Period 7 ebony magazine

EBONY

All About Jazz!

What’s New in Harlem?

By: Taka Oya, Grace Crimmins, Pedro Marra, Dylan Philibert

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Table of Contents The Voice of the Blacks………………………………………………….………….3 and 4 Growing danger To African Americans………………………………..……………5 and 6 Jazzin it Up…………………………………………………………...…………………….8 Harlem Renaissance…………… ……………………………...………………………..10 Back-to-Africa movement: Is it the only option?....................................................12 and 13 Bibliography………………………………………………….…………………………...14

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The Voice of the Blacks

We had great success during the Staff Members: Dylan Philibert, Pedro

Harlem Renaissance in the sense of we

Marra, Grace Crimmins, Taka Oya

were in the heart of the action. We showed great success and showed enormous

We, the black community, have seen many changes in the way we are being perceived as a group. There have been many changes to the way we are being treated, there is the potential for so much more development. For once we are in the forefront of a cultural and social movement.

This is the chance that we have been waiting for to get recognition for our thoughts, ideas and actions.

creativity through art, music, and literature.

This time has given us a opportunity to show others our talent. We have removed the “negro� mask and expressed ourselves and helped educate other African Americans.

Once we came to Harlem we were surprised by how blacks were accepted. We were accepted and even welcomed, we turned Harlem into a hotspot for new ideas. Harlem has changed our lives and has given us a chance to create success and change the community.

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Nonetheless, even though we have

In conclusion, there have been

accomplished many things and being more

momentous advancements in so many

recognized for our culture through the past

different areas. There is definitely room for

of years, the majority of people in the U.S.,

improvement though and if we want to keep

especially people in the South, continue

this forward trend continuing we are going to

discriminating, segregating and prejudicing

have to put a lot of work in. But, we for one

our daily life. Of course, the country that was

at Ebony HQ are ready and willing to put the

supposed to be the one of freedom and

time and effort into breaking down barriers

equal treatment between others is fake. We

that are separating us from so many things

can see how the government and public

in life. We hope that you are ready too.

officials in general, who are in charge of protecting the best welfare of people are thoroughly influenced by the society that they grew up into and also transmit the same behavior of “tradition� created by it, that is supposedly a civilized and an ethical comportment. For instance, the literacy test that was created by Southern state governments to limit the number of African Americans that had the right to vote, which was previously earned through the 15th and 19th Amendments.

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By: Grace Crimmins

Growing Danger to African Americans Despite their contributions to World War

but when the cops got there, they joined the

One, the United States are still becoming more

mob. The riot soon started getting out of hand.

and more dangerous for blacks. The riot rate is

People were climbing onto their deck, and

rapidly increasing, There are segregation signs

smashing their windows. The Sweets warned if

everywhere, and the Ku Klux Klan is bigger than

they didn’t leave, they will shoot. The mob kept

ever. These threats are very frightening for our

attacking, so they shot 4 bullets. One person

African American community.

was killed, the rest scattered. Cops raged the

First of all, rioting is a big issue for the

house, and all 12 of the Sweets were arrested

black community. Rock throwing, mobs,

and charged for murder. Our black community is

smashing windows, and chanting racist slogans

outraged. We shouldn’t be penalized for simply

are just a few events that happen during these

being neighbors with caucasians! Riots are

riots. One of the most recent riot was in Michigan

becoming more and more frequent, and we need

a few days ago. The Sweet family moved into a

to find a way end them.

new neighborhood in a white community. Right

Another reason that the black

away, they started receiving death threats. They

community isn’t fair and safe is because of

felt threatened, so they hired a bodyguard. One

segregation. There are separate stores, water

night, a mob formed outside their house. It

fountains, and schools. We have to ride in the

started with just a few people, and it quickly grew

back of the bus, while the whites get the front!

to a few hundred. The Sweets called the cops,

There are white only signs everywhere, and it is

but when the cops got there, they joined the

hard to find a job because some stores only hire

mob. The riot soon started getting out of hand.

whites from america. We are all one country we

People were climbing onto their deck, and

should all be able to do the same things equally!

smashing their windows. The Sweets called the cops, but when the cops got there, they joined the mob. The riot soon started getting out of hand. People were climbing onto their deck, and smashing their windows. The Sweets warned if they didn’t leave, they will shoot. The mob kept attacking, so they shot 4 bullets. The Sweets called the cops,,

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By: Grace Crimmins Finally, the Ku Klux Klan is bigger than ever, and it is scaring our black nation. Last year, there were one million members in the klan. Now, one year later, there are four million members. That is a huge and scary increase!

The klan is known for pouring hot tar on blacks and then pouring feathers on top, as a form of torment and embarrassment. They also are beating, kidnapping, and killing us. We need to do something about this, before they kill too many more! This horrible Klan is a normal thing for whites, and we need to worry. The Ku Klux Klan is growing rapidly, and our country needs to do something about it.

In conclusion, riots, segregation, and the Ku Klux Klan are just a few dangerous acts upon our black community. We, as colored people, need to find a way to desegregate our country for good!

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Your mouth matters, use Colgate’s

to keep those pearly whites bright!

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Jazzin’ It Up

By Dylan Philibert

Almost everybody can say that they have at least heard of jazz, it’s universal. That’s because jazz is bringing people and cultures together.

One of the main parts of jazz is swing, it’s catchy off- beat rhythm lifts spirits and makes everything seem as if it’s going to be ok. Jazz has been one of the most popular forms of music to date, taking America by storm it has gone on to be the most popular form of music with young people.

Jazz started with African Americans taking music from Africa and mixing it with new rhythms. It has been wild in America, some top musicians are Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, George Gershwin, and Count Basie.

Many people consider people like Duke Ellington or Louis Armstrong could be the best jazz musicians in the world. This is a new thought because 75% of that list are black. This is one of the ways jazz is changing people’s thoughts and prejudices.

People from all genres have been flocking to Harlem to see black musicians pounding away at the piano and other instruments. Some of it is published sheet music, but quite a bit of it is complete improv. This shows the skill of each of these musicians. They can play for hours on end just making stuff up as they go along.

Jazz is so much more than a genre of music it’s a feeling, a sense. “Put it this way.

Jazz is a pretty good barometer of freedom.”

-Duke Ellington. Jazz is bringing people together and breaking down barriers. It has been one of the most beneficial things of this century.

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Home to Harlem

This book will take you through all the experiences Claude Mckay had during the amazing Harlem Renaissance!

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Harlem Renaissance

By Taka Oya Certain people had made a pretty big impact on The 1920’s is a time where minorities have a huge impact in the community. This time is called the Harlem Renaissance. Harlem Renaissance is giving many people opportunities to show creativity in what they do.

One thing about the Harlem Renaissance is that many African American changed the community. They are showing great creativity through art, music, and literature. During the Harlem Renaissance the amount of black people are increasing. New York City has about 250,000 blacks during 1928. A larger African American population remained in Manhattan.

African Americans are showing many other people their passion.

the community during the Harlem Renaissance for example, Claude Mckay. Claude Mckay is an African American author. He removed the “negro� mask and expressed himself. He also educates many other African American. He expresses himself in the voice of an intelligent, and sensitive African American.

Langston Hughes writes poems, plays, and fiction that captured the anguish of African Americans. He moved to New York in 1921 and was surprised to see so many colored people.

Once he moved to New York he was happy there. Many African American writer who were part of this movement explored what it meant to be black. When Hughes moved he had odd jobs like assistant cook, launderer, and busboy.

It's amazing how one moment can change how we see the way people and also how it affected the community now. It also gave many blacks new lives and gave them a chance to show their talent to the world. Harlem mostly became for African American. But, Harlem had great talent and was filled with many young people.

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The Cotton Club presents Cab Calloway for $1.50 11

Back-to-Africa movement: Is it the only option?

By: Pedro Marra

Can you judge and discriminate someone by its

others. Of course that this seemed to be the

race, religion or ethnic background? How can

most reasonable way to do things, since the

you consider yourself better or more civilized

federal and state governments do nothing in

than a person by simply having a different color

respect to the black people’s discrimination. The

than he/she? These are questions that most

situation is so absurd in the U.S., especially in

African Americans ask themselves when they

the South, that ten phrases are taught in

are lynched (between 1918 and 1927, 416 black

southern colleges about the racial issues, and

people were lynched), killed during riots,

those five out of ten include: “Slavery was

humiliated in public, forced to work in extremely

beneficial to the negro”, “The races will never

harsh conditions, segregated and suffered from

mix”, “Do not disturb the present friendly

many other abuses (this is when we see how the

relations between the races”, “Lynching is the

Constitution really imposes over the entire

defence of Southern woman” and “All negro

country). Even though after World War I, when

leaders are mulattoes”. It is clear how the

the all-black 369th Regiment fought for their

situation never changes; these colleges are

country and were claimed to be the most military

doing brainwashing and inducing their students

honored regiment by France (not even by the

to believe that relations between the races are

U.S.) and also the most fierce ones, gaining the

“friendly”, that slavery, the most horrifying

nickname “Hell Fighters” by the Germans, their

system created by the man, was beneficial for

conditions in the United States did not change

the black people and that no matter what they

much. The answer to all these abuses, that

do, if they try to, the races will never mix. The

influenced over 2 million African Americans,

disturbing part of this all, is how just a wee group

came when Marcus Garvey lead the

of people stand up against the society and the

“Back-to-Africa movement”.

tradition created by it.

Marcus Garvey was born in Jamaica and

Nonetheless, if people leave the U.S. and go to

created the Universal Negro Improvement

Africa, they would not be alike the white people

Association (UNIA), in 1914, to promote the

that have being discriminating them during their

“Back-to-Africa movement”. He believed that the

entire life. How so? Marcus Garvey opposed the

only way to protect the African American citizens

interracial marriage and looked upon

from all the white people, was to bring black

light-skinned blacks as inferiors. If people really

people to their homeland continent- Africa.

believe on his teachings and spread his beliefs

There, people would follow a government which

throughout the entire U.S., they will do the same

would protect their rights and have equal

thing as white people do to them. African

treatment toward the

Americans are the ones who have the hard quest

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of delivering the message of equal treatment between others to the world.

Although black people have being suffering a lot during the past of years, great accomplishments demonstrate how they can’t stop now and go to Africa.

Slavery, which was the main issue 65

A group portrait of the NAACP at its annual

years ago, has ended, (even though

session in 1929, in Cleveland, Ohio.

there are still some similar forms of slavery, such as peonage); the right to

was unconstitutional, since it was violating the

vote, which broadened the influence that

“equal protection” clause of the 14th

African Americans have over the

Amendment.

government was gained after the 15th

“Back-to-Africa movement” attracted many

Amendment was ratified, and specially

people who gave money to Garvey to invest and

the new organizations that were created.

start several businesses, including a steamship

The National Association for the

line with the goal of transporting his followers to

Advancement of Colored People

Africa. Nevertheless, in 1925, Marcus Garvey

(NAACP), for instance, fights for the

was imprisoned for mail fraud, resulting in the

rights of the black Americans. It

end of the movement that stirred so many

promotes campaigns for voting rights, for

African Americans feelings. However, the

equal education, and fights lynching and

sentiment of freedom that was unleashed within

segregation. The pivotal and most

the people’s souls would not dwindle, and the

helpful thing that NAACP does for the

“Back-to-Africa movement” was the one who

black community, is to protect them

encouraged and provided this to all. “Like men

against the unfair treatment that they

we’ll face the murderous, cowardly pack,/

receive in court trials, since in the

Pressed to the wall, dying, but fighting

majority of times, African American

back!” - Claude McKay.

people are deprived from their rights stated by the Constitution. One famous case that was brought to the court and won in favor of the black people with the auxiliance of NAACP, happened in Nixon v. Herndon, which ruled in 1927 that the Texas law- which excluded black people from participating in Democratic Party primaries for state and federal elections-

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Bibliography Pedro Marra:

Dylan Philibert:

Garvey, Marcus. The True Solution of the Negro Problem. N.p.: n.p., 1922. Print.

Du Bois, W.E.B. "Ten Phrases." The Crisis July 1922: n. pag. Print.

By the Mid-1930s, a Period Known. "History of Jazz | Black History in America | Scholastic.com." History of Jazz | Black History in America | Scholastic.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2016.

Randolph, A. Philip. "The A.F. of L.'s Convention." The Messenger Dec. 1924: n. pag.

Print.

Hill, Laban Carrick. Harlem Stomp!: A Cultural History of the Harlem Renaissance. New York: Little, Brown, 2003. Print.

Danbury, Grolier. U.S.A Twenties. Vol. 1.

Connecticut: n.p., 2005. 59-65. Print.

Hart, Diane. History Alive!: Pursuing American Ideals. N.p.: Rancho Cordova, CA: Teacher's Curriculum, 2013. Print.

NAACP assembly. Digital image. ThyBlackMan. N.p., 18 Jan. 2014. Web. <thyblackman.com>.

Taka Oya Gaines, Ann. The Harlem Renaissance in American History. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow, 2002. Print.

Hart, Diane, and Bert Bower. History Alive!: Pursuing American Ideals. Rancho Cordova, CA: Teachers' Curriculum Institute, 2013. Print.

Grace Crimmins Works Cited Baughman, Judith S. American Decades: 1920-1929. New York: Gale Research, 1996.

Print .

LuĚ&#x2C6;sted, Marcia Amidon, and Jennifer K. Keller.

The Roaring Twenties: Discover the Era of Prohibition, Flappers, and Jazz. N.p.: n.p., n.d.

Print.

Smith, Sandura. Black womens fashion. Digital image. Pintrest. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2016.

Hill, Laban Carrick. Harlem Stomp!: A Cultural History of the Harlem Renaissance. New York: Little, Brown, 2003. Print.

EasyBib is the most popular bibliography composing service on the Web. Check EasyBib out at , and please tell your friends!

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Home to Harlem. N.d. Cultural Compass. Web. 26 Oct. 2016.