Colorado WaterWise Summer 20166

waterwise The official publication of Colorado WaterWise

The Voice of the Colorado Water Conservation Community

www.coloradowaterwise.org

In this issue...

Denver Urban Gardens Using Reclaimed Water Water Education - page 3

Pg. 3 Colorado Water Declining Water Live Like You Love It! Demands:

Does Conservation Pay? page 6 with Pg. 9 -Interview Ray Tschillard

How Lakewood Parks Help Reach Conservation Goal Pg. 13 Water Efficiency - page 9 Workshop

Pg. 14 Interview with ColoradoWaterWise.org Gary Klein

Summer 2016

s r o t i d e e h t From As spring eases into summer, we are reminded how busy this time of year is, evidenced by the shorter spring issue and its late publication date. Many of us are working on projects instead of writing about them.

The spring and summer issues usually focus on outdoor irrigation and landscape which this one does, but as it began taking shape innovative thinking, collaboration and technology surfaced as the theme. This issue highlights some of the active programs going on in Colorado.

Read about Denver Water’s project to study the suitability of storing water in underground aquifers and its benefits and challenges. Learn how amending Regulation 84 would provide Denver Urban Gardens with an innovative approach to watering their edibles. Find out how GIS is being used to communicate projects and expenditures to Denver City Council and management. Finally, see how Lakewood manages water at their parks by using a central control system.

As always, we love to hear from you. Please send us your comments, questions and ideas for future articles. the state and what changes many utilities are bringing to their programs to meet future needs.

WaterWise is the official publication of Colorado WaterWise and is published four times a year (March, June, September, and December). Articles are due one month before the newsletter comes out.

Officers: Co-chairs: Alyssa Quinn-Platte Canyon & Ruth Quade-Greeley Co-secretaries: Nona Shipman-One World One Water & Lindsey Bashline-Loveland Utilities Co-treasurers: Amelia Nuding-Western Resource Advocates & Lyndsey LuciaNorthern Water Board Members: The officers above and Laura Wing-City of Thornton; Frank Kinder-Colorado Springs Utilities; Becky Fedak-Brendle Group, Leslie Martien-Aquacraft; Kate Larson- Center for ReSource Conservation; Rose Marie Clouse-City of Fountain; Diana Denwood-Aurora Water; Renee Davis-City of Fort Collins, Michael Thomas-Denver Water Newsletter Committee: Editors, Kim Frick, Leslie Martien, Ruth Quade & Michael Thomas Design: Natalie Stevens Advertising Sales: Ruth Quade, 970-3509874, ruth.quade@greeleygov.com

Kim Frick Ruth Quade Leslie Martien Michael Thomas Colorado WaterWise Ongoing Meetings

Colorado WaterWise Board Meetings: Second Thursday of each month, 10 a.m.-noon July 14

August 11

September 8

To submit a story topic, email Kim Frick at kim.frick@cityofloveland.org WaterWise articles may be reproduced in other publications with credit given to the author and Colorado WaterWise.

Any advertisement of or reference to a product or service is not intended as an endorsement. This newsletter is intended to spark dialogue about various issues concerning water conservation in Colorado. The viewpoints of the authors are not necessarily those of Colorado WaterWise.

On the cover: Picture taken at Greeley’s Houston Gardens.

Photo by Natalie Stevens

ColoradoWaterWise.org

LoveColoradoWater.org

DENVER URBAN GARDENS WORKS TOWARD ALLOWING RECLAIMED WATER FOR URBAN GARDENING

By Shannon Spurlock, Denver Urban Gardens Have you ever grown a fruit or vegetable that you thought you disliked, but then when it came time to harvest and tastetest the literal fruits of your labor, you realized that in fact you did like that fruit or vegetable? For many youth and community members this has been their experience too, and often times, especially for students, this epiphany has taken place on school grounds, in a community garden.

Established in 1985, Denver Urban Gardens (DUG) has grown over last the 30+ years to support a network of almost 160 community gardens in six counties and established formal relationships with six school districts in Metro Denver. The overwhelming majority of our community gardens are on public land. In fact, about 30 of our 49 community gardens at schools are located on Denver Public Schools’ grounds.

Schools are fantastic places for students to learn how to grow their own food and to acquire a first-hand understanding of where their food comes from. Some school-based opportunities include students growing and harvesting produce that is then infused into the school cafeteria (Garden to Cafeteria, Farm to School) as well as students growing produce and selling it to teachers, parents, and local residents (Youth Farmers’ Markets). Gardens on school grounds make excellent outdoor classrooms and there are many evidenced-based, research findings that highlight the short-term benefits for students and the lifelong benefits too.

Here is a sampling of key findings from the Gardens for Growing Healthy Communities research initiative conducted by the Colorado School of Public Health: • 100% of community gardeners stated that their main reasons for gardening were to be outside in nature and to get their hands dirty. Almost 80% of them gardened as children.

• More than 50% of community gardeners meet national guidelines for fruit and vegetable intake, compared to 25% of non-gardeners.

• As well as eating better and being more active, gardeners are more involved in social activities, view their neighborhoods as more beautiful, and have stronger ties to their neighborhoods.

WaterWise

3

Spring 2011 2016 Summer

• 95% of community gardeners give away some of the produce they grow to friends, family and people in need; 60% specifically donate to food assistance programs.

• Community gardens promote stronger neighborhood leadership, outreach, and volunteerism.

In recent years, Denver Public Schools and Denver Water have partnered to convert the landscaping irrigation at many school campuses from potable to reclaimed water.

Given Colorado’s growing population and the limited nature of our water supply, this conversion promotes both water conservation and efficiency. While there are many benefits to this changeover, there is also an unintended consequence: food crops are currently not an allowed use in Regulation 84. Regulation 84 is a water quality control regulation that is housed at the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) and overseen by the Water Quality Control Commission.

Therefore, if a school is using reclaimed water for its irrigation it cannot grow consumable food.

DUG believes this does not have to be the case. There is precedent for using reclaimed water in areas such as Arizona, California, Texas, and Washington that have community gardens and urban farms that are open to the public and irrigated with reclaimed water. Reclaimed water, treated to appropriate standards, has been shown to be a food-safe irrigation source and protective of public health and the environment. It is worth noting that adverse health effects have never been associated with or caused by reclaimed water when used as an irrigation source for food crops. This highly treated, monitored water source is just as safe, and often a higher quality as the water traditionally used for food crop irrigation.

It is for these reasons, and the previously illustrated broader public health benefits associated with community gardening, that Denver Urban Gardens (DUG) is partnering with Denver Water to pursue the amending Regulation 84 to include the addition of irrigation of crops for human consumption as an approved use. It is our hope that in the near future, communities will have the opportunity to promote water conservation and grow food. Irrigating with appropriately treated, reclaimed water and growing food are complementary uses; and DUG believes Coloradoans should be allowed to reap the rewards that both have to offer.

WaterWise

4

Summer Spring 20112016

USING MAP AND GEOSPATIAL DATA TO SHOW CONSERVATION AND MAINTENANCE VALUE

By Valerie Beyer, Denver Water

Although Denver Water serves under a mandate of the City and County of Denver it operates independently from the City. However, regular reports to the city council and mayor and show that ratepayer’s money is being well spent.

Recently, Denver Water began including maps in its yearly report to the council on types of Denver Water activities within the council members’ district. The report provides council members with a map of touchpoints that represent each time an employee of Denver Water has interacted with rate/ tax payers in the service area. This map quantifies Denver Water’s connection to the legislative districts. It also presents the data graphically, which, makes it easier to have a conversation with legislators about what Denver Water does and means to their district.

Touchpoint activity encompasses a wide range of interactions such as large irrigation audits, student classroom presentations for youth education, Denver Water advertisements, as well as where crews made emergency repairs or scheduled maintenance on meters, vaults and more. Denver Water also provide information on how many hydrants there are in a district, how many customers are served, miles of pipe, where facilities are located, and capital and street maintenance projects that are developing throughout the district area. By including conservation activities alongside the more ‘traditional activities’ of the utility it helps elevate the importance of conservation as a central function of Denver Water.

By consolidating data sources on the map we are able to ask comprehensive questions such as: • How many addresses did employees perform service work (ranging from upgrading a water meter or helping a customer with an emergency leak, to installing a new tap and turning water on and off at a property)?

• How many times did were distribution asset repair work to valves performed, installed or service lines repaired, and hydrant inspections conducted?

• How many customers received rebates for high efficiency toilets and fixtures, had home and business audits to look for leaks in irrigation systems and in fixtures, and were educated about water efficiency?

Due to the positive reception and value of these maps we have expanded their use to federal and state legislative districts and are presented to those representatives and senators as well. Denver Water found presenting the information in this way helps to improve the coordination and communication of all aspects of a vast water system with internal and external stakeholders in an intuitive way.

WaterWise

5

Spring 2011 2016 Summer

DECLINING WATER DEMANDS: DOES CONSERVATION PAY?

By Scott Winter and Julia Gallucci, Colorado Springs Utilities Many customers believe that water bills increase as a result of reduced demands related to conservation. While this can happen, reductions in demand are generally offset by growth in the short term. And, as communities grow over time, demand reductions reduce costs and bills because they can reduce both operating and capital costs. This is something many water conservation professionals understand, but sometimes struggle to demonstrate. Colorado Springs Utilities (Utilities) set out to test this idea to better understand and articulate the impact of reduced water use on the cost of water as well as the overall reliability of our water system.

A variety of factors have combined to reduce water demands in Colorado Springs, including conservation programs, passive savings from federal regulations, drought, and changing economic conditions. As a community, we used less water in 2015 than in 2000 despite the population increasing by nearly 20 percent.

Our objective was to determine how much water use has changed, accounting for weather and growth, and to quantify the costs and benefits of these changes. For comparison, we estimated what water demands would have been from 2002-2014 based on demand patterns from 1996-2001 (prior to drought and significant conservation). To understand how those higher water demands would have impacted our system, we modeled Utilities’ water system performance using the higher demands. Finally, we estimated the costs associated with meeting the higher demands given our current drought response indicators and strategies.

The average annual savings from 2002 through 2014 was roughly 18,000 acre feet. Had Colorado Springs continued the same pattern of water use from 1996-2001, customer demands would have accelerated the need for three water supply projects and required six additional supply projects (planned but not implemented).

Even with these projects, Utilities would have had to implement water restrictions for two additional years (seven of thirteen years in total) with outdoor watering allowed only one day per week in 2013.

Our study demonstrated that these additional projects, combined with treatment costs and drought restrictions, would have required an additional $185 million in capital and operating expenses. Today, customer bills are about 11% less due to our community’s reduced demands. This amounts to about $100 in savings per customer account per year. This study also confirmed that Colorado Springs would benefit from additional storage capacity. Since 2002, Utilities likely did not divert 54,000 acre feet of Colorado River water to which we had a right. With additional storage, we could have captured that water and stored it for future, drier years.

Additional storage and the added reliability it provides does comes with a tradeoff. By not diverting this water for our purposes, it was likely left in the Colorado River benefitting Lake Powell downstream, which benefits all of Colorado and other users in the west.

Either way, reduced demands have decreased our water service costs and risks and our customers are the primary beneficiaries. Conservation does pay!

WaterWise

6

Spring 20112016 Summer

DENVER WATER LOOKS DEEP UNDERGROUND FOR NEW PLACES TO STORE WATER

By Jay Adams, Denver Water Communications For the past century, Denver Water has looked mostly to mountain reservoirs to store water. But there may be another way to save this precious resource for future use — right under our feet.

Denver Water is studying the suitability of storing water in underground aquifers, an option that could become part of the organization’s long-term strategy to prepare for future gaps between water supply and demand. It’s all part of addressing the challenges posed by population growth, climate change and future drought.

This storage technique involves injecting potable water from water mains into aquifers during wet years and recovering, or pumping the water back up for use during drought. One simple way to explain underground storage to customers is that the concept is similar to a savings account at a bank — but to prepare for drought. Water is injected (deposited) during wet years and stored indefinitely. During droughts, water is extracted (withdrawn) to supplement supplies.

Underground storage offers several benefits, comparatively.

It’s not susceptible to evaporation, may be less expensive and poses fewer environmental and community impacts — which means fewer permitting challenges.

Drill rig Exploratory drilling for Denver Water’s aquifer storage study began in September 2015 at this Northeast Denver site.

To help study the option, crews began in fall 2015 at four sites to drill exploratory boreholes into the Denver Basin, a collection of aquifers that can reach more than 2,000 feet under the surface. The holes allowed Denver Water to investigate the water-bearing potential of the rock in the basin, which stretches from Greeley to Colorado Springs and from Golden to Limon.

Denver Water and consultant Leonard Rice Engineers then reviewed both the new and existing data to evaluate aquifers’ configuration and hydrogeological properties, such as sand thickness. The conclusion? After completing analysis in spring 2016, Denver Water identified some areas where wells could be drilled, but needs more information to determine an appropriate site for a pilot well. Denver Water is looking at drilling at about four or five more sites to fill in data gaps in other locations within Denver.

WaterWise

7

Spring 20112016 Summer

THE ENERGY POLICY MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2015

By Kim Frick, City of Loveland On April 20, 2016, the U.S. Senate approved the Energy Policy Modernization Act of 2015 with overwhelming support from both parties. This is the first comprehensive energy bill passed in the Senate since 2007. This bill (S.2012) is on its way to the House next.

Parts of this bill direct the Department of Energy (DOE) and Department of Interior (DOI) to establish an Interagency Coordination Committee to identify all potential energy-water nexus activities across the federal government. It also establishes a Smart Energy and Water Efficiency Pilot program at the DOE to provide grants for entities that want to increase energy efficiency of water, wastewater, and reuse systems and establish advanced systems to provide to real-time consumption data.

This plan also requires significant upgrades to the electrical grid including large scale storage systems for electricity, it would expedite liquid natural gas imports, loosen the permitting for natural gas pipelines on federal lands and provide subsidies to hydropower and geothermal. The plan creates greater energy efficiency in building codes and coordinates assistance for energy retrofitting in schools.

It includes permanent reauthorization of the Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF) which supports community parks and public lands. For every $1 invested local communities can expect a $4 return. This bill also provided an amendment to strengthen the WaterSense program by supporting local and state rebate and incentive programs that encourage customers to buy water-efficient products and landscaping. It also provides an innovative “Blue Bank” program to provide grants for water and sewer utilities to invest in bettering their systems through water supply management, planning and water-efficiency.

An estimated 2.1 trillion gallons of treated clean drinking water are lost to leaks each year. This plan supports developing smart water system pilot projects in three to five cities across the country that will encourage innovative solutions to this leak problem. Communities would compete for grant funding to develop demonstration projects and to create a “smart-grid” for water - detecting leaks as soon as they happen, or even before they happen - to save both water and the energy needed to transport and clean it. The pilots would serve as models for other communities to replicate and build on.

This information came from Tom Udall’s website.

WaterWise

8

Spring 20112016 Summer

LAKEWOOD UPDATES CENTRAL CONTROL SYSTEM TO MEET CONSERVATION GOAL

By Andrew Arnold, City of Lakewood The City of Lakewood Parks Department recently completed an entire upgrade of their central irrigation system. This extensive overhaul involved replacing over 180 controllers and other necessary hardware throughout the City’s Parks and Right of Way system. The City also employed new software to operate the new system.

For those unfamiliar, a central irrigation system allows total control (programming, monitoring and management) of multiple irrigation systems, all from one central location.

For the City of Lakewood, this means roughly 180 irrigation controllers, located in parks and right of ways throughout the city, relay their information back to a centralized computer (via the internet and radios), where the irrigation managers can monitor and manage all water flows within the City’s park system.

A Lakewood Parks employee turning water on and off from his smartphone, which ties to the central command and doesn’t require opening each and every irrigation controller.

The most obvious benefit to a central system is the ability to shut down all irrigation due to inclement weather conditions. The water savings from this alone have paid for the upgraded system several times over.

With a grant from Denver Water, the City of Lakewood has also installed four weather stations throughout the City, and the data from these stations is incorporated into the central system as well. Everything from rainfall to wind speed to barometric pressure is sent to the central system. From this data, watering information can be further manipulated, such as watering entire parks using effective ET rates.

Another valuable benefit to a central irrigation system is the automated monitoring of water flows. The City of Lakewood Parks has nearly 100% of their sites measuring water flows, and nearly 100% of their parks are protected by master valves. This means that any abnormal variation in water flow will send an alarm to the central system, and the line will be shut down. For example, if a mainline pipe breaks underground at a park (a fairly common occurrence), the system will detect the flow change and shut down all water flow by closing the master valve. At some of the larger sites, this can save in excess of 500 gallons per minute of wasted water flowing out of a broken pipe. Another common occurrence throughout the City is vandalism in the form of kicking irrigation heads off while watering in the middle of the night. With this system, the central system is alerted of the flow change, and the particular valve is shut down.

WaterWise

9

Spring 2011 2016 Summer

Every morning during irrigation season an alarm report is generated and given to field crews who are expected to immediately repair all alarms/issues from the previous night. This active approach to irrigation repair saves a considerable amount of water nightly. Field crews are able access the central system as well (with individualized, restricted access), in order to activate zones and view programs. This is all done through a website, so any internet-accessible devise can be used – iPhones, iPads, or any smart phone.

In the near future, the City hopes to utilize more third party accessories to further their data acquisition. For example, GIS integration is one such avenue of exploration. In addition, the City will use their Central System to manage path lighting, fountains, and to oversee parameters on pump systems.

In order to keep costs as low as possible, the City of Lakewood’s two irrigation managers built out the entire system in-house, repurposed all usable equipment from the previous generation of hardware, and fabricated interfaces between third party hardware. The upgrade was completed over the course of two winters, and will be completely operational at the start of the 2016 watering season.

The City of Lakewood has utilized a central irrigation system for over 20 years, and the old generation system has proven to be an extremely reliable tool for saving vast amounts of water and money. For many years, Lakewood has consistently watered their parks at under 12 gallons per sq ft (much lower than Denver Water’s maximum target goal of 18 gal per sq ft annually). Lakewood’s complete upgrade to the next generation of central irrigation system demonstrates their continuing commitment to saving water. For any questions regarding the specifics of their Motorola ICC system please contact Andrew Arnold at AndArn@lakewood.org.

Controller 1 and 2 are examples of the central control system.

WaterWise

This is the central office where Lakewood staff can control the entire city’s irrigation system.

10

Spring 20112016 Summer

WaterWise

11

Spring 20112016 Summer

interview

A Spotlight on

MICHAEL THOMAS WW: Tell us a little about yourself.

I was born and raised in Colorado Springs. I completed my Bachelor’s degree in international relations and environmental studies at Franklin College Switzerland in Lugano, Switzerland. It was an amazing opportunity that gave me a global perspective on water and natural resource issues. I moved back to Colorado for graduate school at the University of Denver where I earned my Masters in public policy, focusing on water policy and management. I feel fortunate to live and work in Denver even if the city’s popularity is making the drive to the mountains a bit harder.

WW: How did you get started in the water conservation business?

Much of my passion for water conservation started at a young age. As a kid my family and I fished and whitewater rafted along the Arkansas River. Even as a youth I could see the impacts of drought and diminished stream flows on the river’s ecology and the community around it. As I began my higher education I kept gravitating toward water issues and ultimately focused on water scarcity and conflict. When I completed my Master’s degree I was hired at Denver Water’s conservation department where I have worked for the past three years.

WW: Regarding water conservation, what do you feel are the biggest challenges facing Colorado?

The surge of new residents and growth create new challenges and opportunities for Colorado. In Denver Water’s service area we are adding people by the hundreds each week. Trying to keep up with this growth necessitates updated conservation standards on new construction and are-examination of the assumed drivers in water use as our service area changes. I see the need for data and a move towardwater efficiency-framed programs as a big challenge because it requires the industry to operate differently than it has in the past. Collecting and using data requires regular maintenance and support which is different from turnkey programs and drought focused policies.

WaterWise

12

Spring 20112016 Summer

Interview with Michael Thomas “I have been consistently impressed with the collaborative nature of the conservation community. It is great to see different utilities, NGOs, and universities sharing resources to try and reach the same goal.”

WW: What regulatory measures do you think will have the biggest impact on water conservation in Colorado?

For the past couple decades the groundwork was laid to make things like Xeriscape, water efficient appliances, and water efficient behaviors to be a part of industry and people’s personal lexicon and practices. I see the next step in water conservation to look a lot like what we have seen in the energy sector. Energy was an early adopter of helping people understand their use; especially compared to other homes or businesses like theirs through comparative data, baselines and benchmarking. I think this will be necessary to take the next steps in conservation.

WW: What technologies do you think will have the biggest impact on water conservation in Colorado?

I have seen a lot of power in mapping and geodatabase technologies. That technology gives utilities an effective means to efficiently collect and organize data on their service area. This data will be essential in helping communicate to their customers their water efficiency and targeting customers with a higher use. Over time, as the power and importance of this technology becomes more apparent, I believe there will be versions that require less technical know-how so the user base can expand. When this shift occurs there will be an incredible opportunity for conservation-minded professionals to address water use efficiency to a larger audience than was previously possible.

WW: What has given you the most satisfaction during your career?

I have been consistently impressed with the collaborative nature of the conservation community. It is great to see different utilities, NGOs, and universities sharing resources to try and reach the same goal. I think there are a lot of opportunities to further cooperate and take advantage of different group’s talents.

WW: Beyond work, what other interests do you have? Passions, goals, missions?

I am an avid hiker, traveler, and am a voracious reader. Traveling and exploring is an especially big part of my life.

I’m currently planning a trip to the United Kingdom for this summer. At some point in my career I’d love to work on international, freshwater issues.

WW: Any last thoughts you’d like to share with our readers?

Keep up the good work and thank you for your contribution to addressing the important challenge of water conservation in Colorado!

Save The Date

Friday, December 2, 2016 St. Cajetans, Auraria Campus Details at: ColoradoWaterWise.org

WaterWise

13

Spring 20112016 Summer

CORSICAN VIOLET: A SPRING SHOWSTOPPER

By Ruth Quade, City of Greeley The Corsican Violet is a 2003 Plant Select offering, which until last year, I had not planted. But have now fallen for it as a favorite. It had some blossoms when planted and continued to bloom the rest of the season. This is a small compact mounded plant, with a height and spread of 6-8 inches, that boasts 20-30 blossoms at any given time. It will grow in in sun or part shade and will bloom all season. It makes a great ground cover in shady areas and the purple flower contrasts great with other ground covers with a limey green leaf, like creeping Jenny or planted in a rock garden amongst sedum. It also mingles well with coral bells, ajuga and creeping phlox.

Once established, it will reseed freely covering a larger area or you can dig and transplant in other areas.

Although rated for moderate water needs, it can withstand heat and periods of drought. It is zoned for 3-8 and prefers clay, loam or gravelly soil.

Photos by Plant Select

WaterWise

14

Spring 2011

NEWS AND NOTES Colorado WaterWise

Lunch n’ Learn June 10th 12:00 p.m. coloradowaterwise.org/Lunch-n-Learn Value of Water Coalition thevalueofwater.org/

AWWA

ACE16 Chicago IL June 20-22 RMSAWWA rmsawwa.org

Alliance for Water Efficiency

Plumbing Efficiency Research Coalition announces the publication of Phase 2.1 supplemental report allianceforwaterefficiency.org

CFWE

Gunison Basin Tour June 21-22 Pre-order for Citizen’s Guide to Colorado Water Conservation yourwatercolorado.org

Project Wet

Facilitator Training and updates Webinar July 12 Training July 19-20 Carbondale CO yourwatercolorado.org/water-educatornetwork/training-topics/project-wet

Irrigation Association

Smart Irrigation Month - July 2016 irrigation.org

WaterWise

Northern Water

NEW AND RENEWING CWW MEMBERS

Summer Tours East Slope 7:30 a.m. 4 p.m.

Wednesday, May 25 & Thursday, Aug. 18 West Slope Tour 7 a.m. -5:30 p.m.

Thursday, June 16 & Tuesday, July 26 Register online: northernwater.org

Watershed Summit

Water Utility- Large Aurora Water City of Greeley City of Thornton Water Utility- Medium Town of Castle Rock

Denver Botanic Gardens June 9 http://events.r20.constantcontact.com/ register/event?llr=fmphqbdab&oeidk=a07e Water Utility- Small Westminster cba28msb1f0dc02 Little Thompson Water District City of Cortez

Water Research Foundation

Announces the Residential End Uses of Basic Membership Non-Utility Water, Version 2 project report Amy Conklin waterrf.org/Pages/Projects.aspx?PID=4309 Brendle Group Western Resource Advocates

WaterSmart Innovations October 5-7, 2016 Las Vegas NV

Live Like You Love It Partnership City of Greeley Colorado Ski Country USA

Congratulations to the Colorado winners in the Wyland Foundation National Mayor’s Water Challenge!

30,000 to 99,999

300,000 to 599,999

100,000 to 299,999

600,000 and Over

4th Place - Castle Rock 6th Place - Greeley

9th Place - Fort Collins

15

1st Place - Aurora 10th Place - Colorado Springs

2nd Place - Denver

Spring 20112016 Summer