The Cloud Enterprise, SOA and Enterprise Architecture Adrian Grigoriu Executive Enterprise Architect Independent Consultant Music: Ambient Lounge, Vol. 1 Disc 1\13 Ethnic Majority
Cloud Computing CC is a new Enterprise business model: lease IT capabilities rather than buy or build and own them • IT services are provided by partners rather than in-house • An Enterprise Cloud consists of the IT services supplied by more providers over the network cloud • A “private cloud” is a set of in-house only IT services built on SOA, virtualization and own IT resources
Why Cloud Computing • Fast deployment of capabilities/applications • Near-instant self-provisioning of IT capabilities – server, storage, network, desktop, applications...
• Consumed only when needed – no more underutilised IT resources
• Paid for only when used • replacing the risk of upfront capital investment with operational expenditure solely for actual consumption
Why Cloud Computing (i) • Service location independence, in the cloud • Technology neutral, no need for specific technologies , real estate space, cooling, electricity bills, dear skills • Choice of Off-the-Shelf Cloud services • Increased business agility, proficiency from best of breed services • Improved focus on business rather than technology
Cloud Computing models Cloud Computing consists of all types of outsourced IT services: Application, Platform, Infrastructure, Security... as a Service: XaaS Two typical deployments: • SaaS: applications may be outsourced to different providers in the Cloud, using their own technology • IaaS/PaaS: applications are housed by an Infrastructure/ Data Center provider and are downloaded as Virtual Machines
Cloud Computing impacts on IT The IT becomes a separate entity from the firm: • The technology in the Enterprise cloud, may run in another time zone, country... Cloud computing may reduce the IT branch to the architecture, strategy and planning functions • Technology buy, upgrades, licensing and management are not a firm’s concern any longer • Replaced by contracts and utility like charging, the bitter relation between business and IT vanishes
Cloud Computing characteristics • Web interface for self provisioning and reporting • Charging mechanisms for actual consumption • Multi-tenant data centers with frequently used platforms (PaaS) • Technology is typically virtualized • Blades technology could be used for scalability, low cost, reduced space & reduced power consumption • Comes with development and deployment tools
The Virtual Enterprise & Business Utilities The Virtual Enterprise business concept, known also as the Networked Enterprise, consists of distributed business functions and utilities, outsourced to partners that work together with the firm to deliver the product to end customers • “Business Process Utilities are an emerging form of business process outsourcing. BPU is useful when a more standardized solution is sought that can be paid for on a transactional basisâ€?, Gartner http://www.gartner.com/DisplayDocument?id=527120
The evolution to the Cloud Enterprise The Monolithic Enterprise Marketing
R&D Product Development HR
Sales & Service
Distribution
The Virtual Enterprise Company Marketing 1
Company 7
Corporate
Finance Payroll
IT
R&D
Manufacturing
Product Development
Supply Chain
Company 2
Distribution Sales & Service Compan
The Firm Corporate Finance
y3 Manufacturing
Supply Chain
IT
Company 6
HR
Company 8 Compan Marketing y1
Compan y R&D 7
The Cloud Enterprise
Product Development Compan HR y6
BPU
Sales & Service
The Firm Corporate Company Finance 9 CoPayroll 5
Compan
Distribution y2 Compan
Manufacturing y3 Supply Chain Comp IaaS/ 4
PaaS Data Center
The Cloud Enterprise and EA • The Business Architecture layer rests on top of the computing cloud consisting of the IT Application and Technology layers • The Cloud Enterprise Architecture (EA) consists mostly of Business Architecture, rather than technology detail • The Data Center, its virtualization become the concern of the cloud services providers
The EA layers and current outsourcing types The Enterprise
Outsourcing type Call Centre (people) outsourcing
People Business Information BPU Applications Infrastructure
SaaS
Application outsourcing (SaaS) BPUtility outsourcing Managed Services (Apps,Infra) Data Centre outsourcing
The increasing EA layers virtualization • But virtualization increasingly occurs at interfaces between the EA layers (business, applications...) progressively abstracting and decoupling them, enabling as such business and IT outsourcing • The UI becomes technology neutral (Rich Interface Web2.0) • Business service orchestration is technology transparent • Enterprise Information Integration abstracts physical data • SOA abstracts technology behind interfaces • Technology virtualization abstracts physical infrastructure
The EA layers interfaces virtualization
Human Interface virtualisation: Web 2.0 Business layer virtualisation: orchestration (BPMS/BPEL) Information virtualisation: EII, MDM Aplication layer virtualisation: SOA Infrastructure layer virtualization: Servers and storage, network...
People Business Information Applications Infrastructure
The Cloud Enterprise The core Firm
Cloud Computing BPO/BPU
The Cloud Enterprise structure & operation • The Cloud Enterprise consists of the firm and all its business (Business Process Utilities) and IT (Cloud Computing) services and their providers • The Cloud Enterprise processes operate as an orchestration of services in the Cloud • The transformation of the Virtual Enterprise into a Cloud Enterprise is enabled by Internet, Web Services, SOA, BPMS, B2B... technologies
Cloud Enterprise (CE), SOA and EA • SOA enables all: Cloud Computing, Business Process Utilities and the Cloud Enterprise • SOA offers transparent distribution, loose coupling, technology transparency and interfaces making the CE integration easy, preparing the Enterprise for the Cloud distribution • The virtualization/abstraction of EA layers enables both business and technology outsourcing and, as such, makes possible the Cloud Enterprise
The integration in the Enterprise • The EAI (Enterprise Application Integration) integrated the IT of before • The ESB (Enterprise Service Bus) serves the today’s SOA integration paradigm • The Web Services technology + SOA and the Cloud Computing business model integrate the largely distributed Cloud Enterprise of tomorrow.
The Cloud roadblocks • Integration of current systems with cloud apps • Information integration between in-house and cloud • Security and availability of infrastructure • Data ownership and legislation demanding incountry data hosting • Cultural barriers
Read more on Adrian’s Grigoriu blog at http://it.toolbox.com/blogs/ea-matters/ Adrian is known for his Enterprise Architecture book available on Amazon, articles and EA training course.