

would be aﬀected. So, a relocation

the Vaalekop Rock Art Site, would

supply, the Inchbrakie Falls would

action plan (RAP) was developed

be inundated. Therefore, the artwork

be inundated.

under the proviso that the relocation

had to be carefully removed by a

In March 2013, impoundment of

process needed to be completed

team of archaeological experts and

Spring Grove Dam started and the

before impoundment of the dam.

was taken to the Natal Museum for

Taking-Over Certiﬁcate was issued on

Because the circumstances, history

preservation. In addition, 157 graves

25 October of the same year, marking

and relationship to the land of the

were aﬀected and investigated for

the end of construction.

people aﬀected by land acquisition

exhumation at the identiﬁed loca-

The dam was oﬃcially opened

diﬀered so greatly, the RAP could

tions; 109 graves were found with

by President Jacob Zuma on 19

not apply standard principles and

remains or evidence of existence of

November 2013, who said:

procedures. The international stand-

a grave and 42 sites were excavated

Africans

ards and procedures for relocation

where no remains were found.

the country is one of the driest on

should

remember

South that

earth. Not a drop must be wasted,

and compensation in such cases also did not apply because there was no

Environment

not a drop must be polluted, and all

homogenous community in the area

An environmental aspect of the

infrastructure developed must be

(only individuals and families) and

project that was unique was the

cared for.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

BELOW AND OPENING IMAGE With good rain in the last summer month, Spring Grove Dam’s reservoir’s level increased from 10% in November 2013 to 85% in April 2014, before the onset of the winter season

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RAINWATER HAR VESTING

Water tanks store more ﬁts of rainwater tanks, they

Rainwater harvesting makes financial and environmental sense

loads.

also reduce stormwater

Credit: JoJo Tanks

The value of rainwater tanks

runoﬀ volumes, thereby

should not be underestimated,

reducing pollutant loads

considering the value they add in

terms of water conservation and

Because rainwater is cap-

cost savings.

tured and not just allowed

N ESTABLISHED urban are-

When considering the

as, rainwater tanks can con-

signiﬁcance of the longer-

tribute to water conservation,

term environmental bene-

reduced stormwater runoﬀ,

I and

reduced

pollutant

receiving

waters.

Rainwater tanks also make a

to run oﬀ properties with-

huge contribution to the man-

out being properly used,

agement of the urban water cycle.

the

associated

beneﬁt

They are designed to capture and

This water can then be used to

needs to lead landowners to seriously

hold rainwater, and the amount of

water the garden and for household

consider rainwater harvesting. Also,

water that can be stored is as much as

chores including laundry, car washing

an investment in a properly integrat-

the size and number of tanks available

and topping up pools and ﬁshponds.

ed JoJo Tanks rainwater harvesting

and can run to thousands of litres

Using rainwater cuts expensive mu-

system makes those who implement

(1 mm of rain on 1 m2 of roof area

nicipal water bills for corporate oﬃce

such systems stewards of water ‒ not

produces 1ℓ of water).

parks and residential properties alike.

just consumers.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

MINE WATER

Continuous filtration systems now in Africa Applying continuous ion filtration (CIF) in the mining industry will bring significant benefits and Multotec is poised to do this following its recent announcement that the company will be launching water processing solutions in Africa, in partnership with Australian company CleanTeQ.

ABOVE A CleanTeQoperated CIF plant treating 0.6 Mℓ/d of borehole water containing approximately 8 000 mg/ℓ total dissolved solids, 100 mg/ℓ calcium, 400 mg/ℓ magnesium and 1 000 mg/ℓ bicarbonate

ULTOTEC WILL be the

African

representative

(IX), a technology that has been on

for the CleanTeQ range

the market for over 50 years, it also

a speciﬁc function ‒ ionic ﬁltration,

of ionic ﬁltration sys-

resembles continuous sand ﬁltration

resin washing (pre-elution wash),

tems, and a phased roll-out of the

with the salient diﬀerences being that

resin regeneration and resin rinsing

systems is planned during 2014.

CIF uses charged IX resin beads in-

(post-elution wash). Resin moves as a

This is a signiﬁcant coup for

stead of sand as its ﬁltration medium,

packed bed in the columns with resin

Multotec and the team is excited

and it ﬁlters dissolved solids out of

continuously being transferred from

about the prospects for the treatment

the solution, in addition to suspended

the bottom of each stage to the next.

of mine wastewater and acid mine

solids. This feature of CIF distinguishes

Counter-current operation ensures

drainage (AMD). By applying the CIF

it from its competitors in the conven-

optimum mass transfer and continual

technology to the mining industry, we

tional IX market as it allows for the

high contaminant removal.

will be able to contribute to the drive

elimination of a pre-treatment stage

to preserve our valuable water re-

to remove solids.

sources, says CJ Liebenberg, environmental process engineer at Multotec.

While CIF is based on ion exchange

ABOVE A mobile DeSALx plant, with a capacity of 0.5 Mℓ/d, was used on CSG to produce agricultural-grade product water for livestock and crops. The feed and product water total dissolved solids were 4 500 mg/ℓ and 1 650 mg/ℓ, respectively, with over 90% water recovery. The process consumed less than 0.5 kW/m3

Each

CIF

module

Liebenberg explains that the CIF technology complements the other

products and services in Multotec s

series of columns each designed for

comprises

portfolio. Multotec s core business is

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

MINE WATER

A containerised CIF plant that treats CSG-produced water the supply of products and services to the mining and mineral beneficiation industries, including solid/liquid separation equipment such as centrifuges and filter presses. Our aim is to assist in the alleviation of water shortage issues and to encourage sustainable development in South Africa. Mining is often regarded as being a non-sustainable enterprise from an environmental perspective and we would therefore like to become part of the solution, rather than the perceived problem. He continues that treatment of mine water and AMD with containerised systems is considered to be niche markets for CIF. The CIF process is similar, in some respects, to the Gyp-CIX process that was considered by the International Network for Acid Prevention for the treatment of AMD. CIF differs in a few respects. These include that lower flow rate requirements in CIF allow for a much smaller clarifier than would be required in Gyp-CIX. This attribute is the result of regeneration columns being continuously agitated, eliminating the need for a high flow rate to keep resin and formed gypsum in suspension. Flow rate, in turn, impacts on the power requirements of the process, with CIF requiring less power due to its lower flow rate requirements. These factors result in lower operating and capital requirements than Gyp-CIX. Liebenberg points out that CIF technology has had significant success in the treatment of coal seam gas (CSG) associated water in Australia. There are indications that such activities might take place in Southern Africa in the near future, and this will therefore be a significant market for CIF. Although the cost of a CIF system is application-specific, it tends to be superior to other technologies on the market, especially reverse osmosis, both with respect to capex and opex. In fact, depending on the CIF product selected ‒ CIF single stage, DeSALx or HiROx ‒ it can be up to 50% more cost-effective than conventional technologies. This is primarily due to its simplicity, use of low-cost regeneration chemicals and low power requirements. Zero to minimal pre-treatment is generally required, especially because the system can operate in the presence of up to 40% solids by weight. Additional to the benefits of CIF mentioned previously are that water recoveries exceeding 95% are achievable. The fact that it is fully automated enables the system to operate independently and be controlled remotely. Due to its simplicity, it is easily operated and maintained ‒ eliminating the need for highly skilled labour. Access to remote locations is allowed for, as the containerised systems are mobile. Finally, potentially valuable by-products like gypsum can be produced in a saleable form using CIF.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

PIPES

Pipes VIII – hard work and hope

manufacturers,

representatives

local and provincial governments, and the media. Government has been making promises of massive expenditure (R800 billion) to improve the country s infrastructure. The NDP has set a ﬁxed investment target of 30 % of GDP by 2030 and, concurrently, the Department of Trade and Industry

This year’s Pipes VIII conference highlighted the important role plastic pipes have to play in ensuring a country’s infrastructure is able to provide daily necessities such as clean drinking water and a working sewage system. By Nicholas McDiarmid

is developing a strategic vision for the broader plastics industry. All of these plans certainly appear to be good news, but we are not yet seeing them translated into reality, says Jan Venter, SAPPMA Chairperson.

The supply/demand imbalance According to SAPPMA, the supply of plastic pipes currently far outweighs

Delegates at PIPES VIII

ORE

THAN

delegates

200

Dhabi and the United States, shared

the demand. The simple fact is that

attended

their views on matters relating to

local municipalities are not investing

water infrastructure.

in replacing or upgrading their water

this year s conference entitled

Plastic

Pipe

The audience consisted of experts

infrastructure. As a result, our industry

in Infrastructure ‒ the only 2014

involved in the manufacture, install-

is currently taking strain and is bat-

conference

dedicated

ation and speciﬁcation of plastic

tling for survival despite the fact that

to plastic pipes. Sixteen local and

pipes, as well as the development

the country s infrastructure is sorely

international experts, from as far

of pipelines around the world, and

lacking. Many of our member compa-

aﬁeld as Germany, Switzerland, Abu

included civil engineers, plastic pipe

nies are forced to shift their focus to

speciﬁcally

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

PIPES Marley Pipe Systems – Gold winner

elsewhere in Africa in order to keep

attention is given to the replacement

that beckons, he tells the audience.

their doors open, Venter says.

and maintenance of the water infra-

Other highlights of the day s pres-

Water distribution, waste disposal,

structure, the end result is predict-

entations included Manglin Pillay

irrigation and telecommunications all

able: bursts will start occurring on a

(CEO of SAICE), Colm Lyons (Georg

rely on pipelines to function, and an

daily basis, followed by catastrophic

Fischer Schaﬀhausen, Switzerland),

extensive network of reliable water

component

Ulrich Schulte (PE100+ Association,

and sewage pipelines is essential

prolonged

for the establishment and growth

delivery,

of civilisation.

to recent violent protest actions by

South Africa is experiencing a great need in this regard, and one

failure

and

disruptions

regular, service

Venter warned, alluding

Germany),

Andrew

Wedgner

(Borouge, UAE) and Andrew Seidel (Underground Solutions Inc., USA).

angry residents left without water or

Conclusion

sanitation in the North West.

Overall,

SAPPMA

concluded

that

would therefore expect our industry

The two major causes of water

to ﬂourish. Ironically, though, the

loss are corrosion and poor jointing.

there is much to be excited about,

South African plastic pipe industry

For this reason, old steel or asbestos

but also a lot of hard work is re-

repeatedly ﬁnds itself in a situation

pipes

quired if promises are to be turned

of low demand and this scenario is

plastic pipes, because they do not

simply unacceptable, he reiterated.

corrode and the joints are leakproof

South Africans are ﬁnally waking

than

if done correctly. We are therefore

up to the fact that water is fast

80% of the plastic pipe produced in

urging municipalities to realise that

becoming a critical problem as

South Africa, and focuses its eﬀorts

pipelines lie at the heart of South

they

on ensuring pipe systems are leak-

Africa s infrastructure and should be

hand the impact of failing water

free and durable for long-term use. It

replaced before they fail.

infrastructure. We can only hope that

SAPPMA

represents

should

replaced

with

into action.

begin

experience

ﬁrst-

also focuses on the rehabilitation of

JP Landman, analyst and author of

decision-makers pay attention to

old pipelines. According to SAPPMA,

The Long View, came on stage after

the warning signs by implementing

both water quality and quantity are

Venter s presentation and managed

a pipe-replacement project and in-

under severe pressure in South Africa,

to lighten the mood by convincing

vesting in developing the necessary

aggravated by rapidly increasing

the industry that all was not doom

technical skills required ‒ something

demand, severe pollution and huge

and gloom.

greatly

losses in distribution.

Landman s presentation was entitled No miracle, but no apocalypse

lacking

our

country,

Venter concludes. As an industry, we are appealing

Ageing infrastructure

either

and focused on how the

to government to preserve and

Venter explained that the majority

country s economy is growing and

distribute scarce water resources

of the country s existing pipes were

industry is succeeding in moving

eﬀectively, to put promises into prac-

installed in the early 1960s.

They

forward. South Africa is on a steady

tice by investing in infrastructure and

have undoubtedly reached the end

forward trajectory. It will take consist-

rolling out of the much-talked-about

of their eﬀective lifespan and have

ent, hard toil and working together,

project, and to absolutely reject

begun to corrode. Unless urgent

but our country has a bright future

incompetence and ineﬃciencies.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

PIPES

Duodrain sewerage pipe launches I Renier Snyman, product manager, DPI Plastics

NVESTMENT IN a state-of-the-

pipe with pressure ratings up to

rubber seals result in eďŹ&#x20AC;ective sealing

art extrusion line has enabled DPI

12 bar.

and resists root ingress, he continues.

Plastics to increase the maximum

DPI Plastics product manager Renier

Another major advantage of the

external diameter of its range

Snyman reveals that the company

Durodrain range is the fact that it

of Durodrain uPVC sewer pipes to

oďŹ&#x192;cially

employs Best Practice PVC methods.

630 mm. This is now oďŹ&#x192;cially the larg-

Durodrain uPVC sewer pipe range in

The pipes are manufactured in an

est product of its kind manufactured

early 2014. The larger bore ensures

ISO 9001 accredited factory that

in Africa.

that greater volumes of sewage is

minimises wastage by recycling mate-

DPI Plastics is a leading manufactur-

conveyed in gravity sewers. This

rials, which ensures a reduction in the

er of water reticulation, drainage and

improves eďŹ&#x192;ciency when compared

overall carbon footprint during the

pipe-ďŹ tting systems. Following the in-

to 500 mm sewer piping, which

production process.

stallation of the German-engineered

was until recently the largest size

Krauss MaďŹ&#x20AC;ei extrusion line in mid-

available locally.

launched

the

630

What s more, Snyman adds that PVC is considerably lighter than

2013, it became the only plastic pipe

Snyman reveals that PVC is more

manufacturer in sub-Saharan Africa

cost-eďŹ&#x20AC;ective and boasts a longer

pipes

capable of producing 630 mm bore

life expectancy, compared to in-

eďŹ&#x192;ciently by truck, which reduces

PVC pipes.

dustry-standard steel, concrete and

fuel

high-density

(HDPE),

turnaround times. The lightweight

line at the DPI Plastics factory in

which are often prone to corrosion

characteristics of the pipes, which are

Johannesburg is capable of produc-

damage caused by methane and

delivered in 6 m lengths, also ensure

ing up to 22 tonnes of PVC piping

chemicals over extended periods.

that on-site installation times are

The

Krauss

MaďŹ&#x20AC;ei

extrusion

polyethylene

steel or concrete. This means that can

transported

consumption

improves

products per day, including SANS 791

A smooth inside wall results in a

approved underground sewerage and

low friction coeďŹ&#x192;cient, thereby ensur-

Snyman reveals that a multimillion

drainage pipes available in standard

ing resistance to algae growth, which

rand order for 560 mm Durodrain

duty and heavy duty options, and

is a common cause of blockage in

pipes was placed in May for a munic-

SANS 966 approved uPVC and mPVC

sewerage systems. Integral joints with

ipal sewerage upgrade project.

dramatically improved.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

NOW AVAILABLE up to 630mm

SANS 791 PVC-U (unplasticized polyvinyl chloride) solid wall sewer and drain pipe systems Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021;

and

Resistance to abrasion and scouring Resistance to attack from acid or alkaline soils Impervious to chemicals found in all sewage Good flow characteristics Not damaged by modern cleaning methods Good impact properties, an important factor in installation, transportation and use

DETAILED PIPELINE DESIGN TECHNICAL INFO CONTAINED IN CD OR PDF FORMAT IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST FROM DPI PLASTICS AND CONTAINING, INTER ALIA: Â&#x2021; 7UHQFKLQJ EHGGLQJ EDFNILOOLQJ Â&#x2021; 5HSDLUV Â&#x2021; 7HVWLQJ Â&#x2021; +DQGOLQJ VWRUDJH Â&#x2021; 6RLO SLSH ,QWHUDFWLRQ Â&#x2021; 'HIOHFWLRQ OLYH ORDGV ZDOO VWUHVV Â&#x2021; 9HORFLW\ IORZ FKDUWVV

Â&#x2021; www.dpiplastics.co.za Â&#x2021;Tel: +27 21 957 5600 Â&#x2021; info@dpiplastics.co.za Â&#x2021;Tel: +27 11 345 5600

Member of the Dawn Group

Southern African Vinyls Association

PIPES

New products pipeline S OUTH

AFRICAN

Vinyls

vinyl used for the manufacture of

cost-eﬀectiveness and recyclability.

chair-

pipes. PVC piping takes up 59% of

The advent of O-PVC pipe will en-

man Dr Claus Maurer said

the product we produce for the local

hance these advantages, but also im-

recently at the Vinyl SA 2014

industry. He also gave his opinion,

portantly enhance the environmental

conference in Sandton, Gauteng,

based on research, indicating that

beneﬁts of PVC pipe. Despite these

The purpose of today s gathering is

there is room for growth in South

advantages, O-PVC pipe struggled to

to exchange experience to empower

Africa s plastic pipe market with the

gain market traction in South Africa,

the industry to combat undesirable

introduction of innovative technolo-

which led to the discontinuation of

vinyls practices.

gies like oriented PVC (O-PVC) pipe,

O-PVC manufacturing by the one

fusible PVC pipe and large-bore PVC

local producer. Yet, the beneﬁts of

pipe (up to 1 400 mm in diameter).

the technology, particularly when it

Association

(SAVA)

One of the speakers from international integrated energy and chemical company Sasol, which provides

PVC has a number of inherent

comes to the product s use in bulk

for

advantages as a material for water

water conveyance and high-pressure

plastic pipe manufacturing, shared

pipes over alternative products; in

applications,

the plastics scope within piping.

particular, resistance to corrosion

those countries that implement it,

According to Rishi Madho, product

and

including the US, Canada, France

manager at Sasol Chemicals Polymer

water disinfectants, eﬀect on water

division, the African vinyl industry

quality,

excellent

The purpose of SAVA s existence is

‒ which closely reﬂects the South

balance between strength, stiﬀness

to work as an industry touchstone for

African scenario ‒ is dominated by

and ﬂexibility, ease of installation,

best practices.

the

hydrocarbons

necessary

chemical smooth

attack bore,

including

remain

apparent

and Australia.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

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PANEL DISCUSSION FEATURE Danie van den Berg

AQUAPLAN

engineering manager, Aquaplan

ow does your company s plants and services offer a convenient, cost-effective, sustainable solution? JB Although

and space requirements.

blow-down water

AquaPlan has, through

and recycled water

the years, successfully

sources, brine solutions and

in width from 2.4 m to 3.6 m.

designed, manufactured and

acid mine drainage.

The heights also vary from

the most important driver

technologies, speciﬁcally

for client satisfaction is the

adapted for the modular

suitability and efficiency of

containerised approach. These

the chosen process to treat

processes include, but are not

the water, quick delivery

limited to:

times, ease of service and

• specialised ion

maintenance, coupled to very high energy efficiency, have surpassed other variables as key performance indicators. One of the barriers to

commissioned various key

exchange processes

in the modular portable

backwash towers • coagulation, flocculation and

range is our special lamella plate settlers, used as either

rapid mixing units

3 m to 12 m and vary

2.4 m to 3.2 m for optimised

What specific products and components does your company manufacture or provide and what are the quality indicators that your clients must know about? One of the most successful products offered

• degas towers and resin

which range from

clarification of the effluent • fully in-house manufactured containerised skids, taking less than four weeks per unit • optional vertical stacking of plate settlers to decrease footprint and increase hydraulic throughput per m² • full underflow collection and thickening system, including sludge recirculation

achieving outstanding delivery

• full range of pressure filters

a thickener or clarifier.

times for the manufacturing

• gravity and up-flow filters

Many treatment plants,

collection system that forms

of the plant is the lack of

• gravity settlers and

across the wide spectrum of

an integral part of the lamella

applications, require a settler

plate pack.

standard shipping containers

clarification processes

with exactly the right

• water softening processes

as part of the treatment

internal dimensions to suit a

• sequential batch reactors and

process, magnifying the

standard modular approach. In order to reduce delivery times, and adhere to quick, efficient service while beating international import timelines,

aeration systems • specialised wastewater treatment systems • potable water treatment solutions

• modified lamella plate

importance of a cost-effective,

What specialised services do you offer? AquaPlan s

yet efficient, clarification

services include process

step in the process. The

engineering studies of current

company has developed

water treatment plants

modular, containerised

and equipment, hydraulic

AquaPlan developed a range of

• fluoride removal processes

settlers of various sizes, each

studies throughout the

container skids. These custom-

• continuous medium

incorporating significant

water treatment process,

built containers are accurately

filtration processes

special features that aid in

optimisation of current water

the successful application of

treatment processes and

these units.

many more.

manufactured, adapted to suit the mechanical requirements and can be shipped to clients in record times. In addition, the company is able to

• reverse osmosis membrane processes • nano- and ultrafiltration processes

These features include: • varying clarifier lengths,

CIP control panel container

• acid and alkali

design, manufacture, and test

recovery membrane

complete containerised plants

processes.

‒ whether ion exchange, clarification processes or standard potable water treatment solutions ‒ in less than six weeks.

What types of water do your plants treat, are they adaptable and how are they specialised? The

What key technologies does you company oﬀer?

choice and selection

Our technologies range

the production of

across a complete spectrum

safe drinking water

of treatment processes. This

for our range of

includes the critically important

modular containerised

pre- and post-treatment

plants,includes surface

sections of the process. These

water, groundwater,

processes need to be carefully

industrial effluent,

designed in order to ﬁt the

domestic and

modular portable approach

industrial wastewater,

and are mechanically designed

seawater and saline

to suit the required footprint

sources, cooling tower

of source water, for

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

PANEL DISCUSSION Julian Moore

HEADSTREAM WATER

commercial director, Headstream Water

ow do your company s plants and services oﬀer a convenient, cost-eﬀective, sustainable solution? JM

on our already strained water

biomass activated

resources, while also providing

sludge reactor to

an economic beneﬁt as water

achieve highly

charges (potable and sewage)

eﬃcient COD and nutrient

Headstream Water s core focus

are reduced. The potential

removal. The ﬁxed biomass

is on wastewater treatment

paybacks on capex spend are

reactor treats the COD with

and it oﬀers various-size

generally under ﬁve years in

high aeration eﬃciency

What speciﬁc products and components does your company manufacture or provide and what are the quality indicators that your clients must know about?

wastewater treatment package

most instances.

resulting in a reduced plant

We have a standard range

footprint and overall energy

of HYBACS package plants

plants. These are based on

Also, many wastewater

the unique HYBACS process,

treatment plants in the

savings when compared

ranging in size from 100 m3/d

a hybrid biological nutrient

country operate over capacity

to conventional activated

treatment capacity to 500 m3/d.

removal process that produces

so package plants assist in

sludge systems. The company

These of course can be

excellent quality eﬄuent, is

alleviating some of the strain

employs its own high-quality

installed in multiples to provide

energy eﬃcient, has a compact

on ailing infrastructure.

screening systems to ensure

a higher capacity, although we

this essential treatment process

feel if one needs more than

footprint and is easy to operate

is reliable and robust. It also

1 000 m3/d on a permanent

provide an ideal solution for

What key technologies does the company oﬀer?

oﬀers a ﬁltration system called

basis, a full-scale works is more

large water users, as they

HYBACS, which stands for

Filterclear and a UV disinfection

applicable. HYBACS is also

allow them to treat their own

hybrid activated sludge, is

system called Neotech, both

applicable to larger works, with

wastewater and reuse this

Headstream s core technology

of which are highly eﬃcient

the biggest HYBACS plant in

as grey water. This enables

and its package plant series

and high throughput systems

operation being 100 000 m3/d.

them to conserve water

is based on this process.

ideal for polishing the treated

Headstream s package plants

thereby relieving the strain

HYBACS combines a ﬁxed

eﬄuent from our package

are all housed in multiple 6 m

biomass reactor upstream of

plants to make it suitable for

standard-size steel containers

a conventional suspended

many reuse applications.

for ease of transport and are a

and maintain. These units

HYBACS package plant

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

PANEL DISCUSSION FEATURE high-quality, proven and cutting-edge water treatment solutions. The company is the exclusive licensee for Bluewater Bio Technologies suite of water and wastewater treatment technologies, and the exlcusive agent for HydroDyne Engineering s screening and de-gritting systems.

SMART units, the system that powers the HYBACS process at this installation at the Hartbeesfontein wastewater treatment works

That way, the customer does

high level of customer support

not have any capital outlay and

and service, reliable plant

does not have the distraction

operation, consistent quality

of running a treatment plant.

of treated eďŹ&#x201E;uent, and cost

How do these products ďŹ t within the SANS speciďŹ cations? All our

It is also ideal if a customer

savings in terms of reduced

products meet the highest

simple plug-and-play solution.

has a short-to-medium-term

operating costs primarily from

level of quality standards in

The company provides the

requirement for on-site

reduced energy use.

highly regulated markets

complete plant from inlet

wastewater treatment, such

works to disinfection, including

as a mining or construction

an operator and control room.

camp, as the customer can

While we oďŹ&#x20AC;er these plants

eďŹ&#x20AC;ectively rent the service from

for sale to customers, our preferred model is to provide a solution where we install and operate the plant for clients.

like the UK, EU and USA. Our package plants are designed

us without having to acquire

What partnerships, that amplify your product oďŹ&#x20AC;ering, has your company established? Headstream

the plant.

has partnered with two

we are conďŹ dent they will stack

international innovative

up against all quality standards

companies providing

in South Africa.

In terms of quality indicators, the key items are a constant

to meet eďŹ&#x201E;uent standards speciďŹ ed by the Department of Water and Sanitation. As such,

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

Cost Effective Upgrade to Increase Treatment Capacity, Improve Performance and Reduce Energy Consumption Â&#x192;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2013;Â&#x201E;Â&#x2021;Â&#x2021;Â&#x2022;Â&#x2C6;Â&#x2018;Â?Â&#x2013;Â&#x2021;Â&#x2039;Â? ÇŚ Â&#x2019;Â&#x2030;Â&#x201D;Â&#x192;Â&#x2020;Â&#x2021; Â&#x2C6;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2018;Â? Íś Ć?Č&#x20AC;Â&#x2020; Â&#x2013;Â&#x2018; Íş Ć?Č&#x20AC;Â&#x2020;

2 recent HYBACS upgrades demonstrate its cost effectiveness and ease of implementation: Hartbeesfontein WWTW: Â&#x2014;Â&#x2019;Â&#x2030;Â&#x201D;Â&#x192;Â&#x2020;Â&#x2021; Â&#x2013;Â&#x2018; Â&#x2019;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2018;Â&#x2DC;Â&#x2039;Â&#x2020;Â&#x2021; Â&#x192;Â?Â&#x2020; Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2026;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2022;Â&#x2021; Â&#x2039;Â? Â&#x2013;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2013;Â?Â&#x2021;Â?Â&#x2013; Â&#x2026;Â&#x192;Â&#x2019;Â&#x192;Â&#x2026;Â&#x2039;Â&#x2013;Â&#x203A; Â&#x2C6;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2018;Â? Íś Ć?Č&#x20AC;Â&#x2020; Â&#x2013;Â&#x2018; Íş Ć?Č&#x20AC;Â&#x2020;ÇŁ Č&#x2C6; ÍłÍ˛Í˛Î¨ Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2026;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2022;Â&#x2021; Â&#x2039;Â? Â&#x2013;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2013;Â?Â&#x2021;Â?Â&#x2013; Â&#x2026;Â&#x192;Â&#x2019;Â&#x192;Â&#x2026;Â&#x2039;Â&#x2013;Â&#x203A; Č&#x2C6; Íş Â&#x2014;Â?Â&#x2039;Â&#x2013;Â&#x2022; Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2022;Â&#x2013;Â&#x192;Â&#x17D;Â&#x17D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x2020; Č&#x2C6; Â&#x2018; Â&#x2039;Â&#x2DC;Â&#x2039;Â&#x17D; Â&#x2018;Â&#x201D;Â?Â&#x2022; Â&#x2013;Â&#x2018; Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2026;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2022;Â&#x2021; Â&#x192;Â&#x2021;Â&#x201D;Â&#x192;Â&#x2013;Â&#x2039;Â&#x2018;Â? Â&#x2013;Â&#x192;Â?Â? Â&#x2DC;Â&#x2018;Â&#x17D;Â&#x2014;Â?Â&#x2021; Č&#x2C6; Â&#x192;Â&#x2DC;Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2030; Â&#x2039;Â? Â? Â&#x160; Â&#x2019;Â&#x2021;Â&#x201D; Ć?Č&#x20AC;Â&#x2020; Č&#x2039;Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2022;Â&#x2013;Â&#x192;Â&#x17D;Â&#x17D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x2020; Â&#x2019;Â&#x2018;Â&#x2122;Â&#x2021;Â&#x201D;Č&#x152;

Â&#x2014;Â&#x201E;Â&#x17D;Â&#x2039; ÇŚ Â&#x2019;Â&#x2030;Â&#x201D;Â&#x192;Â&#x2020;Â&#x2021; Â&#x2C6;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2018;Â? ÍśÍ˛ Ć?Č&#x20AC;Â&#x2020; Â&#x2013;Â&#x2018; ÍłÍ˛Í˛ Ć?Č&#x20AC;Â&#x2020;

Tubli WWTW (Bahrain): Â&#x2014;Â&#x2019;Â&#x2030;Â&#x201D;Â&#x192;Â&#x2020;Â&#x2021; Â&#x2013;Â&#x2018; Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2026;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2022;Â&#x2021; Â&#x2013;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2013;Â?Â&#x2021;Â?Â&#x2013; Â&#x2026;Â&#x192;Â&#x2019;Â&#x192;Â&#x2026;Â&#x2039;Â&#x2013;Â&#x203A; Â&#x2C6;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2018;Â? ÍśÍ˛ Ć?Č&#x20AC;Â&#x2020; Â&#x2013;Â&#x2018; ÍłÍ˛Í˛ Ć?Č&#x20AC;Â&#x2020;ÇŁ Č&#x2C6; ÍłÍˇÍ˛Î¨ Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2026;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2022;Â&#x2021; Â&#x2039;Â? Â&#x2013;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2013;Â?Â&#x2021;Â?Â&#x2013; Â&#x2026;Â&#x192;Â&#x2019;Â&#x192;Â&#x2026;Â&#x2039;Â&#x2013;Â&#x203A; Č&#x2C6; ÍśÍ´ Â&#x2014;Â?Â&#x2039;Â&#x2013;Â&#x2022; Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2022;Â&#x2013;Â&#x192;Â&#x17D;Â&#x17D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x2020; Č&#x2C6; Â&#x2018; Â&#x2039;Â&#x2DC;Â&#x2039;Â&#x17D; Â&#x2018;Â&#x201D;Â?Â&#x2022; Â&#x2013;Â&#x2018; Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2026;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2022;Â&#x2021; Â&#x192;Â&#x2021;Â&#x201D;Â&#x192;Â&#x2013;Â&#x2039;Â&#x2018;Â? Â&#x2013;Â&#x192;Â?Â? Â&#x2DC;Â&#x2018;Â&#x17D;Â&#x2014;Â?Â&#x2021; Č&#x2C6; Íś Í˛Î¨ Â&#x2022;Â&#x192;Â&#x2DC;Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2030; Â&#x2039;Â? Â? Â&#x160; Â&#x2019;Â&#x2021;Â&#x201D; Ć?Č&#x20AC;Â&#x2020; Č&#x2C6; ÍľÇĄÍ¸ Â?Â&#x2039;Â&#x17D;Â&#x17D;Â&#x2039;Â&#x2018;Â? Â&#x2026;Â&#x2018;Â&#x2022;Â&#x2013; Â&#x2019;Â&#x2021;Â&#x201D; Ć?Č&#x20AC;Â&#x2020; Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2026;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2022;Â&#x2021; Č&#x2C6; Â&#x161;Â&#x2026;Â&#x2021;Â&#x17D;Â&#x17D;Â&#x2021;Â?Â&#x2013; Â&#x2C6;Ď?Â&#x17D;Â&#x2014;Â&#x2021;Â?Â&#x2013; Â&#x2014;Â&#x192;Â&#x17D;Â&#x2039;Â&#x2013;Â&#x203A;ÇŁ Č&#x2C6; Î´Í˛ÇĄÍľÂ?Â&#x2030;Č&#x20AC;Ć? Â?Â?Â&#x2018;Â?Â&#x2039;Â&#x192; Č&#x2C6; Î´ÍłÍ˛Â?Â&#x2030;Č&#x20AC;Ć? Č&#x2C6; Î´ÍľÍ˛Â?Â&#x2030;Č&#x20AC;Ć? Č&#x2C6; Î´ÍłÍˇÂ?Â&#x2030;Č&#x20AC;Ć?

Â&#x2039;Â&#x2022; Â&#x2022;Â&#x2014;Â&#x2019;Â&#x2019;Â&#x17D;Â&#x2039;Â&#x2021;Â&#x2020; Â&#x2039;Â? Â&#x2018;Â&#x2014;Â&#x2013;Â&#x160; Â&#x2C6;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2039;Â&#x2026;Â&#x192; Â&#x201E;Â&#x203A; Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2020;Â&#x2022;Â&#x2013;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â? Â&#x192;Â&#x2013;Â&#x2021;Â&#x201D; Â&#x2018;Â&#x17D;Â&#x2020;Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2030;Â&#x2022; Č&#x2039; Â&#x2013;Â&#x203A;Č&#x152; Â&#x2013;Â&#x2020; Â&#x2122;Â&#x2122;Â&#x2122;Ç¤Â&#x160;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2020;Â&#x2022;Â&#x2013;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â?Â&#x2122;Â&#x192;Â&#x2013;Â&#x2021;Â&#x201D;Ç¤Â&#x2026;Â&#x2018;Ç¤Â&#x153;Â&#x192; Â&#x2039;Â?Â&#x2C6;Â&#x2018;ĚˇÂ&#x160;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â&#x2020;Â&#x2022;Â&#x2013;Â&#x201D;Â&#x2021;Â&#x192;Â?Â&#x2122;Â&#x192;Â&#x2013;Â&#x2021;Â&#x201D;Ç¤Â&#x2026;Â&#x2018;Ç¤Â&#x153;Â&#x192; t Í˛ÍłÍł ÍşÍşÍ¸ ÍšÍşÍ˛Íˇ

water solutions

Crest Chemicals

Lake Foods Lake Specialties

PANEL DISCUSSION IMPROCHEM

Hugo Basson director, ImproChem

desalination and

What partnerships has your company established to increase its product oﬀering? In 2012, ImproChem

combination platforms

acquired the sub-Saharan

in modular and

African water and process

skid-mounted formats

technology business of GE.

- ultraﬁltration, nano ﬁltration, reverse osmosis (RO),

- clariﬁers of various types; a

distribution agreement for

including sand, carbon and

GE chemical and monitoring

dual-media ﬁltration

solutions in sub-Saharan

- water softeners and

Africa as well as a licence

demineralisation plants - industrial, potable and wastewater treatment plants - specially engineered water

ZeeWeed 1500 Series

ow does your company s plants and services oﬀer a convenient, cost eﬀective, sustainable solution? HB ImproChem s

ImproChem s package plants

containerised plants are

as seawater, and eﬄuent or

pre-designed with proper

process water. The company

P&ID (engineering drawings)

treats a wide variety of water

and it produces variations of

chemistries, it is therefore

its standard designs based on

important for us to do a proper

customer-speciﬁc requirements,

plant survey and work with our

including water composition.

This deal included an exclusive

range of ﬁltration systems

treatment plants - pre-treatment and conditioning systems

treat surface water but can

- full turnkey water

also treat borehole- as well

treatment plants.

to manufacture GE s range of speciality chemicals at ImproChem s manufacturing facility in Umbogintwini, KwaZulu-Natal. It further gave ImproChem access to GE s range of engineered water, wastewater, desalination and process treatment systems.

What services does your company oﬀer and how does your customer engagement deliver client assurance?

customers to satisfy their needs.

What speciﬁc products and components does your company provide and what are the quality indicators that your clients must know about? GE plants

This allows the company to

ImproChem oﬀers a number of

include pre-treatment units,

construction) service. Its support

oﬀer and build modular plants

additional equipment solutions

brackish RO Platforms, UF

teams consist of process,

with ﬂows from 1 m3/h to

depending on the application.

RO combination platforms,

mechanical and electrical

120 m3/h. Our plants are low

The company s plants vary from

seawater desalination, electrode

engineers, as well as chemists.

in maintenance and easy to

easy plug-and-play to more

ionisation and ultraﬁltration.

operate; for instance, changing

advanced on-site installations.

the media in a ﬁlter can be done

These systems comply

ImproChem oﬀers a full EPC (engineer, procure and

The company oﬀers its customers full plant operation

with NEMS, CE, NSF 44

personnel (24/7), maintenance

and ISO 9001 standards

and chemical supply. In certain

ImproChem has a proven track

What key technologies does your company oﬀer? We

(depending on the speciﬁc

cases, ﬁnance options can also

record with plants lasting 10

work with our customers to

equipment requirements).

be considered.

years and more, mainly due to

solve their water management

the high quality and materials

challenges on various sites

dosing systems, softeners,

of construction. Working with

throughout Africa. To this

ﬁltration units, clariﬁers,

modular containerised plants

end, ImproChem uses a range

demineralisation plants and

Which applications and markets does your company cater to? ImproChem

provides ﬂexibility to transport

of chemical and engineering

other water treatment plants

provides innovative chemical,

our plant easily to various

technologies comprising

that conﬁrm to SANS 241

monitoring and engineered

customer sites and it allows us

the following:

(potable water and any water

solutions for industrial and

to solve customers problems

• world-class chemical

released into the environment),

potable water management,

simply and without diﬃculties.

ImproChem manufactures

on-site using the correct

technology, including the

with electrical speciﬁcation

as well as hydrocarbon

technical solution, including

full range of General Electric

in accordance to the SANS

processing. We serve a

equipment and chemicals;

(GE) products

10142-2 and various mechanical

diversity of industries including

speciﬁcations and, for instance,

Upstream Oil & Gas; Crude

and custom-engineered

SANS 347 for pressure vessels.

Oil Reﬁning; Petrochemical;

systems including:

The Occupational Health

Mining; Primary Metals; Power

- the GE ZeeWeed hollow ﬁbre

and Safety Act is taken into

Generation; Public Water; Food

ultraﬁltration technology

consideration in every detail

& Beverage; Pulp & Paper;

and membrane bioreactors

of our design and production

Sugar; Automotive; Textiles and

(MBR) technology

of plant.

many more.

from simple ﬁltration to complex desalination.

What type of water do your plants treat; are they adaptable and how are they specialised? Most of

• mechanical equipment

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

SUPERIOR TECHNOLOGY. SUPERIOR SOLUTIONS. NUWATER MODULAR TREATMENT PLANT Seawater

Surface Water

Groundwater

NuWater provides a range of products, services and financing solutions to reclaim or treat almost any quantity and quality of water.

Waste Water

Clean Water

Innovative 16" reverse osmosis technology makes NuWater plants more compact and efficient, with lower operating and maintenance costs. Being modular and mobile, our plants are also rapidly deployable and highly scalable, providing ultimate flexibility in a rapidly changing world. People

Mining

Industry

Oil & Gas

Challenge us to clean your water.

Wastewater Reclamation

FROM TOP: NuWater’s ‘Modular & Mobile’ plant design for wastewater treatment and desalination. Aerial view of 20 MLD mine wastewater reclamation plant at Anglo American’s New Vaal Coliery. One of two NuWater rapidly deployable modular plants at Gold Fields, Ghana.

info@nuwaterglobal.com

+27 21 531 0641

www.nuwaterglobal.com

PANEL DISCUSSION Martin Lyons

NUWATER ow does your company s plants and services oﬀer a convenient, cost-eﬀective, sustainable solution?

project manager, NuWater

by the customer to NuWater.

well suited to large

are technologically

This ensures that the interests of

capacity modular

agnostic. We prefer to

our customers and NuWater are

and containerised

fully aligned.

desalination plants. The use

the best available products

ML NuWater designs, builds,

oﬀer our customers

of advanced membrane

and solutions to address their

technologies allows NuWater

individual requirements.

and desalination plants.

What types of water do your plants treat; are they adaptable and how are they specialised? NuWater has an

treatment plants, which is not

How do these products ﬁt within SANS speciﬁcations?

Although there are a large

impressive portfolio of projects

possible with conventional

All products incorporated

number of companies oﬀering

with blue-chip customers

technologies.

in NuWater s plants meet or

containerised solutions,

covering the full range of

NuWater has pioneered large-

water types, from seawater

scale package desalination

through to complex industrial

plants required to treat brackish

wastewater. In all cases, the

water, seawater and a variety

company produces high-quality

of industrial wastewaters. It

product water meeting, and in

has achieved this through a

many cases exceeding, WHO

What speciﬁc products and components does your company provide and what are the quality indicators that your clients must know about? NuWater provides

combination of proprietary

potable water standards. Our

complete package plant models

patented and carefully selected

ability to combine diﬀerent unit

covering the full range of water

third-party technologies and

operations in a plug-and-play

and wastewtaer requirements.

highly innovative plant designs.

manner allows NuWater to

NuWater prides itself in oﬀering

customise standard plant

the highest-quality products

What services does your company oﬀer and how does your customer engagement deliver client assurance?

large-scale solutions, in addition

models to address the speciﬁc

to serve customers for the full

It is ultimately our existing

to more readily available

treatment requirements of

duration of their requirements.

customers that provide the

small-scale solutions, as part

individual feedwater types.

NuWater is ISO 9001 accredited

greatest assurance of our

of a comprehensive service

and quality control is central

service levels to potential new

to the ethos of the company,

customers. This is part of the

the competition. As part of

What key technologies does your company oﬀer? NuWater specialises

ensuring products and services

reason why NuWater insists on

this comprehensive service

in membrane technolgies

of the highest standards.

maintaining a close working

oﬀering, we combine technical,

covering a range of ﬁltration

project execution and ﬁnancing

options, from micro- (MF),

capabilities. The beneﬁt of

ultra- (UF) and nano-ﬁltration

this approach is that the true

(NF) to reverse osmosis (RO).

cost of owning, operating and

owns and operates highly scalable modular and rapidly deployable water treatment

NuWater s ability to provide

oﬀering, sets it apart from

to achieve conpact form factors for water and wastewater

exceed SANS speciﬁcations. This generally allows us to comply with the speciﬁcations of the most demanding customer, particularly large industrial customers who set their own standards.

relationship with its customers, even after a simple plant sale,

NuWater pioneered the use of

What partnerships has your company established to increase its product oﬀering? NuWater has a large

maintaining water treatment

large-diameter (16″) high-ﬂux

number of close relationships

operation before they result in

and desalination plants is clearly

RO technology for which the

with technology providers

downtime or avoidable costs.

quantiﬁed, and technical and

company holds a number of

around the world. We do not,

NuWater ideally looks to operate

operational risks relating to the

international patents. Its 16″

however, act as agents for

and maintain all the plants we

plant are eﬀectively outsourced

RO technology is particularly

any particular products and

provide to customers and this

as we want to identify and address any problems that may arise during the course of plant

model is generally embraced by them.

What specialised services do you offer? Our complete own, operate & maintain offering is a major market differentiator, as it demonstrates both commitment to our customers and confidence in our product and service offering. Our ability and commitment to shaping the ideal solution to our customers individual requirements also provide further differentiation.

Distributed water infrastructure NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

Rare Water Treatment offers tailor made electro-chemical treatment solutions that can HDVLO\ EH FRQĂ&#x20AC; JXUHG DQG LQVWDOOHG WRJHWKHU with conventional treatment processes to offer treatment for a wide variety of applications. Fast implementation and small footprint allows plants to be installed and maintained with minimal impact and cost.

HEAD OFFICE: 011 906 8000 DURBAN: 031 902 2440 RARE PLASTICS: 016 362 2868

info@rare.co.za I www.rare.co.za

PANEL DISCUSSION RARE WATER TREATMENT

Hennie Roets director, Rare Group

ow do your company s plants and services oﬀer a convenient, cost-eﬀective, sustainable solution?

oxidation (EO), electro reduction

RWT focuses on

(ER), electro aeration (EA) and

manufacturing only

electro ﬂocculation (EF).

the electrochemical water treatment units. The

to? RWT focuses on acidic

HR Rare Water Treatment

combinations of treatments

company has formed strategic

coal mine water. The focus is

(RWT) technology presents

are used to treat complex

alliances with various water

to remove metals and reduce

electrochemical water

wastewater streams.

treatment companies to assist

sulphate with minimal, or no,

with technical consulting,

chemical addition. In this regard,

engineering, ancillary plant

RWT partnered with one of the

supply and building of the

world s largest mining groups.

total solution.

A tailor-made solution for coal

containerised modular plants.

What types of water do your plants treat;are they adaptable and how are they specialised? Apart from

The major beneﬁts are:

state-of-the-art electrode design

a large coal-washing plant. This

• fast into action ‒ six to

tailored to speciﬁc requirements

How do these products ﬁt within SANS speciﬁcations?

eight weeks for equipment

for every application, the RWT

RWT s electro oxidation solution

at operating costs of less

delivery and operational in

technology oﬀers very special

for disinfection carries a

than R4/m3.

one week after arrival on-site,

power electronics to reduce

SANS certiﬁcation.

depending on the complexity

power consumption to lower

of the application

than ever in the industry. This

Single treatments or

treatment in various forms. Apart from fully integrated, permanently installed treatment plants, RWT also oﬀers

Which applications and markets does your company cater

mines is about to go on trial at treatment was achieved

Apart from the acidic coal mine water, RWT also provides

What services does your company oﬀer and how does your customer engagement deliver client assurance?

tailor-made water treatment

applications, a combination of

RWT oﬀers build, operate and

require development work

treatment demand as and

ER, EC and EO is used to reduce

maintain scenarios but also

as each application will vary

when needed

metals to less than 0.1 mg/ℓ

outright purchases. In the case

from site to site. The initial

• simple to operate and maintain

and simultaneously reduce

of outright purchases, RWT

bench-scanning work is usually

• low running costs ‒ complex

sulphate up to 70% of the

supplies the full value chain

followed by a plant trial in order

original loading

of project implementation

to prove the concept. This

services. Included in this are

process is normally followed as

EC process has been used

remote monitoring, fault ﬁnding

reference sites rarely answer all

contributing to sustainability,

to cause good separation in

and corrective action supplied

customer concerns.

and a low carbon footprint

the most stubborn colloidal

on a 24/7 basis.

• decentralised roll-out possible

world-class solution is rolled out

as very little civil work

for the following applications:

is needed

• acid mine water: in coal mine

• scalable to meet growing

water can be treated at less than R2/m3 • low power demand,

• simple, proven equipment with few moving parts • a low volume of sludge is

• stable colloidal solutions: an

The RWT containerised

situation. A clear overﬂow of less than 1 ppm TSS was

modular units are very simple

achieved continuously

to operate and maintain. In

created through the process

where the previous scenario

addition, the company oﬀers full

and the sludge formed settles

was constantly more than

training packages as part of its

easily and dewaters quickly

100 ppm TSS

service oﬀering.

• ﬂocs created through the

landﬁll leachate and cyanide destruction. These EO solutions

RWT technology presents electrochemical water treatment in various forms. This easy-tohandle 1.2 Mℓ/d pilot plant is ready to be installed as part of a trial at a large coal water treatment plant

• organics: an EC and EO

electrochemical process are

application, where organic

larger and so contain less

and inorganic contamination

bound water; they are stable

was treated together, had

and settle faster

been implemented on a

• most feed water quality

solutions to address COD,

landﬁll leachate application.

variations can be handled

Metals were reduced to below

during continuous operation

required levels while chemical

• high level of water recovery

oxygen demand (COD) was

‒ up to 99% water recovery

reduced to less than 2 mg/ℓ

is achieved.

and ammonia was reduced to less than 0.5 mg/ℓ.

What key technologies does your company oﬀer? RWT s applications of electrochemical

What partnerships has your company established to increase its product oﬀering?

water treatment (ECWT).

RWT does not manufacture any

Rare s ECWT consists of electro

ancillary equipment needed

coagulation (EC), electro

in water puriﬁcation solutions.

technology consists of various

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

PANEL DISCUSSION Ian Lemberger

VEOLIA WATER TECHNOLOGIES ow do your company s plants and services oﬀer a convenient, cost-eﬀective, sustainable solution?

general manager – engineered systems, Veolia Water Technologies SA

sea or brackish water as a

Veolia

feed source

manufactures

• a packaged range of domestic

numerous products

supplier partnerships, providing access to

sewage treatment plants

for the water treatment

a multitude of technologies

IL Some of Veolia s plants

using new generation

industry including evaporators,

and products including

advantages include:

trickling ﬁlter technology

pressure vessels, strainers,

pumps, instrumentation,

chemicals, aeration systems,

valves, evaporators, DAF,

• a complete turnkey solution

• customised, containerised

including design, fabrication

treatment plants are designed

clariﬁers and ﬁltration systems.

etc. The network creates

and installation as well as

to meet speciﬁc client

Veolia is ISO 9001:2008 certiﬁed

a global knowledge and

a technical services team

requirements for both process

and utilises a strict quality

service resource from which

that provides after-sales

and service water applications.

management system to ensure

Veolia has direct access to

required quality parameters

provide the best solution and

What key technologies does your company oﬀer?

are monitored and controlled

service possible.

servicing and maintenance of plants throughout sub-Saharan Africa

from start to ﬁnish. Source

Our current containerised

products, including pressure

solutions allows for quick

treatment trains include, but

vessels, pumps, motors,

How do these products ﬁt within SANS speciﬁcations?

delivery to clients

are not limited to:

membranes, instrumentation,

Many of the products are

• clariﬁcation

valves, chemicals and others,

manufactured outside

testing prior to release for

• ﬁltration

are sourced from reputable

South Africa and therefore

product performance and

• membrane technology

suppliers and OEMs, both

meet European, American

(including reverse osmosis,

locally and internationally,

or equivalent quality

ultraﬁltration and more)

that are required to meet strict

speciﬁcations. The majority

• the availability of stock plant

• complete factory acceptance

quality control • the modular nature of our plants allows for a plug-and-

• ion exchange

quality control standards,

of these speciﬁcations are

play installation, with room

• disinfection.

including ISO, ASME, AWS,

referred to by the relevant

SABS, ANSI, and NSF.

SANS speciﬁcations and

for future expansion as well as the ability to transfer to alternative sites if required • a robust and complete design results in minimal on-site work, reducing downtime and minimising required

What speciﬁc products and components does your company manufacture and what are the quality indicators that your clients must know about?

follow similar quality

What partnerships has your company established to increase its product oﬀering? Veolia has a global network of subsidiaries and

control requirements.

Which applications and markets does your company cater to? Modular plants are

user input and maintenance

suitable for mining applications

needs. We use only renowned

(processes, camps and villages),

OEM suppliers for all

small towns, temporary

our equipment

installations, schools, resorts, lodges, housing, golf

• sustainable solutions are

estates, etc.

achieved through continuous improvement in the design A systems-based design

Do you specialise in any speciﬁc applications?

approach to our projects

Veolia is able to provide

means products are designed

solutions across all industries

for more than clients current

by customising these

needs, but in a way that

solutions to meet clients

ensures our products last their

speciﬁc requirements. The

entire life cycle ‒ providing for

products advantage is that

clients future needs as well.

it can be applied across

of our packaged solutions.

multiple industries for

What types of water do your plants treat; are they adaptable and how are they specialised? Veolia oﬀers a

numerous applications.

ABOVE LEFT An inner view of one of Veolia’s complete containerised water treatment plants

range of containerised water treatment solutions including: • a packaged range of potable

LEFT One of Veolia’s packaged plants on-site showing its plugand-play capability

water treatment plants for use with surface, borehole,

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

Davey have water disinfection covered.

Experts in water.

From using your collected rainwater, bore water or well water Davey has a range of pumps to get water for use in and around your home. We can also help you treat your water for safe use in your bathroom, laundry or for great tasting water in the kitchen. From manual dosing ^P[O SPX\PK [V WVPU[ VM LU[Y` ÄS[YH[PVU <= HUK ^H[LY ZVM[LUPUN Z`Z[LTZ 0[ PZ LHZ` [V [YLH[ HSS PUJVTPUN ^H[LY PU[V [OL OVTL [V LUZ\YL ^H[LY clarity and safety for your family at every tap. +H]L`»Z OVTL >H[LY 7\YPÄLYZ HYL H]HPSHISL PU IV[O JV\U[LY[VW HUK \UKLY ILUJO Z[`SLZ ÔPSL [OL YHUNL VM -PS[LYW\YL JHY[YPKNLZ HUK OV\ZPUNZ HYL WLYMLJ[ MVY ZPUNSL [HW VY ÔVSL VM OV\ZL ^H[LY ÄS[YH[PVU ^P[O [OL JHY[YPKNLZ YLTV]PUN SHYNLY ZLKPTLU[ YPNO[ KVÛ [V J`Z[Z ;OL JHYIVU ÄS[YH[PVU VW[PVUZ HSZV OLSW [V remove unwanted tastes and odours from your water.

;V ÄUK V\[ TVYL HIV\[ [OL +H]L` YHUNL VM WYVK\J[Z ZWLHR [V `V\Y SVJHS +H]L` 4HZ[LY +LHSLY ^OV ^PSS NSHKS` HZZPZ[ `V\ ^P[O `V\Y ^H[LY YLX\PYLTLU[Z Gauteng: 011 397 7723 | Western Cape: 021 907 2500 | Kwazulu-Natal: 031 563 8807 | Eastern Cape: 041 451 0026

QUALITY FIRE SOLUTIONS

+H]L` PZ L_JS\ZP]LS` KPZ[YPI\[LK I` :HMLX\PW

PANEL DISCUSSION Malcolm Corns

SAFEQUIP

brand product manager, Davey Water Products Southern Africa

ow do your company s plants and services oﬀer a convenient, cost-eﬀective, sustainable solution? MC For

in water temperature during

then automatically

showers, Torrium 2 uses

blocks oﬀ the

its intelligence to provide

mains, using

households with constant ﬂow

rainwater instead. This eﬀects

invested signiﬁcantly in

80 years Davey Water Products

to give even water pressure. It

savings of up to between 40%

creating product awareness,

have provided innovative and

does this with i ts innovative

and 50% on domestic water

warehousing of stock and spare

dependable water solutions

pressure and ﬂow sensors to

usage. The technology was

parts, developing product

wherever and whenever our

start the pump on a pressure

pioneered in Australia and,

support and training for

customers need them. So, it

drop and to stop it on low ﬂow

in most parts of Australia, tax

customers as well as staﬀ.

goes without saying, everything

( 1 ℓpm). This avoids pump

rebates are given to domestic

about the Davey brand revolves

cycling when there is continuing

users who have ﬁtted a RainBank

around modernisation and

household demand for water.

between their mains and their

taking products one step further

For example, when someone

rainwater tanks.

market channels. Safequip has also

What services does your company oﬀer and how does your customer engagement deliver client assurance? This

to make sure that the water we

in a house uses a shower and

drink is safe.

someone else ﬂushes the

domestic use either. It can be

is such an easily installed plug-

toilet, there is invariably a dip

ﬁtted to anything up to a large

and-play range of products,

What types of water do your plants treat; are they adaptable and how are they specialised? Davey

in pressure of the water. What

hotel or business park.

which doesn t require a great

provides a variety of plug

The RainBank isn t only for

amount of expertise to install.

the Torrium 2 does is realise

That said, our customer is the

require by the pump. By doing

What are the quality indicators that your clients must know about? Davey s

and play packaged systems

this, it maintains the same

global warranty rate for last year

dedicated dealer network

with the biggest being the

pressure throughout the system

was 0.02% so it goes without

as well as plumbers and

Acquashield Max, which is a

and ultimately creates constant

saying that Davey is a quality

contractor companies.

complete solution for domestic

ﬂow. This means that four or ﬁve

brand. Davey is a market leader,

or commercial applications. It

diﬀerent outlets can work at the

exporting to over 50 countries

comprises ﬁltration, with both a

same time and the Torrium 2 will

internationally where our

What specialised services do you oﬀer? As a distributor,

20 micron and a 1 micron ﬁlter

automatically realise the various

products perform in some of the

the company s main priority is

being utilised, a sterilising UV

increases needed and adjust

world s toughest environments.

support. We provide support,

disinfection system, a pressure

accordingly to maintain the right

pump and then either a Torrium

pressure levels.

that there is additional pressure required and ups the demand

tradesman, so we provide extensive support to our

as mentioned, to our dealer

on these technologies are found

just for domestic applications.

What partnerships has your company established to increase its product oﬀering?

later in this article).

Davey s HM pump range, ﬁtted

Safequip is the sole distributor

support, training and the like.

with the Torrium 2, can handle

of Davey Water Products in

We also support our dealers and

provide a one-stop solution to

up to 500 litres per minute at

Southern Africa.

customers when specifying and

puriﬁed, safe, drinking water.

over 4.5 bar pressure.

or a RainBank attached (details

Together, the components

It can be used for rain- or river

And the Torrium 2 is not

There were a lot of similarities

This is not the only innovative

network as well as customers. This is done through ongoing marketing, service and product

quoting on large projects to

between the Australian and

ensure the right pump is used,

water and most cases people

product in Davey s range. Also

South African market conditions

the right solution is provided

drawing water from a river or

available are Deep Well and

and Davey realised that it could

for and that the installation

borehole into a tank ﬁtted with

Shallow Well Jet Pumps, for

grow its footprint in this country

is successful.

an Aquashield Max, create a

sucking water out of wells and

by entering into a strategic

complete system to provide a

boreholes. These too can be

partnership with a distributor

completely oﬀ-grid solution.

ﬁtted with a Torrium 2.

that is well-positioned and was

What key technologies does you company oﬀer?

is of particular interest for the

Davey was instrumental in the

is the RainBank Rainwater

development of variable-speed

Harvesting automatic controller.

drives, which propelled press

When this product is added

controllers for pressure pumps

to a water treatment system,

to a whole new level of eﬃcacy.

operation becomes seamless.

There is not a press controller

The smart action of the RainBank

on the market that can compete

allows it to detect when water

with Davey s patented Torrium 2,

is being used to ﬂush a toilet or

especially at it s price point. To

run a washing machine (basically

prevent annoying ﬂuctuations

any grey-water application) and

Another Davey product, which

Torrium 2 controller

already operating within key

harsh South African climate,

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

TECHNICAL PAPER

Enhancing Johannesburg WWTW’s sludge digestion The recent increases in electricity tariffs imposed by Eskom have had a direct bearing on the cost of wastewater treatment in Johannesburg and could lead to an additional financial burden for the water services authority (WSA) and water services provider (WSP) in the future. By Shaun Deacon

In order to obtain the maximum

rise from 81 c/m3 in 2013 to above

beneﬁt from the operation of the

124 c/m3 by 2020. This probable

existing

digesters,

increase will place an additional

implementation of the following

ﬁnancial burden on both the WSA

additional

(City of Johannesburg) and the WSP

mesophilic treatment

processes

(Johannesburg Water SOC Limited).

were recommended: • thicken the digester feed sludge from 2.5% dry solids concentration

Cost of wastewater treatment

to between 5% and 6%, using

gravity belt thickeners

(JW) began implementation of a

• lysis the waste activated

combined heat and power (CHP)

TABLE 1 Volatile solids loading rate

ORDER

Johannesburg

Water

sludge cell membranes using

programme that would assist in

ultrasound technology

reducing the impact of this ﬁnan-

• remove the potential for struvite

cial burden. In 2013, JW treated

precipitation by the recovery of

998 Mℓ per day of wastewater, 249

nitrogen and phosphorus from

dry tonnes of sludge and consumed

the digested sludge, prior to

17.5 MWe of electricity at their six wastewater treatment works. The

sludge dewatering.

ABOVE Struvite deposits can severely affect pipe performance

2010,

safeguard

This

article

against this potential burden,

ous

technologies

works had the potential to generate

Johannesburg Water has em-

Johannesburg Water for the en-

9.5 MWe of electricity by enhancing

barked on the implementation

hancement of the existing digester

their sludge digestion operations.

of a combined heat- and power-gen-

operation in order to fully comply

Fifty-four percent of the electricity

eration programme, using biogas

with the 2006 Sludge Guidelines,

required for wastewater treatment

produced at their wastewater treat-

increase biogas production and elec-

could have been generated on-site

ment works.

trical power generation and control

and resulted in a saving of R80 mil-

struvite precipitation.

lion in electricity supply costs.

Water had the potential to generate

Introduction

CHP generation programme

9.5 MW of electricity. This would have

The recent increases in electricity

The revised Sludge Guidelines were

accounted for 54% of the treatment

tariﬀs imposed by Eskom have had

promulgated by the Department

works electrical power requirements

a direct bearing on the operational

of Water Aﬀairs in March 2006 and

and resulted in a saving of R80 mil-

cost of wastewater treatment in

these guidelines now form part

lion in electricity supply costs.

Johannesburg and the cost could

of the Johannesburg wastewater

In 2013, the ﬁve large treatment

describes

the

evaluated

vari-

ﬁve

large

wastewater

treatment

works operated by Johannesburg

treatment works licence conditions.

DIGESTER FEED SOLIDS CONC.

12 DAYS RETENTION

15 DAYS RETENTION

20 DAYS RETENTION

One of the ten options oﬀered in the

2.5%

1.5 kg VS/m

1.2 kg VS/m

0.9 kg VS/m

guidelines, for sludge stabilisation,

5.0%

3.0 kg VS/m3

2.4 kg VS/m3

1.8 kg VS/m3

5.5%

3.3 kg VS/m3

2.6 kg VS/m3

2.0 kg VS/m3

6.0%

3.6 kg VS/m3

2.9 kg VS/m3

2.1 kg VS/m3

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

was anaerobic digestion and this option was considered the most cost eﬀective and sustainable process for Johannesburg.

TECHNICAL PAPER In order to comply with the new Sludge Guidelines, JW had to embark on a major sludge digester refurbishment

programme

that

included structural repair and the installation of heating and mixing equipment at Northern, Olifantsvlei and Goudkoppies Works. New mesophilic sludge digesters have been recently installed at both Driefontein and Bushkoppie Works. During 2013, the successful installation of a 1.14 MWe CHP unit at Northern Works led to the decision to extend the programme to Driefontein Wastewater Treatment Works by the installation of 2 x 380

kWe

reciprocating

engines.

The experience gained from the

the following could be achieved if

production. Some of the advantages

Northern Works digester and CHP

the digester feed sludge were to be

of incorporating cell lysis technology

operations identiﬁed areas of con-

further thickened:

into the existing sludge digestion

cern and the need to implement

• The volatile solids loading rate

operation are:

solutions

for

improved

sludge

could be increased from 1.2 kg VS/

thickening, cell lysis and control of

m3of digester capacity to 2.6 kg VS/

struvite precipitation.

m3 at a 15 day solids retention time. • Volatile solids reduction during the

Enhancement of the sludge digestion operation All

Johannesburg s

treatment

works incorporate the biological

• An increase in the carbon available for biogas production. • Enhanced electrical power generation.

sludge digestion process could be

• A reduction in digester foaming.

increased by about 25%.

• A reduction in the mass of digested

• The solids retention time in existing digesters would be increased.

nutrient removal (BNR) process for

sludge produced. • Improved sludge stabilisation and a reduction in odour and

wastewater treatment. Fermentation

Sludge thickening methods

of primary sludge and controlled

In order to thicken the waste acti-

In order to decide on which cell

solids

vector attraction.

vated sludge further, the following

lysis technology to include in the

biological nutrient removal process

processes were investigated:

enhanced

but, at the same time, also reduces

• Dissolved air ﬂotation (DAF)

gramme, the following processes

carry-over

enhances

the

the amount of waste fermented sludge available for biogas production. The digester feeds therefore

‒ 2 variants.

sludge

digestion

pro-

were investigated:

• Gravity belt thickeners (GBT) ‒ 5 variants.

• Thermal hydrolysis ‒ 2 variants • Thermo chemical hydrolysis ‒ 1

consist mainly of waste activated

• Rotary drum ‒ 1

sludge (WAS) which is thickened

• Thickening press ‒ 1

from an average 0.35% dry solids

All of the above processes require

• Ultrasound/ultrasonic ‒ 2 variants

concentration to 2.5% in concrete

polymer addition with the DAF

• Electric pulse ‒ 2 variants

gravity thickeners.

system requiring the lowest dosing

• Chemical treatment ‒ 1

rate. Due to past experience with

• Mechanical shearing ‒ 1

• Mechanical disintegration

Additional sludge thickening

GBTs in Johannesburg and that

The present problem with the steady

redundant GBTs were available for

production of biogas at Northern

refurbishment on the works, it was

Works is that the digesters are

decided that this mode of sludge

being fed with gravity-thickened

thickening was the most cost-eﬀec-

waste activated sludge of < 2.0%

tive option and carried the least risk

dry solids concentration. The feed

for Johannesburg Water.

‒ 2 variants

FIGURE 1 (above) Escalating costs of wastewater treatment BELOW Launch of cogeneration at the Johannesburg Northern WWTW

sludge therefore contains an excessive amount of water and it is

Cell lysis

necessary to increase the digester

Cell lysis involves the breakdown

feed

from

of cell clusters and disintegration

< 2.0% to between 5% and 6% in

of the cell membrane of waste

order to enhance the volatile solids

activated sludge prior to sludge

reduction and biogas production

digestion, which allows the release

rates. Information obtained from

of the organic fraction to be read-

a literature survey indicated that

ily available for enhanced biogas

solids

concentration

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

TECHNICAL PAPER operation in a cost-eﬀective and eﬃcient manner, a combination of technologies is required. After thoroughly investigating the suitability of the various technologies available for sludge thickening, cell lysis and struvite recovery, the following recommendations were made: • Thicken the WAS, using existing gravity thickeners, to achieve a solids concentration of 2.5%. • The gravity-thickened WAS is to be further thickened to between 5% and 6% dry solids concentration, using gravity belt thickeners. • The thickened WAS is lysed using

Examples of severe struvite accumulation

ultrasound technology. Valuable process and operational

dewatering

information was provided by litera-

prevent the struvite forming, ferric

waste fermented sludge and

ture surveys, presentations by local

salts or alum salts or commercial

recovered fats, oils and greases

agents and contact with overseas

additives are dosed into the digest-

(FOG) before being fed to the

users of some of the above technolo-

er feed to chemically precipitate

gies. The results of the investigations

phosphorus and so prevent struvite

indicated that the ultrasound option

crystals from forming after the

operation, the digested sludge is

was probably the most cost-eﬀective

digestion process.

passed through a MAP recovery

and suitable cell lysis technology

and,

However, this process does not prevent

for Johannesburg.

equipment

high

concentrations

existing mesophilic digesters. • After the sludge digestion

process for ammonia and phosphorus removal.

ammonia in the sludge dewatering

• The sludge is then dewatered on

Sludge treatment operation

liquors from being recycled back

existing belt filter presses, solar

It is anticipated that the following

to the bioreactors for treatment,

dried, composted and screened

could be achieved by enhance-

which could lead to ﬁnal eﬄuent

ment

non-compliances.

the

existing

sludge

treatment operations:

before final disposal. • The recovered struvite crystals

The recovery of both nitrogen

• 25% increase in volatile solids

and phosphorus from the digested

reduction during digestion.

sludge can be achieved by the

can either be blended with the compost or used separately as a slow-release fertiliser.

• 25% increase in biogas production.

controlled precipitation of struvite

The recommended sludge treat-

• 15% increase in electrical

crystals. Since magnesium is the

ment processes are to be installed

limiting element for struvite precipi-

tation, magnesium ions are added to

Treatment Works in order to verify

the digested sludge to increase the

the assumptions made for digester

magnesium concentration.

volatile solids loading, volatile solids

power generation. • 20% decrease in digested sludge production. • 50% to 55% decrease in the wastewater treatment electrical

the

Driefontein

Wastewater

In most cases, after magnesium

reduction, volume of biogas pro-

enhancement, phosphorus becomes

duced, electrical energy generated

the limiting factor in struvite pre-

and the reduction in the mass of

Struvite precipitation (MAP)

cipitation. Although phosphorus in

digested sludge to be dewatered.

Struvite is commonly referred to

the digested sludge is reduced to

as MAP (magnesium, ammonium,

low concentrations by controlled

phosphate) and during the digestion

struvite precipitation, test results

Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions

process, phosphorus is released from

also indicate that in excess of 90% of

By implementation of an enhanced

cells and ammonia produced by the

the ammonia concentration in the

sludge

reduction in volatile solids concen-

digested sludge can be removed at

Driefontein Works, it is estimated

tration. Struvite precipitates after

a pH of 9.0 and a MAP mole ratio of

that the following reduction in

the sludge digestion process by the

between 1:1:1 and 1.2:1:1.

greenhouse gas emissions would

power costs.

digestion

operation

be achieved.

entrainment of air mainly through

The recovery of struvite crystals for

turbulence in pipelines and pumps,

use as a slow-release fertiliser was

• CO2

6 690 tonnes/annum

an increase in pH through CO2 strip-

being investigated by JW.

• SO2

113 tonnes/annum

ping and a MAP mole ratio of 1:1:1.

• The lysed WAS is combined with

• NOX

31 tonnes/annum

• CH4

26 tonnes/annum

• CO

20 tonnes/annum.

Struvite precipitation

Enhanced sludge treatment operation

Struvite forms crystals in pipelines,

In order to enhance the existing

If all ﬁve large treatment works in

pumps, sludge storage tanks and

mesophilic

Johannesburg

sludge

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

digestion

incorporated

the

TECHNICAL PAPER enhanced digestion operation, the reduction in greenhouse

Torrium®2

gas emissions would then be: • CO2

146 000 tonnes/annum

• SO2

2 480 tonnes/annum

• NOX

672 tonnes/annum

• CH4

582 tonnes/annum

• CO

438 tonnes/annum

SMARTER

than the average water pressure controller.

Conclusions Future increases in electricity tariffs will place an addition financial burden on the WSA and WSP, especially for power-intensive activated-sludge-type processes. An improved anaerobic sludge digestion operation enables wastewater treatment plants to fully comply with the 2006 Sludge Guidelines, increase biogas production and enhance CHP generation. The introduction of additional sludge thickening from 2.5% to between 5% and 6%, enables the volatile solids loading rate to be increased from 1.2 kg VS/m3 to 2.6 kg VS/ m3 at a solids retention time of 15 days in the digesters. This substantially reduces the digester capacity required for sludge stabilisation. Cell lysis of thickened waste sludge increases the organic carbon available for the enhancement of biogas production and on-site electrical power generation. Precipitation of struvite immediately after the digestion process, allows the digested sludge treatment operation to function without blockages to pipelines, pumps and sludge dewatering equipment. It also prevents high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus, in the dewatered sludge filtrate, from being recycled to the bioreactors which could cause effluent non-compliances. The proposed enhancement of the sludge digestion operation would ensure reductions in future electricity supply costs for wastewater treatment. The reduction in greenhouse gas emissions is dependent on the amount of kWh of electricity produced, and large reductions in CO2 emissions could be achieved by the wastewater treatment works incorporating CHP generation from the biogas they produce.

A view of the piping system connecting to the generators at the Johannesburg Northern WWTW

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PLANT & EQUIPMENT

Reduce treatment energy costs

Pieter van Wyk, Atlas Copco business line manager. Recognising a market need, Atlas Copco developed an air blower solution based on its oil-free screw technology which uses internal compression instead of external compression, a technology which Van Wyk says is superior to any other traditional blower technology.

(less than 80dB, high controllability,

ment enables us to oﬀer the market an

Technique,

easy installation, low maintenance

alternative low-pressure blower which

and long equipment life.

runs at a similar duty to traditional

low-pressure

ZS and ZS+ variable speed drive

This develop-

TLAS Copco s Compressor

(VSD)

air

blower

Low-pressure

lobe-technology units, but includes all

range with twin screw design is

widely used for applications such as

of the features and beneﬁts associated

based on the company s pioneered

waste water aeration at treatment

with modern screw compressors.

oil-free screw technology improving

plants,

pneumatic

The ZS range integrates the proven

energy eﬃciency in the low-pressure

conveying of dry powders, ﬂue-gas

beneﬁts of screw technology and will

compressed air market.

dilute

compressed

phase

air

desulphurisation of emission stacks

cut energy costs by an average of

Productivity solutions Group Atlas

and similar. The blower market for

30% when compared twin-lobe and

Copco s industrial air division s pos-

small volume ﬂows has been largely

root-type blowers. Although the ZS

itive displacement blowers provide

dominated by blower technology

blower does not represent the lowest

a continuous and reliable supply of

such as twin-lobe and Roots-type

capital cost solution on the market,

100% oil-free air, TÜV-certiﬁed accord-

(typically used for early turbochargers

these signiﬁcant energy cost savings

ing to ISO 8573-1 CLASS 0 (2010), of-

in vehicles) which has not seen any

associated with the eﬃciency of a

fering customers the beneﬁts of high

major technical improvements over

screw compressor lowers the life-cycle

eﬃciency, reliability, quiet operation

the past 50 years,

costs substantially.

according to

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

PRODUC T NEWS

Sealant shows its sinews The Midvaal Water Company in Stilfontein needed specialised joint sealing at a filter unit that contributes to the provision of bulk water to a 900 km2 area in the North West.

HE FILTER UNIT consists of precast concrete slabs that form a suspended ﬂoor to carry ﬁlter sand media.

Filtered water passes through noz-

Realising that the joint sealant originally specified would not be viable, engineers turned to Sika for a solution

zles in the concrete slabs to a holding sump from which it is pumped into

suitable for expansion, construction

a chemical treatment facility prior to

and connection joints as well as for

being distributed to the surrounding

cracks and, once ﬁxed to the joint,

areas. The project objective was to

allows irregular and high movement

prevent sand from passing through

in more than one direction, while

the joints, which would contaminate

still maintaining the seal s integrity.

the ﬁltered water passing through the nozzles into the sump.

Product application Contractor

Multi

Contracts

Project

Specialists

Botjheng Water, a company with the

Combiﬂex SG system to the ﬁlter

core focus of water and wastewater

unit, consisting of 24 ﬁlter segments,

bulk

construction,

each made up of two ﬁlter banks.

consulted on the sealing around

A total of 1 838.4 m was applied

and between the nozzles of the ﬁlter

as product consumption per ﬁlter

unit. Realising that the joint sealant

bank measured 38.3 m. Although

originally speciﬁed would not be

Combiﬂex tape is available in a

viable, engineers turned to Sika for a

variety of widths and thicknesses,

solution. Botjheng Water conducted

the 150 mm x 2 mm tape speciﬁed

various tests on samples supplied

had to be cut to 130 mm wide to

to them by the chemicals company

accommodate

to determine the amount of pres-

requirements around and between

sure the system could withstand in

the nozzles. Water testing was then

comparison to the site requirements.

undertaken, resulting in all 48 ﬁlter

Finally the Sikadur-Combiﬂex SG

banks passing the ﬁrst test.

infrastructure

system was the product accepted and approved.

applied

the

Sikadur-

site-speciﬁc

The system is easy to install and suitable for both dry and damp

The Sikadur-Combiﬂex SG system

concrete surfaces and is extremely

comprises a modiﬁed ﬂexible poly-

ﬂexible. It performs well within a

oleﬁn (FPO) waterprooﬁng tape that

wide range of temperatures and is

is glued in place with Sikadur-31

weather-, water- and root-resistant.

CF, a moisture-tolerant, thixotropic

Besides being resistant to many

advanced adhesive based on a com-

chemical substances, the product

bination of epoxy resins and special

also comes with approval for potable

ﬁllers. This joint-sealing system is

water suitability.

TOP RIGHT Before sealing with the SikadurCombiflex SG system RIGHT During and after applying Combiflex

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

PRODUC T NEWS

‘Gumtree’ for plant parts One of South Africa’s most well-known spare parts manufacturers for water plant components has taken a giant leap forward. Frances Ringwood finds out more.

OOL MIGHT not be the

process for replacing or sourcing

first word one thinks of

new measuring instruments.

agreed pricing conditions, the system comes with all the traditional web-based pluses. These include cli-

when looking at ways to source parts for process

Reordering

ents being able to track their orders

applications.

global

Many businesses the world over

in real time using online tracking

instrumentation,

are seeing the benefits of creating

and having the ability to see past

orders. That simplifies reordering

Endress+Hauser has just launched a

extending their online offerings.

the same parts by using saved

cool concept that takes the pain out

Endress+Hauser

product lists.

of parts sourcing.

boasting the capability of bringing

control

measurement services

and

But

solutions

provider

streamlined is

service

different,

The company recently launched

benefits to clients from across the

Support and design

an online shop, which, it says, will

organisation, with its online shop.

Of course, when specifying equip-

guarantee maximum availability,

Replacing or sourcing new instru-

ment

mainte-

ments as products, therefore, can be

treatment application, just hop-

nance and spare part management .

quickly and easily configured, creat-

ping on the Internet and ticking

The main factor influencing the

ing a time benefit for maintenance

a few product boxes really isn t

company s decision to create the

staff. The system also enables better

enough. That s why the designers

platform is the observation that

supply-chain

of Endress+Hauser s online shop

production

stops.

delivery times and prices are clearly

have made it possible for products

Intelligent spare part management

visible to simplify budget planning.

to be designed according to cli-

Once complete, product data can

ents unique technical needs. Also,

be forwarded to the purchasing

because delivery times and prices

department, the company adds.

for this process are immediately

streamline

purchasing,

never

indispensable

maximum facility.

really to

availability

guarantee of

the

Also important was the

management,

for

visible,

consideration that efficient spare

complicated

time-consuming

water

inquiries

part management is dependent on

Order directly online

can be significantly reduced. The

the fast restocking of spare devic-

Of course, the major benefit of the

company does, however, caution

es, spare parts and consumables.

new online shop is its simplicity.

that consultation will still be needed

Endress+Hauser has stated that its

Because

for certain, more technically ad-

online shop can

directly

streamline the

orders over

can

the

placed

Internet

with

vanced, requests.

INDEX TO ADVERTISERS

AECOM

Headstream Water Holdings

Royal HaskoningDHV

APE Pumps

ImproChem

Safequip

JoJo Tanks

SBS Water Systems

Atlas Copco

Aquaplan Water Treatment Engineering

Kaytech

SEW Eurodrive

IBC

Aquatan

Krohne South Africa

The Rare Group

DPI Plastics

Mather + Platt

Veolia Water Solutions & Technologies 54

Elster Kent

Nalco

IFC

Water & Sanitation Services

NuWater

Water Puriﬁcation Chemical & Plant

Festo

Rainbow Reservoirs

WorleyParsons

GIBB

Rocla

Zest WEG Group

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2014

9 57 & 61 OFC

OBC 43

Geared Motors \ Drive Electronics \ Drive Automation \ Industrial Gears \ Services

1THREAD_7028_WAT

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