Basic Understandingn of Frame Construction in Timber, Reinforced Concrete and Steel.
Framed Structure Structure supported mainly by a skeleton, or frame, of wood, steel, or reinforced concrete rather than by load-bearing walls. Rigid frames have fixed joints that enable the frames to resist lateral forces; other frames require diagonal bracing or shear walls and diaphragms for lateral stability.
Heavy timber framing was the most common type of construction in East Asia and northern Europe from prehistoric times to the mid19th century.
Load Bearing Construction
Steel's strength, when used in steel framing, made possible buildings with longer spans. Concrete frames impart greater rigidity and continuity; various advancements, such as the introduction of the shear wall, have made concrete a serious competitor with steel in high-rise structures. Britannica Concise Encyclopedia : http://www.answers.com/topic/framed-structure
Load Distribution Concept in Framed Construction • Horizontal and vertical column received both compressive and tensile force. [tensile – the amount of stress that materials such as wire, rope and concrete can take without breaking]. • What are the basic Structural behavior that students should know?
Tension - a pulling force that attempts to stretch or lengthen. For example, a rope with a weight hanging on the end.
Compression a pushing force that tries to squash or shorten.
Bending -
forces that attempt to cause bending deformation;
Shear - 'sliding' forces that act in opposite directions. For example, in a teapot, there is a shear force in the surface between the handle and the body. You want to move the teapot up, while the load is downwards.
• Load distribution concept in frame construction • Horizontal and vertical column received both compressive and tensile force. • All these forces are transmit loads from the floors, roof and walls to the columns. • The columns are required to resist mainly the compressive forces; transferring the beam loads [and the self weight of beam and column] to the foundation and finally to the supporting soil.
Load Distribution Concept Horizontal and vertical column received both compressive and tensile force. C [tensile – the amount of stress that materials such as wire, rope and concrete can take without breaking].
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T
All these forces are transmit loads from the floors, roof and walls to the columns.
The columns are required to resist mainly the compressive forces; transferring the beam loads [and the self weight of beam and column] to the foundation and finally to the supporting soil.
Load distribution and reaction at – opening areas.
What happens in a beam? When beams bend, the top surface is compressed and the bottom surface is stretched. Therefore, that the important areas for a beam to be strong are the top and bottom. The strength at the centre is not so important.
Walls as infill components – all loads to structural frames The infill panels between the framework used to provide the external wall can be constructed of any suitable durable material which fulfils performance requirements.
Bricks Vs. Structural Frame
Most common method of construction for framed construction, all infill panels are usually transferred back to the supporting columns and beams by the fixing method.
Frame Construction Timber, Reinforced Concrete and Steel.
Frame Construction Reinforced Concrete
Concrete Frame Construction Reinforced concrete (RC) frames consist of horizontal elements (beams) and vertical elements (columns) connected by rigid joints. These structures are cast monolithically that is, beams and columns are cast in a single operation in order to act in unison. RC frames provide resistance to both gravity and lateral loads through bending in beams and columns.
Benefits of concrete frames The cost of a frame system alone should not dictate the choice of frame for a project. Rather it should be just one of a number of issues that should be considered when making the choice of frame material. Only then can you be confident that you have the best and optimum structural solution. The following checklist should assist designers and cost consultants to achieve the best value solution.
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Building Cross Section [Construction Drawing] Reinforced Concrete Post and Beam Construction. [Frame Construction System].
Frame Construction - Timber
Load Distribution Concept
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Construction Detailing Concept
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Construction Detailing Concept
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Typical Malay House
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Construction Detailing Concept
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