Experimental Duplication of Venus Atmospheric Entry Flow 11th VEXAG meeting
G. de Crombrugghe, R. Morgan, T. J. McIntyre, F. Zander Centre for Hypersonics & The University of Queensland
20/11/2013
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Challenges of Venus exploration −1
10
• 11 · · · 12 km/s entry velocity; • 15 · · · 50 gs peak deceleration; • 3 · · · 40 MW /m2 peak heat flux; • ∼ 50% radiative heating;
Free−stream density [kg/m3]
Mars direct ballistic entry Pioneer Venus Day probe, 1978 −2
10
−3
10
−4
10
0
Slowest Venus entry Vega 1, 1984
2
4
6 8 Flight velocity [km/s]
10
12
• sulphuric acid cloud layer; • up to 100 m/s high altitude winds; • > 725 K surface temperature; • 9, 200 kPa surface pressure.
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The X2 expansion tube
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Pioneer Venus multiprobe
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Result: Venus entry conditions achievable!
1/10 model −1
Free−stream density [kg/m3]
10
Flight
−2
10
−3
10
Day probe North probe Night probe Peak radiative heating Peak total heating x2s2189 x2s2194 x2s2195
−4
10
0
2
4
6 8 10 Equivalent flight velocity [km/s]
12
14
5/6
9,69
45°
49,31
45 ,71
R 25
1,94
A
R
5
10
17°
O4
SECTION A/A
30
B
R8
R2 0
P / 2 DEE
16 O
4
31,7 6
O
4
7
2,8
A
O
2,2
/2
DE
EP
M6 / 7,5 DEEP
5
REV
5 R 0,
SECTION B/B
5 R 0,
REVISION HISTORY DESCRIPTION
NAME DATE DRAWN Guerric 11/12/13 CHECKED ENG APPR MGR APPR UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS ANGLES ±X.X° 2 PL ±X.XX 3 PL ±X.XXX
SHEET 1 OF 1
Solid Edge A2 FILE NAME: pioneer_venus.dft SCALE: WEIGHT:
SIZE DWG NO
TITLE REV
APPROVED
O 2,2 / 2 DEEP
DATE
Material: stainless steel. Quantity: 1. g.decrombrugghe@uq.edu.au
M6 / 7,5 DEEP
25 25
16
11
R5
O 2,2
O4
B
Models
0
6/6
5