Dish Channels

June 2012

SM-1716

TDX

HD satellite

television

aiming for the

skies

HD MEDIA

digital

TV reveiver HD-9000S

satellite TV

for smart people

Pakistan UAE

100.00 10.00

Rs

KSA

Dh

Oman

10.00 01.00

R

Qatar

R

India

12.00 R 125.00 Rs

Bahrain Kuwait

01.00 01.00

D

Lebanon

D

Nigeria

5000 350

LL

S-Africa

N

Namibia

45.00 50.00

R

Singapore 09.50 SGD

R

Australia

11.00

$ incl GST

Indonesia Thailand

25.000,-Rp 200 Baht

Bangladesh 95.00 Taka Egypt

10.00

EP

PRO HD 9618

Z500

SB 7800X PVR

IVISIO 9500

TWIN PRO HD 9818

MINI S200 MX PVR

SB 9600X PVR HDMI

Z300

SuperBox

General Trading L.L.C.

IVISIO DIGITAL TV TUNER 4580

IVISIO DIGITAL TV TUNER 4560

Sheikh Mustafa, Bin Mohammed Al Ustad Building, Shop No. 5, Nakheel Road, Street No. 21, Deira, Dubai-U.A.E. Tel : +971 4 238 5872 Fax : +971 4 238 5871 Email : rashad@super-box.tv Web : www.super-box.tv

International Monthly Magazine

VOLUME: 19 - No: 06

Editor-in-Chief HABIB HADI hadi@tracksat.com Managing Editors SUROOSH IZNA Editor SUMERA HADI Associate Editor SHOUKAT IQBAL KHATTAK Technical Editor HAIDER ALI dishtech@tracksat.com Advertising Manager NAVEED JAMEEL uzair_nomi80@hotmail.com Layout Designer NAVEED AHMED KHAN Accounts Manager S.ASHRAF-UL-HAQ Legal Advisor QAZI MUNAWAR ALAM Editorial Address: Dawood Centre, 101-1st Floor, 124,R, Block-2, Main Tariq Road, P.E.C.H.S., Karachi-Pakistan.

Tel. : + 92-21- 34531122, 34531133 : + 92-21- 34316529, 34316530 Fax: : + 92-21- 34528822 E-mail: channels@cyber.net.pk hadi@tracksat.com Distributors UAE Emirates Printing Publishing & Distribution Co. Tel.: (04) 2660337 Ext. 204 SAUDI ARABIA Al-Adabiya Pub & Distributors Tel.: 671 5788 KUWAIT United Company for Distribution of Newspapers & Publications Tel.: (965) 245 6198-(965) 241 2820 BAHRAIN Al Ayam Publishing Est. B.S.C. (C) Tel. : 725111 PAKISTAN Paradise Books & Distributors Tel: + 92-21-4314981-83 Fax: + 92-21-4385075 EGYPT Al-Ahram Tel.: 5796997 QATAR Naz Book Distribution Tel.: +974 4324235, +974 5562809 TURKEY Ukrainian Distribution Tel.: +38 044 261 5876 JORDAN Jordan Distribution Agency Tel.: 962 6 533 7733 IRAQ Al-Khalil Distribution NETHERLANDS Van Gelderen UNITED KINGDOM Golden Publication Ltd. KENYA National Group Ltd. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Future Empire Network Corp.

Publisher HABIB HADI Dish Channels is printed on the 1st of every month by Dish Channels Karachi.

Dish Channels is Non-Political & NonPatrisian Publication. While every effort is made to ensure accuracy, we cannot bear responsibility for losses resulting from errors.

Printed By: PRINTING IMPRESSION, KARACHI

JUNE – 2012

LETTER FROM EDITOR Dear Readers, The globalization of the communication industries is sometimes said to lead to developing countries either being excluded from the information age or converted into markets for global products. By the mid-1990s several satellites were broadcasting a wide range of transnational television channels across Asia. While early global/regional satellites and their television channels were seen as instruments of Western imperialism, they were soon followed by satellites launched by and/or channels targeted at national, sub national and diasporic markets across the continent. Using secondary data from industry sources, this paper surveys and classifies the satellites and their channels operating East and South Asia in the early to mid-1990s. It seeks to demonstrate that a media industries approach may be more productive than political economy and cultural studies ones in analyzing the complex relationships among the participants in the Asian television market.

Over the decade of the 1990s Asian skies became increasingly crowded with satellites beaming an array of commercial television channels transnationally. While early global/regional channels such as CNN and StarTV might have been seen as instruments of Western media imperialism, they have been followed by channels partially created within and directed at national markets such as Taiwan and India, and sub national ethniclanguage channels targeted at diasporic groups across the continent. Some Asian governments have even taken to beaming their domestic quasicommercial channels via satellite, intentionally directed towards other countries in their region.

Further, transnational satellite channels have specialized into business, entertainment, movie, news, educational, children's, and women's channels among others.

e By

S AT MART

Contents

230th LEGEND ISSUE OF PUBLICATIONS

Letter from Editor

8

DIRECTV Satellite System

49

Global Flash News

12

Pakistani Channels

50

China's 1st Satellite

18

Pakistani Channels

51

Sat Mart

20

Positioning a Dish Net...

52

Test Report

24

Positioning a Dish Net...

53

HD Satellite Television

26

The importance of Satell...

56

Test Report

28

The importance of Satell...

57

Test Report

30

There a Future for Sate...

59

Test Report

32

Around the Satellite World

60

Digital TV Receiver

34

Trouble Shooter

64

Triax

36

Search Satellite

67

Test Report

40

Satelltie TV for Smart Pe...

75

Ikusi

42

Catalog of Earth Satellite... 76

Aiming for the skie

44

Japanese Satellite to Pro... 77

Triax

45

Directional Chart

78

Direct to Home Television

46

Directional Chart

79

Direct to Home Television

47

Live TV- The New Face of..

81

DIRECTV Satellite System

48

Digital Chart

83

TEST REPORTS

XTREND ET6000 HDTV LINUX

STAR TRACK SRT 2020 HD

SUPERBOX Z 500 HD

NANO CLASSIC AA20 WIFI HD PVR

ARTICLES VIEW

18

34

44

75

77

SG-7000 HD

HD DIGITALSATELLITE FINDER

SL-X4000 HD

NB-502 DISEQC SWITCH

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

GLOBAL FLASH NEWS

ITV1 HD TO LAUNCH IN APRIL

ITV has confirmed that its new ITV1 HD channel will launch on Virgin Media, Sky and Freesat next month. From April 2, Sky and Virgin Media subscribers will be able to watch the new high definition simulcast of ITV1, which will also transfer to a static channel from its current Red Button availability on Freesat. Viewers on all three platforms will be able watch ITV's World Cup coverage in HD, along with HD dramas such as Father & Son, Identity and The Prisoner. The channel is already available on Freeview HD. ITV director of television, channels and online Peter Fincham said: "The availability of high definition content is something viewers have come to expect as standard and, as we approach the 2010 World Cup, I'm delighted that we are able to launch our new channel, ITV1 HD, on all major platforms. "All of our output will benefit from the stunning picture quality that high definition offers, whether it's ITV's original drama, landmark factual shows, entertainment events or our live football."

ITV1 HD will be made available at no extra cost to Virgin Media subscribers on the XL TV package, while some of ITV1's HD content will also launch on Virgin Media's on-demand platform. "ITV offers some of the UK's most loved programmes and we're delighted to add them to our growing HD channel lineup," said Virgin Media executive director of digital entertainment Cindy Rose.

JUNE

SKY TO LAUNCH SS4 HD, HALLMARK CHANNEL HD

Sky has confirmed plans to launch Sky Sports 4 HD and the Hallmark Channel HD on its satellite television platform. The HD version of Sky Sports 4, which recently rebranded from Sky Sports Xtra, will launch on April 29 to broadcast over 9,000 hours of HD sport every year. Arriving on June 28, the Hallmark Channel HD will carry HD versions of major US dramas, such as Law & Order: Special Victims Unit and Without A Trace. The satellite firm also recently confirmed plans to launch Sky News HD in the "coming months", which is claimed to be Europe's first news channel entirely in high definition. The channel launches, along with today's announcement of the April arrival of ITV1 HD, brings Sky close to the milestone of 40 HD channels. The firm now plans to grow its HD lineup to 50 by Christmas. Sky director of product management Hilary Perchard said: "It's great news for customers that we are making our HD channel pack even better value with more high quality channels.

We're seeing record demand for HD, both in terms of the number of customers signing up for Sky+ HD and the amount of HD programmes they are watching.

12

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

AFGHAN B'BAND VIA EUTELSAT

TS2 Satellite Technologies announced that it is rolling out new broadband services on Eutelsat EB4 and W6 satellites to the Afghan commercial and military market.

The wireless broadband service offers 2way high-speed Internet access and is designed to meet broadband requirements such as Internet and virtual private network access to enterprise networks as well as real-time Voice over IP and videoconferencing."Most soldiers deploy with a laptop in hand and a hookup to the Internet in their barracks. This is especially important for the many who are married and have young children. The Internet access has resulted in major morale improvements.

Troops no longer feel cut off from home," TS2 said in a statement.

SES ASTRA AND SES TAKE OWNERSHIP OF SES SIRIUS AB

GLOBAL FLASH NEWS disclosed. SES ASTRA is the leading Direct-to-Home (DTH) satellite system in Europe. The satellite fleet currently comprises 15 ASTRA satellites. The ASTRA satellite system delivers services to more than 122 million DTH and cable households and transmits more than 2,500 analogue and digital television and radio channels. SES ASTRA also provides satellite-based multimedia, internet and telecommunication services to enterprises, governments and their agencies. With more than 100 High Definition (HD) channels on its main orbital positions, ASTRA represents the most important HDTV platform for Europe’s leading broadcasters.

DEVELOPING GSLV MK III

Indian Space Research Organisaiton (ISRO) is presently developing its heaviest launch vehicle, the GSLV mark III that will have the capability to carry 4 tonne class Communication Satellite into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit. The capability of the presently available GSLV is for carrying 2 tonne class satellite into similar orbit. A Sum of Rs. 14.00 crore has been allocated for initiating development-related activities for the Chandrayaan-II Mission during the current financial year. This was stated by Shri Prithviraj Chavan, the Minister of State (I/C) for Science & Technology and Earth Sciences in the Lok Sabha today.

SES ASTRA and SES Company has taken full ownership of SES SIRIUS AB by acquiring the remaining 10 percent of the shares from the Swedish Space Corporation (SSC). The terms of the transaction were not

JUNE

13

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

EUROPEAN HD CHANNELS TO TRIPLE BY 2013

The number of HD channels is expected to increase threefold by 2013, according to satellite operator SES. Giving delegates a sneak preview of data to be released next week at a series of European roadshows, Thomas Wrede, VP product management media, SES Astra, said the current 280 channels on Europe’s various satellite systems were expected to increase to around 600 by 2013. The Astra satellites are currently home to 112 HD channels with further additions anticipated over the next few weeks. 20 new channels are expected this year and a further 30 in 2011.

DIGITAL TV EXPANDS IN HUNGARY Hungary's 14 biggest cable, satellite and IPTV companies had 2,489,000 subscribers at the end of December, 17,000 more than a month earlier, the National Telecommunications Office (NHH) has revealed. Magyar Telekom, Invitel, UPC, FiberNet, DIGI, PR TELEKOM, Zelka, TARR, TvNetWork, ViDaNet, PARISAT, RubiCom, Antenna Hungaria and HD

JUNE

GLOBAL FLASH NEWS Platform control 80-85 per cent of the pay television market in Hungary. Digital television subscribers accounted for 45.8 per cent of the companies' total number of subscribers, up from 45.2 per cent a month earlier. The number of digital cable TV subscribers rose 15,000 to 389,000, while the number of IPTV subscribers climbed 8,000 to 752,000.

PORTUGUESE PAY-TV SUBS TOP 2.5M

The number of pay-TV subscribers in Portugal increased 10.6 per cent in the 4Q 2012 to over 2.5 million or 45 per cent of total households, according to data released by the country’s telecommunications regulator Anacom. The figure includes all platforms (cable, DTH, fibre and other technologies) and represents a growth of 85,000 subscribers on the previous quarter and of 243,000 on the same period last year.

At the end of 2012, cable TV accounted for 57 per cent of all pay-TV subscribers – down 2 percentage points than the previous quarter - while the share of "other technologies" grew by 1.3 percentage points to 16 per cent of the total. DTH had a 26 per cent market share and fibre optic now represents 1.2 per cent. The total number of cabled households stood at 4.3 million, 0.6 per cent more than in the previous quarter and up 2.1 per cent compared to same period last year. The growth was mainly due to the expansion of Zon TV Cabo network especially in the North, the Azores and Lisbon.

14

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

SRT 2010 HD

SRT 2014 HD

SRT 2015 HD

SRT 3000 HD

SR 55X

SR 140 SR 150

ST 570 ST 560

www.startrackworld.com

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

GLOBAL FLASH NEWS

DISH SUBS AND REVENUES DISCOVERY HD TO LAUNCH RISE IN INDIA

Dish Network Corp, the number two US satellite television operator, posted betterthan-expected quarterly revenue as its subscriber base expanded in the face of a weak economy. Fourth-quarter revenue rose 1.4 per cent to $2.96 billion. Net income came in at $179 million compared with $217 million, the year-ago quarter. Dish, which is controlled by Chief Executive Charlie Ergen, added 249,000 net subscribers during the quarter as it continued its turnaround after several quarters when it lost subscribers early in 2011. It ended the year with 14.1 million subscribers.

Discovery Networks Asia-Pacific has confirmed the launch of Discovery HD, a 24-hour HD channel in India. Discovery HD features the highest quality content from across Discovery Networks’ most popular channels, as well as select exclusive content.

Broadcast in English, Discovery HD is currently available on Sun Direct, India’s first DTH platform that offers HD services and will be a pay, seamless and ad-free channel.

SONY 3D TVS IN JUNE

TATA SKY TO LAUNCH HDTV, INTERACTIVE SERVICES

Tata Sky has said it will roll out HD services and launching more interactive channels in India. The company will launch its HD service this year, ahead of Commonwealth Games to be held in October 2010. It will also introduce interactive channels in the gaming and education space. The company also plans to push personal video recorder (PVR) set-top boxes which are witnessing an increasing demand in the country. "Every DTH operator today is offering almost the same channels at competitive pricing. It will be the interactive services and the additional features that would help differentiate between the operators," Tata Sky Chief Marketing Officer Vikram Mehra said.

Sony has set the target of selling 2.5 million 3D televisions in nine months. Yoshihisa Ishida, the head of Sony’s televisions business, said the Japanese company hoped to sell 25 million TVs in the year to March 2011 with 3D sets accounting for at least one tenth of that. That is a 67 per cent increase on the total of 15 million

televisions Sony expects to sell this year.

Ishida said Sony would launch 3D televisions in Japan in June and they would go on sale abroad about the same time. That is behind Samsung and Panasonic – which will launch 3D sets in the US this week. But Sony says they are not concerned because little 3D content will be available at first.

JUNE

16

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

CHINA'S 1ST SATELLITE China's first satellite which was launched into the orbit 30 years ago, continues to orbit the Earth, though its storage batteries have run out of power, Beijing Youth Daily reported. "The day, April 24, 1970, was the happiest day of my life," said Qi Faren, an expert who joined the Dongfanghong project at the age of 37. On this day 30 years ago, the rocket carrier, now known as " Long-March I," stood on the launch-pad waiting for the order for projection at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwestern Gansu Province. The ignition took place at 21:35. "Upon seeing it ignite on cable TV in an underground compound, I ran out and saw the beautiful rocket JUNE

dashing into the sky southeastward," recalled Shen Jianan, a rocket expert. The satellite, weighing 172 kg, had been broadcasting the melody of Dongfanghong (The East is Red), a chant for late Chinese leader Mao Zedong, until its storage cells stopped working. Over the past three decades, China has launched 65 satellites including 20 foreign ones. Last year, China sent its first experimental spacecraft into orbit, opening a new era for the country's ambitious space industry. Chinese astronauts are expected to make a journey into space in domestically manufactured space shuttles.

18

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

TEST REPORT

ET6000 Digital Satellite Receiver

HDTV Linux

The Xtrend ET6000 is a new generation of Enigma 2 Linux Single Tuner receiver from Xtrend with crystal clear HD picture, two card readers; external HDD is possible via USB connection. One front and two rear USB ports. Rear Ethernet 10/100 connection. Linux operating system using Enigma2 open source. Standby consumption is only 1 watt. English language manual supplied. Extended EPG (electronic program guide). This is a brand new receiver to hit Europe and is a real high-end contender that already has third party image support from many popular groups. Another important feature that puts the Xtrend ET6000 ahead of the competition, is its integrated HBBTV WebBrowser. The Xtrend ET6000 comes in a nice cardboard box, with a big Xtrend logo on it, but in an unobtrusive way. Xtrend The smart Gateway for Linux TV. The receiver looks quite good. The front has a black finish and a chrome coloured Xtrend logo on the top right. Top right we see a label with the text: HD Digital Satellite receiver Xtrend ET6000. The letters on the label show different colours when light is falling on them. On the left side of the receiver's front we see a VFD (Vacuum Fluorescent Display), which is a 12-digit, non-graphical display. Most information on this display is in blue, and apart from (scrolling) text it has some fixed status icons as well. A few of these status icons are in red (mute and recording indicators). The recording icon has a nice touch to it; it's animated (a moving circle).

JUNE

On the backside we see a plethora of connections. From left to right there are RCA jacks, Tuner 1 in & out, HDMI Connector, USB 2.0 Ports, S/PDIF Optical Output and - RS-232 Serial Port as well as a power button. Overall, build quality is pretty good.

The remote is well labeled. It contains a lot of (small) buttons, so a lot of functions of the STB can be accessed directly. We see dedicated PiP, Mark, Timer, Time Shift, File list, Play list buttons, and many more (see Picture).

The remote can also be used as a universal remote, to control your TV, DVD-Player and Auxiliary equipment (i.e. amplifier), being somewhat limited regarding functions that can be controlled. Nonetheless, this is a welcome feature. Because of the slight 'slope' on the front of the remote, you have to keep a low aim at your box, otherwise the IR beam will 'shoot' over. Because of the Piano-Black finish, the remote is pretty receptive to fingerprints.

The Xtrend ET6000 works like a charm.

Boot times are very quick. Starting up the Xtrend ET6000 from the moment the switch on the back is flipped, until a picture is on the screen, takes about 60 seconds.

This is with a fully functional Image of about 63MB, including several plugins, HDGlass16 skin and loading the WebBrowser in memory. The time it takes to wake up from Deep-Standby is the same.

Zapping is fast and picture quality is excellent! Linux 3.1.0 is the latest Linux Distribution, and as far as I know the

24

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

TEST REPORT

Xtrend ET6000 is the only STB that runs this kernel. The Xtrend ET6000 supports an HbbTV Web-Browser out of the box. This can also be achieved by means of software.

HbbTV is a system for browser-based, interactive TV applications combined with DVB signalling protocols, for so called Red Button services. Apart from accessing interactive services by means of pressing the Red-Button, it's also possible to access online services through the Weblinks Plugin. Services include YouTubeXL, TomTom Traffic Info, Twitter, Uitzending Gemist and Buienradar, to name a few.

Of course the Web-Browser can be used as a Full-HD stand-alone Web-Browser as well, featuring Mouse mode, select mode, customisable bookmarks, etc.Most keyboard/mouse combinations are supported as well. In the settings there is an option to choose whether a hardware or software (virtual) keyboard is preferred.I

JUNE

was glad to see that the Xtrend ET6000 has an external PSU, this would result in less heat being generated inside the receiver.

Build quality is excellent, just as good as any Dreambox or VU+ receiver. Picture quality is fantastic, comparable to any VU+ or the ET9000. Tested full scanning and worked as good as anything else I've tested.

This receiver is Blind scan compatible.

INFORMATION BOX Model:

Function:

Xtrend ET6000

HD Linux Receiver

DiSEqC:

1.0/1.1/1.2/1.3

USALS:

Yes

S/PDIF:

Yes

EPG:

Yes

HDMI out put:

Yes

VIDEO WIZARD

LANGUAGE SELECTION

MAIN MENU

EVENT VIEW

SERVICE SEARCHING

SYSTEM

25

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

HD

Inside view

SATELLITE TELEVISION

Ever since high definition (HD) TV sets came on the market in the late 90's, high definition TV has been touted as the greatest thing since sliced bread – “Life like picture!” Vibrant colors!” “Three dimensional sound!” But what is high definition satellite TV? Is it really all that great? And where can you get HD satellite TV service at the best price? High definition satellite TV is a broadcast format that provides a higher resolution picture than over-the-air (analog) broadcasts and regular digital broadcasts, resulting in a clearer, more colorful picture. Picture quality is measured in scan lines. The more scan lines a picture has, the clearer the picture. Analog TV has 525 scan lines per image, while HDTV has up to 1,080 lines per image – almost twice as many lines of resolution – giving you twice the clarity of analog TV. DISH Network bundles its HDTV packages with regular digital programming packages. They offer four HDTV packages with prices starting at $29.99 per month for 30 HD channels and 75 regular digital channels. When you subscribe to their service, DISH Network and DIRECTV will give you a free satellite TV system consisting of a satellite dish and up to four receivers. Installation and

JUNE

instruction from your installer on how to use it is also free.

In order to get high definition reception you'll need a high definition receiver. DISH Network will give you a free HD receiver, and DIRECTV will give you a free HD receiver after a $99 mail-in rebate. If you want to digitally record your favorite programs you can purchase a combination HD DVR (digital video recorder) receiver from either provider which will store up to 200 hours of programming. The bottom line is you get a much better picture and better quality sound than you get with standard analog broadcasts, or even regular digital satellite TV broadcasts. So if you want the highest quality picture and sound, and are willing to spend a few extra dollars to get it, HDTV is for you. For anyone who loves a sharp, clear picture, HDTV is the most exciting part of America's transition from analog TV broadcasting to digital broadcasts. There are hours of HDTV programs on every night of the week. Those are the shows with an onscreen message at the beginning: "Presented in high definition where available." Some viewers see that message and mistakenly think they're seeing HDTV on their 15-year-old set. It's not quite that simple.

26

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

SIGNAL ANALYZER Digital TV receivers get more and more versatile and complex.

The same is true for signal analyzers. Once you think that the newest signal analyzer has everything you can ever need, another model hits the market and suddenly you discover that it has something the older model did not have. When it comes to adding new functions and making the instrument more useful – sky is the limit.

That was exactly the case with SPAROS 609 of SPAUN. The meter is very light – only 2.1 kg (including internal battery). It comes in a clever protective bag with convenient openings for cable connections. The bag has two straps, so the installer can use the meter even in very dif? cult operating positions. The analyzer display is large (7 inch), bright and easy to read. As can be expected, its aspect ratio is 16:9. Right below the LCD, there are 8 smart keys.

Their function description is shown at the JUNE

bottom of the display. It changes depending on the current mode of operation. Thanks to that trick, SPAUN has saved quite a number of dedicated buttons.

Speaking of buttons, we have the ON/OFF pushbutton switch at the top row and 9 main function keys below it. In the top row, there are: Auto set, Parameters, Spectrum, TV-set, Measurements. The lower row consists of: LNB-DiSEqC, Con? guration, Save-Recall and Measurement Map. Numeric keyboard is located in the left bottom corner and a very speci? c control element is located to the right. It is not only a set of cursor keys plus an OK button in the center. When you touch the “wheel” with your ? nger and stroke it clockwise or counterclockwise the meter will behave as if you turn the regular tuning knob!

The top panel contains all the sockets and connectors: signal input (BNC connector – we need to use one of the included

adapters), power supply input, USB port, mini USB, Ethernet port and RCA sockets with TV video and audio in- and outputs.

Descriptions on the panel suggest that we may expect in the future 2 additional connectors: asynchronous serial interface (ASI) with transport stream output and PCIMCIA for CAM. The meter is delivered with an external battery charger, connector adapters (F-to-BNC and IEC-to-BNC), USB cable and a USB pendrive containing PC software. Everything is manufactured with attention to detail.

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

What is DiSEqC and mini DiSEqC ?

DiSEqC is a new control protocol to receive digital and analog satellites in the EUROPEAN satellite reception system for the digital future.

DiSEqC was created by EUTELSAT and Philips company. It is a digital control mode, which uses a microcontroller (e.g. satellite receiver or IRD) to send a command via coaxial cable to select or control the received signal. (e.g. Hi/Lo band and Horizontal/Vertical of LNB, SatelliteB/Satellite-A, Polarization Skew, Positioner, ...etc.).

These commands contain more detailed data to control any DiSEqC device, so it is called full DiSEqC (command).

The mini DiSEqC (command) is a "Simple Tone Burst", but is not same as Tone Burst of continued 22KHz and it is only used to select satellite-A/satellite-B in order to reduce the receiver's software size (i.e. only mini DiSEqC function) and parts of 2x1 switch.

In analog receive systems you can use JUNE

0KHz/22KHz and 14/18V to select Lo/Hi band, Vertical/Horizontal, but if you want to change between analog and digital satellites, there is no control signal to select.

This is why you will need a DiSEqC switch, DiSEqC accessories and use DiSEqC command (DiSEqC receivr) to operate.

In 1997 thanks to EUTELSAT-STAB collaboration, all commands of the DiSEqC 1.2 standard were developed to operate dish motors directly from the receiver via the LNB cable.

The DiSEqC 1.2 system has been adopted as a standard by satellite receiver manufacturers. It needs several adjustments to achieve correct dish alignment including correct southern alignment, manual setting of all satellite positions, limit settings etc.

Since 1999, the main aim of STAB research has been to solve the problems associated with the dish motor installation and to enable end users to buy STAB motors from

their retailer and install them easily, anywhere in the world. The new USALS program has enabled this goal to be reached.

USALS is a calculation system processed

by STAB of Italy and given free to all manufacturers of satellite receivers and PC cards. The program enables the receiver to calculate the positions of all satellites in orbit with a precision of better than 0.1 degrees with reference to the installation site. This is achieved automatically without the need for specialised technical knowledge.

Please remember that USALS is a program and not a communication protocol. In collaboration with EUTELSAT, the DiSEqC 1.2 protocol string has been defined to drive the motors in "Drive Motor to Angular Position (degree)" mode, which is the only command utilised by the USALS programme.

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

Satellite Dish Motor Moteck SG-2100 dish motor can move the satellite dish from east to west to track the satellites postioned along the Clarke belt. This motor can move dish up to 120cm, letting you watch the world of free to air MPEG2 channels. Easy to install, the SG-2100 motor features a 1 5/8" masthead and points downward.

Moteck SG-2100 works for any offset dish with a U-bolt or Pole mounting up to 120 cm Aluminum or 95 cm Steel. This motor will fit a Winegard 30" dish and FortecStar dishes. Works with all DiSEqC 1.2, 1.3, Goto X compliant satellite receivers. It utilizes a data stream passed up the LNB co-axial lead to the mount. Only one coaxial cable is needed for installation.

A dish and motor setup needs at least a 27 inch dish we recommend at least a 33 inch dish and a H-H motor between the pole and the dish assembly. The motor is controlled with the small current that comes through the RG6 Coax cable to move the motor which moves your dish. The dish actually does not only go left and right, it goes in an arc or curve. The centre of the arc is the highest point. Back in the early 2000's setting up a dish and a motor was a harder JUNE

task, now it has become far simpler with the invention of a new standard called USALS instead of using the old diseqc method. The idea of setting up a motor with USALS is to get the satellite that is nearest south to your geographical location. On a compass setting that is a 180 degrees. If you are within a few degrees off USALS still works pretty well. Once you find the nearest southwardly satellite then you set the motor up in the middle (Highest point in the ARC) set the receiver up on the dish menu settings to USALS and the motor will automatically move the dish between satellites for you.

The advantages of having a dish and a motor is you can get up to 60 satellites and if you attach an invacom LNB to the your dish you can receiver Linear, Universal and Standard Circular signals all from one high quality LNB. The disadvantage to a dish and a motor setup is it can only work using one receiver to one TV.

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

Digital TV Receiver:

Is Digital TV A Customer Complaint Magnet?

The switch from analog to digital TV is on its way--whether we're ready for it or not! For your average dropship reseller, this new phase of broadcasting might be a golden opportunity because there aren't many resellers getting in on the action as yet, and also because it is something that almost everybody in the civilized world is going to have to use.

But, the downside to this rosy picture is that there are bound to be multiple problems associated with the sale of the digital TV receiver and other digital TV products.

Now, do you see how confusing this is?

ATSC, for instance is used in some parts of Asia and some parts of Africa. DVB is also used in some parts of Africa. ASDB might or might not be used in other South American countries other than Brazil.

You will really have to stay on your toes to keep abreast of all this and even then, you're bound to end up with customers who have purchased the wrong product. Add to that muddled mix the fact that digital TV won't convert at all for some types of television related items and you have the recipe for a veritable hash of problems!

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Still, even knowing that problems are bound to arise, digital TV could be a resellers dream for the most part with the occasional nightmare thrown in for good measure.

Some existing analog equipment will be less functional with the use of a converter box. For example, television remote controls will no longer be effective at changing channels, because that function will instead be handled by the converter box. Ditto for analog based DVD recorders, VCRs, and hard drive DVRs. Image problems! DTV images have some picture defects that are not present on analog television. When a compressed digital image is compared with the original program source, there may be: quantization noise, incorrect color, blockiness, and a blurred, shimmering haze. Digital televisions have a noticeable delay when changing channels, making "channel surfing" more difficult.

If you receive only free over-the-air television programming, the type of TV you own, either a digital TV or an analog TV, is very important. Consumers who receive only free over-the-air television may view digital programming through a TV set with a built-in digital tuner (integrated DTV) or a digital-ready monitor with a separate digital tuner set-top box.

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

The

world

Want to power up your business - Switch to Triax

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

STAND ALONE ANDCASCADABLE: THE NEW RANGE OF ACTIVE MULTISWITCHES FROM IKUSI 路 The new multiswitches are equipped with an external power supply 路 These are active modules which ensure that the equipment麓s input signal is the same as its output signal to the user Ikusi has just launched its new range of Stand Alone and Cascadablesmultiswitches.In both cases, the modules are active, which ensures the same signal level at the input of the module and at

the output to the users at any level of the building, thus diminishing the number of references and therefore customer stock requirements and greatly facilitating the design of complex installations.Another highly valued feature is that both ranges have an external power supply.

The new multiswitches meet the needs of different types of installations.While Stand Alone multiswitches are designed for star installations with few users (up to 17 users),

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Cascadable are the ideal solution for installations in larger groups of users.Both rangescan be distributed for 4, 8 or 16

SATFI polarities and are also equipped with a terrestrial signal input.Models which supply 4, 8, 12 or 16 users. www.ikusi.com

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

IKUSI, TAILORING TECHNOLOGY TO FIT YOUR BUSINESS GOALS Alfredo Juarranz, Director of International Development of the Multimedia Unit

With more than 15 years of experience, Ikusi is now one of the key players in the Multimedia Sector. Indeed, it has a fleet of more than 100,000 installations. A growing career that has been marked by a very

specific way of understanding business, which has gained the trust of the key players in the sector.

At Ikusi we undertakeprojects with each of our clients in a totally individualised way, getting in-depth knowledge into their business and developing tailor-made solutions of high technological value capable of generating real added value.

Proximity to the client and technological capacity as differential values At Ikusi we take the partner relationship to another level, understanding the client from inside their business and being part of their strategy. This differential proximity to the client results in a proposal of value more closely adapted to their business objectives via a high technological capacity and a team of engineers who are experts in conditional access, in DVB signalling and in real-time systems.

In addition, Ikusi offers a complete maintenance service that includes corrective, modifying, preventive and evolutionary maintenance, as well as the traceability of the entire project, from the supply to the installation.

All of this with the ultimate aim of accompanying our clients in their global expansion by making their strategy ours.

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

AIMING FOR THE SKIES Recession-proof is how the satellite industry in the Middle East calls itself.

While most other verticals have been feeling the pinch of the slowdown, to a lesser or greater extent, satellite services appear to have beaten the trend entirely.

"The recession has not had a great impact on our business. This is because satellite services are really something that support essential communication. This is where people do not really have a choice, and since we provide cost-effective solutions compared to our competitors, we can have the end-users actually saving money by deploying our solutions," says Sven Rohte, chief commercial officer at Thuraya.

Inmarsat's VP of strategic corporate development, Samer Halawi agrees: "If you look at the people who use our services, they use them because they have to, not because it is a luxury. So the impact has been very minimal. A slowdown could be felt as a result of building faster networks, but that will be felt down the years and not immediately." The essential nature of the services provided by satellites often take the shape of telecom-based voice communications provided to corporates and organisations with remote offices across the JUNE

region. In fact, this is counted as one of the biggest and most obvious advantage of a satellite service. "When you have a highly urban area, usually it is very well connected by terrestrial services. But as soon as you get out of urban areas and go to places with low population density you start losing services. As an organisation, you have to cover those areas but to cover them with terrestrial services is really not cost effective. With satellite services you get blanket coverage so you can focus more effectively on those people in the remote and rural areas," explains Halawi. He also points out that satellite communications are much more effective when companies have a highly mobile workforce. "While terrestrial services have a huge cost advantage, satellite services cannot be equalled in certain applications - such as point to multi-point transmission as is necessary in the broadcasting industry.

Apart from a larger area of coverage, satellites also score higher in terms of reliability in certain countries where telecom operations are not highly advanced," says Shawkat Ahmed, chief commercial officer at Al Yah Satellite Communications Company (Yahsat).

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

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Inside view

Triax

Set Top Boxes

Based on the latest technology and newest chipsets, TRIAX has made various platforms available with various input technology (DVB-C, DVB-T, DVB-S2, IP) and widely used CA technologies.

TRIAX has own manufacturing plants of different electronic and electromechanical products in Denmark, UK and China, but we also work with different professional independent EMS's. Through this set-up we offer maximizing the overall logistics performance, depending on the volume of production and the flexibility needed for different projects.

TRIAX is offering a complete and well functioning distribution network in most of the European countries. Using own employees we offer the total handling such as in-house pre- and after-sales support, inhouse and external sales rep's and the total logistics in connection with goods being shipped in small and big volume to a high number of local re-sellers.

Not only based on our Set Top Boxes, but

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also through 20 years of manufacturing of satellite dishes, we have been partners to important Operators for many years. We understand and respect what is important to Operators, and try to optimize synergies.

Though this set-up Operators can focus on their strength and let TRIAX handle all the product related issues…not only developing and manufacturing the Set Top Boxes, but we also make sure that the products and accessories are widely available, and professionally supported.

When the engineer Knud Jeppesen bought the forge in Hornsyld, Denmark in 1949, he simultaneously laid the foundations of Triax. Alongside the traditional metalworking business, he began to manufacture television aerials in the early 50s - because he thought the first aerials on the market were far too expensive!

Before long he had built a flourishing

45

busi ness, combining the traditional simple craftsmanship of metalwork with the electronic radio and television production of modern times. Today, the product range covers all the way from reception to distribution, from satellite dishes over cabinets over headends to outlets.

It is still the philosophy of Triax to develop simple, high-quality products that fulfil the needs of our customers. That is why we manufacture both standard products and solutions that are tailor-made for individual clients. TRIAX is among the leaders within 2 business areas . TRIAX Multimedia: Solutions for reception, distribution and storage of video, audio and data. It is our vision is to be the preferred provider of our customers. To achieve this vision, we want to manufacture, provide and market the quality solutions that you, our customer will need.

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

DIRECT TV SATELLITE SYSTEM Since the beginning of the DIRECTV satellite system in 1994, sales of these small dish systems has exploded, making this the most successful introduction of new technology ever. With the launch of a Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) system from EchoStar, and the continuing success of the DIRECTV system, as well as the cable-owned Primestar system (now bought out by DIRECTV), the choices can look bewildering. You need to look at the different programming available on the various systems, the size of the dish (the Primestar dish is larger), the direction to the satellites from your area (for clear aiming purposes), the cost of equipment and programming, program obligations, rebates and incentives, and perhaps some other factors you may find as you look through these pages. These pages attempt to define and compare all the new small dish systems and provide enough information to make an intelligent choice as to which of these DBS JUNE

systems is for you. We list available equipment and accessories and make them available at low mail order prices. DBS technology is advancing rapidly, and you should see regular changes and additions to this web site as they become available.

Satellites are used for voice, data, and TV communications world-wide. Signals are beamed from the "uplink" sites to the satellites which then beam the signal back down over a target area or "footprint" such as the US, Canada, or other parts of the world. Programming can be received only within the footprint, or a little outside the footprint sometimes with a larger dish.

Most network and cable programs are transmitted on a series of C-band satellites and some Ku-band satellites. These two types of satellites use different frequencies much like VHF and UHF broadcast TV use different frequencies. Communications satellites were originally designed for commercial purposes for sending telephone,

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

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Inside view

radio, TV, and other signals across the country and around the world for retransmission to businesses and homes by local telephone companies, TV stations, or cable companies. Enterprising individuals soon learned to build satellite dish receivers to pick up these signals at their own home, and begin making and selling these systems to homeowners around the country, thus beginning the era of home satellite TV. During the 1980's and early 1990's, several million of these C-band systems were sold with dishes generally around the 10' diameter size. One of the early pioneers in the C-band business was Charlie Ergan who founded Echosphere Corporation. As home satellite systems became more popular, programmers such as HBO and others realized that they could not continue to give away their programs free to millions of home dish owners. A scrambling system was then developed so their signals were no longer broadcast "in the clear" for everyone with a dish to pick up without any payment to the program developers. The descramblers were addressable, so that the

JUNE

programmer could turn channels on and off by a code sent over the satellite signal, depending on what was paid for by the owner. A few channels were broadcast on the higher frequency Ku-band satellites, and some hybrid C/Ku-band systems were sold, but Ku reception never became very popular due to the difficulties in receiving the Ku channels and to the lack of sufficient programming on these satellites. In the early 1990's four large cable companies launched a Direct Broadcast Satellite, or DBS system called Primestar using an existing medium power Ku-band satellite and a 36" dish. In 1994, the GM Hughes DIRECTV system was launched using a newly designed high power Ku-band satellite and an 18" dish. These systems provided great pictures and stereo sound on 150-200 video and audio channels, and the small dish era began in a serious way. Many cable subscribers are reasonably well satisfied with their service, but many are unhappy with poor reception, frequent outages, limited channel selection, and high monthly fees for premium channels. DBS is now an excellent alternative. Most cable systems just don't have the channel capacity to compete with the huge selection of sports on DSS right now, and those scheduled to be on other DBS systems in All DBS systems have excellent picture and sound via digital transmissions versus the "snow" or "shadows" frequently experienced with cable or antenna reception. Technological Leadership DBS is on the cutting edge of Home Theater technology. Some Pay-perView movies are already being broadcast in wide screen format, Dolby digital sound output is availabe on some satellite receivers, and you can be sure that satellite will be the first to bring High Definition TV to the home.

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

Madni Channel

3740 V 2815 3/4

Urdu Islamic Channel

Fashion TV

3745 V 2625 3/4

Fashion Channel

Such TV

3906 V 2814 3/4

Urdu News Channel

Khyber News, AVT Khyber, K2 Music

3914 V 7300 3/4

Pashto News Channel

ARY Digital

3914 V 7300 3/4

Urdu Entertainment Ch.

ARY QTV, Zauq, Music, News

3914 V 7300 3/4

Islamic, Cooking, News

HBO Pakistan

3914 V 7300 3/4

English Movie (Irdeto-2)

DM Digital

4071 H 14240 3/4

Urdu Channel

PTV Home, PTV News

4091 V 13333 3/4

Urdu Channnel

ATV Pakistan

4091 V 13333 3/4

Urdu Channnel

Awaz TV

4096 H 2309 3/4

Sindhi Channnel

PTV Global USA

4102 V 2894 3/4

Urdu Channnel

PTV National

4114 V 7000 3/4

Pakistani Regional Ch.

Hum TV

4132 H 9200 3/4

Urdu Entertainment Ch.

Masala TV, Style 360

4132 H 9200 3/4

Urdu Cooking Channel

A Plus, A Lite

4154 H 5632 3/4

Urdu Entertainment Ch.

Aaj News

4161 H 3040 3/4

Urdu News Channel

Waseb TV, News One

4166 H 5700 3/4

Seraiki Ch., News Ch.

TV One Global

4166 H 5700 3/4

Urdu Channel

4180 V 26666 3/4

Urdu News Channel

AJK TV

3778 V 3333 3/4

Kashmiri Channel

Starlite, Silver Screen

3715 V 3600 3/4

Movie Channel

Apna News

4056 V 5000 3/4

Punjabi News Channel

Filmazia, Filmax

4056 V 5000 3/4

Movie Channel

Ten Sports Pakistan

3712 H 14454 3/4

Sports Ch. (Irdeto 2)

CNBC Pakistan

3810 H 3312 2/3

Urdu News Channel

Samaa TV

4119 H 3333 2/3

Urdu News Channel

Dawn News

4127 H 3255 3/4

Urdu News Channel

Hidayat TV, Hadi TV

4130 H 2251 3/4

Religious Channel

Rohi TV

4142 H 3306 3/4

Punjabi Channel

Dunya News

4150 H 6600 3/4

Urdu News Channel

Express News

4158 H 6510 3/4

Urdu News Channel

Geo News

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Asia Sat 5 100.5 E

Sabzbat Balochistan PTV Bolan Din News Apna News Kook TV 8XM Value TV KTN, KTN News Kashish TV Sun TV Filmazia Film World Filmax AKS TV Metro One N-Vibe Indus Vision Ravi Sindh TV News Sindh TV Sohni Dharti TV Oxygene Waqt News Samaa TV Aruj TV Business Plus Zaiqa Sharq TV G Kaboom City 42 News Royal News Haq TV Virtual University Kohenoor TV Hope TV Health TV Mehran TV Channel Five VSH News PTV Global ARY News UK ARY News USA Geo UK Aag TV QTV Pakistan Geo News ARY Madani Channel PTV Prime Madani Channel Indus Vision Aaj News Dawn News JUNE

Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E Paksat 1R 38.0 E

3819 V 2222 3/4 3856 V 2893 3/4 3872 H 2170 3/4 3879 V 7234 3/4 3879 V 7234 3/4 3879 V 7234 3/4 3970 H 2170 3/4 3973 V 6509 3/4 3973 V 6509 3/4 3987 V 2800 3/4 4020 H 27700 3/4 4020 H 27700 3/4 4020 H 27700 3/4 4020 H 27700 3/4 4020 H 27700 3/4 4020 H 27700 3/4 4020 H 27700 3/4 4020 H 27700 3/4 4033 V 4340 3/4 4033 V 4340 3/4 4038 V 2800 3/4 4042 V 2850 3/4 4047 V 3255 3/4 4097 V 1600 3/4 4101 V 2800 3/4 4124 V 5000 3/4 4124 V 5000 3/4 4129 V 1700 3/4 4135 H 3255 3/4 4137 V 3255 3/4 4141 V 2800 3/4 4145 V 2170 3/4 4158 V 12000 3/4 4168 V 2800 3/4 4172 V 2800 3/4 4177 V 2800 3/4 4181 V 2170 3/4 3979 V 3255 3/4 3950 H 2170 3/4 11224 V 27500 2/3 11390 V 27500 2/3 11390 V 27500 2/3 11426 V 27500 2/3 11426 V 27500 2/3 11426 V 27500 2/3 11546 H 27500 2/3 11546 H 27500 2/3 12523 H 27500 2/3 12643 H 27500 2/3 10815 H 27500 3/4 10930 H 27500 3/4 10930 H 27500 3/4 12303 H 27500 3/4

Balochi Channel Balochi, Brohi Channel Urdu News Channel Punjabi News Channel Seraiki Channel General Channel Property Channel Sindhi Channel Sindhi Music Channel Urdu Channel Movie Channel Movie Channel Movie Channel Urdu Channel Urdu Channel Urdu Channel Urdu Channel Punjabi Channel Sindhi News Channel Sindhi Channel Punjabi Channel Music Channel Urdu News Channel Urdu News Channel Urdu Channel Urdu Business Channel Urdu Cooking Channel Pashto Channel Music Channel News Channel Urdu News Channel Islamic Channel Educational Channel Urdu Entertainment Ch. General Channel Health Channel Sindhi Channel Urdu News Channel Balochi Channel Urdu Channel Urdu News decoder Urdu News decoder Urdu News decoder Music Channel decoder Islamic Ch. decoder Urdu News decoder Urdu Ch. decoder Islamic Channel Urdu Channel Islamic Channel Urdu Ch. decoder Urdu Ch. decoder Urdu Ch. decoder

we provide digital headends complete solution from Grundig Scupus Motorola Tandberg Scientific Atlanta Arris Harmonics Blankom Drake

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

IS THERE A FUTURE

FOR SATELLITE TV? Satellite has long been the carrier of choice for niche channels, which are seeking the biggest possible audiences they can get. But the introduction of the IPTV platform, which for channel providers is simply cheaper, may soon render satellite delivery obsolete.

“International channels exist as a result of satellite (technologies),” said Aldo Di Felice, president of Toronto-based TLN Television (Telelatino Network), Canada’s only national Hispanic and national Italian broadcaster. TLN chose satellite for its channels because “satellite allowed us to become available in parts of the country that were without cable,” he said. “It let us blanket the country with our coverage. It’s one-stop shopping. With a satellite, you can reach everybody in the country. With cable, it’s system by system.”

But while he concedes that his business owes a debt of gratitude to satellite, Di Felice also believes that IPTV is the way of the future. “Satellite is being taken over by IPTV,” he said resolutely, citing the expensive satellite fees that channel providers are tired of shelling out as a JUNE

major reason for the shift. Satellite costs are dropping as a result of the new competition, but many broadcasters would love nothing more than to do away with the nuisance of satellite fees altogether.

But it’s not just about the money. “IPTV platforms are popping up like wild mushrooms,” said Slava Levin, president and CEO of Toronto-based Ethnic Channels Group, a provider of non-English-language digital TV channels to Canada’s multicultural population. “The universe is changing. In the next 10 years, satellite will go away and IPTV will probably be the new form of distribution for ethnic content.”

Elie Kawkabani, chairman of the board of Ethnic Broadcasters of America opined that while the satellite industry is facing many challenges, “growth is going to continue.

Perhaps not at the same rate as the past few years, but this is not a fly-by-night operation — it will continue.”

Regardless, he believes that IPTV “is going to be the future of our industry. It’s not yet clear how it will happen, but it will happen.

It’s a cheaper way to bring a lot of channels to viewers at once.”

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www.tracksat.com

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2012

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Inside view

Television certainly has an undeserved reputation for being the tool of the masses.

Not only is it elitist and snobby to proclaim, "Oh I don't watch television," when asked about a favorite show at a party, it's simply a lie. The ratings aren't fake, so it's impossible that when millions upon millions of people tune in to watch a season finale, there isn't a smart one in the bunch.

But even more than that, most people who act like their high definition television is more of a decoration than a part of daily life can easily be prodded to admit that they like whatever the latest accepted cerebral programming is. Whether it's the sleeper hit of the HBO season or something like "Mad Men," there's always something on that snobbier people begrudgingly admit to liking.

It doesn't have to be that way. There's a whole world of television for smart people, and it's possible to spend an afternoon with satellite TV and not see a single show that would slow your mind down. The old reputation that TV is merely the boob tube is truly a thing of the past, and even JUNE

programmers are reaching out to attempt to placate those viewers who keep television as their dirty secret.

For starters, channels like History and Discovery have grown by leaps and bounds, with numbers of offshoot channels devoted to single topics like science or World War II. It's possible to watch extensive, multipart documentaries based on best-selling non-fiction books that deal with theories about how societies grew. It might not be the same as a law degree, but a great deal of the programming on The History Channel looks at famous court cases and presents them in a way that part of your homework at law school might actually be to watch something on television and also read a book. So the days of pretending that there's nothing important or worth merit on satellite TV are long gone, and it's just up to people to admit it. But even more than simple television programming, there's an entire world of obscure cinema out there that's only accessible through your HD TV. For example, a number of the independent film channels.

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

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19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

Just as different seats in a theater provide different perspectives on a performance, different Earth orbits give satellites varying perspectives, each valuable for different reasons.

Some seem to hover over a single spot, providing a constant view of one face of the Earth, while others circle the planet, zipping over many different places in a day.

minutes to orbit the Earth at about 705 kilometers up, while a weather satellite at 42,164 kilometers away takes 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds to complete an orbit. At 384,403 kilometers from the center of the Earth, the Moon completes a single orbit in 28

Catalog of Earth Satellite Orbits

There are essentially three types of Earth orbits: high Earth orbit, medium Earth orbit, and low Earth orbit. Many weather and some communications satellites tend to have a high Earth orbit, farthest away from the surface. Satellites that orbit in a medium (mid) Earth orbit include navigation and specialty satellites, designed to monitor a particular region. Most scientific satellites, including NASA’s Earth Observing System fleet, have a low Earth orbit. The height of the orbit, or distance between the satellite and Earth’s surface, determines how quickly the satellite moves around the Earth. An Earthorbiting satellite’s motion is mostly controlled by Earth’s gravity. As satellites get closer to Earth, the pull of gravity gets stronger, and the satellite moves more quickly. NASA’s Aqua satellite, for example, requires about 99 JUNE

days.

Changing a satellite’s height will also change its orbital speed. This introduces a strange paradox. If a satellite operator wants to increase the satellite’s orbital speed, he can’t simply fire the thrusters to accelerate the satellite. Doing so would boost the orbit (increase the altitude), which would slow the orbital speed.

Instead, he must fire the thrusters in a direction opposite to the satellite’s forward motion, an action that on the ground would slow a moving vehicle.

This change will push the satellite into a lower orbit, which will increase its forward velocity. In addition to height, eccentricity and inclination also shape a satellite’s orbit. Eccentricity refers to the shape of the orbit. A satellite with a low eccentricity orbit moves in a near circle around the Earth. An eccentric orbit is elliptical, with the satellite’s distance from Earth changing depending on where it is in its orbit.

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19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

JAPANESE SATELLITE TO PROVIDE BROADBAND INTERNET AND DTV IN ASIA Japan may have taken a long time getting into the space race, but they're quickly making up for lost time. Powered by a rocket designed and built in Japan, they've launched a new satellite which they hope will be able to provide digital television (DTV) and high speed internet to remote areas of the country, as well as serving customers in other parts of Southeast Asia.

The satellite called Kizuna was developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), the National Institute of Information and Communication Technology, and Mitsubishi. It can reportedly transmit data at up to 1.2Gbps (Gigabits per second), including both internet and DTV streams.

In addition to the fact that launching a satellite is a relatively quick, if still expensive, way to deploy infrrastructer across a larger area than would be possible with physical cables. For Japan, where earthquakes are a real threat, satellite connections also have the advantage that they will be unaffected in the case of any natural disaster.

"The infrastructure on the ground may not withstand a major earthquake, and remote areas may not have any access to optic-fiber networks," one official said.

BS satellites were used for Direct-To-Home satellite service in Japan. Japanese satellite JUNE

television, which uses an analog format, started with test broadcasts carried out by the semigovernmental NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation) in 1984. It was considered that direct satellite TV reception (DTH) was obtained by a small parabolic antenna from 40 cm to 60 cm in all areas of Japan from the geostationary earth orbit (GEO) of 110 degrees of east longitude. All BS satellites have been of the same basic configuration: 3-axis stabilization of a rectangular spacecraft bus with two elongated solar arrays. After first successful test of satellite broadcasting of TV signal many Japanese producers of consumer electronics began to deliver on local market various consumer home electronic goods equipped by built-in satellite receivers. year after the first CS-class satellites were launched, the BS (Broadcasting Satellite) program was inaugurated with the flight of BSE (Experimental) also known as Yuri. As the name implies, BS satellites are designed for television broadcasting and were initially developed for the Japanese Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications and for the Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK). All BS satellites have been located at 110 degrees E and have been of the same basic configuration: 3-axis stabilization of a rectangular spacecraft bus with two elongated solar arrays.

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

PARAS HD ELECTRONICS

Hakeem Arcade Hussain Agahi Road, Multan. Ph: 061-4577999 Mobile: 0345-7230430, 0300-9637231

Phone: 061-6772740 Mobile: 0300-9637414 PARAS DEALER:

MUHAMMAD IMTIAZ

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

LIVE TV-THE NEW FACE OF TELEVISION

Live TV is just not confined to the above mentioned features. It has widened it's scope to advertising and sales promotions as well. Now a days people are expanding their business through Live TV and also on line TV. It makes sense for manufacturers of computers and allied services like Internet service providers to advertise their products and services on Online Live TV. It is a perfect way to increase sales revenue by generating more and more publicity about them. Many companies providing matrimonial services advertise on them.

Thanks to this technology, that now one can watch it is possible TV from any part of the world. They are available free -without paying an extra charge. Thus people can watch live TV without worrying about the exorbitant monthly cable bills. As there is no problem of bad signal, one can watch a number of programmes even from remote places. All one needs to do is to the websites which offer free these services.

The number of these sites is increasing everyday, as more and more people are being attracted to this new technology.

People can easily subscribe to the services JUNE

of online TV. To avail these services one does not even have to stand in long queues as the registration forms can be filled on line. After completing this simple formality, one can use the services with immediately.

The services offered by online entertainment portal also includes services like making calls and forwarding messages.

Therefore combining the features of television, phones, Internet all rolled into one. These features have revolutionized the world of entertainment. Especially for a cricket crazy nation like India, these services have proved to be a necessity. Now one does not have to make difficult choices between work and entertainment like live cricket matches. One can pause them and watch them after work.

The companies and websites offering these services carry out huge promotional and advertising campaigns. They make sure that maximum number of people get to know about their services and subscribe to them.

The competition between them has forced them to slash rates in order to attract more subscribers. At the end of the day it is the customer who is getting true value for his money.

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

t e cy rity at EC nd nc en ola S/R F Ba /E u l r C eq P Fr

Channels

Be

am

Dish Size 08-10 ft Dish Size 06-10 ft

DIGITAL CHART

Apstar 6 (134°E) 6

Express AM 3 (140°E) AM 3

Dish Size 06-08 ft

Dish Size 08-10 ft

Dish Size 08 ft

JC Sat 3 (128.8° E) 3

Dish Size 08 ft

Asiasat 4 (122° E) 4

Chinasat 6B(115.5°E) 6B

Telestar 18 (138°E)18

June

83

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

Dish Size 06-12ft

Koreasat 5 & Palapa D (113째 E)

Dish Size 08 ft

Dish Size 08 ft

DIGITAL CHART

Asiasat 3S (105.5째E) 3S

Telkom1&Nss11 (108.2째E)

June

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

Dish Size 04-06 ft

DIGITAL CHART

Asiasat 5 (100.5°E) 5

Dish Size 06-08 ft

Dish Size 06-10 ft

June

Dish Size 10 ft

Measat 3 (91.5°E) 1

Dish Size 08 ft

Yamal 201 (90°E) 201

Insat 3A (93.5°E) 3A

NSS 6 (95°E) 6

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels Dish Size 06-08 ft

Dish Size 06-08 ft

DIGITAL CHART Intelsat 15 (85.2째E) 709

Insat 2E/4A (83째E)

2E/4A

Dish Size 06-08 ft

Dish Size 04-06 ft

June

Thaicom 5 (78.5째E)

2/5

ST 2 (88째E) 1

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

Dish Size 06-08 ft

DIGITAL CHART

Apstar 2R (76.5°E)

Dish Size 06-08 ft

Dish Size 10 ft

Dish Size 06-08 ft

EUTELSAT 70A (70.5°E)

ABS 1 (75°E) Dish Size 06-08 ft

June

Insat 3C/4CR (74.0°E) 3C/4CR

87

Intelsat 7/10(68.5°E) 7/10

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

DIGITAL CHART Dish Size 06-08 ft

June

88

Intelsat 17 (66.0째E)

17

Dish Size 08-10 ft

Intelsat 906 (64째 E) 906

Dish Size 08-10 ft

Intelsat 902 (62째 E) 902

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

Dish Size 10 ft

DIGITAL CHART

Bonum 1 (56°E) 1

Dish Size 08-10 ft Dish Size 08-10 ft

Intelsat 904 (60°E) 904 Dish Size 08-10 ft

Express AM 22(53°E) AM

Dish Size 08-10 ft

Dish Size 08-10 ft Dish Size 08-10 ft

Intelsat 12 (45.0°E)12

Turksat 2A & Turksat 3A (42°E) 3A

& 2A

Yamal 202 (49°E) 202

NSS 12 (57°E)

June

89

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

Dish Size 08 ft

Dish Size 08 ft

DIGITAL CHART

Express AM1 (40째E)

Hellas Sat-2 (39째E) 2

Dish Size 08 ft

Dish Size 08 ft

June

EUTELSAT 36A /36B (36.0째 E)

Paksat 1/1R (38.0째 East)1

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

Dish Size 08-10 ft

DIGITAL CHART

Dish Size 06-8 ft

Astra 2A (28.2° E) 2A

Dish Size 06-08 ft

Astra 2B (28.2° E) 2B

EUTELSAT 33A (33°E)

Dish Size 06-08 ft

Dish Size 08 ft

EUTELSAT 28A (28.5°E)

Astra 1G (31.0° E)

Dish Size 06-08 ft

Dish Size 08 ft

Astra 2D (28.2°E) 2D

Arabsat 5A(30.5°E) 5A

June

91

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

Dish Size 06-08 ft

DIGITAL CHART

Badr 4/5/6 (26°E) Dish Size 08 ft

Dish Size 08 ft

Dish Size 08-10 ft

June

Arabsat 2B (20.0°E)

EUTELSAT 25A (25.5°E)

Dish Size 10-12 ft

Dish Size 10-12 ft

EUTELSAT 21A (21.6° E)

Astra 1H/1KR/1L/1M/2C (19.2°E) 1H/1KR/1L/1M/2C

Astra 3A/3B & Thor 2 (23.5°E)

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

DIGITAL CHART

Dish Size 10-12 ft

EUTELSAT 16A / 16B (16째E)

Dish Size 10-12 ft

June

93

EUTELSAT HOT BIRD 13A /13B/13C (13째E)

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

June

DIGITAL CHART

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

Dish Size 12 ft

DIGITAL CHART

EUTELSAT 9A

(9.0째E)

Dish Size 10 ft

Dish Size 10 ft

Astra 4A (4.8째E) 4A

EUTELSAT 10A (10째E)

Dish Size 10 ft

June

EUTELSAT 7A (7째E)

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

Dish Size 12 ft

DIGITAL CHART Dish Size 10 ft

Amos 2/3(4.0째W)

Dish Size 8 ft

EUTELSAT 5 West A (5째W)

Thor 5/6 & Intelsat 10-02 (0.8째W)

June

96

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital Channels

Dish Size 10 ft

June

DIGITAL CHART

EUTELSAT 7 West A (7째W)

97

Dish Size 8 ft

EUTELSAT 8 West A (8째W)

Dish Size 8 ft

EUTELSAT 12 West A (12.5째W)

Dish Size 8 ft

Telstar 12 (15째W)

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Complete Guide of Digital & HD Channels

DIGITAL & HDTV CHART

HDTV CHANNELS ARE AS BELOW: Dish Size 8 ft

Intelsat 901 (18.0°W)

Dish Size 8 ft

Hispasat 1C/1D/1E (30.0°W)

Badr 4/5/6 (26.0°E) 4/6

Optus D1 (160.0°E)

Astra 3A/3B & Thor 2 (23.5°E)

Koreasat 6 (116.0°E)

6

ChinaSat 6B (115.0°E) 6B

Asiasat 5 (100.5°E)

Astra 1H-1M (19.2°E) 1H-1M

3S

EUTELSAT HOT BIRD 13A /13B/13C (13°E)

Measat 3/3a (91.5°E)

EUTELSAT 9A

(9.0°E)

Türksat 2A/3A (42.0°E)

Hellas Sat 2 (39.0°E) 2 Dish Size 8 ft

Eutelsat W3 (EUTELSAT 7A) (7°E)

Intelsat 903 (34.5°W)

EUTELSAT 36A /36B (36.0° E)

24thMay2012

Eurobird 1 & Astra 2A/2B/2D (28.2°E) 1

2A/2B/2D

Last Updated On 24th May 2012 for more detail log-on to www.tracksat.com June

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The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

Fiber optic transmitters are devices that include an LED or laser source, and signal conditioning electronics, to inject a signal into fiber. Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) have relatively large emitting areas and as a result are not as good light sources as laser diodes. However, optical transmitter are widely used for short to moderate transmission distances because they are much more economical. Laser diodes can couple many times more power to optical fiber than LEDs. They are primarily used for applications that require the transmission of signals over long distances.

The optical transmitter is used to measure the sensitivity respectively the function of an optical receiver (photodiodes) or attenuation of an optical fiber connected to an optical power meter. The modularly power source in combination with a LED adapter generates a stabilized optical output. All standard fiber optic (FO)

JUNE

connectors can be connected on the optical transmitter by means of a connector LED adapter system. The LED adapters are available with different wavelengths.

The aim of the fiber optic transmitters rack is to convert electrical signal output from the receivers equipment in light signal and monitor the ageing of both laser diodes.

Receiver assembly output 2 electrical signals that are transported through mono mode optical fibers down to the correlator room located inside the building. An Intermediate Frequency carries each band of signal between 4 GHz and 8 GHz. SUN Telecom SUN-CATV-T15 series rackmount type 1550nm external modulated optical transmitter is special designed for fiber to the home (FTTH) system and Hybrid Fiber Coaxial (HFC) system. this transmitier has wide frequency range from 45MHz to 862MHz, with multiple FC/APC (or SC/APC) fiber ports, with variable

99

output power. The CATV Transmitter with internal microprocessor software, which as the function of laser monitoring, parameter displaying, fault warning, net management and so on. Once the working parameter of the laser goes out of the fixed value of the software, the machine will alert, in addition, the transmitter provides RJ45 and RS232 standard interface for the connecting the computer and monitoring. Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of light through an optical fiber. The light forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to carry information. First developed in the 1970s, fiber-optic communication systems have revolutionized the telecommunications industry and have played a major role in the advent of the Information Age.

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

SATELLITE MODULATORS

Ericsson's SM6600 series satellite modulators are a highly flexible product range with a set of class leading features that make them the backbone of the satellite industry. They provide feature rich modulation solutions while maintaining ease of use and control. The high quality compact design makes the range suitable for fixed or mobile installations.

The SENCORE SMD 989 DVB-S/S2 professional modulator is ideal for single or multi-stream MPEG Transport Stream modulation. Leveraging the latest modulation technology, the SMD provides high-value solution with unmatched signal quality.

Multistream support with Variable Coding and Modulation (VCM) ensures the SMD will be ready for the future of S2 modulation, and a complete web GUI provides legendary Ease of Use. The optional, built-in L-Band upconverter enables the SMD 989 to provide an IF or L-

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band output. This eliminates the need for multiple pieces of equipment and provides a compact solution for facilities housing multiple modulators or for insertion into Lband inter-facility links.

The chassis has two bays allowing for a variety of configurations, including two independent modulators for density, redundant power supplies for reliability, or DC BUC power for portable applications.

With the ongoing need to increase bitrate efficiency, operators are looking for better modulators that will provide more bits per Hz. The ASM 988 A provides higher bitrate by offering efficient 8PSK modulation as well as 16-QAM and QPSK. The ASM 988A is perfect for the DBS environment, contribution, or SNG. The unit uses an advanced coding in the FEC layer to operated near shannon's theoretical limit of bandwidth efficiency. It accepts a M2P, DVB-SPI and DVB-ASI input transport

100

stream, it also will produce up to a 30 Mband modulated signal.

The AZ110 is a state-of-the-art satellite modulator designed for broadcast contribution, DSNG and distribution applications over satellite in full compliance with the DVB standards.

Depending on the applications and the activated features, the AZ110 can be used in conjunction with set-top boxes, professional IRDs or satellite demodulators such as the AZ910.

In its default configuration, the AZ110 is capable of transmitting one MPEG transport stream in DVB-S, DVB-DSNG or DVB-S2 mode. The AZ110 allows automatic or manual selection between two ASI inputs and has dual ASI monitoring outputs. Optionally, an optical ASI interface can be added. BISS scrambling options can be activated to scramble a single stream or Multiple program streams (BISSM).

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

A single LNB can only see a single polarity at a time. This is fine as long as you only have a single tuner receiver. It has full control as to what polarity it tunes.

However, once you have two tuners or multiple satellites, you need a multiswitch and a dual lnb(s).

Each dual lnb has two outputs, one for each polarity. These lines connect into the multiswitch's satellite inputs while each receiver connects into the multiswitch's receiver outputs. A multiswitch acts like an old fashion telephone switchboard. The receiver requests to be connected to a certain satellite/polarity combination.

Either through relays or solid-state switches, the correct satellite's signal is routed to the receiver based on how the receiver signals the multiswitch.

By having each satellite/polarity combination available at the multiswitch, any receiver can receive any satellite polarity. Multiple receivers can use the same satellite/polarity, or they can use different ones as needed.

A multiswitch is a device used with a quattro LNB to distribute satellite TV signals to multiple (usually more than four) receivers from a single dish and LNB. A typical Ku band universal LNB can be switched between four modes (two frequency ranges and two polarisations) selected by signals from the receiver (supply voltage for polarisation and JUNE

presence or absence of a 22 kHz tone for frequency range). This means that each receiver needs a separate feed and twintuner receivers need two separate feeds. For small numbers of receivers a multi-output LNB is used and all the feeds are taken straight from the LNB but there is a limit to the number of outputs that can reasonably be placed on a LNB. So for larger installations a quattro LNB is used in conjunction with a multiswitch. The quattro LNB provides the signals for all four of the modes at the same time. The

101

multiswitch then selects which of these signals to send to each receiver . For very large installations the signals from the LNB can be split and fed to more than one multiswitch. Typically a larger dish is used to make up for the extra losses in the longer cable runs and the multiswitches.

Multiswitches are commonly installed on or in blocks of flats in the UK to allow all the residents to receive satellite TV without having to have a separate dish for every resident.

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012

19 YEARS OF GENEROUS PUBLICATIONS

Inside view

WHAT DOES AN LNB DO

It could be safe to say that such type involving dishes perform better and are far more versatile.It's very important that you get the right one. There are two types of lnbs that you can choose from. One is called the linear satellite and also other is called the circular satellite.

You will the need the proper satellite for the complimenting feed and therefore while

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you are getting an lnb, it can be of paramount importance that you purchase the right one.If you're currently experiencing poor picture quality, then the problem may well be of the LNB and the very first thing that you have got to do is the with a satellite signal finder to get this thing fixedAnd finally, just make sure that you get the right lnb satellite tv for pc for yourself otherwise you do not be able to find the signals till eternity..Your "LNB" is the device at the end of a satellite dish arm and means "low noise block off converter". Its job is to collect the signal from the satellite and convert the signal into a frequency that can travel down the cables with very little signal strength loss.

Your ASTRA satellites transmit signals in two linear polarisations (Horizontally and Vertical). An LNB receives those signs, amplifies them, divides them into four sub-bands, converts them to a lower

102

Intermediate Frequency (IF) piece and passes it to the receiver. The receiver selects the proper sub-band by sending this relevant voltage (13 = V, 18 = H) together with 22kHz switching tone to your LNB (tone on = Hi-band).For those who have poor picture quality or no picture whatsoever and you believe the problem maybe the LNB also, you have easy and safe access to your satellite dish the very first thing you should do is to use a satellite signal finder attached to the first connection point available after the cables enter the asset, this is a loose lead which includes a plug on it or a socket fixed to a wall on the inside of the property.

Should you have already done this also, you got no signal or a poor signal on the satellite signal finder and you simply have safe easy entry to your satellite dish, it's simple to go outside to that satellite dish and disconnect any one of many cables from the LNB together with connect the satellite transmission finder in its place on the LNB, be careful not to move the dish.

The Highly Circulated Satellite Magazine

2012