A Study on Various Grades of Triple Blended High Strength Concrete using GGBS and Silica Fume....

GRD Journals- Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering | Volume 6 | Issue 6 | May 2021 ISSN- 2455-5703

A Study on Various Grades of Triple Blended High Strength Concrete using GGBS and Silica Fume as Partial Replacement of Cement Vinay Jaisinghani PG Student Department of Civil Engineering Merchant Institute of Technology, Basna Dr. Abhijitsinh Parmar Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Sankalchand Patel College of Engineering (SPCE), Visnagar

Mr. Javal J. Patel HOD & Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering Merchant Institute of Technology, Basna

Abstract This study deals with the properties of mineral admixtures, by partial replacing cement, in conditions of improved upon performance on compressive and flexural. Trial and error work will be done to investigate the effect of Silica fume and GGBS by partial overtaking cement and keeping same water cement ratio to High Strength concrete. Through this study we are going to cast concrete samples of size 150mmx150mmx150mm (cube), 500 X 100 X 100 mm (beam) several percentages of Silica Fume (5, 8, 10%) and GGBS (25-50%) with partial replacement of cement casted and analyzed, replacing cement partially, to be able to determine the best percentage, which will give optimum compressive strength (M65, M70, M75) and flexural strength.

Keywords- Cement, Concrete, Construction Material, Mix Design, Silica Fume, GGBS

I. INTRODUCTION Tertiary blended concretes belong to strata whose intensity characteristics are optimized to highest value as much as possible by the gradual modification of the chemical structure, fineness and particle size distribution, relative to numerous other forms of concretes. The addition of additives, such as pozzolana, granulated slag, or inert filling, will introduce more varieties. This results in different cement 'specifications' in all standards. In a word, triple blended cement is a substitute for mineral admixtures/additives such as pozzolanic admixtures (fly ash, silica fume, granulated slag, etc.) or inert fillers. The significant cement is called triple mixed cement. The physical, compound, and mechanical properties of the substantial, for example its solidarity boundaries (compressive, flexural), have been expanded by these admixtures.

II. MATERIAL AND METHOD A. Ordinary Portland cement of 53 Grade Purchased from ultratech having soundness property in limit and all other properties according to Indian standards B. Aggregates of Pertaining Sieve Size (<20mm IS standard) Collected from Vadgam, Ahmedabad Gujarat having specific gravity 2.6 and all properties according to Indian Standards C. River Sand of Pertaining Sieve Size (<4.75mm IS standard) Collected from Vadgam, Ahmedabad Gujarat following zone 2 and all properties according to Indian Standards D. Super Plasticiser Revised acrylic super-plasticizer for concrete is considered by low water/cement ratio, a high mechanical strength and better workability values.

E. Silica Fume Silica fume, a result of the ferrosilicon business, is a profoundly a pozzolanic material that is utilized to improve mechanical and toughness properties of cement. It could be added straightforwardly to concrete as an individual fixing or in a mix of Portland concrete and silica smolder. In the United States, silica rage is utilized prevalently to create concrete with more prominent protection from chloride infiltration for applications like stopping designs, scaffolds, and extension decks.

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A Study on Various Grades of Triple Blended High Strength Concrete using GGBS and Silica Fume as Partial Replacement of Cement (GRDJE/ Volume 6 / Issue 6 / 011)

Table 1: Physical and Chemical Properties of Silica Fume

F. GGBS GGBS is an eco- friendly construction material made from a by-product of iron industry. It is a high quality, low CO2 material.

SR.NO 1 2 3 4

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES COLOUR OFF WHITE SPECIFIC GRAVITY 2.9 BULK DENSITY 1200 kg/m3 FINENESS 350m2/kg

SR.NO 1 2 3 4

CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS CALCIUM OXIDE 40% SILICA 35% ALUMINA 13% MAGNESIA 8%

III. PROCEDURE In this research paper, tests have been conducted on various grades of high strength concrete having partial replacement of cement with GGBS and silica fume to find the optimum mix of design. All the mix designs were according of Indian Standard code.

Various mix in M65 (target strength = 73N/mm2), M70 (target strength = 79N/mm2), M75 (target strength = 783N/mm2) grade of concrete, silica fume and GGBS are replaced by 5 to 10% and 25 to 50% respectively.

The major objectives of the study are: – The partial replacement of cement with pozzolanic materials such as silica fume and GGBS in concrete.

– Determine the compressive and flexure strength of the three-blender concrete combined effects of silica fume and GGBS. – Find an optimum replacement of cement Compressive strength tests procedure were conducted according to IS 1489-199 and flexure strength test were conducted according to IS: 516-1959 For 70 Grades following mix groups were made – A. Group A D1 (Cement: 70%, Silica fume: 5%, GGBS: 25%) D2 (Cement: 65%, Silica fume: 5%, GGBS: 30%) D3 (Cement: 60%, Silica fume: 5%, GGBS: 35%) D4 (Cement: 55%, Silica fume: 5%, GGBS: 40%) D5 (Cement: 50%, Silica fume: 5%, GGBS: 45%) D6 (Cement: 45%, Silica fume: 5%, GGBS: 50%) B. Group B D7 (Cement: 67%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 25%) D8 (Cement: 62%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 30%) D9 (Cement: 57%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 35%) D10 (Cement: 52%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 40%) D11 (Cement: 47%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 45%) D12 (Cement: 42%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 50%) C. Group C D13 (Cement: 65%, Silica fume: 10%, GGBS: 25%), D14 (Cement: 60%, Silica fume: 10%, GGBS: 30%), D15 (Cement: 55%, Silica fume: 10%, GGBS: 35%), D15 (Cement: 50%, Silica fume: 10%, GGBS: 40%) D18 (Cement: 45%, Silica fume: 10%, GGBS: 45%), D17 (Cement: 40%, Silica fume: 10%, GGBS: 50%) For 65 Grades following mix groups were made – D. Group D J1 (Cement: 70%, Silica fume: 5%, GGBS: 25%)

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A Study on Various Grades of Triple Blended High Strength Concrete using GGBS and Silica Fume as Partial Replacement of Cement (GRDJE/ Volume 6 / Issue 6 / 011)

J2 (Cement: 65%, Silica fume: 5%, GGBS: 30%), J3 (Cement: 60%, Silica fume: 5%, GGBS: 35%), J4 (Cement: 67%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 25%), J5 (Cement: 62%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 30%), J6 (Cement: 57%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 35%) J7 (Cement: 65%, Silica fume: 10%, GGBS: 25%), J8 (Cement: 60%, Silica fume: 10%, GGBS: 30%), J9 (Cement: 555%, Silica fume: 10%, GGBS: 35%) For 75 Grades following mix groups were made – E. Group E K1 (Cement: 70%, Silica fume: 5%, GGBS: 25%) K2 (Cement: 65%, Silica fume: 5%, GGBS: 30%) K3 (Cement: 60%, Silica fume: 5%, GGBS: 35%) K4 (Cement: 67%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 25%) K5 (Cement: 62%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 30%) K6 (Cement: 57%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 35%) K7 (Cement: 65%, Silica fume: 10%, GGBS: 25%) K8 (Cement: 60%, Silica fume: 10%, GGBS: 30%) J9 (Cement: 555%, Silica fume: 10%, GGBS: 35%)

IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION SR NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

MIX

M65

M70

M75

Comparison of compressive strength in concrete specimens for 7, 14 & 28 days in N/mm2 AVERAGE COMPRESSIVE AVERAGE COMPRESSIVE AVERAGE COMPRESSIVE GROUP STRENGTH RESULT FOR 7 STRENGTH RESULT FOR 14 STRENGTH RESULT FOR 28 DAYS DAYS DAYS J2 43.17 78.43 79.07 J5 42.79 77.16 79.03 J7 43.14 77.77 78.23 D2 48.01 71.83 82.30 D8 50.66 72.67 85.04 D13 58.33 74.59 82.06 K2 51.35 NA 89.58 K5 52.29 NA 89.32 K7 51.48 NA 87.48

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A Study on Various Grades of Triple Blended High Strength Concrete using GGBS and Silica Fume as Partial Replacement of Cement (GRDJE/ Volume 6 / Issue 6 / 011)

It was noted that when the quantity of GGBS is increased more than 35% then there is a decrease in compressive strength.

For M70 grade mix D8 (Cement: 62%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 30%), for M65 grade mix J5 (Cement: 57%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 35%), for M75 mix K5 (Cement: 62%, Silica fume: 8%, GGBS: 30%) can be stated as optimum mix.

For flexure strength there wasn’t any noticeable change in all the trial mix. Just a slight increase can be noted when the amount of Silica fume is at 10%.

V. CONCLUSIONS – – – –

– – – – – –

It can be concluded that if amount of GGBS is increased in mix then the compressive strength decreases.

There is a little noticeable increase in strength about 4-10% strength after 56 days.

Workability is low due to low w/c ratio (average slump value- 30 to 35cm) Because of essence of high formless silicon dioxide content, silica fume is responsive pozzolanic material in concrete. As the Portland concrete in substantial starts to respond synthetically, it discharges calcium hydroxide. Silica fume responds with this calcium hydroxide to shape extra cover material called calcium silica hydrate which improves the solidified properties of cement The size of silica fume particles is almost 80 times smaller than cement particles so just like fine aggregate, silica fumes also fills spaces between coarse aggregate particles and space between cement grains. This micro-filler effect brings significant increase in strength of concrete.

The use of GGBS in concrete as concrete substitution materials will decrease the CO2 is being transmitted during its assembling and goes about as an eco-accommodating material diminishing the Greenhouse impact.

It can be noted from the experiment that 8% silica fume and 30-35% GGBS gives optimum result in maximum number of cases.

There is not much difference in the flexure strength of concrete. But due to the presence of silica fume (10%) a slight increase in flexure strength can be noticed.

It can be clearly stated that as the amount of GGBS increases there is a decrease in compressive strength but n increase in workability.

The increase in compressive strength at initial level is due to presence of Silica fume as its grain size in much smaller compared to cement which causes micro filler effect.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT I accept this open door as an advantage to thank all people without whose help and direction I was unable to have finished my venture in this specified timeframe. First and foremost I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my External Project DR. Abhijitsinh Parmar, Assistant Professor, SPCE Visnagar, for helping me & my Internal Project Guide Mr. J.J PATEL, Head of Department, Civil Engineering Department, Merchant Engineering College, Basna for his important help, inspiration and support all through the period, this work was completed. His preparation for counsel consistently, his educative remarks and sources of info, his dedication helped even with practical things.

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