MENGZHEN GUO bronthisway@foxmail.com
PROLOGUE
Architecture is not only the study of design and construction but also the entry point and medium of research in a broader sense. Architecture is the solvent that releases its potential, providing people with possible solutions after dissolving with other disciplines and knowledge fields. During my study in college, I have been exploring my design logic. This collection of works focuses on my understanding and attempts of architecture and its design methods. Whether there is a clear result orientation or a process-based logical derivation, the complexity of the architecture itself is indispensable. This complexity is embodied in the urban influence, social values, spatial functions and future uncertainty on the long axis of time. As a comprehensive representation of artificial technology, architecture also needs to keep up with the trend of the times. With the development of science and technology, how to integrate human civilization and natural environment with a new perspective to achieve the goal of harmonious coexistence is what I hope to explore in my future study.
CONTENTS
01
MUMBAI ARK
02
SOLAR CULTURAL CENTER
Future megastructure with water sustainable solution
Revitalized center based on the use of renewable natural resources
03
BIO-INSPIRED WASTE NETWORK
04
CO-PLAY LINK
05
OTHER WORKS
Food waste recycling network designed by physarum polycephalum
Invisible border for Shenzhen-Hong Kong cross-boundary students
2015 North China University of Technology Wood Construction Work Bartlett Beijing 2018 Workshop - Wearable Devices
01_ Mumbai Ark Future Megastructure With Water Sustainable Solution
Individual Work Course Assignment: Studio Alpha Open Project Plus No. 72+ Site: Mumbai, India Instructor: Qian Feng, Yang Ran Contact Email: bluesourcebeck@gmail.com June - August, 2019
"I am going to put an end to all people, for the earth is filled with violence because of them. Make rooms in it and coat it with pitch inside and out." In the Bible, God entrusted Noah to build an ark of 300 cubits long to escape from the coming flood. In India's Satapatha Brahmana, Vishnu instructed Manu to build a ship that carried life to avoid disaster. In the mythology of different religions, the first megastructure made by the human being is the ark. Nowadays, human beings are continually reclaiming resources and destroying the environment for development, which could result in the devouring of nature at any time. If the disaster is inevitable, what role can architecture play? Mumbai, India, is a city threatened by the high temperature throughout the dry season and significant rainfall during monsoon. The rising sea levels may even devour the homeland of life. Under this circumstance, the project attempts to create a living place above an ark about 200 meters long that enables Indian people from all classes to stand together through natural threats. The ark is the carrier of life, and its scale and structure provide a joyful and traditional lifestyle on the water for residents (whether they are poor or rich). The ark itself is a microcosm of Indian society, where reflectes religious diversity and mixed living patterns. To better solve the problems of drought and flood, the drainage and water purifier system are integrated into the whole ark: the excessive rainwater in the rainy season is discharged from the top down; The seawater is extracted during the dry season and purified into drinking water. The integrated operation of the drainage and harvesting system achieves the rational utilization and sustainability of water resources.
¡ Utopian Megastructure
[1] Issue To Address - Annual Monsoon Flooding And Rising Sea Levels Floods in Mumbai due to heavy rains from June to August have taken a toll of lives and resulted in economic loss. The steady sea-level rise continues to shape the land due to mangrove destruction and global climate change. These changes have put the city 's future in a perilous position. The diagram shows that flooding happens in low areas between original islands, and also happens where manmade drainage systems are insufficient, which highlights the importance of designing constructions for avoiding floods.
0 m sea level rise
site original islands
[2] The Ark For Refuge In religious allusions such as Christianity and Hinduism, the ark is the carrier of life, the symbol of salvation and rebirth. It will never be threatened by rising sea levels and f loods. The large scale and structure provide a new model of habitation, that enables the local population (rich and poor, coast and not only) to remain and pursue a lasting and joyful life on the water. When there is no f lood, ships also play an important role in transportation: transporting and traveling people from different cities along the long coastline of India, even out of the country.
30 m sea level rise
site flood areas sewage outfalls
60 m sea level rise
site flood degree
[ The Extraodinary Voyage]
site high risk areas
[ Mumbai Flood Mapping ]
Mumbai recorded 298 mm of rainfall, the highest in a day. The Western Naval Command has made arrangements to provide shelter to Mumbaikars who were left stranded after heavy rains lashed the metropolis. The Mumbai Traffic Police has identified over 200 locations under this monsoon. The highest number of flood-prone locations—58—are in the western suburbs between Bandra and Jogeshwari.
Traffic disrupted after heavy rain since Monday evening.The India Meteorological Department has predicted more rain in Mumbai and Thane over the next 48 hours. Heavy rain pounded Santacruz East on Thursday morning, affecting daily life. Several educational institutions remained closed.Officials said Puducherry has received 96.4 mm of rainfall in the 24 hours ending at 8 am on Thursday.
Once this section, which is one of the worst affected on the Central line, is raised, there will be no disruption of of services even if it rains 100 mm in 24 hours.
The city was jolted out of their extended weekend slumber after heavy rain lashed the city. Water-logging, traffic snarls and rail disruptions on the central and harbour lines made life difficult for commuters.
Dadar flooded as heavy rains lash Mumbai. Heavy rains on Wednesday lashed the metropolis, severely disrupting road, rail and suburban train services and inconveniencing lakhs of commuters and officegoers
A high tide measuring 4.81m hit the city at 2.39pm after which two cases of drowning were reported
What will happen after ten, thousands, ten-thousands years?
flood degree original islands
high risk areas
[Distribution of Social Segregation and Religionary Buildings ] roads railroads coastline
contour line public open space dwelling with income less than $600/month dwelling with income more than $2000/month major Masjid and Mandir (Hindu temple)
motobikes and tuktuk stops
wetlands
bridge
public open park
boat seaport
slum housing
fish and trade market fishing area
site
4
3
1
2
[3] Equality Before The Religion Mumbai is the fourth largest metropolitan region in the world, and the birthplace of four of the world's major religions. Rapid urban growth and growing inequality has created a global crisis in housing that increasingly segregates the rich from the poor. However, the physical and economic states do not affect the diversity of religious beliefs and practices in India. Throughout India's history, religion has been an important part of the country's culture. Religious diversity and religious tolerance are both established in the country by the law and custom, such tolerance could be understood as another phase of equality - freedom in belief, which benefits the collective well-being of all its inhabitants.
india
floods
social segregation
co-living
multireligions
same challenge
[ Poverty or wealth, we all share a common belief when confronting disaster]
Evenly distributed religion buildings
1
Om Shri Mahadev Mandir
2
Shri Sai Mandir
3
Ashraful Ulma Masjid
4
Manmala Devi Mandir
The site is characteristic of two distinct socio-economic populations : Koli (marked by yellow color) are the original settlers of Mumbai , and fishermen by trade who live in slums, while Worli (marked by dark blue color) is a new demographic drawn to this upscale neighborhood in central Mumbai with waterfront property and expensive views. The area in which they live has a strong concentration, but religious buildings ignore class differentiation and become individuals that are evenly interspersed in the map.
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Water storage and supply system during drought 34
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[4] General Arrangements This image illustrates the long section through the ark. The design mainly consists of three parts: The religion tower on the top, the ark body (hull), and the water management system.
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F
1 2 3 4 5
G
Skylight Gutter
Rotunda
Hindu temple
Stepwell
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J K
6 Mosque 7 Church 8 Colonnade 9 Pagoda 10 Shikhara
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11 Po
12 G W
13 O 14 C
religion tower 125,0m
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pray assembly + 73,5m
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view deck 40,0m 11
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promenade deck 32,5m public area and cabins 25,5m
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habitability area 19,5m
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habitability area 13,5m 21
28
launch system 6,5m sea level Âą 0,0m
22 29
30
36
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35M
N
Water drainage system during monsoon
O
ortico
Greenhouse Water purification
Outdoor Stepwell Control room
P
R
Q
15 Elevator 16 Sports Center 17 Crew quarters 18 Independent houses 19 Open hall
20 21 22 23
S
Fishing Storage Double-bottom tank Propellor
24 Water filtration devise
T
25 26 27 28 29
U
Fresh-water tank Reactor Discharge channel Branch Pipe Cofferdam
30 Feed-water pump 31 Pressure turbine 32 Collecting pipe 33 Draining pipe 34 Protector
pump - 69,0m
35 Turbine pump 36 Seawater collection
[5] The Religion Tower The religious tower is a sacred structure standing above the ark deck. India’s diverse religious system has been recreated here: people of different faiths coexist in this stage of diversification and variety, regardless of their social and economic status, and enjoy the sunshine that descends from the sky, which creates a unique “place spirit” for them.
inner and outer walls
inserted blocks
unique skylight
pure entirety
Hindu Temple
0 m sea level rise
0 m sea level rise
0 m sea level rise
0 m sea level rise
Islam Mosque
Christian Church
Buddhist Temple
m sea level Coexistence Of0 Religions
rise
By studying the layout of the four major religious buildings in India, the design combines their respective main features and pray circulation. The main praying hall of four temples is left in the most central position, which is also the most dramatic part of the lighting : a central void allows them to be illuminated at the same time but operates separately. This building unit allows light to be fundamental- the necessary concentration for the celebration of the rites and the prayers. The most intimated and pious characteristics among the people are found inside the tower.
.
[6] Water M
1 Funnel
Drinking water distribution network
This round skylight with the form of the funnel could open when needed, along with the gutter on the edges enable rainwater to enter directly and then export.
2 Stepwell This is where the rainwater is reached by descending a set of steps to the bottom level. It is a type of storage and irrigation tank that was developed in India.
3 Temporary storage tanks They are small containers found inside the entrances of the religion tower that dispose unwanted water of surface runoff and stormwater.
4 Seawater purifying devise Wa t e r i s p u r i f i e d a n d disinfected here for consumption in the ark. The device removes undesirable c hem ica ls a nd biolog ica l c ont a m i n a nt s . T he n t he purified water is delivered to the freshwater tank for further use.
One major function of the project is to cope with seasonal fluctuations in water availab with different functions are combined with the structure of the ship. Excessive rainwat to top and purified into drinking water during the drought season, tog
Management Layout
5 Greenhouse & Solar powered water desalinator
1
This solar-powered water desalinator takes salt of seawater and generates freshwater by condensation. The stackable unit made from transparent, thermo-formable polycarbonate that could work like a greenhouse.
6 Water distribution channel This channel delivers seawater coming f rom t he t u rbine pump to the endpoint in the independent houses, supplying drinking and living water to people in the ark.
2 3
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7 Water booster pump
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This pump is designed for water pressure boosting; it is supplied with a pressure tank for constant water pressure.
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8 Turbine pump
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bility in India. Drainage and harvesting systems are integrated with the whole ark. Node devices ter is discharged from top to bottom during the rainy season. Seawater is extracted from bottom gether in order to achieve the rational utilization and sustainability of resources.
T he s e a w ater is pu mp e d into the collecting pipe and transfer vertically toward the ark, while the draining pipe releases the rainwater to sea.
[7] An Ark That Benefits All Inhabitants The large scale and structure provide a new model of habitation, that enables the local population (rich and poor, coast and not only) to remain and pursue a traditional and joyful life on the water. After the basic public facilities and water supply system are established, people can spontaneously organize their houses and find the most suitable lifestyle. The open space and unified infrastructure eliminate the gap between different classes, the huge deck is also the scenery for life and activities, where people could live without fear and worry.
Religion tower
- Sharing of Sunlight Strcuture
Living up high enough, find in the
Mosque
At least one light source, within
other Everyone of us, everyone of us‌ Stepwell
Sharing the light, that's how we grow Why would hearts be fighting
Church
Aiming the heights, we pass on what we know We all know what we're living
Deck Plaza Pagoda Water Tank
Living Area
- Sharing of Life Our sweet companions Sharing your bunk on the road We never stoppend you, Companions for marvelous hours
Greenhouse Corridor
Poverty's passions, the impoverished meals we shared The fierce bonfire's glow And there, on the carpet below, Fell stars...
Performance Area
Landing Frame
Water Harvesting System
- Sharing of Water Its surface is uneven A new angle gives it meaning And we deeply need it Let it touch your soul
Drainage Pipes
The water is around you Let's share its beauty
[ Exploded Axonometric Structure]
02_ Solar Cultural Center Revitalized Center Based On The Use Of Sustanable Natural Resources
Individual Work Course Assignment: Architecture Studio(1), NCUT Site: Beijing, China Instructor: Xin Ma, Hermione Huang Contact Email: maxin@ncut.edu.cn Schoolwork in August - December 2017 Project updated in October 2019
In the 1970s, the global "energy crisis" led to the emergence of sustainable buildings. Architects use different passive and active techniques to reduce the energy needs of buildings and increase their ability to capture or generate their own energy. Sustainable architecture and related research are increasing, but the architectural form and design methods of practical projects are somewhat similar. The supposed reason could be that spatial organization, shape modelling, and energy-saving technology addition are not integrated but realized in the workflow. Is it possible to take shape, space, and technology into account from the beginning to the end to achieve the sustainable purpose of the building? The project locates in Shou Gang Industrial Heritage in western Beijing. As one of the significant iron industries in the 20th century's China, it has to revive with new functions after the shutdown in 2010. Under such background, this project attempts to design an energy-saving building which utilizes the environmental resources and solar energy to the maximum and integrated them with space and envelop. From a social perspective, an "activity stage" is open to the public that reshapes the vitality of the site with popularity. In terms of spatial layout, the project takes differences in indoor illuminance value brought by sunlight as the language of function organization. Different areas are endowed with activities that are suitable for their light and heat conditions to reduce consumption in artificial cooling and warming. Changes in the external environment will directly reflect in the interior and will influence human behaviours. Moreover, people will determine how to use these places through their innate perception and instinct of the environment, generating affordance for activities.
¡ Energy - Saving Architecture
roads building waterway
contour line site industrial heritage transport pipeline industrial cluster office and residence historical temple cooling tower blast and chimney steelwork
[ Site Environmental Analysis ]
Design Proposals And Strategies Environmental Strategies
Spatial Strategies
[ Less active and artificial energy consumption
]
[ Internal space adapted to environmental changes ]
[ Optimal orientation and geometries that best
]
[ Comfortable natural light and ventilation
]
[ Spatial organization according to daylight autonomy]
[ Revival of the derelict site by gathering people
]
and skin that combined with solar energy ] [ Structure collection devices
[
]
utilize solar energy
[ Natural resource utilization and circulation system ]
Art exhibition and theater open to the public
[ Spatial experience between darkness and lightness ]
Site Informations
N Sipin mountain
798
W
Ertong
Jinyao Nankai
er g Riv gdin Yon
Shougang
E
Xiu Pool S
Beijing major industrial heritage sites
Area of Shou Gang Industrial Heritage
Accessibility
Existing buildings and constructions
Site location and surrounding traffic
Shadow range in winter solstice
Sun path of Beijing
Related dimensions with A Grade industrial heritages
Environmental Conditions The investigation found that the northwest of the industrial area is surrounded by low buildings and derelict land, which can meet sufficient sunlight on the winter solstice. The following charts show the climatic conditions in Beijing. It can be concluded that Beijing's solar radiation is mainly concentrated in the south, which indicates the optimal orientation of building for harvesting the radiation is north-south.
Global Horizontal Radiation (Wh/m²) - Hourly Beijing, China 1 Jan 1:00 - 31 DEC 24:00
Total Radiation (kWh/m²) Beijing, China 1 Jan 1:00 - 31 DEC 24:00
Dry Bulb Temperature (C) - Hourly Beijing, China 1 Jan 1:00 - 31 DEC 24:00
Wind Rose Average wind velocity : 2.37 m/s Beijing, China 1 Jan 1:00 - 31 DEC 24:00
Relative Humidity (%) - Hourly Beijing, China 1 Jan 1:00 - 31 DEC 24:00
Psychrometric Chart Beijing, China 1 Jan 1:00 - 31 DEC 24:00
Optimal Solar Energy Receiver Geometry Test The test selected eight basic geometries of same surface area, then obtained their corresponding amount of solar radiation received throughout the year. Along with the volumen to area value, it can be concluded that trapezoid and sphere are two geometries with better space efficiency that could receive most solar radiation.
Total Radiation: 59568.45 V/A: 0.618
Total Radiation: 67807.54 V/A: 0.665
Total Radiation: 34652.69 V/A: 0.625
Optimal geometries for receiving radiation:
Total Radiation: 90278.63 V/A: 0.630
1. Trapezoid 2. Sphere
Total Radiation: 70694.20 V/A: 0.681
Total Radiation: 64312.78 V/A: 0.727
Total Radiation: 66300.90 V/A: 0.768
Total Radiation: 83471.50 V/A: 0.941
Generation Logic Maximum area for receiving solar energy, maximum use of natural resources
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
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S
Office
Car
Extend edges for selfshading
Introduce sunlight with skylights
Ouside: Sunlight Inside: Lighting Theatre
Office Office TheatreOfficeOffice Theatre TheatreTheatre OfficeParkOffice Office Office Car
CarParkCar
CarPark Park
Exhibi�on
Sphere falls into trapezoid
Car
Office
Park
Minimum structure to achieve maximum strength
S
Surface pressure analysis (red part is weak)
Integrated structure with ceiling and columns(support positions)
Skylights around sphere and at the top Theatre Theatre Theatre Office Office Office Office Office Office of columns Car Park Car Park Car Car
Maximum use of natural lighting to achieve functional requirements
Frame (skylights)
Cell (functions)
Language(illuminance levels)
Re-organization
Network
Exhibi�on
W
Exhibi�on
W
S
Exhibi�on
Two separate structural system
W
S
Exhibi�on
Sunlight exposure area of the sphere
W
S
Exhibi�on
W
S
S S
S
S
S
Space
Theatre Theatre Theatre Office Office Office Theatre Office Office Theatre Office Office Office ParkOffice Car Car Park Car Park Car ParkPark
W
Office
Structure
Exhibi�on
S
W
Exhibi�on
W
S
W
S
Exhibi�on
Combine 2 optimal geometries
W
S
Exhibi�on
S
S W
W W
S
Exhibi�on
W
S
Exhibi�on
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S
Exhibi�on
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Exhibi�on
S
Exhibi�on
General
Theatre Office Theatre Office Office Office Park Park Car Park
[ Open space illuminated by sunlight + Spherical theater illuminated by artificial lighting ] 1 Basement 2 (parking) 2 Basement 1 (office) 3 Ground floor
4 Second floor (exhibition) 5 Structure 6 Roof
7 Braced grid truss 8 Grid truss 9 Central theater
10 Galaxy hall 11 Parabolic dish support frame 13 Sun exposure area on solstice
Annual Daylight Simulation
Light Mapping With Lego
Second Floor (Exhibition Area)
Test Area
Skylights
sculpture, showcase etc furniture, crafts painting, drawing, calligraphy
Daylight Autonomy (300lux-5000lux) 72% time > 50% 300 lux Spatial Daylight Autonomy = 71.6
washroom and control room
Useful Daylight Illuminance 8.1% of time > 2500 lux UDI (100 to 2500) = 91.9%
exhibits storge and transport light-sensitive exhibits
insensitive exhibits
central theater
Ground Floor (Public Space)
Test Area
Skylights
circulation area, stairs rest room, lounge cafe, play and creative area
Daylight Autonomy (300lux-5000lux) 75% time > 50% 300 lux Spatial Daylight Autonomy = 72.9
shopping, rest room
Useful Daylight Illuminance 8.7% of time > 2500 lux
store room, washroom short-staying activities
UDI (100 to 2500) = 91.3%
long-staying activities
short-staying activities
central theater
Basement (Office Area)
Test Area
Skylights
open rest space office multi-function area
Daylight Autonomy (300lux-5000lux) 36% time > 50% 300 lux Spatial Daylight Autonomy = 35.4
Useful Daylight Illuminance 6.7% of time > 2500 lux
UDI (100 to 2500) = 92.3%
canteen, conference Working and dining area （Indoor lamplight）
Public and rest area （sunlight from top）
exhibits storage multipurpose stage
Resulted Plan
Behavior Affordance During A Day
± 0,0m
lux
2000
lux
4000
5,0m
200
500
5,0m 10.5m
6,5m
From 9 to 12 in the morning, the indoor illuminance value gradually increases as the solar elevation angle increases from 30 degrees to 90 degrees. People's activities vary from detailed or visual tasks to activities with less light requirements.
± 0,0m
lux
1800
lux
6000
± 0,0m 5,5m 150
500
6,5m
During the afternoon, the sunlight illuminate the architecture directly or obliquely. The indoor heat of different spaces vary with the change of lighting level, people could go to different spaces according to their own needs. The sphere in the center operates individually that insulates outer light and heat.
± 0,0m
lux
500
lux
600
-3,2 m 100
100
-3,9 m
-5,8 m
-4,0 m
The office area in the basement and central theater inside the sphere utilize artificial lighting as illuminance source in order to adjust lighting values according to performance and work requirements. These two areas keep open in the night.
1 5m
10m
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10m
Illuminance levels i 14 17 8 ± 0,0m
10m
10
18
6.5m
17 12
5m
0.3m
25
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22
2.5m
65m
2.5m
5m
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5m
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3
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5m
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5m
12 9
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± 0,0m
14
16 5m
Varying illuminance levels aff 17
Illuminance level from low to high Position of skylights on the roof
1 Main Stage 2 Balcony 3 The Stalls
4 Backstage
5 Galaxy Hall 6 Protected Stairway
E
7 Transition Stairs 8 Welcome Zone 9 Display Stand
10 Reception 11 Welcome Zone 12 Performance Zone
13 Art Room 14 Learning and 15 Cafe
100m 42m
8m
5m
10m
5m
in circular area and corresponding activities in different lighting ranges 9 19
7m
10
26 20
0.3m 30,0m
12
12 0.3m
21
9 24,0m 0.8
5
6
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13
4
5,5m
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3
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6,5m
19
2
5,5m
25
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± 0,0m
Stairs that shift between light and darkness (from natural lighting to artificial lighting) 0.8
27
9
10
23 6.4m
9 8
ffect people behaviour and result to the diversity of activities
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0.8
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Entry
d Reading Zone
16 Play Zone 17 Business Zone 18 Stairs
19 Mini Bar 20 Multimedia Zone 21 VIP Reception
22 Lying Room 23 Children's Activity Zone 24 VIP Reception
25 Washroom 26 Network Room 27 Elevator
Ground Floor Plan
1m
2m
5m
N
65m
14,5m
6,5m
10.4m
1
[ Solar Devices Integrated With Architecture] The octagonal solar panels are embedded in the roof facing south. The hot water generated by parabolic-dish solar concentrator is piped to the floor of the theatre, serving as a hot water heating system. Recycled paper and other materials with high thermal mass are incorporate in the ball to prevent heat escape. The louvre around skylight relieves the solar heat gain in summer, while Low-E glass in facade keep the temperature consistent. The vents around the sphere and at the top of ball ensure the ventilation within the building.
Parabolic-dish solar concentrator Parabolic dish support frame
Louver
Roof Corridor
Solar Panel
Skylight
Sustainable Designs
Natural ventilation
Daylighting surface
Maximun southward surface to collect the solar energy
Water collection
Even distribution of wind pressure cools down the building during hot days
Roof Overhang
The raindrop falls down from skylight and would be stored underfloor
Photovoltanic Panels
The overhang provides solar shading in the summer while alows absorbing heat in the winter
Parabolic-Dish Solar Concentrator
High-efficiency monocrystalline solar cells of honeycomb panels provide sufficient electricity
The dishes on the spherical surface concentrate the solar radiations from all directions toward the thermal receiver
Construction Detail Receiver Parabolic-dish solar concentrator Parabolic dish support frame
Outer membrane
Standing seam roof
Recycled paper insulation
Plywood
Steel structural frame
Recycled paper insulation
Heating circulation pipes
Damp proof membrane Plywood Horizontal timber batten Vertical timber batten
Louver
Gutter
Photovoltanic panels
Low-E glass
Glass shutter Raised corridor
Laminated timber
With the change of the external environment, the behaviour inside the building also presents a dynamic effect. These feelings are reflected in light and shadow, heat and cold, and changes in wind direction. The intensity of light and temperature can not only affect people's psychology but also unconsciously affect people's behaviour.
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1
2
24 23
3 5
4 B
6 8 26 7
Sectional Perspective This image illustrates the long section through the center. The theater and multipurpose stage inside the ball are illuminated by artificial lighting, while the activity center outside the ball is illuminated by sunlight.
1 Laminated Timber Structure
5 Rest Zone
3 Exhibition Board
7 Exhibit Storage
2 Escalator
4 Light Column
6 Display Stand
9 Conferen 11 Children
8 Public Open Space
13 Exhibitio
12 Mini Bar
The exhibition space on the second floor play the role of "urban living room", through which people communicate with the external industrial site and thus arouse people's interest in its history. The space experience is exciting as the contrast senses of the new and old, modern and traditional, light and massive impact the visitors.
30,0m
16 15 14,0m 19
21
14
8,0m
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22
13 25
12 11
9
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10 10
nce Room n's Activity Zone
14 Louvers 15 Solar Dish Concentrator
18 Galaxy Hall 15 Solar Dish Concentrator
on Wall
17 Airway
17 Airway
r
Exhibition floor 5,0m
16 Dish Support Frame
16 Dish Support Frame
19 Training Room 20 Backstage 21 Main Stage 22 Orchestra Pit
23 Projection Room 24 Auditorium 25 Rehearsal Room
26 Multipurpose Stage
Ground floor Âą 0,0m
Office floor - 4,0m Under garage - 7,0m
Illuminance level from low to high
03_ Bio-Inspired Waste Network Food Waste Recycling Network Designed By Physarum Polycephalum
Team Work Partner: Tong Yu Course Assignment: 2019 ASRI LAB "Bio-Colonized City" Site: Melbourne, Australia Instructor: Haoyi Chen, Xiaojing Zhao Contact Email: 469294042@qq.com Group work in July 2018, individually rework in September 2018
Compared to biomimicry, I prefer the word ''bio-inspired''. Bionics is an ancient study that covers a wide range of industries. After decades of theoretical and technological evolution, more people are beginning to discuss the wisdom of the biological evolution that has a duration of millions of years, which could serve as a natural reference for human history. Bio-inspired can be understood as inspiration from the biological world, not only in shape or appearance, but also in terms of biological behavior and fixed patterns at specific times. This project focuses on collective intelligence based on the growth of physarum polycephalum and at the way that it can become a design tool. Harvesting its distributed memory of unicellular without brain but with memory organism, we hypothesizing alternative ways of spatial reasoning that can redefine urbanity using the reflected urban mechanism obtained from the behavioral model of physarum. The project locates in Melbourne, the capital of the enormous waste crop country Victoria, a densely populated agricultural land where the disposal of tonnes of food waste is a common problem for both civic and the government. The zero-waste cases in other countries provide solutions: organic waste could be processed into fertilizer by composting and then applied to the farm to cultivate new vegetables and fruits, making the end a new beginning to achieve an actual recycle circulation. We set the starting point and terminal of the waste recycling network in the community, trying to establish the sustainable waste system in urban scale that digest and reuse organic waste within the region.
¡ Urban Organic Network
[Step 1] Issue To Address - Australian Waste Recycling Crisis China’s decision in 2017 to no longer be the dumping ground for the world’s recycled waste has left Australia the world's second-largest waste producing country awash in the rubbish. At the time, Australia exported about 1.3 million tonnes of recyclable material to China - about a third of recyclable plastics and paper and cardboard. As materials pile up in Australia the solution is often to send trash designated for recycling straight to landfill. China’s policy shift halved the value of recycling it collected in Australia and warned that the nation urgently needed a new national waste strategy.
Melbourne, Australia
Melbourne Current Waste And Recycling System
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1 Source of waste
Waste mainly comes from the household, commercial industry and construction demolition. In Australia, every person produces an average of 3.4 KG per day.
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2 Waste sorted into bins
Although Australia has a complete waste sorting system and most people follow it, the fact indicates "although we are doing garbage sorting every week, it feels like a scheme that actually garbages don't get reused in the country, the public is not informative about where our garbages go ''.
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3&4 Bins collection
People living in houses, flats or apartments have their own garbage bin sizes and collection timetables. The wheelie bins could be taken away by workers or automatically emptied by a mechanical arm on the waste collection truck.
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5&6 Waste transfer and recycle station
Wastes are transferred by trucks into stations and waited for further processing.
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1 According to Australian News 11Network data, 3.3 billion plastic bags, 2.6 billion plastic coffee cups and 1.3 billion plastic bottles are used throughout Australia each year. 12 13 14
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7&8&9 Waste crushing, sorting and compressing Wastes are crushed into small pieces and loaded to sorting platform by belt conveyors. The sorted garbages are compressed with machine to the form of cube.
10&11 Waste disposed into containers Waste that has been compressed is reloaded to containers.
12&13&14 Exportaion or Lanfill For many years Australia has been exporting millions of tonnes of plastic and other recyclable waste. The rest of them has piled up into hills, and most of them are plastic garbage.
[Step 2] Site Analysis - Kensington Waste Distribution Network And Waste Production Quantity Kensington is an inner suburb of Melbourne, 4 km north-west of Melbourne's central business district. Kensington’s relatively simple building structure (mainly living) provides us with favorable research conditions, as a large number of household waste production could be found. Besides, one major waste recycling center in Melbourne, Dynon Road center, is located in South Kensington. Its waste distribution and recycling network is representative of other suburbs in Melbourne.
Maribyrnong River Citylink (Toll Road)
Location of bins in Kensington
Dynon Road Waste Centre
site train stations dwelling park/greening operation radius waste bins waste station
Bins Service Area
As the world's second-largest waste-producing country, Australia produces an average of 1.1 tons of garbage per person per year, equivalent to 3.4 kilograms per day. At the 2016 Australian census, Kensington had a population of 10,812, which means there are 128,662 kilograms food waste produced every week per person.
Current Network Structure [Data coming from Melbourne Open Data Platform]
[Step 3] Experimentations With Physarum To Study The Network The Wisdom of Physarum Polycephalum Physarum polycephalum, is a slime mold that inhabits shady, cool, moist areas, and is sensitive to light; in particular, light can repel the slime mold and be a factor in triggering spore growth. A team of Japanese and Hungarian researchers has shown P. polycephalum can solve the Shortest path problem: whenever it finds a food spot in a passing place, it established a network, and then continues to forage, eventually establishing a more stable network structure to connect the food. With more than two sources, the amoeba also produces efficient networks that similar to the existing train system, and "with comparable efficiency, fault tolerance, and cost". Similar results have been shown based on road networks in the Tokyo, United Kingdom, and the Iberian peninsula.
Physarum polycephalum
Procedure of Verification
Urban Analysis
Set Points
Experiment
Result Network
Behavioral model of physarum
Digital Simulation
Space Analysis
Urban Refraction
Result Data Points
Reflected mechanism in Urban Scale
Redefine Urbanity
Given that several scientific researches have verified the intelligence of physarum polucephalum, this unicellular organism and its biological phenomena reveals possibilities for computation. Thus we hypothesize an alternative ways of spatial reasoning that can redefine urbanity using the reflected urban mechanism obtained from the behavioral model of physarum. In order to do this, we conduct observational experiments in two different scales of the organism and we test the resulted patterns by refracting through them the urban and the architectural scale. The objective of the experimentation is to find the scientific correlation between data of microcosmic organisms and macroscopical urban planning. Experiments of Physarum Growth Process We selected four points with maximal population density from the previous mapping as the physarum origins and food positions. The experimental observation was carried out for 108 hours, and the walking track of physarum was recorded in a time interval. The experimental photos of physarum foraging process are demonstrated below.
T = 4h
T = 12h
T = 20h
T = 24h
T = 30h
T = 40h
T = 50h
T = 60h
T = 70h
T = 80h
T = 90h
T = 108h
Comparison of Experimental Results By comparing the physarum foraging networks to the site of Kensington, the structure of the microcosmic organism was reflected in the urban scale. Those four points with population density more than 200 persons per hectare are corresponding to areas of wastes production. Thus an organic and efficient network in which the waste can be collected as demanded can be obtained.
cereal 1 origin 1
origin 2
cereal 2
230 per/hec 329 per/hec
255 per/hec
262 per/hec
Experiments Combined with Site
Digital Simulation of Physarum Foraging Process We introduced the final result of physarum foraging process into grasshopper for foraging trajectory simulation, and recorded the structural patterns and results under different parameters. The digital simulation can offer us a bio-analogical model for further analysis.
scatter = 20
scatter = 40
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scatter = 80
scatter = 100
scatter = 120
scatter = 140
scatter = 160
scatter = 180
scatter = 200
scatter = 220
scatter = 240
scatter = 260
scatter = 280
scatter = 300
[Step 5] Two-dimensional Analysis Of Generated Network FINAL PARAMETER Repeat Time: 300 Start Point: 3 Serving Populatin: 10000 Station Number: 9 Route Subdivision: 9
The simulated route of physarum can be controlled by changing the number of serving population, the number of waste recycle stations and the number of route subdivisions. The computation helps us to obtain different spatial analysis results. physarum route
shortest walks
proximity degree
waste density
waste discreteness
Through the simulation, a series of recycling routes were obtained by adjusting the parameters. The analysis of space network is coupled with the current wastes density of residential area with more population. Based on the wisdom of physarum, the results obtained through experiments are in good agreement with current situation: the most concentrated intersections of physarum network are corresponding to the densely populated area. This proves the scientific nature of the biological algorithm relying on such bacteria.
Serving population: 2000 Station number: 3 Route subdivision: 3
Waste density in mesh form
Shortest Walk number: 690
Proximity: 203
Serving population: 5000 Station number: 6 Route subdivision: 6
Waste density in mesh form
Shortest Walk number: 860
Proximity: 220
Serving population: 5000 Station number: 9 Route subdivision: 9
Waste density in mesh form
Shortest Walk number: 720
Proximity: 208
Serving population: 10000 Station number: 9 Route subdivision: 9
Waste density in mesh form
Shortest Walk number: 1252
Proximity: 271
[Step 6] Urban Integration - From Organic Waste Composting To Community Farms Based on the generated physarum network, we obtained 27 densely populated areas in which a lot of food waste was produced every day. We propose these points as construction sites to install the composting systems and organic farms, taking residential blocks as units, aiming to treat surplus organic food waste and recycle it rather than landfilling it. The digital simulation using algorithmic stigmergy and agent-based models leads us to the design of a self- sufficient recycling network that connects the location of composting and community farms. The selection of composting points is related to the amount of waste produced in the community. While the selection of farming points is related to the space available in Kensington.
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Waste Composting Locations
Farming Locations 1
Name: Flemington bowling club Area: 3 hectares Population Density: 5-10 p/h Disposal Waste Amount: 450 kg Composting Capacity: 270 kg
2 Name: The crescent townhouse Area: 3 hectares Population Density: 10-20 p/h Disposal Waste Amount: 450 kg Composting Capacity: 270kg
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Name: JJ Holland Park Area: 10 hectares Population Density: 5-10 p/h Disposal Waste Amount: 1.5 tons Composting Capacity: 900 kg
[Step 7] The Digital Formation Of Composting-Farming Network In view of the imperfection of the existing recycling system, we are focusing on the recycling of organic waste. Through the designed network they can be recycled within the community: after composting the food waste produced by the residents, they can grow vegetables and fruits as fertilizers on community farms, making the organic waste a sustainable resource. The original waste recycling system uses the garbage bins placed by residents as nodes for single streamline recycling. The final degradation is centralized in one center, where a large amount of garbage is compressed to be exported or landfilled. The original system is not only inconvenient for residents who miss the collecting time, but the constant influx of garbage is also likely to paralyze stations and even have caused the closure of Australia's largest recycling company because of the incapacity of disposal the waste accumulation. The design of the organic waste network is consists of three parts: residential blocks as the producer of food waste, composting nodes as midterm degradation into composts, and community farms as the receiver of composts to fertilize vegetables and fruits which can be consumed by local inhabitants. Through the calculation, Kensington produces 2 tonnes of food waste each day, which are distributed to 27 composting nodes. The generated compost can offer nutrition for 16 hectares of farms.
Compost Machine Community Farm Recycling Route Recycling Route Current Roads
Composting points
Original Recycling System
Sustainable Resource Circulation
Designed Organic Recycling Network
Farms inserted in current parks
Decentralization of Waste Management
farms start points
The dispersion of nodes helps to relieve the pressure of one-stop garbage decomposition at existing waste disposal stations, as well as to offer convenience for transportation and application. The farm points are output to the target compost points in the most efficient way through parameterized bio-inspired simulation to construct a sustainable circulation of green waste recycling network structure.
composts target points
simulation of physarum
organic waste recycling network
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Node 4
Node 5
Node 6
Node 7
Node 8
Node 9
city roads
city blocks
[ Layered Design ]
Network Generation Process
The s Do y
Yes, it is said that the fertilizer for vegetables comes from our food waste.
streets have become clean recently. you know where our waste has gone ?
I heard a new community farm was built in the JJ Holland Park, then we can eat the vegetables and fruits planted by ourselves.
I just saw the garbage being transported to those yellow buildings. Are they the new recycle centers ?
It's said on TV that food wastes in our community are going to be recycled. We gonna be the first area in Melbourne that self-sufficient in food.
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Organic waste produced within the community will be gathered and transported underground to the collecting points with compost machines inside.
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Organic waste will be transformed into fertilizer through sifting, cutting, mixing and composting.
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The processed fertilizer is transported to the community farm. The composts converted from food waste provide enough nutrients for the growth of plants and vegetables.
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Fruits and vegetables produced in the community farm will be provided to the local citizens for free.
04_ Co-Play Link Invisible Border For Shenzhen-Hong Kong Cross-Boundary Students
Individual Work Course Assignment: Studio Alpha Open Project 105 Site: Border Between Mainland China and Hong Kong Instructor: Guoguo Contact Email: guuuo@outlook.com December, 2019
The 2019-20 Hong Kong protests are ongoing demonstrations in Hong Kong triggered by The introduction of The Fugitive Offenders amendment bill by The Hong Kong government. The Rifts within society widened as potentially violent. Under such social conflicts and contradictions, Shenzhen-Hong Kong CrossBoundary Students are also faced with new challenges. This group born and studying in Hong Kong, but living in Shenzhen, always find confused with their own identity and belonging. They have to receive the disagreement and incomprehension of mainlanders and Hong Kong people to each other due to cultural and political differences. The daily crossing symbolizes the switch of identity, which squeezes these schoolchildren in the middle gap between the two regions and converted them to a special group. The political boundary is clear, while the psychological boundary is vague. In such an undefined gray area, Is it possible that architectural space is used to ease the conflict and disapproval between people? The project is located at Futian Port between Shenzhen Futian District and Lok Ma Chau in Hong Kong. Based on a 200-meter-long linear river-crossing corridor, a game place and playground are designed for enhancing the interaction of students from two regions. Through visual contact, cooperation and play interaction, the previous single cross-border flow line is transformed into an interesting and varied entertainment plaza, which blurring the concept of "boundary". The psychological changes during the spatial experiences represent how people move from prejudice, curiosity, observation to interaction and mutual recognition.
¡ Playground of Identity
Where Is The Future Of Shenzhen–Hong Kong Cross-boundary Students? Every day nearly 30,000 cross-border students pass through the Futian Port on the Shenzhen River that separates mainland China and Hong Kong. These children cross the border every morning to go to school in Hong Kong and back home in Shenzhen in the night. They not only have to cope with the hardship of crossborder schooling, social and cultural differences, but also face the turbulence between the Mainland and Hong Kong. Behind the phenomenon are issues about the allocation of resources in Shenzhen, the attractiveness of Hong Kong's education, the relationship between the two places and the identity of the students. Under the influence of constant cultural and political conflicts, the young students have never needed a transition zone so urgently to assuage their social fears.
Futian Port Control Point Futian Checkpoint Station
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ince g Prov g Don , Guan en g h z n o Shen ng K es, Ho erritori New T
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Futian District 14
San Tin
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15,0m
Shenzhen River
12,8m
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11,0m Lok Ma Chau Spur Line Control Point
2,1m
General Plan Of Co-Play Link 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07.
Fastway 1640 m² Runway 2110m² The hill 2770m² Children's Playground (for children under 10 years old) 1040m² Trampoline Park (for people of all ages) 1100m² Scenary Zone 180m² Cognitive Way 800m²
08. Public Stairs
350 m²
09. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
Escape Game (for students over the age of 16) 760m² Book or Net Game (for high school students) 350m² Annular Maze (for people of all ages) 700m² Restroom 100m² Air Restaurant 270m² Viewing Plataform 185m²
15. Circular Pavilion
700m²
Indoor perspective of children's playground
Indoor Circulation And Psychological Changes The spatial organization emphasizes the psychological changes of people from Shenzhen and Hong Kong during the cross-border process. The purpose is to guide children from two regions to better understand each other with common interest and cooperation at the time of playing.
To Shenzhen
Curious fast channel
Hesitate children and adults intersection
Clear glass corridor
E ai
From Hong Kong
Curious partition wall
Unidentified black space
Excited public stairs
Happy Children and youth intersection
Hesitate book or internet
D view
Enlighted ir restaurant
Delighted wing platform
Indoor perspective of the hill and runway
From Shenzhen
Wondering maze entrance
Confused main corridor
Ambivalent glass box
Unidentified black space
Curious partition wall
To Hong Kong
Excited trampoline park
Curious straight ladder
Clear underground exhibition hall
The students on both sides set off from the circular pavilions on the riverside, walking along the ramp. They are curious about the pedestrians on the other side because of the separation of the view by a risen wall. The dark opaque half-enclosed space at the terminal applies everyone a similar dark shadow, attracting people to move on. The central area is where people from the t wo regions interact and communicate together as their circulations are intersected randomly when playing.
Other Works
2015 North China University of Technology Wood Construction Work
Bartlett Beijing 2018 Workshop - Wearable Devices
MENGZHEN GUO
bronthisway@foxmail.com